ENGLISH-CHINESE TRANSLATION：skills and practice内部练习答案
English-Chinese Translation 1
Anglo-saxon Attitude) 儿戏？ 轻而易举 Wall Street is a dog-eat-dog place. 华尔街是一个残酷的地方。
1. 1. 3 Requirements for a translator
② 米勒给切斯特菲尔德夫人画了一副画，画上的她比她本人要好看 些 / 该像之美简直超过了她本人。
(3) Henry Kissinger had slept there before, in July and again in October. 这之前，亨利· 基辛格在7月和10月两度在这里下榻。
Chapter 1 Introduction
1. 1 General issues
1. 1. 1 The nature of translation
1) Translation is a cross-lingual and cross-cultural communication.
2) Translation means to reproduce in the target language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of
He emerged on January 31 to go to Deli for the conference which, however negative from his point of view, at least provided the occasion for his bath in twenty-nine days. 译文1：一月三十一日，史迪威抵达德里。尽 管他对这个会议的态度十分消极，但最少在二 十九天以来，他第一次有了个洗澡的机会。 译文2：一月三十一日，史迪威参加会议。这 次会议在他看来不管有多么消极，至少为他提 供了一个二十九天以来第一次洗澡的机会。
通过中文翻译促进学生对英语的理解(3)
Encouraging the use of bilingual dictionaries or translation apps for spontaneous speech: These tools can provide quick and convenient access to the English equivalents of Chinese words and phrases, enabling students to incorporate them into their spontaneous speech.
02
Cultural background knowledge is also essential for accurate translation as it enables the translator to understand the cultural references and implications of the source text.
Fostering cross-cultural understanding
By understanding the cultural and linguistic differences between English and Chinese, students can develop a deeper understanding and appreciation for both cultures.
Providing Chinese subtitle…
This can help students understand the meaning and context of the English language more quickly and accurately.
《高级英汉翻译》课程终结考试试卷（样题及答案和评分标准）
《⾼级英汉翻译》课程终结考试试卷（样题及答案和评分标准）Get ready for the final exams of English/ChineseTranslation (1&2)Part I E－C Translation Test1. Composition of the Test Papers & useful skills in coping with the tests“⾼级英汉翻译”课程●评价⽬标：重点测试学⽣英汉笔译的技巧，包括增译法、减译法、词类转移法、词序调整法、分译法、重译法、正说反译，反说正译法和习语翻译等。
同时也考查相关的翻译理论知识、英语理解和汉语表达能⼒。
●命题原则：根据教材所涵盖的⽂章主题、体裁、翻译技巧以及与教材难度相当的书⾯语⾔材料命题。
英译汉的课外材料必须是从英语原著上选来的未经简化的⽂字。
涉及教材内容不少于50%。
●试题结构：“⾼级英汉翻译”课程终结考试试卷（样题）课程编号：ENBAE3 1001______ 学籍号：________________ 学习中⼼：________________ 姓名：________________ Information for the Examinees:This examination consists of FOUR sections. They are:Section I: Understanding of Theories (10 points, 15 minutes)Section II: Phrase Translation (25 points, 20 minutes)Section III: Sentence Translation (30 points, 25 minutes)Section IV: Passage Translation (35 points, 60 minutes)The total marks for this examination are 100 points. Time allowed forcompleting this examination is 2 hours (120 minutes)YOU MUST WRITE ALL YOUR ANSWERS ON THE ANSWER SHEET. Section I Understanding of Theories[10 points] Questions 1-10. (10 points)The following statements are about some translation theories you are familiar with. Decide whether these statements are true or false by writing T for "true" and F for "false" on your Answer Sheet.______1. Since Chinese and English belong to two different language families, one has to make some adjustments in lexicon and sentence structure to make the translated version smooth and natural.______2. Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and second in terms of style.______3. Every language adopts the same system of classifying its experience.______4. It widely agreed that there are three stages in the procedure of translation: analysis, transfer, and restructuring.______5. A word may have several meanings, but its linguistic context will help to point out the exact meaning of that word. ______6. Semotactic marking, one aspect of linguistic context, refers to the situation when the meaning of a word in a sentence is specified by the grammatical construction of that sentence.______7. In translating from English to Chinese, one must repeat key words including nouns, verbs, and pronouns.______8. In the process of transfer, the conceptual content of the message has the highest priority. Therefore, there is no need to keep the original form of the source-language text.______9. The situational factors relate to the occasion and circumstances of the speech event and to the relationships between speakers.______10. Nida believes that in testing the translation, one must focus attention not upon the extent of verbal correspondence but upon the amount of dynamic equivalence.Section II Phrase Translation[25 points]Part 1. Questions 11-20. (10 points)Choose a better version of Chinese translation for each of the following phrases. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.11. the journey across AfricaA. 遍及⾮洲的旅⾏B. 穿越⾮洲的旅⾏12. be behind scheduleA. 落后于计划B. 在计划后⾯13. play the fluteA. 玩笛⼦B. 吹笛⼦14. black teaA. 红茶B. ⿊茶15. like a cat on hot bricksA. 烫砖上的猫B. 热锅上的蚂蚁16. a concept inconceivable beforeA. ⼀个以前⽆法想象的概念B. ⼀个概念，在以前⽆法想象17. Dutch treatA. 打平伙B. 荷兰式的招待18. political campaignA. 政治运动B. 竞选活动19. mountain lionA. ⼭狮B. 美洲豹20. an instrument designed to extend the range of people's sensesA. ⼀个⽤来拓展⼈们感觉范围的⼯具B. ⼀个⼯具，⽤来拓展⼈们的感觉范围Part 2. Questions 21-30. (15 points)Translate the following phrases and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.21. a hard question ____________________22. hard water ____________________23. the last ten-day period of a month ____________________24. a good Christian ____________________25. a well-managed company ____________________26. particles moving around their atomic nucleus ____________________27. generations of painstaking observation ____________________28. an unlikely coalition of university professors ____________________29. a computer genius ____________________30. as much with courtesy as with force ____________________Section III Sentence Translation [30 points]Questions 31-40: Translate the following sentences using the translation skills and techniques you have learned from this course. