滑坡经典实例分析

Calgary Oil & Gas Fields
Frank Landslide
Mt. St. Helens Volcano
Mt. Rainier Volcano
Mt. St. Helens Volcano
Mt. Rainier Volcano
Turtle Mountain
The 1903 Frank Slide on Turtle Mountain
time required for a complete vacation of the slide scar. • They are the vertical component of the velocity vector
A BBiblioteka Baidu
A
B A
B
Velocities along the profile. The simulation results are presented against the velocities calculated by the video for the dusty front.
Initial velocities
• An attempt to evaluate the velocity during the initial detachment and acceleration has been performed on the timed photos for several points at the limits of the detached mass.
滑坡经典实例分析
1980年5月18日，美国 St. Helens 火山喷发 造成了上部396 m 高山体崩滑
PHOTOGRAPH BY CORBIS CORPORATION.
3百万立方米破碎 岩体运移了27 km 直到 Columbia 河
300 m
1994年照
27 km 长滑移距离
a = tan–1[(2550-300)/27000] a = 4.8
2004年9月18意大利中部Alps山 地下喷出高压将山坡岩体抛出远移
Thurwieser Rock Avalanching
• Few rock avalanches have been witnessed and no exact real time description is available.
“Photos and short description of a large rockfall in the south rock wall of Punta Thurwieser - 3657 m
They belong to the very rare authentic documents of geological events
• The landslide travelled over 2.9 km from its source partially in a glacial environment.
• The initial failure and the time for the complete evacuation of the source area were studied and assessed by a series of photos.
• This is the first case ever of a natural rock avalanche being recorded on video, and for which an almost exact value of the total time duration, from initial detachment to final deposition, is available.
2550 m
St. Helens火山喷发 高压气体将山坡体快速顶抬、滑离再抛出
Cordilleran Geosyncline for
deep & large faults, rock mountains, earthquake, volcanos & gas
fields
Rocky Mountains
Time 13:42:23: Widening of the fissure in the upper part of the pillar, in the middle and at the bottom of the detached block greater clouds of dust appeared
• The mean front velocities along the path have been estimated from the video.
• Flow velocities on the path segment underlain by glacial deposits are up to 55–65 m/s
• The velocities stay almost stationary around 1 m/s for the initial 10 s, and then they
• grow exponentially. • The mass accelerates up to 17–18 m/s by the
reshaping the current topography of the Alps.”
Time 13:41:52: A block of rock was detached from the surrounding massif of Punta Thurwieser along a fissure.
• The 2.5 M m3 Punta Thurwieser rock avalanche (September 2004, Italian Central Alps) is a unique event for which many quantitative observations have been gathered.