自考商务英语外贸函电知识点总结 自考
外贸英语函电---完整版知识点汇总
外贸英文函电知识点汇总题型： 1英译中十题十分 2中译英十题十分 3翻译句子五题三十分 4翻译一封信三十分 5写一封信二十分注意第四、五道大题的格式Business relationship 业务关系Fair 交易会博览会Chamber of commerce 商会Lines of business 业务范围经营范围Specifications 规格Part\partial shipment 分批装运Endorsement 背书INCOTERMS 要考缩略词先还原完整英语，再翻译成中文EXW Ex Works 工厂交货CIF cost insurance and freight 成本，保险费用和运费FOB free on board 装运港船上交货CFR cost and freight 成本加运费CIP carriage and insurance paid to …运费保险费付至…CPT carriage paid to 运费付至（以上相对更重要）DAF delivered at frontier 边境交货DDP delivered duty paid 完税后交货DDU delivered duty unpaid 未完税后交货DEQ delivered ex quay 目的港码头交货DES delivered ex ship 目的港船上交货FAS free alongside ship 船边交货FCA free carrier 货交承运人（自己补充的）Commercial invoice 商业发票S/C sales contract 销售合同Purchase contract 购货合同To accept an order 接受订单/订货Inquiry 询盘Offer/ to make an offer(quotation) 报盘报价 offer sheet 报盘单counter-offer 还盘还价acceptance of offer 受盘 acceptance 受盘和承兑CIC china insurance clause 中国保险条款F.P.A free from particular average 平安险W.A / W.P.A with particular average 水渍险All risks 所有险insurance policy ； policy of insurance 保险单insurance premium ； insurance expenses 保险费part/partial shipment 分批装运port of destination 目的港port of discharge 卸货港port of shipment 装货港B/L Bill of lading 提单Transhipment B/L =transshipment B/L 转船提单freight；carriage；transportation expenses；运费transportation documents / shipping documents 货运单证（单据）提单的种类：（一）按提单收货人的抬头划分1．记名提单（Straight B/L）2．指示提单（Order B/L）“凭指示”（To order）或“凭某人指示”（Order of……）3．不记名提单（Bearer B/L，or Open B/L，or Blank B/L）（二）按货物是否已装船划分1．已装船提单（Shipped B/L，or On Board B/L）2．收货待运提单（Received for Shipment B/L）（三）按提单上有无批注划分1．清洁提单（Clean B/L）2．不清洁提单（Unclean B/L or Foul B/L）（四）根据运输方式的不同划分1．直达提单（Direct B/L）2．转船提单（Transshipment B/L）3．联运提单（Through B/L）4．多式联运提单（MultimodaL Transport B/L or Intermodal Transport B/L）（五）按提单内容的简繁划分1．全式提单（Long Form B／L）2．简式提单（Short Form B／L，or Simple B／L）（六）按签发提单的时间划分1．倒签提单（Anti-dated B/L）2．预借提单（Advanced B/L）3．顺签提单（post—dated B/L）（七）按收费方式划分1．运费预付提单（Freight Prepaid B/L）2．运费到付提单（Freihgt to Collect B/L）3．最低运费提单（Minimum B/L）L/C letter of credit 信用证1、跟单信用证和光票信用证(Documentary/Clean Credit)。
《外贸函电》复习重点(节选)
《外贸函电》复习重点（节选）《外贸函电》课程是全国高等教育自学考试国际贸易专业专科段必考课程和英语专业的选修课程，是一门融国际贸易业务与英语为一体的实用英语课。
我国已经加入了世界贸易组织，随国际商业往来的日益频繁，对本课程的学习需求与日俱增。
在国际贸易中，买卖双方通过洽商，就各项交易条件取得一致协议后，交易即告达成，买卖双方当事人即存在合同关系。
国际买卖合同的商订是整个交易过程中最重要的一个环节，虽然可以通过口头的方式进行，但实践中，主要是通过函电的方式进行。
1999年出台的《新合同法》第10条和第11条规定：当事人订立合同，有书面形式、口头形式和其他形式。
书面形式是指合同书、信件以及数据电文（包括电报、传真、电子数据交换和电子邮件）等可以有形地表现所载内容的形式。
“函”是“封套”的意思，即是指信件，而“电”即是包括电报、传真、电子数据交换和电子邮件等在内的数据电文的统称。
所以说，函电不仅是洽商国际买卖合同的手段，而且是签订国际买卖合同的主要形式之一。
虽然从狭义的角度讲，《外贸函电》课程属于英语课的范畴，但却有其明显的不同于一般的英语课程的特殊性。
外贸英语函电作为开展对外经济贸易业务和有关活动的重要工具，其课程的开设目的主要是为了让学生能系统地学习、掌握外贸英语函电，主要是书信体的行文结构、专业词汇及语言文体等特点，提高在日常对外经贸工作中正确地使用英语语言和进行对外各项业务联系和通讯活动的能力，以适应对外经济贸易发展的需要。
为了达成这一目的，教材内容按照国际贸易实务程序，涵盖建立业务关系、询价、报盘、外贸政策、还盘、谢绝还盘、确认订货、谢绝订货、实盘、虚盘、续订、形式发票、转交业务关系、支付方式、修改信用证、催开信用证、装运须知、信用证延期、装船、敦促立即装运、请求修改信用证、保险、装运、短重索赔、了结索赔、次品投诉、换货等实务流程，以书信为主体，每课均包括书信范本、生词与表达式、课文注释和课后练习等，旨在使学员了解对外贸易业务各个环节，同时学习和掌握英语在各个业务环节中的应用。
自考外贸函电重点
1.对出口商而言，认购即付是一种非常有利的支付方式。
cash with order表示“认购即付，现款订货”。
2.We don’t think we can put the business through___(in addition)__you revise your terms and conditions.我方认为我们不能达成交易，除非贵方修改条款。
unless引导状语从句，表示“除非•”3.At one’s expense/cost 由某方付费4.For your account5.In view of our great performance last year,business at our two countries wildevelop further.6.In good condition ...处于良好状态7.Please let us kown of the tendency of your market.8.All prices must be quoted in US dollars9.Take priority in 在。
中占优先位置enjoy priority in 在。
方面享有优先权give priority to 给。
以优先权10.On the part of在。
方面11.Adapt from sth根据。
改编或改写12.In accorance with与…一致，依照; 禀承; 秉承; 因;in compliance with 与。
一致13.(1) 表示对某人感到失望，通常用介词 with, in。
如：I’m disappointed in you! How could you have liedlike that? 你让我失望了，你怎么能像那样说谎呢?14.(2) 表示对某一行为(doing sth)感到失望，通常用介词 at,about等。
如：We are all disappointed at [about] his failure. 我们都为他的失败而感到失望。
外贸函电重点归纳
外贸函电自学考试重要知识点归纳一：重要短语1、有意购买be in the market for2、设法去做某事see one’s way(clear)to do sth3、务必see to it that4、能够做某事be in a position to do sth5、告知某人某事inform/advise sb of sthinform/advise sb that随时告知keep sb inform ed/advised/posted of sth6、收到be in receipt of一收到，就upon receipt of7、因为（后加短语）due toBecause ofOwing to（后加句子）as since because8、向---保证（后加短语）assure sb of（后加句子）assure sb that请---放心please rest(be) assured9、在你方市场In your market in your areaAt your end on your side9、到达你处reach you11、一式两份in duplicate一式三份in triplicate一式四份in four copies12、按照你方要求（多种表示）at your requestAs request edComply with your request13 尽早（多种表示）At an early dateat your earliest conveniencewithout delayWithout failwith the least possible delayAs soon as possible14、有存货没有存货可供现货Have sth in stockSth be available from stockShip/send/supply sth from stock15 参考、参阅、谈及、向—查询refer to16、付款条件payment terms/terms of payment17、在—基础上on –basis18、因—感谢某人Be grateful to sb for sthBe obliged to sb15.在此方面in this respect16.与—联系Contact sbmake contact with sbGet in touch with sbbe in contact with sb21．与—有很好关系be on good terms with sbBe well connected with sb 22、随函附寄Enclose is /are---We are enclosing sthEnclosed please find-23、至于、关于in regard toin regard ofwith regard toRegardingas regard sas toAs forWith reference toReferring to24相关信用证covering L/CRelative L/C25 名词+for 结构中的名称有哪些？Inquiry/enquiryOfferBidQuotationCounter-offer +for 商品In the marketOrder26、以attention 构成的短语有哪些？提醒某人注意Call/draw/invite one’s attention to sthCall/draw/invite one’s attention to the factthat--得到某人的办理sth/get receive one’s---attention某人办理某事sb give ---attention to sth转交某人处理pass on sth to sb for atttention 27. 