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.31. Nobody could count on his restraint or rationality.____________________________________________________________32. Modern skyscrapers began to appear in the city, taking away much of its ancient charm and mystery, which was considered as a great pity by many people.____________________________________________________________33. The news had already spread along the streets and lanes.____________________________________________________________34. The examination left no doubt that the victim had not died of a heart attack but had been killed.____________________________________________________________35. There was no use arguing. The die was cast.____________________________________________________________36. Twentieth century history shows the impressive adaptive capacity of international relations based on multinational principles and norms.____________________________________________________________37. We are very grateful to you for your effort to come all the way from China to present his document to us.____________________________________________________________38. The problem of refugees should be dealt with in an integrated manner.____________________________________________________________39. It is exciting to visit your great country.____________________________________________________________40. No one was more willing to do a favor for friend or neighbour than he.____________________________________________________________Section IV Passage Translation[35 points]Part 1. Question 41. (15 points)The following passage is about problems with Darwinian Theory. Please translate it into Chinese on your Answer Sheet. You may refer to the new words and expressions provided in the box below.If Darwinian Theory works so well, why challenge it? There are several reasons to do so. Although Darwinian Theory explains many of the facts of evolution better than any other theory, it does not necessarily explain the whole process. Also, some of the results of evolution do not match what Darwinian Theory would predict.For example, if evolution leads to a perfect adaptation through natural selection acting on random hereditary changes, the process ought to slow down as it gets closer to the optimum for each species because fewer favorable changes can be made. Indeed, someorganisms-cockroaches and sponges, for example, are so well adapted that they have changed very little in many millions of years.Their evolutionary rate does seem to have slowed down. We should also see decrease in the number of species as they compete with one another and unsuccessful species are eliminated. But we see no such slowing down, and the number of species appears to be at least as great now as in the geologic past and perhaps even greater.Part 2. Question 42. (20 points)The following passage is an excerpt from a book talking about the special joys of slow reading. Please translate it into Chinese on your Answer Sheet.I discovered the worth of super-slow reading years ago. Previously, if I had been really interested in a book, I would race from page to page, eager to know what came next. Now, I decided, I had to become a miser with words and stretch every sentence like a poor man spending his last dollar. I had started with the practical object of making my book last. But by the end of the second week I began to realize how much I was getting fromsuper-slow-reading itself. Sometimes just a particular phrase caught my attention, sometimes a sentence. I would read it slowly, analyze it, read it again-perhaps changing down into an even lower gear-and then sit for 20 minutes thinking about it before moving on. I was like a pianist studying a piece of music, phrase by phrase, rehearsing it, trying to discover and recreate exactly what the composer was trying to convey.参考答案与评分标准（样题）Section I Understanding of Theories[10 points] Questions 1-10. (10 points, 1 point each)1.T2.T3. F4.T5.T6. F7. F8. F9.T 10.T Section II Phrase Translation[25 points] Part 1. Questions 11-20. (10 points, 1 point each) 11. B 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. B16. A 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. APart 2. Questions 21-30. (15 points, 1.5 points each.)Marking guide:评分标准（共15分，每个1.5分）：1．译⽂应准确、完整。
实用英汉翻译技巧与实践(Chapter 1&2)
