2015年广东财经大学外国语学院251日语考研真题【圣才出品】

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高铭暄《刑法学》(第7版)配套题库【章节题库】第七章犯罪主体【圣才出品】

第七章犯罪主体一、概念题1．犯罪主体（东财2011年研；上海大学2004年研）答：犯罪主体是指实施危害社会的行为、依法应当负刑事责任的自然人和单位。

自然人主体是我国刑法中最基本的、具有普遍意义的犯罪主体。

单位主体在我国刑法中不具有普遍意义但具有其特殊性。

我国刑法中犯罪主体的共同要件有：①犯罪主体必须是自然人。

②作为自然人的犯罪主体必须具备刑事责任能力。

刑事责任能力是行为人辨认和控制自己行为的能力。

这种能力与犯罪的成立和刑罚的适用密切相关。

2．刑事责任能力（广东财经大学2016年研；暨南大学2015年研；北师2012年研；武大2009年研）答：刑事责任能力，是指行为人构成犯罪和承担刑事责任所必需的，行为人具备的刑法意义上辨认和控制自己行为的能力。

刑事责任能力包括辨认能力和控制能力。

辨认能力，是指行为人具备对自己的行为在刑法上的意义、性质、后果的分辨认识能力。

控制能力，是指行为人具备决定自己是否以行为触犯刑法的能力。

3．刑事责任年龄（西安交大2008年研）答：刑事责任年龄，简称责任年龄，是指法律所规定的行为人对自己实施的刑法所禁止的危害社会行为负刑事责任必须达到的年龄。

刑事责任年龄划分为三个阶段：完全不负刑事责任年龄阶段，按照我国刑法典第17条的规定，不满14周岁，是完全不负刑事责任年龄的阶段；相对负刑事责任年龄阶段，我国刑法典第17条第2款的规定，已满14周岁不满16周岁，是相对负刑事责任年龄阶段；完全负刑事责任年龄阶段，我国刑法典第17条第1款的规定，已满16周岁的人进入完全负刑事责任年龄阶段。

4．一般主体与特殊主体（武大2005年研）答：以主体是否要求以特定身份为要件，自然人犯罪主体分为一般主体与特殊主体。

自然人犯罪的一般主体是指达到一定刑事责任年龄，具有刑事责任能力，而实施了犯罪行为的自然人。

特殊主体是指除具备犯罪的一般主体应当具备的条件外，还必须以一定的身份条件而构成特定犯罪的人。

特殊主体与一般主体构成共同犯罪时，一般主体能否构成只有特殊主体才能构成的犯罪，应当以特殊主体的身份条件是否在共同犯罪中发生作用为标准予以认定。

2015年广东外语外贸大学德语语言文学考研真题,复试流程,考研心态

1/10【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 12015年广东外语外贸大学考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。

更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。

学院：(005)西方语言文化学院学科专业代码：050204学科专业名称：德语语言文学本学科拟招生人数:8(说明：招生人数以教育部最终下达招生人数为准，此处仅作参考，可能会有调整)报考条件：学科简介：研究方向导师初试考试科目复试考试科目备注01德语文学余杨吴建雄①101思想政治理论②245英语③626德语水平考试④804德语写作与翻译①952德语综合考试②930面试02德语语言学刘齐生吴建雄①101思想政治理论②245英语③626德语水平考试④804德语写作与翻译①952德语综合考试②930面试2/10【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 203跨文化日耳曼学刘齐生吴建雄余杨①101思想政治理论②245英语③626德语水平考试④804德语写作与翻译①952德语综合考试②930面试复试形式与内容：初试参考书目•101|思想政治理论:请查看广东外语外贸大学研究生处网站•245|英语:不指定参考书目，题型可参考我校招生网上的考试样题•626|德语水平考试:1．《当代大学德语》1-4册，北京外研社，2．《德语语法》，张才尧、姚可昆编，北京出版社，3．《德国文学史》，余匡复编，上海外语教育出版社，?4．《德语语言学导论》，王京平著，外语教学与研究出版社，2002版•804|德语写作与翻译:1．《当代大学德语》1-4册，北京外研社，2．《德语语法》，张才尧、姚可昆编，北京出版社，3．《德国文学史》，余匡复编，上海外语教育出版社，4．《德语语言学导论》，王京平著，外语教学与研究出版社，2002版??5．《联邦德国文学史》，贝恩特·巴尔泽等编著，范大一、考研路上的十大拦路虎：1.背了又忘的英语单词解决办法：最好是每天抽出一点零碎时间比如，饭前背单词，也推荐睡前记单词，然后早晨起来之后马上复习一遍，很灵的喔。

