中国传统文化词汇翻译hh

口译分类词汇——中国文化
口译分类词汇——中国文化
概述General Terms
爱国主义精神patriotism
诚实守信honesty
公民道德建设实施纲要The Program for Improving Civic Morality
集体主义collectivism
弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化highlight the central theme of the times while encouraging diversity
全民健身运动nationwide fitness campaign
社会公德，职业道德和家庭美德教育
education in social and professional ethics and family virtues
为人民服务serving the people
深入群众，深入生活go deep among the masses and into the thick of life
奉献无愧于时代的作品contribute to the people works worthy of the times
中华文明博大精深，源远流长
The Chinese civilization is extensive and profound , and has a long history
重要文化遗产major cultural heritage
优秀民间艺术outstanding folk arts
自立于世界民族之林stand proudly in the family of nations
艺术及工艺Arts and Crafts
版画engraving
贝雕画shell carving picture
彩塑painted sculpture
瓷器porcelain; china
刺绣embroidery
雕刻carving
宫灯palace lantern
国画Chinese painting
剪纸paper-cut
景德镇瓷Jingdezhen porcelain
景泰蓝cloisonné enamel
蜡染batik
卖秸画straw patchwork
木/石/竹刻wood/stone/bamboo carving
木刻画wood engraving 泥人儿clay figure
皮影shadow puppet
漆画lacquer painting
漆器lacquer ware
双面绣two-sided embroidery
水墨画Chinese brush drawing ; ink and wash painting
檀香扇sandalwood fan
唐三彩Tang tri-colored pottery
陶器pottery ; earthenware
图章seal
拓碑making rubbings from inscriptions , pictures , etc . on stone tablets
拓片rubbing
微雕miniature engraving
象牙雕刻ivory carving
宜兴陶Yixing pottery
篆刻seal cutting
戏剧表演Theatrical Performances
京剧人物脸谱types of facial makeup in Beijing opera
生male characters
末middle-aged male characters
净“painted face” characters
旦female characters
丑clown
京剧票友amateur performer of Peking Opera
木偶戏puppet show
独角戏monodrama; one-man play
皮影戏shadow play ; leather-silhouette show
折子戏opera highlights
戏剧小品skit
哑剧dumb show ; mime ; mummery ; pantomime
单口相声monologue comic talk
双口相声witty dialogue
口技vocal imitations ; ventriloquism
说书monologue story-telling
杂技acrobatic performance
叠罗汉making a human pyramid
特技stunt
睬高跷stilt walk
马戏circus performances
神话人物Mythological Figures
八仙the Eight Immortals
嫦娥hang’s ( the Chinese moon goddess)
伏羲Fu Xi (God of Fishery and Husbandry) 福禄寿三星the three gods of fortune , prosperity and longevity
共工God of Water
后羿Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns ) 黄帝Yellow Emperor
夸父Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant )
女娲Goddess of Sky-patching
盘古Pan Gu (creator of the universe )
神农Patron of Agriculture
禹Yu ( the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty )
祝融God of Fire
古代建筑Ancient Architecture
塔pagoda
琉璃塔glazed stupa
舍利塔 dagoba ; sarira stupa ( a pagoda for Buddhist relics )
舍利子sarira remains from cremation of Buddha’s of saints’ body
喇叭塔Lamaist pagoda
楼storied buildings
钟楼bell tower
鼓楼drum tower
阁pavilion
烽火台beacon tower
华表ornamental column
牌坊memorial archway
传统节日Traditional Festivals
拜年paying a New Year call
爆竹firecracker
鞭炮 a string of small firecrackers
除夕New Year’s Eve
春节Spring Festival
春联Spring Festival couplets (conveying best wishes for the year )
辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new ; ring out the old year and ring in the new
大扫除year-end household cleaning
灯谜lantern riddles
登高hill climbing
端午节Dragon Boat Festival
恭喜发财May you be prosperous! / Wish you all the best !
观灯viewing the lanterns
贺年片New Year film
饺子dumplings (with meat and vegetable stuffing )
龙灯舞dragon lantern dance
庙会temple fair
年画New Year picture
年夜饭family reunion dinner on Lunar New Year’s Eve
清明节Tomb-sweeping Festival
扫墓paying respect to the dead
赏菊enjoying chrysanthemum
赏月enjoying the full moon
狮子舞lion dance
压岁钱money given to children as a Lunar New Year gift
秧歌舞yangge dance
元宵sweet rice-flour dumplings (eaten on the Lantern Festival )
元宵节Lantern Festival
月饼moon cake
植树节Tree-planting Day
中秋节Mid-autumn Festival
重阳节Double Ninth Festival
粽子 a pyramid-shaped dumpling made of glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves
烹饪Culinary Arts
美食节gourmet festival
中餐烹饪Chinese cuisine
色，香，味俱全perfect combination of color , aroma , taste and appearance
四大菜系：山东菜，四川菜，粤菜，扬州菜
four major Chinese cuisines: Shandong cuisine , Sichuan cuisine , Canton cuisine and Yangzhou
cuisine
南淡北咸，东甜西辣the light southern cuisine , and the salty northern cuisine ;the sweet eastern cuisine , and the spicy western cuisine
八宝菜eight-treasure pickles ( assorted walnut meats , asparagus , lettuce , almonds , cucumber and peanuts , etc . pickled in soy sauce )
八宝饭eight-treasure rice pudding (glutinous rice steamed with preserved fruits , sweetened bean paste , lotus seeds , longan , etc.)
白斩鸡tender boiled chicken (made by boiling a whole chicken in water and cutting into cubes , then dipping into seasonings )
臭豆腐odd-odour bean curb
粉蒸肉pork streamed with rice flour
风味小吃local delicacy
腐竹rolls of dried bean milk cream
冷盘hors d’oeuvres
萨其马Manchu candied fritter cut in squares
刀切，火候Cutting and Slicing Techniques , Heat Control
切片slicing
切条cutting to strips
切丝shredding
切柳filleting
切丁dicing
切碎mincing
磨碎grinding
大/旺/武火strong heat
中火medium heat
小/微/文火gentle heat
烹饪方法Cooking Techniques
煎pan-frying
炒stir-frying
爆quick-frying
炸deep-frying
烩stewing
熏smoking
煨simmering
煮boiling
烘baking
烤roasting
蒸steaming
红烧braising (with soy sauce )
涮羊肉dip-boiled mutton slices
羊肉串小摊mutton barbecue stall
宗教Religions
佛教Buddhism
释迦牟尼Sakyamuni
佛寺Buddhist temple
大雄宝殿the Great Buddha’s Hall
藏经楼depositary of Buddhist texts
金刚经Vajracchedika-sutra
素菜馆vegetarian restaurant
罗汉堂arhat hall
观音Guanyin; Goddess of Mercy; Avalokitesvara
地藏God of Earth
四大金刚Four Heavenly Guardians (at the entrance to a Buddhism temple);Four Devarajas
四大天王Four Heavenly Kings
因果报应karma
藏传佛教Lamaism
大藏经Tripitaka
转世灵童reincarnated soul boy
喇嘛庙lamasery
道教Taoism
道观Taoist temple
道士Taoist priest
关帝庙temple of Lord Guan 儒教Confucianism
孔子庙Confucian temple
孔子Confucius
义，礼，智，信，忠，恕，孝，悌
rightness, propriety , wisdom , trustworthiness , loyalty , reciprocity ,filial piety , brotherly love
学儿优则仕 A good scholar can become an official ./ He who excels in study can follow an official career .
禅宗Zen Buddhism
不立别传，不立文字，直指人心，见性成佛。

