American Popular Culture Final 2012-2013

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American Popular Culture Mid

American Popular Culture Mid-Term 2013 Take-homeTypedHard copy (paper) – not e-mailName (English or pinyin and Chinese (汉字) Student Number:Grading is not based on grammarDue: Week 121. What are three kinds of culture?folk, popular and elite2. Why study American Popular Culture?First, Popular Culture is cultural glue. It binds people together in a world of shared references, meanings, characters, music, foods, and so on. The shared references and meanings are important for a pluralistic American society, which lacks a common religion or ethnic identity.And from the 1950s onward, the United States has turned on the new concept of culture. Now any one of the countries main basic out of fashion culture is inseparable from the impact of American Popular Culture. So American Popular Culture is taking a more and more important role in today's society worldwide, it is necessary for us to study it well.3. Why did we watch Grimm? Why is it a popular television series?1)We watched ―Grimm‖ because it refers to popular formulas. In terms of learning American Popular Culture, ―Grimm‖ is a typical popular TV series.Grimm is an American police procedural fantasy televisiondrama series. It debuted in the U.S. on NBC on October 28,2011. The show has been described as "a cop drama—with a twist... a dark and fantastical project about a world in which characters inspired by Grimms'Fairy Tales exist", although the stories and characters inspiring the show are also drawn from other sources.2)It is a popular TV series for these several reasons below.Grimm is an American television series combining elements of the cop drama an dark fairy genres.A formula is like a cooking recipe or a road map. A popular formula is a created product (often a story) that is repeatable and therefore familiar to the creator and the audience. This type of story is often referred to as a genre.―Grimm‖ is consistent with the Genre of Social Order- Western, Horror and Detective Stories- these types of stories are battlegrounds upon which the forces of good and evil fight. The conflict is usually decided by a hero who places himself on the side of progress, civilization and justice. In Westerns though, the hero’s need for individual freedom conflicts with the communal, cooperative needs of the civilized community. ―Grimm‖ is about horror and detective stories.Ingredients of box office hits:① A heavy emphasis is placed on the special world of childhood and upon the home and family: The leading actor ,Nicks,has an unfortunate childhood and imperfect family. His parents have disappeared and he has to live alone with his aunt.②Our hero should have a practical command of technology or use supernatural power (magic).- special effects:Nick is a homicide detective , whose Aunt Marie ( Kate Burton ) tells him that he is descended from a line of hunters, called Grimm, who fight supernatural forces.③The application of technology or supernatural ability should involve violence directed towards achieving the just defense of American virtues in the absence of law: The leading actor use his practical technology to rescue the kidnapped gird through violence with his super power..④Our hero should demonstrate his freedom and his individuality as well as his right to choose: No matter how dangerous the situation it was, the hero still insisted to rescue the young girl.⑤ A happy endingTherefore, ―Grimm‖ is a popular TV series.4. Why did we watch ―The Apprentice‖? Why is ita popular TV series? Give examples and explain.1)We watched ―The Apprentice‖ because it refers to popular formulas. In terms of learning American Popular Culture, ―The Apprentice‖ is a typical popular TV series.The Apprentice is an American-British reality television show hosted and broadcast on NBC. The Apprentice was the breakout rookie hit of the 2003–04 U.S. television seasons and helped NBC at a time when the network's two long-running successful comedies, Friends and Frasier, were ending their series' runs. The audience numbers for the show have still remained on the decline since its first season. Originally, NBC aired the sixth season of The Apprentice.2)It is a popular TV series for these several reasons below.A popular formula is a created product (often a story) that is repeatable and therefore familiar to the creator and the audience. This type of story is often referred to as a genre. The Apprentice is consistent with the Genre of Social Integration- Musicals, Romantic Comedies and Family Melodramas- In these stories is a civilized social environment. Society is not in danger. Often there is a doubled hero (a couple) who struggles to adapt their individual characters and goals to society. These stories are marked by discussion, negotiations and marriages and not gunfights, ultimatums or violence as do Genres of Social Order. The Apprentice is Family Melodramas.An audience judges a movie, a Western or a Detective drama or Romantic Comedy, not by how it reflects an actual historical era, event or personality type (hero) but by how it satisfies our expectations. The Apprentice is very interesting and attractive, satisfying our expectations.The Apprentice is a viewer favorite among the die-hard reality TV junkies. It is very entertaining in a no-brainer kind of way.Therefore, ―The Apprentice‖ is a popular TV series.5. What is the myth of rural simplicity?The myth of rural simplicity means True American virtue and happiness which are to be found by living close to nature on a farm or in a small town. The contemporary ritual of camping and gardening are connected to this myth.6. What are the five aspects (formula) of a popular movie (box office hits)?① A heavy emphasis is placed on the special world of childhood and upon the home and family.②Our hero should have a practical command of technology or use supernatural power (magic).- special effects③The application of technology or supernatural ability should involve violence directed towards achieving the just defense of American virtues in the absence of law.④Our hero should demonstrate his freedom and his individuality as well as his right to choose.⑤ A happy ending.Popular culture is escapist. Many of the top ten movies are fantasies. They provide clear cut divisions between good and bad.7. What is the myth of anti-intellectualism?The myth of anti-intellectualism means the truly intelligent person translates ideas into practical solutions. The beliefs and values is Experience is the best teacher. Common sense is superior to book learning.8. Why did we watch ―New Girl‖?We watched ―New Girl‖ because it refers to popular formulas. In terms of learning American Popular Culture, ―New Girl‖ is a typical popular TV series. The genre of ―New Girl‖ is an Americantelevision sitcom.It stars Zooey Deschanel, Jake Johnson, Max Greenfield, Lamorne Morris, and Hannah Simone. New Girl has received some favorable responses from critics since its conception, many giving particular praise for Deschanel and Greenfield's performances. The show has been nominated for several awards, including four Golden GlobeAward nominations and five Primetime Emmy Award nominations. On March 4, 2013, the series was renewed for a third season, which premiered on September 17, 2013.9. Why did we watch ―Good Time‖? Why is it a popular song?1)We listened to ―Good Time‖ because it refers to popular formulas. In terms of lear ning American Popular Culture, ―Good Time‖ is a typical popular song sung by the Owl City、 Carly Rae Jepsen.2) It is a popular song for these several reasons below.First, topics, time, instruments are 3 standards of popular songs. Accordingly, the topic of ―Good Time‖ is about happiness. The total time of popular so ngs is usually about 3 or 4 minutes. ―Good Time‖ is 3 minutes and 25 seconds. And popular songs usually use popular instruments such as drums, violins, pianos and so on. ―Good Time‖ uses these instruments.Second, popular songs promote passive listening- repetitive (because work or study is stressful, people want to relax in their leisure time and avoid effort). The music of ―Good Time‖ makes the listener excited and give them energy to work.Third, popular songs have a sense of identity like magazines, websites, concerts, and festivals, for youths especially. The age group most interested in popular music is from ages 12 at 25 (a generation of music). Many youngsters li ke ―Good Time‖ very much.In conclusion, ―Good time‖ is a popula r song.10. What myth or myths can be seen in ―The Middle‖?11. What kind of icon is the Statue of Liberty?Pure cultural icons12. What kind of icon is an I phone?Functional local icons13. Why did we watch ―Star Trek‖?We watched ―Star Trek‖ because it refers to popular formulas. In terms of learning American Popular Culture, ―Star Trek‖ is an American science fiction entertainment series and media franchise. The Star Trek fictional universe created by Gene Roddenberry is the setting of six television series including the original 1966 Star Trek and several movies. It is a cult phenomenon and spawned many pop culture references.14. How are stereotypes useful?Stereotypes are useful for movies and books. Stereotyped characters allow the storyteller the luxury of not having to slow down to explain the motivation of every minor character in the story. Stereotypes function in a formulaic story to keep the action moving and give character descriptions without having to waste time and create heroes and villains who are simply motivated for good or for evil.15. Why did we watch ―Drop Dead Diva‖?We watched ―Drop Dead Diva‖ because it refers to popular formulas. In terms of learning American Popular Culture, ―Drop Dead Diva‖is an American legal comedy-drama / fantasy television series.1. Short research essay (40)Choose one of the follow movies or televisionseries (Friends, Arrow, Revolution, DesperateHousewives, Batman, Spiderman, PrisonBreak (season one), Heroes (season one), Sexand the City, Gossip Girl (season one), IronMan, Ugly Betty (season one), True Blood,House, Bones, Lie to Me, Criminal Minds, theVampire Diaries (season one), Titanic, HarryPotter, Twilight, The Walking Dead, How IMet Your Mother, Elementary, 2 Broke Girls,Two and a Half Men, Modern Family, TheGood Wife.)Others are possible. Please ask me if they are ok. The possible topics are far too numerous for me to list them all here.Paragraph I – Who are the actors, directors, which company produced it, genre (kind of movie or tv show), awards, ratings, money or rankings (how it is successful) – much of this can be found on the internet (e.g. Wikipedia)- show the source or sources.Paragraph I:Choose Batman: The Dark Knight ●Actors: Leonardo DiCaprio, Kate Winslet, Billy Zane, Frances Fisher,Gloria Stuart●Director: James Cameron●Company:Studio: 20th Century Fox, Paramount Pictures, Lightstorm EntertainmentDistributed by: Paramount Pictures(USA), 20th CenturyFox(International)●Genre: Drama, Romance●Awards:Paragraph II –Which of the five aspects of a box office hit are present? Give examples and explain. Does the story follow a formula? If so what is the formula. What are the conventions? What are the inventions?Paragraph III –What myths are present? Give examples and explain.Paragraph IV –Are there any icons shown? Give examples.。

