EMS研究

INTRODUCTION
The field of ESB research has received interest and contributions from all disciplines of social sciences and humanities. While the interdisciplinary field of ESB is considered a major source of strength for opening up venues of innovation and creativity in research, it has also brought
strategies for transcending contemporary dichotomies of ESB research, and offer a novel way of
approaching multi- level ESB research.
创业和小企业（ESB）研究取得了一定程度的成熟，这些研究在分析层面上较为复杂。由于这些发展，关于ESB的研究有很多显著的 稳定的传统。 本章认为，这一领域的学术研究将受益于一种更综合的方法。本章首先确定在分析层面上的EBS研究的关键方法，然后，采用布尔 迪厄的观点，本文为超越当代二分法的EBS研究提供多种策略，并且提出了一种接近多水平EBS研究的新方法。
such as Giddens (1984, 1991), Bourdieuan frameworks are uniquely capable of traversing both
the qualitative and quantitative domains and displaying empirical and interpretivist sensibilities equally, on the basis of alternating methodologies often within the same project in order to
此外，主流创业研究仍然经常把一个典型的企业家设想为经济人，也就是说，一个按配方制造的经济代理作为一个“英雄人物”，他 通过远见、魅力、分析能力和计算的说服力进行控制，以及根据自己的想象重塑世界，来向前推动。
INTRODUCTION
We provide Bourdieuan sociology as a way forward, as Bourdieu‟s work promises to transcend sources and mechanisms of doxic privileging and false dichotomies of science, thereby opening up possibilities for multi- level investigations transcending dichotomous and separate framing of
Unlike Giddens, whose works are often non- empirical and concerned with building abstract
social theory with latent capacity for application potential, Bourdieu‟s body of work stands as an active effort at the unification of empirical specificity and theory building, which lends itself to
levels.
我们把布尔迪厄的社会学作为一个前进的方向，因为布尔迪厄的工作承诺超越doxic特权的来源和机制以及有关科学的错误的二分法， 所以开放多水平学术研究的可能性将超越二分法和水平的分离框架。
INTRODUCTION
A highly cited management theorist such as Clegg (1989, 1990), while useful in shedding light
who is continually powered forward by foresight, charisma, analytical prowess and cogency of
calculation to control and remake the world in „his‟ own image (Ogbor, 2000).
暨南大学
管理学院
王惠芬教授
OVERVIEW
Entrepreneurship and small business (ESB) research has achieved a level of maturity which now presents a complex mixture in terms of the levels of analysis. As a result of these developments, the research on small business and entrepreneurship has a number of distinct traditions, which somehow remain in silos. In this chapter, we argue that this field of academic endeavour would benefit from a more integrated approach. We first identify the key approaches in ESB research in terms of the levels of analysis. Next, adopting a Bourdieuan perspective, we offer viable
with it a number of challenges. Growing divergences in the epistemology and ontology of the
existing body of ESB research, on the one hand, makes it possible for different approaches to be considered, on the other, it disallows cross- fertilisation of ideas across different perspectives,
inhabit multiple levels of analysis to secure a more complex and accurate representation of
social phenomena (see for instance Bourdieu, 1984).
一个被高度引用的管理理论家，如Clegg，虽然对于权利与话语的问题研究上有一定的帮助，不能像布尔迪厄的工作一样提供一个解
释社会行为和过程的完整框架，如和创业相关的内容。同样，与由一个相当的社会理论家如Giddens所提出的理论相比，布尔迪厄
式框架是唯一能够横贯定性和定量领域，和展示经验的、具有解释力的感情一样，在交替法的基础上，经常在同一个项目中，在分 析的多水平上出现以确保更复杂和准确的社会环境。
INTRODUCTION
methods and themes of research.
ESB研究领域从社会科学和人类学等学科中获得了利益和贡献。尽管ESB的跨学科领域被认为是开放创新和创造力强度的主要来源， 但是它还带来了一系列挑战。在现存的EBS认识论和本体研究中逐渐增长的分歧，一方面，使不同的方法被考虑，另一方面，它不 允许关于不同的研究视角、方法和主题的观点的We would first like to delve into the frequently noted richness in ESB research that it presents a
complex bricolage in terms of the levels of analysis. In the main, research on ESB has followed
INTRODUCTION
Moreover, mainstream entrepreneurship research still often envisages a typical entrepreneur as homoeconomicus stripped largely of affect, intersubjectivity, personal narratives, discursive groundings or intersectional complexities, that is, an economic agent formulated as a demigod,
on issues of power and discourse, does not provide a complete framework as Bourdieu‟s body of
work does in explicating socially based acts and processes, such as those relating to entrepreneurship. Equally, compared with theories propounded by a comparable social theorist
Multi-level approaches to entrepreneurship and small business research： transcending dichotomies with Bourdieu