An Applied Course in English-Chinese Translation Skills and Practice实用英汉翻译技巧与实践(Definition of Translation)1.2 翻译的原则(Principles of Translation)忠实(Faithfulness)通顺(Smoothness)1.3 翻译的基本步骤(Basic Steps in Translation)a. 原文理解（Comprehension of Source Texts)•词义确定（Determination of Word Meaning)It is quite another story now.The officials concerned refused to confirm the story in the Post.The white-haired girl's story is one of the saddest.A young man came to police station with a story.•语法分析（Grammatical Analysis)W hile I was waiting to enter university, I saw advertised in a local newspaper a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived.•逻辑判断（Logical Judgement)H e bought a picture of the house which many people thought to be replica.•文体把握（Understanding of Style)旅游景点警示语：路滑, 小心跌倒！译1：The road is slippery, fall down carefully！译2：The path is so slippery that you should be careful not to fall down.译3：Slippery // Wet path！b.译文表达（Expression of Target Texts)c. 译文校核(Proofreading of Target Texts)1.4 翻译的主要方法（Major Translation Approaches)a. 直译法（Literal Translation）p aper tigerl ose facer unning dogG ood to begin well, better to end well.b. 意译法（Free Translation）Q ueen’s Englishs mall talkr eceive glove moneyE very life has its roses and thorns．c. 归化法（Domestication）b lack sheepa s timid as a hared.异化法（Foreignization）1.5 翻译的常用技巧（Practical Translation Skills)异&选择（Choice of Word Meaning)一词多义（Polysemous Words）•New homes are for sale.•I’ll see her home tonight.•He’s at home with classics.•Maternity home costs in America have gone up sharply.a. 语境与词义（Context and Word Meaning）A caller to the broadcasting station claimed responsibility for the bombing.T hroughout centuries London has claimed to be the foremost city of the world.b.词性与词义（Word Class and Word Meaning）M y room was big, light and looked out on the East lake.H e lighted his cigarette, said good night, and went on.c.文体与词义（Style and Word Meaning）•United States Declaration of Independence：He has affected to render the military independent of and superior to the civil power.•The third power of 2 is 8.2.2 引申翻译a. 具体化引申翻译（Extension from the Abstract or General Words to the Concrete Words)•抽象名词的具体化（Concreteness fromAbstract Nouns)T he car in front of me stalled and I missed the green.T he administration was free from corruption.•概括词语的具体化（Concreteness from General Words）A nimal waste is the best food for the soil.T he weather has a great effect on the farmer¡¯s work and the products of his work.b. 概括化引申翻译（Extension from the Concrete or Special Words to the General Words)H e was born with a silver spoon in his mouth.M y father is the bread earner.2.3 增补翻译(Addition)a. 语法增补（Grammatical Addition)•动词的增补（Addition of Verbs)I fell madly in love with her, and she with me.A fter the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibition, he went home tiredly.•量词的增补（Addition of Measure Words)A red sun rose slowly from the calm sea.T he carefully planned party turned out to be a bad dream.•时态词的增补（Addition of Words Denoting Tenses)T he tutor had taught the girl to play the piano.T he old man said, “They say his father was ¡°a fisherman. Maybe he was as poor as we are.”译文：老头儿说: “听人说，从前他爸爸是个打鱼的。
中国翻译简史
1. 课程介绍讲解时间过长，翻译史讲授时比较 匆忙、粗略。 2. 翻译的定义讲解不够明确。 3. 翻译定义那页有输入错误：in terms of 4. 科技翻译时期有错误：翻译原因，而非翻译 目的。 5. 翻译史的内容需要加工，有点乱：应先讲这 一时期的总体特征，然后再讲翻译代表人物
另外一种分法：
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 东汉至唐宋的佛经翻译 明清之际的科技翻译 清末民初的西学翻译 “五四”至建国之前的翻译活动 新中国成立之后的翻译活动
第一次高潮：两汉至唐宋的佛经翻译（1000余年）
1. 2. 3. 中国的翻译始于佛经翻译 佛经三大翻译家：鸠摩罗什、玄奘、真谛 玄奘对我国翻译事业的贡献： 去印度求经，梵文译成汉文 把老子著作译成梵文 提出翻译标准：既须求真，又须喻俗
刘四狂笑起来：“哈哈，你这小子要造反吗 ？说你哪，说谁！你给我马上滚！看着你不错， 赏你脸，你敢在太岁头上动土，我是干什么的， 你也不打听打听！滚！永远别再教我瞧见你，上 他妈的这儿找便宜来啦，啊？ 选自《骆驼祥子》
“你让我倒他妈的八辈子邪霉了！”
Translation Standards （翻译标准）
第二次高潮：明末清初的科技翻译
1. 标志着中国译著的方向性转变 2. 徐光启（科技译祖）、李之藻（中华之才）（几何、测 量、算学、农业、水利、机械、哲学等方面的著作） 自身喜爱科学技术 力图通过科学技术改变我国的经济状况 3. 来华的传教士将基督教文化和西方科技文献译介进了中 文（文化传播的使者） 4. 朝廷支持不够，译者不足，传入我国的一大批西方书籍 未得到译传。
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2011-2020CATTI英语三级笔译实务试题
2011-2020.11CATTI英语三级笔译实务科目试题（2021.02整理版）使用说明：本资料实务科目试题主要靠考友分享信息、回忆整理，难免与考试实际题目存有出入。
整理发布仅供学习参考之用，为避免过多修改原始来源产生语义及文本错误，整理时尽可能不对原始来源进行过多修改。
如有个别句段字眼差异还请谅解。
暂无法提供与原始考试完全一致试题回忆，还请见谅。
综合科目因主要为选择题、阅读题、完形填空（有选项），难以回忆整理，故网上基本无资源。
实务试题答案可参考官方出版的历年真题、韩刚老师《90天突破CATTI三级笔译》系列书目或关注CATTI考试资料与资讯微信公众号（扫码可关注）、微博推送的部分考友投稿版本。
CATTI英语三级笔译实务试题2020.11Section1:English-Chinese Translation(50points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.(50points)来源金融时报|整理@Bcup肚肚的多啦A梦原文链接如下，考试时内容有删减及修改https:///content/16ef6eb2-9a8d-11e6-8f9b-70e3cabccfaeAt51,Cathy wanted to put her Oxford physics degree and former experience to better use.She had worked part-time in a school for several years while her three children were young,but she wanted to get back into the corporate world.Several applications later,she was getting nowhere.Then a friend told her about“returnships”,a form of work experience that some companies are experimenting with to help older people—mainly women—return to work,often after breaks to care for families.Cathy eventually secured a place on an11-week“Career Returners”programme with O2,open to men and women,which included being buddied with a20-year-old male student.He helped to acquaint her with new technology,such as using an iPhone and accessing the company’s virtual private network from her laptop so she could work from home but still access internal files.“On the assessment day,I thought they must have been looking at my project management skills. But they weren’t looking at us for specific roles.They were just thinking,‘These women have a lot to offer,let’s see what they can do.’That was refreshing.”O2is one of a clutch of companies,in the UK and the US,that have spotted an opportunity in hiring female returnees,who can put to use again technical skills learnt earlier in their careers.Fans of returnships—the concept was pioneered in2008by the late Brenda Barnes,former chief executive at food company Sara Lee—believe middle-aged women returning after a break make particularly good employees,because they bring a fresh perspective.Women tend to combine high emotional intelligence with strong leadership and organisational skills.There is a“massive pool of highly skilled people who want to return to work,”says head of human resources at an engineering company.