American Pop Culture Quiz 4

American Pop Culture Quiz 4No.: Name:Section A: Multiple-choice (5%)1. Which of these statements is false?A. American high school students have the choice of going to a free public school or a private one where they must pay tuition.B. The American education system is based on strong principles of equality of opportunity—all students should have an equal opportunity to get a good education.C. After twelve years of school, American students receive a bachelor's degree diploma at graduation.2. Which of these statements is true?A. Most of the money to pay for American public schools comes from local taxes.B. Religious schools that serve middle-class students receive money from the national government, but elite private schools do not.C. The national Department of Education determines the curriculum for all schools and sets the standards for high school graduation and college admission.3. From 1900 to 2000, the percentage of young Americans who take at least some college courses ____________________________ .A. increased enormously, from less than 10 percent to over 50 percent.B. increased slightly, from about 10 percent to about 20 percent.C. stayed about the same, at around 20 percent.4. What most Americans probably value most about higher education is ______ .A. its cultural value.B. its monetary value.C. its moral value.5. Which of the following would not be considered an extracurricular activity?A. school baseball teamB. the student government of a schoolC. a classroom research projectSection B: Read the following passage and comment on “minorityquota”( 少数民族定额制) in American College. (5%)A new question dealing with racial and ethnic equality in education was brought to the Supreme Court in the late 1970s. The question dealt with the admissions policies of professional schools, such as medical and law schools, which are attached to many of the nation's universities. Some of these schools have attempted to do more than treat all applicants equally. Many have tried in recent years to make up for past discrimination against blacks and other minorities by setting aside a certain number of places specifically for applicants from these groups, a practice known as affirmative action (反歧视运动). Some schools were so determined to admit minority students that they focused on factors other than high schoolgrades or test scores in their decisions to admit these students, wanting to ensure that the students in their programs reflected the diversity of the eligible student population.This could be seen as special treatment rather than equal opportunity. However, many professional school administrators believed that because of discrimination against these groups in the past, equality now demanded that certain limited numbers of minority students be given some extra advantage in the selection of new professional students. Having a diverse group of students would lead to richer discussions in the classroom and provide a better and more representative academic experience.These minority quotas were challenged by a white student, Allen Bakke（艾伦. 巴基）, who was denied admission to the medical school at the University of California at Davis, California. He claimed that the medical school had admitted some nonwhite minority students less qualified than he. The U.S. Supreme Court, in the famous Regents of University of California v. Bakke （加利福尼亚大学董事会诉巴基）case of 1978, agreed that he had been denied an equal opportunity for admission. In a rather complicated decision, the Court held that a professional school could not set aside a certain number of places to be filled only by minority students. Such quotas were a denial of equal educational opportunity. Professional schools, however, could give some extra consideration to nonwhite minority applicants, but the Court was forbidding them to carry this practice too far.Name: Student No.:1. What are the four elements of Hip-Hop? (2 Points)2. Where did Hip-Hop originate from and who is believed to be the starter?(1 point)3. List the reasons for the rise of Hip-Hop? (1.5 points)4. Who are the two kinds of people winning the MMM Award? (1 points)5. What is Loop Dreams? (1 point)6. What are the four types of reality show? List one for each type. (2 points)7. What are the major criticisms of reality show? (1.5 point)Name: Student No.:Outline of Chapter Two (5 points)A.I ndividual Freedom and Self-Reliance1.The early settlers came to the North Americancontinent for individual freedom---the most basic of all the American values.2.The price for individual freedom is_______________________________________.B.___________________________________________.1.Immigrants have always come for equality ofopportunity---the belief that everyone should have an equal chance to _________________________.2.__________________________________________________________________________________.C.___________________________________________.1.Immigrants have traditionally come for materialwealth—the chance for a higher standard of _________________________________________.2.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.D.___________________________________________.1.Many Americans believe that, with hard work, theirdreams of success can __________________________________________________________________________________.2.Even though many of the traditional values areideals that may not describe the reality of American life, they still influence __________________________________________________________________________________.Word Partner:read these word partners below and complete the sentences with correct verb + noun object collocation. (2.5 Points)a. face challengesb. seek their fortunesc. provide a decent standard of livingd. surveys public opinione. control their own destiny1. John Zogby is an American pollster who __________.2. By freedom, Americans mean the desire and the right to ____________________________.3. Millions came to the United States to ____________.4. The working poor have low-paying jobs that do not __________.5. Of course, new immigrants continue to ___________. Word Forms: choose the correct verb or noun forms from the chart below and write them in the following sentences. (Change the verb tenses, if necessary.)(2.5Points)achieve v. achievement n. conceptualize v. concept n. emphasize v. emphasis n.reject v. rejection n.rely v. reliance n.Self-______ is an important American value. Most Americans __________ the importance of eventually becoming independent and standing on your own feet. They teach this ________ to their children as they are growing up, expecting them to __________ financial and emotional independence by the time they are in their early twenties. Americans do not _________ their adult children; they still love them and believe this is the best preparation for life in the American culture.American Pop Culture Quiz 1Name: Student No. :1.The film Forrest Gump unfolded a pageant of modern Americanhistory. Please write down the Chinese translation of the following historic events. (6 points)Vietnam WarAssassination of JFKWatergate scandalPeace marches in Washington D.C.Hippie culturePing-pong diplomacy2.Some American pop culture icons and other famous people appearedin the film Forrest Gump. Please write down at least 4 names.(Chinese answers are acceptable) (4 points)。

2020年职称英语考试综合类a级补全短文模拟10

2020年职称英语考试综合类a级补全短文模拟10下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容讲其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。

