基于PLC的火灾自动报警控制系统的毕业设计论文

摘要

目前，随着电子产品在人类生活中的使用越来越广泛，由此引起的火灾也越来越多，在我们生活得四周到处潜伏着火灾隐患。为了避免火灾以及减少火灾造成的损失，我们必须按照“隐患险于明火，防患胜于救灾，责任重于泰山”的概念设计和完善火灾自动报警系统，将火灾消灭在萌芽状态，最大限度地减少社会财富的损失。同时为了减少外界环境的干扰，采用PLC对其进行控制，从而大大提高系统的抗干扰性。

PLC英文全名为Programmable Control，即可编程控制器包括逻辑运算、顺序控制、时序、计数以及算术运算等程序。他用一串指令形式存放在存储器中，然后根据存储的控制内容，经过模拟、数字等输入输出部件，对生产设备与生产过程进行控制。一套典型的PLC通常包括CPU模块、电源模块和一些I/O模块，这些模块被插在一块背板上。如果配置增加，可能会包括一个操作员界面、监控计算机、通信模块、软件以及一些可选的特殊功能模块。可编程控制器不仅容易安装，占用空间小，能源消耗小，带有诊断指示器可以帮助故障诊断，而且可以被重复使用到其他的项目中去。现在，尽管PLC的功能，如运行数度、接口种类、数据处理能力己经获得了很大的提高，但PLC一直保持了最初设计的原则，那就是简单之上的原则。

本系统可安装在各防火单位，它负责不断地向所监视的现场发出巡检信号，监视现场的温度、浓度等，并不断反馈给报警控制器，控制器将接到的信号与内存的正常整定值比较、判断确定火灾，并及时进行灭火。

关键词：火灾报警传感器 PLC

ABSTRACT

Now, with electronic products used in human life more and more widely, the resulting fire, more and more, we live in fire hazards lurking around everywhere. To avoid fires and reduce fire losses, we must follow the "hidden dangers fire in prevention is better than disaster relief, the responsibility is extremely heavy," the concept design and improvement of automatic fire alarm system, fire nipped in the bud, the maximum reduce the loss of social wealth.Meanwhile, in order to reduce interference of the external environment,using the PLC to control it andthis is greatly improve the system of resistance against interference.

PLC full name in English-only Programmable Control, can be programmed controller including the logical, sequential control, timing, counting, and arithmetic operations and other procedures. He used the form of a bunch of commands stored in the memory, and then under the control of the content is stored through analog, digital and other input and output components, production equipment and production process control. A typical set of PLC typically includes CPU modules, power modules, and a number of I / O modules, these modules are plugged into a backplane. Increase if the configuration may include an operator interface, control computers, communications modules, software, and some optional special function modules. Programmable Logic Controller is not only easy to install, taking up little space, energy consumption is small, with a diagnostic indicator can help fault diagnosis, and can be reused in other projects to I5]. Now, despite the PLC functions, such as running several times, interface types, data-processing capabilities have been greatly improved access, but the PLC has maintained the original design principles, it is a simple above principle.

The system can be installed in all fire units, which is responsible for continuously monitoring the site to start the inspection signal, monitor the site of temperature, concentration, and continuous feedback to the alarm controller, the controller will receive the signal and the normal memory setting value was determined by comparing to determine the fire, And promptly extinguished the fire Keywords: fire alarm; sensor; plc