达成交易（多种表达）conclude the business/transactionclose a dealput though a dealcome to terms28 建立业务关系Establish/enter into business relations with sb29 经营—商品（多种表达）Sth fall/come/lie within the scope of business activitiessb handlespecialize inbe specialized indeal intrade inbe in----line30、和—相符in line withIn compliance withIn conformity withIn agreement withConform toComply withAgree with和---不相符out of line with31、鉴于我们长久的业务关系in view of our long standing business relations32、价格偏高on the high sideOut of line with the market level33 按惯常条款on usual terms34 标题货物captioned goodssubject goods35 由---运来ex 由---运出per 由---承运by36 以便我们能够so that we can do sthSo as to enable us to do sth-----thus enabling us to do sth37、装上船sth be loaded on board S.S””38、费用由某人承担For one’s accountAt one’s cost/expense/chargeSb bear ------be borne by sth39、某人承担不好后果Be (held)responsible forBe liable for sth40、某人负责---工作Be in charge of41 ---备妥待运be ready for shipment---包装好，准备装运be packed ready for shipment42 寄售on consignment43 继---之后further to44 现答复in reply to45 分两批装运by ---statementIn ---lotsIn ---installments46 提货take delivery of47 交货make/effect delivery of =deliver sth48 装运make/effect shipment=ship sth49 由买方选择at one’s option50让某人熟悉acquaint sb with51 对信用证的修改amendment to the L/C52、与---订舱book shipping space with sb onS.S””53、次品defective goods54、装船通知shipping advice55 装船指令shipping instruction56 转船transshipment 分批装运partial shipment57 动词后加ing的动词有哪些？Confirm having doneSubject toAppreciateRegretresume58 付款交单D/P documents against payment承兑交单D/A documents against acceptance 59 保兑的、不可撤销的信用证confirm irrevocable L/C60 即期信用证L/C(available/payable by draft)atsightSight L/C61 60天的远期信用证L/C at 60 days sight62 运费到付freight collectfreight to be paidfreight unpaid运费预付freight prepaid64完好in good condition65在运输途中in transitDuring transit66就-----达成协议Reach/enter into agreement on sth 67承兑汇票honor the draft68质量良好of high quality69延迟交货delay in shipment70急需be in urgent need of71供某人参考for one’s reference/consideration72Agree 的用法Agree with sbAgree to sth73Be acceptable to sbBe of interest to sbBe agreeable to sb74under 的用法4000 dozen Shirts under our S/C NO.123under separate cover =by separate mailUnder Article 12Under instruction from our Head Officeunder advice to us75damage to the goods76开汇票draw a draft on sb .for---（向某人索取若干金额的汇票）二：重要句型1、开立信用证Open/establish/issue an L/Cwith/through/by+银行covering+商品for/for the amount of/amounting to/to the extent of+金额in+币种in one’s favor2、保险cover/effect insurance on+所保的货物against+险别for+保额at+保险费或保险费率with +保险公司3、投诉complain to/against sb of/about sth4、索赔lodge/file/register/raise a claim against/with sb on-某物-for—原因-for—金额5、包装用语Men’s shirts are packed in wooden casesof 10 dozen each.Nylon Socks are packed in wooden cases, each containing 50 dozen.Folding chairs are packed 2 pieces to a carton.Each pair of Nylon Socks is packed in a polybag and 12 pairs to a box.6、Should +主+动词原形7、向某人订购某商品Place an order with sb for sth 向---订舱book shipping space with sb onS.S ““8、如果---，我们将非常感激we should/shall appreciate it if you will/would do sthAppreciate (one’s)doing sth9、有效期规定的句型Be forKeep valid/good/open/firmremain until10、修改信用证为允许分批装运和转船please amend the covering credit to allow partial shipment and transshipment三：必须记住的句子1、As this item falls within the scope of ourbusiness activities, we shall be pleased to enter into direct business relation s with you.2、We shall appreciate it very much if youcan quote us your lowest price CIF Lagos for 1000 pieces Bicycles for October shipment.3、We take pleasure in making you a specialofferSubject to our final confirmation, as followsSubject to your reply reaching herebefore March 284payment is to be made by confirmed, irrevocable L/C payable by draft at sight to be opened 30 days before the time of shipment5please offer us 50 long tons of the captioned goods at stg.236 per long ton CFR Shanghai, usual terms.6We are arranging to ship it by S.S “East Wind”sailing from Shanghai to London on or about 10th May7Should this be so, please amend the covering credit to allow partial shipment and transshipment ,under advice to us8Your close cooperation in this respect will be highly appreciated9We have just received the survey report from the Shanghai Commodity Inspection Bureau evidencing the short weight of 1540 ibs10The users are in urgent need of the machines contracted and are in fact pressing us for assurance of an early delivery11We trust the above shipment will reach you in sound condition and expect to receive your further orders before long12In order to avoid subsequent amendments, please see to it that the L/C stipulations are in exact accordance with the terms of the contract13We hope this matter will not affect our good relations in our future dealings14We very much regret that we are not in a position to supply you enamelware direct, as we are already represented by ---for the sales of this commodity in your district15On perusal ,we find that transshipment and partial shipment are not allowed, please amend the L/C to read”“16We trust you will extend the shipment date of your L/C to May 15 and validity to May 30, thus enabling us to effect shipment of the goods in question17We wish to draw your attention to the fact that the date of delivery is approaching ,butwe still have not received your covering letter of credit18We are in receipt of your letter of March 8, contents of which have been noted19In reply, we very much regret to say that our end-users have found your price too high and out