外文翻译-环球接头的结构设计和优化

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机械业内常用的中英文术语对照

1.3 弯管 Bend
预制弯管 fabricated pipe bend
跨越弯管（^ 形） cross-over bend
偏置弯管（~ 形） offset bend
90巴涔?quarter bend
环形弯管 cirele bend
单侧偏置90巴涔埽? 形） single offset quarter bend
承插焊法兰 socket welding flange
松套法兰 lap joint flange (LJF)
对焊法兰 welding neckflange (WNF)
法兰盖 blind flange, blind
孔板法兰 orifice flange
异径法兰 reducing flange
双夹套垫片 double jacketed gasket
金属包石棉平垫片 flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket
整体金属齿形垫片 solid metal serrated gasket
槽形金属垫片 grooved metal gasket
环形连接金属垫片 ring joint metal gasket
螺栓圆 bolt circle (B.C.)
1.5 垫片 Gasket (GSKT)
垫片的型式 type of gasket
平垫片 flat gasket
环形平垫片 flat ring gasket
平金属垫片 flat metal gasket
夹棉织物的橡胶 elastomer with cotton fabric insertion
短半径弯头 short radius elbow

管道工程英文术语缩写

管道工程英文术语缩写（中英对照）1.管子及管件1.1 P 管子 Pipe1.2 EL 弯头1.2.1 ELL 长半径弯头1.2.2 ELS 短半径弯头1.2.3 MEL 斜接弯头（虾米腰弯头）1.2.4 REL 异径弯头1.3 T 三通 Tee1.3.1 LT 斜三通1.3.2 RT 异径三通1.4 R 异径管接头（大小头） Reducer1.4.1 CR 同心异径管接头（同心大小头） Concentric reducer 1.4.2 ER 偏心异径管接头（偏心大小头） Eccentric reducer 1.5 CPL 管箍 Coupling1.5.1 FCPL 双头管箍 Full coupling1.5.2 HCPL 单头管箍 Half coupling1.5.3 RCPL 异径管箍 Reducing coupling1.6 BU 内外螺纹接头 Bushing1.7 UN 活接头 Union1.8 HC 软管接头 Hose coupler1.9 SE 翻边短节 Stub end1.10 NIP 短节 Pipe nipple or straight nipple1.10.1 SNIP 异径短节 Swaged nipple1.11 CP 管帽（封头） Cap1.12 PL 管堵（丝堵） Plug1.13 BLK 盲板 Blank1.13.1 SB 8字盲板 Spectacle blind (blank)1.14 RP 补强板 Reinforcing pad2.法兰2.1 FLG 法兰 Flange2.1.1 WNF 对焊法兰 Welding neck flange2.1.2 SOF 平焊法兰 Slip-on flange2.1.3 SWF 承插焊法兰 Socket-welding flange2.1.4 T 螺纹法兰 Threaded flange2.1.5 LJ 松套法兰 Lapped joint flange2.1.6 REDF 异径法兰 Reducing flange2.1.7 BF 法兰盖（日法兰） Blind flange2.2 FSF 法兰密封面 Flange scaling face2.2.1 FF 全平面 Flat face 2.2.2 RF 凸台面 Raised face2.2.3 MFF 凹凸面 Male and female face2.2.4 LF 凹面 Female face2.2.5 LM 凸面 Male face2.2.6 RJ 环连接面 Ring joint face2.2.7 TG 榫槽面 Tongue and groove face2.2.8 TF 榫面 Tongue face2.2.9 GF 槽面 Groove face3.垫片3.1 G 垫片 Gasket3.1.1 NMG 非金属垫片 Non-metallic gasket3.1.1.1 AG 石棉垫片 Asbestos gasket3.1.1.2 RG 橡胶垫片 Rubber gasket3.1.1.3 TEG 聚四氟乙烯包复垫片 PTFE envelope gasket3.1.2 SMG 半金属垫片 Semimetallic gasket3.1.2.1 MJG 金属包垫片 Meta-jacket gasket3.1.2.2 SWG 缠绕式垫片 Spiral wound gasket3.1.3 MG 金属垫片 Metallic gasket3.1.3.1 FMG 金属平垫片 Flat metallic gasket3.1.3.2 SMSG 齿形金属垫片 Solid metal serrated gasket3.1.3.3 LER 透镜式金属环垫 Lens ring gasket3.1.3.4 OCR 八角形金属环垫 Octagonal ring gasket3.1.3.5 OVR 椭圆形金属环垫 Oval ring gakset3.1.3.6 IR/OR 内外定位环 Inner ring and outer ring3.1.3.7 IR 内定位环 Inner ring3.1.3.8 OR 外定位环 Outer ring4.坚固件4.1 B 螺栓 Bolt4.1.1 SB 螺柱 Stud bolt4.2 NU 螺母 Nut4.3 TB 花蓝螺母 Turnbuckle4.4 WSR 垫圈 Washer4.4.1 SWSR 弹簧垫圈 Spring washer5.阀门5.1 GV 闸阀 Gate valve5.2 GLV 截止阀 Globe valve5.3 CHV 止回阀 Check valve5.4 BUV 蝶阀 Butterfly valve5.5 BAV 球阀 Ball valve5.6 PV 旋塞阀 Plug valve (cock)5.7 CV 调节阀 Control valve5.8 SV 安全阀 Safety valve5.9 RV 减压阀 Pressure reducing valve5.10 ST 蒸汽疏水阀 Steam trap5.11 PRV 泄压阀 Pressur relief valve5.12 BV 呼吸阀 Breather valve5.13 NV 针形阀 Needle valve5.14 AV 角阀5.15 DV 隔膜阀5.16 TWV 三通阀5.17 SGV 插板阀6.管道上用的小型设备6.1 SPR 气液分离器 Separator 6.2 FA 阻火器 Flame arrester6.3 SR 过滤器 Strainer6.3.1 SRY Y型过滤器 Y-type strainer6.3.2 SRT T型过滤器 T-type strainer6.3.3 SRB 桶式过滤器 Bucket type strainer6.3.4 TSR 临时过滤器 Temporary strainer6.4 SIL 消声器 Silencer6.5 SG 视镜 Slight glass6.6 SC 取样冷却器 Sample cooler6.7 DF 排液漏斗 Drain funnel6.8 LM 管道混合器 Line mixer6.9 RO 限流孔板 Restriction orifice6.9.1 MO 混合孔板 Mixing orifice6.1 RD 爆破片（爆破膜） Rupture disk6.11 EJ 补偿器 Expansion joint7.隔热、伴热7.1 INS 隔热 Thermal insulation7.1.1 H 保温 Hot insulation7.1.2 C 保冷 Cold insulation7.1.3 P 防烫伤隔热 Personnel protection insulation7.2 T&I 伴热 Tracing and insulation7.3 T 管道伴热（冷） Tracing7.3.1 EST 蒸汽外伴热 External steam tracing7.3.2 IST 蒸汽内伴热 Internal steam tracing7.3.3 SJT 蒸汽夹套伴热 Steam-jacket tracing7.3.4 ET 电伴热 Electric tracing8.配管材料和等级8.1 M 金属材料 Metallic material 8.1.1 CS 碳钢 Carbon steel8.1.2 CAS 铸钢 Cast steel8.1.3 FS 锻钢 Forged steel8.1.4 AS 合金钢 Alloy steel8.1.5 SS 不锈钢 Stainless steel8.1.6 AUSTSS 奥氏体不锈钢 Austenitic stainless-steel8.1.7 CI 铸铁 Cast iron8.1.8 MI 可锻铸铁 Malleable iron8.1.9 DI 球墨铸铁 Ductile iron8.1.10 AL 铝 Aluminum8.1.11 BRS 黄铜 Brass8.1.12 BRZ 青铜 Bronze8.1.13 CU 紫铜 Copper8.1.14 LAS 低合金钢 Low alloy steel8.1.15 FLAS 低合金锻钢 Forged low alloy steel8.1.16 CLAS 低合金铸钢 Cast low alloy steel8.2 THK 壁厚 Thickness8.2.1 SCH 表号 Schedule number8.2.2 STD 标准 Standard8.2.3 XS 加强 Extra strong8.2.4 XXS 特强 Double extra strong9.装置布置9.1 CN 建北 Construction north9.2 E 东 East9.3 W 西 West9.4 S 南 South9.5 N 北 North9.6 H 水平 Horizontal9.7 V 竖直、铅直、直立 Vertical9.8 GRD 地坪 Ground9.9 UG 地下 Underground9.10 BL 装置边界线 Battery limit line9.11 ESEW 事故沐浴洗眼器 Emergency shower and eye washer 9.12 HS 软管站 Hose station9.13 ML 接续分界线 Match line9.14 PS 管道支架（管架） Piping support9.15 PR 管桥 Pipe rack9.16 STRU 构架（构筑物） Structure9.17 BLDG 建筑物 Building9.18 PD 清扫设施 Purge device9.19 PT 池 Pit9.20 SHLT 棚 Shelter9.21 COFF 围堰 Cofferdam9.22 FL 楼板 Floor9.23 PF 平台 Plateform10.尺寸标注10.1 EL 标高 Elevation 10.2 BOP 管底 Bottom of pipe10.3 COP 管中心Center of pipe10.4 TOP 管顶 Top of pipe10.5 FOB 底平 Flat on bottom10.6 FOT 顶平 Flat on top10.7 CL(屯) 中心线 Center line10.8 TL 切线 Tangent line10.9 SYM 对称的 Symmetrical10.10 BOS 支架底 Bottom of support10.11 TOS 支架顶 Top of support10.12 CL 净距（净空） Clearance10.13 CTC 中心至中心 Center to center 10.14 CTF 中心至面 Center to face10.15 CTE 中心至端部 Center to end10.16 ETE 端到端 End to end10.17 FEF 法兰端面 Flange and face10.18 FTF 面到面 Face to face10.19 D 直径 Diameter10.20 DN 公称直径 Nominal diameter10.21 ID 内径 Inside diameter10.22 OD 外径 Outside diameter10.23 DIM 尺寸 Dimension10.24 MAX 最大 Maximum10.25 MIN 最小 Minimum10.26 AVG 平均 Average10.27 APP 约、近似 Approximate10.28 PT.EL 点标高 Point elevation11.图表11.1 PFD 工艺流程图 Process flow diagram11.2 PID 管道和仪表流程图 Piping & instrument diagram11.3 COD 接续图 Continued on drawing11.4 DTL 详图 Datail11.5 SPDWG(ISODWG) 管段图 Spool drawing (each line isometric drawing) 11.6 DWGNO 图号 Drawing number11.7 DWGI 所在图号 Drawing identification11.8 LOW 材料表 List of material11.9 MTO 汇料 Material take-off11.10 APPX 附录 Appendix11.11 JOB. No. 工号 Job Number11.12 BEDD 基础工程设计数据 Basic engineering design data 11.13 DEDD 详细工程设计数据 Detail engineering design data 11.14 REV. No. 修改号 Recision number11.15 REFDWG 参考图 Reference drawing11.16 SC 采样接口 Sample connection12.操作方式及工作参数12.1 AUT 自动 Automatic 12.2 ML 手动 Manual control12.3 CHOP 链条操作 Chain operated12.4 CSC 铅封关 Car seal close12.5 CSO 铅封开 Car seal open12.6 LC 锁闭 Lock closed12.7 LO 锁开 Lock open12.8 NC 正常关 Normally close12.9 NO 正常开 Normally open12.10 ATM 大气压 Atmosphere12.11 PN 公称压力 Nominal pressure12.12 A 绝压12.13 G 表压12.14 (T) 温度 Temperature12.15 (P) 压力 Pressure13.施工13.1 W 焊接 Welding13.1.1 AW 电弧焊 Arc welding13.1.2 GSAW 气体保护电弧焊 Gas shielded-acr welding 13.1.3 EFW 电熔焊 Elecric fusion welding13.1.4 ERW 电阻焊 Electric Resistance welding13.1.5 GW 气焊 Gas welding13.1.6 LW 搭接焊 Lap welding13.1.7 BW 对焊 Butt welding13.4.8 TW 定位焊 Tack welding13.1.9 SW 承插焊 Socket welding13.1.10 CW 连续焊 Continuous welding13.1.11 SEW 密封焊 Seal welding13.1.12 SFG 堆焊 Surfacing13.1.13 FW 现场焊接 Field welding13.2 HT 热处理 Heat treatment13.2.1 PH 预热 Preheating13.2.2 SR 应力消除 Stress relief13.2.3 PWHT 焊后热处理 Post weld heat treatment13.3 EIT 检查、探伤和实验 Examination, inspection & testing 13.3.1 VE 外观检查 Visual examination13.3.2 UI (UT) 超声探伤 Ultrasonic inspection (test)13.3.3 RI (RT) 射线探伤 Radiographic inspection (test)13.3.4 MPI (MT) 磁粉探伤 Magnetic particle inspection (test) 13.3.5 LPI (PT) 液体渗透检验 Liquid penterant inspection (test) 13.3.6 HADT 硬度实验 Hardness testing13.3.7 HYDT 水压实验 Hydraulic testing13.3.8 PNET 气压实验 Pneumatic testing13.3.9 CE 焊条 Covered electrode13.3.10 WW 焊丝 Welding wire13.3.11 ASSY 装配、组合 Assembly13.3.12 F 现场 Field13.3.13 F/F 现场制造 Field faricated13.3.14 SF 现场决定 Suit in field13.3.15 CSP 冷紧 Cold spring13.3.16 BCT 螺栓冷紧 Bolt cold tightening13.3.17 BHY 螺栓热紧 Bolt hot tightening13.3.18 CO 清洗口 Clean out13.3.19 ANNY 退火 Annealed13.4 PE 平端面 Plain end13.5 BE 坡口端 Belelled end13.6 THR 螺纹 Thread13.7 HB 布氏硬度 Brinnel hardness13.8 RC 洛氏硬度14.其他14.1 FDN 基础 Foundation14.2 INF 信息（资料） Information14.3 REF 参考 Reference14.4 REV 修改 Revision14.5 SEQ 序号（顺序） Sequence14.6 W/E 设备带来 With equipment14.7 W/I 仪表带来 With instrument14.8 CM 色标 Colour mark14.9 CA 腐蚀裕度 Corrosion allowance14.10 UTL 公用系统 Utility14.11 UC 公用工程接头 Utility connection14.12 QTY 数量 Quantity14.13 WT 重量 Weight14.14 MHR 工时 Man hour14.15 BC 螺栓分布圆 Bolt circle14.16 HP 高点 High point14.17 LP 低点Low point14.18 SUC 吸入（口） Suction14.19 DIS 排出（口） Discharge14.20 SO 蒸气吹扫（口） Steam out14.21 NPT 美国标准锥管螺纹 National standard taper pipe thread 14.22 NPS 美国标准直管螺纹 National standard straight pipe thread 14.23 DR 排液 Drain14.24 VT 放气 Vent14.25 RTG （压力）等级 Rating14.26 CL 等级 Class14.27 SMLS 无缝 Seamless14.28 螺旋缝。