There belief is passed on outside the religion
There is no reliance on written scripts
It goes straight into people’s minds .
One becomes a Buddha the moment
He sees his own Buddha nature .
伊斯兰教Islam
清真寺mosques
古兰经the Koran
耶稣教Christianity
耶稣基督Jesus Christ
洗礼baptism
天主教Catholicism
天主教堂Catholic church
古代典籍Famous Ancient Books
《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals 《史记》Historical Records
《诗经》The Book of Songs
《书经》The Book of History
《易经》The Book of Changes
《礼记》The Book of Rites
四书：The Four Books:
《大学》The Great Learning
《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean
《论语》The Analects of Confucius
《孟子》The Mencius
《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers
《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica 《资治通鉴》History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers
《西厢记》The Romance of West Chamber
《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms
《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes ; Water Margins
《西游记》Pilgrimage to the West
《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions ; The story of the Stone
《聊斋志异》Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio 六艺：礼，乐，射，御，书，数
six classical arts: rites , music , archery , riding , writing , arithmetic
朦胧诗misty poetry
三字经three-character scripture 武侠小说tales of roving knights; martial arts novel ; a kung fu novel
言情小说romantic fiction ; sentimental novel
八股文eight-part essay ; stereotyped writing
五言绝句five-character quatrain
七言律诗seven-character octave
四大发明
中国传统文化
一、“传统节日”单词预热vocabulary work
烹调cooking cuisine
鱼肉满架well stocked with fish and meat
象征意义symbolic significance
农历lunar calendar
阳历solar calendar
端午节Dragon Boat Festival
元宵节Lantern Festival
清明节Pure Brightness Day
重阳节Double Ninth Day
放逐be exiled
忠臣loyal minister
糯米粽子glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves
祭祀亡灵in memory of sb.
龙舟比赛dragon boat races
中秋节Mid Autumn Festival
满月full moon
月饼moon cake 蜜饯preserved fruits
豆沙bean paste
蛋黄egg yolk
海鲜seafood
家禽poultry
饺子dumplings
八宝饭eight treasure rice
米羹rice balls
油条fried sticks
麻花fried twisted stick
炒面Chaomian
叉烧包steamed bun with roast pork
粥porridge
芋头taro
葱油饼pan-fried cake with sesame seeds and green onion
有关春节的常用词
放鞭炮let off firecrackers
耍龙灯play the dragon lantern
耍狮子play the lion dance
拜年pay a new-year call
中国的传统节庆膳食除了在数量和质量上与平时有所不同之外，一些历史悠久、具有象征意义的食物也是节日必不可缺的伴侣。

