通用学术英语词汇集

《通用学术英语》学术词汇集锦
P88-93学术词汇
Academic discipline 学科p. 88
Application 应用p. 89
Be characterized by 以…为特征，的特征是… p. 89
Various forms of 各种形式p. 89 different
Generate 产生produce p. 89
Bias =prejudice 偏见p. 89
Transferring move from one place to another转移p. 89
Notion=term=concept p. 90
Domains 域p. 90
(Directly) perceive(d) 察觉，理解，认知p. 90
For the sake of (argument) 为了便于讨论p. 90
Be composed of be made up of p. 90
Conceive 构思想象p. 90 imagine
Perceive—perception, our perception of reality 我们对现实的认识p. 90 Rummage ←search unsystematically and untidily through a mass p. 90 RAM—random access memory随机存取储存器p. 91
Dormant 静止的，休眠的←not active or growing but able to become active p. 91 Obtain ←get, p. 92获取
Apprehend←understand p. 92 理解
Cultivate←develop a particular quality or image, to plant 92 培育，培养p. 92 Persistence←determination 坚持，执意p. 92
Scrutiny ←examination 审视，仔细检查p. 92
Tangible –intangible 有形-无形；触摸-不可触摸p. 92
Enumerate ←to name, to list列举p. 92
P. 94-96 Reading Text 1
Practically ←nearly
Retrieve—retrieval, to bring or get something back
Access ← use, reach，obtain 成功获取
Comprehend← understand理解
Perish ←die
Retain ←keep 持有，保留
Subsequently ←later 接着
Realm ←area领域
Enhance←increase or improve
Paradigm ←a typical example范例范畴
Principal ←main 主要的
Interdisciplinary跨学科的，多学科的
Encode—storage-retrieval/recall 编码，储存，取回/回忆
Intend ←want, plan
Accurate—inaccurate
Generally accepted 普遍接受
Identify ←find, recognize
Initial ←first
Momentary: lasting for a very short time
Linger: continue to exist
Briefly
Persistence—persist 存留，保持
Less thoroughly studied 研究不太深入
Conduct ←do
Erase: remove something completely
Vanish←disappear
Estimate←guess
Proportion ←part
Is believed to rely mostly on
Generally broken down into/ generally have
By contrast
Attempt to
Capture
p. 99-100 Text 2
arguably可以说
well-elaborated 详尽的
empirically supported实证支持的，得到经验事实的证实component←part
in concert （保持）一致
approximately←about
prior to ←before
currently←now
accomplish←finish
deem←believe
typically
consequently←as a result, therefore
permanently←forever
perform a task
by contrast
expound←explain
considerably←much, a lot
reason from 根据…进行推论
transfer from…
accrue: gradually increases over a period of time
account for ←explain account-explanation
vanishingly：so as to disappear or approach zero难以察觉的，趋于零的
Unit 5
P. 116
Detection ← detect
Markedly decline = significantly decline显著下降
Substantial losses 实质损失
Consequent-consequently
Generally
Remnant—a small piece or amount of something that is left
Fragment—break into small pieces or parts
In the light of 鉴于
Crucial← important
Generally provided
Obtain←get
Assessment –assess compare with access
Consequences
Exclusion—exclude
Model-to create a copy of an activity
Indicator—indicate
Stability –stable
Solely—only
Validate-to prove that sth. Is true
Surrogates替代
Delineate←describe
Utilization-the act of using
Markedly improve
Suboptimal-not optimal
Being prone to←tend to, be likely to
p.118
characteristic feature=distinctive feature
with respect to 关于(formal) concerning something e.g. With respect to your inquiry, I enclose an explanatory leaflet. Parents often have little choice with respect to the way their
child is medically treated.
In relation to 与,..有关
Their story also points out the importance of considering cost in relation to value.
他们的案例也表明了价值和成本的关系的重要性。