"Happy Birthday to You"The main problem in discussing American popular cultureis also one of its main characteristics： it won't stay American. No matter what it is, whether it is films, food and fashion, music, casual sports or slang, it's soon at home elsewhere in the world. There are several theories why American popular culture has had this appeal.One theory is that it has been "advertised" and marketed through American films, popular music, and more recently, television. (46) They are, after all, in competition withthose produced by other countries.Another theory, probably a more common one, is that Americhn popular culture is internationally associated with something called "the spirit of America. " (47)The final theory is less complex： American popularculture is popular because a lot of people in the world like it.Regardless of why it spread, American popular culture is usually quite rapidly adopted and then adapted in many .other countries. (48) "Happy Birthday to You," for instance, issuch an everyday song that its source, its American copyright, so to speak, is not remembered. Black leather jackets worn by many heroes in American movies could be found, a generationlater, on all those young men who wanted to make this manly-look their own.Two areas where this continuing process is most clearly seen are clothing and music. Some people can still remember a time when T-shirts, jogging clothes, tennis shoes, denim jackets,and blue jeans were not common daily wear everywhere. Only twenty years ago, it was possible to spot an American in Paris by his or her clothes. No longer so： those bring colors, checkered jackets and trousers, hats and socks which were once made fun of in cartoons are back again in Paris as the latest fashion.(49)The situation with American popular music is more complex because in the beginning,when it was still clearly American,it was often strongly resisted. Jazz was once thought to be a great danger to youth and their morals, and was actually outlawed in several countries. Today,while stills blowing its rather American roots, it has become so well established.Rock "n" roll and its variations, country & westem music, all have more or less similar histories. They were first resisted, often in America as well, as being "low-class," and then as"a danger to our nation's youth. " (50) And then the music became accepted and was extended and developed, and exported back to the U. S.A.As a result, its American origins and roots are often quickly forgotten.B.But this theory fails to explain why American films, music, and television programs are so popular in themselves.C.American in origin, informal clothing has become the world's first truly universal style.D.The BBC, for example, banned rock and roll until 1962.E.American food has become popular around the world too.F.This spirit is variously described as being young and free, optimistic and confident,informal and disrespectful.46-50 BFACD。

朱永涛《英语国家社会与文化入门》配套题库【课后习题(新西兰、美国、加拿大)】-第16~22章【圣才出

【答案】T 【解析】电影并不是起源于美国，而是起源于法国。
3. The nickelodeons attracted millions of viewers a week, mostly middle-class people for whom movies presented no linguistic, cultural, or social barriers. _____
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圣才电子书十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

5. Among the 1930s’ most notable attractions were the child star Shirley Temple and Bob Dylan’s “Blowin’ in the Wind.” _____
【答案】T 【解析】直到 19 世纪末，Tin Pan Alley（美国纽约百老汇附近的一个地名的别称）一直是主要的音乐发行中心。
10. Jazz music is characterized by blue notes, syncopation, swing and improvisation. _____
【答案】T
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圣才电子书十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

【解析】摇滚音乐是由于音乐、广播、广告和娱乐产业的变化而产生的。
13. The Beatles were originally from the industrial port city of Liverpool, on the New England’s coast, U.S.A. _____
【答案】F 【解析】摇滚音乐是迎合年轻观众的音乐，尤其是二战后的婴儿潮一代。
12. Rock was born as a result of changes in the music, broadcasting, advertising and entertainment industries. _____

高中英语第二部分 VOA慢速英语《美国万花筒》第20课(文本)素材

高中英语第二部分 VOA慢速英语《美国万花筒》第20课（文本）素材英语翻议讲解：1.abolitionist n.废除主义者,废奴主义者2.arsenal n.兵工厂,军械库,武器，军火库3.capture vt.抓取,获得,迷住例句：A large reward is offered for the capture of the criminals. 巨额悬赏捉拿这些罪犯。

The novel captured the imagination of thousands of readers. 这部小说引起了千万读者的想象。

4.sustainable adj.(对自然资源和能源的利用)不破坏生态平衡的, 合理利用的可持续的例句：Water Resource Protection and Sustainable Utilization 水资源保护与可持续利用。

1.To some people this building is the scene of a crime, where a murderer and a traitor was captured and brought to justice.bring to justice使归案受审例句：The police must do all they can to bring the criminals to justice. 警方必须尽力把罪犯送交法庭审判。

2.She is using her fame as a race car driver to bring environmental issues to the attention of millions of racing fans.bring to the attention of引起某人的注意例句：That way, you can bring a pattern of behavior to management's attention. 这样你就可以提请公司主管注意你老板的不当行为。

AmericanPopular Culture流行美国文化

7/16/2020
Taylor Lautner,Fr ench, holland, dermany, Indian
Barack Obama,Euroafi can
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Maggie Q, Euroasian
Megan Fox, France, Indian,irish
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Tiger Woods,1/4 chinese blood,1/4 African blood,1/4 tailand blood, 1/8 Indian, 1/8 holand.
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Angelina Jolie, 1/4 german, 1/4 France, 1/4 Czech, 1/4 Indian
• After 1970 the desirability of assimilation and the melting pot model was challenged by proponents of multiculturalism, who assert that cultural differences within society are valuable and should be preserved, proposing the alternative metaphor of the mosaic or salad bowl – different cultures mix, but remain distinct.
7/16/2020
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LiuWen For Ralph Lauren
7/16/2020
7/16/2020
7/16/2020
Vera Wang

2012-20-经济管理学院国际期刊分级方案

北京航空航天大学经济管理学院文件
经管字〔2012〕20号
经济管理学院国际期刊论文分级奖励方案
（试行）
各位老师：
经充分调研和论证，决定对在国际期刊发表的论文进行分级奖励。

本分级奖励方案自2013年1月1日开始执行。

对2012年1月1日以后被检索的论文，按本分级方案予以奖励。

特此通知。

附件：经济管理学院国际期刊分级奖励目录
二〇一二年十二月二十八
附件
经济管理学院国际期刊分级奖励目录一、经济管理学院A+级国际期刊48种
二、经济管理学院A级国际期刊32种
6
2
Journal of Management Accounting Research 7
2
Journal of International Financial Management & Accounting 8
2
Transpotation Research Part A
9
3
Transportation
3
Transpotation Research Part C
1
3
Transpotation Research Part E
2
三、经济管理学院B级国际期刊
其他被SCI/SSCI收录的国际期刊论文。

AmericanPopularCulture流行美国文化 ppt课件

American PopularCulture
Mixed-Blood And Fashion
Mixed-Blood
The term mixed-blood in the United States is most often employed for individuals of mixed European and Native American ancestry who are not of Hispanic descent. Some of the most prominent in the 19th century were mixedblood or mixed-race children born of marriages and unions between fur traders and Native Americans along the northern frontier
Liu Wen for Estee Lauder
Converse is Kristen Stewart'favorite
Avril Lavigne also loves Converse
Gwyneth Paltrow For Coach
Brad Pitt
Scarlett Johans son
• After 1970 the desirability of assimilation and the melting pot model was challenged by proponents of multiculturalism, who assert that cultural differences within society are valuable and should be preserved, proposing the alternative metaphor of the mosaic or salad bowl – different cultures mix, but remain distinct.