Traditional holiday meals are different from everyday meals in terms of quantity and quality. In addition, some foods with a long history and symbolic significance are indispensable on these occasions.
例如，我国的端午节是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。

那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子。

For example, on the Dragon Boat Festival, a day set aside in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan, people will hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, a kind of glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves.
中秋节是观赏满月的日子。

圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。

因此，中秋节的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。

The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon. The round moon is a symbol for completeness, and family reunion. The special food of the day is the yuebing, a round moon cake.
春节是中国的农历新年，除了常见的海鲜、家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制传统菜肴，如饺子和年糕。

The Spring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday. In addition to the popular seafood, poultry and meat, people will prepare traditional food, for example, jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, and niangao, or the year cake according to their regional custom.
翻译考试常考词汇13—中国文化II
opera highlights 折子戏
stilt walk 踩高跷
pantomime; mime 哑剧
pantomimist 哑剧演员
skit 戏剧小品
monologue comic talk, standup comedy 单口相
声
stunt 特技表演
witty dialogue comedy, comic cross talk 相声the traditional story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment 京韵大鼓
shaanxi opera 秦腔
sealcutting 篆刻
characters cut in intaglio 阴文
characters cut in relief 阳文
seal 图章
graver 刻刀
making rubbings from stone inscriptions 拓碑
rubbing 拓片
workmanship/craftsmanship 工艺，手艺
handicraft 手工艺品
wood carving 木雕
boxwood craft 黄杨木雕
carved lacquerware 雕漆
stone carving 石雕
miniature engraving 微雕
ivory carving 象牙雕
bamboo engraving 竹雕
shell carving 贝雕
ice sculpture 冰雕
painted sculpture 彩塑
enamel 瓷釉
embroidery 刺绣
scroll 卷轴
batik 蜡染
clay figure 泥人
lacquer painting 漆画
lacquer ware 漆器
celadon 青瓷色
two-sided embroidery 双面绣
landscape/ink painting 水墨画
Suzhou embroidery 苏绣
sandalwood fan 檀香扇
trio-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty
唐三彩
pottery 陶器
Ceramics 制陶业
the four stationery treasures of the Chinese study —a writing brush, an ink stick, an ink stone and
paper 文房四宝
inkslab engraving 砚刻
Yixing pottery 宜兴陶
folding fan 折扇
Wickerwork 枝编工艺
tapestry 织锦，挂毯
papier mache 纸工艺品
Chinese painting 中国画
folklores 民间传说
fable 寓言
legend 传说
mythology 神话
God of Heaven 玉皇大帝
the Eight Immortals 八仙
Chang’e, the Chinese moon goddess 嫦娥
Fu Xi, God of Fishery and Husbandry 伏羲
god of fortune, god of prosperity, and god of
longevity 福禄寿三星
god of fortune 财神
god of the kitchen 灶神
Gonggong, God of Water 公神
Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns)
后羿
Yellow Emperor 黄帝
Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant ) 夸父Nuwa: a goddess who patches up the sky 女娲Pan Gu, creator of the universe 盘古
Patron of Agriculture 神农
Yu, the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty 禹
Zhurong, God of Fire 祝融
make the past serve the present and the foreign serve China 古为今用，洋为中用
inscribe a poem 赋诗
matching an antithetical couplet 对对联
solar calendar 阳历
gregorian calendar 公历
lunar calendar 阴历
heavenly stem 天干
earthly branch 地支
leap year 闰年
the twenty-four solar terms 二十四节气
zodiac 十二生肖
rat 鼠
ox 牛
tiger 虎
hare 兔
dragon 龙
snake 蛇
horse 马
sheep 羊
monkey 猴
rooster 鸡
dog 狗
pig 猪
year of monkey 猴年
one’s year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches 本命年
traditional holidays 传统节日
Spring Festival 春节
pay a New Year visit 拜年
firecracker 鞭炮，爆竹
Eve of Chinese New Year 除夕
Spring couplets 春联
ring out the old year and ring in the new 辞旧迎
新
Jiaozi, boiled dumpling 饺子
pot sticker 锅贴
temple fair 庙会
ring out the old year 鸣钟辞旧岁
(traditional) New Year pictures 年画
the Eve Feast; family reunion dinner on Lunar
New Year’s Eve 年夜饭
year-end household cleaning 年终大扫除
stay up late on the New Year’s Eve 守岁
family reunion dinner 团圆饭
New Year gift-money; money given to children as
a New Year gift 压岁钱
dragon dance 舞龙
Lantern Festival (15th day of the first lunar month)
元宵节
sweet sticky rice dumplings 元宵
festival lantern 花灯
lantern riddle 灯谜
lion dance 狮子舞
stilt walking 踩高跷
Pure Brightness Festival/Tomb-sweeping Day
(April the 5th) 清明节
sweep tomb sites of loved ones 扫墓
offer sacrifices to the ancestors 祭祖
go for an outing in spring 踏青
dragon Boat Festival (5th of the fifth lunar month)
端午节
dragon boat race 赛龙舟
zongzi (pyramid-shaped dumpling made by glutinous rice wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves)
粽子
Departed soul 亡灵
loyal minister 忠臣
Quyuan the poet 诗人屈原
Moon Festival/Mid- Autumn Day (15th of eighth
lhunar month) 中秋节
mooncake 月饼
appreciate the glorious full moon 赏月
reunion 团圆
sweet osmanthus 桂花
Double Ninth Day/the Aged Day 重阳节
admire the beauty of chrysanthemum 赏菊
climb mountain 登高
TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) 中药
First Emperor, Emperor Chin 秦始皇帝
empress dowager 皇太后
founder of the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD) 汉
高祖刘邦
Genghis Khan; Temujin 成吉思汗
gifted scholars and beautiful ladies 才子佳人cradle of civilization 文明摇篮
Xia Dynasty 夏朝
(of) Ming and Qing dynasties 明清两代
Chinese civilization 中华文明
Sichuan, Szechwan, Szechuan 四川
Shaanxi 陕西
Research Center for Ancient Civilizations 古文
明研究中心
Chinese and overseas scholars 中外学者
archaeologists 考古学家
anthropologist 人类学家
historian 历史学家
Chinese to English：1. 玉器是光辉灿烂的中华民族历史文化宝库中一枝异彩独放的奇葩。

