俄国十月革命英文版PPT

Russia and World War I
Russia declares war on AustriaHungary
War becomes unpopular Rationing leads to starvation Nicholas II leaves St. Petersburg to war
control lead by Alexander KeБайду номын сангаасesnky Provisional government unpopular
after decision to stay in WWI
October (Bolshevik) Revolution1917
Lead by VI Lenin “Peace, Land, and Bread” Won support of people (especially
front
Rasputin
Rasputin with Admirers
March Revolution (1917)
1917- protests spread through St. Petersburg and the Royal palace is taken over.
Czar abdicates Provisional government (Duma) takes
1920- Reds defeat Whites
Rule of Lenin 1920-1924
Economic Reforms included the New Economic Plan (NEP) -moderate mix of capitalism and socialism
Political Reforms -Bolshevik party became Communist Party -Russia becomes the United Soviet Socialist Republics
Organized Violence
Uses force to crush opposition
Stalin’s Totalitarian State
State Control of the Economy
5 year plan, collective farms
Police Terror
• Killed by the Revolutionary Group: The People’s Will
Czar Alexander III
• Alexander III's reign was during an industrial revolution in Russia .
• His reign was harsh, against revolutionaries and other liberal movements.
Russian Revolution
Opening Focus Assignments
1/9 “Faults of WWI Peace Treaty” 1/10 “WWI and changing values” 1/11 “Views of the War” 1/14 “Lost Generation” 1/15 “Dawes Plan” 1/18 “Path to Revolution”
Lenin Dies Power Vaccuum Leon Trotsky vs. Joseph Stalin Stalin takes control Now must decide how he will maintain
power Decides to create a totalitarian state
Business, Family Life, Labor, youth groups, housing, religion, education, the arts
State Control Over the Individual
Obedience Denies basic liberties
Characteristics of a Totalitarian State
Dictatorship- Absolute Authority Dynamic Leader- Vision for the nation State Control Over All Sectors of Society
Czar Nicholas II (1894) Last Czar of Russia
Nicholas II was a harsh and weak ruler The Russian economy was bankrupt because
of the Russo-Japanese War and WWI Russia’s entry into WWI became very unpopular.
Communism
A Form of Socialism
Central Planning of the Economy by the State
Gov’t (Communist Party) makes decisions on individual jobs and pay
1924
peasants)
1918
1918 March The Bolsheviks accept the peace of Brest-Litovsk, ending WWI with Germany.
1919-1920
1919 White Armies (Royal and Menshevik troops) attack the Reds (Bolsheviks) from all directions.
Czar Alexander II
• He implemented important reforms, notably the abolition of serfdom,
• In 1867, he sold Alaska and the Aleutian Islands to the United States.
Great Purge, crush opposition
Religious Persecution
Control of the individual
Propaganda (socialist realism)
Molding peoples minds
Education
Controlled by the government
Tsar's power A strong secret police which terrorized
the people.
Royal Background Nicholas II
• Created the first secret police in Russia, brutal leader, response to revolt of army officers in 1825
Czar Nicholas II and Family
Russo-Japanese War (1904)
Dispute over Manchuria with Japan
Shook national confidence in their progress and rule of Czar.
Bloody Sunday (1905)
Russian Government Before Revolution
Monarchy: The Czar (Tsar) Until 1905 the Tsar's powers were
unlimited. Russia had no constitution, no political party system to check the