2020年职称英语考试《卫生类》补全短文习题(3)

2020 年职称英语考试《卫生类》补全短文习题（ 3 ）The main problem in discussing American popular culture is also one of its main characteristics ：it won ‘t stay American.No matter what it is,whether it is films,food andfashion,music,casual sports or slang,it 's soon at home elsewhere in the world.There are several theories why American popular culture has had this appeal.One theory is that it has been "advertised" and marketed through American films,popular music,and more recently,television. 1 They are ___________________ ，after all,incompetition with those produced by other countries.Another theory,probably a more common one,is that American popular culture is internationally associated with something called "the spirit of America." ____________________ 2___The final theory is less complex ：American popular culture is popular because a lot of people in the world like it.Regardless of why it spreads,American popular culture is usually quite rapidly adopted and then adapted in many other countries. 3 "Happpy Birthday to You _ ，" forinstance ,is such an everyday song that its source,its American copyright,so to speak,is not remembered.Black leather jackets worn by many heroes in American movies could be found ,a generation later,on all those young men who wanted to make this manly-look their own.Two areas where this continuing process is most clearly seen are clothing and music.Some people can still remember atime when T-shirts,jogging clothes,tennis shoes,denim jackets,and blue jeans were not common daily wear everywhere.Only twenty years ago,it was possible to spot an American in Paris by his or her clothes.No longer so ：those bright colors,checkered jackets and trousers,hats and socks which were once made fun of in cartoons are back again in Paris as the latest fashion. _____ 4 ______The situation with American popular music is more complex because in the beginning,when it was still clearly American ,it was often strongly resisted.Jazz was once thought to be a great danger to youth and their morals,and was actually outlawed in severalcountries.Today,while still showing its rather American roots,it has become so well established.Rock ‘ n' roll and all itsvariations,country &western music,all have more or less similar histories.They were first resisted,often in American as well,as being "low- class ，" and t hen as "a danger to our nation ‘s youth." ........................................... 5 And then the music became accepted and was exte nded and developed,a nd exported back to the U.S ..........................................................练习：A. As a result,its American origins and roots are often quickly forgotten.B. But this theory fails to explain why American films,music,and television programs are so popular in themselves.C. American in origin,informal clothing has become the world ‘s first truly universal style.D. The BBC，fo r example,banned rock and roll until 1962.E. American food has become popular around the world too.F. This spirit is variously described as being young and free,optimistic and cnfedent,informal and disrespectful.参考答案： B ，F，A，C，D。

The American culture

That's all thank you !
The Super Bowl is the annual championship game of the National Football League (NFL), the highest level of professional football in the United States
The Super Bowl halftime show 2014
Frank (zhou)
The term “America popular culture” was coined in the 19th century . In the post-World War two, America popular culture is undeniably associated with commercial culture and all its forms including : Magazine, Film, television, fashion, Music, advertising sports, any commodity available for purchase, etc. In many ways “popular culture” in American context can be considered an authentic culture of the people.
The Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival is an annual three-day music and arts festival held at the Empire Polo Club in Indio, California, located in the Inland Empire's Coachella Valley in the Colorado Desert. It was founded by Paul Tollett in 1999 and is organized by Goldenvoice, a subsidiary of AEG Live. The event features many genres of music, including rock, indie, hip hop, and electronic dance music, as well as art installations and sculptures.

American popular culture

American Popular Culture:Movies and MusicAs we all know, American Popular Culture(commonly known as pop culture) has expressed itself through nearly every medium,including movies,music,and many others.Pop culture about movies,such as The Oscar Academy Awards ,which becomes one of the most famous ceremonies worldwide,is developing more and more ripely nowdays. Another aspect about American music since 1900 is also Leading the trend, take The American Music Awards as an example,which is considered the most representative of the mainstream music business indicators for its special mode of examination.Review the American films’histories, when motion pictures in Europe were projected with the first projection device in 1895, similar machines were developed and first used to publicly exhibit movies in New York City in 1896. Later, America films gradually adapted to the citizens’needs and most of them at that time were melodramas and comedies.At first,films were sold directly to exhibitors. The first of these early theaters,which opened in Pittsburgh in1905,was called “nickelodeons”that was derived from the five-cent admission charge.In1909,Edison formed the Motion Picture Parents Company. At the same time,many independent film companies moved their studios to a suburb of Los Angeles which offered them more reliable sunshine as well as distance from Edison’s monopoly in the East. Hollywood, a rural suburb of LasAngeles became the American movie capital after 1913. The most influential early film artist was Edwin S.Porter whose famous film called Life of an American Fireman used innovative editing to create a coherent narrative and another film called The Great Train Robbery also used editing techniques.Shortly before the outbreak of World War I, nickelodeons gradually were replaced by some better cinema.Film patent's monopoly power was gradually disappearing, and finally dissolved in 1915. At this point, Griffith as the representative of a new group of film artists had emerged. Producer Center also moved from the East Coast to Hollywood. World War I, to some degree, destroying and harming the developments of European film industry, had contributed to the flourish of American movies.Then between 1916 and 1926 the American film industry came into the hands of a few powerful companies,which controlled production distribution,and exhibition.Furthermore, A studio hierarchy established consisted of the five “majors”-Fox,MGM,Paramount,RKO and Warner Brothers-and the “the little three”-Columbia,United Artists and Universal.Cynicism and sensuality among the upper classes characterized many of the 1920s features,and democratic optimism gave way to rampant materialism,American popular music is also a part of American popular culture. Today,the body of these popular styles is recognized as significantcontribution to American musical development.What’s more,American popular music appeared early in the 19th century, and in the 20th century the American music industry developed a series of new forms of music, using blues and other elements of American folk music. These popular styles included country, R&B, jazz and rock. The period between 1960s and '70s witnessed a number of important changes in American popular music, including the development of a number of new styles, such as heavy metal, punk, soul, and hip hop. Though these styles were not popular in the sense of mainstream, they were commercially recorded and are thus examples of popular music.So as what I accounted for,American popular culture is undeniably associated with commercial culture and defined as everything from “common culture”to “folk culture”,to“culture”.。

American Pop Culture

What is pop culture? Well, pop is short for popular. Pop culture refers to popular movies, television shows, music stars and sports figures. Pop culture is also promoted by business and advertising. The most common examples of American pop culture appear among high school and college students. Trends set by famous figures quickly become part of young people’s lifestyles.
He started a solo 单独表演career in 单独表演career 1971, having made his debut初次登台 debut初次登台 in 1964 as a member of The Jackson 5. 5. His 1982 album Thriller 颤栗remains 颤栗remains the best-selling album of all time, with bestfour others — Off the Wall墙外 (1979), Bad 真棒(1987), Dangerous (1991), 真棒(1987), and HIStory (1995) — among the best selling.
King of Pop流行之王 Pop流行之王
• Questions to discuss • 1.Do you like American Music? Name some famous singers. • 2)Who do you suppose impress you most? • 3)When you heard Michael Jackson was dead, what was your response ? • 4)What do you know about him?

补全短文2018年职称英语考试《卫生类》补全短文习题(3)

补全短文2018年职称英语考试《卫生类》补全短文习题（3） The main problem in discussing American popular culture is also one of its main characteristics： it won‘t stay American.No matter what it is,whether it is films,food andfashion,music,casual sports or slang,it’s soon at home elsewhere in the world.There are several theories why American popular culture has had this appeal.One theory is that it has been "advertised" and marketed through American films,popular music,and morerecently,television.________1____ They are ，after all,in petition with those produced by other countries.Another theory,probably a more mon one,is that American popular culture is internationally associated with something called "the spirit of America." ____2____The final theory is less plex： American popular culture is popular because a lot of people in the world like it.Regardless of why it spreads,American popular culture is usually quite rapidly adopted and then adapted in many othercountries._______3______ "Happpy Birthday to You，" for instance ,is such an everyday song that its source,its American copyright,so to speak,is not remembered.Black leather jackets worn by many heroes in American movies could be found ,a generation later,on all those young men who wanted to make this manly-look their own.Two areas where this continuing process is most clearly seen are clothing and music.Some people can still remember a time when T-shirts,jogging clothes,tennis shoes,denim jackets,and blue jeans were not mon daily wear everywhere.Only twenty years ago,it was possible to spot an American in Paris by his or her clothes.No longer so： those bright colors,checkered jackets and trousers,hats and socks which were once made fun of in cartoons are back again in Paris as the latestfashion.______4_______The situation with American popular music is more plex because in the beginning,when it was still clearly American ,it was often strongly resisted.Jazz was once thought to be a great danger to youth and their morals,and was actually outlawed in several countries.Today,while still showing its ratherAmerican roots,it has bee so well established.Rock ‘n’ roll and all its variations,country & western music,all have more or less similar histories.They were first resisted,often in American as well,as being "low-class，" and then as "a danger to our nation‘s youth." _______5_______ And then the music became aepted and was extended and developed,and exported back to the U.S……练习：A.As a result,its American origins and roots are often quickly forgotten.B.But this theory fails to explain why Americanfilms,music,and television programs are so popular in themselves.C.American in origin,informal clothing has bee the world ‘s first truly universal style.D.The BBC，for example,banned rock and roll until 1962.E.American food has bee popular around the world too.F.This spirit is variously described as being young and free,optimistic and fedent,informal and disrespectful.参考答案： B，F，A，C，D内容仅供参考。

