英语演讲的艺术week two
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Delivering Your First Speech
Manner of presentation, vocal inflections, perfectly timed pauses, facial expressions, gestures, etc., all these are part of an expert delivery. It will take you years to practice.
• Begin speaking, maintain strong eye contact with the audience. Help them keep track of your ideas with signposts such as “ My first point is…; second, we can see that…; in conclusion, I would like to say…”. • Best way to be a good impromptu speaker: practice, practice and practice. • Show sample video.
Speaking Impromptu
• Impromptu speech: a speech delivered with little or no immediate preparation. • A class discussion, business meeting, or committee report, respond to a previous speaker. • Pay close attention to what the other speakers say; take notes of major points whit which you agree or disagree. • Formulate what you will say.
• They make you sound happy or sad, angry or pleased, dynamic or listless, tense or relaxed. • Avoid ending all your sentences on the same inflection. Otherwise, it’s monotony. • Vary your pitch patterns to fit the meaning of your words.
Rate 语速
• Rate: the speed at which a person speaks. • Native speakers of English: 120-150 words per minute. • Avoid speaking so slowly that your listeners become bored. • Avoid speaking so quickly that they lose track of your ideas. Note where you should slow down or speed up.
• Not fill in the silence with “um”, “er”, or “well”. These vocalized pauses distract to listeners and damage a speaker’s credibility. • Vocalized pause: a pause that occurs when a speaker fills the silence between words with vocalizations such as “um”, “er”, or “well”.
Respond to a previous speaker, present the speech in four simple steps: 1. State the point you are answering. 2. State the point you wish to make. 3. Support your point with evidence and reasoning. 4. summarize your point.
What Is Good Delivery?
• Convey ideas clearly, interestingly, and not distract the audience. • Combine a certain degree of formality with directness, spontaneity, animation, vocal and facial expressiveness, and a lively sense of communication. • Speech delivery is an art, not a science.
• You can’t become a skilled speaker just by following a set of rules in a textbook. • There’s no substitute for experience. • Plan your first speech, concentrate on such basics as speaking intelligibly, avoiding distracting mannerisms, and establishing eye contact with your listeners.
Remember your own vБайду номын сангаасice sounds louder to you than a listener. Glance at the farthest audience. If they look puzzled, lean forward, or strain to hear, you need to talk louder.
1. Establish eye contact with your listeners; march through the speech with glancing at your audience. 2. Impress them with talking with them. 3. Practice aloud to make sure the speech sounds natural. 4. Be certain the final manuscript is legible at a glance. 5. Reach out to your audience with directness and sincerity.
Pitch 音高
• Pitch: the highness or lowness of a speaker’s voice. • Changes in pitch are called inflections. • They give voice luster, warmth, and vitality. • They reveal whether you ask a question or make a statement, whether you are sincere or sarcastic.
Methods of Delivery
• • • • Reading from a manuscript. Reciting from memory. Speaking impromptu. Speaking extemporaneously.
Reading From a Manuscript
• Manuscript speech: a speech that is written out word for word and read to the audience. • Certain speeches must be delivered word for word, according to a meticulously prepared manuscript, e.g., an engineer’s report, a prime minister. • Skills of delivering a speech from manuscript:
Pauses 停顿
• Pause: a momentary break in the vocal delivery of a speech. • Learning how and when to pause is a major challenge for most speakers. • A keen sense of timing is partly a matter of common sense, partly a matter of experience. • Pause at the end of thought units and not in the middle.
Volume 音量
• Volume: the loudness or softness of a speaker’s voice. • In the past, a powerful voice is essential. • Today, electronic amplification, such as microphone, makes even a soft-spoken voice heard in any setting. • Adjust your voice to the acoustics of the room, the size of the audience, and the level of background noise.
Reciting From Memory
• Recite a memorized text. • Toasts, congratulatory remarks, acceptance speeches, introductions, and the like. Prepared speeches in competitions such as the CCTV Cup and the 21st Century Cup. • Be sure to memorize the speech thoroughly. So you can concentrate on communicating with your audience.
• View a video: Yoga, Uniting Mind, Body, and Spirit.
The Speaker’s Voice
• A golden voice is an asset for any public speaker, but not a necessity. • You can overcome natural disadvantages and use your voice to the best effect. • The aspects of voice: volume, pitch, rate, pauses, variety, pronunciation, and articulation.
Speaking Extemporaneously
• Extemporaneous speech: a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes or a speaking outline to jog the memory. • The exact wording is chosen at the moment of delivery. • Each time you run through your speech, the wording will be slightly different.
