机械类专业英语应用教程Unit 11
机械工程英语第二版part2unit11翻译
机械工程英语（第11单元）RapidPrototypingandManufacturingTechnologies快速原型制造和快速制造技术Introduction介绍forcomplexpatternsmakingandcomponentprototyping.Overthepastfewyear s,Avarietyofnewrapidmanufacturingtheologies,generallycalledRapidProto typingandManufacturing,haveemerged;thetechnologiesdevelopedincludes tereolithography(SL),selectivelasersintering(SLS),fuseddepositionmodeling(FSM),laminatedobjectmanufacturing(LOM),andthreedimensionalprint ing(3DPrinting)。
ThesetechnologiesarecapableofdirectlygeneratingphysicalobjectsfromCA Ddatabases.Theyhaveacommonimportantfeature:theprototypepartisprodu cedaddingmaterialsratherthanremovingmaterials,thatis,apartisfirstmodele个实体建模模块来建模，然后用数学的方法进行切层处理，使其成为一连串平行的横截面片。
每件，固化或具有约束力的路径生成。
这些固化或具有约束力路径是直接用于指导生产的部分机器固化或具有约束力的材料一致。
建成后，一层是，一个新的层是建立在以同样的方式前一个。
因此，该模型建立一层一层从底部到顶部。
RRProcessesRP反相进程Asmentionedearlier,thereareseveraltechnologiesavailableformodelprod uctionbasedontheprincipleof“growing”or“additive”manufacturing.Thema光固化成型机由3D系统公司的CharlesHull发明。
机械工程英语第二版partunit翻译
机械工程英语（第11单元）RapidPrototypingandManufacturingTechnologies快速原型制造和快速制造技术Introduction介绍Manufacturingcommunityisfacingtwoimportantchallengingtasks：（1）Substantialreductionofproductiondevelopmenttimes;and(2)Improvementonflexibili puter-aideddesig nandmanufacturing(CADandCam)havesignificantlyimprovedthetraditionalproducti ondesignandmanufacturing.However,thereareanumberofobstaclesintrueintegration ofcomputer-designwithcomputer-aidedmanufacturingforrapiddevelopmentofnewpr oducts.制造社会面临两个重要的艰巨任务：1大幅度减少产品开发时间，以及改善对弹性制造多品种，小批量大小的产品。
电脑辅助及制造大大改善了传统的生产设计和制造。
但是，有一个数字障碍计算机辅助设计与真正的一体化电脑辅助制造新产品的快速发展。
Tosubstantiallyshortenthetimefordevelopingpatterns,andprototypes,somemanuf acturingenterpriseshavestartedtouserapidprototypes(RP)methodsforcomplexpattern smakingandcomponentprototyping.Overthepastfewyears,Avarietyofnewrapidmanu facturingtheologies,generallycalledRapidPrototypingandManufacturing,haveemerg ed;thetechnologiesdevelopedincludestereolithography(SL),selectivelasersintering(S LS),fuseddepositionmodeling(FSM),laminatedobjectmanufacturing(LOM),andthre edimensionalprinting(3DPrinting)。
机械工程专业英语的某些单词和句子翻译
英译汉1.tolerance公差 puter-aided manufacturing计算机辅助制造 3.numerically controlled machines数控机床 4.necking颈缩 5.turning，drilling and boring operation 6.formability and machinability成形与可加工性 7.assembly lines装配线 8.dimensional accuracy尺寸精度 9.cross-sectional area横截面积 10.percentage elongation伸长率 11.structural strength结构强度 12.stress-strain curver应力应变曲淬火和内应力 14.earthmoving and construction equipment线 13.quenching and internal stresses土建设备 15.straightening operation 16.cracking and distortoon断裂和扭曲变形 17.light service at fractional horsepower小马力轻载 18.screw pump螺杆泵 19.steel sheet and rolled-steel shapes钢板和滚压成型钢 20.straightening operation矫正操作 21.sensing devices 传感器 21.digital or pulse motor数字与脉冲马达 22.drilling钻 boring齿轮加工镗 reaming铰 gear-cutting operations齿轮加工汉译英1.切削刀具cutting tools 2.紧固件，如螺母fasteners such as nuts 3.刚和铸铁steels and cast irons 4.马氏体和奥氏体martensite and autenite 5.机械特性mechanical properties puter-aided manufacturing计算机辅助制造 7.数控系统numerically controlled systems 8.大批量生产技术mass production techology 9.控制单元control units 10.靠模附件profiling attachment 11.弹性模量和伸长率elastic modulus and percentage elongation 12.规模经济economy of scale 13.闭环系统close-loop system 14.有色金属non-ferrous 15.液压系统hydraulic system 16.弹性和屈服极限elastic and yield limit 17.龙门刨工作台低碳钢和合金钢low-carbon steel and alloy steel 18.pianner-table 短句：1、low carbon steels do not become hard when subjected to such a heat treatment, because of the sma ll amount of carbon contained.当经历热处理、低碳钢不会变硬、因为含有少量碳。
机电专业英语第2版电子教案Unit11
机电专业英语第2版电子教案Unit11Unit 11CAD and ApplicationsI. Lead inInformation related to the textDo you know what the Computer Aided Design (CAD) is? Do you know the history of CAD? What are the advantages of the CAD? Maybe you have used the CAD yet, but do you know how you can use it? Can you give an example? In the unit, you will study the development of CAD and how it is widely used. Now, let’s study new words and phrases together.II. Word Study1. appropriate [?'pr?uprieit] a. 适当的v. 占用；拨出1）Use the lists below to select the appropriate delimiter.请用下面的列表选择相应的定界符。