“Recruitment agencies typically view people who have had two years out as a risk,but we see them as a great opportunity.”In fact,by hiring female returnees,companies can access hard skills these women developed in their former high-level jobs—and for a discount.In return,employers coach older females back into working life.Through her returnship,she gained a full-time role as an operations data consultant,handling projects within service management at O2.She still is earning less than she would like to.“But it’s a foot in the door and the salary is up for review in six months,”she says.It is still overwhelmingly women who stay home to care for young government figures show that women account for around90per cent of people on extended career breaks for caring reasons.A lack of older women working,particularly in highly skilled roles,is costing the UK economy £50bn a year,according to a report last year.This was the amount that women over the age of50 would have earned in2015.The report found that men over50took home nearly two-thirds of the total wages paid out to everyone in that age range in2015.It blamed the pay gap on the low-skilled,part-time roles older women often accept.Some41per cent of women in work in the UK do so part-time,as opposed to only11per cent of men.This issue is not restricted to the UK.A study last year by economists found“robust evidence of age discrimination in hiring against older women”in a range of white and blue-collar jobs.The data show that it is harder for older women to find jobs than it is for older men regardless of whether they have taken a break from working.Section2:Chinese-English Translation(50points)Translate the following passage into English.摘自：外交部和国家互联网信息办公室《网络空间国际合作战略》/zxbd/wz/Document/1543852/1543852.htm当今世界，以互联网为代表的信息技术日新月异，引领了社会生产新变革，创造了人类生活新空间，拓展了国家治理新领域，极大提高了人类认识世界、改造世界的能力。
德国留学APS审核英语专业复习资料语言类中英文对照版本
语言类：英语笔译，英语口译，英语写作，高级英语，综合英语，英语视听说，基础英语，英语听力，英语口语，商务英语，商务英语阅读、商务沟通、商务英语写作，专业英语，英语国家概况英语笔译：Introduction to TranslationIn this unit, students are expected to learn the definition of translation; the scope of translation; translation criteria; literal translation and free translation.Ⅰ. What Is Translation?Linguistic view on translation:Translation is “the replacement of textual material in one language (source language) by equivalent textual material in another language (target language). ”(Catford, 1965:20)Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. (Nida & Taber 1969:12)所谓翻译，是指在译语中用最贴切而又自然的对等语再现原文的信息，首先在语义上，其次在文体上。
(E. A 奈达, 1969)Communicative views on translation:This approach views translation as a communicative process which takes place within a social context. The translator attempts to produce the same effect on the target language readers as was produced by the original on the source language readers. (Newmark, 1982:22) 翻译是一种跨文化的信息交流与交换的活动，其本质是传播。
浅谈增词法、省略法在英汉翻译中的技能[整理版]
![浅谈增词法、省略法在英汉翻译中的技能[整理版]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/1747fd9fd1d233d4b14e852458fb770bf78a3bbb.png)
浅谈增词法、省略法在英汉翻译中的技巧李凯玉A Study of Amplification and Omittion inEnglish-Chinese Translation SkillsLi Kaiyu摘要：文字的增补与省略，并不是说在原文思想内容之外，再增加什么意思或减少什么意思，而是说，在保证译文和原文意思完全一致的前提下，在字面上作一些补充或删减，其目的是使译文更加真实流畅。
在翻译中，有些词在特定词组中失去具体实义，仅仅表明范畴，想“态势”、“状态”、“问题”、“局面”等，按我们汉语的搭配习惯，组成“以实带虚”相对的固定词组。
象“衣食住行问题”、“听天由命的心态”、“贫穷落后的状况”等。
英语和汉语表达方式不一样，他习惯使用抽象名词来表达与汉语词组相同的意思，所以翻译的时候要注意。
关键要根据上下文，确定这些词在句子里是否具有实在的意义，则省略不译，以免产生累赘。
这是最忌讳的！关键词：增词；省略；翻译Abstract: With the addition of the words omitted, it does not mean that the original ideological content, the increase or decrease in the meaning of what it meant, It said that to ensure translations and the original meaning is fully consistent with the premise that literally make some additions or delete. The purpose is true: more fluent. In translation, some words have lost their specific real justice in a particular phrase, merely indicates areas like "ours" and "state" "problems" and "situation", according to our customary mix of Chinese, "which in real modest" relative to the fixed phrase. Like "green" and "fatalistic mentality," and "the situation of poverty and backwardness." English and Chinese expression is not, he used abstract terms with the Chinese phrase to express the same meaning. Therefore, we must pay attention to the translation. The key to the light of the context, the possibility of determining these words have real meaning of the sentence., it cannot be translated. In order to avoid cumberance. This is the most taboo!Key words:Amplification; Omitted; Translation引言翻译是一种跨越时空的语言活动，是“一种语言已经表达出来的东西用另一种语言完整而准确的表达出来。
英语翻译translationpractice
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） 计算机辅助翻译软件：TRADOS, CAT 在线交流：翻译论坛，QQ群
2020/7/7
Context 语境
• The young man walked at the head of the parade.
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Bable Tower
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• Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text.
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Orientation
Content： • English-Chinese and Chinese-English
translation practices • Basic Translation skills and strategies
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• 大城市的交通问题必须解决。 • Traffic ________in big cities must be solved.
• 课后，他向我提了很多问题。 • He asked many ________to me after class.