(NEW)浙江财经大学外国语学院251二外日语历年考研真题汇编

目　录
2016年浙江财经大学外国语学院251二外日语考研真题2015年浙江财经大学外国语学院251二外日语考研真题2013年浙江财经大学外国语学院251二外日语考研真题2012年浙江财经大学外国语学院251二外日语考研真题2011年浙江财经大学外国语学院251二外日语考研真题2010年浙江财经大学外国语学院251二外日语考研真题2009年浙江财经大学外国语学院211二外日语考研真题2008年浙江财经大学外国语学院211二外日语考研真题2007年浙江财经大学外国语学院222二外日语考研真题
2016年浙江财经大学外国语学院251二外日
语考研真题。

广东财经大学英美文学2009--2015年考研真题

广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2015年考试科目代码及名称：804-英美文学适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］I.Explain the following literary terms. Write your answers on the answersheet. (25 points, 5 points for each.)1.Enlightenment2.Metaphysical poetry3.The theatre of the absurd4.Transcendentalism5.Dramatic monologueII.For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the statement. (20 points, 1 point for each)1._____ can be justly termed England’s national epic, and its most striking featureis the use of ____.A.Cynewulf, alliterationB.Beowulf, alliterationC.Sir Gawain and the Green Knight,D.Robin Hood, rhymerhyme2. The 18th century sees the birth of the greatest satirist in English literature: .His masterpiece , comprises the extraordinary adventures of an Englishman, descriptions of fantastic lands visited by him, and their social systems and is always regarded as a bitter sarcasm and deadly irony of the contemporary England.A. Samuel Johnson, Gulliver’s TravelsB. Alexander Pope, The Rape of theLockC. Daniel Defoe, Robinson CrusoeD. Jonathan Swift, Gulliver’s Travels3. Which of the following works is NOT considered as William Shakespeare’s fourgreat tragedies?A. King LearB. Romeo and JulietC. MacbethD. Othello4. , Byron’s greatest work, was written in the prime of his creative powerand still remained unfinished when the poet’s life was ended by a romantic and generous death.A. Don JuanB. GiaourC. Childe Harold’s PilgrimageD. Manfred5. The publication of in 1798—the joint work of William Wordsworthand________—marked the break with the conventional poetical tradition of the 18th century, i.e. with classicism.A. Lyrical Ballads, Robert SoutheyB.The Prelude, Samuel TaylorColeridgeC.Lyrical Ballads, Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. Biographia Literaria, Samuel Taylor Coleridge6. William Makepeace Thackeray’s masterpiece is , and the title of the novel is taken from Bunyan’s greatest work .A. Vanity Fair, Paradise RegainedB. Vanity Fair, Pilgrim’s ProgressC. Vanity Fair, Samson AgonistesD. The Book of Snobs, Pilgrim’sProgress7. established himself both as a writer and as a spokesman for the school of “Art for Art’s Sake.”A. Thomas GrayB. Charles LambC. Oscar WildeD. Walter Scott8. __________, written by P. B. Shelley’s wife, Mary Shelley, is regarded the best of its kind, ______, in the 19th century England.A. Prometheus Unbound, Gothic novelB. Frankenstein, Realistic novelC. Adonis, Romantic novelD. Frankenstein, Gothic novel9. “April is the cruellest month, breeding / Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing / Memory and desire, stirring / Dull roots with spring rain.” These lines are taken from T. S. Eliot’s modern classic poem_______, which remind us the opening lines of the “General Prologue” in The Canterbury Tales by the greatest literary figure_______ in 14th century England.A. Four Quartets, Geoffrey ChaucerB. The Waste Land, Geoffrey ChaucerC. Hollow Man, Edmund SpencerD. The Waste Land, John Milton10. Joseph Conrad’s _________ is central to the evolution of what is called postcolonial fiction, and says something that only said in a novel: A historian looking at European colonialism will arrive at historical judgments.A. Heart of DarknessB. NostromoC. Lord JimD. Typhoon11._________, with his famous poem, “Annabel Lee”, justified his poetic idea that the death of a beautiful woman, is “unquestionably, the most poetical topic in the world”.A. W.B. Yeats B. Edgar Allan PoeC. Ezra PoundD. W. H. Auden12. Around 1920, the American literary world rediscovered an almost forgotten book and suddenly became aware of a major American writer. The book was _______, a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.A. Moby-DickB. OmooC. The Last of the MohicansD. Billy Budd13. With Warner, Mark Twain collaborated on __________, a satire that gave its name to the era of corrupt materialism that followed the American Civil War.A. The Golden AgeB. The Silver AgeC. The Gilded AgeD. The Bronze Age14.