2）A focus and concern on climate change is entirely appropriate.对于气候变化的聚焦和关注是完全恰当的。
3）This is the "all appropriate measures" school of policy analysis.这是政策分析中的“所有适当措施”学派。
2. interactive [,int?'r?ktiv] a. 交互式的，相互作用的1）Reading is a complex and interactive process.阅读是一个复杂和互动的过程。
机械专业英语
机械专业英语Unit1(1-8)GD&T(Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing) 几何精度设计MMC(Maximum Material Condition ) 最大实体条件LMC(Least Material Condition) 最小实体条件RFS(Regardless of Feature size) 独立原则the rule of thumb 经验方法title block 工程图明细表（标题栏）interference fit 过盈配合bilateral tolerance 双向公差unilateral tolerance 单向公差allowance 配合公差deflection 偏差、绕度ASME（American Society of Mechanical Engineers）美国机械工程协会IOS(International Origanization For Standardization ) 国际标准化组织Unit2(1-21)statics静力学 stationary systems 静态系统dynamics动力学 gear齿轮shaft轴 meshing teeth齿合传动connecting rod 连杆 remain at rest静止bearing轴承 sleeve bearing套筒轴承lever杠杆 pulley滚轮，滑轮，滚筒cam凸轮 follower传动件intensity强度 oil film油膜matter物质 mass质量volume体积 a unit volume单位体积density密度 inertia惯性weight重量 plastic塑性elastic弹性 elastic-body弹性物质particle粒子（质点） applied forces应力rigid刚体 rigid body刚体物质Newton’s Laws牛顿定律 vector矢量uniform velocity匀速 acceleration加速度moments力矩 couple力偶，力矩constraint forces约束力 free-body自由体kinematic pairs运动副 diagram图表SI unit（standard international unit）标准国际单位制Unit 3(1-9)RFS: Regardless of Feature Size 独立原则CAM: Computer-Aided Manufacturing 计算机辅助制造CAD; Computer -Aided Design 计算机辅助设计CNC: Computer Numerical Control 电脑数值控制DNC: Distributed Numerical Control 分布式数值控制straight lever 直杆 case 情况、例子fulcrum 支点 effort 作用力、力applied at b 作用在b点 load 载荷lever 杠杆 in equilibrium 处于平衡态applied effort 作用力 product 乘积force -amplifying ability 力放大的能力 plier 镊子、钳子movement 运动 scissor 剪刀、（v）删去wheelbarrow 手推车 operate 运转、操作、起作用handle 手柄 function （n)功能、函数motion -multiplying 运动放大 device 装置foot treadle 脚踏板 treadle 踏板（v）开动axle 轴、车轴、轮轴 basically 基本上leverage principle 杠杆原理 radius 半径cord 绳索 wrap 缠绕、包the wheel and axle 差动滑轮 spoked wheel 辐轮screwdriver 螺丝刀 screw 螺丝钉、螺丝wheel 车轮 groove 槽、凹槽pulley 滑轮、皮带轮 bearing 轴承mechanical advantage 机械效率 bearing block 轴承座， singly 逐一地、个别地、各自地magnitude 大小 block and tackle 滑轮组tension 拉力、张力 shaft 轴Unit4(1-9)mechanism 机制；原理，途径；进程；机械装置；技巧 link 连杆pivot 枢轴 flexible 柔性belt 带 rope 绳cable 揽 chain 链cams 凸轮 gear 齿轮friction wheel 摩擦轮 rigid connecting link 刚性连杆coupler耦合器；联结器 ratio 比例direct -contact 直接接触 oscillate 摆动deterioration 磨损 pure rolling 纯滚动cylinder 圆柱体 common normal 公法线load 载荷 positive drive 主动驱动profile 轮廓 conjugate profile 共轭轮廓involute 渐开线 gear teeth 齿轮轮齿base circle 基圆 contact curve 啮合曲线conjugate action 共轭运动 pitch circle 节圆equally spaced 等间距periphery 外围ellipse 椭圆形 truncate 截断Unit5(1-8)drag-link mechanism 双曲柄机构crank-rocker mechanism曲柄摇杆机构double-rocker mechanism双摇杆机构angular momentum 角动量linkage 连杆 pin connection 铰式连接joint 运动副 degrees of freedom 自由度rigid frame 刚性支撑（构架） constrained motion 运动约束mechanism 机构 drag-link mechanism 双曲柄机构crank 摇杆 quick-return 急回运动follower 从动件 dead position 死点graphic method 绘图法 analogue 模拟量extreme position 极限位置 torque 力矩self-lock clamp 自锁夹具 piston 活塞steam engine 发动机（蒸汽） curve 曲线rod 连杆 slot 槽stop 止动销 strap 带cylinder 汽缸 wrist pin 肘节销throw of crank 冲程 pump 汞Unit 6(全)flywheel惯性飞轮 rotating shaft 旋转轴moderating 减速的 force 力，强制，强作fluctuations 波动 brakes 刹车，制动系统measure 测量 moment of inertia 惯性矩，转动惯量property 属性，特性，性能 the axis of rotation 旋转轴multiple 乘 particle 微粒，粒子，质点inertia 惯性，惯量 handbook 手册，指南integral 整体，积分 calculus 微积分rim 边缘，框 a central hub 一个中心枢纽spokes 辐条，轮辐 a circular plate 一个圆形的板torque 扭转力，力矩 turning force 回转力，转动力clockwise torque 顺时针力矩 angular 角度velocity 速度，速率 inertia 惯性，惯矩reciprocating engine 往复式发动机 revolution 旋转，公转gas pressure 气压，气体压力，气体压强 cylinders 圆筒，气缸，液压油缸the connecting rod 连接杆 crankshaft 曲轴，机轴，曲柄轴crank 曲柄 rotating mechine 旋转机械torque variations 扭矩变化 a puch press 冲床sheet metal 