of line with the prevailing market level20We note from your letter of May 30 that the price offered by us for the subject article is found to be on the high side21We are arranging to send you 156 pens to replace the unsold balance 150. please return them to us by the first available steamer, carriage forward22Much to our regret, we cannot at present entertain any fresh orders for Tiantan Brand Men’s shirts, owing to heavy commitments 23The L/C expires on 20th August24We feel it our duty to remind you of this matter25We would like to emphasize that any delay inshipping our order will undoubtedly involve us in no small difficulty26Generally we cover insurance WPA and War Risk in the absence of definite instructions from our clients27It is our sincere hope that we can enlarge the business in these lines to our mutual benefit.。
自考外贸函电写作
自考外贸函电写作外贸函电写作一．课文重难点：Part one: business relations1. Fall within the scope of our business activities: 符合我们的业务范围2. Enter into / establish business relations 建立业务关系3. Make sb. quotations for sth. 向某人报价= quote sb. (a …price) for sth.4. Make sb. an offer for sth. 向某人报盘5. Regret + that （从句）遗憾。
Regret to do sth.Regret being unable to do sth. 遗憾不能做。
Regret one’s inability to do sth.6. Be in a position to do sth. 能够做某事= be able to do sth.= see one’s way to do sth. ：7. Advise sb. + that （从句）= inform sb.+ that （从句）通知某人。
advise/ inform/ notify sb. of sth. 通知某人某事= advise of sth.Please be advised/ informed 请注意8. Get in touch with 联系某人= contact sb.=.make contact with sb.= approach sbPart two: Enquiry and Offer1. Note from…that…从。
得知2. by airmail 航空邮寄under separate cover = by separate mail 另封附上3. regarding 关于= with regard to = as regards= referring to4. competitive price 有竞争力的价格acceptable price 可以接受的价格average/ moderate price 中等价格prevailing price 现行价格reasonable price 合理价格realistic price 实际价格5.as requested = at your request 按照你放要求6.be subject to 以。
外贸英语函电考试知识点
外贸英语函电考试知识点一、建立业务关系1、建立业务关系的方式：通过银行、通过政府机关、通过专业展会、通过互联网等。
2、建立业务关系时要注意以下几点：(1)要注意给对方提供自我介绍时一定要详细、全面，要实事求是，不要夸大其词，否则会失去信任。
(2)由于世界上同名同姓的人很多，自我介绍完后，最好加以注明。
(3)对一些特殊的人或公司介绍时，最好加以说明。
(4)介绍信要写得清晰、明了。
3、自我介绍包括以下内容：公司名称、公司性质、公司规模、职工人数、主要产品及产品性能、主要生产设备等。
二、询盘1、询盘又称询价，指交易的一方准备购买或出售某种商品，向对方询问买卖该商品的有关交易条件。
2、询盘的内容可涉及：索取样品、产品目录、报价单等。
3、询盘的方法包括：、传真、函电和互联网等。
4、询盘的特点是：只是询问，不是交易。
5、询盘的分类：根据询盘是否涉及特定的交易条件，把询盘分为具体询盘和概括询盘两种。
6、具体询盘：询问具体的商品交易条件。
它又分为：询问商品的价格；询问购/售商品的数量；询问商品的规格、型号；询问包装方式和运输方式；询问交货期限和支付方式等。
7、概括询盘：不涉及具体的交易条件，只是询问商品的花色、品种、品牌等。
8、询盘的语气要客气、礼貌，不要有自卑感。
9、收到询盘后要尽快答复，以免耽误对方的工作。
如果不能及时回复对方的询盘，应告诉对方原因及何时能够回复。
10、回复对方的询盘时，首先应向对方表示感谢；其次要针对对方的询盘予以明确地回复。
如果无法满足对方的要求时，应向对方说明原因。
如果对方要求寄样品时，应尽快寄出，并告诉对方邮单号码，以便查收。
如果不能寄样品时，应向对方说明原因并询问是否可以提供同类商品的信息或介绍其他客户。
如果对方要求提供某种文件或资料时，应尽快提供，并告诉对方资料的内容和提供的方法和途径。
如果不能提供时，应向对方说明原因并询问是否可以提供其他资料或介绍其他客户。
如果对方要求报价时，应尽快报价，并说明价格中包含哪些费用及支付方式等细节。
自考外贸函电100组重点必考词汇
1、Insurance后接所投保的货物用0n；接投保的险别用against；接保险费或者保险费率用at；接保险公司或者机构用with；2、WIth particular Average水渍险3、espedite加快,促进,发出4、Sth.need doing/sth.need to be done需要做某事5、On the market可买到的，在出售的In the market for sth.有意购买某物6、Lie down躺下Lay down阐述，声明，规定7、Help sb.do sth./help sb.To do sth帮助某人干某事8、Few and far between稀少Rare罕见的，珍贵的9、Amend sth.to read...将...修改为...10、Do one’s utmost to do sth.尽某人的最大努力去做某事11、See one’s way to doing sth有能力并愿意做某事12、Entitle sb.to sth.给予某人获得某事物或做某事的权利，使某人有资格获得某事物或做某事13、Available by draft at sight凭即期汇票支付14、Put off推迟，使延期Put down镇压，写下Put in安装Put sth.Thtough顺利完成某事15、Turn down拒绝16、There is/have difficulty in doing sth.在做某事方面有困难17、Capacity生产量，生产能力At full capacity以全部力量，满负载18、Approach sb.to do sth.让某人做某事19、Unless otherwise stated除非另有声明或约定20、See one’s way to doing sth.有能力并愿意做某事21、On presentation of sth.出示......，拿出.....22、Stand the competition经得起竞争23、Be confident that+从句，表确信24、Happen to碰巧...25、Be able to do sth.能够做某事Be capable of+动词的ing形式26、In due course=duly在适当的时候，及时地27、Expire期满，到期adhere to遵守，信守，坚持28、Pay付款，支付guarantee保证，担保29、Provide提供，供应Provide sth.for sb.Provide sb.With sth.30、Allow给予（钱或时间）Allow sb.Sth.给予某人某物Allow sb.a discount给某人....折扣31、Inform sb.Of sth.告知某人某事32、Commission佣金consignment发送的货物Committee委员会signature签名，签字33、At one’s request/at the request of sb.应某人的请求34、Approach sb.to do sth.让某人做某事35、It+be+被强调的部分+that+原句剩余的部分36、Place an order with sb.向某人下订单37、On presentation of sth.表示出示...，拿出...38、Lower by降低39、Transit运输transmit传输，传播40、Pass on将某物转嫁给某人Transfer sth.to sb.将某物（特别是责任、权力等）转让给某人41、Capacity生产量，生产能力All full capacity以全部力量，满负载42、There is/have difficulty in doing在做某事方面有困难43、Accuse sb.Of doing sth.指责某人干了某事44、Claim for索赔的原因或索赔的金额Claim on对某批货物索赔Claim against向某人索赔45、Faifure to do sth.忽略，不履行，没做到46、Attribute to...归因于47、Prevent sb.（from）doing sth.阻止某人干某事48、Sth.Need doing/sth.need to be done需要做某事49、On the market可买到的，在出售的In the market for sth.有意购买某物50、As last最后51、Help sb.do sth./help sb.to do sth.帮助某人干某事52、Postpone使延期，推迟detain耽搁，延误Block障碍delay延误，推迟53、Press sb.for sth.催促某人做某事54、Be short of supply供应短缺55、Be aware of sth./be aware that+句子意识到56、Went without没有，放弃，缺少57、Succeed in doing sth.在...方面取得成功58、Under the circumstance在这种情况（情形）下59、Have no ways/choice but to do sth.别无选择，只有.....60、Increase提高，增加，一般指数量Enlarge使某物扩大，放大Expand扩大（尺码、数量、体积、程度等）Extend某物的延长或时间的延展61、In terms of就....而论，在.....方面62、Find sth./sb.+adj.发现或感觉某事物/某人......63、Because of由于，因为In spite of尽管，虽然Replace sth.取代某物Instead of代替，而不是...64、Fall into sth.某事物可分为.......；养成（习惯）Fall under列入某项下Fall in倒塌Fall to doing sth.开始做某事65、So as to do sth.为了做某事66、Acquaint sb.With sth.使某人熟悉某事物67、For export为了出口68、The service after selling售后服务69、In compliance with依从.....