Frame of reference 参照系；坐标系统
Reference to 提及←refer to
Cyclic wing beat—cycles of wing beat--wing beat cycles
Experimentally controlled changes ←noun phrase
Stereotypic—stereotype 陈规旧习，固定的形式
Aspect-- a particular part or feature of a situation, an idea, a problem; e.g. The most important
aspect of the debate
Detailed analysis
The existence of unsteady effects-- nominalization
P. 121 Wetlands
ecosystem 生态系统eco- eco-friendly环保的
scheme--a plan or system for doing or organizing sth 计划；方案；体系；体制
multitude<-- many
stabilize--to make sth. stable
ameliorate--to make something better 改善
cleanse --to make something completely clean
* aquifer 净水层
biodiversity the variety of plants and animals in a particular place
生物多样性e.g. the biodiversity of the rainforest
** flora and fauna 植物群和动物群
The values of sth. are now recognized worldwide...
conservation --conserve
**drain, ditch and fill 排水、开沟、填充
undertake-undertaken <-- start doing carry out 从事、承担
cause celebre --an incident that attracts great public attention轰动或重要的事件
dismantle<-- take sth apart 拆卸
aspire (to sth or to do sth.) to have a strong desire to achieve or to become sth 渴望（成就）；有志（成为
p. 125-127 The value of wetlands: importance of scale and landscape setting
abstruse <--complicated, difficult
perceive--perception 察觉到，察觉
optimize --to make sth. as good as it can be充分利用
at the expense of 以...为代价
accrue to 归于gradually increase over a period of time 逐渐产生，积累
at large整个的，逍遥法外的
work in concert协调一致
compensation补偿
controversial--causing a lot of angry public discussion and disagreement
scarcity --scarce 贫乏, not enough
conversion-convert <-- change 比较converse，conservation, conserve,
alternative-alternate---a thing that you can choose to do or have out of two or more possibilities unsustainable –sustain 维持maintain/support
deplete 耗尽←use up
irreversible =not reversible --that cannot be changed back to what it was before
assign 分配<--to give
estimates n.
attribute n. <--quality, feature attribute v. 把…归因于；认为…是
subsistence 生存，存在
intact完整的，未受损伤的←not damaged, not spoiled
ascribe 归因于
Unit 7
p.178
neglect=ignore—do not pay attention to
profile=write about
scant=not enough
noteworthy=worthy of notice
provide an excellent overview of
relate to
is relevant to
primary emphasis
Reporting verbs
p. 182-183
assert声称--assertion
argue
focus on
suggest
demonstrate
explore
propose
p. 184
find
indicate
p.182
contentions=argument
provocative – stimulating discussion or exciting controversy引起争议的v. provoke encompass =include
prior-earlier in time
dissonance←disagreement 不一致，冲突
manipulation 操纵manipulate
consistency-consistent一贯性
explore
overlook忽视
p. 184
put forth提出
capacity能力–ability; 容量
reshape—shape
extant research现存研究
have the potential to
foster-促进-to encourage sth. To develop
indicate
p. 186
predict-prediction
generate←produce
attribute to把…归因于
utilise (utilize)← use
be embedded in 嵌入
proposed method
classification –categorization
conclude-conclusion
affordable
complexity –complex
p. 187-188
have attracted considerable attention / considerable= a large amount of
In an attempt to试图，为了
Assumption假定-assume
Syntactical, phonological or lexical 句法，语音或者词汇
Linguistic difference 语言差异
Dominance优势，统治，支配
Pioneering work首创的、先驱的工作
Typically displayed a range of features
Demeaning position卑微的地位
Empirical research实证研究
Acquire-get, learn
Cooperative-cooperation
Inequality-equal, unequal
Subordinate-less important than something else Significant-significance
Mutually exclusive
By no means绝不
Hierarchical 等级体系的
Look specifically at …具体研究。

Inferior 比不上
Inherent内在的
Norm准则
Dimension方面
Provocative 煽动性的
Coverage 覆盖面
Practitioner 从业人员。