________, Stephen crane’s finest literary achievement, depicts a picture of American Civil War in a naturalistic way.A. War Is KindB. The Black RidersC. The Red Badge of CourageD. The Age of Innocence15. Hemingway’s novel The Sun Also Rises, brilliantly captures his years in Paris asone of ______, a name given by the writer Gertrude Stein.A. The Beat GenerationB. The Lost GenerationC. The Angry Young MenD. The Younger Generation16. By the end of his life he had become a national bard; when he was eighty-sevenhe read his poetry at the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy. The poet is ___________.A. Ezra PoundB. T. S. EliotC. E. E. CummingsD. Robert Frost17. As a poet and as a painter, _________uses the small letters, the unconventionalsyntax, and the unusual spacing of words, to express individuality and participate in what he called “The New Art”.A. Ezra PoundB. E. E. CummingsC. William Carlos WilliamsD. Wallace Stevens18._______, an epic depiction of one dispossessed Oklahoma family’s migration toCalifornia in search a new life, written by ___________, is among the most widely read novel of 20th century.B. Of Mice and Men, John SteinbeckA. The Grape of Wrath, JohnSteinbeckC. In Our Time, Ernest HemingwayD. Light in August, William Faulkner19. Which of the following writers is NOT a Nobel Prize Winner?A. Ezra PoundB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. Saul Bellow20. Early in 1920s the most prominent of the new American playwrights, _______,established an international reputation with such plays as The Emperor Jones, Anna Christie and The Hairy Ape.A. Arthur MillerB. Tennessee WilliamsC. Walt WhitmanD. Eugene O’NeillIII.Matching. Find the relevant match from column B for each item in column A and put the letters on the answer sheet. (20 points, 1 point for each.)Section AColumn A Column B1.Francis Bacon A.For Whom the Bell Tolls2.John Milton B.The Legend of Sleepy Hollow3.Herman Melville C.Seize the Day4.W. B. Yeats D.A Streetcar Named Desire5.Washington Irving E.Paradise Lost6.Henry Fielding F.Sailing to Byzantium7. E. M. Forster G.Moby Dick8.Ernest Hemingway H.Advancement of Learning39.Saul Bellow I.Tom Jones10.Tennessee Williams J.Howards EndSection BColumn A Column B1.The Tempest A.Lord Henry2.Sister Carrie B.Catherine Linton3.Great Expectation C.Leopold Bloom4.Sons and Lovers D.Nick Carraway5.Native Son dy Teazle6.Wuthering Heights F.Prospero7.The Great Gatsby G.Bigger Thomas8.Ulysses H.G. W. Hurstwood9.The School for Scandal I.Mrs. Morel10.The Picture of Dorian Gray J.PipIV. Read the following pieces of selected works and answer the question followed by the passage. Write your answers on the answer sheet. (40 points, 8 points for each.)1.It is a melancholy object to those, who walk through this great town, or travel in the country, when they see the streets, the roads and cabbin-doors crowded with beggars of the female sex, followed by three, four, or six children, all in rags, and importuning every passenger for an alms. These mothers instead of being able to work for their honest livelihood, are forced to employ all their time in strolling to beg sustenance for their helpless infants who, as they grow up, either turn thieves for want of work, or leave their dear native country, to fight for the Pretender in Spain, or sell themselves to the Barbadoes.Q: This text is from Jonathan Swift’ s “A Modest Proposal”. What is Swift’s attitude toward the beggars he describes?2.My heart leaps up when I beholdA rainbow in the sky:So was it when my life began,So is it now I am a man,So be it when I shall grow oldOr let me die!The child is father of the man:And I could wish my days to beBound each to each by natural piety.Q：This is a short poem written by William Wordsworth. Please explain theunderlined lines.3.I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practice resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God, and have somewhat hastily concluded that it is the chief end of man here to “glorify God and enjoy him forever.”Q：This text is selected from Henry David Thoreau’s Walden, under the title “Where I Lived, and What I Lived For.” Please explain the underlined sentence.4.“Shall I?” I said briefly; and I looked at his features, beautiful in their harmony, but strangely formidable in their still severity; at his brow, commanding, but not open; at his eyes, bright and deep and searching, but never soft; at his tall imposing figure; and fancied myself in idea his wife. Oh! it would never do! As his curate, his comrade, all would be right: I would cross oceans with him in that capacity; toil under Eastern suns, in Asian deserts with him in that office; admire and emulate his courage and devotion and vigour: accommodate quietly to his masterhood; smile undisturbed at his ineradicable ambition. . . . I should suffer often, no doubt, attached to him only in this capacity: my body would be under a rather stringent yoke, but my heart and mind would be free. I should still have my unblighted self to turn to: my natural unenslaved feelings with which to communicate in moments of loneliness. There would be recesses in my mind which would be only mine, to which he never came; and sentiments growing there, fresh and sheltered, which his austerity could never blight, nor his measured warrior-march trample down: but as his wife—at his side always, and always restrained, and always checked—forced to keep the fire of my nature continually low, to compel it to burn inwardly and never utter a cry, though the imprisoned flame consumed vital after vital—this would be unendurable.Q：This passage is from Jane Eyre. It occurs in Chapter 34. St. John Rivers has just asked Jane to join him as his wife on his missionary trip to India. Please evaluate Jane’s interior conflict involved in making her decision.5.When Miss Emily Grieison died, our whole town went to her funeral: the men through a sort of respectful affection for a fallen monument, the women mostly out of curiosity to see the inside of her house, which no one save an old manservant---combined gardener and cook---had seen in at least ten years.