按照.....70、In confident that+从句确信....71、Confidential机密的72、Handle/deal with/trade in/be in the line of经营（某种或某类商品）73、Assure sb.Of sth.向某人保证某事74、Agree with sth.与某事物相符合，相一致Agree to sth.赞成或答应某事75、In due course=duly在适当的时候，及时地76、Subject to...以....为准，以.....为条件77、Hear from sb.收到某人的信78、Within this period在这段时期以内79、Credit standing资信状况80、Stand the competition经得起竞争81、Happen to...碰巧....82、Enjoy priority in...在....方面享有优先权Take priority in...在....中占优先地位Give priority to....给....以优先权，优先考虑83、Be agreeable to sth.与....相符的84、At one's request应....的要求On request一经要求就....85、Be valid（open/good/firm）for+时间段有效期为.....86、Expire期满，到期87、Offer for某货的报盘88、On schedule按时，如期89、At seller’s option由买方选择90、In the market for sth.想要购买某物91、In need of sth.需要...92、Ahead of schedule提前Behind scheedule迟于预定时间On schedule按期，如期93、Break down失灵，失控；停止运转；抛锚94、Faifure to do sth.忽略，不履行，没做到95、In one’s opinion/in the opinion of sb.在某人看来......96、Accuse sb.Of doing sth.指责某人干了某事97、Damage to sth.......的损失、损害、损毁98、As regards关于，至于，提到99、In superior to sb./sth.优于某人某物100、In transit在运输途中。
自考《外贸函电》第五课至第九课复习重点
询价和报盘： 1.description of an article/name of commodity 意思是商品名称。
在商业书信中，我们常常可以看到许多表⽰商品或货物的词汇，如：commodity， goods， article，merchandise， cargo， material， item， product， supply， order 等。
下⾯简单介绍⼀下这些词汇的⽤法： commodity是⽐较正式的⽤语，通常指较⼤范围的商品，尤其指⼀个国家的主要商品。
Commodity是可数名词。
goods不是指⼀件商品，⽽是统指货物。
Goods永远是复数形式，不能与数词连⽤。
Merchandise 也是泛指商品，不特指某⼀商品，但没有复数形式，前⾯也不可加不定冠词。
article 作商品解时，常常指⼀种商品，⽽不是指⼀类商品，同⼀种商品⽽有不同规格，商品编货号，常⽤此词，如在课⽂中。
Cargo = goods carried in a ship.即船上所载的货物。
如：The steamer sailed with full cargo.该轮满载起航。
注意这⾥不能⽤goods 代替cargo.说与装运有关的货物时也可以⽤cargo，但不如goods普通。
如：We expect to ship the goods （可⽤cargo） in a few days. 如果不是在船上的货物，⼜跟装运没有关系的货物，不能⽤cargo，如：As soon as the goods （不能⽤cargo） are available， we will call you. material ⼀般指作原料⽤的商品。
item 名词item本义是“项⽬”，但在商业函件中常⽤来代表前⾯提到的货物，如：We note your are interested in walnut meat but regret to advise that this item is not available at present. 尤其在介绍⽬录中的商品项⽬时常⽤此词，如：You can buy these items through the catalogue. 你能从⽬录中买到这些项⽬。
外贸函电词汇总结
外贸函电词汇总结一、贸易术语相关。
1. FOB（Free on Board）- 读音：[ˌef oʊˈbiː]- 词性：缩写（名词性短语）- 含义：船上交货（指定装运港），卖方负责将货物装上船之前的一切费用和风险，货物越过船舷后，风险和费用由买方承担。
2. CIF（Cost, Insurance and Freight）- 读音：[ˌsiː aɪˈef]- 词性：缩写（名词性短语）- 含义：成本、保险费加运费（指定目的港）。
卖方负责租船订舱、支付运费和保险费，将货物运至目的港。
3. CFR（Cost and Freight）- 读音：[ˌsiːˌeɪˈɑːr]- 词性：缩写（名词性短语）- 含义：成本加运费（指定目的港）。
卖方负责租船订舱并支付运费，货物在装运港越过船舷时，风险由卖方转移至买方。
二、询价与报价相关。
1. inquiry（enquiry）- 读音：[ɪnˈkwaɪəri]- 词性：名词。
- 含义：询价，询问。
例如：We have received your inquiry for our products.（我们已经收到你们对我们产品的询价。
）2. quote.- 读音：[kwəʊt]- 词性：动词。
- 含义：报价。
例如：Please quote us your best price.（请给我们报你们最优惠的价格。
）- 名词形式为“quotation”，读音：[kwəʊˈteɪʃn]，例如：We are waiting for your quotation.（我们正在等待你们的报价。
）3. offer.- 读音：[ˈɒfə(r)]- 词性：动词/名词。
- 含义：作为动词时，表示提供、出价、发盘；作为名词时，表示报盘、出价。
例如：We offer you our new products.（我们向你们提供我们的新产品。
）；This is our best offer.（这是我们最好的报盘。
自考外贸函电实用词组
自考外贸函电实用词组English business correspondence(Exercises Paper note)Chapter 1:(Part One)1. a wide range of 表示：“大范围的，各类的”（固定用法）（The brochure covers a wide range of products we deal in.）2.place order with sb. 表示“向某人下订单”（Please advise at what price your clients will place orders with us.）3.be superior to sb./sth. 表示“…优于某人/在某事上处于优先”（I am sure that the quality of our products is superior to that of others’）4.*We look forward to receiving your prompt reply and meeting you soon.（receiving 与 meeting并列)5.happen to do sth. 表示“碰巧做”（*Your quotation happens to be exactly the same as we have received from France.）6.*Thank you for your enquiry of March 20th, we also confirm havingreceived your sample.7.As regards 表示“至于，关于”（As regards walnutmeat ,we would inform you that the few parcels we have at present are under offer.）8.sb. be interested in sth.sth. be interesting to sb. [两者均表示某人对某物感兴趣，但表示与搭配方式不同，应紧记。
外贸英语函电知识整理
千里之行，始于足下。
外贸英语函电知识整理外贸英语函电知识整理一、外贸英语函电概述外贸英语函电是指在国际贸易活动中，通过书信或者电子邮件等形式进行的交流和沟通。
函电的主要目的是传达信息、解决问题以及建立和维护商业关系。
二、函电的格式1. 头部：包括发件人的名称、地址、联系方式以及收件人的名称、地址、联系方式等。
2. 日期：标明函电的编写日期。
3. 称呼：以尊称的方式称呼收件人。
4. 正文：函电的主要内容。
5. 结尾：以诚挚的措辞进行问候，如“Yours sincerely”或“Best regards”等。
6. 签名：发件人签名并标明职位或职称。
三、函电的写作技巧1. 使用简练、清晰的语言，避免使用复杂的词汇和长句。
2. 注意函电的格式和排版，保持整洁、易读。
3. 重点突出，用粗体或斜体强调关键信息。
4. 结构清晰，按照逻辑顺序编写函电的正文。
5. 注意文化差异，根据收件人的国家和文化背景进行调整，避免产生误解或冒犯对方。
6. 根据不同的目的和内容，选择适当的函电形式，如询盘函、报价函、订单函、议价函等。
第1页/共3页锲而不舍，金石可镂。
四、常用的函电用语1. 引言部分：- We are pleased to have your inquiry of…- Thank you for your letter of…- With reference to your fax of…- We have your name and address from…- We have your name given to us by our Chamber of Commerce.- It was a great pleasure to know your name and address from…2. 询盘部分：- We wish to know whether you can supply…- Please quote us your best price CIF (destination) for…- We would like to inquire about…- Could you let us have the details about…- We would like to know the terms of payment.3. 报价部分：- We are in a position to supply you…- We are pleased to offer you…- We can meet your requirements at the following prices…- The prices are subject to our final confirmation.- The quotation is open till…- We hope our price is workable for you.4. 订购部分：- We hereby place an order with you for…- We assure you that your order will have our best and prompt attention.- The terms of payment are…千里之行，始于足下。
外贸英语函电---完整版知识点汇总
外贸英语函电---完整版知识点汇总外贸英语函电是指国际贸易活动中使用的一种书信形式，用于与国外客户或供应商进行沟通和交流。
函电的内容通常包括询价、报价、订单、合同、付款、验货等方面的内容。
外贸英语函电的写作需要一定的专业知识和技巧，下面是关于外贸英语函电的一些常用知识点汇总。
一、函电的格式1. 抬头：写信者和收信者的名称、地址、联系方式等信息。
2. 称呼：写信者对收信者的称呼，如Dear Sir/Madam或者具体的人名。
3. 引言：对收信者的问候和相关背景介绍。
4. 主体：函电的具体内容，如询价、报价、订单等。
5. 结尾：对收信者的感谢和期待进一步合作的表达。
6. 署名：写信者的名字和职位。