ASME常用词汇中英文对照

ASME常用词汇Abrasion, allowance for 磨损，裕量Accessibility，pressure vessels 压力容器可达性Access openings 通道孔Allowance for corrosion, erosion, or abrasion 腐蚀裕量侵蚀或/磨损裕量Applied linings, tightness 应用衬里密封性Approval of new materials, 新材料的批准Articles in Section V 第V卷中的各章Article 1, T-150 第1章T150Article 2 第2章Attachments 附件lugs and fitting 支耳和配件lugs for platforms, ladders, etc. 平台，梯子等的支耳nonpressure parts 非受压件nozzles 接管pipe and nozzle necks to vessel walls 在器壁上的管子和接管颈stiffening rings to shell 壳体上的刚性环Backing strip 垫板Bending stress, welded joints 弯曲应力，焊接接头Bend test 弯曲试验Blind flanges 盲板法兰Bolted flange connections 螺栓法兰连接bolt lands 螺栓载荷bolt stress 螺栓应力design of 关于设计flange moments 法兰力矩flange stresses 法兰应力materials 材料studs 双头螺栓tightness of 紧密性types of attachment 附件类型Bolts 螺栓Braced and stayed surfaces 支持和支撑面Brazed connections for nozzles 接管的钎焊连接Brazed joints, efficiency of 钎焊接头，焊缝系数maximum service temperature 最高使用温度strength of 强度Brazing, cleaning of brazed surfaces 钎焊，钎焊的表面清理fabrication by 用……制造filler metal 填充金属fluxes 钎焊剂heads into shells 封头接入壳体operating temperature 操作温度Buttstraps, curvature 对接盖板，曲率forming ends of 成型端thickness and corrosion allowance 厚度和腐蚀裕量welding ends of 焊接端Carbon in material for welding 焊接用材料中的碳Cast ductile iron vessels, design 可锻铸铁容器，设计pressure-temperature limitations 压力-温度界限service restrictions 使用限制Castings 铸件carbon steel 碳钢defects 缺陷impact test 冲击试验inspection 检查quality factor 质量系数specifications 标准Cast iron circular dished heads 铸铁碟形封头Cast iron standard parts, small 铸铁标准部件，小件Cast iron pipe fittings 铸铁管件Cast iron vessels 铸铁容器corners and fillets 圆角和倒角head design 封头设计hydrostatic test 水压试验nozzles and fittings 接管和配件pressure-temperatures limitations 压力-温度界限Certificate of Authorization for Code Symbol Stamp 规范符号标志的认可证书Certification of material 材料证明书Certification of Nondestructive Personnel 无损检验人员证明书Magnetic Particle Examination 磁粉检验Liquid Penetrant Examination液体渗透检验Radiographic Examination 射线超声检验Ultrasonic Examination 超声检验Chip marks on integrally forged vessels 整体锻造容器上的缺口标志Circumferential joints alignment tolerance环向连接，组对公差assembling装配brazing钎焊vessels subjected to external pressure 承受外压的容器Clad material, inserted strips 覆层材料，嵌条examination 检查Clad plate 复合板Cleaning ,of brazed surfaces 钎焊表面清理of welded surfaces 焊接表面Clearance between surfaces to be brazed 钎焊表面间的间隙Combination, of different materials 不同材料组合of methods of fabrication制造方法Computed working pressure from hydrostatic tests 由水试验计算的工作压力Conical heads 锥形封头Conical sections 圆锥截面Connections ,bolted flange (see Bolted flange connections)连接，螺栓法兰（见螺栓法兰连接）brazed 钎焊clamp 卡箍expanded 胀接from vessels to safety valves 由容器至安全阀studded 双头螺栓threaded 螺纹welded 焊接Cooling, after postweld heat treating 冷却，焊后热处理Corrosion allowance 腐蚀裕度Corrosion resistant linings 防腐蚀衬里Corrugated shells 波纹形壳体Corrugating Paper Machinery 波纹板机械Cover plates 盖板on manholes and handholes 在人孔和手孔上的spherically dished 球形封头Cracking, stress corrosion 应力腐蚀裂缝Cutting plates 板材切割Cylindrical shells, supplementary loading 柱状壳体，附加载荷thickness 厚度transition in 过渡段Data report, guide for preparation 准备数据报告的指南Defects in welded vessels, repair 修理焊接容器中的缺陷Definitions 定义Design, brazed vessels 设计钎焊容器carbon and low alloy steel vessels 碳钢及低合金钢容器cast ductile iron vessels 可锻铸铁容器cast iron vessels 铸铁容器clad vessels 覆层容器ferritic steel vessels with properutsenhanced by heat treatment 经热处理后提高抗拉性能的铁素体钢容器forged vessels 锻造容器high-alloy steel vessels 高合金钢容器loadings 载荷multichamber vessels 多受压室容器nonferrous vessels 非铁金属容器welded vessels 焊接容器design pressure 设计压力Diameter exemption 直径的豁免Dimensions, checking of 尺寸，校核Discharge of safety valves 安全阀泄放Dished heads (see formed heads) 碟形封头(见成形封头)Disks, rupture 防爆膜Dissimilar weld metal 不同金属的焊接Distortion, of welded vessels 大变形、焊接容器supports to prevent 用支撑防止Drainage, discharge from safety and relief valves 排放，由安全阀和泄压阀泄放Drop weight tests 落锤试验Eccentricity of shells 壳体的偏心度Edges of plates, metal removal from 由加工板边去除金属tapered 锥度Efficiency, around openings for welded attachments 焊缝系数，环绕焊接附件孔口Elasticity, modulus of 弹性模量Electric resistance welding 电阻焊Ellipsoidal heads 椭圆封头Erosion, allowance for 侵蚀裕量Etching, of sectioned speciments 侵蚀，关于截面试样solutions for examination for materials 检验材料的溶液Evaporators 蒸发器Examination, of sectioned speciments 剖面试样的检验of welded joints 焊接接头的检验Exemptions diameter and volume 直径和容积的豁免Expanded connections 胀接连接External pressure, tube and pipe 外压管External pressure vessels 外压容器allowable working pressure for 许用工作压力charts 算图design of heads for 封头设计joints in shells of 壳体上的接头reinforcement for openings 开孔补强stiffening rings in shells 壳体上的刚性环supports for 支承thickness of shell 壳体厚度reducers 变径段Fabrication, brazed vessels 制造，钎焊容器Ferritic steels vessels with tensile properties enhanced by heat treatment, design 经热处理后提高抗拉性能的铁素体钢容器，设计fabrication 制造head design 封头设计heat treatment热处理heat treatment verification tests 热处理验证试验marking 标志materials 材料stamping 标记welded joints 焊接接头Field assembly of vessels 容器的现场安装Filler plugs for trepanned holes 锥孔的管塞Fillet welds 角焊Fired process tubular heaters 直接火管式加热炉Fitting attachments 附件装配Flange connections 法兰连接Flange contact facings 法兰接触面Flanges 法兰bolted design 螺柱法兰设计of formed heads for welding 用于焊接成型封头type of attachment 附件的类型Flat heads and covers, unstayed 无支撑平封头和盖板reinforcement of openings 开孔补强Flat spots on formed heads 成型封头上的平坦部分Flued openings 翻边开孔Forged parts, small 锻造部件，小的Forged vessels 锻造容器heat treatment 热处理localized thin areas 局部薄壁区welding 焊接Forgings 锻件identification of 识别Ultrasonic Examination 超声检验Formmanufacturer’s data report 制造厂数据报告格式partial report 零部件数据报告Formed heads 成型封头flued openings in 封头上翻边开孔insertion of, welded vessels 插入，焊接容器joint efficiency 接头系数knuckle radius 转角半径length of skirt 直边长度on welded vessels 在焊接容器上reinforcement for openings 开孔补强Forming 成型ends of shell plates and buttstraps 壳体板和对接搭板端forged heads 锻造封头shell sections and heads 筒节和封头Furnaces 炉子temperatures for postweld head treatment 焊后热处理温度Furnaces for heat treating 热处理炉temperature control of 炉温控制Galvanized vessels 镀锌容器Gasket materials 垫片材料Girth joints (see circumferential joints) 环缝接头(见环向接头) Handhole and manhole openings 手孔和人孔开孔Head flange (skirt) length 封头翻边(直边)长度Head joints 封头接头brazing 钎焊welded 焊接Head openings 封头开孔entirely in spherical portion 全部在球体部分Head joints 封头接头concave and convex 凹面和凸面flat (see flat heads) 平板(见平封头)forged 锻造的formed (see Formed heads) 成型的(见成形封头)forming 面型thickness, after forming 厚度，成型之后Heads, design, conical 封头，设计，锥形ellipsoidal 椭圆形hemispherical 半球形spherically dished 球状碟形toriconical 带折边的锥形torispherical 带折边的球形torispherical, knuckle radius 带折边的球形，转角半径Heads and shells 封头和壳体external pressure, out-of-roundness 外压，不圆度openings through or near welded joints 通过或靠近焊缝处的开孔roundness tolerance 不圆度公差Heat exchangers 热交换器Heat treatment 热处理by fabricator 由制造厂进行carbon and low-alloy steel vessels 碳钢和低合金钢容器ferritic steel vessels with tensile properties enhanced by heat treatment 经过热处理后提高抗拉性能的铁素体的容器 forged vessels 锻造容器furnaces 炉子high-alloy vessels 高合金容器of test specimens 试样的热处理verification tests of 热处理验证试验Hemispherical heads 半球形封头High pressure vessels 高压封头Holes 小孔for screw stays 用于螺丝固定for trepanning plug sections, refilling 用于穿孔螺塞部分，再填充telltale 指示孔unreinforced, in welded joints 不补强，在焊缝上Hubs, on flanges 高颈，在法兰上Hydrostatic proof tests 水压验证试验destructive 破坏性prior pressure application 在升压之前Hydrostatic test 水压试验cast iron vessels 铸铁容器combined with pneumatic 与气压试验混合的enameled vessels 搪玻璃容器external pressure vessels 外压容器galvanized vessels 镀锌容器standard 标准welded vessels 焊接容器Identification 识别of forging 锻件of plates 平板of welds 焊接Identification markers, radiographs 识别标志，射线照相Impact test 冲击试验certification 证明properties 性能specimens 试样temperature 温度Inspection 检查before assembling 组装之前carbon and low-alloy steel 碳钢和低合金钢cast ductile iron vessels 可锻铸铁容器cast iron vessels 铸铁容器clad vessels 覆层容器during fabrication 在制造期间ferritic steel vessels with tensile properties enhanced by heat treatment 经过热处理后提高抗拉性能的铁素体的容器 fitting up 组对forged vessels 锻造容器heat treatment, forgings 热处理，锻件high-alloy steel vessels 高合金钢容器magnetic particle 磁粉material 材料nonferrous vessels 非铁金属容器plate 板材postweld heat treatment 焊后热处理pressure vessels, accessibility 压力容器，可达性quality control 质量管理sectioning of welded joints 焊接接头的剖面检验spot examination 抽样检查steel castings 铸钢件surfaces exposed and component parts 暴露的表面和元件部分test specimens 试样vessels 容器vessels exempted from 免检容器welded vessels 焊接容器Inspection openings 检查孔Inspectors 检查师access to plant 在厂内应有的便利control of stamping 打印管理duties 职责facilities 装备qualification 资格reports 报告Installation 安装pressure-relieving devices 泄压装置pressure vessel 压力容器Integral cast iron dished heads 整体铸铁碟形封头integrally finned tubes 整体翅片管Internal structures 内部构件Jacketed vessels 夹套容器Joints 接头brazed 钎焊circumferential (see Circumferential joints) efficiency, brazed 环缝(见环向接头)系数，钎焊welded 焊接electric resistance, butt welding 电阻，对接焊in cladding and applied linings 在覆层及衬里in vessels subjected to external pressure 在承受外压的容器lap (see Lap joints) 搭接(见搭接接头)longitudinal (see Longitudinal joints) 纵向(见纵向接头)tube-to-tubesheet 管子对管板Jurisdictional Review 权限审查Knuckles 过渡圆角radius 半径transition section 变径段Lap joints 搭接接头amount of overlap 搭接量brazed 钎焊longitudinal under external pressure 在外压作用下纵向的welded 焊接Laws Covering Pressure Vessels 涉及压力容器的法规Lethal gases or liquids 致命的气体或液体Ligaments, efficiency of 孔带，系数Limitation on welded vessels 焊接容器的限制Limit of out-of-roundness of shells 壳体不圆度的限制Linings 衬里corrosion resistant 抗腐蚀Liquid penetrant examination 液体渗透检验Loadings 载荷Local postweld heat treatment 局部焊后热处理Longitudinal joints 纵向接头alignment tolerance 对准公差brazing 钎焊vessels subjected to external pressure 承受外压的容器Low-temperature operation 低温操作Low-temperature vessels brazed 低温容器，钎焊for gases and liquids 用于气体和液体impact test requirements 冲击试验要求impact test, when not required 冲击试验，当不要求时marking 标志materials 材料testing of materials 材料试验Lugs for ladders, platforms, and other 梯子，平台及其它附件的支耳Magnetic particle inspection 磁粉检查Manholes, and handholes 人孔，手孔cover plate for 盖板minimum vessel diameter requiring 所需最小容器直径Manufacture, responsibility of 制造者，职责Manufacturer’s Data Report (see Data Report) 制造厂数据报告(见数据报告) Manufacturer’s stamps 制造厂的印记Marking castings 标志，铸件materials 材料plates 板材standard pressure parts 标志受压件valves and fittings 阀门和配件with Code symbol 带有规范符号Markings, transfer after cutting plates 标志，板材切割以后的转移Materials, approval of new 材料，新材料的批准approval of repairs 修补的批准brazed vessels 钎焊容器carbon and low-alloy steel vessels 碳钢和低合金钢容器cast ductile iron 可锻铸铁castings 铸铁cast iron vessels 铸铁容器certification 合格证clad vessels 覆层容器combination of 组合材料ferritic steel vessels with tensile properties enhanced by heat treatment 经热处理后提高抗拉性能的铁素体钢容器 forged vessels 锻造容器for nonpressure parts 非受压元件heat treatment of 热处理high-alloy steel vessels 高合金钢容器inspection of 检查nonferrous vessels 非铁金属容器pipe and tube 管子plate 板rods and bars 杆和棒specification for 标准standard pressure, parts 标准受压元件unidentified 未鉴别的use of over thickness listed in Section Ⅱ采用超过列于第Ⅱ卷表中的厚度welded vessels 焊接容器Measurement, 测量dimensional 尺寸of out-of-roundness of shells 壳体不圆度Metal temperature determination 金属温度，确定control of 控制Mill undertolerance 钢厂负公差控制Minimum thickness of plate 板材的最小厚度控制Miscellaneous pressure parts 其它受压件控制Multichamber vessels design 多承压室容器，设计Multiple duplicate vessels 多个相同的容器Multiple safety valves 多个安全阀Nameplates 铭牌New materials 新材料Noncircular vessels 非圆形容器ligament efficiency 孔带系数nomenclature 术语obround design 长圆形设计rectangular design 矩形设计reinforcement 补强examples 实例Nonpressure parts, attachment of 非受压元件的连接Notch ductility test 缺口韧性试验Nozzle openings, reinforced 接管开孔，补强的unreinforced 非补强的vessels subjected to external pressure 承受外压得容器Nozzles attachment of to shell 接管，与壳体的连接minimum thickness of neck 缩颈的最小厚度(see also Connections)(也可见连接件)Nuts and washers 螺母和垫圈Offset of edges of plates at joints 在接头处板边的偏差Openings adjacent to welds 开孔，邻近焊缝closure of 封闭for connections to brazed vessels 用于对钎焊容器的连接for drainage 用于排放head (see Openings head and shell) 封头(见开孔，封头和壳体)in flat heads 在平板封头上inspection 检查manhole (see Manholes) 人孔(见人孔)nozzle (see Nozzle opening) 接管(见接管开孔)shell (see Openings, head and shell) 壳体(见开孔，封头和壳体)through welded joints 通过焊接接头Openings, head and shell, computation of 开孔，封头和壳体，计算not requiring additional reinforcement 不需要附加补强reinforced, size 补强，尺寸reinforcement for adjacent openings 邻近开孔的补强reinforcement of 补强requiring additional reinforcement 需要附加补强shapes permissible 许用形式unreinforced, size 不补强的，尺寸Outlets, discharge, pressure relieving devices 排放口，出料，泄压装置Out-of-roundness 不圆度Overpressure limit for vessels 容器的超压极限Partial data report, manufacturer’s 零部件数据报告，制造厂的Parts, miscellaneous 部件，各种各样的Peening 捶击Pipe connections openings for 管子的连接，用于开孔Pipe fittings vessels built of 管子配件，制造的容器Pipe and tubes 各类管子Pipe used for shells 用作壳体的管子piping external to vessel 容器外的管子Plate, curvature 板，曲率measurement, dimensional check 测量，尺寸校核Plate edges cutting 板边，切割exposed left unwelded 留下不予焊接的显露部分inspection of 检查Plates 平板alignment 找准cover 盖板cutting 切割forming 成型heat treatment 热处理identification 标志impact test 冲击试验inspection 检查laying out 划线less than 6 mm thickness 厚度小6mmmarkings transfer after cutting 标志，在切割以后的转移minimum thickness 最小厚度repair of defects 缺陷修理specifications 标准structural carbon steel 结构碳钢Plug welds 塞焊Pneumatic test 气压试验pressure 压力yielding 屈服Porosity welded joints 气孔，焊接接头Porosity charts 气孔图Postheat treatment 后热处理connections for nozzles and attachments 用于接管和附件的连接 cooling after 随后的冷却furnace temperature 炉温inspection 检查local 局部requirements 要求temperature range 温度范围welded vessels 焊接容器Preheating 预热Preparation of plates for welding 焊接板材的准备pressure, design 压力，设计limits 极限(see also Working pressure, allowable) (也可见工作压力，许用) Pressure parts miscellaneous 受压件，其它的Pressure relieving devices 泄压装置discharge 排放installation and operation 安装和运转rupture disks 防爆模setting 整定Pressure vessels 压力容器exempted from inspection 免检Produce form of Specification 产品技术条件Proof test hydrostatic (see Hydrostatic proof test) 验证试验，水压(见水压试验)Qualification 评定of brazers 钎焊工of welders 焊工of welding procedure 焊接工艺Quality Control System 质量保证体系Quenching and tempering 淬火及回火Quick-actuating closures 快开盖Radiograph factor 射线照相系数Radiographing 射线照相examination by 检查partial 部分quality factors 质量系数requirements 要求spot examination 抽样检查retests 重新试验thickness, mandatory minimum 规定最小厚度Radiographs, acceptance by inspector 射线照相，由检查员认为合格gamma rays, radium capsule γ射线，装镭的盒子interpretation by standard procedure 由标准程序的说明rounded indications 圆形显示Reaming holes for screw stays 为固定螺钉用的铰孔Reducer sections, rules for 变径段，规程Reinforcement 补强defined limits 规定的范围head and shell openings 封头及壳体开孔large openings 大开孔multiple openings 多个开孔nozzle openings 接管开孔of openings in shells, computation of 壳体上开孔，计算openings subject to rapid pressure fluctuation 经受压力突然波动的开孔Fluctuation 经受压力突然波动的开孔strength 强度Relief devices 泄放装置(see also Pressure relieving devices, Safety and relief Valves)(也可见泄压装置，安全阀和泄压阀) Relieving capacity of safety valves 安全阀排量Repairs, approval of defects in material 修理，材料中缺陷的认可defective Brazing 有缺陷的钎焊defects in forgings 锻件中的缺陷defects in welds 焊缝中的缺陷Responsibility of manufacturer 制造者的职责Retention of Records 记录的保存Radiographs 射线照相Manufacturer’s Data Reports 制造厂的数据报告Retests, frogings 复试，锻件impact specimens 冲击试样joints, welded 接头，焊接Rods, bars, and shapes 杆棒喝型材Rolled parts, small 轧制件，小件Rupture disks 爆破模Safety 安全性safety relief, and pressures relief valves, adjustable blow down, capacity certification 安全泄放和泄压阀，可调节的泄放，排放量证明capacity, conversion 排量，换算connection to vessels 连接至容器construction 结构discharge pipe 排放管indirect operation 间接操作installation 安装installation on vessels in service 容器在役时的安装liquid relief 液体泄放marking 标志minimum requirements 最低要求pressure setting 压力整定spring loaded 受载弹簧springs, adjustment 弹簧，调节stop valves adjacent to 邻近的截止阀test 试验protective devices 防护装置for unfired steam boiler 对非直接火蒸气锅炉Scope 适用范围sectioning, closing holes left by 解剖，解剖孔的封闭etching plugs taken 解剖样的侵蚀examination by 检查Service restriction 使用限制Shapes, special 形状，特殊Shell plates, forming ends of 壳体用材料，封头成型Shells 壳体allowable working pressure 许用工作压力computation of openings in 开孔计算forming 成型made from pipe 由管子制造的stiffening rings 刚性环thickness 厚度Transition section 过渡段Sigma-phase formation σ相的形成Skirts length on heads 直边、封头上的长度support of vessels 裙座，容器支撑Slag inclusion welds 焊缝中的夹渣Special constructions 特殊结构Specification for materials 材料标准Spherical sections of vessels 容器的球形部分Spot examination of welded joints 焊接接头的抽样检查Springs for safety valves 安全阀的弹簧Stamping location of 打印位置multipressure vessels 多重压力容器omission of 省略safety valves 安全阀with Code symbol 带有规范标记Stamps, certificate of authorization 钢印，授权low stress 低压力not to be covered 不应覆盖to be visible on plates 在板上可见Static head, in setting safety valves, effect of on limiting stresses 静压头，在整定安全阀时，影响，对极限应力Stayed surfaces 支撑表面Staying formed heads 成型封头的支撑Stays and staybolts, adjacent to edges of staybolted surface 支撑件及拉撑螺栓，邻近用螺栓拉撑得表面周边处 allowable stress 许用应力area supported 支撑面dimensions 尺寸ends 端部location 位置pitch 节距screw, holes for 螺孔upset for threading 为车制螺纹的镦粗welded 焊接的Steam generating vessels, unfired 蒸汽锅炉，非直接火Steel, carbon content 钢，含碳量Stenciling plates for identification 在板材上打印标志Stiffening rings, attachment to shell 刚性环，和壳体的装配for vessels under external pressure 用于外压容器Stiffness, support of large vessels for 刚性，大容器支座Stop valves 截止阀adjacent to safety and relief valves 邻近于安全和泄压阀Strength of brazed joints 钎焊接头的强度Stress corrosion cracking 应力腐蚀裂缝Stress values, attachment weld 应力值，连接焊缝basis for establishing 确定的基础carbon and low-alloy steel 碳钢和低合金钢cast iron 铸铁ferritic steels with tensile properties enhanced by heat treatment 经热处理后提高抗拉性能的铁素体刚high-alloy steel高合金钢nonferrous metals 非铁金属Stud bolt threads 双头螺栓螺纹Studded connections 双头螺纹连接Supplementary design formulas 补充设计公式Supports, design 支座，设计pressure vessels 压力容器temperature free movement under 在温度下活动不受约束types of steel permissible for 容许的钢材类型vessels subjected to external pressure 承受外压的容器Surface Weld Metal Buildup 金属堆焊表面Tables, effective gasket width b 表，有效垫片宽度bgasket materials and contact facings 垫片材料和接触面maximum allowable efficiencies for arc and gas welded joints 电弧焊和气焊接头的最大许用系数minimum number of pipe threads for connections 管螺纹连接的最少螺纹牙数molecular weights of gases and vapors 气体和蒸汽的分子量of stress values, carbon and low-alloy steel 应力值，碳钢和低合金钢cast iron 铸铁cast ductile iron 可锻铸铁ferritic steels with tensile properties enhanced by heat treatment经热处理后提高抗拉性能的铁素体钢high-alloy steel 高合金钢nonferrous metals 非铁金属welded carbon low-alloy pipe and tubes 焊接低合金碳钢管of values factor Ｋ系数Ｋ值factor M 系数Ｍfactor 系数postweld heat treatment requirements 焊后热处理要求recommended temperature ranges for heat treatment 推荐的热处理温度范围spherical radius factor K1球半径系数K1Telltale holes 指示孔in opening reinforcement 开孔补强Temperature, definitions 温度，定义design 设计determination 确定free movement of vessel on supports 支座上的容器活动不受约束heat treatment 热处理limitations, of brazed vessels 限制，钎焊容器of cast ductile iron 可锻铸铁of postweld heat treating 焊后热处理metal, control of 金属，控制operating or working, definitions 操作或工作，定义zones of different 不同区域Termination point of a vessel 容器的界限点Test coupons 试样Test gages requirements 试验仪表，要求Test plates heat treatment 试板，热处理impact test 冲击试验production 生产Tests, hydrostatic proof 试验，水压验证pneumatic (see pneumatic test) 气压，见气压试验vessels whose strength cannot be calculated 不能由计算求得强度的容器calculated 不能由计算求得强度的容器Thermal buffers 热缓冲器Thermocouples attachment 热电偶，安装Thickness gages, details 厚度量规，细节Thick shells, cylindrical 厚壳体，圆柱形spherical 球形Thin plates marking 薄板，标志Threaded connection 螺纹连接Threaded inspection openings 螺纹检查孔Threads, stud bolts 螺纹，双头螺栓Tolerances, forged shells and heads 公差，锻造容器及封头Toriconical heads 带折边的锥形封头Torispherical heads 带折边的球形封头Transfering marking on plates 板上标志的移植Transition in cylindrical shells 柱状壳体的过渡Trays and baffles, acting as partial shell stiffeners 塔盘及挡板，作为部分壳体加强圈Tubes and pipe 管子Tube-to-tubesheet joints 管子与管板的连接Ultrasonic examination of welds 焊缝的超声检验UM vessels UM 容器Unfired steam boiler 非直接火蒸汽锅炉Unidentified materials 未识别的材料Valves, connections 阀，连接safety and relief (see safety and relief valves) 安全和泄压装置Valves and fittings, marking 阀及其配件，标志Verification tests, heat treatment 验证试验，热处理V olume exemption 容器的免检Weld deposits, cleaning 焊接熔敷金属，清理peening 捶击Welded joints, category 焊接接头，类别description of types 类型的描述efficiency 焊缝系数impact test, across 冲击试验，横向postweld heat treating 焊后热处理radiographic examination, complete 射线照相检查，整个的rounded indications 圆形显示sectioning, etch test 解剖，侵蚀试验spot examination 抽样检查staggered, longitudinal 错开，轴向taper, plates of unequal thicknesses 锥度，不等厚板types around openings 类型，环绕开孔ultrasonic examination of 超声检验Welded reinforcement of nozzle openings 接管开孔的焊缝补强Welded vessels 焊接容器holes in joints of 接头处的孔inspection 检查limitations on 限制tests of 试验Welders and welding operators 焊工和自动焊工identifying stamps 识别标记records of, by manufacturers 由制造厂所作的记录test of qualification 评定试验Welding 焊接cleaning of welded surfaces 焊件表面清理details, limitations 细节，限制forged vessels 锻造容器materials 材料materials having different coefficients of expansion 膨胀系数不同的材料of attachment around openings 开孔周围的连接plate, fitting up joints 平板，连接处的装配plate edges, matching 板边，匹配preparation of plates 钣材的制备procedure qualification 工艺评定processes 工艺test requirement 试验要求Weld metal, composition 焊缝金属，成分Welds acceptability, when radiographed 焊缝合格，用射线照相时when sectioned 解剖时fillet 填角identification of 识别plug 塞焊reinforcement, butt welds 补强，对接焊repairs of defects in 焊缝中缺陷的修补sharp angles, avoid at weld edges 尖角，避免在焊缝边上structural 结构tack 定位焊types, description 类型，描述ultrasonic examination of 超声检验Working pressure allowable, braced and stayed surfaces 许用工作压力，有拉撑和支撑表面by proof test 验证性试验definition of 定义。