…Alive, Miss Emily had been a tradition, a duty, and a care; a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town, dating from the day in 1894 when Colonel Sartoris, the mayor—he who lathered the edict that no Negro woman should appear on the streets without an apron—remitted her taxes, die dispensation dating from the death of her father on into perpetuity.Q：This text is from William Faulkner’s short story “A Rose for Emily”. Please explain the underlined part.V. Answer the following questions, and elaborate your opinion with examples. Write your answers on the answer sheet. (45 points, 15 points for each.)1. What are the features of Realism of Victorian novels? Elaborate them with thenovels of Victorian writers.2. State the literary achievements of T. S. Eliot, and elaborate them with his works.3. Please make a comparison between “The Angry Young Man” and “The BeatGeneration”.广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2009年考试科目代码及名称：807-英美文学适用专业：050201-英语语言文学一、名词解释（5题，每题5分，共25分）1. theme2. symbol3. Alliteration4. plot5. genre二、选择填空（20题，每题1分，共20分）1. In the year _____ (1607, 1066, 1068, 1088), at the battle of Hastings, the Normans headed by William, Duke of Normandy, defeated the Anglo-Saxons.2. The literature of the Middle English Period was a combination of ________ (French, German, Italian, Roman ) and Anglo—Saxon elements.3. Renaissance was a great ______ (romantic, realistic, cultural, economical) and intellectual movement against feudalism and hierarchy that swept the whole Europe in the 14th century.4. It was Henry VIII who started the Protestant ________ (Reformation, Movement, Genre,School), thus Protestantism came into being.5. Edmund Spenser was the author of the greatest epic poem of the time, _______ (The Faerie Queene,The Defence of Poesie, The Forest, The Canterbury Tales).6. King James _______ (Book, Poetry, Bible, Story) is also called the Authorized Version (1611), whose simple and dignified language had a great influence on English language, literature, life.7. Chaucer died on the 25th of October, 1400, and was buried in _______ (Westminster Abbey, Oxford, Cambridge, Italy).8. The general tendency of neoclassical literature was to look at social and political life critically, to emphasize intellectual rather than imagination, the ______ (form, wisdom, effect, result) rather than the content of a sentence.9. The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement which was an expression of the bourgeoisie against ________ (capitalism, socialism, communism, feudalism).10. The rise and growth of the ______ (romantic, realistic, popular, idealistic) novel is the most significant development of the 18th century English literature.11. Paradise Lost tells how_______ (Satan, Devil, Spirit, Angels) rebelled against God and how Adam and Eve were driven out of________ (Hell, Eden, Heaven, Home).12. The Pioneers (1823) was the first novel of Cooper’s famous ___________ (“Leatherstocking Tales”, The Last of the Mohicans, the Path Finder, The Prairie) series, set in the exciting period of America’s movement westward.13.____________ (Feminism, Marxism, Criticism, Transcendentalism,) is a philosophic and literary movement that flourish in New England, as a reaction against rationalism and Calvinism. It stressed intuitive understanding of god without the help of the church, and advocated independence of the mind.14.Just as Paine’s Common Sense had unified American feeling for the Revolution, Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin(1852) united Northern feelings against_________ (slavery, slaver, slave, slavey).15.The pain of the modern _________ (Naturalism, Existentialism, Hellenism, Hedonism) was that“The world is a place where God and nature are silent”, and the universe is a “design of darkness”.16.The American West could be described “without the sense of any older civilization outside of it. The East, however, was always looking fearfully over its shoulder at__________ (Oceania, Africa, Europe, Asia).”17. During the 22 years of his literary work Shakespeare produced_______ (34, 35, 36, 37, ) plays, 2 narrative poems and _______ (154, 155,156,157) sonnets.18. _______ (Ballads, Sonnets, Poems, lyrics) are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission.19. Robinson names_______ (Monday, Tuesday, Friday, Sunday) to commemorate the day of the savage’s rescue.20. ________ (William Blake, Ben Jonson, John Donne, Robert Greene) and _______ (William Wordsworth, George Gordon Byron, Robert Burns, Alfred Tennyson) are the two poets who represented the spirit of what is usually called Pre-Romanticism.