英语虚拟语气

Jim’s mother agreed:”If my son _h_a_d_g_o_t_u_p__(get up) half an hour earlier, he _w_o_u_l_d_n_’t_h_a_v_e_r_i_d_d_en__ (not ride) his bike so crazily.”Jim’s mother blamed Jim in front of the doctor,”If he __h_ad__ _f_o_ll_o_w_e_d_(follow) advice and gone to bed earlier ,he _c_o_u_l_d_h_a_v_e_s_p_e_n_t (spend) more time on his way to school and he __w_o_u_ld_’_t_h_a_v_e_h_i_t _(not hit)a tree by the street.”
“Yes, indeed, Mum”answered Jim in a low voice. “ But you know if I _h_a_d_n_’t__n_o_ti_c_ed__(not notice) the little girl crossing the street all of a sudden, I_w_o_u_l_d_h_a_v_e_k_n_o_c_k_e_d( knock) her down. My leg_w_o_u_l_d_’h_a_v_e__b_ee_n__in_j_u_re_d_ (not injure),and instead of me the girl _w_o_u_l_d_h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n_t_a_k_e_n(take)to hospital.
1. 如果过去天气好的话，现在庄稼长得更好了．
If the weather ____h__a_d__b_e__efniner, the crops ___w_o__u_l_d__b_e__g_r_o_w__i_n_g___still better.
2.如果你听了老师的建议的话，你现在就不会在医 院里了．
A. listened
B. had listened
C. should listen D. would listen
4. Tom suggested that Ann __A_ the house.
A. sell
B. sold
C. shall sell
D. would sell
5. I wish this bus __B_ to the university.
now,”said the dying heroin addict.
A.didn’t start
B.haven’t started
C.hadn’t started
D.shouldn’t start
解析 考查虚拟语气。此题是一个混合虚拟语气
句，从句是对过去事情的虚拟，应用过去完成
时，主句指说话时可能产生的结果。
the Subjunctive Mood.
Jim has just had an operation on his leg. He was told he would have to stay in bed for at least three months. Now he regrets what he did: The accident would not have happened if he had not been so foolish. He wouldn’t have woken up (not wake up) so late that morning if he _h_a_d_n_’t_s_t_a_ye_d__u_p_ (not stay up) late the night before playing computer games.
wish引导的虚拟句
I wish I __w__e_r_e_(be) as tall as you.
I wish/wished I __h_a_d_n_’_t_e_a_te_n_( eat ) so much watermelon yesterday.
I wish it would rain tomorrow.
you to go there to help their work.
虚拟语气
More Exercises
1. Alan _A__ the party if he had gone to London.
2. A. would have missed B. had missed
3. C. would miss
4. 明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。(与 将来事实可能相反)
5. 3. If I were you, I would go at once. 6. 假如我是你的话，我会马上走。(与现
在事实相反，事实上我不可能是你)
虚拟语气可以主表从示过句去，的现谓在和语将形来的式情况，时态的
基本特点是时态往后推移。 “后退一步法”
2. Jack wishes that he __A___ business instead
of history when he was in university. a. had studied b. study c. studied d. had been studying
if引导的虚拟条件句
How I wish he had not left.
要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）
Байду номын сангаас
I wish it would rain tomorrow.
1.Sometimes I wish I __B___ in a different time
and a different place. a. be living b. were living c. would live d. would have lived
7. He is talking so much about America as if he __A_ there. A. had been B. were C. was D. been
8. I ___B you some money, but I hadn’t got any then. A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lent
想得到而得不到的 东西
后悔的事
想做而不能做的 事情
虚拟语气
表示说话人的主观愿望和假设、猜 测、建议、可能或空想等。
If there were no gravity, we should not be able to walk.（事实上重力客观存在） I wish I knew French. (事实上“我”不 懂法语) He suggested that we (should) come another day. (建议)
would/could/should /might + V.(原)
混合条件句 错综时间的虚拟句
有时，主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，主句从句 谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这种条件 句叫做混合条件句。
如果你昨天问过他，今天就知道做什么了。
（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）
If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.
A. go
B. went
C. has gone
D. had gone
6. Simon looks as though he never _C__ a square meal(吃得饱), though his parents feed him very well. A. get B. getting C. got D. should get
If you __h_a_d__f_o_l_l_o_w__e_d_ the teacher’s advice, you _______w__o_u__ld__ni’nt tbhe hospital.
3. 如果你身体状况好一些的话，我们本可能会让
你去帮助他们工作的． could have allowed If you werein better health,we _________
11. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ＿＿C ＿＿.
A. breaks
B. has broken
C. were broken D. had been broken
Practice Finish a writing passage, according to the Chinese given.
wish + that How I wish If only
did/were 现在 had done 过去
would / might /could do 将来
我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）
I wish I remembered the address. 要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）
可惜我没有时间。
虚拟语气在 在if 条件从句中 [例句]
1. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.
2. 要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他 了。(与过去事实相反)
3. 2. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you.
Jim刚刚做完左腿手术而被告诉一个月不能走 动。他后悔如果前一天晚上没有玩电脑游戏，今 天早晨就可以早点儿起床，也就不会因为怕迟到
而撞倒致使自己住院了。妈妈也因为儿子没有按
时睡觉而在责备他。同时Jim也在遗憾下周的运动
会不能参加了，预想的400米冠军也不能得到了。
Practice
Complete the following passage with the verbs in brackets,using
条件句
Tell the difference
表示允诺，应该 会有时间
If I have time , I will help you with this work. 表示遗憾，肯 定没有时间
If I had time , I would help you with this work.
如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。
9. – Have you ever been to Beijing? -- No, but I wish I _D__. A. have B. will C. do D. had
10. I don’t think it is the right time that you B__. A. will go B. went C. go D. must go
生活中的例子
If I could / were to IfHIvohiwsaitdIswsotimushdeieIfodcorheuailgdrnder, I ccohouaunvldteriheaasbv,eeIaweunotriufouldlllebdein
a bveehttroeyur hsuaenp!ivpeyr.sity.
时间 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式
现在 过去 将来
did / were
would/could/should /might +V.(原)
had done
would/could/should/ might+have+p.p.
1. did / were 2. should do 3. were to do
D. missed
4. 2. If I had known you were coming,DI ___ you at the airport.
5. A. had met
B. met
6. C. would meet met
D. would have
虚拟语气
3. If only I _B__ to my parents! (But I didn’t.)
如果昨晚下过雨，今天就会很冷了。 If it had rained last night（过去）, it would
be very cold today （现在）.
9.(2009·日照二次调研)“If I C taking
drugs,I would be a successful businessman