管道词汇(中英文对照)讲解

1.conpensator 补偿器(它能够补偿管道的热变形，机械变形和吸收各种机械振动,起到降低管道变形应力和提高管道使用寿命的作用。

）２．ST.PIPING 标准钢管３．REF LAYOUT 设计参考图（我觉得后面的数字应该是图纸编号，而不是什么标准）４．CS应该是carbon steel－碳钢5。

BF（BLIND FLANGE）:法兰盖(盲法兰）RF（RAISED FLANGE）: 凸面法兰LR和SR应该是两种不同的连接代号，你可以咨询一下技术人员。

WNRF FLANGE (WELD—NECK RAISED FACE FLANGE): 带颈对接法兰SORF FLANGE（SLIP-ON RAISED FACE FLANGE）:平焊滑节法兰~～～～～~~~～～～～～～～～～～～~～~～～～～~～～~～~～～～~～～～～～以下是我收集的一些钢管词汇，希望对楼主有用！“A"值是指弯头的高度airbrake hose气制动软管alloy steel pipe合金钢管ANSI 美国国家标准arithmetical average roughness height (AARH）算术平均粗糙高度ASTM 美国材料与试验协会标准API 美国石油学会标准ateral (reducing on one run）45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45° l austenitic stainless steel pipe奥氏体不锈钢管AWS 美国焊接协会标准base elbow带支座弯头base tee带支座三通bell end承口bell and spigot joint承插连接（接头）Bend弯管BENT ELBOW 弯头beveled end （BE）坡口端bevel for combined thickness内外侧厚度切斜角bevel for inside thickness内侧厚度切斜角bevel for outside thickncss外侧厚度切斜角BLIND 盲板法兰；盲法兰blind flange法兰盖bolt circle （B。

工程英语-4

缩写 spdwg dwgno dwgl lom 缩写 cte ete fef ftf d dn id od dim max min avg app
缩写中文名称 el bop cop top fob fot cl tl sym bos tos cl ctc ctf 缩写中文名称 aut mc 锁开正常关大气压公称压力中心至端部端到端法兰端面面到面直径公称直径内径外径尺寸最大最小平均约，近似
4
紧固件英文名称 bolt stud bolt nut 英文名称 gate valve globe valve check valve butterfly valve ball valve 英文名称 separator flame arrester permanent strainer y-type strainer t-type strainer temporary strainer silencer sight flow indicator 英文名称 thermal insulation hot insulation cold insulation personnel protection insulation tracing and insulation piping tracing 英文名称 metallic material carbon steel cast steel forged steel galvanized steel aluminum-impregnated steel brass bronze copper thickness 英文名称 construction north 缩写中文名称 b sb nu 花篮螺母垫圈弹簧垫圈英文名称 turnbuckle washer spring washer 英文名称 plug valve(ccck) control valve safcty calve pressure reducing valve steam trap 英文名称 sample cooler drain funnel line mixer restriction orifice mixing orifice 缩写 tb wsr swsr 缩写 pv cv sv prv st 缩写 sc df lm ro mo rd ej