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• Please keep the fire burning. • 你的眼睛真大。 • If you go, I will go. • 加快经济发展速度
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Orientation
Arrangment:
Words &
phrases
英汉翻译introduction
What is translation?(1)
The term translation itself has several meanings: it can refer to the general subject field, the product ( the text that has been translated) or the process ( the act of producing the translation, otherwise known as translating) Categories of translation are as follows:
times for eaClass participation, 5%; Class discussion, 5%; Homework & research, 40% Final examination, 50% (if there will be no exam, homework & res. will take 90%)
A Course in EnglishChinese Translation
(basic ideas、skills and practice)
Course Description
Purpose：basic ideas，basic skills，translation ability Textbook and references (books to read)：
What is a text?(2) A text in linguistics
Text Paragraph Sentence Clause Phrase Word realized in
Lecture 1 Techniques of Chinese-English Translation
II. Adding Necessary Articles
1. 我们对问题要做全面的分析，才能解决妥当。 We must make a comprehensive analysis of a/the problem before it can be properly solved. 2. 耳朵是用来听声音的器官，鼻子用来嗅气味， 舌头用来尝滋味。 The ear is the organ (which is) used for hearing, the nose is (used) for smelling, (and) the tongue is (used) for tasting.
3. 他连续讲了两小时的法语，没有出现任何的错 误。 He has been speaking in French for two hours without any mistakes. （省动词） 4. 我们不后退，我们从没后退过，将来也决不后退。 We don’t retreat, we never have and never will. 5.看完足球赛后，他要参加一个重要会议。 He’s got an important meeting after the soccer match.
Exercise
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 我们必须培养分析问题、解决问题的能力。 每条河流都有上游、中游、下游。 多年来那个国家一直有严重的失业现象。 这些新型汽车速度快、效率高、行动灵活。 中国人民历来是勇于探索，勇于创造，勇于革 命的。
Addition
Definition: Addition (amplification) refers to the adding of words, phrases, or even sentences in translation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the source text to achieve semantic completion and syntactic completion. Question: What kind of words should be added in Chinese-English translation?
高中英语作文中英互译
高中英语作文中英互译Here is an essay on the topic of "High School English-Chinese Translation" with over 1,000 words, written in English without any additional title or punctuation.High school is a critical stage in a student's academic journey where they are exposed to a diverse range of subjects and skills. Among these, the study of English language and its translation to and from the student's native language holds significant importance. The ability to effectively translate between English and one's mother tongue not only enhances language proficiency but also opens up a world of opportunities for personal and professional growth.One of the primary reasons why high school English-Chinese translation is so crucial is the increasing globalization of the world. In today's interconnected society, the ability to communicate seamlessly across language barriers has become a valuable asset. Whether it's understanding the instructions for a new gadget, navigating a foreign country, or collaborating with international colleagues, the skill of translation is in high demand. By honing their English-Chinese translation abilities during their high school years, students can better prepare themselves for the challenges andopportunities that await them in the future.Moreover, the process of translation itself is a complex and multifaceted task that requires a deep understanding of both languages. It involves not just the literal conversion of words but also the nuanced interpretation of cultural references, idioms, and contextual cues. High school students who engage in English-Chinese translation exercises develop a heightened sensitivity to the subtleties of language, which can significantly enhance their overall language proficiency.In the classroom setting, English-Chinese translation activities can take various forms, ranging from simple vocabulary exercises to more advanced text translation projects. These exercises not only test the students' language skills but also challenge them to think critically and creatively. For instance, when translating a passage from English to Chinese, students must consider the appropriate word choice, sentence structure, and cultural context to ensure an accurate and natural-sounding translation.Furthermore, the practice of English-Chinese translation can have a positive impact on a student's academic performance across different subjects. By developing a stronger command of both languages, students can better comprehend and articulate their understanding of complex concepts, whether in science, history, orliterature. This, in turn, can lead to improved academic achievement and a deeper appreciation for the interconnectedness of various disciplines.Beyond the academic realm, the skills acquired through English-Chinese translation can also be invaluable in the professional world. In an increasingly globalized job market, employers often seek candidates with multilingual abilities, including proficiency in both English and the local language. By demonstrating their translation skills during the high school years, students can set themselves apart from their peers and increase their employability in a wide range of industries, from business and finance to tourism and international relations.Additionally, the process of English-Chinese translation can foster a greater appreciation for cultural diversity and cross-cultural understanding. As students navigate the nuances of language and cultural differences, they develop a more nuanced perspective on the world around them. This can lead to enhanced empathy, critical thinking, and the ability to navigate complex social and professional situations with greater ease.In conclusion, the importance of high school English-Chinese translation cannot be overstated. It is a skill that not only enhances language proficiency but also opens up a world of opportunities forpersonal and professional growth. By engaging in translation exercises and developing a deeper understanding of the complexities of language, high school students can better prepare themselves for the challenges and opportunities that await them in the future. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, the ability to effectively translate between English and one's native language will continue to be a valuable asset, and high school is the perfect time to cultivate this essential skill.。
英语翻译方法技巧介绍
02
Modifying the voice to fit the cultural context and norms of the target language
Preserving voice of characters
03
Retaining the unique voice of characters or narrators in translated fiction or narrative texts
Streamlining complex senses and rephrasing long senses for better comprehension
Maintaining original intention
Adjusting presence structure to ensure the translated text contains the same meaning as the source text
Detailed description
Summary word
combination of sound and meaning
Detailed description
The combination of sound and meaning is a compromise translation method that considers both the pronunciation characteristics of the original text and the accuracy of meaning expression. On the basis of retaining the original pronunciation, try to choose vocabulary and expressions that can accurately convey the meaning of the original text.