金属片，薄板 constant-stress disk 恒定应力盘idling 空转，空档，空载 the driving motor 驱动点机downstroke 下行冲程 a spinning flywheel 一个旋转的飞轮in diameter 直径 a hydraulic system 液压系统on the trolleybuses 在无轨电车 the power lines 电源线a plain disk 一个简单的磁盘 tapered 锥形的Unit7(1-15)pitch diameters of the driving 驱动节圆直径given deflection per inch of span 给定每英寸偏转的跨度driving sheave diameter 驱动滑轮直径hypothetical development friction drives 摩擦传动small precision journal bearings 低精度径向轴承cyclical linear or angularmotion 周期性的线性或角运动multi-spindle automatic screw machines 多轴自动螺纹车床valve and injector actuation 阀和喷油器驱动friction phenomena in bearings 轴承的摩擦现象perpendicular and nonintersecting 垂直相交inclined at any arbitrary angle 在任意倾斜角度plain bearings普通轴承，滑动轴承 sliding support 滑动架timing belts 同步皮带 initial tension 初始拉伸bending moment 弯曲力矩 motor shaft 电机轴roller chain 滚子链 inverted tooth (silent) chain 倒齿链attachment points 附件点 oscillating motion 摆动运动tool slides 刀架 die design 模具设计efficient mechanisms 有效机制 indexing devices 索引设备roller chain link plates 滚子链链板 contoured periphery 波状外围轮廓线internal combustion engines 内燃 belt drive 皮带传动(gaseous lubricant气体润滑剂 partial bearing局部承压thrust bearings推力轴承 self-lubrication自润滑adjacent lubricant layers相邻的润滑剂层 metal-to-metal金属对金属间gear terminology 齿轮的术语 spur gear直齿轮，圆柱齿轮pitch circle 节圆 imaginary circle 虚圆friction rollers摩擦辊 pitch diameter节圆直径pitch radius节圆半径 pitch point节点addendum circle 齿顶圆 dedendum circle齿根圆radial distance径向距离 circular pitch齿距the circular pitches圆周齿节 meshing gears啮合齿轮diameter pitch直径节距 tooth space 齿间隙face width齿面宽 face 齿面flank 齿侧 pressure angle压力角line of action啮合线 pinion小齿轮backlash 齿隙 clearance 间隙working depth工作齿高 base circle基圆tooth thickness齿厚 fillet圆角module模块，组件 diametric point pitch 正相反的点距sheave n. 带轮 centroid n. 质心，重心span n. 中心距 sprocket n. 链轮journal n. 轴颈，杂 guide bearing 导向轴承 _)Unit8 (1-7)heat treatment 热处理 physical property 物理特性procedure 工序 soften 变软cutting 切削 toughness 韧性hardening 硬化，淬火 tempering 回火annealing 退火 quench 淬火case hardening 表面硬化（渗碳） operation 工艺warp 翘曲，扭曲 tensile strength 拉伸强度ductility 延展性 brine 盐水nitrogen 氮 ammonia 氨（水）martensite 马氏体 austenite 奥氏体ferrite 铁素体 pearlite 珠光体precipitation 沉淀 agglomeration 结块ductile 柔软的 carbide 碳化物aggregate 使聚集 nitride 渗氮carbon steels 碳钢 eutectoid 共晶体fineness 晶粒细化 cold-working 冷加工spheroidize 球化（处理） hypoeutectoid 亚共析（的）Hypereutectoid 过共析体 Cementite 渗碳体（n.）carbonitriding 碳氮共渗 carburize 渗碳（vt.）carbonaceous 含碳的 decarburize 脱碳Unit9(1-5)property 性能 serviceability 适用性conceptual 方案设计 functional 功能设计production design过程设计 liability action 责任诉讼prototype 样机 specimen 样本working model 实物模型 hardness 硬度value of yield strength屈服强度 ultimate strength 极限强度percentage elongation 延伸率 tension test 拉伸试验ductility 延展性 fracture 断裂brittle 脆性 ductile 柔性cross section 横截面 cold-work冷加工plastic deformation 塑性变形 guage length 标距pyramid 锥体 indentation 压痕biaxial 二维 triaxial三维unit10(1-14)CNC computer numerital control lathe 计算机数控车床lathe车床 machine机床machined surface加工表面 turret刀架，六角刀架turret lathe六角车床 horizontal bed水平工作台headstock床头箱 carriage托板，刀架faceplace花盘 chuck卡盘collet夹头 main spindle主轴electric motor电机 cutting tool刀具cross slide横刀架 modem turret lathe调制解调器转塔车床contour轮廓 cylindrical surface圆柱形表面cylindrical turning外圆车削 feed-motion进给运动displacement位移 stroke行程one cut一次走刀 high feed（roughing cut）粗加工low feed(finish cut)精加工 horizontal-spindle lathe水平主轴车床work-holding device工件夹紧装置 vertical-boring machine立式镗床horizontal borer卧式镗床 planing machine刨床base基座 transient surface过渡表面rack-and-pinion齿条与齿轮，齿轮齿条副 single-point tool单点刀具turning车削 facing端面车削boring镗削 radial T slot径向T型槽Unit 11(最后两段不用)Boring. 镗孔，镗削 taper锥形，锥度，逐渐变细，逐渐减少taper turning 锥形车削 bowling pin. 保龄球棒feed 供给，进给，走刀 shaped 成形的，仿形的radial. 径向的，（沿）半径的 radius半径 facing端面车削，刮削planing刨削，刨工 shaper. 牛头刨床shaping牛头刨削 grinding machine 磨床reaming 铰孔，扩孔，清除毛边 tapping 攻丝counterboring 镗孔 hobbing 滚铣，滚齿hack sawing 弓锯 broaching 拉削honing 搪磨 lapping 研磨，抛光superfinishing. 超精加工 buffing 擦光，磨光variant 变量 planer 龙门刨床drilling machine 钻床，钻机 milling machine 铣削机，铣床coolant冷却剂，冷却液 phonograph 留音机，电唱机tone arm. 