焊接接头的分析与优化设计方法

焊接接头的分析与优化设计方法引言：焊接接头是工程中常见的连接方式之一，广泛应用于各个领域。

一个优良的焊接接头能够提供稳定可靠的连接，并具有较高的强度和耐久性。

本文将重点讨论焊接接头的分析与优化设计方法，以帮助工程师和设计师更好地理解和应用焊接接头。

一、焊接接头的基本原理焊接接头是通过焊接技术将两个或多个金属工件连接在一起的方法。

焊接接头的基本原理是利用焊接材料的熔化和冷却过程，使金属工件的分子结构得以重新排列，从而形成一个坚固的连接。

常见的焊接方法包括电弧焊、气体保护焊、激光焊等。

二、焊接接头的分析方法1.力学分析：对焊接接头进行力学分析是评估其强度和稳定性的重要手段。

通过应力、应变和变形等参数的计算和分析，可以确定焊接接头在不同工况下的工作状态，并找出可能存在的问题和缺陷。

2.热学分析：焊接过程中会产生大量热量，对焊接接头周围的材料产生影响。

通过热学分析，可以评估焊接接头的热影响区域、热应力和变形等情况，从而预测可能出现的问题并采取相应的措施。

3.断裂分析：焊接接头的断裂是一个常见的失效模式。

通过对焊接接头的断裂表面进行观察和分析，可以确定断裂的原因和机制。

断裂分析有助于改进焊接接头的设计和工艺，提高其抗断裂能力。

三、焊接接头的优化设计方法1.材料选择：选择适合的焊接材料是焊接接头设计的重要一环。

材料的选择应考虑焊接接头所处的工作环境、要求的强度和耐腐蚀性等因素。

合理的材料选择可以提高焊接接头的质量和寿命。

2.焊接工艺优化：焊接工艺对焊接接头的质量和性能有着重要影响。

通过优化焊接参数、选择合适的焊接设备和工艺流程等措施，可以提高焊接接头的焊缝质量、熔合度和机械性能。

3.结构设计改进：焊接接头的结构设计直接影响其强度和稳定性。

通过优化焊接接头的几何形状、尺寸和连接方式等，可以提高其承载能力和抗变形能力。

同时，还可以考虑引入补强措施，如添加角焊缝、槽焊缝等，以提高焊接接头的整体性能。

结论：焊接接头的分析与优化设计是确保焊接接头质量和性能的重要环节。

外贸英语词汇——家具五金

外贸英语词汇——家具五金篇一：家具五金词汇中英文对照家具五金词汇中英文对照 A Aluminum 铝 B Ball bearing slide 脚轮滑道 Bolt pin 螺栓插销 Bolts and nuts for furniture 家具用螺钉，螺帽 Brass 铜 C Carcase 框架，架子 Castor 小脚轮 Ceiling 天花板 Central hinges 中央铰链 Chrome 铬 Complete range of drawer slide 各种类型的抽屉滑道 Component 零配件，元件 Concealed hinge 内藏铰链 Cupboard-lock 拒门锁 D Decorative trims for furniture 家具金边饰条 Door & window 门窗 Drawer-lock 抽屉锁 Drawer runner 抽屉滑槽 E Equipment for surface treatment 表面处理工具 3/4 extension slide 部分开式滑道 F Faucet 水龙头 Fixture 固定装置 Full extension slide 全开式滑道 Furniture fittings 家具五金 Furniture hardware 家具五金 Furniture parts 家具零配件Furniture structural parts 家具结构零件 G Gas lift chassis 气压棒底盘 Glass door hinge 玻璃门铰链 H Heavy duty slide 承重式滑道 Hook lock 钩锁 K Keyboard slide 键盘板滑道 L Large head type 大头型 Locating dowel 定位榫钉 Lock rail 安锁冒头 M Magnetic catch 磁性拉手 Magnetic-lock 磁锁 magnetic push latch 磁性撞锁 Marquetry work 镶嵌装饰品 Material 原材料 Metal fittings 金属配件 Matal handle 金属拉手 Mold 模具 O Office chair central tube accessories 办公椅中管配件 Office chair hardware accessories 办公椅五金配件 Out set 外盖型套轮 P Panel veneer 板料 Plastic 塑料 Plastic bolt and threaded axis 塑料螺帽及牙轴 Pocket door slide 柜门滑道 Prevent falling off due to turning 防止旋转脱落 S Secret-hinge 暗铰 Semifinished furniture product and accessories 家具半成品及配件 Semifinished product for interior fittings 装潢用半成品 Simple connecting fittings 简单五金配件 Single item 单项产品 Sliding door roller series 推拉门用轮系列Straight-lock 企口锁 Surface gluing 板面上胶 V Veneer trimming 薄片整修 Vertical upright 直挂格 W Wood-button 木纽 Wood components 木制配件 Wooden bar 车件 Wooden cork 木塞 Wooden curtain rod and ring 木制窗帘杆及吊环 Woodscrew 木螺钉 Wreathed hand-rail 扭弯扶手篇二：五金外贸专用英语词汇五金外贸专用英语词汇常用刀具: adjustable spanner 活动扳手 angle cutter 角铣刀 anvil 铁? arbour 心轴 backing 衬垫 belt sander 带式打磨机 buffing 抛光 chamfering machine 倒角机 chamfering tool 去角刀具 chisel 扁錾 chuck 夹具 compass 两角规 concave cutter 凹面铣刀 convex cutter 凸形铣刀 cross joint 十字接头 cutting edge clearance 刃口余隙角 drill stand 钻台 edge file 刃用锉刀 file 锉刀 flange joint 凸缘接头 grinder 砂轮机 hammer 铁锤 hand brace 手摇钻hatching 剖面线 hexagon headed bolt 六角头螺栓 hexagon nut 六角螺帽 index head 分度头 jack 千斤顶 jig 治具 kit 工具箱 lapping 研磨 metal saw 金工锯 nose angle 刀角 pinchers 钳子 pliers 铗钳 plug 柱塞头 polisher 磨光器 protable driller 手提钻孔机 punch 冲头 sand paper 砂纸 scraper 刮刀 screw driver 螺丝起子 scribing 划线 second out file 中纹锉 spanner 扳手 spline broach 方栓槽拉刀 square 直角尺 square sleeker 方形镘刀 square trowel 直角度 stripping 剥离工具 T-slot T 形槽 tool for lathe 车刀 tool point angle 刀刃角 tool post 刀架 tosecan 划线盘 trimming 去毛边 waffle die flattening 压纹效平 wiper 脱模钳 wrench 螺旋扳手 1 管道组成件 Piping component 1.1 管子 Pipe 管子(按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube 钢管 steel pipe 铸铁管 cast iron pipe 衬里管 lined pipe 复合管 clad pipe 碳钢管 carbon steel pipe 合金钢管 alloy steel pipe 不锈钢 stainless steel pipe 奥氏体不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe 铁合金钢管 ferritic alloy steel pipe 轧制钢管 wrought-steel pipe 锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe 无缝钢管 seamless (SMLS) steel pipe 焊接钢管 welded steel pipe 电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance welded steel pipe 电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管 electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe 镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe 热轧无缝钢管 hot-rolling seamless pipe 冷拔无缝钢管 cold-drawing seamless pipe 水煤气钢管 water-gas steel pipe 塑料管 plastic pipe 玻璃管 glass tube 橡胶管 rubber tube 直管 run pipe; straight pipe 1.2 管件 Fitting 弯头 elbow 异径弯头 reducing elbow 带支座弯头 base elbow k 半径弯头 long radius elbow 短半径弯头 short radius elbow 长半径 180°弯头 long radius return 短半径 180°弯头 short radius return 带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向） side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand) 双支管弯头（形） double branch elbow 三通 tee 异径三通 reducing tee 等径三通 straight tee 带侧向口的三通（右向或左向） side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径） reducing tee (reducing on outlet) 异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run) 带支座三通 base tee 异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet) 异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式） reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head) 45°斜三通 45° lateral 45°斜三通（支管为异径） 45° lateral (reducing on branch) 45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run) 45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run and branch) Y 型三通（俗称裤衩） true “Y” 四通 cross 等径四通 straight cross 异径四通 reducing cross 异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet) 异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet) 异径四通（两个分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on both outlet) 异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet) 异径管 reducer 同心异径管 concentric reducer 偏心异径管 eccentric reducer 锻制异径管 reducing swage 螺纹支管台 threadolet 焊接支管台 weldolet 承插支管台 sockolet 弯头支管台 elbolet 斜接支管台 latrolet 镶入式支管嘴 sweepolet 短管支管台 nipolet 支管台，插入式支管台 boss 管接头 coupling, full coupling 半管接头 half coupling 异径管接头 reducing coupling 活接头 union 内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯） bushing 管帽 cap (C) 堵头 plug 短节 nipple 异径短节 reducing nipple; swage nipple 1.3 弯管 Bend 预制弯管 fabricated pipe bend跨越弯管（^ 形） cross-over bend 偏置弯管（~ 形） offset bend 90°弯管 quarter bend 环形弯管 cirele bend 单侧偏置 90°弯管（? 形） single offset quarter bend S 形弯管 “S” bend 单侧偏置 U 形膨胀弯管（| ?形） single offset “U” bend U 形弯管 “U” bend 双偏置 U 膨胀弯管 double offset expansion “U” bend 斜接弯管 mitre bend 三节斜接弯管 3-piece mitre bend 折皱弯管 corrugated bend 圆度 roundness 1.4 法兰 Flange (FLG）整体管法兰 integral pipe flange 钢管法兰 steel pipe flange 螺纹法兰 threaded flange 滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰） slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰 socket welding flange 松套法兰 lap joint flange (LJF) 对焊法兰 welding neckflange (WNF) 法兰盖 blind flange, blind 孔板法兰 orifice flange 异径法兰 reducing flange 盘座式法兰 pad type flange 松套带颈法兰 loose hubbed flange 焊接板式法兰 welding plate flange 对焊环 welding neck collar （与 stub end 相似）平焊环 welding-on collar 突缘短节 stub end, lap 翻边端 lapped pipe end 松套板式法兰 loose plate flange 压力级 pressure rating, pressure rating class 压力—温度等级 pressure-temperature rating 法兰密封面，法兰面 flange facing 突面 raised face (RF) 凸面 male face (MF) 凹面 female face (FMF) 榫面 tongue face槽面 groove face 环连接面 ring joint face 全平面；满平面 flat face; full face (FF) 光滑突面 smooth raised face (SRF) 法兰面加工 facing finish 粗糙度 roughness 光滑的 smooth 齿形 serrated 均方根 root mean square (RMS) 算术平均粗糙高度 arithmetical average roughness height (AARH) 配对法兰 companion-flange 螺栓圆 bolt circle (B.C.) 1.5 垫片 Gasket (GSKT) 垫片的型式 type of gasket 平垫片 flat gasket 环形平垫片 flat ring gasket 平金属垫片 flat metal gasket 夹棉织物的橡胶 elastomer with cotton fabric insertion 夹石棉织物的橡胶 elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion 夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶 elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement 无石墨压缩白石棉垫片 non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket 天然白橡胶垫片 natural white rubber gasket 压缩石棉垫片 compressed asbestos class gasket 浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片 PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket 篇三：家具五金件英语词汇对照 2016 家具五金件英语词汇对照 A Ball bearing slide 脚轮滑道 Bolt pin 螺栓插销 Bolts and nuts for furniture 家具用螺钉，螺帽 Brass 铜 C Carcase 框架，架子 Castor 小脚轮 Ceiling 天花板 Central hinges 中央铰链 Chrome 铬 Complete range of drawer slide 各种类型的抽屉滑道 Component 零配件，元件 Concealed hinge 内藏铰链 Cupboard-lock 拒门锁Decorative trims for furniture 家具金边饰条 Drawer-lock 抽屉锁 Drawer runner 抽屉滑槽 Equipment for surface treatment 表面处理工具 3/4 extension slide 部分开式滑道 dFaucet 水龙头 Fixture 固定装置 Full extension slide 全开式滑道 Furniture fittings 家具五金 Furniture hardware 家具五金 Furniture parts 家具零配件 Furniture structural parts 家具结构零件 Gas lift chassis 气压棒底盘 Glass door hinge 玻璃门铰链 H Heavy duty slide 承重式滑道 Hook lock 钩锁 K Keyboard slide 键盘板滑道 L Large head type 大头型 Locating dowel 定位榫钉 Lock rail 安锁冒头 Magnetic catch 磁性拉手 Magnetic-lock 磁锁 magnetic push latch 磁性撞锁 Marquetry work 镶嵌装饰品 Material 原材料 Metal fittings 金属配件 Matal handle 金属拉手 Mold 模具 Office chair central tube accessories 办公椅中管配件 Office chair hardware accessories 办公椅五金配件 Out set 外盖型套轮 Panel veneer 板料 Plastic 塑料 Plastic bolt and threaded axis 塑料螺帽及牙轴 Pocket door slide 柜门滑道 Prevent falling off due to turning 防止旋转脱落 Secret-hinge 暗铰 Semifinished product for interior fittings 装潢用半成品 Simple connecting fittings 简单五金配件 Single item 单项产品 Sliding door roller series 推拉门用轮系列 Surface gluing 板面上胶Veneer trimming 薄片整修 Vertical upright 直挂格 W Wood-button 木纽 Wood components 木制配件 Wooden bar 车件 Wooden cork 木塞 Wooden curtain rod and ring 木制窗帘杆及吊环 Woodscrew 木螺钉 Wreathed hand-rail 扭弯扶手。

dn矿用高压胶管接头标准

dn矿用高压胶管接头标准英文回答：DN Mining High-Pressure Hose Joint Standards.The DN mining high-pressure hose joint standard is a set of technical specifications that define the design, materials, performance, and testing requirements for high-pressure hose joints used in mining applications. These standards are developed and maintained by industry organizations, such as the International Standards Organization (ISO) and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), to ensure the safety, reliability, and interoperability of high-pressure hoses and joints in mining environments.Key Elements of DN Mining High-Pressure Hose Joint Standards.Scope: The scope of the standard defines the types ofhigh-pressure hoses and joints covered, as well as the intended applications.Design: The standard specifies the design requirements for the hose joint, including the materials used, the dimensions, and the tolerances.Materials: The standard specifies the materials that must be used in the construction of the hose joint, including the metal alloys, polymers, and elastomers.Performance: The standard defines the performance requirements for the hose joint, including the maximum pressure rating, the temperature range, and the resistance to corrosion and wear.Testing: The standard specifies the testing procedures that must be performed to verify the performance of the hose joint.Importance of DN Mining High-Pressure Hose Joint Standards.DN mining high-pressure hose joint standards are essential for ensuring the safety and reliability of high-pressure hoses and joints used in mining applications. These standards provide a common framework for the design, manufacture, and testing of hose joints, ensuring that they meet the specific requirements of the mining industry.中文回答：DN矿用高压胶管接头标准。

(完整word)管件中英文对照

管件中英文对照等径直通equal coupling异径直通reducing coupling内牙直通female coupling外牙直通straight tube with outside 90等径弯头90 equal elbow45等径弯头45 equal elbow外牙弯头male elbow内牙弯头female elbow等径三通equal tee异径三通reducing tee内牙三通female tee外牙三通male tee管帽capsch代表压力lr长半径或1倍半大小SIZE数量QTY碳钢弯头Carbon Steel Elbow不锈钢弯头Stainless Steel Elbow高压弯头High—Pressure Elbow同心异径管Concentric Reducers偏心异径管Eccentric Reducers高压异径管High-pressure Reducers不锈钢等径三通Stainless Straight Tee碳钢等径三通Carbon Straight Tee不锈钢等径四通Stainless Straight Cross高压三通High—pressure Tee锻制三通Forged Tee异径接头Template管帽Caps法兰flange长径和短径弯头long and short radius elbows同心和偏心异径接头concentric and eccentric reducers 等径和异径三通straight and reducing outlet tees大小头CONCENTRIC REDUCERTee Equal 相等的三通等径三通Straight Tee异径三通Reducing Tee等径四通Straight Cross90°短半径弯头90°SS Elbow （SR)90°长半径弯头90°SS Elbow （LR)高压厚壁弯头Thickness ElbowU型管Return Bend盲法兰Blank Flange弯管Bends翻边stub ends异径接头reducers公称通径nominal diameter外径（mm) outside diameter中心距至端面的距离center to end 理论重量（kg/pcs) approx weight description 类种Standard 标准Design 类型Material 材质双丝头Nipple短节SWAGE NIPPLE内外螺纹活接头Union螺桩studHalf-Coupling单承口管箍Coupling双承口管箍盲板Blind Flangespectacle blind 带双圈的盲板Ecentric 偏心的拆除:dismantle结头（管线的）：tie—in插盲板：slip spade盲板:blank接头：fitting加热器：heater金属缠绕垫片（带外环)：SW with outside ringHR:热轧1 总则1。

弯头相对应的英文

弯头相对应的英文P管PipeEL弯头ElbowELL长半径弯头Long radius elbowELS短半径弯头Short radius elbowMEL斜接弯头（虾米腰弯头）Mitre elbowREL异径弯头Reducing elbowT三通TeeLT斜三通Lateral teeRT异径三通Reducing teeR异径管接头（大小头）ReducerCR同心异径管接头（同心大小头）Concentric reducer ER偏心异径管接头（偏心大小头）Eccentric reducer CPL管箍CouplingFCPL双头管箍Full couplingHCPL单头管箍Half couplingRCPL异径管箍Reducing couplingBU内外螺纹接头BushingUN活接头UnionHC软管接头Hose couplerSE翻边短节Stub endNIP短节Pipe nipple or straight nippleSNIP异径短节Swaged nippleCP管帽（封头）CapPL管堵（丝堵）PlugBLK盲板BlankSB8字盲板Spectacle blind（blank）RP补强板Reinforcing pad法兰缩写中文名称英文名称PLG法兰FlangeWNF对焊法兰Welding neck flangeSOF平焊法兰Slip-on flangeSWF承插焊法兰Socket-welding flangeT螺纹法兰Threaded flangeLJ松套法兰Lapped joint flangeREDF异径法兰Reducing flangeBF法兰盖（日法兰）Blind flangeFSF法兰密封面Flange scaling faceFF全平面Flat faceRF凸台面Raised faceMFF凹凸面Maleａnd female faceLF凹面Female faceLM凸面Male faceRJ环连接面Ring joint faceTG榫槽面Tongueａnd groove faceTF榫面Tongue faceGF槽面Groove face垫片缩写中文名称英文名称G垫片GasketNMG非金属垫片Non-metallic gasketAG石棉垫片Asbestos gasketRG橡胶垫片Rubber gasketTEG聚四氟乙烯包复垫片PTFE envelope gasket SMG半金属垫片Semimetallic gasketMJG金属包垫片Meta-jacket gasketSWG缠绕式垫片Spiral wound gasketMG金属垫片Metallic gasketFMG金属平垫片Flat metallic gasketSMSG齿形金属垫片Solid metal serrated gasket LER透镜式金属环垫Lens ring gasketOCR八角形金属环垫Octagonal ring gasket OVR椭圆形金属环垫Oval ring gaksetIR/OR内外定位环Inner ringａnd outer ring IR内定位环Inner ringOR外定位环Outer ring坚固件缩写中文名称英文名称B螺栓BoltSB螺柱Stud boltNU螺母NutTB花蓝螺母TurnbuckleWSR垫圈WasherSWSR弹簧垫圈Spring washer阀门缩写中文名称英文名称GV闸阀Gate valveGLV截止阀Globe valveCHV止回阀Check valveBUV蝶阀Butterfly valveBAV球阀Ball valvePV旋塞阀Plug valve（cock）CV调节阀Control valveSV安全阀Safety valveRV减压阀Pressure reducing valveST蒸汽疏水阀Steam trapPRV泄压阀Pressur relief valveBV呼吸阀Breather valveNV针形阀Needle valveAV角阀DV隔膜阀TWV三通阀SGV插板阀管道上用的小型设备缩写中文名称英文名称SPR气液分离器SeparatorFA阻火器Flame arresterSR过滤器StrainerSRY Y型过滤器Y-type strainerSRT T型过滤器T-type strainerSRB桶式过滤器Bucket type strainerTSR临时过滤器Temporary strainerSIL消声器SilencerSG视镜Slight glassSC取样冷却器Sample coolerDF排液漏斗Drain funnelLM管道混合器Line mixerRO限流孔板Restriction orificeMO混合孔板Mixing orificeRD爆破片（爆破膜）Rupture diskEJ补偿器Expansion joint隔热、伴热中文名称英文名称INS隔热Thermal insulationH保温Hot insulationC保冷Cold insulationP防烫伤隔热Personnel protection insulation T&I伴热Tracingａnd insulation管道伴热（冷）TracingEST蒸汽外伴热External steam tracingIST蒸汽内伴热Internal steam tracingSJT蒸汽夹套伴热Steam-jacket tracingET电伴热Electric tracing配管材料和等级缩写中文名称英文名称M金属材料Metallic materialCS碳钢Carbon steelCAS铸钢Cast steelFS锻钢Forged steelAS合金钢Alloy steelSS不锈钢Stainless steelAUSTSS奥氏体不锈钢Austenitic stainless-steel CI铸铁Cast ironMI可锻铸铁Malleable ironDI球墨铸铁Ductile ironAL铝AluminumBRS黄铜BrassBRZ青铜BronzeCU紫铜CopperLAS低合金钢Low alloy steelFLAS低合金锻钢Forged low alloy steel CLAS低合金铸钢Cast low alloy steelTHK壁厚ThicknessSCH表号Schedule numberSTD标准StandardXS加强Extra strongXXS特强Double extra strong装置布置缩写中文名称英文名称CN建北Construction northE东EastW西WestS南SouthN北NorthH水平HorizontalV竖直、铅直、直立VerticalGRD地坪GroundUG地下UndergroundBL装置边界线Battery limit lineESEW事故沐浴洗眼器Emergency showerａnd eye washer HS软管站Hose stationML接续分界线Match linePS管道支架（管架）Piping supportPR管桥Pipe rackSTRU构架（构筑物）StructureBLDG建筑物BuildingPD清扫设施Purge devicePT池PitSHLT棚ShelterCOFF围堰CofferdamFL楼板FloorPF平台Plateform尺寸标注缩写中文名称英文名称EL标高ElevationBOP管底Bottom of pipeCOP管中心Center of pipeTOP管顶Top of pipeFOB底平Flat on bottomFOT顶平Flat on topCL（屯）中心线Center lineTL切线Tangent lineSYM对称的SymmetricalBOS支架底Bottom of supportTOS支架顶Top of supportCL净距（净空）ClearanceCTC中心至中心Center to centerCTF中心至面Center to faceCTE中心至端部Center to endETE端到端End to endFEF法兰端面Flangeａnd faceFTF面到面Face to faceD直径DiameterDN公称直径Nominal diameterID内径Inside diameterOD外径Outside diameterDIM尺寸DimensionMAX最大MaximumMIN最小MinimumAVG平均AverageAPP约、近似ApproximatePT.EL点标高Point elevation图表缩写中文名称英文名称PFD工艺流程图Process flow diagramPID管道和仪表流程图Piping&instrument diagramCOD接续图Continued on drawingDTL详图DatailSPDWG（ISODWG）管段图Spool drawing（each line isometric drawing）DWGNO图号Drawing numberDWGI所在图号Drawing identificationLOW材料表List of materialMTO汇料Material take-offAPPX附录AppendixJOB.No.工号Job NumberBEDD基础工程设计数据Basic engineering design dataDEDD详细工程设计数据Detail engineering design dataREV.No.修改号Recision numberREFDWG参考图Reference drawingSC采样接口Sample connection操作方式及工作参数缩写中文名称英文名称AUT自动AutomaticML手动Manual controlCHOP链条操作Chain operatedCSC铅封关Car seal closeCSO铅封开Car seal openLC锁闭Lock closedLO锁开Lock openNC正常关Normally closeNO正常开Normally openATM大气压AtmospherePN公称压力Nominal pressureA绝压G表压（T）温度Temperature（P）压力Pressure其他缩写中文名称英文名称FDN基础FoundationINF信息（资料）InformationREF参考ReferenceREV修改RevisionSEQ序号（顺序）SequenceW/E设备带来With equipmentW/I仪表带来With instrumentCM色标Colour markCA腐蚀裕度Corrosion allowanceUTL公用系统UtilityUC公用工程接头Utility connectionQTY数量QuantityWT重量WeightMHR工时Man hourBC螺栓分布圆Bolt circleHP高点High pointLP低点Low pointSUC吸入（口）SuctionDIS排出（口）DischargeSO蒸气吹扫（口）Steam outNPT美国标准锥管螺纹National standard taper pipe thread NPS美国标准直管螺纹National standard straight pipe thread DR排液DrainVT放气VentRTG（压力）等级RatingCL等级ClassSMLS无缝Seamless施工缩写中文名称英文名称W焊接WeldingAW电弧焊Arc weldingGSAW气体保护电弧焊Gas shielded-acr weldingEFW电熔焊Elecric fusion weldingERW电阻焊Electric Resistance weldingGW气焊Gas weldingLW搭接焊Lap weldingBW对焊Butt weldingTW定位焊Tack weldingSW承插焊Socket weldingCW连续焊Continuous weldingSEW密封焊Seal weldingSFG堆焊SurfacingFW现场焊接Field weldingHT热处理Heat treatmentPH预热PreheatingSR应力消除Stress reliefPWHT焊后热处理Post weld heat treatmentEIT检查、探伤和实验Examination,inspection&testingVE外观检查Visual examinationUI（UT）超声探伤Ultrasonic inspection（test）RI（RT）射线探伤Radiographic inspection（test）MPI（MT）磁粉探伤Magnetic particle inspection（test）LPI（PT）液体渗透检验Liquid penterant inspection（test）HADT硬度实验Hardness testingHYDT水压实验Hydraulic testingPNET气压实验Pneumatic testing焊条Covered electrodeWW焊丝Welding wireASSY装配、组合AssemblyF现场FieldF/F现场制造Field faricatedSF现场决定Suit in fieldCSP冷紧Cold springBCT螺栓冷紧Bolt cold tighteningBHY螺栓热紧Bolt hot tighteningCO清洗口Clean outANNY退火AnnealedPE平端面Plain endBE坡口端Belelled endTHR螺纹ThreadHB布氏硬度Brinnel hardnessRC洛氏硬度。