三、作家、作品与人物配对（20题，每题1分，共20分）；A B1. Thomas More a. Of Studies.2. W. Shakespeare b. Paradise Lost3. Edmund Spenser c. Utopia4. F. Bacon d. Hamlet5. J. Milton e. The Faerie Queene6. J. Bunyan f. Robinson Crusoe7. John Dryden g. Don Juan8. D. Defoe h. The Pilgim’s Progress9. J. Swift i. Alexander’s Feast10. George Gordon Byren j. Gulliver’s Travels11. Mark Twain k. Uncle Tom’s Cabin12. Walt Whitman l. A Farewell to Arms13. William Faulkner m. The Portrait of A Lady14. F. Scott Fitzgerald n. The Waste Land15. Herman Melville o.The Sound and the Fury16. Henry James p. The Grapes of Wrath17 Harriet Beecher Stowe q. The Great Gatsby18 John Steinbeck r. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer19 T. S. Eliot s. Moby-Dick20 Ernest Hemingway t. Leaves of Grass四、作品理解（5题，每题8分，共40分）Passage 1Then went the Jury out, whose names were, Mr Blindman, Mr No-good, Mr Malice, Mr Love-lust, Mr Live-loose, Mr Heady, Mr High-mind, Mr Enmity, Mr Lyar, Mr Cruelty, Mr Hate-light, and Mr Implacable; who every one gave in his private Verdict against him among themselves, and afterwards unanimously concluded to bring him in guilty before the Judge. And first among themselves, Mr Blind-man the Foreman, said, I see clearly that this man is an Heretick.Then said Mr Nogood, Away with such a fellow from the earth. Ay, said Mr Malice, for I hate the very looks of him. Then said Mr Love-lust, I could never endure him. Nor I, said Mr Live-loose, for he would always be condemning my way. Hang him, hang him, said Mr Heady. A sorry Scrub, said Mr High-mind. My heart riseth against him, said Mr Enmity. He is a Rogue, said Mr Lyar. Hanging is too good for him, said Mr Cruelty. Let us dispatch him out of the way, said Mr Hate-light. Then said Mr Implacable, Might I have all the world given me, I could not be reconciled to him; therefore let us forthwith bring him in guilty of death. And so they did; therefore he was presently condemned to be had from the place where he was, to the place from whence he came, and there to be put to the most cruel death that could be invented.They therefore brought him out, to do with him according to their Law; and first they Scourged him, then they Buffeted him, then they Lanced his flesh with Knives; after that they Stoned him with stones, then pricked him with their Swords; and last of all they burned him to ashes at the Stake. Thus came Faithful to his end.Now I saw that there stood behind the multitude a Chariot and a couple of Horses, waiting for Faithful, who (so soon as his adversaries had dispatched him) was taken up into it, and straitway was carried up through the Clouds, with sound of Trumpet, the nearest way to the Coelestial Gate. Brave Faithful, bravely done in word and deed; Judge, Witnesses, and Jury have, instead Of overcoming thee, but shewn their rage: When they are Dead, thou'lt Live from age to age.But as for Christian, he had some respite, and was remanded back to prison; so he there remained for a space: But he that over-rules all things, having the power of their rage in his own hand, so wrought it about, that Christian for that time escaped them, and went his way. And as he went he sang, saying,Well Faithful, thou hast faithfully profestUnto thy Lord; with whom thou shalt be blest,When faithless ones, with all their vain delights,Are crying out under their hellish plights:Sing, Faithful, sing, and let thy name survive;For though they kill'd thee, thou art yet alive.Now I saw in my Dream, that Christian went not forth alone, for there was one whose name was Hopeful, (being made so by the beholding of Christian and Faithful in their words and behaviour, in their sufferings at the Fair) who joined himself unto him, and entering into a brotherly covenant, told him that he would be his Companion. Thus one died to make Testimony to the Truth, and another rises out of his ashes to be a Companion with Christian in his pilgrimage. This Hopeful also told Christian, that there were many more of the men in the Fair that would take their time and follow after.Questions: Fill in the blanks with one word for each. (8%, two scores for each blank) 1．The above is taken from _________’s The Pilgrim’s Progress.2．It is a selection from Chapter VI of The Pilgrim’s Progress, entitled _____ .3．The work is a religious instruction written in the form of _______ and ______.Passage 2Hamlet’s SoliloquyTo be, or not to be: that is the question:Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortuneOr to take arms against a sea of troublesAnd by opposing end them. To die—to sleep—No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heartache, and the thousand natural shocksThat flesh is heir to. ’Tis a consummationDevoutly to be wish’d. To die—to sleep.To sleep—Perchance to dream: ay, there ’s the rub!For in that sleep of death what dreams may comeWhen we have shuffled off this mortal coil,Must give us pause. There’s the respectThat makes calamity of so long life.For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,Th’ oppressor’s wrong, the proud man’s contumely,The pangs of despis’d love, the law’s delay,The insolence of office, and the spurnsThat patient merit of th’ unworthy takes,When he himself might his quietus makeWith a bare bodkin? Who would fardels bear,To grunt and sweat under a weary life,But that the dread of something after death—The undiscover’d country, from whose bournNo traveller returns—puzzles the will,And makes us rather bear those ills we haveThan fly to others that we know not of?Thus conscience does make cowards of us all,And thus the native hue of resolutionIs sicklied o’er with the pale cast of thought,And enterprises of great pitch and momentWith this regard their currents turn awryAnd lose the name of action.Questions: Answer the following questions briefly.