基于单片机空气质量检测仪设计()_毕设论文

基于单片机空气质量检测仪设计

摘要

随着我国经济的发展，人民生活水平的提高，人们对环境问题及健康问题日益重视，室内空气品质（IAQ）状况受到越来越多的关注。人的一生中有三分之二的时间是在居室内度过的。本文研究的室内便携式智能空气品质监测仪是以室内空气中有毒有害气体的监测监控为背景，是以STC工公司的一款8位超低功耗单片机STC90C51为控制核心，能够实现对室内温度，湿度，VOC气体的实时采集处理、显示、报警等功能。仪器采用锂电池供电，具有良好的便携性和通用性，并且使用LCD1602点阵式液晶屏显示菜单，有良好的人机对话界面。同时设计了声光报警系统，实现在参数超标时及时的报警。室内智能空气品质监测仪体积小，功耗低，操作简单，适合应用于家庭和社区的医疗健康保健，能够实时知道室内空气的质量。

关键词：STC90C51，室内空气品质，LCD显示，温湿度，VOC气体

BASED ON SINGLE CHIP MICROCOMPUTER AIR

QUALITY TESTER DESIGN

ABSTRACT

We paid more attention to the environment and health problems especially, indoor air quality (IAQ) conditions with the development of the national economy and the improvement of people's living standard. In that, about two-thirds of people's life spent in the house. In this paper, Indoor Air Quality Portable Intelligent Monitor which will be studied in this paper, is on the background of toxic and harmful gases, and based on an STC 8-bit working ultra-low power MCU STC90C51 as control core. It can process, display, and alarm the real-time acquisition indoor temperature, humidity, VOC gas and so on.

The instrument is powered by lithium batteries with a good portability and versatility. What’s more, it uses the LCD1602 dot matrix LCD screen to display menu, and has a good interactive interface. At the same time sound and light alarm system is designed to achieve a timely manner when the parameter level exceeds the limit. With the features of small size, low power consumption, operating easily, Indoor Air Quality Portable Intelligent Monitor is suitable for family and community health care for its real-time acquisition of indoor air quality.

KEY WORDS：STC90C51, IAQ, LCD display, Temperature and humidity, VOC gas

目录

前言 (1)

第1章本课题的主要研究内容、方法及总体设计 (3)

§1.1 课题设计的内容 (3)

§1.2课题设计的方法 (3)

第2章空气质量检测仪的硬件设计 (5)

§2.1 空气质量检测仪系统简介 (5)

§2.1.1 系统硬件结构及原理 (5)

§2.2 STC90C51单片机简介 (5)

§2.2.1STC90C51主要性能参数： (6)

§2.2.2时钟电路模块 (7)

§2.2.3复位电路模块 (7)

§2.3传感器的选用 (8)

§2.3.1气体传感器 (8)

§2.3.2温湿度传感器 (10)

§2.4模数转换电路设计 (16)

§2.5声光报警电路设计 (18)

§2.6液晶显示电路设计 (18)

§2.6.1LCD1602的基本参数及引脚功能 (19)

§2.6.2LCD1602的指令说明及时序 (20)

§2.6.31602LCD的RAM地址映射及标准字库表 (23)

§2.6.4LCD1602的一般初始化过程 (24)

§2.7按键电路设计 (25)

§2.8电路电源设计 (25)

§2.9本章小结 (26)

第3章空气质量检测仪的软件设计 (27)

§3.1 系统软件设计思路 (27)

§3.1.1 编程语言的选择 (27)

§3.1.2 软件功能需求 (27)

§3.2软件模块设计 (28)

§3.2.1主程序模块 (28)

§3.2.2AD转换模块 (30)

§3.2.3液晶显示模块 (30)

§3.2.4声光报警模块 (30)

§3.2.5按键模块 (30)

§3.3本章小结 (31)

第4章仿真调试 (32)

§4.1系统硬件调试 (32)

§4.1.1 常见的硬件故障 (32)

§4.1.2硬件调试方法 (32)

§4.2 系统软件调试 (33)

§4.3本章小结 (34)

结论 (35)

§1主要结论 (35)

§2展望 (35)

参考文献 (37)

致谢 (38)

附录 (39)

附录一 (39)

附录二 (40)