电影发展史ppt

《黄金时代》是从参战者带着战争中生理和心理的损伤回归和平生活的侧面来反思战争的。它不仅丰富了电影创作的形式，而且引起的心理和感情震撼，比直接描写战争更理性、更强烈。因而今天的好莱坞依然喜欢模仿和抄袭之。
1946年
在麦卡锡主义喧嚣尘上的时候，拍摄《正午》这样努力保持人格完整、尊重自我的荧幕形象，是需要勇气的。导演弗莱德·齐纳曼与影片中的主角多恩一样，被迫流放英国。
明星制部分男演员亨佛莱· 鲍嘉、克拉克· 盖博、加利· 格兰特
亨佛莱·鲍嘉 Humphrey Bogart (1899 — 1957)
克拉克·盖博 Clark Gable (1901 — 1960)
葛里高利·派克 Gregory Peck （1916 — 2003 ）
柯克·道格拉斯 Kirk Douglas
1939年
“悬念大师”阿尔弗雷德·希区柯克到美国后执导的第一部影片《蝴蝶梦》，就一鸣惊人。影片中真正的主角是没有影象的丽贝卡。她不仅存在而且非常强大，让影片里的“我”和影片外的我们既时时刻刻地毛骨悚然，又强烈地希望了解她。
1940年
《公民凯恩》无论在思想深度还是艺术表现手法上都达到了前所未有的高度。它不是那种让人一看便知的影片，而是一部含义深邃，需要反复诅嚼的思想和学问。它是电影的诗、传说、寓言和神话，它包含了对生活高度的凝练，对人性和社会的深刻理解，以及对心理世界的理性体会。
好莱坞是美国电影业的象征，是闻名遐迩的世界影都。它会萃了全美国、甚至欧洲乃至世界的影坛精英，制作了一部部脍炙人口、经久不衰的传世名片，培育了一批批璀璨夺目的红伶巨星，是今天世界电影市场上无可争议的霸主。