英语笔译务实科目
英语笔译务实科目English:English-into-Chinese translation is a practical subject that requires a deep understanding of both languages and cultures. A successful translator not only needs to have a perfect command of the language skills, but also be familiar with the context and culture behind the text to deliver an accurate and natural translation. Therefore, to improve the quality of the translation, a good translator needs to have a broad knowledge base, be able to adapt to changing situations, and constantly update their skills and knowledge. Furthermore, a translator must possess a strong sense of responsibility, ethics, and code of conduct to maintain the integrity and authenticity of the translation. In today's globalized world, the demand for professional translators is increasing rapidly. Translators play a crucial role in international communication, business, and cultural exchange, and are indispensable in promoting mutual understanding and cooperation between different countries and regions.中文翻译：英语-汉语翻译是一门实用性极强的学科，需要深刻理解两种语言和文化。
English-to-Chinese Translation
Barking
dogs do not bite. 吠犬不咬人。 Who is contented, enjoys. 知足者常乐。 Misfortunes never come singly. 祸不单行。 It is harder to change human nature than to change rivers and mountains. 江山易改，本性难移。 Like father, like son. 有其父必有其子。
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
10. No one can deny the fact that a person’s education is the most important aspect of his life. 没有人能否认：教育是人生最重要的一方面。 11. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer. 人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。 12. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself. 事实上，我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。 13. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment. 我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。 14. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities. 人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机 会。
出国留学课程描述
微积分微积分是研究变量及其变化规律的科学，它为研究事物的发展变化提供了基本的数学基础和框架。
本课程以函数为主要研究对象，以极限分析为基本方法，系统地介绍了微积分的基本理论与基本方法。
内容主要包括函数、极限与连续、导数与微分、中值定理和导数应用、不定积分、定积分、无穷级数、多元函数、常微分方程简介。
英语语音通过该教程的学习，可以掌握正确的英语发音，提高英语的听辨能力，学会使用得体的英语语音语调表达思想，以达到有效交际的目的。
全书共15个单元。
第1单元介绍英语的音节、重音与节奏的要领。
其余14个单元按训练的侧重点分为三大部分：第2～7单元重点是英语的辅音与元音；第8～12单元重点学习英语的节奏规律；第13～15单元介绍英语语调的种类、结构、功能和使用。
每单元由5部分组成：语音知识简介、听辨和发音训练、重音和语流感知训练、听力和模仿训练、巩固和活用语音语调知识的交际练习等。
英语泛读本课程旨在培养英语阅读理解能力和提高阅读速度；培养细致观察语言的能力以及假设判断、分析归纳、推理检验等逻辑思维能力；提高阅读技能，包括细读、略读、查阅等能力；并通过阅读训练扩大词汇量、吸收语言和文化背景知识。
阅读材料题材广泛，为学生提供了广泛的语言和文化素材，扩大知识面，增强英语语感，培养阅读兴趣，从而有效提高英语交际能力。
英语日常会话本课程由外教授课，通过专门的会话技能训练，培养语言能力、理解能力以及思维能力，加深对英美国家文化习俗的了解，提高口头表达能力和交际能力。
本课程要求学习者具备基本的英语听说能力，熟悉英语国家的文化背景知识，能够恰当运用口语进行日常社交活动。
英美影视与文化主要是通过观看和赏析英美影视作品，更深入地了解英语语言、英美文学和文化。
本课程赏析的英美影视作品主要有《死亡诗社》《蒙娜丽莎的微笑》《律政俏佳人》《喜福会》《我的巨型希腊婚礼》等。
