高效石油降解菌的筛选

海洋中高效石油降解菌的筛选

楼浩

04016158

摘要

本研究利用原油为唯一碳源，采用富集培养分离的方法从象山港的表层海水和底泥混合物中筛选到两株石油降解菌株F3和F4。通过检测，两种菌株在油浓度为2000mg·L-1、温度为28℃的条件下培养七天后，降解率分别达到了48.1%和51.3%，与目前已筛选出的海洋石油降解菌相比较，F3、F4均属于降解率较高的菌株。本研究还对营养盐、原油浓度等影响F3、F4菌株生长和降解率的相关因素进行了初步探讨。结果表明：①氮、磷营养盐在较大程度上限制了F3、F4菌株对原油的降解率，是主要的限制因子。在氮磷浓度≥1.0m g·L-1时，F3菌株才能达到最大的降解效率48.1%，在氮磷浓度≥1.5m g·L-1时，F4菌株才能达到最大的降解效率57.3%。②F4菌株的降解率随原油浓度的降低而增加。在原油浓度为400mg·L-1时，F3、F4菌株的降解率分别达到57.6%和61.5%，而在油浓度为4000 mg·L-1时，F3、F4菌株的降解率仅为27.5%、11.2%，相比之下F3菌株对原油浓度的耐受能力更强。

关键词：石油降解菌；筛选；原油降解率；氮磷营养盐；原油浓度

ABSTRACT

The use of oil as the sole carbon source, using enrichment culture method from the surface water and sediment which in the Xiangshan Port isolated two strains of oil degradation, Named as F3 and F4. To detect these two strains in the oil concentration was 2000mg/L, the temperature is 28℃ training seven days ,The degradation rate respectively reached 48.1% and 51.3%, compared with that which has been selected marine oil degrading bacteria, F3, F4 belong to the higher efficiency degradation of crude oil strain. The issue also conducted a preliminary test about nutrients, oil concentration and so on which Impact F3, F4 strain growth and the degradation efficiency. The results showed that: ①nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient limitation to a greater extent on the F3, F4 strains degradation efficiency , is the main limiting factor. In the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus ≥ 1.0mg/L, F3 strain to achieve normal degradation efficiency 48.1%, the concentr ation of nitrogen and phosphorus in ≥ 1.5 mg/L, F4 strains to reach the degradation efficiency is 57.3%. ② the degradation of the F4 strain increasing when the concentration of oil reduced. in the concentration of 400 mg/L, The degradation rate of F3, F4 strains respectively reached 57.6% and 61.5%, the concentration of oil in the 4000mg/L, The degradation rate F3, F4 strains of was only 27.5%, 11.2%, but compared with F4, F3 strains better adapted to the higher concentration of oil.

Key Words: Petroleum Degrading strains; Screening;Degradation of oil;nutrients of nitrogen and phosphorus; Oil concentration

目录

1．引言 (2)

2．材料与方法 (3)

2.1实验仪器与试剂 (3)

2.2样品 (3)

2.3培养基 (4)

2.3.1 富集培养基 (4)

2.3.2 分离培养基 (4)

2.3.3 保存培养基 (4)

2.4石油降解菌的富集及分离方法 (4)

2.5菌悬液制备及菌体的计数方法 (5)

2.5.1 菌悬液制备 (5)

2.5.2 悬液中菌体计数 (5)

2.6P H值的测定方法 (5)

2.7原油降解率的测定 (5)

3．结果与讨论 (6)

3.1菌株的分离与纯化 (6)

3.2处理时间对原油降解率的影响 (7)

3.3营养盐对原油降解率的影响 (10)

3.4油浓度对原油降解率的影响 (12)

4．结语 (13)

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