唱臂，拾音器臂 reevaluation. 重新评价feedback. 反馈，成果 recycle 再循环，回收，重复利用dictate 规定，限定，确定指挥 serviceability 使用能力liability 责任，义务，赔偿责任 foot-powered 脚踏动力machine tools 机床 metal cutting. 金属切削wedge-shaped tool. 锲形工具 workpiece工件severely deformed chip 严重畸形的芯片rigidly supports 刚性支撑thickness. 厚度 operation 路径，工序geometry 部分 axis. 旋转轴turning 车削 hollow tube. 空心管uniformly varying diameter 直径均匀变化rigid 刚性 contour formed 仿形车削strationry. 固定不动 reciprocation. 往复运动relative motion 相对运动 specified. 规定geometrical. 几何 precise. 精确的ductile material 塑性材料 grinding 磨削reaming. 铰刀 fundamentaly. 基本法则Unit12(1-6)computer-aided design CAD 电脑辅助设计Initial Graphics Exchange Specification 初始图形交换规范（IGES）Product Data Exchange Specification (PDES) 产品数据交换规范mechanism 机制原理 thermal properties 热力性质dynamics 力学 geometry 几何学material properties 材料属性 manufactured 制造加工tolerances 界值容差 parameters 参数mainframes 大型主机 vibrations 振动manufacturing 制造业 horsepower 马力criteria 标准 kinematics n.(纯)运动学，(纯)运动论psi=pounds per square inch 磅/英寸 stand-alone a.(电脑外围)可独立应用的delve.穴，坑，凹地 off-the-shelf a. 成品的Unit 13(1-8)assembly 装配 scrap 废料cutting parameters 切削参数 group 存储routings 衔接 gauges 标准尺寸fixtures 大夹具 jigs 小夹具CIM 计算机集成制造 convert 转化generative approach 创生法 variant approach 派生法coding 编码 graphical图形gear tooth 直齿 timelag 滞后chamfer 倒角 slot 槽casting 铸件 payback period 回收期reinforcement 加强件 algorithms 运算法则near-net-shape 接近 sponsorship 发起Unit 14(1-9)CAM computer-aided manufacturing 计算机辅助制造CAD computer-aided design 计算机辅助设计DNC direct numerical control 直接数控CNC computer numerical control 计算机数控Turning 车削 milling 铣削drilling钻削 punching冲孔clamp夹具 fixture 夹具prototype 样机 mockup 模型NC numerical control 数控 Cutting fluid 切削液magnetic tape 磁带盒 cassette 盘floppy 软磁碟 hard disk硬盘contour 零件 die sinking 开模bug-free 无故障的 sampling rate 采样率 resolution 分辨率open-loop 开环 closed-loop闭环transducers变送器 sensors 传感器counters 计数器 coordinates 协调器point-to-point点对点 contouring 轮廓leadscrews 丝杆 backlash 背隙lathes车床 milling machines铣床grinders 磨床 welding machinery 焊接机床Unit 15(1-12)continuum n.连续统一体，闭联集 labor cost 工资费用，劳动成本marketplace n.市场 stand-alone adj. 独立的low-volume 小容量的小量的 bug 缺陷错误high-volume 大量运用的，大量生产的 outset 开端开始troubleshooter 故障诊断，检修员 labor-intensive 劳动密集型void 空白空间空隙 lead time 交付周期产品设计至实际投产的时间间隔(括号里的是课文段落翻译比较可能考的)P24第三段P19第五段注意一下。
机械类专业英语课文参考翻译整理版
第一课It is known that metals are very important in our life. Metals have the greatest importance for industry. All machines and other engineering constructions have metal parts; some of them consist only of metal parts.众所周知，金属在我们的生活中是非常重要的，金属对于工业而言是有巨大的重要性，所有机器和其他工程构造都有金属零部件，其中一些还只能由金属组成。
There are two large groups of metals:1) Simple metal- more or less pure chemical elements2) Alloys- materials consisting of a simple metal combined with some other elements.有两大类金属：（1）纯金属——或多或少的金属元素（2）合金——组成纯金属的原料结合其他元素。
About two thirds of all elements found in the earth are metals, but not all metals may be used in industry. Those metals which are used in industry are called engineering metals. The most important engineering metal is iron, which in the form of alloys with carbon and other elements, finds greater use than any other metal. Metals consisting of iron combined with some other elements are known as ferrous metals; all the other metals are called nonferrous metals. The most important nonferrous metal are copper, aluminum, lead, zinc, tin, but all these metals are used much less than ferrous metals, because the ferrous metals are much cheaper.在地球上发现的所有元素中，大约三分之二是金属元素，但是并不是所有的金属都能够用于工业上。
(完整版)机械类专业英语课文参考翻译
第一课Text:It is known that metals are very important in our life. Metals have the greatest importance for industry. All machines and other engineering[7endVi5niEriN] constructions have metal[5metl] parts; some of them consist only of metal parts.众所周知，金属在我们的生活中是非常重要的，金属对于工业而言是有巨大的重要性，所有机器和其他工程构造都有金属零部件，其中一些还只能由金属组成。
There are two large groups of metals:1) Simple metal- more or less pure chemical elements[5elimEnt]2) Alloys[5AlCi]- materials consisting of a simple metal combined with some other elements.有两大类金属：（1）纯金属——或多或少的金属元素（2）合金——组成纯金属的原料结合其他元素。