连接形式的(中英文对照)

这个是用来表达管件连接形式的；给楼主一份中英文对照还有缩写吧缩写中文名称英文名称P 管子 PipeEL 弯头 ElbowELL 长半径弯头 Long radius elbowELS 短半径弯头 Short radius elbowMEL 斜接弯头（虾米腰弯头） Mitre elbow REL 异径弯头 Reducing elbowT 三通 TeeLT 斜三通 Lateral teeRT 异径三通 Reducing teeR 异径管接头（大小头） ReducerCR 同心异径管接头（同心大小头）Concentric reducerER 偏心异径管接头（偏心大小头） Eccentric reducerCPL 管箍 CouplingFCPL 双头管箍 Full couplingHCPL 单头管箍 Half couplingRCPL 异径管箍 Reducing couplingBU 内外螺纹接头 BushingUN 活接头 UnionHC 软管接头 Hose couplerSE 翻边短节 Stub endNIP 短节 Pipe nipple or straight nipple SNIP 异径短节 Swaged nippleCP 管帽（封头） CapPL 管堵（丝堵） PlugBLK 盲板 BlankSB 8字盲板 Spectacle blind （blank）RP 补强板 Reinforcing pad法兰缩写中文名称英文名称PLG 法兰 FlangeWNF 对焊法兰 Welding neck flangeSOF 平焊法兰 Slip-on flangeSWF 承插焊法兰 Socket-welding flangeT 螺纹法兰 Threaded flangeLJ 松套法兰 Lapped joint flangeREDF 异径法兰 Reducing flangeBF 法兰盖（日法兰） Blind flangeFSF 法兰密封面 Flange scaling faceFF 全平面 Flat faceRF 凸台面 Raised faceMFF 凹凸面 Male ａnd female faceLF 凹面 Female faceLM 凸面 Male faceRJ 环连接面 Ring joint faceTG 榫槽面 Tongue ａnd groove faceTF 榫面 Tongue faceGF 槽面 Groove face垫片缩写中文名称英文名称G 垫片 GasketNMG 非金属垫片 Non-metallic gasketAG 石棉垫片 Asbestos gasketRG 橡胶垫片 Rubber gasketTEG 聚四氟乙烯包复垫片PTFE envelope gasketSMG 半金属垫片 Semimetallic gasketMJG 金属包垫片 Meta-jacket gasketSWG 缠绕式垫片 Spiral wound gasketMG 金属垫片 Metallic gasketFMG 金属平垫片 Flat metallic gasket SMSG 齿形金属垫片 Solid metal serratedgasketLER 透镜式金属环垫 Lens ring gasket OCR 八角形金属环垫 Octagonal ring gasket OVR 椭圆形金属环垫 Oval ring gaksetIR/OR 内外定位环 Inner ring ａnd outer ringIR 内定位环 Inner ringOR 外定位环 Outer ring坚固件缩写中文名称英文名称B 螺栓 BoltSB 螺柱 Stud boltNU 螺母 NutTB 花蓝螺母 TurnbuckleWSR 垫圈 WasherSWSR 弹簧垫圈 Spring washer阀门缩写中文名称英文名称GV 闸阀 Gate valveGLV 截止阀 Globe valveCHV 止回阀 Check valveBUV 蝶阀 Butterfly valveBAV 球阀 Ball valvePV 旋塞阀 Plug valve （cock）CV 调节阀 Control valveSV 安全阀 Safety valveRV 减压阀 Pressure reducing valve ST 蒸汽疏水阀 Steam trapPRV 泄压阀 Pressur relief valveBV 呼吸阀 Breather valveNV 针形阀 Needle valveAV 角阀DV 隔膜阀TWV 三通阀SGV 插板阀管道上用的小型设备缩写中文名称英文名称SPR 气液分离器 SeparatorFA 阻火器 Flame arresterSR 过滤器 StrainerSRY Y型过滤器 Y-type strainerSRT T型过滤器 T-type strainerSRB 桶式过滤器 Bucket type strainer TSR 临时过滤器 Temporary strainerSIL 消声器 SilencerSG 视镜 Slight glassSC 取样冷却器 Sample coolerDF 排液漏斗 Drain funnelLM 管道混合器 Line mixerRO 限流孔板 Restriction orificeMO 混合孔板 Mixing orificeRD 爆破片（爆破膜） Rupture diskEJ 补偿器 Expansion joint隔热、伴热中文名称英文名称INS 隔热 Thermal insulationH 保温 Hot insulationC 保冷 Cold insulationP 防烫伤隔热Personnel protection insulationT&I 伴热 Tracing ａnd insulation管道伴热（冷） TracingEST 蒸汽外伴热 External steam tracing IST 蒸汽内伴热 Internal steam tracing SJT 蒸汽夹套伴热 Steam-jacket tracing ET 电伴热 Electric tracing配管材料和等级缩写中文名称英文名称M 金属材料 Metallic materialCS 碳钢 Carbon steelCAS 铸钢 Cast steelFS 锻钢 Forged steelAS 合金钢 Alloy steelSS 不锈钢 Stainless steelAUSTSS 奥氏体不锈钢Austenitic stainless-steelCI 铸铁 Cast ironMI 可锻铸铁 Malleable ironDI 球墨铸铁 Ductile ironAL 铝 AluminumBRS 黄铜 BrassBRZ 青铜 BronzeCU 紫铜 CopperLAS 低合金钢 Low alloy steelFLAS 低合金锻钢 Forged low alloy steel CLAS 低合金铸钢 Cast low alloy steel THK 壁厚 ThicknessSCH 表号 Schedule numberSTD 标准 StandardXS 加强 Extra strongXXS 特强 Double extra strong装置布置缩写中文名称英文名称CN 建北 Construction northE 东 EastW 西 WestS 南 SouthN 北 NorthH 水平 HorizontalV 竖直、铅直、直立 VerticalGRD 地坪 GroundUG 地下 UndergroundBL 装置边界线 Battery limit line ESEW 事故沐浴洗眼器 Emergency shower ａnd eye washerHS 软管站 Hose stationML 接续分界线 Match linePS 管道支架（管架） Piping supportPR 管桥 Pipe rackSTRU 构架（构筑物） Structure BLDG 建筑物 BuildingPD 清扫设施 Purge devicePT 池 PitSHLT 棚 ShelterCOFF 围堰 CofferdamFL 楼板 FloorPF 平台 Plateform尺寸标注缩写中文名称英文名称EL 标高 ElevationBOP 管底 Bottom of pipeCOP 管中心 Center of pipe TOP 管顶 Top of pipeFOB 底平 Flat on bottomFOT 顶平 Flat on topCL（屯）中心线 Center line TL 切线 Tangent lineSYM 对称的 SymmetricalBOS 支架底 Bottom of support TOS 支架顶 Top of supportCL 净距（净空） ClearanceCTC 中心至中心 Center to centerCTF 中心至面 Center to faceCTE 中心至端部 Center to endETE 端到端 End to endFEF 法兰端面 Flange ａnd faceFTF 面到面 Face to faceD 直径 DiameterDN 公称直径 Nominal diameterID 内径 Inside diameterOD 外径 Outside diameterDIM 尺寸 DimensionMAX 最大 MaximumMIN 最小 MinimumAVG 平均 AverageAPP 约、近似 ApproximatePT.EL 点标高 Point elevation图表缩写中文名称英文名称PFD 工艺流程图 Process flow diagramPID 管道和仪表流程图 Piping & instrument diagramCOD 接续图 Continued on drawingDTL 详图 DatailSPDWG（ISODWG）管段图 Spool drawing （each line isometric drawing）DWGNO 图号 Drawing numberDWGI 所在图号 Drawing identification LOW 材料表 List of materialMTO 汇料 Material take-offAPPX 附录 AppendixJOB. No. 工号 Job NumberBEDD 基础工程设计数据 Basic engineering design dataDEDD 详细工程设计数据 Detail engineering design dataREV. No. 修改号 Recision numberREFDWG 参考图 Reference drawingSC 采样接口 Sample connection操作方式及工作参数缩写中文名称英文名称AUT 自动 AutomaticML 手动 Manual controlCHOP 链条操作 Chain operatedCSC 铅封关 Car seal closeCSO 铅封开 Car seal openLC 锁闭 Lock closedLO 锁开 Lock openNC 正常关 Normally closeNO 正常开 Normally openATM 大气压 AtmospherePN 公称压力 Nominal pressureA 绝压G 表压（T）温度 Temperature（P）压力 Pressure施工缩写中文名称英文名称W 焊接 WeldingAW 电弧焊 Arc weldingGSAW 气体保护电弧焊Gas shielded-acr weldingEFW 电熔焊 Elecric fusion weldingERW 电阻焊 Electric Resistance welding GW 气焊 Gas weldingLW 搭接焊 Lap weldingBW 对焊 Butt weldingTW 定位焊 Tack weldingSW 承插焊 Socket weldingCW 连续焊 Continuous weldingSEW 密封焊 Seal weldingSFG 堆焊 SurfacingFW 现场焊接 Field weldingHT 热处理 Heat treatmentPH 预热 PreheatingSR 应力消除 Stress reliefPWHT 焊后热处理 Post weld heat treatment EIT 检查、探伤和实验Examination, inspection & testingVE 外观检查 Visual examinationUI （UT）超声探伤 Ultrasonic inspection （test）RI （RT）射线探伤 Radiographic inspection （test）MPI （MT）磁粉探伤 Magnetic particle inspection （test）LPI （PT）液体渗透检验 Liquid penterantinspection （test）HADT 硬度实验 Hardness testing HYDT 水压实验 Hydraulic testing PNET 气压实验 Pneumatic testing 焊条 Covered electrodeWW 焊丝 Welding wireASSY 装配、组合 AssemblyF 现场 FieldF/F 现场制造 Field faricatedSF 现场决定 Suit in fieldCSP 冷紧 Cold springBCT 螺栓冷紧 Bolt cold tightening BHY 螺栓热紧 Bolt hot tightening CO 清洗口 Clean outANNY 退火 AnnealedPE 平端面 Plain endBE 坡口端 Belelled endTHR 螺纹 ThreadHB 布氏硬度 Brinnel hardnessRC 洛氏硬度其他缩写中文名称英文名称FDN 基础 FoundationINF 信息（资料） InformationREF 参考 ReferenceREV 修改 RevisionSEQ 序号（顺序） SequenceW/E 设备带来 With equipmentW/I 仪表带来 With instrumentCM 色标 Colour markCA 腐蚀裕度 Corrosion allowanceUTL 公用系统 UtilityUC 公用工程接头 Utility connectionQTY 数量 QuantityWT 重量 WeightMHR 工时 Man hourBC 螺栓分布圆 Bolt circleHP 高点 High pointLP 低点 Low pointSUC 吸入（口） SuctionDIS 排出（口） DischargeSO 蒸气吹扫（口） Steam outNPT 美国标准锥管螺纹 National standard taper pipe threadNPS 美国标准直管螺纹 National standard straight pipe threadDR 排液 DrainVT 放气 VentRTG （压力）等级 RatingCL 等级 ClassSMLS 无缝 Seamless。