二、常用语句和表达方式1. 询价：Could you please quote your lowest price for the following products?/We are interested in your products and would like to ask for a quotation./Please send us your price list.第1页/共4页2. 报价：We are pleased to quote you as follows:/We can offer you the most competitive prices./The prices we quoted are based onFOB/CIF terms.3. 接受订单：We are glad to accept your order for the following products./We confirm the order and will arrange production immediately./We are willing to proceed with the order as per your requirements.4. 拒绝订单：We regret to inform you that we are unable to accept your order at the moment./We are sorry to inform you that the goods you required are out of stock./We are unable to meet your delivery deadline.5. 付款：We will arrange for payment via bank transfer./We will remit the payment upon receiving the goods./Please advise us your preferred payment terms.6. 发货和验货：We will ship the goods by sea/air/express as per your request./The goods will be delivered to your designated address within 7 days./Upon arrival of the goods, please inspect and confirm their quality and quantity.7. 建立合作关系：We are looking forward to establishing a long-term business relationship with you./We hope to have the opportunity to cooperate with your esteemed company./We believe our cooperation will be mutually beneficial.三、常见问题和解决方法1. 产品质量问题：If there is any quality problem with the goods, please provide us with evidence and we will handle it properly./We will make compensation for the defective products and take measures to prevent such issues in the future.2. 交货延迟：We apologize for the delay and assure you that we are taking immediate actions to expedite the delivery./Due to unforeseen circumstances, the goods will be delayed for a few days. We appreciate your understanding and patience.3. 价格谈判：We understand your concern about the price and are willing to offer you a discount based on the quantity ordered./We are open to negotiation and will try our best to meet your target price.4. 付款问题：If you have any difficulties in making the payment, please let us know and we can discuss alternative paymentmethods./Please make the payment as soon as possible to avoid any inconvenience.四、核心技巧和注意事项1. 使用简洁明了的语言，避免使用过于复杂的词汇和句子。
外贸函电知识点总结
外贸函电知识点总结一、外贸函电的概念和作用外贸函电是指在国际贸易中，用于书面沟通的一种重要形式，主要包括信函、传真、电子邮件等。
它是国际贸易中的一种重要沟通工具，通过外贸函电可以实现买卖双方之间的信息传递、商务谈判、合同签订等业务活动。
外贸函电的作用主要包括以下几个方面：1. 完善交流：外贸函电可以实现买卖双方之间的信息传递和商务谈判，完善双方之间的交流和沟通。
2. 确认事实：外贸函电可以作为书面证据，记录交易过程中的重要事实和内容，为后续的合同签订和履行提供依据。
3. 促进合作：外贸函电可以促进买卖双方之间的合作，帮助双方解决问题，加强业务合作关系。
4. 提高效率：外贸函电可以帮助双方及时了解对方的意图和要求，从而提高交易的效率。
5. 保证权益：外贸函电可以保障买卖双方的合法权益，减少交易风险。
二、外贸函电的基本结构外贸函电的基本结构通常包括信头（Letterhead）、日期（Date）、称呼（Salutation）、正文（Body）、落款（Complimentary close）、签名（Signature）等部分。
下面对几个部分进行详细介绍：1. 信头（Letterhead）：信头是信函上显示发信人名称和地址的部分。
信头一般包括公司名称、地址、电话、传真、电子邮箱等联系方式。
2. 日期（Date）：日期是信函书写的时间，一般写在信头下方，格式为月份、日期、年份，如：July 15, 2022。
3. 称呼（Salutation）：称呼是指信函开头的称呼语，一般根据收信人的身份和性别决定使用何种称呼语。
如：Dear Mr. Smith(男士)、Dear Mrs. Smith(夫人)、DearSir/Madam(男士/女士)等。
4. 正文（Body）：正文是信函的主要内容，一般包括引言、主题、结论三部分，内容要清晰、简洁、明了。
5. 落款（Complimentary close）：落款是信函结尾的礼貌用语，一般包括祝愿语和称呼语。
自考外贸函电考试重点,DOC
一、外贸函电的写作要领：completeness（完整）、concreteness（具体）、clarity（清楚）、conciseness（简洁）、courtesy（礼貌）、consideration（体谅）以及correctness（正确）。
二、信息可以分为四大类：肯定信息（positivemessage）、中性信息（neutralmessage）、否定信息（negativemessage，也称负面信息）和说服信息（三、布迂回法（四、1.2.3.4.5.6.7.五、打信格式1.缩行式：封内地址和其需要分行的地址的后一行，都比前一行缩进两格或三格；信的正文，每一段的开始一行都缩进若干格（一般与称呼末一字母取齐）。
2.平头式：需要分段的地方，及每段的开始一行都与前一行取齐，一律不缩行。
平头式各段之间要用doublespace以示分段。
3.混合式：封内地址和称呼采用平头式（从左边的空白边缘打起），其他部分采用缩行式，两种格式的混合采用所以称之为混合式。
八、撰写询函的理由通常包括：（1）获取信息（如价格和技术数据）（2）获得印刷品（如商品目录本、说明书、公司介绍等）（3（4OfferWearenow___c____yourinquiryofOctober12th。
a.onreceiptofb.uponreceiptofc.inreceiptofd.inreceptionof Iwanttoacquaintmyself____b__thesupplypositionofsteelproducts.a.ofb.withc.ford.aboutOurnewlow-costsolutionsmaybe____d_____particularinteresttoyou.a.inb.withc.ford.of___c___wewouldliketoclosethebusinesswithyou,wefindyourbidunacceptable.a.Muchb.Howevermuchc.Muchasd.Despite___a___yourcounteroffer,weregretthatwecan’tacceptit.a.Asregardsb.Inregardstoc.Withregardsd.Inregardsately.a.Incasea.followsa.ofa.resultb.resulttoc.resultind.resultfromCIFisapriceterm,meaningthepriceincludesthecostofgoods,theinsuranceand__ b____forcarryingthegoodsuptothedestination.a.paymentb.freight c,premiumd.forwarding Asyouareourregularcustomer,wethinkwemayconcede_____c___priceprovidedyoufiveusanorderforaminimumof100units.a.withb.atc.ind.to Weneedanagentinthatcountrytohelpusto___a___ourproducts.a.marketb.displayc.disposed.buy___d____wewouldliketoco-operatewithyou,wedonotthinkthereisroomforaredu.r?a.withb.onc.ind.toThebuyersuggestedthatmanyimportantorders______b______follow.a.mayb.willc.shouldd.wouldbe Asourfactoryisnowfullyoccupiedwithorders,weregrethavingto___b___yours. a.refuseb.declinec.rejectd.returnSuchagrowingdemandcanonlyresult____a_____increasedprice.a.inb.fromc.tod.forThecarIboughtlastweek____a_____me$3000.00.a.costb.spendc.costedd.spent Wealsowishtoadviseyouthatthepriceswequotedareour___c____prices.a.detail.rofhigh-techmagazinesisseekingnewsourceofincomefromcar,televison,andot hercompanies.a.forb.toc.withd.atCouldyouallowme________30daystoclearmyaccount?a.anotherb.afurtherc.additionald.anextraDuringtheyear,youhavepaidyourbillwell____c___advanceofthe15th everymont h.a.atb.byc.ind.toHowever,thepaymentterms_____b____yousuggestedisunacceptabletous. a.like b.as c.whiled.asofa.ofb.in要贵Yourquotedpriceisoutoflinewiththeprevailinglevel.Thatiswhywefeelconfidentth atoursuggestionofthreepercentoffyourpresentoneisworkable.你方报价与市价有差异，所以我们相信建议减价3%是可行的。
