世界渔业资源

THESOURCES 世界海洋渔业资源现状
捕捞渔业总产量
挪威 泰国 俄罗斯联邦 印度 日本 印度尼西亚 智利 美国 秘鲁 中国 0 5 10 15 2.5 2.8 2.9 3.6 4.4 4.8 4.9 5 9.6 16.9 20
海洋和内陆捕捞渔业： 2004年前十名生产国（百万吨）
• Total catches in 2004 decreased by over 10 percent in comparison with 2002 in three fishing areas: Northeast Atlantic, Southwest Atlantic and Eastern Central Pacific. In the Northeast Atlantic, for the first time since 1991 catches totalled less than 10 million tonnes. • 有三个捕捞区2004年总产量比2002年减少10%以上：东北大西 洋、西南大西洋和中东部太平洋。东北大西洋自19991年以来产量 首次低于1000万吨。
• A sharp drop in catches of Argentine shortfin squid by local and distant-water fleets (2004 capture production was one-ninth of that in 1999) brought down total catch in the Southwest Atlantic to its lowest level since 1984.当地和远洋船队捕捞阿根廷滑柔鱼产量 的急剧下降（2004年捕捞产量只有1999年的 九分之一）使西南大西洋总产量跌至自1984年 以来的最低水平。 • Catches in the Eastern Central Pacific peaked in 2002 at almost 2 million tonnes, but in the following two years declined by about 13 percent. • 2002年中东部太平洋产量达到近200万吨的高 峰，但在随后两年下降了约13%。
• However, in the Western Indian Ocean capture production decreased in 2004 in comparison with 2003 and the upward longterm trend has probably lost momentum in this fishing area. Coastal fisheries in the Western Indian Ocean seem to be more vulnerable than in the other two areas, with a reduction in total catch, excluding tuna, of 0.2 million tonnes in 2004. total catches of tuna, which is the most valuable group of species and generally exported out of the area, reached almost 30 percent of the total catch. • 但西印度洋2004年的捕捞产量比2003年下降，长期向上的趋势可 能在该捕捞区失去。西印度洋沿海渔业似乎比另外两个区域的更为 脆弱，不包括金枪鱼，2004年总产量减少了20万吨。作为该区域 最有出口价值种类组的金枪鱼产量达到总产量的近30%。
• A continuous increasing trend in catches can be observed in the Northwest Atlantic and Northeast Pacific since the recent minimums in 1998 and 2000. these two temperate fishing areas are among the most regulated and managed in the world, and the catch recovery that has occurred recently may be viewed as an indication of the effectiveness of management measures enforced after the crises experienced in the 1990s. • 自1998年和2000年分别的最低产量起，西北大西洋和 东北太平洋的产量呈持续增长趋势。这两个温带捕捞 区属于世界上最为规范和管理最好的区域，最近的产 量恢复可被认为是继上世纪90年代经历的危机之后有 效执行管理措施的标志。
• the Mediterranean and Black Sea appears to be the most stable fishing area in terms of total catches (1996 and 2004 quantities were unchanged, with only minor fluctuations), but a more detailed analysis by species group shows an increase in small pelagics and a decrease in demersal fishes, tunas and sharks, suggesting that among the most valuable fishery resources several are declining. • 地中海和黑海在总产量方面是最稳定的捕捞区（1996和 2004年的产量没有变化，只有微小波动），但更详细种类 组的分析显示，小型中上层种类产量增加，底层鱼类、金 枪鱼和鲨鱼产量下降，表明最有价值的渔业资源正在衰 退。
• the highest and lowest total catch in the past ten years (1995-2004) for which complete statistics are available at the end of 2006 coincided with the fluctuating catches of Peruvian anchoveta, a species notoriously influenced by the El Niño effects on the oceanographic conditions of the Southeast Pacific. • 过去十年（1995-2004年）最高和最低总产量的完全统计在 2006年年底完成，情况与秘鲁鳀鱼产量的波动相一致，该 鱼种极易受厄尔尼诺现象对东南太平洋海洋条件产生的作用 的影响。 • Catches of this small pelagic species in the decade ranged from a minimum of 1.7 million tonnes in 1998 to a maximum of 11.3 million tonnes in 2000, whereas global total catches excluding anchoveta remained relatively stable between 83.6 and 86.5 million tonnes. • 在这十年，该小型中上层种类产量从1998年最低的170万吨 变化到2000年的1130万吨，而不含鳀鱼的全球产量相对稳 定在8360万吨和8650万吨之间。
• Global capture production in 2004 reached 95.0 million tonnes, an increase of 5 percent in comparison with 2003, when total catch had declined to 90.5 million tonnes. • 2004年全球捕捞产量达到9500万吨，比2003年（总产量比上年下降）的 9050万吨增长5%。
世界海洋捕捞渔业产量
• Marine capture fisheries production was 85.8 million tonnes in 2004. As for the global total catches (including also inland capture production), its recent trend has been strongly influenced by variations in anchoveta catches off Peru and Chile. • 2004年世界海洋捕捞渔业产量为8580万吨。如同全 球捕捞产量（还包括内陆捕捞产量）一样，其最近的 趋势受秘鲁和智利海域鳀鱼产量变化的强烈影响。
• Preliminary estimates for 2005 global capture production indicate that inland water catches have increased by almost 0.4 million tonnes and marine catches have decreased by over 1.5 million tonnes. However, less than one-third of the marine capture production lost in 2005 in comparison with 2004 can be attributed to the high variability of Peruvian anchoveta, as total catches of all other marine species combined were reduced by about 1 million tonnes. • 2005年全球捕捞产量的初步估计数表明，内陆捕捞产量增加了 约40万吨，而海洋捕捞产量则下降150万吨多。然而，2005年 海洋捕捞产量与2004年相比减产不到三分之一。这可归因于秘 鲁鳀鱼的高度易变性，同时，所有其他海洋总产量下降了约100 万吨。