外贸管件英语对照

joint弯头 angle fittings; bent pipe; elbow; knee 弯头扳手 bent-handle wrench; bent spanner 弯头车刀 angular tool弯头持针钳 curved needle holders弯头刀架 knee tool弯头道钉 brob弯头管 swan neck弯头键 gib head key弯头接合 knee-joint弯头螺栓 bolt with one end bent back弯头锁紧 elbow jam unt弯头套管 elbow union弯头套筒扳手 offset socket wrench弯头脱水器 elbow separator弯头芯盒 elbow core box活接活接 loose joint活接地 swinging earth活接结合 articulated joint活接联接器 joint coupling活接三通 union tee活接头 articulation; union swivel; union活接头螺母 union nut活接头螺栓 swing bolt活接头套管 union thimble活接卸槽 articulated chute (浇混凝土用的)三通 tee bend; tee branch; tee joint; tee conneetion; tee fitting; wye; Y; yoke 三通玻璃栓 three-way glass stopcock三通道放大器 three-channel amplifier; three-path amplifier三通道自动驾驶仪 three-dimensional autopilot三通电缆分线盒 three-way coupling box三通阀 tee valve; three-port valve; three-way valve; triple valve三通阀盖 triple-valve cap三通阀活塞 triple-valve piston三通阀联箱 three way valve menifold三通阀体 triple body; triple-valve body三通管 single sweep tee; T-branch (pipe); three-limb tube三通管接头 tee pipe coupling三通横长 horizontal length of tee三通换向旋塞 three-way reversing cock三通活栓 three-way cock三通货协定 triparties currency agreement三通接头tee coupling; tee fitting; tee union; three-way piece; three-way connection三通接线夹 three-way connector三通开关 three-way cock三通控制阀 three-way control valve三通连接 tee junction三通路循环器 three-terminal circulator三通式热风炉 three-pass stove三通天线转发开关 triplexer三通筒 triple cylinder三通筒垫密片 triple-cylinder gasket三通弯头 three-way elbow三通旋塞 tee cock; three-way cock; three-throw tap三通循环器 three-terminal circulator三通液体流量计 tee fluid flow meter三通闸阀 treble ported slide valve直通直通 direct connection; straight in; straight bore; through; feed(-)through; once-through直通拨号 through dial(l)ing直通测量线路 end-to-end measurement直通单向阀 in-line check valve; straight check valve; straightway check valve直通道路 through road直通的 through and through直通地 dead earth; dead ground直通垫外底 through midsole直通电报 telex直通电报通信 telex communication直通电流 through current直通电流偏置 through current bias直通电路 direct circuit直通阀 pass valve; straight-through valve; straightway valve; through valve 直通干馏炉 through retort直通锅炉 once-through boiler直通换料 once-through refuelling直通回路 straight circuit直通汇接呼叫制 straight forwardjunction working直通监控 through supervision直通接头 straight coupling; straight fitting直通接线装置 through joint直通街道 through expressway; through street; throughway直通进位 standing carry直通开关 globe cock直通空气制动阀 straight air brake valve直通空气制动器 straight air brake直通快动阀 straight-through fast acting valve直通连接 straight-through joint直通裂化 straight-through cracking直通流动 straight through flowS型弯管“S” bend单侧偏置90º弯管 Single offset “U”bendU型弯管“U” bend双偏置U型膨胀弯管 Double offset expansion “U” bend斜接弯头 Mitre elbow斜接弯 Mitre bend三节斜接管 4-piece mitre bend折皱弯管 Corrugated bend法兰法兰端 Flanged end坡口端；对焊端 Beveled end [];Butt welded end平端 Plain end [PE]承插焊端 Socket welding end螺纹端 Threaded end [TE]承口 Bell end焊接端 Welding end钢管法兰 Steel pipe flange螺纹法兰 Threaded flange滑套法兰（平焊法兰) Slip-on-welding flange Slip-on [SO] flange 承插焊法兰 Socket welding flange松套法兰 Lap joint flange [LJF]对焊法兰 Weld neck flange [WNF]法兰盖 Blind flange ; Blind孔板法兰 Orifice flange异径法兰 Reducimg flange盘座式法兰 Pad type flange松套带颈法兰 Loose hubbed flange板式平焊法兰 Welding plate flange松套法兰 Lap joint flange [LJF]对焊法兰 Weld neck flange [WNF]法兰盖 Blind flange ; Blind孔板法兰 Orifice flange异径法兰 Reducimg flange盘座式法兰 Pad type flange松套带颈法兰 Loose hubbed flange板式平焊法兰 Welding plate flange对焊环（与stubend相似） Welding neck collar（与stubend相似）平焊环 Welding-on collar管端突缘 Stub end翻边端 Lapped pipe end松套板式法兰 Loose plate flange压力级 Pressure rating ; Pressure rating class压力-温度品级 Pressure-temperature rating法兰密封面；法兰面 Flange facing突面 Raised face [RF]凸面 Male face [MF]凹面 Female face [FMF]榫面 Tongue face槽面 Groove face环连接面 Ring joint face短半径弯头 Short radius elbow长半径180º弯头 Long radius return短半径180º弯头 Short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向） Side outlet elbow(Right hand or left hand)双支管弯头 Double branch elbow三通 Tee异径三通 Reducing tee等径三通 Straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向） Side outlet tee (Right hand or left hand)异径三通（分支口为异径） Reducing tee(Reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径） Reducing tee (Reducing on one run)堵头 Plug短管 Nipple异径短节 Reducing nipple异径短节(外螺纹或无螺纹) Swage nippe (选自BS 3800)弯头 Elbow异径弯头 Reducimg elbow带支座弯头 Base elbow长半径弯头 Long radius elbow管子（依照标准规格制造的配管用管） Pipe管子（不依照标准规格制造的其他用管) Tube钢管 Steel pipe铸铁管 Cast iron pipe衬里管 Lined pipe复合管 Clad pipe碳钢管 Carbon steel [.]pipe合金钢管 Alloy steel pipe不锈钢管 Stainless steel [.]pipe奥氏体不锈钢管 Austenitic stainless pipe铁合金钢管 Ferritic alloy steel pipe扎制钢管 Wrought-steel pipe段铁管 Wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管 Seamless[SMLS]steel pipe焊接钢管 Welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管 Electric-resistance-welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管 Electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管 Spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管 Galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管 Hot-rolling seamless pipe冷拉无缝钢管 Cold-drawing seamless pipe水煤气钢管 Water-gas steel pipe塑料管 Plastic pipe玻璃管 Glass tube橡胶管 Rubber tube壁厚 Wall thickness(WT)壁厚系列号 Schcdule number架厚的，增强的 Extra heavy; Extra stromg双倍增强的，双倍加厚的 Double extra heavy; Double extra strong 预制弯管 Fabricated pipe bend跨越弯管( )形 Cross-over bend偏置弯管（）形 Offset bend锥管螺纹密封焊连接 Seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint承插焊连接（接头） Socket welded joint承插连接（接头） Bell and spigot joint焊接接头 Welded joint环垫接头 Ring joint[RJ]万向接头 Universal软钎焊连接（接头） Soldered joint搭接接头 Lapped joint外侧厚度切斜角 Bevel for outside thickness内侧厚度切斜角 Bevel for inside thickness内外侧厚度切斜角 Bevel for combined thickness法兰式的 Flanged [FLGD]对焊的 Butt welded [BW]螺纹的 Threaded [THD]承插焊的 Socket welded [SW]小端为平的 Small end plain [SEP]大端为平的 Large end plain [LEP]两头平 Both ends plain [BEP]小端带螺纹 Small end thread [SET]大端带螺纹 Large end thread一端带螺纹 One end thread两头带螺纹 Both ends thread整体管法兰 Integral pipe flange滑腻突面 Smooth raised face [SRF]法兰面加工 Facing finish粗糙度 Roughness滑腻的 Smooth齿形的 Serrated均方根 Root mean square [RMS]算术平均粗糙高度 Arithmetical average roughness height[AARH] HALF COUPLING 单承口管箍P 管子 Pipe1.2.3 MEL 斜接弯头（虾米腰弯头） Mitre elbow1.2.4 REL 异径弯头 Reducing elbowT 三通 Tee1.3.1 LT 斜三通 Lateral tee1.3.2 RT 异径三通 Reducing teeR 异径管接头（大小头） Reducer1.4.1 CR 同心异径管接头（同心大小头） Concentric reducer1.4.2 ER 偏心异径管接头（偏心大小头） Eccentric reducerCPL 管箍 Coupling1.5.1 FCPL 双头管箍 Full coupling1.5.2 HCPL 单头管箍 Half coupling1.5.3 RCPL 异径管箍 Reducing couplingBU 内外螺纹接头 BushingUN 活接头 UnionHC 软管接头 Hose couplerSE 翻边短节 Stub endNIP 短节 Pipe nipple or straight nipple1.10.1 SNIP 异径短节 Swaged nippleCP 管帽（封头） CapPL 管堵（丝堵） PlugBLK 盲板 Blank1.13.1 SB 8字盲板 Spectacle blind (blank)RP 补强板 Reinforcing padHARDNESS 硬度（最大值197）HEAT CONTROL NUMBER 热处理炉号HEAT TREATMENT（热处理），有缝部分填N，无缝部分填AHEX HEAD BUSHING 卜申HEX HEAD PLUG 六角塞头HEX NIPPLE 六角立布HIGH PRESSURE ELBOW 高压弯头HIGH PRESSURE REDUCER 高压异径管HIGH PRESSURE TEE 高压四通hydraulic hose液压软管HJ 环境保护行业标准hose clip软管卡子hose protector软管保护管hot-rolling seamless pipe热轧无缝钢管HR 热轧INNER DIAMETER （简）ID 内径INSERT 变径接头integral pipe flange整体管法兰JIS 日本工业标准jumper hose跨接软管jumper lose connection跨接软管连接器Lap Joint Flanges对焊环松套法兰lap joint flange (LJF) 松套法兰lapped joint搭接接头，松套连接lapped pipe end翻边端large end plain (LEP) 大端为平的1 管道组成件 Piping component管子 Pipe管子(依照配管标准规格制造的) pipe管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube钢管 steel pipe铸铁管 cast iron pipe衬里管 lined pipe复合管 clad pipe碳钢管 carbon steel pipe合金钢管 alloy steel pipe不锈钢 stainless steel pipe奥氏体不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管 ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管 wrought-steel pipe锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管 seamless (SMLS) steel pipe焊接钢管 welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管 electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管 hot-rolling seamless pipe冷拔无缝钢管 cold-drawing seamless pipe水煤气钢管 water-gas steel pipe塑料管 plastic pipe玻璃管 glass tube橡胶管 rubber tube直管 run pipe; straight pipe管件 Fitting弯头 elbow异径弯头 reducing elbow带支座弯头 base elbowk半径弯头 long radius elbow短半径弯头 short radius elbow长半径180°弯头 long radius return短半径180°弯头 short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向） side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand)双支管弯头（形） double branch elbow三通 tee异径三通 reducing tee等径三通 straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向） side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径） reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run)带支座三通 base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式） reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head) 45°斜三通45° lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径）45° lateral (reducing on branch)45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45° lateral (reducing o n one run)45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run and branch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true “Y”四通 cross等径四通 straight cross异径四通 reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet)异径管 reducer同心异径管 concentric reducer偏心异径管 eccentric reducer锻制异径管 reducing swage螺纹支管台 threadolet焊接支管台 weldolet承插支管台 sockolet弯头支管台 elbolet斜接支管台 latrolet镶入式支管嘴 sweepolet短管支管台 nipolet支管台，插入式支管台 boss管接头 coupling, full coupling半管接头 half coupling异径管接头 reducing coupling活接头 union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯） bushing管帽 cap (C)堵头 plug短节 nipple异径短节 reducing nipple; swage nipple弯管 Bend预制弯管 fabricated pipe bend跨越弯管（^ 形） cross-over bend偏置弯管（~ 形） offset bend90°弯管 quarter bend环形弯管 cirele bend单侧偏置90°弯管（? 形） single offset quarter bendS形弯管“S” bend单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| ?形）single offset “U” bendU形弯管“U” bend双偏置U膨胀弯管 double offset expansion “U” bend斜接弯管 mitre bend三节斜接弯管 3-piece mitre bend折皱弯管 corrugated bend圆度 roundness法兰 Flange (FLG）整体管法兰 integral pipe flange钢管法兰 steel pipe flange螺纹法兰 threaded flange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰） slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰 socket welding flange松套法兰 lap joint flange (LJF)对焊法兰 welding neckflange (WNF)法兰盖 blind flange, blind孔板法兰 orifice flange异径法兰 reducing flange盘座式法兰pad type flange松套带颈法兰 loose hubbed flange焊接板式法兰welding plate flange对焊环 welding neck collar （与stub end相似）平焊环 welding-on collar突缘短节 stub end, lap翻边端 lapped pipe end松套板式法兰 loose plate flange压力级 pressure rating, pressure rating class压力—温度品级 pressure-temperature rating法兰密封面，法兰面 flange facing突面 raised face (RF)凸面 male face (MF)凹面 female face (FMF)榫面 tongue face槽面 groove face环连接面 ring joint face全平面；满平面 flat face; full face (FF)滑腻突面 smooth raised face (SRF)法兰面加工 facing finish粗糙度 roughness滑腻的 smooth齿形 serrated均方根 root mean square (RMS)算术平均粗糙高度 arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)配对法兰 companion-flange螺栓圆 bolt circle .)垫片 Gasket (GSKT)垫片的型式 type of gasket平垫片 flat gasket环形平垫片 flat ring gasket平金属垫片 flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶 elastomer with cotton fabric insertion夹石棉织物的橡胶 elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion夹石棉织物及金属丝增强的橡胶 elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement无石墨紧缩白石棉垫片 non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket天然白橡胶垫片 natural white rubber gasket紧缩石棉垫片 compressed asbestos class gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片 PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片 spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler内环 inner ring外环，外定位环 outer ring波纹金属垫片 corrugated metal gasket波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片 corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片 corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket双夹套垫片 double jacketed gasket金属包石棉平垫片 flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket整体金属齿形垫片 solid metal serrated gasket槽形金属垫片 grooved metal gasket环形连接金属垫片 ring joint metal gasket八角环形垫片 octagonal ring gasket椭圆环形垫片 oval ring gasket透镜式垫片 lens gasket非金属垫片 non-metallic gasket阀门 Valve1.6.1 阀门结构、零件阀轭 yoke外螺纹阀杆及阀轭 outside screw and yoke (OS & Y)阀杆 stem内螺纹 inside screw (IS)阀轭套 yoke sleeve阀杆环 stem ring阀座 valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈 seat ring整体（阀）座 integral seat堆焊（阀）座 deposited seat阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件） trim阀盘 disc阀盘密封圈 disc seat阀体 body阀盖 bonnet阀盖衬套 bonnet bush螺纹阀帽 screw cap螺纹阀盖 screw bonnet螺栓连接的阀盖 bolted bonnet (BB)活接阀盖（帽） union bonnet (cap)螺栓连接的阀帽 bolted cap (BC)焊接阀盖 welded bonnet (WB)本体阀杆密封 body stem seal石棉平安密封 asbestos emenen seal倒密封 back seal压力密封的阀盖 pressure-tight bonnet动力操纵器 powered operator电动操纵器 electric motor operator气动操纵器 pneumatic operator液压操纵器 hydraulic operator快速操纵器 quick-acting operator滑动阀杆 sliding stem正齿轮传动 spur gear operated伞齿轮传动 bevel gear operated扳手操作 wrench operated链轮 chain wheel手轮 hand wheel手柄 hand lever (handle)气缸（或液压缸）操纵的 cylinder operated链条操纵的 chain operated等径孔道 full bore; full port异径孔道 reducing bore, reduced port,venturi port 短型 short pattern紧凑型（小型） compact type笼式环 lantern ring压盖 gland阀杆填料 stem packing阀盖垫片 bonnet gasket升杆式（明杆） rising stem (RS)非升杆式（暗杆） non-rising stem (NRS)指示器/限位器 indicator/stopper注油器 grease injector可改换的阀座环 renewable seat ring1.6.2 经常使用阀(1）闸阀 gate valve平行双闸板 double disc parallel seat开口楔形闸板 split wedge挠性整体楔形闸扳 flexible solid wedge整体楔形闸板 solid wedge塞型闸阀 plug gate valve直通型闸阀 through conduit gate valve(2) 截止阀 globe valve球心型阀盘 globe type disc塞型阀盘 plug type disc可转动的阀盘 swivel disc(3) 节流闪阀 throttle valve针阀 needle valve(4) 角阀 angle valve(5) Y型阀（Y 型阀体截止阀） Y-valve (Y-body globe valve)(6) 球阀 ball valve三通球阀 3-way ball valve装有底轴的 trunnion mounted耐火型 fire safe type浮动球型 floating ball type防脱出阀杆 blowout proof stem(7) 蝶阀 butterfly valve对夹式（薄片型） wafer type凸耳式 lug type偏心阀板蝶阀 offset disc burerfly valve; eccentric butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve8) 柱塞阀 piston type valve(9) 旋塞阀 plug valve三通旋塞阀 three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀 four-way plug valve旋塞 cock衬套旋塞 sleeve cock(10) 隔膜阀 diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀 rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀 straight way diaphragm valve堰式隔膜阀 weir diaphragm valve(11) 夹紧式胶管阀 pinch valve（用于泥浆、粉尘等）(12) 止回阀 check valve起落式止回阀 lift check valve旋启式止回阀 swing check valve, flap check valve 落球式止回阀 ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀 spring ball check valve双板对夹式止回阀 dual plate wafer type check valve 无撞击声止回阀 non-slam cheek valve底阀 foot valve切断式止回阀 stop check valve; non-return valve活塞式止回阀 piston check valve斜翻盘止回阀 tilting disc check valve蝶式止回阀 butterfly check valve1.6.3 其它用途的阀平安泄气阀 safety valve (SV)平安泄液阀 relief valve (RV)平安泄压阀 safety relief valve杠杆重锤式 lever and weight type引导阀操纵的平安泄气阀 pilot operated safety valve复式平安泄气阀 twin type safety valve罐底排污阀 flush-bottom tank valve电磁阀 solenoid valve, solenoid operated valve电动阀 electrically operated valve, electric-motor operated valve气动阀 pneumatic operated valve低温用阀 cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap机械式疏水阎 mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀 open bucket trap, open top bucket trap浮球式疏水阀 float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap恒温式疏水阀 thermostatic trap金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 metal expansion steam trap液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 liquid expansion steam trap双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 bimetallic expansion steam trap压力平稳式恒温疏水阀 balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀 thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap放气阀（自动放气阀） air vent valve (automatic air vent valve) （疏水阀用）平板式滑动闸阀 slab type sliding gate valve盖阀 flat valve换向阀 diverting valve, reversing valve热膨胀阀 thermo expansion valve自动关闭阀 self-closing gate valve自动排液阀 self-draining valve管道盲板阀 line-blind valve挤压阀 squeeze valve（用于泥浆及粉尘等）呼吸阀 breather valve风门、挡板 damper减压阀 pressure reducing valve, reducing valve操纵阀 control valve膜式操纵阀 diaphragm operated control valve执行机构 actuator背压调剂阀 back pressure regulating valve差压调剂阀 differential pressure regulating valve 压力比例调剂阀 pressure ratio regulating valve 1.6.4 未指明结构（或阀型）的阀切断阀 block valve; shut-off valve; stop valve调剂阀 regulating valve快开阀 quick opening valve快闭阀 quick closing valve隔间阀 isolating valve三通阀 three way valve夹套阔 jacketed valve非旋转式阀 non-rotary valve排污阀 blowdown valve集液排放阀 drip valve排液阀 drain valve放空阀 vent valve卸载阀 unloading valve排出阀 discharge valve吸入阀 suction valve多通路阀 multiport valve取样阀 sampling valve手动阀 hand-operated valve; manually operated valve 锻造阀 forged valve铸造阀 cast valve（水）龙头 bibb; bib; faucet抽出液阀（小阀） bleed valve旁路阀 by-pass valve软管阀 hose valve混合阀 mixing valve破真空阀 vacuum breaker冲洗阀 flush valve第一道阀；根部阀 primary valve根部阀 root valve总管阀 header valve事故切断阀 emergency valve管道特殊件 Piping Specialty1.7.1 管道特殊件（组件）粗滤器 strainer过滤器 filter临时粗滤器（锥型） temporary strainer (cone type) y 型粗滤器 y-type strainerT型粗滤器 T-type strainer永久过滤器 permanent filter丝网粗滤器 gauze strainer洗眼器及淋浴器 eye washer and shower视镜 sight glass阻火器 flame arrester喷嘴；喷头 spray nozzle取样冷却器 sample cooler消声器 silencer膨胀节 expansion joint波纹膨胀节 bellow expansion joint单波 single bellow双波 double bellow多波 multiple bellow压力平稳式膨胀节 pressure balanced expansion带铰链膨胀节 hinged expansion joint轴向位移型膨胀节 axial movement type expansion joint自均衡膨胀节（外增强环）self-equalizing expansion joint 带接杆膨胀节 tied expansion joint万向型膨胀节 universal type expansion joint球形补偿器 ball type expansion joint填函式补偿器 slip type (packed type) expansion joint单向滑动填料函补偿器 single actionpacked slip joint1.7.2 管道特殊元件Piping Special Element软管接头 hose connection (HC)快速接头 quick coupling金属软管 metal hose橡胶管 rubber hose挠性管 flexible tube鞍形补强板 reinforcing saddles补强板 reinforcement pad特殊法兰 special flange漏斗 funnel排液环 drip ring排液漏斗 drain funnel插板 blank垫环 spacer8字盲板 spectacle blind; figure 8 blind限流孔板 restriction orifice爆破片 rupture disk法兰盖贴面 protective disc费托立克接头 victaulic coupling端部连接 End Connection法兰端 flanged end坡口端 beveled end (BE)对焊端 butt welded end平端 plain end (PE)承插焊端 socket welding end螺纹端 threaded end (TE)承口 bell end焊接端 welding end法兰连接（接头） flanged joint对焊连接（接头） butt welded joint螺纹连接，管螺纹连接 threaded joint, pipe threaded joint 锥管螺纹密封焊连接 seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint 承插焊连接（接头） socket welded joint承插连接（接头） bell and spigot joint环垫接头 ring joint (RJ)万向接头 universal joint软钎焊连接（接头） soldered joint搭接接头，松套连接 lapped joint外侧厚度切斜角 bevel for outside thickncss内侧厚度切斜角 bevel for inside thickness内外侧厚度切斜角 bevel for combined thickness法兰式的 flanged (FLGD)对焊的 butt welded (BW)螺纹的 threaded (THD)承插焊的 socket welded (SW)小端为平的 small end plain (SEP)大端为平的 large end plain (LEP)两头平 both ends plain (BEP)小端带螺纹 small end thread (SET)大端带螺纹 large end thread (LET)两头带螺纹 both end thread (BET)一端带螺纹 one end thread (OET)支管连接 branch connection焊接支管 branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe。