外贸英语函电知识整理
外贸英语函电复习考试题型：①汉译英30’/10②单选：20’/20③（用单词正确形式）填空：20’/10④short answer：20’/5⑤letter：10’Short answers:Unit1 Introduction to Business Letters(商务信函概论)1.Functions of Business Letters :①to inform, which refers to conveying the vast amount of information needed today-to-day operations of the business;②to influence, which means that messages included in a business letter should alsoinfluence the reader’s attitudes and functions.2. Writing principles of business letter(7C原则)：①Courtesy礼貌②Consideration体谅③Completeness完整④Clarity清楚⑤Conciseness简洁⑥Concreteness具体⑦Correctness正确Unit3 Inquiries（询盘）3.Generally speaking, inquiries fall into two categories: a General Inquiry and a SpecificInquiry.In a General Inquiry (一般询价), the importer may ask only for catalogues, price lists, samples, sample books, or quotations, etc., in order to get a general idea of the business scope of the exporter.In a Specific Inquiry(具体询价), the importer points out what products he needs and asks for a quotation or an offer for this item.Unit4 Offers ＆Quotations（报盘和报价）4.In the international business, offers can be divided into two kinds:（注意实盘和虚盘的区别）A firm offer (实盘)—A firm offer is a definite promise to sell goods at the stated prices,usually within a stated period of time.A non-firm offer (虚盘)—Unlike a firm offer, a non-firm offer is not binding upon thesellers. In other words, a non-firm offer can be withdrawn or changed by the sellers.Definition of firm offers:Firm offers are made when the sellers promise to sell goods at a stated price and within a stated period of time.Definition of non-firm offers:Non-firm offers are offers with reservation clause.Unit7 Counter-offers(还盘)5.Definition of a counter-offer: A counter-offer is virtually a partial rejection of theoriginal offer. It also means a counter proposal put forward by the buyer.Unit8 Placing & Confirming an Order(订单及确认订单)6.An order should at least contain the following points:1. description of the goods, such as specification, size, quantity , quality andarticle number (if any);2. prices(unit prices as well as total prices);3. terms of payment;4. mode of packing;5. time of transportation, port of destination and time of shipment etc. .Unit12 Urging Establishment of L/C (催开信用证)7.When shall L/C be opened:It is the usual practice that the letter of credit is to be opened and to reach thesellers 30 days ahead of shipment.Unit14 Shipment(装运)8.Three parties involved in the movement of the goods: the consigner(发货人) —who sends the goods; the carrier(承运人)—who carries them; the consignee(收货人)—who receives them at the destination.9. A shipping advice usually contains the following points:the date and number of bill of lading(B/L, 提单)the date and number of the contractthe names of commodities and their quality and valuethe name of the carrying vesselthe name of the shipping port/loading port (装货港)the estimated time of departure(EDT，预定起航日期)the name of the destination port (目的港)the estimated time of arrival(ETA，预定到港日期)a list of the relevant shipping documents (货运单据)thanks for patronageUnit15 Packing & Shipping Marks (包装和唛头)10.Factors which influence the nature of packing:value of the goodsnature of the transitnature of the cargocompliance with customers’ or statutory requirementsresale value of packing materials, general fragility ofcargovariation in temperature during the course of thetransitease of handling and stowageinsurance acceptance conditionscost of packing11.Two forms of packing:large packing/ outer packing, i.e. packing for transportationsmall packing/ inner packing, i.e. packaging or sales packing选择题：1. An exporter cannot receive payment until the goods on consignment D sometime in the future.A．have offered for sale B．arrive at destination C．are quoted D．have been sold 2. We have made D that we would accept D/A at 60 days' sight for this order.A．clear B．it is clear C．that clear D．it clear3. C an order for one hundred pieces or more we allow a special discount of 5% for payment by L/C.A．At B．In C．On D．From4. We find your terms C and now send you our order for 2 sets of generators. A．satisfied B．satisfaction C．satisfactory D．of satisfaction5. We have D at 30 days' sight for the contracted value.A. written to you B．called on you C．sent to you by air mail D．drawn on you6. We regret B to accept your terms of payment and therefore have to return the order to you.A．cannot B．being unable C．not able D．not be able7. We will consider B your terms of payment.A．accept B．accepting C．accepted D．to accept8. We are now A your order of June 19.A．in receipt of B．upon receipt of C．on receipt of D．in reception of9. We are pleased to inform you that we can supply D all the items you require. A．you B．to you C．for you D．you with1. Mr. Sidney has been our _________ salesperson. ( D )A. poorestB. worstC. earliestD. most successful2. We trust that you will find our goods _________. ( B )A. to be attractiveB. attractiveC. attractingD. attract your attention3. Our products enjoy _________ in world market. ( C )A. good sellerB. most popularC. great popularityD. selling fast4. This offer is _________ your acceptance by E-mail on or before March 15.( B )A. effective ofB. effective forC. effective toD. effectively for5. If you are interested, we will send you a sample lot _________ charge. ( D )A. withB. inC. forD. free of6. The exhibition has _________ to offer that you will find interesting.