American Popular Culture Final 2012

深圳大学考试答题纸(以论文、报告等形式考核专用)二○一一～二○一二学年度第一学期课程编号2307002104 课程名称American Popular Culture 主讲教师(F)Bradley C.Phillips评分学号姓名专业年级教师评语：题目：American Popular Culture Final (100 points)Part I: Questions (40)1. Use ―The Simpson’s Halloween Special‖ to explain what a parody is. Also, use the two songs―Ridin’ Dirty‖ and ―White Nerdy to explain a musical parody. How are stereotypes important in understanding these songs?Answer:A parody is a piece of work designed to mock or poke fun at an aspect of a genre, person, subject, movie novel etc. It imitates a work of art, literature, or music for the purpose of making playful fun or a joke of the original work. Parody may be found in art or culture, including literature, music, animation, gaming and film.As far as I am concerned, ―The Simpson’s Halloween Special‖ has harvested humor, horror and thrill from movie parodies. It has no things miraculous, no things special. However, It is brilliant at spoofing classic and iconic movies and scenes. That's the miracles. The Halloween episodes regularly parody many classic horror and science fiction films and episodes such as "The Shining", "Nightmare at 20,000 Feet", "T o Serve Man", "Living Doll", "It's a Good Life", "A Kind of a Stopwatch", "The Little People", "Little Girl Lost", "Twilight" and "28 Days Later". In a parody of the original Frankenstein film, Marge warns viewers that the following program (The Simpsons) may give their children nightmares, so she suggests the adults to ―tuck your children into bed tonight instead of writing us angry letters tomorrow.‖A musical parody, involves changing or copying existing musical ideas or lyrics, or copying the peculiar style of a composer or artist, or even a general style of music. Although the intention of a musical parody may be humour, it is the re-use of music that is the original defining feature. For example, ''White and Nerdy'' is a musical parody of the song "Ridin' Dirty".From these two songs, we can learn stereotype better. A stereotype is a simplified mental picture of an individual or group of people who share certain characteristic (or stereotypical)qualities. Stereotyping leads to racial prejudice when people emotionally react to the name of a group, ascribe characteristics to members of that group, and then evaluate those characteristics. Stereotypes are quiet important for us to understand the meaning of these two songs.''White and Nerdy'' features many stereotypical ''White and Nerdy'' things--stereotypically "nerdy" things, such as collecting comic books, playing Dungeons & Dragons, and editing Wikipedia, as well as stereotypically "white" things, like watching Happy Days, playing ping pong, and "eating all my sandwiches with mayonnaise". It is also arguably more entertaining than the original song. In the "White and Nerdy" music video, it shows the actor as this white nerd, and then it contrasts him with stereotypical images of black gangsters.―Ridin’ Dirty‖ music video attempts to create a sense of the police abusing their powers for likely racist or power hungry reasons. The lyrics concern racial profiling and police brutality (young black man, was being racially profiled by the police) as well as the stereotyping of African Americans driving a vehicle with drugs or other contraband on the inside ("Riding dirty"). That is to say, it shows us the stereotype that black people driving cars with music loudly playing will almost definitely be carrying illegal substances and guns around with them.2. Explain the meaning and popularity of Pink’s song ―Stupid Girls‖Answer:The song ―Stupid Girls‖ reveals the modern material society, girls to beautiful try incredible method and bring harm to themselves. It advocates we go back to the true self. In this song, Pink sings about the sexploitation and superficiality of hollywood girls, who are famous for ridiculous reasons: shopping sprees, excessively skinny body, exploiting their bodies, irresponsibility, etc. When she asks where all the female presidents have gone, she means that those respectable, responsible, intelligent women who should be famous are difficult to find. She is talking about how feminism is diminishing due to those females who disrespect themselves and sell their bodies instead of their minds. Pink wants girls to know that respect tastes better than attention, they shouldn’t need to conform just because everyone else is that way or society expects them to b ehave a certain way.First, topics, time, instruments are 3 standards of popular songs. Accordingly, the topic of―Stupid Girls‖ is about material girls’ release. It boils down to encouraging women to cast off stereotypes of being dumb, but pretty, sexual objects in favor of intelligence and personal ambition. The total time of popular songs is usually about 3 or 4 minutes. ―Stupid Girls‖ is 3 minutes and 15 seconds. And popular songs usually use popular instruments such as drums, violins, pianos and so on. ―Stupid Girls‖ uses piano and guitar, which represent the formula of American popular culture.Second, popular songs promote passive listening- repetitive (because work or study is stressful, people want to relax in their leisure time and avoid effort). The music of ―Stupid Girls‖ makes the listener relaxed and comfortable, with the genres of R&B, Hip Hop and Funk.Third, popular songs have a sense of identity like magazines, websites, concerts, and festivals, for youths especially. The age group most interested in popular music is from ages 12 at 25 (a generation of music). Many youngsters like ―Stupid Girls‖ very much.In conclusion, ―Stupid Girls‖ is a very popular song. It really reflected many girls’ psychology nowadays and also encouraged them to be themselves.3. Which kind of hero is Clark in Smallville? (Use two ways to analyze him) Why is ―Smallville‖ apopular television series? Use the course vocabulary to write a short essay about this series.Also, why is Superman the great American hero?Answer:●Clark in Smallville is this kind of hero:Clark is a super hero. He superior to the laws of nature, with the supernatural abilities of invulnerability, superhuman strength, speed, sight, and hearing, super breath, heat vision, X-ray vision, and flight, etc. Clark uses his abilities to save Lex from drowning when they get into a car accident. Furthermore, He is with us but not one of us; he is an alien, partly human and his weaknesses are not our weaknesses. When Clark first appears an infant, he crash lands on Earth on the day of the Smallville meteor shower in 1989. Twelve years later, his adoptive father tells he that he is an alien. He has weakness with close exposure to meteor rocks (kryptonite), especially when Lana wears a meteor-rock necklace in remembrance of her parents who were killed during the meteor shower●―Smallville‖ is a popular television series for these reasons below：Smallville, a popular television series, won the heart of many people by recapturing our childhood and retelling the story of our beloved Superman. It gave us an in depth look at the trials and tribulations our beloved Superman faced learning of his special powers. It showed us the people closest to him and the enemies he faced on a daily basis. According to the knowledge I have leared in APC Course, Smallville is popular for its icons, myths, formular, stereotypes,fandoms, rituals and heros.Icons: Superman is a kind of pure cultural icons. It has no function other than to symbolize significant beliefs and values meaningful to important cultural subgroups and/or to the culture as a whole. Superman means a lot to many people around the world. It's a great story to be told to see how Clark become the iconic hero that people love very much.Myths: Smallville has the myth of house of violence outside the law--the law means well but sometimes punishes the innocent or has too much bureaucracy. It has been a crucial a part of the popular cultural evolution of the Superman story, with the elasticity of the myth showing the character Clark with super abilities to help others in danger outside the law.Formular: A popular formula is a created product that is repeatable and therefore familiar to the creator and the audience. The story of Smallville is based on the superman. This type of story is often referred to as a genre. Smallville is the Genre of Social Order with western, horror and detective stories. These types of stories are battlegrounds upon which the forces of good and evil fight. The conflict is decided by the hero Clark who places himself on the side of progress, civilization and justice. Smallville has so many different elements such as action and drama and romance. So I think it can capture the imagination of a wide audience. What’s more, Clark has aspecial childhood, home and family. He is adopted by Jonathan and Martha Kent as an infant when he crash lands on Earth on the day of the Smallville meteor shower. Clark has a practical command of technology and uses supernatural power. He uses his superhuman abilities to help others in danger. And the application of technology or supernatural ability involves violence. Clark fights with crime and battles villains directed towards achieving the just defense of American virtues in the absence of law. Also he demonstrate his freedom and his individuality as well as his right to choose. Clark’s father intends for him to rule the world but he refuses and choose to protect peop le.Finally, Smallville has a happy ending.Stereotypes:There’s gender stereotypes in Smallville. In the ideal cultural form, men are heroes and women are models. For one, the main character Clark, the hero, just like most other heroes is a male. He is the savior of the town, strong and powerful, and is in a sense superior to all other beings. Becides, Lana Lang is insert female stereotype here: She is a naive farm girl, or a spunky go-getter, or a confidant, or a platonic friend, or a bitter rival.Fandoms: Smallville has large ship fandoms and many of them are anti-fan, full-time, active consumers of the series. They are also fandoms of the comic books and science fiction about superman, which is fantastic and attractive to a large amount of people by its diffirent forms of culture.Rituals: Clark has a crush on Lana Lang when he grow up. This is a rite of passage. After sharing an intimate moment with Lana Lang, Clark is forced into a school hazing ritual led by Lana's jealous boyfriend Whitney.Hero: Clark in Smallville is a super hero. He is super-powered, super-dedicated,super-courageous and witty, with the supernatural abilities superior to the laws of nature. He is an alien, coming from from the outer space with a meteor shower. Step by step, he becomes a superhero by his effort to help others in danger.Superman is the great American hero for the reasons followed:Superman is an orphan rocketed to earth. He’s adopted by the Kent’s, a ve ry kind couple in rural small town America (Smallville). He learns middle-class American values. Later he migrates to Metropolis where he defends American values and beliefs.Immigration is an important part of American history so this also helps make Superman so popular to Americans.Also, individual mobility is an integral part of the American dream. So American’s greatest hero is able to accomplish the biggest dream of mobility- flight!4. Why is fandom important?Answer:The pleasure people derive from mass-produced entertainments can sometimes cause fanatical behavior (fans). Fandom is a means of expressing one’s sense of self and one’s relationship with others in the complex society. These satisfy personal needs.Feature-length documentaries about fandom (some more respectful of the subjects than others) include Trekkies, Ringers: Lord of the Fans, Finding the Future: A Science Fiction Conversation, and Done the ImpossibleFandom is important. without fandom, all of those passive watchers wouldn’t have television to watch. Fandom is full of the next generation of film makers, television writers, actors, playwrights, lighting designers, costume designers, creatives, thinkers, imaginers. For people who create popular culture, fandom is the community that keeps them going. It’s a place to be yourself, free from judgment. Fans are meeting future spouses through fandom, making long-lasting friendships, provoking discussions on gender and race, and in one case becoming so vocal that they nearly crashed E!Online’s website during the ―TV’s Top Couple‖ poll. 5. How are stereotypes useful?Answer:Stereotypes are useful for movies and books. Stereotyped characters allow the storyteller the luxury of not having to slow down to explain the motivation of every minor character in the story. Stereotypes function in a formulaic story to keep the action moving and give character descriptions without having to waste time and create heroes and villains who are simply motivated for good or for evil. For examples, Nazi’s in movi es or terrorists or the bad guys in westerns.What’s more, Stereotype is a very useful, essential mechanism for bypassing all of that - when we meet a new situation, we compare it to situations we've experienced before, and this gives us a guide as to what this one is likely to be like.Part II – The research paper requiring citations and also a works cited page: (60) pointsMy topic about this research paper is Halloween.Please cite sources.Discuss the history of the ritual. What kind of ritual is it?Combine this with a MINIMUM of two other topics from American Popular Culture (icons, myths, stereotypes, heroes, the five aspects of a popular movie, formula, parody, nostalgia, etc.). Use thesekey vocabulary words and concepts as much as possible.Answer:Rite of Season– at the end of autumn and the beginning of winter on October 31Rite of Spectacle (people have plenty of celebrations such as Trick-or-treating/guising, costume parties, making jack-o'-lanterns, lighting bonfires, divination, apple bobbing, visiting haunted attractions, fireworks displays, playing pranks, telling scary stories, and watching horror films.)Rite of reversal – Halloween is known to anthropologists as a rite of reversal—ceremonial situations that allow for reversal of appropriate behaviors that typically occur at transitional times between periods of intense activity. It allows men to dress as