土木工程(桥梁)专业跨越世纪之桥大学毕业论文外文文献翻译及原文

毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译文献、资料中文题目：跨越世纪之桥文献、资料英文题目：A Bridge For All Centuries 文献、资料来源：文献、资料发表（出版）日期：院（部）：专业：班级：姓名：学号：指导教师：翻译日期： 2017.02.14毕业设计外文翻译题目跨越世纪之桥专业土木工程（桥梁）A Bridge For All CenturiesAn extremely long-and record setting-main span was designed for the second bridge to across the Panama Canal in order to meet the owner’s requirement that no piers be placed in the water.Because no disruption of canal traffic was permitted at any time,the cable-stayed bridge of cast-in-place cancrete was carefully constructed using the balanced-cantilever method.In 1962 ,the Bridge of Americas(Puente de las America) opened to traffic,serving as the only fixed link across the Panama Canal .The bridgewas designed to carry 60,000 vehicles per day on four lanes, but it has beenoperating above its capacity for many years.Toalleviate bottlenecks on the route that the bridge carries over the canal-the Pan-American Highway(Inter-American Highway)-and promotegrowth on the western side of Panama,the country’s Ministry of Public Works(Ministerio de Obras Publicas,or MOP )decided to build a new highway systerm linking the northern part of Panama City,on the eastern side of the canal, to the town of Arraijan,located on the western side of the canal.The Centennial Bridge –named to commemorate 100 years of Panamanian independence-has noe been constructed and, when opend, will carry six lanes of traffic. This cable-stayed bridge of cast-in-place cancrete features a main span of 420m,the longest such span for this type of bridge in the Western Hemisphere.In 200 the MOP invited international bridge design firms to compete for the design of the crossing, requesting a two-package proposal:one techinical, the other financial. A total of eight proposals were received by December 2000 from established bridge design firms all over the world. After short-listing three firms on the basis of the technical merits of their proposals, the MOP selected T.Y.Lin International, of San Francisco, to prepare the bridge design and provide field construction support based on the firm’s financial package.The Centennial Bridge desige process was unique and aggressive,incorporating concepts from the traditional design/build/bid method, the design/build method , and the sa-called fast-track design process.To complete the construction on time-that is ,within just 27 months-the design of the bridge was carried out to a level of 30 percent before construction bidding began, in December 2001.The selected contractor-the Wiesbaden,Germany,office of Bilfinger Berger,AG-was brought on board immediately after being selected by the MOP ,just as would be the case in a fast-track approach. The desige of the bridge was then completed in conjunction with construction , a process that id similan to desige/build.The design selected by the client features two single-mast towers,each supporting two sets of stay cables that align in one vertical plane.Concrete was used to construct both the towers and the box girder deck,as well as the approach structures.The MOP , in conjunction with the Panama Canal Authority,established the following requirements for the bridge design :A 420m,the minimum length for the main span to accommodate the recently widened Gaillard Cut,a narrow portion of the canal crossing theContinental Divide that was straightened and widened to 275m in 2002;A navigational envelope consisting of 80m of vertical clearance and 70m of horizontal clearance to accommodate the safe passage of a crane of World War 11 vintage-a gift from the ernment that is used by the Panama Canal Authority to maintain the canal gates and facilities;A roadway wide enough to carry six lanes of traffic, three in each direction;A deck able to accommodate a 1.5m wide pedestrian walkway;A design that would adhere to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Official standard for a 100-year service life and offer HS-25 truck loading;A structure that could carry two 0.6m dianeter water lines;A construction method that would not cross the canal at any time or interrupt canal operationa in any way.Because of the bridge’s long main span and the potential for strong seismic activity in the area,no single building code covered all aspects of the project.Therefore the team from T.Y. Lin International determinded which portions of several standard bridge specifications were applicable and which were not.The following design codes were used in developing the design criteria for the bridge，it is standard specifications for highway bridge ,16th ed,1996It was paramount that the towers of the cable-stayed structucture be erected on land to avoid potential ship collision and the need to construct expensive deep foundation in water. However, geological maps and boring logs produced during the preliminary design phrase revealed that the east and west banks of the canal, where the towers were to be located, featured vastly different geologicaland soil conditions. On the east side of the canal, beneath shallow layers of overburden that rangs in consistency from soft to hard, lies a block of basalt ranging from medium hard to hard with very closely spaced joint.The engineers determined that the basalt would provide a competent platform for the construction of shallow foundation for tower, piers, and approach structures on this side of bridge.The west side, however,featured the infamous Cucaracha Formation, which is a heterogeneous conglomerate of clay shale with inclusions of sandstone, basalt,and ash that is prone to landslide. As a sudsurface stratum the Cucaracha Formation is quite stable,but it quickly erodes when exposedto the elements. The engineers determined that deep foundations would therefore be needed for the western approach structure,the west tower,and the western piers.Before a detailed design of the foundationa could be developed,a thorough analysis of the seismic hazards at the site was required,The design seismic load for the project was developed on the basis of a probabilistic seismic hazard assessment that considered the conditions at the site.Such an assessment establishes the return period for a given earthquake and the corresponding intensity of ground shaking in the horizontal directtion in terms of an acceleration response spectrum.The PSHA determined two dominant seismic sources: a subduction source zone associated with the North Panama Deformed Belt capable of producing a seimic event as strong as 7.7MW,and the Rio Gatun Fault, capable of producing an event as strong as 6.5MW.The 7.7MW NPDB event was used as the safety evluation earthquake,that is,the maximum earthquake that could strike without putting the bridge out of service.The damage to the bridge would be minor but would require some closures of the bridge.The 6.5MWRio Gatun Fault event was used as the foundational evaluation earthquake,a lower-level temblor that would cause minimal damage to the bridge and would not require closures.For the FEE load case,the SEE loading was scaled back by two-thirds.The FEE is assumed to have a peak acceleration of 0.21g and a return period of 500 years; the probability that it will be exceeded within 50 years is 10 pencent and within 100 years,18 persent.The SEE is assumed to have a peak acceleration of 1.33g and a return period of 2,500 years;the probability that it will be exceeded within 50 years is 2 pencent and within 100 years,4 persent.Because of uncertainty about the direction from which the seismic waves would approach the site, a single response spectrum-a curve showing the mathematically computed maximum response of a set of simple damped harmonic oscillators of different natural frequencies to a particular earthquake ground acceleration-was used to characterize mitions in two mutually orthogonal directions in the horizontal plane.To conduct a time-history analysis of the bridge’s multiple supports,a set of synthetic motions with three components-longitudinal,transverse,and vertical-was developd using an iterative technique.Recorded ground motions from an earthquake in Chile in 1985 were used as “seed”motions for the sythesis process.A time delay estimate-that is,an estimate of the time it would take for the motions generated by the SEEand FEE earthquakes to travel from onepoint to the next-was create using the assumed seismic wave velocity and the distance between the piers of the ing an assumed was velocity of approximately 2.5km/s,a delay on the order of half a second to a second is appropriate for a bridge 1 to 2km long.Soil-foundation interaction studies were performed to determine the stiffness of the soil and foundation as well as the seismic excitation measurement that would be used in the dynamic analyses.The studieswere conducted by means of soil-pile models using linear and nonlinear soil layera of varying depths.The equivalent pile lengths in the studies-that is, the lengths representing the portions of a given pile that would actually be affected by a given earthquake-induced ground motion-ranged from2to10m.In such a three-dimensional model,there are six ways in which the soil can resist the movement of the lpile because of its stiffness:throngh axial force in the three directions and through bending moments in three directions.Because the bridge site contains so many layers of varying soil types,each layer had to be represented by a different stiffness matrix and then analyzed.Once the above analyses were completed,the T.Y.Lin International engineers-taking into consideration the project requirements developedby the owener-evaluated several different concrete cable-stayed designs.A number of structural systems were investigated,the main variables,superstructure cross sections,and the varying support conditions described above.The requirement that the evevation of the deck be quite high strongly influenced the tower configuration.For the proposed deck elevation of more than 80m,the most economical tower shapes included single-and dual-mast towers as well as “goal post”towers-that is,a design in which the two masts would be linked to each other by crossbeams.Ultimately the engineers designd the bridge to be 34.3m wide with a 420mlong cable-stayd main span,two 200mlong side spans-one on each side of the main span-and approach structures at the ends of the side spans.On the east side there is one 46m long concrete approach structure,while on the west side there are three,measuring 60,60,and 66m,for a total bridge length of 1,052m.The side spans are supported by four piers,referred to,from west to east,as P1.P2,P3,and P4.The bridge deck is a continuous single-cell box girder from abutment to abutment; the expansion joints are located at the abutments only. Deck movements on the order of 400 mm are expected at these modular expansion joints Multidirectional pot bearings are used at the piers and at theabutments to accommodate these movements.The deck was fixed to the two towers to facilitate the balanced-cantilever method of construction and to provide torsional rigidity and lateral restraint to the deck.. Transverse live loads, seismic loads, and wind loads are proportionally distributed to the towers and the piers by the fixity of the deck to the towers and by reinforced-concrete shear keys located at the top of P1, P3, and P4. The deck is allowed to move longitudinally over the abutments and piers. The longitudinal, seismic, live, and temperature loads are absorbed by what is known as portal frame structural behavior, whereby the towers and the deck form a portal-much like the frame of a door in a building-that acts in proportion to the relative stiffness of the two towers.As previously mentioned, the presence of competent basalt on the east side of the site meant that shallow foundations could be used there; in particular, spread footings were designed for the east tower, the east approach structure, and the east abutment. The west tower, the west approach structure, and the western piers (P2 and P3), however, had to be founded deep within the Cucaracha Formation. A total of 48 cast-in-drilled-hole (CIDH) shafts with 2 m outer diameters and lengths ranging from 25 to 35 m were required. A moment curvature analysis was performed to determine the capacity of the shafts with different amounts of longitudinal steel rebar. The results were plotted against the demands, and on the basis of the results the amount of required longitudinal reinforcing steel was determined to be 1 percent of the amount of concrete used in the shafts. The distribution of the longitudinal reinforcing steel was established by following code requirements, with consideration also given to the limitations of constructing CIDH piles with the contractor’s preferred method, which is the water or slurry displacement method.A minimum amount of transverse steel had to be determined for use in the plastic regions of the shaft-that is, those at the top one-eighth of eighth of each shaft and within the shaft caps, which would absorb the highest seismic demands. Once this amount was determined, it was used as the minimum for areas of the shafts above their points of fixity where large lateral displacements were expected to occur. The locations of the transverse steel were then established by following code requirements and by considering the construction limitations of CIDH piles. The transverse steel was spiral shaped.Even though thief foundation designs differed, the towers themselves were designed to be identical. Each measures 185.5 m from the top of its pile cap and is designed as a hollow reinforced-concrete shaft with a truncated elliptical cross section (see figure opposite). Each tower’s width inplan varies along its height, narrowing uniformly from 9.5 m at the base of the tower to 6 m at the top. In the longitudinal direction, each pylon tapers from 9.5 m at the base to about 8 m right below the deck level, which is about 87 m above the tower base. Above the deck level the tower’s sections vary from 4.6 m just above the deck to 4.5 m at the top. Each tower was designed with a 2 by 4 m opening for pedestrian passage along the deck, a design challenge requiring careful detailing.The towers were designed in a accordance with the latest provisions of the ATC earthquake design manual mentioned previously (ATC-32). Owing to the portal frame action along the bridge’s longitudinal axis, special seismic detailing was implemented in regions with the potential to develop plastic hinges in the event of seismic activity-specifically, just below the deck and above the footing. Special confining forces and alternating open stirrups-with 90 and 135 degree hooks-within the perimeter of the tower shaft.In the transverse direction, the tower behaves like a cantilever, requiring concrete-confining steel at its base. Special attention was needed at the joint between the tower and the deck because of the central-plane stay-cable arrangement, it was necessary to provide sufficient torsional stiffness and special detailing at the pier-to-deck intersection. This intersection is highly congested with vertical reinforcing steel, the closely spaced confining stirrups of the tower shaft, and the deck prestressing and reinforcement.The approach structures on either side of the main span are supported on hollow reinforced-concrete piers that measure 8.28 by 5 m in plan. The design and detailing of the piers are consistent with the latest versions of the ATC and AASHTO specifications for seismic design. Capacity design concepts were applied to the design of the piers. This approach required the use of seismic modeling with moment curvature elements to capture the inelastic behavior of elements during seismic excitation. Pushover analyses of the piers were performed to calculate the displacement capacity of the piers and to compare them with the deformations computed in the seismic time-history analyses. To ensure an adequate ductility of the piers-an essential feature of the capacity design approach-it was necessary to provide adequate concrete-confining steel at those locations within the pier bases where plastic hinges are expected to form.The deck of the cable-stayed main span is composed of single-cell box girders of cast-in-place concrete with internal, inclined steel struts and transverse posttensioned ribs, or stiffening beams, toward the tops. Each box girder segment is 4.5 m deep and 6 m long. To facilitateconstruction and enhanc e the bridge’s elegant design, similar sizes were used for the other bridge spans. An integral concrete overlay with a thickness of 350 mm was installed instead of an applied concrete overlay on the deck. In contrast to an applied overlay, the integral overlay was cast along with each segment during the deck erection. Diamond grinding equipment was used to obtain the desired surface profile and required smoothness. The minimum grinding depth was 5 mm.A total of 128 stay cables were used, the largest comprising 83 monostrands. All cables with a length of more than 80 m were equipped at their lower ends with internal hydraulic dampers. Corrosion protection for the monostrands involved galvanization of the wires through hot dipping, a tight high-density polyethylene (HDPE) sheath extruded onto each strand, and a special type of petroleum wax that fills all of the voids between the wires.The stays are spaecd every 6 m and are arranged in a fan pattern.They are designed to be stressed from the tower only and are anchored in line with a continuous stiffening beam at the centerline of the deck.The deck anchorage system is actually a composite steel frame that encapsulates two continous steel plates that anchor the stays and transfer the stay forces in a continuous and repetitive system-via shear studs-throuthout the extent of the cable-supported deck (see figure above).A steel frame was designed to transfer the stays’horizontal forces to the box girders through concrete-embedded longitudinal steel plates and to transfer the boxes’ vertical forces directly through the internal steel struts.This innovative and elegant load transfer system made rapid construction of the concrete deck segments-in cycles of three to five days-possible.In addition to the geotechnical and seismic analyses,several structural analyses were performed to accurately capture the behavior of this complex bridge.For the service-load analysis,which includes live,temperature,and wind loads,the engineers used SAP2000, a computer program created and maintained by Computers &Structrures,Inc.(CSI), of Berkeley, California.This program was selected for its ability to easily model the service loads and to account for tridimensional effects.For correct SAP2000 modeling, it was necessary to define a set of initial stresses on the cables, deck, and tower elements to capture the state of the structure at the end of construction.For the calculation of those initial stresses, a series of iterations on the basic model were performed to obtain the stay forces in the structure that balance both the bridges’s self-weight and the superimposed dead loads. Once the correct cable stiffness and stress distribution were obtained, all subsequentservice-load analyses were performed to account for the geometric stiffness and P-deltaeffects, which consider the magnitude of an applied load (P) versus the displacement(delta).The seismic analysis of the structure was conducted using the SADSAP structural analysis program, also a CSI product, based on the differences in seismic motions that will be experienced at the different piers based on their distance from one another.This sophisticated program has the capability to model inelastic behavior in that flexural plastic hinges can readily be simulated.Plastic hinge elements were modeled at varous locations along the structure where the results from a preliminary response spectrum analysis in SAP2000 indicated that inelastic behavior might be expected.The time-history records pertaining to the site were used in conjunction with the SADSAP model to botain a performace-based design of the piers and towers and to verifh the design of several deck stctions.As previously mentioned,the construction contractor was brought on board early in the process;the company’s bid of $93 million was accepted and the project was awarded in March 2002.To guarantee unimpeded canal traffic,the bridge had to be constructed without the use of the canal waters.To accomplish this, the cast-in-place main-pain superstructure was erected using the balanced-cantilever method.Form travelers were used to accomplish this, and they were designed in such a way that they could be used as an integral part of the pier tables’falsework.After assembly on the ground, two 380 Mg form travelers were raised independently into the pier table casting position and connected to each other.After an initial learning period, the contractor was able to achieve a four-day cycle for the casting of the cantilevered deck segments, an achievement that greatly enhanced the ability of the team to construct the project on time.Once the side-span and mai-span closures were cast, the travelers had to be removed from locations adjacent to the towers rather than over water so as to avoid any influence on canal traffic.To save time, the towers approach structure, and piers were built simultaneously.The approach viaducts were designed and built using the span-by-span erection method by means of an underslung suupport truss.The east viaduct span was built first and the support truss was then removed and transferred to the west side so that it could be used to build the three spans of the west viaduct, one span at a time.The bridge construction was completeed in Auguse 2004 at a cost of approximately $2,780 per square meter.Its opening awaits the completion of the rest of the highway it serves.跨越世纪之桥1962年，横跨巴拿马运河的美国大桥作为仅有的固定连接开放交通车。