About two thirds of all elements found in the earth are metals, but not all metals may be used in industry. Those metals which are used in industry are called engineering metals. The most important engineering metalis iron[5aiEn], which in the form of alloys with carbon[5kB:bEn] and other elements, finds greater use than any other metal. Metals consisting of iron combined with some other elements are known as ferrous[5ferEs] metals; all the other metals are called nonferrous[5nCn5ferEs] metals. The most important nonferrous metal arecopper[5kCpE], aluminum[E5lju:minEm], lead[li:d], zinc[ziNk], tin[tin], but all these metals are used muchless than ferrous metals, because the ferrous metals are much cheaper.在地球上发现的所有元素中，大约三分之二是金属元素，但是并不是所有的金属都能够用于工业上。
机工英语lesson11
• Cranes have replaced derricks on many modern ships.Positioned between the holds, often on a platform which can be rotated through 360°, the deck crane provides an immediately operational unit requiring only one man to operate it. • 在现代船舶上，克令吊已经代替吊杆起货 装置。克令吊安装在两货舱之间的可以 360°旋转的一个平台上，装备了可立即操 作的装置，急需一人操作。
• Other items include lifeboats and liferafts, emergency equipment, watertight doors, stabilizers and bow thrusters. • 其他还包括救生艇筏，应急设备，水密门， 减摇装置和首侧推装置。
• The warp end is used when moving the ship using ropes or wires fastened to bollards ashore and wrapped around the warp end of the winch.
• 卷缆端在用缆绳或钢缆移船时使用，此时 缆绳一端系于岸上的系缆桩，另一端缠绕 在卷缆端。
• Anchor capstans are used in some installations the cable lifter rotates about a vertical axis. Only the cable lifter unit is located on deck, the driving machinery being on the deck below。 • 一些绞锚装置装有錨绞盘，锚链轮绕垂直 轴旋转。仅猫链轮在甲板上，驱动机构在 甲板以下。
工程机械专业英语推土机(Bulldozers)3-Unit11-newwords生
工程机械专业英语推土机(Bulldozers)3Unit11newwords一、单词列表1. Bulldozer（名词）：推土机2. Blade（名词）：刀片，推土机的铲刀3. Cab（名词）：驾驶室4. Track（名词）：履带5. Transmission（名词）：传动系统6. Hydraulics（名词）：液压系统7. Grader（名词）：平地机8. Excavator（名词）：挖掘机9. Loader（名词）：装载机10. Dozer（名词）：推土机（口语表达）二、单词解析1. Bulldozer：推土机是工程机械中的一种，主要用于土地平整、挖掘和装载等工作。
2. Blade：推土机的铲刀，用于推土、挖土和装载物料。
3. Cab：驾驶室是推土机操作员的工作场所，通常配备有座椅、控制系统和显示器等。
4. Track：履带是推土机行走部分的关键部件，使推土机能在复杂地形上稳定行驶。
5. Transmission：传动系统负责将发动机的动力传递到推土机的各个工作部件。
6. Hydraulics：液压系统是推土机实现各种动作的关键，如铲刀升降、转向等。
7. Grader：平地机，与推土机类似，主要用于道路、场地平整作业。
8. Excavator：挖掘机，用于挖掘土石方，与推土机在功能上有所区别。
9. Loader：装载机，主要用于装载、搬运物料，与推土机在某些场合可互换使用。
10. Dozer：推土机的口语表达，常用于施工现场的交流。
三、实用例句1. The bulldozer is equipped with a powerful blade for efficient earthmoving.（这台推土机配备了一个强大的铲刀，用于高效的土石方作业。
）2. The operator sits in the cab, controlling thebulldozer with ease.（操作员坐在驾驶室里，轻松地控制着推土机。
机械制造专业英语课后标准答案(部分)
专业英语翻译一stressand strain（应力与应变）1the fundamental concepts 基本概念cross section 横截面 the internal stresses produced in the bar 杆的内应力 continuous distribution of hydrostatic pressure 流体静压力 the tensile load 拉伸载荷 a uniform distribution over the cross section 在横截面均匀分布arbitrary cross-sectional shape 任意截面形状tensile stresses 拉应力compressive stresses 压应力a normal stress 正应力through the centroid of the cross sectional area 通过横截面形心the uniform stress condition 压力均匀分布the stress distribution at the ends of the bar 杆末端应力分布 high localized stresses 高度应力集中an axially loaded bar 轴向载荷杆件a tensile strain 拉应变 an elongation or stretching of the material 材料拉伸 a compressive strain 压应变 the ratio of two lengths 两个长度的比值purely statical and geometrical considerations 从纯静态以及几何角度考虑1.That branch of scientific analysis which motions, times and forces is called mechanics and is made up of two parts, statics and dynamics. 研究位移、时间和力运动乘力是科学分析法的一个分支，被称作力学，力学由两大部分组成，静力学和动力学。
《机械工程专业英语教程》课文翻译