women and women as men, children to come to terms with death by portraying it, and little ballerinas to don broom sticks with dyed black spiky hair.Secular holidayHalloween or Hallowe'en, also known as All Hallows' Eve, is a yearly celebration observed in a number of countries on October 31, the eve of the Western Christian feast of All Hallows (or All Saints). It is a secular, community-based event characterized by child-friendly activities. Many Americans celebrate Halloween on October 31. Celebrations include costume parties andtrick-or-treating.HistoryHalloween's origins date back to the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain (pronounced sow-in). The Celts, who lived 2,000 years ago in the area that is now Ireland, the United Kingdom and northern France, celebrated their new year on November 1. This day marked the end of summer and the harvest and the beginning of the dark, cold winter, a time of year that was often associated with human death. Celts believed that on the night before the new year, the boundary between the worlds of the living and the dead became blurred. On the night of October 31 they celebrated Samhain, when it was believed that the ghosts of the dead returned to earth. In addition to causing trouble and damaging crops, Celts thought that the presence of the otherworldly spirits made it easier for the Druids, or Celtic priests, to make predictions about the future. For a people entirely dependent on the volatile natural world, these prophecies were an important source of comfort and direction during the long, dark winter.How it has changedCelebration of Halloween was extremely limited in colonial New England because of the rigid Protestant belief systems there. Halloween was much more common in Maryland and the southern colonies. As the beliefs and customs of different European ethnic groups as well as the American Indians meshed, a distinctly American version of Halloween began to emerge. The first celebrations included "play parties," public events held to celebrate the harvest, where neighbors would share stories of the dead, tell each other's fortunes, dance and sing. Colonial Halloween festivities also featured the telling of ghost stories and mischief-making of all kinds. By the middle of the nineteenth century, annual autumn festivities were common, but Halloween was not yet celebrated everywhere in the country.In the second half of the nineteenth century, America was flooded with new immigrants. These new immigrants, especially the millions of Irish fleeing Ireland's potato famine of 1846, helped to popularize the celebration of Halloween nationally. Taking from Irish and English traditions, Americans began to dress up in costumes and go house to house asking for food or money, a practice that eventually became today's "trick-or-treat" tradition. Young women believed that on Halloween they could divine the name or appearance of their future husband by doing tricks with yarn, apple parings or mirrors.In the late 1800s, there was a move in America to mold Halloween into a holiday more about community and neighborly get-togethers than about ghosts, pranks and witchcraft. At the turn of the century, Halloween parties for both children and adults became the most common way to celebrate the day. Parties focused on games, foods of the season and festive costumes. Parents were encouraged by newspapers and community leaders to take anything "frightening" or "grotesque" out of Halloween celebrations. Because of these efforts, Halloween lost most of its superstitious a nd religious overtones by the beginning of the twentieth century.By the 1920s and 1930s, Halloween had become a secular, but community-centered holiday, with parades and town-wide parties as the featured entertainment. Despite the best efforts of many schools and communities, vandalism began to plague Halloween celebrations in many communities during this time. By the 1950s, town leaders had successfully limited vandalism and Halloween had evolved into a holiday directed mainly at the young. Due to the high numbers of young children during the fifties baby boom, parties moved from town civic centers into the classroom or home, where they could be more easily accommodated. Between 1920 and 1950, the centuries-old practice of trick-or-treating was also revived. Trick-or-treating was a relatively inexpensive way for an entire community to share the Halloween celebration. In theory, families could also prevent tricks being played on them by providing the neighborhood children with small treats. A new American tradition was born, and it has continued to grow. Today, Americans spend an estimated $6 billion annually on Halloween, making it the country's second largest commercial holiday.The movie –The Nightmare Before ChristmasThe Nightmare Before Christmas, often promoted as Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas, is a 1993 American stop motion musical fantasy horror film directed by Henry Selick and produced/co-written by Tim Burton. It tells the story of Jack Skellington, a being from "Halloween Town" who opens a portal to "Christmas Town" and decides to celebrate the holiday. Danny Elfman wrote the film score and provided the singing voice of Jack, as well as other minor characters. Theremaining principal voice cast i ncludes Chris Sarandon, Catherine O'Hara, William Hickey, Ken Page and Glenn Shadix.The Nightmare Before Christmas originated in a poem written by Tim Burton in 1982, while he was working as a Disney animator. With the success of Vincent in the same year, Disney started to consider developing The Nightmare Before Christmas as either a short film or 30-minute television special. Over the years, Burton's thoughts regularly returned to the project, and in 1990, Burton and Disney made a development deal. Production started in July 1991 in San Francisco. Walt Disney Pictures decided to release the film under their Touchstone Pictures banner because they thought the film would be "too dark and scary for kids".[2]The Nightmare Before Christmas was met with critical and financial success. Disney has reissued the film annually under their Disney Digital 3-D format since 2006, being the first stop-motion animated feature to be entirely converted to 3-D.Icons: The gifts (shrunken heads, Christmas tree-eating snakes, etc.) that Jack delivers to children are functional cultural icons. And the pumpkin sign is a pure cultural icon. Sections of the pumpkin are cut out to make holes, often depicting a face, which may be either cheerful, scary, or comical. Popular figures, symbols, and logos are some that can now be seen used on pumpkins. After carving, a light source (traditionally a candle) is placed inside the pumpkin and the top is put back into place. Then the the pumpkin becomes a Jack-o'-lantern, which is typically seen during Halloween.Myths: Myth of romantic love – Love will conquer all. Sex is best in a true-love relationship. Romantic loves culminates in the nuclear family. Myth of endless love – The search for true love is the most important thing in life, for the ―true love‖ relationship promises lifelong companionship, passion, and support. In The Nightmare Before Christmas, Sally, a rag doll woman who is created by the town's mad scientist, begins to feel a romantic attraction towards Jack. Finally, Jack reveals that he is just as strongly romantically attracted to Sally as she is to him, and they kiss under the full moon in the cemetery. They feel in love with each other and have a happy ending.Formular: A popular formula is a created product that is repeatable and therefore familiar to the creator and the audience. A story formula consists of two elements: conventions and inventions. Convention in The Nightmare Before Christmas is that Halloween is always scary and thrilling. Halloweentown is inhabited by eccentric and strange people, grinning monsters and malicious creatures whose greatest pleasure is to indulge in macabre play-acting and pranks of the worst possible taste. There’s also inventions in The Nightmare Before Christmas, which a creator uses and applies to formulaic convention to keep the story fresh and interesting. The Christmas rites and custom are not as usual as before. Bored with the same old scare-and-scream routine, Pumpkin King Jack Skellington longs to spread the joy of Christmas but makes it another Halloween.What’s more, it is in the Genre of Social Integration - Musicals, Romantic Comedies and Family Melodramas. Society is not in danger. The Nightmare Before Christmas is an animation, Kids & Family and Science Fiction & Fantasy. The doubled hero (Jack and Sally) struggle to adapt their individual characters and goals to society. In this movie, there’s supernatural setting. Halloweentown is a place filled with citizens such as deformed monsters, ghosts, ghouls, goblins, vampires, werewolves and witches. Sally is a rag doll woman created by the town's mad scientist. And hero Jack demonstrate his freedom and his individuality as well as his right to choose. Also, it has a happy ending. Santa is free and Oogie is gone. Jack regains his old spirit, having come upwith new ideas for next Halloween. The lovers Jack and Sally kiss under the full moon in the cemetery.Stereotypes: Throughout the film, we see that many of Halloween Town's inhabitants fill the stereotypes of generally accepted Halloween characters. There are the vampires wearing black cloaks lined with red who flee from the sun, the fully clothed werewolf dancing through the town square with a howling voice, and the witches in black with their pointed hats. All the characters in the setting of Halloween Town are monsters of some sort, and the principal romantic pair are no different. Jack is a tall, lanky character whose entire figure is composed of bones. Instead of a face, he has a skull, and his expressions are shown only through the changing shapes of his eye sockets and mouth. The lead female character, Sally, as Frankenstein's monster and traditional female, appears to invoke the "Cinderella" stereotype of the oppressed domestic cooking and cleaning for a tyrannical master.Fandoms: The Nightmare Before Christmas has a huge fandom base which makes it popular for so many years. Many children watched it time after time, year after year. The film received positive reviews for the film's stop motion animation, musical score and original storyline and was a box office success, grossing $50 million. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects and won the International Animated Film Society's Annie Award for Best Creative Supervision. With these success, Nightmare achieved the ranks of a cult film.Rituals: The Nightmare Before Christmas has Halloween and Christmas rituals such as rite of season, rite of spectacle, rite of reversal and so on. For example, send and receive gifts in Christmas Day. Most Americans watch it on the TV and a large crowd of people attend the actual rituals. They have plenty of celebrations as rituals for fun.Hero: The Nightmare Before Christmas is a modern a fairy tale, telling the legendary deeds of Jack Skellington, a skeleton who rules over Halloweentown. He is a citizen celebrity and everyman hero.The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993) for Disney, originally meant to be a children's book in rhyme. The film was based on Burton's original story, world and characters. Timothy Walter "Tim" Burton is an American film director, film producer, writer and artist. The Nightmare Before Christmas is one of his famous dark, gothic, macabre and quirky-themed movies. He is a citizen celebrity and everyman hero.Song –“This Is Halloween” by Danny Elfman"This Is Halloween" is a song by composer Danny Elfman from the 1993 film The Nightmare Before Christmas, performed by the residents of the fictional "Halloween Town", which is the film's main setting. The song is featured in both HalloWishes at the Magic Kingdom and at Disneyland's Hallow een Screams. In Calaway Park, it is featured in the haunted mansion. And it is one of ―Top 10 Halloween Songs of Avenged Sevenfold‖.Daniel Robert "Danny" Elfman is an American composer, best known as the lead singer and songwriter for the rock band Oingo Boingo, from 1976 to 1995 and later for scoring music for television and film and creating The Simpsons main title theme as well as the 1989 Batman movietheme. He has scored the majority of the films for his long-time friend Tim Burton, the director of This Is Hallow een.Elfman was honored with the prestigious Richard Kirk award at the 2002 BMI Film and TV Awards. The award is given annually to a composer who has made significant contributions to film and television music. He is a citizen hero for especially gifted in music. Also, he possess qualities that the culture values highly. He is a citizen celebrity. He helps mainstream values by attaining myth of success in his musical career.What’s more, I want to discuss about the popularity of the song - This Is Hallow een.Firstly, This Is Hallow een kicks off the movie as an introduction to Halloween T own and its spooky residents. The length of this songs is 3 minutes and 16 seconds. It uses popular instruments such as the piano accordion, the triangle, the kazoo, the moog synth, the piccolo and so on.Secondly, This Is Hallow een promotes passive listening - repetitive (because work or study is stressful, people want to relax in their leisure time and avoid effort). It repeats the lyr ics ―This is Halloween, this is Halloween. Halloween! Halloween! Halloween! Halloween!‖ which makes the listener relaxed and comfortable, with the genres of soundtrack.Thirdly, many youngsters like This Is Hallow een very much. It has a sense of identity like magazines, websites, concerts, and festivals, for youths especially. The age group most interested in popular music is from ages 12 at 25 (a generation of music).Finally, This Is Hallow een shows myth of rural simplicity. The story happens in a small country town - our town of Halloween. True American virtue and happiness are to be found by living close to nature there. Stereotypes are also showed in this classic Halloween music. It is singed with a spooky Halloween sounds, reminding us of a stereotypical scary Halloween Festival.Works Consulted/topics/halloween。