进口高温高压三通四通不锈钢卡套式接头

10.94
Überwurfmuttern Nuts 螺母
VOE/VME 10.110
WAS
UEM
艾克斯玛
i Seite / Page / 页 10.111
s SR
10.112
KM 10
10.113
20
VHS 10.114-10.115
30
EDKR/DKR 10.116
40
VDR 10.117
50
VOR
RS
10.102-10.106
Dichtringe Seal rings 密封环
Anschweißverschraubung Weldable connection 可焊连接
TR
Verschlußverschraubungen Caps 接头盖
VSI
10.107
O-Ringe O-rings O 形环
The areas of application for stainless steel cutting ring fittings extend from chemical and petrochemical plant and equipment, through pharmaceutical, paper, plastic, shipbuilding and aircraft industries, sluice applications, off-shore, measurement and control, as well as highly corrosive hydraulic systems and installations.
Aufschraub-/Manometerverschr. Female stud/Manometer fitting 内螺纹螺柱 / 压力计接头

PDMS文档《NAMING.DOC》英译汉

PDMS文档《NAMING.DOC》英译汉PDMS文档《NAMING.DOC》英译汉Naming Components元件命名International StandardANSI美国国家标准协会, BS英国国家标准DIN德国国家标准,ISO国际标准API美石油协会标准MSS制造商协会标准Standard Number元件标准号Component Type元件名Rating 压力等级Facing端面Size公称尺寸。

Type元件类型PDMS GTYPATTA(管道附件?) TEE三通BEND弯管ELBO弯头REDU异径管FLAN法兰OLET支管NOZZ管嘴CROSS四通VALVE阀Coupling 管箍Gaskets密封垫片Weld焊点Plug管堵，凸缘Cap管帽Pipe管子Trap疏水器Union活接头FILT过滤器FBLI盲板PCOM膨胀节TUBE接管INST(仪表) Nipples短管Miscellaneous? Auto (Control Valve, specials etc.)控制、调节阀，特殊管件密封面RF Raised Face凸台FF Flat Face平面RTJ 环面Ring Type Joint SCF Screwed Female内螺纹SCM Screwed Male外螺纹TUB Plain End平面BLF Blinded盲板BWD Buttweld End两端焊接LIN Lined Facing 水纹面FE Tongue榫面NU Groove槽面MA Male榫面FE 槽面VS Projection凸面RS Recess凹面Machine Bolt机制螺栓,Stud Bolt双头螺柱FE DIN2512,PN10~160,榫法兰密封面NU DIN2512,PN10~160,槽法兰密封面V13 DIN2513,PN10~160,凸法兰密封面R13 DIN2513,PN10~160,凹法兰密封面COCO Table Coding联接类编码ATT Attachment管道附件CLOS Closed end封闭端OPEN Open end开口端Socketwelding承插焊TUB Pipe or Tubing管子或短接VENT Open to vent排空DRAN Drain connection排放Component NAME codes元件命名编码Genral Standard标准名Component Standard元件标准Specific Type特殊类型End connection连接端部Pressure Rating压力等级Special Qualifier?Arrive bore? Leave or Branch bore?Control Valves Specials特殊件?Worcester？ FisherS？Masoleian？ Severn？Northvale？Regulating valves调节阀Angle, Direct Acting Globe角式,?截止阀Ball球阀Butterfly蝶阀Plug旋塞阀Three Way三通阀Reverse acting globe？Regulating valves -actuator operated调节阀驱动头Diaphragm？Electric Motor？Piston –Linear？Piston –Rotary？Bend弯管Single Tangent (LR) Double Tangent (LR) Long Radius Return (3NB)Short Radius Return(2NB) Close Radius Medium RadiusOpen Radius 67.5 Deg Spring 3D Pulled BendVariable Radius Bend Mitre BendCoupling TypeDow Radial Clamp? Full Coupling? Half Coupling? Flange AdapterRadial Lock? Union? Victaulic?ANSI B16.9锻轧制对焊管件ANSI B16.11锻制承插、螺纹管件ANSI B16.3玛钢螺纹管件ANSI B16.4灰铸铁螺纹管件ANSI B16.18铜合金焊接连接压力管件ANSI B16.22铜合金焊接连接压力管件ANSI B16.28对焊短半径弯头ANSI B16.5管法兰和法兰管件ANSI B16.24青铜法兰和法兰连接管件MSS-SP83承插焊和螺纹连接3000lb活接头ANSI B16.36带孔管法兰(类似JB/T4703的衬环法兰)API 600管线闸阀API 605大口径碳钢法兰MSS SP-44钢制管线法兰MSS SP-51磅级150耐蚀铸造法兰和管件DIN 2605钢制对焊管件(elbows,bends) DIN 2617 管帽DIN 2512-PN10~160榫槽法兰密封面DIN 2527-PN6~100凸台法兰密封面DIN 2628-PN250对焊法兰DIN 2629-PN320对焊法兰DIN 2630-PN2.5对焊法兰DIN 2631-PN6 对焊法兰DIN 2632-PN10 对焊法兰DIN 2633-PN16 对焊法兰DIN 2634-PN25 对焊法兰DIN 2635-PN40 对焊法兰DIN 2636-PN64 对焊法兰DIN 2637-PN100 对焊法兰DIN 2638-PN160 对焊法兰DIN 2641-PN6对焊松套法兰DIN 2615-对焊钢制管件-T DIN 2616-对焊钢制管件-REDUFlange TypeBlind法兰盖Lap送套法兰Orifice孔板法兰Reducing变径法兰Socket Weld承插焊法兰Threaded螺纹法兰Weld Neck对焊法兰Hub Slip on Hub滑套法兰Plate Slip on 板式滑套法兰Spacer(仪表法兰)? Screwed Boss高压螺纹法兰？Gaskets密封垫片ANSI B16.20管法兰垫片(环面、缠绕、金属包垫片) ANSI B16.21管法兰用非金属平垫片DIN 2690 (for DIN2501)PN1~40平垫DIN 2691 (for DIN2512) )PN10~160平垫DIN 2692 (for DIN2513) )PN10~100平垫DIN 2697 )PN64~400齿形平垫DIN 2698 Corrugated steel sheet gaskets,incorporating asbestor ropesGasket TypeFull Face全平面Inside Bolt CircleLarge Tongue & Groove大榫槽Small Tongue & Groove小榫槽Large Male / Female大凹凸Small Male / Female小凹凸Ring Type Joint金属环垫RTJRaised Face with Centring Ring？对中环？Graylock Sealing Ring & Clamp？定位环？Closures管道端部封闭件Closures Specific typeLong Cap长管帽Short Cap短管帽Flat Closure平盖Square Head Plug四方头管塞Hexagonal Head Plug六角头管塞Round Head Plug圆头管塞？Slotted Head Plug槽头管塞Plain Bull Plug? Tapped Bull Plug?Graylock Blind Hub? Countersunk Plug?Miscellaneous Items (sheet 1 of 2)? Gestra?Norgren? Rhodes? Plenty Simplex? Veebee? Teddington?Spirax Sarco? Amstrong? Yarway?Flame Arrester阻火器? Bursting Disc Assembly防爆组件Single Bellows Unit单波？Air Dryer空气干燥器Double Bellows双波Flow Indicator流量指示Filter过滤器Sight Glass视镜Ball Float Trap浮球疏水器Pot Type Strainer罐式粗滤器Orifice Plate孔板Spectacle Blind带双圈盲板Basket Type Strainer篮式粗滤器Y Type StrainerY型粗滤器T Type StrainerT型粗滤器Line blind？Spacer for tongue and groove flangesNipple: TypeBarrel Nipple桶形短管？Hexagonal六角形短管Close T aper承插短管？Pipe Nipple短管Eccentric Swage偏心异径短管Concentric Swage同心.. Tank NippleNipple End Connection短管端部Plain x Bevel平端x坡口Plain x Plain平端x平端Plain x Threaded NPT平端x NPT螺纹端Threaded Both Ends NPT两端NPT螺纹Radial Lock Both Ends Soldered, BrazedRadial Lock x Flanged Bevel x Victaulic GrooveThreaded x Victaulic GroovePipe Standard钢管标准ASTM A120无缝热浸镀锌黑色钢管ASTM A53碳素钢管ANSI B36.10有缝和无缝碳钢尺寸系列ASTM A-106锅炉钢管API 5L管线钢管ANSI B36.3不锈钢尺寸系列ANSI B36.19壁厚等级ASTM B42/B43铜管DIN 2448/2458钢管外径壁厚重量系列DIN 2462无缝不锈钢管Tubes DIN 2463有缝不锈钢管DIN 2916带弯管钢管Reducer Type异径管类型Concentric同心异径管Eccentric偏心异径管Hexagonal Bush 六角形衬套？Hexagonal Nipple六角形短管Reducing Insert焊接异径管？Stub-End 搭接接管端部Stub-End Type As Per Standard按标准Graylock Weld Hub?TEEs 支管Elbolet弯管支管台TEE By Full Coupling管接头支管Street TEE？Sweep TEE嵌入式支管TEE By Half Coupling半管接头支管Nipolet短管支管台Latrolet斜接支管台Double Sweep TEE双嵌入式支管Weldolet 对焊支管台Sockolet承插焊支管台Thredolet螺纹接头支管台Sweepolet嵌入式支管台Side Outlet TEE带侧向出口三通Side Outlet Elbow带侧向出口弯头Set On Branch (90Deg) Reinforced Set On Branch支管补强板Set On Branch With Saddle鞍式补强板Set On Branch, Var AngleInstrument TEE仪表支管Valves，ANSI B16.10/ DIN 3202阀门结构长度阀门供应商？Gestra，Hattersley Heaton，Anderson，Greenwood，Farris，Grayl ock……Valve TypesAngle Globe角阀Ball球阀Ball Type Check球形止回阀Piston Check活塞式止回阀Swing Check旋转式止回阀Flap Check翻板止回阀Angle Stop Check角式切断Straight Stop Check直通Wafer Check对夹式止回阀Tilting Disc翻转止回阀Diaphragm隔膜阀Full Bore Diaphragm全通径隔膜阀Butterfly蝶阀Gate闸阀Globe截止阀Needle针阀Plug塞形阀Relief安全泄放阀Short Ball短球阀Y Type Globe Y型截止阀Three Way三通阀Tank Dump Valve? Poppet?Valve Actuators阀门驱动方式Manual 90 Deg Turn手抡Pneumatic Piston柱塞气动Electric Motor Actuator电机驱动Gear Driven Handwheel齿轮驱动手轮Hydraulic液压Pressure Seal压力密封Rising Stem Handwheel明杆Non Rising Stem Handwheel暗杆Piston Fail Open? Piston Fail Closed? Diaphragm Fail Open? Diaphragm Fail Close Soenoid?Orifice plate hole sizes孔板孔径Welds焊点Fillet (SW)角焊SQ Flange Fillet间断焊Pipe Support Atta管道支撑件？Nozzle Standard接管标准Nozzle Type管觜类型Boss插入式Integral整体式Flanged法兰式Half Coupling半管接头Threaded螺纹Welded焊接Graylock？Flange Facings法兰密封面Flat Face全平面Raised Face凸台面Large Tongue大榫面Large Groove大槽面Small Tongue小榫面Small Groove小槽面Large Male Smooth光滑大凸面Large Male Serrated齿形大凸面Large Female大凹面Small Female小凹面Small Male小凸面Projection V13 (DIN)凸面Recess R13 (DIN)凹面Ring Type Joint环接面Plain平Buttweld (Bevel)对焊Socket Weld承插焊Threaded Male & Female螺纹凹凸Threaded NPT Female NPT 螺纹凹Threaded NPT Male NPT螺纹凸Threaded BSP Female BSP螺纹凹Threaded BSP Male BSP螺纹凸Soldered, Brazed? Radial Lock? Victaulic? Compression?End connections for non flanged connections Table E2非法兰连接端部End connections for flange faces Table E3 connections Table E2法兰连接端部。