(8%, four scores for each)1．Hamlet’s melancholy and procrastination are revealed in this soliloquy. What question is he pondering on ?2．Please explain “ To be, or not to be”.Passage 3.Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate.Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer’s lease hath all too short a date:Sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature’s changing course, untrimmed:But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;Nor shall Death brag thou wanderest in his shadeWhen in eternal lines to time thou growest.So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.Questions: (8%, two scores for each item)1. This is one of Shakespeare’s best known________.A. sonnetsB. balladsC. songs2. It runs in iambic pentameter rhymed_________.3. The fourteen lines include three Stanzas according to their content, with the last two lines as a ________which complete the sense of the above lines.4. It deals with the conventional theme that natural beauty will surely be knocked out with the passing of time and that only ________can bring eternity to the one the poet loves and eulogizes.Passage 4.I lay down on the grass, which was very short and soft, where I slept sounder than ever I remember to have done in my life, and as I reckoned, above nine hours; for when I awaked, it was just daylight. I attempted to rise, but was not able to stir: for as I happened to be on my back, I found my arms and legs were strongly fastened on each side to the ground; and my hair, which was long and thick, tied down in the same manner. I likewise felt several slender ligature across my body, from my armpits to my thighs. I could only look upwards; the sun began to grow hot, and the light offended my eyes. I heard a confused noise about me, but in the posture I lay, could see nothing except the sky. In a little time I felt something alive moving on my left leg, which advancing gently forward over my breast, came almost up to my chin; when bending my eyes downwards as much as I could, I perceived it to be a human creature not six inches high, with a bow and arrow in his hands, and a quiver at his back.Questions: (8%, two scores for each blank)1. This passage is taken from a well-known novel written by ___________.2. The “I” in the novel was dropped in a strange country. The country’s name is ___________.3. The name of the novel is ___________.4. The name of the “I” in this passage is __________.Passage 5Of StudiesStudies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience; for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things. Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man, and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem toknow that he doth not. Histories make men wise; poets, witty; the mathematics, subtile; natural philosophy, deep; moral, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay, there is no stond or impediment in the wit but may be wrought out by fit studies; like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man's wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen, for they are Cymini sectors. If he be not apt to beat over matters and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers' cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.Questions:Fill in the blanks with only one word. ( 8%, two scores for each blank)1.“ in discourse” means in ________.2.“able to contend” means able to ______.3.“ simple men” means _______men.4.“ in the wit” means in the _______.五、论述题（3题，每题15分，共45分）1. What do you know about critical realism?2. What is the main idea of The Merchant of Venice?3.Summarize the novel Adventures of Tom Sawyer and make some comments on the maincharacters in it.广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：20010年考试科目代码及名称：807-英美文学适用专业：050201-英语语言文学[友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！]I. Define the following five terms. (25 points in all, 5 points for each)1. Symbol2. The English Renaissance3. Naturalism4. Romanticism5. Transcendentalist ClubII. Multiple choice. In this part, there are 20 statements or questions;in each of them, there are four choices marked by A), B), C), and D).Choose the ONE answer that is the most suitable to the statement orquestion. (20 points in all, 1 point for each)。

