九、翻译技巧(4)删减和否定翻译法

那时打我并且使我挨饿的不只是一个老太婆， 而是老老少少各式各样的人。 (如加上“打我并且使我挨饿”就不能够精
II. Omission in translation
3. It is required that the machine should be maintained at regular intervals.
I. Review and comments on the assignments
11. The crowd melted away. 人群渐渐散开了。 12. As he sat down and began talking， words poured out. 他一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝地讲个没完。 13. Day after day he came to his work--- sweeping, scrubbing, cleaning. 他每天来干活---扫地，攃地板， 收拾房间。 14. First you borrow, then you beg. 头一回借钱， 下一回就讨饭。 15. A new kind of aircraft---small, cheap, pilotless--is attracting increasing attention. 一种新型的飞机正越来越引起人们的注意这种飞机 体积不大，价钱便宜， 无人驾驶。
I. Review and comments on the assignments
22. Yes, I like Chinese food. Lots of people do these days, sort of the fashion. 不错， 我喜欢中国菜。 现在很多人喜欢中国菜， 这种情况 算是有点赶时髦吧！ 23. For mistakes had been made, bad ones. John is your friend as much as he is mine. 因为已经犯了许多错误， 而且还是很糟糕的错误。 24. They have staged demonstrations and sit-ins and distributed petitions which inevitably find their way to foreign correspondents posted in Moscow. 他们举行了示威游行和静坐， 散发了请愿书， 而这些请愿 书必定回传到驻莫斯科的记者手中。 25. The blow hurt not only his hands but his shoulder, too. 这一下不仅震动了他的手，也震动了他的肩膀。 26. And the body lay white and still beneath the pines, all bathed in sunshine and in blood. 这具尸体苍白而安静地躺在松树下， 浴在阳光中， 浴在血
II. Omission in translation
B. 意义或修辞角度上的省略
1. It has been three years since he began to smoke.
他抽烟三年了。
2. Instead of one old woman knocking me about and starving me, everybody of all ages knocked me about and starved me.
13．The precuts produced in our factory are good in quality and low in price.
我们厂的产品物美价廉。 14. Smoking is prohibited in public places. 公共场所不准吸烟。（省略表地点的介词）
I. Review and comments on the assignments
27. They wanted to determine if he complied with the terms of his employment and his obligations as an American. 他们想要确定， 他是否履行了受雇条件， 是否履行了作为 美国公民所应尽的职责。 28. Each country has its own customs. 各国有各国的风俗。 29. You may borrow whichever novel in my bookcase you like best. 我书架上的小说你最爱哪一本， 你就可以借哪一本。 30. Our reception in China, he would tell people, “was enormously gracious and polite”; we were “very businesslike, very precise, no rhetoric on either side.” 他逢人便说，当中国接待我“非常周到，客气极了”；给 我们的待遇“好得不得了”； 会谈“非常务实， 非常明确， 双方都不说空话。”
II. Omission in translation
11．Suddenly, there came a knock at the door.
突然响起了敲门声。（省译介词） 12．I’m warning you for the last time. 我最后一次警告你。（省译介词）
II. Omission in translation
II. Omission in translation ２．The earth is round. 地球是圆的。（省略定冠词）
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３．The flowers are beautiful. 这些花很美。（省略系动词） ４．Early to rise and early to bed makes a man healthy.
II. Omission in translation
8.It was very quiet at the moment.
当时很安静。（省译it） ９．Don’t put your hands in your pocket. 别把手放在口袋里。（省译两个物主代词） 10．Those who are in favour please hold up their hands. 赞成的请举手。（省译指示代词、关系代词 和物主代词）
I. Review and comments on the assignments
16. After all preparations were made, the planes were flown across the U.S. to san Francisco. 一切准备工作就绪以后， 飞机就飞越美国去旧金山。 17. He felt the patriot rise within his breast. 他感到一种爱国热情在胸中激荡。 18. The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him. 原来是老头儿已教会了孩子捕鱼， 所以孩子很爱他。 19. The old man said,” they say his father was a fisherman. Maybe he was as poor as we are.” 老头儿说：“听人说，从前他爸爸是个打鱼的。 他过去也许跟 我们现在一样穷。” 20. Don’t take it seriously. I’m just making fun of you. 不要认真嘛！ 我不过开开玩笑罢了。 21. Once, they had a quarrel. 有一次，他们争吵了一番。
I. Review and comments on the assignments
6.The guard inside the prison had no guns. But those in the towers did. 牢房的狱警并不带枪， 但了望塔内的狱警是带枪的。 7. His arrogance made everyone dislike him. 他的傲慢态度使谁也不喜欢他。 8. Now birth control became a possibility. 现在节制生育已成为一种可行的办法了。 9.They talked about inflation, unemployment and environmental pollution. 他们谈到通货膨胀、失业、环境污染等问题。 10. In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the communiqué. 晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会。观看乒乓球表演之后，他 还得起草最后公报。
A. 语法角度上的省略
１．A camel is much inferior to an elephant in strength.
骆驼的力气远不如大象。（省略不定冠词）
I. Review and comments on the assignments
1. Her room is always kept clean and tidy though she is busy all day. 尽管她整天忙忙碌碌， 她的房间却保持得干干净净，利利落落。 2.The secret is just between you and me. 这秘密只有你我两人知道。 3. “How shall I do it?” --- “Just as you wish.” “这事我怎么办好？” --- “你想怎么办就怎么办。” 4. Either you do it, or we will get somebody who will. 要么你去办， 要么我们就派愿意办的人去办。 5. They would not have done such a thing without government approval. 如果没有政府的同意， 他们是不会做这种事的。
Chapter Nine 第九章：英汉篇章的翻译
L
Omission & Negation
Teaching Procedures
I. Review and comments on the assignments II. Omission III. Negation IV. Practice V. Summary VI. Assignments VII. References for further reading
机器需要定期维修。（意思在汉语中已暗 含，译出反显累赘。） 4. Williams Sidney Porter, who is known under his pen name, O. Henry, is one of the best known writers of America. 威廉.悉尼.波特尔，笔名欧.享利，是美国最 著名的作家之一。
II. Omission in translation • • 1.译文虽无其词而已有其意 • 2.译文中是不言而只喻的 • 3. 汉语中没有冠词，代词，连词，介词用 得也 • 少。 • 4.有时牺牲原句中一些次要的部分，使译 文简 • 洁明了，顺畅自然.
II. Omission in translation
早睡早起使人身体健康。（省略连词and 和 不定冠词a ）
II. Omission in translation
５．As it is late, you’d better go home.
时间不早了，你该回家了。（省译原因的 从属连词as） ６．Metals expand when heated and contract when cooled. 金属热胀冷缩。（省译从属连词when） ７．I won’t go if you are not going. 你不去，我也不去。（省译连词if）