英语笔译实务本课程旨在向学生介绍有关翻译的基本理论，传授翻译中常见的翻译方法和技巧，重点放在训练和培养学生正确理解原文以及准确、流畅、贴切地进行英译汉的独立翻译的能力上。
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翻译练习参考答案第一节词义的选择I．A．1、他提出进行网球比赛，我接受了挑战；2、我重新考虑自己的结论；3、新近的发现使他们对旧的观念产生怀疑。
4、没有人对那些决议的有效性提出异议。
5、他能拿出证据来否认这一事实吗？6、帝国主义正处于越来越难以应付的局面。
（或面临----挑战）7、她指责他说谎。
8、他提出的问题促使我们去思考。
B．1、穷国；2、缺氧；3、（短期内缓和的）前景不妙/ 堪忧/ 不乐观；4、很糟；5、司法部门不愿意把没有把握打赢的官司拿到法庭上去。
6、对此事比较了解的其他报纸认为，卡特是一个输了会发脾气的人/输不起的人。
7、以鄙人之见，你已铸成大错。
/ 以我拙见……8、这只是不起作用的安慰。
C. 1、有2、放在3、闲置4、积水5、一直用到6、名列7、坚持反对8、作为II．1、你晕不晕船？2、对中央和地方主管的所有部门都要进行严格的财政检查。
3、没有一次战争从一开战就由一方取得如此巨大的胜利。
4、为了让大家看到一些更有趣的例子，同时也为了摆脱（不局限于）我的主观意见，下面举三本小说如何开头为例。
5、--------“老是这样子！/ 又是这样！”（That’s typical 表示不高兴、愤怒）6、--------我渐渐变得心灰意懒起来。
7、---------发射鱼雷。
8、---------发明的机器，研制的产品和建立的应用知识体系。
9、--------迎接------10、天空中没有飞机飞过，既没有那种依靠螺旋桨升降飞行的直升机，也没有那种尾部拖着水晶状白色烟雾的喷气式飞机。
11、那两扇镂花大铁门一关上，她和那令人畏惧的姐姐就再也不能象过去那样来到我们这个小天地了。
12、-------与其说威灵顿赢了，不如说拿破仑输了。
13、爱德华王子街有40个订奶户，这匹马知道每一家住的地方。
14、谋反使他大吃一惊，他不知道有多少人参与谋反，又怕若是反对的话自己有被杀死的危险，因此，他装出样子，使士兵认为他也是参与谋反的。
（逻辑错误：既然他被这突如其来的严重罪行吓坏了，士兵怎会怀疑他参与谋反。
故此处suspect应作“猜想，觉得”为好。
）15、杰斐逊认为，完全应当让人民知道一切事情的真相，不管是对的还是错的，应该让人民去作出正确的判断。
（原译拘泥于词典上的释义，句子各部分也不流畅）（1）褒贬词义的区别I.inspire鼓舞、鼓动、煽动；result 成果、结果、后果；notorious著名、臭名远扬direction指导、引导、指使；key 关键、要害；invasion 进攻、侵略；deed事迹、勾当；deep 深刻、阴险；manoeuvre 花招、策略IIA 1、事情经过；2、故事、假话；3、隐瞒；4、讲故事、说谎；5、说书人、说谎专家、牛皮大王；6、真相（大白）B 1、宣称；2、这事急需我们注意。
3、牛津大学对英国的发展贡献很大。
4、我方订货还要请贵方优先考虑。
5、他唯一值得人们怀念的是他的品格。
6、几个世纪以来，伦敦堪称世界一流城市。
D 1、亲密无间； 2、狼狈为奸；E 1、伦敦是旅游者大量涌入的城市。
2、我们的会议最后确实制定了进攻的详细方案。
F 1、幕后策划人；2、人物G 1、如果你喜欢---- 2、我是无理的，你爱怎么说都行。
H 1、坚持；2、坚持错误；执迷不悟I 1、很幸运，爆炸发生时屋里没有人。
2、真倒霉，野餐那天偏偏下雨。
J 1、他做了明智的选择。
2、他们离开的时候跟近来的时候一样，仍然一窍不通。
（2）根据词类、场合确定词义I．根据词类确定词义1、圆的；旋转；（巡视）一周；绕着；绕道；酝酿2、区分场合确定词义1）我将尽我所能帮助你。
（能力、权力）2）枪杆子里面出政权。
（权力）3）中国虽有少量的核武器，但永远不会参加所谓的核大国俱乐部。
（大国）4）这种新型显像管的分辨率是800线。
5）陶瓷的表面必须用20倍的双筒显微镜来检测。
6）晶体管可用极少的能量很快地由关的状态转到开的状态。
（3）根据习惯搭配选择词义good （肥沃的、新鲜的、善意的、纯的、好看的、合格的、巧妙的、丰盛的、美好的、虔诚的）heavy （大雨、强大的、激烈的、粗的、重载、暴风雨、重型机器、大丰收、艰巨的任务、大火、繁忙的交通、汹涌的大海、重大伤亡、心情沉重、大功率、重型轰炸机、厚厚的云层、大修）1、为了获得强大的水能，需要有高水压和强水流。
2、简单地说，细长的线电阻大，粗短的线电阻小。
3、他又一次与我们分享他渊博（丰富、无穷）的知识，丰富的经验和超人的智慧。
4、这个国家恢复了她本来的面目，从错误吸取了教训同时也借鉴了敌人的经验。
5、她戴着墨镜，穿着厚毛衣，系着白围巾。
6、父母也许进一步强调了（而不是加强）这些道德标准。
是否如此，现在就很难得知了。
7、住在附近的人已经打电话报警，说我们在大声呼救。
（而不是“打电话报告我们的尖叫声”）8、事实上，我那时就是家中的效率专家。
我常常整理父亲的工具和母亲的厨具，甚至连姐姐与男朋友的约会都是由我来安排。
（而不是：“父亲的工具和母亲的厨具及姐姐与男朋友的约会都是由我统一安排。
”）（4）选择词义时注意文体1、再也没有什么比得上为国家献出生命更高尚的了。
为国捐躯至高无上/无上光荣。
2、人生好比流水。
人生似水流（人生如梦；似水流年）3、俗话说时间不等人，这话一点不假。
时不我待是至理名言。
4、这事一点也不奇怪。
此事不足为奇。
5、这事没救了。
无可奈何；无济于事；束手无策；无能为力6、对翻译者来说，没有什么比得上翻译社会科学和自然科学术语更麻烦更难以琢磨的了。
翻译者感到最麻烦、最迷惑不解的莫过于翻译社会科学和自然科学的术语了。
（5）选择词义时注意歧义1、1）我小时候（从童年时代起）就认识他了。
2）我从一个小孩那里知道了他。
2、1）我昨晚在晚会上唱得不如原先想象的好。
（唱得不满意）2）我昨晚原来想在晚会上唱，但是没唱。
（想唱而没唱）3、1）她给人看小孩时的照片。
2）她给人看她的小孩的照片。
3）她给她看小孩的照片。
4）她给她的小孩看照片（画册、婴儿画）。
5）她给人看她（另一个她）的小孩的照片。
4、1）他们问我不知道的东西。
2）他们问我有什么不懂的。
5、1）JOHN 和MARY 结婚了。
2）JOHN 和MARY 都已婚。
6、1）他们把车漆成黑白相间的颜色。
2）他们把车漆成黑色和白色两种颜色。