机械工程专业英语教程第一课：机械工程简介Introduction to Mechanical EngineeringSection 1: OverviewMechanical engineering is a diverse and dynamic field that encompasses the design, development, and operation of machinery, structures, and systems. This branch of engineering plays a crucial role in various industries, including automotive, aerospace, manufacturing, and energy.Section 2: Responsibilities and SkillsAs a mechanical engineer, your responsibilities will include designing and analyzing mechanical systems, conducting tests and experiments, and supervising the manufacturing process. You will also need to have a strong understanding of physics, mathematics, and computer-aided design (CAD). Additionally, problem-solving skills, attention to detail, and the ability to work well in teams are essential.Section 3: Career OpportunitiesA degree in mechanical engineering can open up a wide range of career opportunities. You could work in research and development, product design, manufacturing, or projectmanagement. Mechanical engineers are in demand in almost every industry, ensuring a stable and rewarding career path.Section 4: University CoursesTo become a mechanical engineer, it is essential to pursue a degree in mechanical engineering from a reputable university. The curriculum typically includes courses in engineering principles, materials science, thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and mechanical design. Additionally, practical training through internships or cooperative education programs is crucial for gaining hands-on experience.Section 5: ConclusionMechanical engineering offers a challenging and rewarding career for those with a passion for solving problems and a desire to create innovative solutions. With the right education and skills, you can embark on a successful journey in the field of mechanical engineering. Remember, the possibilities are endless in this ever-evolving discipline.第二课：机械设计基础Fundamentals of Mechanical DesignSection 1: IntroductionIn this lesson, we will explore the fundamentals of mechanical design. Mechanical design involves the creation and development of physical systems and components that meet specific requirements and specifications. This processrequires a deep understanding of materials, mechanics, and engineering principles.Section 2: Design ProcessThe design process typically follows a systematic approach that includes several stages. These stages include problem identification, conceptual design, detailed design, manufacturing, and testing. Each stage involves various activities such as brainstorming, prototyping, and evaluation.Section 3: Design ConsiderationsDuring the design process, there are several important considerations to keep in mind. These include functionality, efficiency, reliability, safety, and cost-effectiveness. It is also crucial to consider the environmental impact and sustainability of the design.Section 4: Tools and SoftwareTo aid in the design process, engineers use various tools and software. Computer-aided design (CAD) software allows for precise modeling and simulation of mechanical systems. Finite element analysis (FEA) software helps in analyzing the structural integrity and performance of designs.Section 5: Case StudyTo further understand the application of mechanical design principles, we will examine a case study. This real-world example will demonstrate how the design process isimplemented to solve a specific problem and achieve desired outcomes.Section 6: ConclusionMechanical design is a critical aspect of mechanical engineering. It requires a combination of creativity, technical knowledge, and attention to detail. By mastering the fundamentals of mechanical design, you will be well-equippedto tackle complex challenges and contribute to the development of innovative solutions.以上是《机械工程专业英语教程》的课文翻译。
机械工程专业英语Unit 11
The carriage. The main function of the carriage is mounting of the cutting tools and generating longitudinal and/or cross feeds.
The Lathe and Its Construction 车床及其结构
A lathe is a machine tool used primarily for producing surfaces of revolution and flat edges.
车床是主要用于生成旋转表面和平整边缘的机床。
尾架：尾架装配基本包括三部分，底座、尾架体和套筒轴 。
The lower base is a casting that can slide on the lathe bed along the guideways, and it has a clamping device to enable locking the entire tailstock at any desired location, depending upon the length of the workpiece.