F518-财务与会计综合广东财经大学 2015年硕士研究生考研真题

广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2015年考试科目代码及名称：F520-财务与会计综合（含中级财务会计与财务管理）适用专业：120201会计学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］（1）名词解释（5题，每题3分，共15分）1.资产2.权益法3.每股收益无差别点4.股票5.资本成本（2）简答题（3题，每题5分，共15分）1.简述财务管理的基本内容。

2．简述流动负债的确认标准。

3. 简述材料存货的期末计量。

（3）实务题（4题，每题10分，共40分）1.资料：甲公司对原材料采用计划成本进行核算。

2014年5月12日购入A 材料一批，增值税专用发票上注明的价款为300 000元，增值税税额为51 000元，已通过银行结算货款。

另外甲公司还支付了该批材料的运输费、装卸费和保险费，共计6 000元。

该批材料已验收入库，其计划成本为303 000元。

2．某公司首次计提坏账准备年度的应收账款年末余额为1 000 000元，提取坏账准备的比例为4‰。

第二年发生坏账损失6 000元，年末应收账款余额为1 300 000元。

第三年发生坏账损失3 000元，上年已转销的应收账款中有3 400元本年度又收回，该年度末应收账款余额为800 000元。

要求：编制该公司对上述业务的会计处理分录。

3．某公司拟筹资2500万元，其中发行债券1000万元，筹资费率2%，债券年利率10%，所得税率25%；优先股500万元，年股息率7%，筹资费率3%；普通股1000万股，筹资费率4%，第一年预计股利为10%，以后各年增长4%。

要求：计算该筹资方案的个别资本成本和综合资本成本。

4．谋公司2014年有关财务数据如下表:要求：（1）计算流动资产的年初余额、年末余额；（2）计算本年销售收入和总资产周转率；（3）计算销售净利率和净资产收益率；（4）论述题（2题，每题15分，共30分）1．论述财务报告的目标和作用2．论股利分配政策的主要内容。

2015年广东财经大学806管理学原理考研真题【圣才出品】

2015年广东财经大学806管理学原理考研真题考试年度：2015年考试科目代码：806考试科目名称：管理学原理适用专业：120201会计学、120202企业管理、120203旅游管理、120204技术经济及管理、1202Z1企业文化与伦理一、概念解释（4题，每题5分，共20分）1．组织文化2．全球公司3．组织的使命4．组织公民行为二、问题简答（3题，每题10分，共30分）1．简述群体的发展阶段2．组织变革主要有哪几种类型？3．路径—目标理论主要包含哪四种领导行为？三、观点辨析（1题，共20分）1．创新要求允许人们犯错误。

然而，多次犯错误会断送一个人的前程。

你赞成这种观点吗？为什么？这对培育创新有什么启示？四、问题论述（1题，共30分）1．为什么有效的沟通并不是达成一致意见的同义词？五、案例分析（2题，共50分）1.孙斌斌：动车组的“女焊王”孙斌斌，今年33岁（2011年），唐山人。