7、1）BOB今天早上接见客人，PETER下午接见客人。
2）BOB今天早上接见客人，下午接见PETER。
8、1）星期一和星期二各有一次会议。
2）星期一和星期二都有会议。
9、1）有一些简易读物，还有一些给孩子们看的杂志。
2）有一些给孩子们看的简单易懂的书和杂志。
10．1）我们陶醉在晚间清新的空气中。
2）夜晚，我们在凉爽的户外喝酒。
第二节词义的引伸1）这里没有讲究的陈设，也很少物质享受，但这里的人们具有敏锐的头脑、深邃的思想和世界眼光。
2）且不说他发言中逻辑上的混乱，他的争论也是毫无根据的。
3）科学发现常常很快就转变成实用的器具。
4）我们将在赞比亚建立一个没有种族歧视社会，那里所有的人都有平等的机会。
5）合金是介于混合物与化合物之间的一种中间结构。
6）镁及其合金很晚才被工程师作为一种材料来使用。
7）这与我的目的毫无关系。
8）这是他们实验成功的重要原因。
9）这与世界上其他多种族的社会现实形成了鲜明的对照。
10) 战场依然保持着原来的样子，变得有点神圣了。
11) 长城是到北京的游客的必游之地。
13) 掌握集成电路技术之前必须要分三步走（三个阶段）。
14) 在合成技术方面起主要作用的是半导体的合成。
15) 三极管在输出极得到了运用。
16) 交流电不存在这个缺点。
17) 少年所学，受终生用。
18) 文能制武。
19) 我们的爱国之心/情油然而生。
20) 环境培养了他的诗才/诗情。
21) 尘埃对于自然界的变化/循环起了很大的作用。
22) 他们对他施加压力。
23) 随着中澳关系的发展，两国间的贸易持续扩大，相应的在一系列广泛的政治问题上展开了密切的联系。
三、异词同译与同词异译I、fascinate：1）迷住；入迷；2）令人神往的（场面）；3）令人难以忘怀；4）我觉得它非常有趣，还有点儿令人爱不释手；puzzle：1）惘然不解；迷惑不解；2）难住；3）晕头转向；呆头呆脑；change：1）每一个季节的转换，气候的每一变化，乃至一天中每一小时的转变，都会使这些山峦的千姿百态有所改变。
远近的主妇都把这些看作是精确的晴雨表。
2）季节的交替，气候的变化，乃至一天中时辰的不同，都会使这千姿百态的山峦别具一番风采。
3）季节的每一更迭，气候的每一转变，乃至一天中每一小时，都给这些山峦的奇幻色彩和形态带来变化。
II．1）他觉得JOHNSON在向他灌迷魂汤，但那个美国人的行为与这些甜言蜜语完全不同。
2）A、我们希望怀特先生不要忘乎所以，大国代表在联合国为所欲为的日子已经一去不复返了；B、我们希望最受尊敬的秘书长多保重，他糟糕的健康众所周知。
3）A、超级大国的代表们都对无休止的中东战争表示所谓的苦恼，不过他们只是谈谈而已（口是心非）。
B、“我们穆斯林将会战斗到滴尽最后一滴血。
”他们说话是算数的。
4）A、我遗憾地说，主席在通过本决议之前，没有和任何一个代表团磋商。
B、秘书长不止和一个代表团磋商，他们都要求对决议进行逐条表决。
5）A、真理迟早会出现。
B、我担心我们无法及时做出决定四、不要望文生义I、1）爱管闲事的人；2）新鲜牛奶；3）旗帜；国旗；船旗；军旗；衣帽；徽章；绶带；4）纺织品；5）谈水（饮料水）；6）粗俗的谈话；7）人身攻击；8）黑白相间（花）奶牛；9）怀孕；10）压迫那些人民；11）我对他没有好感，or印象不好; 12）长久记住（不会忘记）；13）越小心越好；14）优柔寡断；15）他们惩罚那男孩以儆他人。
sporting house 妓院(不是“体育室”)dead president 美钞(上印有总统头像)(并非“死了的总统”)busboy 餐馆勤杂工(不是“公汽售票员”)heartman 换心人(不是“有心人”)mad doctor 精神病科医生(不是“发疯的医生”)eleventh hour 最后时刻(不是“十一点”)confidence man 骗子(不是“信得过的人”)criminal lawyer 刑事律师(不是“犯罪的律师”)service station 加油站(不是“服务站”)dressing room 化妆室(不是“试衣室”或“更衣室”)horse sense 常识(不是“马的感觉”)capital idea 好主意(不是“资本主义思想”)familiar talk 庸俗的交谈(不是“熟悉的谈话”)black art 妖术(不是“黑色艺术”)black stranger 完全陌生的人(不是“陌生的黑人”)white coal (作动力来源用的)水(不是“白煤”)white man 忠实可靠的人(不是“皮肤白的人”)yellow book 黄皮书(法国政府报告书，以黄纸为封)(不是“黄色书籍”) red tape 官僚习气(不是“红色带子”)blue stocking 女学者、女才子(不是“蓝色长统袜”)China policy 对华政策(不是“中国政策”)Chinese dragon 麒麟(不是“中国龙”)American beauty 一种玫瑰，名为“美国丽人”(不是“美国美女”) English disease 软骨病(不是“英国病”)Indian summer 愉快宁静的晚年(不是“印度的夏日”)Greek gift 害人的礼品(不是“希腊礼物”)Spanish athlete 吹牛的人(不是“西班牙运动员”)French chalk 滑石粉(不是“法国粉笔”)pull one’s leg 开玩笑(不是“拉后腿”)in one’s birthday suit 赤身裸体(不是“穿着生日礼服”)an apple of love 西红柿(不是“爱情之果”)handwriting on the wall 不祥之兆(不是“大字报”)bring down the house 博得全场喝彩(不是“推倒房子”)have a fit 勃然大怒(不是“试穿”)make one’s hair stand on end 令人毛骨悚然—恐惧(不是“令人发指——气愤”)be taken in 受骗，上当(不是“被接纳”)think a great deal of oneself 高看或看重自己(不是“为自己想得很多”)pull up one’s socks 鼓起勇气(不是“提上袜子”)have the heart to do (用于否定句)忍心做……不是“有心做”或“有意做”)What a shame! 多可惜!真遗憾!(不是“多可耻”)You don’t say! 是吗!(不是“你别说”)You can say that again! 说得好!(不是“你可以再说一遍”)I haven’t slept better. 我睡得好极了。