齿轮箱的功能是给主轴提供若干不同的速度(通常是6到18个单 位速度)。
Some modern lathes have headstocks with infinitely variable spindle speeds, which employ frictional ,electrical ,or hydraulic drives.
根据它们的使用目的、结构、能同时被安装刀具的数量和 自动化的程度，车床—或更确切地说是车床类的机床，可 以被分成以下几类：
专业英语第11课
Lesson11 Numerical control1.IntroductionOne of the most fundamental concepts in the area of advanced manufacturing technologies is numerical control(NC).Controlling a machine tool using a punched tape or stored program is know as numerical control(NC).NC has been defined by the Electronic Industries Association (EIA) as "a system in which actions are controlled by the direct insertion of numerical data at some point. The system must automatically interpret at least some portion of this data". The numerical data required to produce a part is know as a part program.A numerical control machine tool system contains a machine control unit (MCU) and the machine tool itself（Figure 2.4).The MCU is further divided into two elements: the data processing unit (DPU) and the control loops unit(CLU).The DPU processes the coded data from the tape or other media and passes information on the position of each axis, required direction of motion ,feed rate ,and auxiliary function control signals to the CLU. The CLU operates the drive mechanisms of the machine, receives feed back signals concerning the actual position and velocity of each of the axes, and signals of the completion of operation . The DPU sequentially reeds the data. When each line has completed execution as noted by theanother line ofdata is read.第11课数控1.简介在制造科技领域最重要的基本概念之一是数字控制。
机械专业英语Unit11-教案
主要教学步骤和教学内容课程回顾：回顾Hydraulics相关方面的内容新课讲授：Machine tools are machines for cutting metals.The most importantmachine tools used in industry are lathes,drilling machines. Other kinds of metal working machines are not so widely used in machine metals as these three kinds.机床是用来切削金属的机器。
工业上最重要的机床有车床、钻床和铣床。
其他种类的机床没有这三种使用范围如此广泛。
A lathe is a machine tool for cutting metai form the surface of a round work fastened between the two lathe centers and turning around its axis . In turning the work a cutter moves in the direction paraiiel to the axis of rotation of the work or at an angel to this axis,cutting off the metai from the surface of the work . This movement of the cutter is called the feed. The cutter is clamped in thetool post that is mounted on the carriage. The carriage is the mechanism feeding the cutter in the needed direction . The lathe may feed the cutter by hand or may make it be fed automatically by means of special gears.车床是一种机床，它用来切削装夹在车床两顶尖之间并且围绕轴线旋转的圆形工作表面的金属。
机械工程英语第二版part2unit11翻译(参考模板)
机械工程英语（第11单元）Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing Technologies快速原型制造和快速制造技术Introduction介绍Manufacturing community is facing two important challenging tasks：（1）Substantial reduction of production development times; and (2) Improvement on flexibility for manufacturing multi-variety and small batch-size products. Computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD and Cam) have significantly improved the traditional production design and manufacturing. However, there are a number of obstacles in true integration of computer-design with computer-aided manufacturing for rapid development of new products.制造社会面临两个重要的艰巨任务：1大幅度减少产品开发时间，以及改善对弹性制造多品种，小批量大小的产品。
电脑辅助及制造大大改善了传统的生产设计和制造。
但是，有一个数字障碍计算机辅助设计与真正的一体化电脑辅助制造新产品的快速发展。
To substantially shorten the time for developing patterns, and prototypes, some manufacturing enterprises have started to use rapid prototypes(RP)methods for complex patterns making and component prototyping. Over the past few years, A variety of new rapid manufacturing theologies, generally called Rapid Prototyping andManufacturing ,have emerged; the technologies developed include stereo lithography(SL),selective laser sintering (SLS), fused deposition modeling(FSM),laminated object manufacturing(LOM),and three dimensional printing (3D Printing)。
机械英语综合教程Lesson 11 Introduction to Mould
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Big Mind
Introduction to Mould Mould is a fundamental technological device for industrial production. Industrially produced goods are formed in moulds which are designed and built specially for them. The mould is the core part of manufacturing process because its cavity gives its shape. There are many kinds of moulds, such as casting & forging dies, drawing dies, injection moulds, extruding moulds, compressing moulds, etc. The following is the introduction of some of the moulding processes and the corresponding moulds used. Compression Moulding Compression moulding is the least complext of the moulding processes and is the ideal for large parts of low-quantity production. For low-quantity requirements it is more economical to build a compression mould than an injection mould. Compression moulds are often used for proto-typing, where samples are needed for testing fit and forming into assemblies. This allows for further design modification before building an injection mould for high-quantity production. Compression moulding is best suited for designs where tight tolerance are not required. Injection Moulding Injection moulding is the most complex of the moulding processes. Due to the more complex design of the injection mould, it is more expensive to purchase than a cast or compression mould. Although tooling costs can be high, cycle time is much faster than other processes and the part cost can be low, particularly when the process is automated. Injection moulding is well suited for moulding delicately shaped parts because high pressure (as much as 29000 psi) is maintained on the material to push it into every corner of the mould cavity.