( C )A. manyB. muchC. moreD. many a7. This price is _________ of your 5% commission.( B )A. includesB. inclusiveC. coveringD. including8._________ your request, we are sending you a catalog and a sample book for your reference.( C )A. AccordingB. AsC. AtD. About9. On orders _________ 1,000 pieces or more we give a special discount of 5%.( B )A. onB. forC. at D of10. _________ the present market trend, we have to say that our price is really the best we can quote.( C )A. WithB. OnC. BecauseD. For1. We assure you that any further orders you may ______ will always be carefully attended to. ( B )A. place usB. place with usC. make usD. make with us2. ______ of our efforts, we have persuaded our clients to accept your offer. ( C )A. Result inB. Result fromC. As a result ofD. With the result in3. We are pleased that we have booked ______ 2000 pcs. bicycles. ( D )A. your orderB. with youC. an order with youD. an order with you4. We suggest that shipment of our order ______ effected in May instead of June. ( D )A. isB. will beC. is to beD. be5. Following your order ______ 400 metric tons of rayon last year, we are pleased to receive your order No. 876 ______ the same quantity. ( A )A. for, ofB. of, ofC. of, withD. of, for6. We are glad to receive your order of yesterday, ______ regret that we are not able to supply the goods you ordered ______ the end of May. ( B )A. and, byB. but, byC. but, forD. and, for Unit Nine Declining an Order (谢绝订货)7. We understand that the goods can be supplied ______ A stock. (A )A. fromB. outC. inD. out from8. The goods are urgently needed, we ______ hope you will deliver them immediately. ( C ) A. in the case B. hence C. therefore D. for9. We place this order______the understanding that the goods will be shipped by April. ( C )A. based onB. withC. onD. through10. Meanwhile we confirm ______ from you the following items. ( C )A. to purchaseB. purchaseC. having purchasedD. to have purchased Unit Nine Declining an Order (谢绝订货)Exercise1.A 4% discount will be granted only ______ your order exceeds US$ 20000. ( C )A. depends onB. for condition thatC. on condition thatD. subject to2.An exporter cannot receive payment until the goods on consignment ______ sometime in the future. ( D )A.have offered for saleB. are quotedC.arrive at destinationD. have been sold3.We have made ______ that we would accept D/A at 60 days’sight for this order. (D )A. clearB. it is clearC. that clearD. it clear4.______ an order for one hundred pieces or more we allow a special discount of 5% for payment by L/C. (C)A. AtB. InC. OnD. From2. We believe that there is a ready market ______ the goods in your place.( C )A. ofB. aboutC. forD. with3. With a view ______ the market at your end we have offered you our bottomprice.( A )A. to promotingB. to promoteC. of promoteD. into promoting4. Our suggestion is that you ______ the similar article _____what you request at a lower price than quoted owing to similarity in function. ( D )A. recommend, asB. replace, byC. take, intoD. substitute, for5. We agree to reduce your price ______ USD 160 per pair FOB Shanghai.( B )A. atB. toC. ofD. for6. We have decided to make a further concession ______ 5% per box in order to helpyou to increase the business with us. ( A )A. toB. ofC. onD. about7. We regret that our low prices ______ narrow margin of profit. ( A )A. leave us withB. includeC. earnD. give8. We feel regretful that you ask us to allow you a commission ______ 10% on each sale. ( A )A. ofB. toC. onD. /Exercises(课堂练习)Unit 2Establishing Business Relations (建立贸易关系)1. We learn from your letter of May 12 that you are _in__ the market for Chinese Black Tea.2. They have been _in__ the wool trade for quite a number of years.3. _Upon__ receipt of your detailed requirements, we shall be glad to give you our latest quotations.4. Should your price be _in__ line with the prevailing international market rate, we trust large business can be concluded.5. If the price is reasonable, we will place large orders _with__ you.6. We look forward _to__ receiving your favorable reply.7. Having obtained your name and address _from__ the newspaper, we are writing you in the hope of establishing business relations with you.8. We take this opportunity to approach you _for__ the establishment of the trade relations with you.9. We can meet your requirement _for__ Walnut meat.10. We are sending you our latest catalogues _under__ separate cover.1请报我方100公吨大米的最低价CIF广州，并表明最早交货期。
自考外贸函电英汉互译教材大总结
1.为使我们熟悉贵公司的产品，我们需要一些技术方面的细节。
请寄有关产品的说明书、小册子或者活页目录。
To familiarize ourselves with your products, we need some technical details. Please send us literatures, brochures, or leaflets dealing with your products.2.附寄一本目录，上面有本公司系列产品中增添的最新型号E331。
We are also enclosing a catalog showing a brand new addition to our line, Model E331.3.我们希望附寄的小册子对您有帮助。
We hope the enclosed brochure will be helpful to you.4.现寄去一份有关我公司目前可供出口的各式自行车的小册子。
We send you a brochure on the various kinds of bicycle now available for export.5.请寄我公司一份贵公司进口的商品清单。
Will you please let us have a list of items that are imported by you?6.请寄我一份台式计算机的目录本和价目单，或者任何说明小册子，以便本公司分发给潜在顾客。
Will you please send me a copy of your catalogue and pricelist of desktop computers and c opies of anydescriptive leaflets that I could pass to prospective customers.7.感你方9月6日来函，现附上一册最新商品目录，从中你会对我们的新产品有更多的了解。
自考外贸函电常用词汇