Manner of presentation, vocal inflections, perfectly timed pauses, facial expressions, gestures, etc., all these are part of an expert delivery. It will take you years to practice.
• Begin speaking, maintain strong eye contact with the audience. Help them keep track of your ideas with signposts such as “ My first point is…; second, we can see that…; in conclusion, I would like to say…”. • Best way to be a good impromptu speaker: practice, practice and practice. • Show sample video.
Speaking Impromptu
• Impromptu speech: a speech delivered with little or no immediate preparation. • A class discussion, business meeting, or committee report, respond to a previous speaker. • Pay close attention to what the other speakers say; take notes of major points whit which you agree or disagree. • Formulate what you will say.
• They make you sound happy or sad, angry or pleased, dynamic or listless, tense or relaxed. • Avoid ending all your sentences on the same inflection. Otherwise, it’s monotony. • Vary your pitch patterns to fit the meaning of your words.
Rate 语速
• Rate: the speed at which a person speaks. • Native speakers of English: 120-150 words per minute. • Avoid speaking so slowly that your listeners become bored. • Avoid speaking so quickly that they lose track of your ideas. Note where you should slow down or speed up.
• Not fill in the silence with “um”, “er”, or “well”. These vocalized pauses distract to listeners and damage a speaker’s credibility. • Vocalized pause: a pause that occurs when a speaker fills the silence between words with vocalizations such as “um”, “er”, or “well”.
Respond to a previous speaker, present the speech in four simple steps: 1. State the point you are answering. 2. State the point you wish to make. 3. Support your point with evidence and reasoning. 4. summarize your point.
What Is Good Delivery?
• Convey ideas clearly, interestingly, and not distract the audience. • Combine a certain degree of formality with directness, spontaneity, animation, vocal and facial expressiveness, and a lively sense of communication. • Speech delivery is an art, not a science.
• You can’t become a skilled speaker just by following a set of rules in a textbook. • There’s no substitute for experience. • Plan your first speech, concentrate on such basics as speaking intelligibly, avoiding distracting mannerisms, and establishing eye contact with your listeners.
Remember your own vБайду номын сангаасice sounds louder to you than a listener. Glance at the farthest audience. If they look puzzled, lean forward, or strain to hear, you need to talk louder.
1. Establish eye contact with your listeners; march through the speech with glancing at your audience. 2. Impress them with talking with them. 3. Practice aloud to make sure the speech sounds natural. 4. Be certain the final manuscript is legible at a glance. 5. Reach out to your audience with directness and sincerity.
Pitch 音高
• Pitch: the highness or lowness of a speaker’s voice. • Changes in pitch are called inflections. • They give voice luster, warmth, and vitality. • They reveal whether you ask a question or make a statement, whether you are sincere or sarcastic.
Methods of Delivery
• • • • Reading from a manuscript. Reciting from memory. Speaking impromptu. Speaking extemporaneously.
Reading From a Manuscript
• Manuscript speech: a speech that is written out word for word and read to the audience. • Certain speeches must be delivered word for word, according to a meticulously prepared manuscript, e.g., an engineer’s report, a prime minister. • Skills of delivering a speech from manuscript:
Pauses 停顿
• Pause: a momentary break in the vocal delivery of a speech. • Learning how and when to pause is a major challenge for most speakers. • A keen sense of timing is partly a matter of common sense, partly a matter of experience. • Pause at the end of thought units and not in the middle.
Volume 音量
• Volume: the loudness or softness of a speaker’s voice. • In the past, a powerful voice is essential. • Today, electronic amplification, such as microphone, makes even a soft-spoken voice heard in any setting. • Adjust your voice to the acoustics of the room, the size of the audience, and the level of background noise.
Reciting From Memory
• Recite a memorized text. • Toasts, congratulatory remarks, acceptance speeches, introductions, and the like. Prepared speeches in competitions such as the CCTV Cup and the 21st Century Cup. • Be sure to memorize the speech thoroughly. So you can concentrate on communicating with your audience.
• View a video: Yoga, Uniting Mind, Body, and Spirit.
The Speaker’s Voice
• A golden voice is an asset for any public speaker, but not a necessity. • You can overcome natural disadvantages and use your voice to the best effect. • The aspects of voice: volume, pitch, rate, pauses, variety, pronunciation, and articulation.
Speaking Extemporaneously
• Extemporaneous speech: a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes or a speaking outline to jog the memory. • The exact wording is chosen at the moment of delivery. • Each time you run through your speech, the wording will be slightly different.