中国玉器在新石器时代的河姆渡文化时期就开始出现。

7000年来一直延续不断，发展至今。

玉器在北欧、西欧、贝加尔湖等地的原始社会时期，以及南北美洲的印第安人和新西兰的毛里人都有制作，但都延续时间不长，无法与中国的玉器相提并论。

悠久的制作历史，精湛的制作工艺，典雅的造型，绚丽的色彩，形成了中国玉器突出的民族特色。

Jade article is an exotic flower in Chinese brilliant historical culture. Chinese jade article have emerged since Neolithic Hemudu period 7000 years ago. Jade articles started to be manufactured in primitive Northern Europe, Western Europe and Baikal Lake, by Indian in Northern American and Maori in New Zealand. But those jade articles did not last long and can not be compared with those in China. Chinese jade article distinguished its ethnic features in long manufacture history, exquisite craftsmanship, elegant modeling and gorgeous colors.
2. “福”字表示好运，人们通常把它写在一张方形纸上，并倒着贴。

因为在普通话里“倒”和“到”是同音字。

因此倒贴的“福”字象征着春天和繁荣昌盛的到来。

福means good luck in Chinese, people usually write it on a square tree up side down. since in Chinese 到and 倒are homophones, and 倒means upside down, 到means coming, the upside down 福means the spring and prosperity is coming.
4. 常用语：
太学：the imperial college
《论语》Analects of Confucius
大乘佛教：Mahayana
五经（《诗经》，《尚书》，《易经》，《春秋》，《礼记》）：
the Five Classics : the Book of songs ,the Book of History, the Book of Changes , Spring and Autumn Annals, the Book of Rites
辛亥革命the Revolution of 1911
窗花paper-cut for window decoration
春联：spring festival scrolls
祭灶王爷the kitchen god
玉皇大帝：the Jade Emperor
财神爷：the God of Wealth
舞龙舞狮：dragon dance lion dance。