M/Ts D/A D/P L/C L/G T/T D/D B/L 公吨（MetricTon）承兑交单（Days after Acceptance）付款交单（Document against Payment）信用状（letter of credit）银行保证书电汇.票汇海运提单Bill of Lading提单INCOTERMS国际贸易术语解释通则CIF到岸价（Cost Insurance and Freight）CFR成本加运费FOB装运港船上交货FCA货交承运人ICC协会货物条款CIP运费、保险费付至ETA预计到港时间CIC.中国人民保险海洋运输货物保险条款FPA平安险(Free From Particular Average) breakage破碎险W.P.A andWar Risk水渍险和战争险Packing List包装清单Inspection Certificate检验证书Insurance Policy and Clean保险单和清洁On Board B/L已装船的提单freight prepaid运费预付after sight见票后draft at sight即期汇票shipping advice装运通知EMP欧洲主要港口1.Chamber of commerce商会2.Quotation报盘3.Counter-offer还盘4.Customs invoice海关发票5.Open account terms赊帐方式6.Certificate of origin原产地证7.Import quotas system进口配额制8.Bill of exchange汇票9.Promissory note本票10.Confirmed L/C保兑信用证1.Quantity Discount数量折扣2.Proforma Invoice形式发票3.Non-Tariff Barriers非关税壁垒4.Sales Contract销售合同5.Documentary Bill跟单汇票6.Sight Draft即期汇票7.Irrevocable L/C不可撤消信用证8.On Board B/L已装船提单9.More or Less Clause溢短装条款10.Insurance Policy保险单1.Cash Discount现金折扣mercial Invoice商业发票3.Import Licence System进口许可证制4.Sales Confirmation销售确认书mercial Draft商业汇票6.Time Draft远期汇票7.Collection托收8.Clean B/L清洁提单9.WarehousetoWarehouseClause仓至仓条款10.Insurance Certificate保险凭证let alone 关于 still less, still more 和 let alone 区别。
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本课程考试时间为150分钟，采用的题型有：单项选择 题、填空题、英译汉、汉译英、和撰写英语书信五大题 型。各类题型所占分数比重大致为：选择题共20小题， 每小题1分，占总分的20%（单项选择）；填空题共15题 25个空，每个空一分，占总分的25%；英译汉共10小 题，每小题2分，占总分的20%；汉译英共5小题，每小 题3分，占总分的15%；撰写英语书信占总分的20%。试 题难易度可分为较易、适中、较难三个等级。每份试卷 中，不同难易度试题的分数比例为：较易占总分的 20%，适中占总分的60%、较难占总分的20%。
For payment， please arrange for an irrevocable letter of credit， valid unti favor with the ABC Bank. 关于付款，请安排由ABC银行开立以我方为受益人， 有效期至6月30日截止的不可撤销的信用证。 Payment should be made under an irrevocable letter of credit which is to be opened in our favor within a week after the date of your order. 付款条件，在你方定货后一个星期内开立以我方为受 益人的，不可撤销的信用证。
促进业务联系：to promote business relations； 加强业务联系：to strengthen （enhance） business relations. Available Available 形容词available放在它所修饰的名 词前或后都可以， Available quantity 或quantity available 可供数量 Do you have any sample available？ 你们能给我们寄样品吗？
By confirmed， irrevocable L/C payable by draft at sight which should reach us at least one month before the shipping date， and should remain valid for negotiation in China until the 15th day after the date of shipment. 保兑的、不可撤销的信用证， 至迟应在装运期 前一个月开达我方，在中国支付，信用证有效 期至装运期后15天止。
支付
见票后多少天支付的说法很多， 常见的有： L/C available by draft at 30 days after sight 见票后 30天付款； usance L/C at 30 days after sight 见票后30天付款； time L/C at 30 days after sight 见票后30天付款； term L/C at 30 days after sight 见票后30天付款； usance L/C at 30 days 见票后30天付款； time L/C at 30 days 见票后30天付款； term L/C at 30 days 见票后30天付款。
be out of line with……表示“与……不相符合”。 Your price is out of line with the prevailing market level. 是指与现行行市不相符合。 类似表达有： Your counteroffer is not up to the present market level.你方的还价不符合现行的市场水平。 Your price is not on a level with the current market. 你方价格与当前的市场水平不相吻合。 Your counteroffer is not at all in keeping with the current rate. 你方还价不符合现行的价格水平。
询价
Quote 做报价解时的基本结构是： quote sb a price for sth： Please quote us your lowest price for carpets.
报盘
Offer 1)n. make (give, forward, send …)an offer on (for) [item] at [price] We are glad to give you an offer on portable typewriter Model MS-20 at US $140 per unit, CIF Bombay.
Quotation quotation 做“报价”解时，常与动词make， send， give 等连用：Please make （send， give） us your lowest quotation. 还可以用let us have 的结构： Please let us have your lowest quotation. “quotation”后面常跟介词for，然后接所报的商品，在 少数情况下，买方提及卖方的报价时用of. 向对方请求报价时，必用for： Please make us your lowest quotation for Chinese Folding Fans.请报中国折扇最低价。
建立什么样的关系：to establish direct （直 接的） [pleasant （愉快的），friendly （友好 的），good （良好的），mutually beneficial （互利的）] relations with …… 在什么基础上建立业务关系： on the basis of…… 如：We are willing to enter into business relations with your firm on the basis of equality， mutual benefit and exchanging what one has for what one needs.我们愿在平等互利、互通有无的 基础上与你公司建立业务联系。
2) vt. offer (item) at (price) We can offer you large quantities of this year’s peanuts at US$ 1,000 per metric ton.
2.In due course in due course 是商业书信中的成语，有时用 副词duly，意指情况正常按时到达。 3. At seller‘s/buyer’s option at seller‘s option 表示由卖方决定， at buyer’s option 则表示由买方决定。
订货及确认
1. Subject to： subject to……视……而定，以……为条件。如： This offer is subject to your reply being received by September 1.本盘9月1日前复到有效。 This offer is subject to prior sale. 本盘以先卖为准。 This offer is subject to the goods being unsold. 本盘以货物未售出为准。
2.reduce reduction reduce 是动词，reduction 是名词，后面接介词 in，意思是减低、减少。减价还可以用cut. 如：In order to close this deal we shall further reduce （cut） our price. We have made 8% reduction in our price. 另外，减到某一程度用bring down to， 如：We bring down our price to the level you indicated in your letter of August 5. 略减用shade，如：We shade our price.
3.This shop trades in paper and stationery.这 商店经营文具纸张。 4.We handle the import business of textiles.我 公司经营纺织品的进口业务。 5.to enter into direct business relations with you 与你公司建立直接的业务关系。
建交信
1.As this item falls（be， lie） within the scope（sphere） of our business activities. （lines） 此种商品属于我公司经营范围。 2.We deal in Chinese textiles. 我们经营中国纺织品。
Payment： By confirmed， irrevocable L/C， allowing 5% more or less both in amount and in quantity. 保兑的、不可撤销的信用证， 数量和总值均允许5% 溢短。
付款条件的替代用法很多： Payment： Payment By confirmed irrevocable L/C confirmed， payable at sight against presentation of shipping documents in China. 保兑的、不可撤销的信用证， 凭装运单据在中 国即期支付。
当数量条款定有溢短装条款时，付款条件中也 应有所反映： Payment： By confirmed， irrevocable L/C payable by draft at sight. The L/C should include a clause 5% more or less for both the quantity and the amount allowed. 保兑的、不可撤销的信用证付款。信用证必须 包括装货数量和总值都有5%溢短的条款。