美国20世纪最重要的50种通俗文化现象(注释版)

The Fifty Most Important Phenomena inTwentieth Century American Popular Culture History50) Camping Culture（校园文化）-The Millions in Our National Parks49) The Resort Vacation Fantasy （度假胜地？）-From Hotel del Coronado to Key West to South Beach to Hawaii48) Youth and Extreme Sports （极限运动）-From Skateboarding to Snowboarding47) Warhol, Lichtenstein, and Pop Art （大众艺术？）-Even the Desert Arts Communities Popularized by Georgia O'Keefe46) The Mall （？中文对应词是啥？谁知道？）-And What about the Department Store?45) Self-Alterations （改造自己的身体？）-From Tattoos (纹身）to Piercings to Plastic Surgery44) Talkies （有声电影）-Who Could Forget Al Jolsen's Rendition of "Sonny Boy"?43) CDs42) American International and Teen Pics （这个是啥？）41) Surf Culture （冲浪运动？）-From the Beach Boys to Annette40) Film Noir 具有悲观(或宿命论)色彩的影片39) The Seattle Sound （西雅图之声？）-How Nirvana Changed Rock38) The Workout Culture （这个又是什么？）-Remember John Travolta and Jamie Lee Curtis in Perfect?37) Video Games （电视游戏）-The Road from Pinball36) The Musical Film （音乐影片？和NTV有啥区别）-From the Golden Age of Hollywood to Moulin Rouge35) The Children's Book Serial （儿童文学系列）-From Dr. Suess to Harry Potter --哈力波特忽忽！！！34) Cartoons (Print and Television) （卡通）-What Is American Popular Culture without Snoopy in Our Newspapers or the Roadrunner on Saturday Morning?33) The Kid Show （儿童演出？）-From Sesame Street to Barney32) MTV and the Music Video31) The College Sports Phenomenon （大学体育运动）-Especially Saturday Football!30) Disney （抵死你！哇）29) National Tabloids （小报）and Newspapers-From The National Inquirer to USA Today28) The Space Obsession （太空？）-From the First Man on the Moon to UFOs-From I Dream of Jeannie to The X Files27) The Super Hero （超人系列）-From Comic Books to Feature Film26) The Western and the Cult of the Cowboy （西部、牛仔）25) The Soap Opera （肥皂剧）24) Pop and Pulp Fiction Novels/Novelists （通俗小说）23) Max Factor and Make-up （这个是什么？）22) The Television Talk Show （TALK SHOW的中文对应词是啥？）-From Phil Donahue to Jerry Springer to Oprah21) The Pop Music Star(s) （通俗歌手）-Who Could Ignore Madonna, Britney Spears, the Spice Girls, and theOmni-present Boy Bands like N Sync?20) The Explosion of Mass Advertising and Marketing（大众广告和市场运做？）-From Major Labels (Coke and Levis) to Infomercials to ShoppingChannels to the Japanese Marketing Explosion (Hello Kitty, Pokemon)-Remember Darren on Bewitched?19) Disco (The 1970s) （迪斯科）-The Night Lifestyle-The Bee Gees-Cocaine-Studio 5418) The Situation Comedy （什么剧种？）17) The Video Revolution (1970-2000) （电视革命？）16) The Nickelodeon Boom (1905-7) （这个是什么？）15) The Culture/Class/Race/Sex Revolutions of the 1960s and 1970s （六、七十年代的文化/阶级/种族/性革命）-Civil Rights Movement-Feminist Movement-War Protests-Marijuana-Long Hair14) The Gramophone/Record Making/Tin Pan Alley Songwriters （？？？）13) Big Band and Swing （？？？？）-And the Crooners During That Time and Following…Bing Crosby,Dean Martin, Tony Bennett, Frankie Laine, Frank Sinatra-And What about the Ladies? Kay Starr? Jo Stafford? Doris Day?12) Fast-food Restaurants （快餐文化）11) Cable Television （有线电视）-The Channel Explosion of the 1990s-Satellite Dishes10) The Jazz Age （爵士时代）-Jazz and Blues Influences on Music-Speakeasies and Gin Joints and Mobs and Prohibition-F. Scott Fitzgerald and, of course, Zelda-The Harlem Renaissance9) The Development of "Hollywood" and the "Cult" of the "Star" （好赖物的发展以及“大腕”文化？）-Starting with the Silent Film-Polished Up in the Fifties with Figures like Elvis Presley and MarilynMonroe8) The Love Affair with Cars （和汽车有关的爱？倒~~）-What about That Man Named Ford and His Assembly Line?7) The Proliferation of Professional Sports （职业体育运动）-MLB, NBA, NFL, Wrestling, Nascar etc.-And Finally...Women's Professional Sports6) The Personal Computer and the Internet （个人电脑和网络）5) The Rise of Radio （电台的崛起？）-From Serials to Live Music Shows to Rock-DJs!4) The Sexual Revolution （性解放运动）-Mini Skirts-Helen Gurley Brown and Cosmopolitan-The Birth Control Pill-Pornography (Especially Playboy and Hustler)-Boob Jobs-Strip Clubs3) Feature Length Films （这个是什么？）-Who Was That D. W. Griffeth Anyway?2) The Advent of Rock and Roll （摇滚的发展）-1950s Motown...Chuck Berry, Little Richard (Black Impact on Music Still Lives Today with Rap and Hip-Hop)-Elvis Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis, Buddy Holly etc.-1960s British Invasion (From the Beatles to the Rolling Stones)-The American Counter with Janis Joplin, Jimi Hendrix, Woodstock etc....And the Most Important Moment in Twentieth Century American Popular Culture History (Drumroll Please)...1) The Invention of Television（电视的发明）“成千上万人疯狂下载。