机械专业英语图解教程
diestock
differential gear
disc brake drilling machine expanded metal
dowel
drawing board
drift
drill
dog clutch plate clutch clutch
faceplate
feeler gauge
90 0 dial gauge
常用工具 机械零部件和机构
abrasive disc
adjustable spanner
Allen key
angle iron (plate)
anivil
arbor
ball bearing
bandsaw
bifurcated rivet
beam compass belt
brace
breast drill
washer
worm
worm wheel
worm gear
water-cooled engine
workbench
grinding machine
gear train
spur gear
spiral(helical) gear
gouge
gear cutter
grub screw
knob gudgeon pin shaft
piston ring 活塞环
poppet valve 气门 提升阀
power hammer 气锤
press 冲床 压力机
80 120
40
160
/m3 200
pressure gauge 压力表
propeller 螺旋桨
propeller shaft 传动轴
机械专业英语(章跃版)课后英汉翻译讲解
第一章：应力与应变1.That branch of scientific analysis which motions, times and forces is called mechanics and is made up of two parts, statics and dynamics.研究位移、时间和力运动乘力是科学分析法的一个分歧，被称作力学，力学由两大部分组成，静力学和动力学。
2.For example, if the force operating on a sleeve bearing becomes too high, it will squeeze out the oil film and cause metal-to-metal contact, overheating and rapid failure of the bearing.例如：如果止推轴承上的作用力过大的话，会挤出油膜，引起金属和金属之间的相互接触，轴承将过热而迅速失效。
3.Our intuitive concept of force includes such ideas as place of application, direction, and magnitude, and these are called the characteristics of a force.力的直观概念包括力的作用点、大小、方向，这些被称为力的三要素。
4.All bodies are either elastic or plastic and will be deformed if acted upon by forces. When the deformation of such bodies is small, they are frequently assumed to be rigid, i.e., incapable of deformation, in order to simplify the analysis.所有的物体既可以是弹性的也可以是塑性的，如果受到力的作用就产生变形。
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难句释义
• To this end robots have in-built dual safety chains or run-chains. • “To this end”意为“为此”，“in-built”意为“内置的”。全句译为：为 此，机器人内置有双重安全链条或运行链条。
难句释义
• For seam welding, some suppliers provide complete welding systems with the robot, i.e. the welding equipment along with other material handling facilities like turntables etc. as an integrated unit. • “i.e.”意为“也就是”，“etc.”意为“等等”。全句译为：对于焊缝焊接， 一些供应商可提供由机器人构成的完整的焊接系统，也就是将焊接设备与 其他材料处理装置，如转盘等，集成为一个单元。
难句释义
• Since then robotics has evolved in a multitude of directions, starting from using them in welding, painting, in assembly, machine tool loading and unloading, inspection, agriculture, nursing purposes, medical surgery, military, security, machine-tools to undersea and space explorations. • “a multitude of”意为“大量的”。全句译为：从那时起，机器人在许多领 域得到了长足的发展，在焊接、喷涂、装配、机床装载和卸载、农业、医 护、医疗、军队、安全和机床行业广泛应用，并应用于海底和空间探索。
难句释义
• A robot is formally defined in the International Standard of Organization (ISO) as a reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools or specialized devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks. • 该句给出机器人的两种并列的定义，一种是“manipulator”，另一种是 “specialized devices”。全句译为：国际标准组织（ISO）将机器人正式定 义为：机器人是用以搬运材料、零件、工具的可编程序的多功能操作器， 或是通过可改变程序动作来执行各种作业的特殊机械装置。
难句释义
• However, they can be easily retrained or reprogrammed to perform an array of different tasks, whereas an automated special-purpose machine, including a CNC machine, can perform only a very limited class of tasks. • “retained”和“reprogrammed”为近义词，只翻译一个即可；“an array of” 表示“大量，一系列”；“whereas”意为“然而”。全句译为：但是，机 器人很容易通过重新编程来执行一系列不同的作业，然而自动化专用机床， 包括计算机数控机床，只能执行有限种类的任务。
难句释义
• In recent times however, in addition to the automotive sector, strong demand from the electronic component industry, the communication equipment industry and the computer industry is reinforcing the gain of the market share. • “automotive sector”意为“汽车行业”。全句译为：但是近来，除了汽车 行业外，来自电子元件产业、通信设备产业和计算机产业对机器人的强烈 需求也加强了机器人的市场icient but totally lacking in emotions, these robots were first thought to be an improvement over the human beings since they did as they were told without a question. • 翻译时将“these robots”提到句首。全句译为：这些机器人效率很高但是 完全没有情感，因此起初被认为是人类的改进，因为他们会没有任何质疑 的服从人类的指示。
难句释义
• If a flat piece of conductor material called the Hall chip is attached to a potential difference on its two opposite faces, then the voltage across the perpendicular faces is zero. • 全句译为：霍尔芯片是一种平板导体材料。如果给霍尔芯片的两个对面连 接一个电位差，则通过与其垂直平面的电压为0。
难句释义
• They are exceptionally powerful devices, especially models with a large capacity and reach. • “exceptionally”意为“格外地、异常地”，“capacity”译为“生产能力”， “reach”译为“行程”。全句译为：工业机器人是非常强大的设备，尤其 是那些生产能力大、行程大的设备。