中国北车集团唐山轨道客车有限公司的铝焊工程师，拥有“国际焊接教师”资格证书，是全球获得该证书的唯一女性。

她没有亲自焊接中国的高铁列车，但她的学生们却携手创造了世界一流的高速动车组。

世界第一女焊接教师中国高铁的发展，给了孙斌斌机遇。

她拥有“国际焊接教师”资格证书，是全球获得这一证书的唯一女性。

2004年，铁道部决定由唐车生产时速350公里动车组。

动车组的车体是铝合金，焊接是一个重要的环节。

2006年2月初，德国西门子派专家帮唐车选了12名技术骨干去德国深造。

孙斌斌便是其中之一。

回国后，孙斌斌调入焊接中心担任铝焊老师，承担350公里高速列车组的铝焊工培训工作。

之后，她又被中国北车聘任为高铁焊接技术的“资深专家”。

中国幅员辽阔、地形复杂，如果在处理高速动车小焊缝时出现未熔合现象，就可能导致焊接处断裂，后果将不堪设想。

孙斌斌和同事们无数次试验，终于掌握了焊枪的最佳角度和速度，达到了小焊缝焊接时的零缺陷。

孙斌斌虽然没有亲自焊接中国的高铁列车，但她的学生们却携手参与制造了世界一流的高速动车组。

广东财经大学《613英语水平考试(自命题)》考研专业课真题试卷

B. picture
C. impression D. figure
(12) A.by
B. with
C. in
D. to
(13) A.emerge B. happen
C. appear
D. expose
(14) A.associated B. related
C. bond
D. afflicted
(15) A.changed into B. expanded into C. decreased into D. increased into
(18)____medicine, for instance. No one can deny that medical progress has enriched our lives tremendously. Because of medical (19) ____, we eat better, live easier and are able to take care of ourselves more efficiently. We can cure disease with no more than one injection (20)____a pill. If we have a serious accident, surgeons can put us (21)____together again. If we are born (22)____something defective, they can repair it. They can make us happy, restore our sanity, ease our pain, replace (23)____parts and give us children. They can even bring us back from the dead. These are wonderful achievements, but there is a (24) ____we have to pay.

广东财经大学252-法语专业课考研真题(2013年-2021年)

广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2021年考试科目代码及名称：252-法语(自命题)适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、词语选择（10题，每题1分，共10分）1, ____ de nouveau dans le journal d’aujourd’hui ?A QueB QuelC QuoiD Comment2, Qu’est-ce ____ se passe ?A quiB queC quoiD ce que3, Je ne sais pas ____ mon frère a passé l’examen écrit.A est-ce queB queC siD comme4, - As-tu lu les actualités aujourd’hui ?- Oui, je ____.A les ai luesB leur ai luesC les ai luD leur ai lu5, ____ cinq mois, il a réussi à perdre six kilos !A PendantB DurantC EnD Dans6 Le soleil ____ à l’Est.A lèveB se lèveC est levéD a levé7, Pour ouvrir un compte, Pierre est allé à la ____.A bibliothèqueB librairieC piscineD banque8, Dans un boulangerie,- Madame, vous____ ?- Deux croissants, s’il vous plaît .A voulezB désirezC aimezD souhaitez9, Marie et Jacque ont ____ de vous inviter à un cocktail pour le mariage de leur fille.A le douleurB la gentillesseC le plaisirD l’amabilité10, En France, le ____ du présidant de la République est de 5 ans.A tempsB momentC jourD mandat二、句法结构（10题，每题1分，共10分）用动词的合适形式填空Le week-end de Madame CognetEh bien，moi, je (passer) _____ un très bon week-end! Samedi matin, mon mari (préparer)____ un petit déjeuner délicieux. Et ensuite, il (faire) ____le ménage et les courses pendant que (être) je_____chez le coiffeur. Quand je (rentrer) _____à la maison, la maison (être)____très belle. Samedi soir, nous (aller)_____au cinéma voir La Reine Margot . Ce (être)____un film intéressant. Quand nous (rentrer) ____ le soir, nous (être) _____fatigués mais très contents de notre journée.三、阅读理解（10题，每题2分，共20分）Daddy-sittingUn centre commercial de Batley, en Angleterre, a ouvert une garderie pour hommes. Ce service s’adresse aux hommes qui détestent faire les courses avec leurs compagnes. Dans cet endroit, les hommes peuvent faire du karting, du train électrique ou jouer à des jeux vidéo en sirotant des rafraîchissements.1, Ce centre commercial se situeA en FranceB aux Etats-UnisC au Royaume-UniD au Japon2, Quand les hommes se reposent à la garderie, leur femmesA s’occupent des enfantsB font du sportC travaillent dans le centre commercialD font des achats3, Ici, le rafraîchissement estA une boisson alcooliséeB une boisson rafraîchissanteC un rafraîchissoirD un baume essentielQu’est-ce que c’est le végétarismeC’est en réalité un peu plus compliqué que le simple fait de ne pas manger de viande, car il existe différents “types”de régimes végétariens.L’ovo-lacto-végétarien. C’est le plus répandu : on ne mange aucun produit animal, excepté les œufs et les produits laitiers.Le lacto-végétarien : on ne consomme aucun produit animal excepté les produits laitiers.L’ovo-végétairen : on ne consomme toujours aucun produit animal, mais les œufs sont mangés.Et puis il y a le régime végétalien. Là, tous les produits d’origine animale sont prosc rits, quel qu’ils soient.4, D’après ce texte, il existe combien de régimes du végétarisme ?A TroisB QuatreC DeuxD Cinq5, Selon le régime lacto-végétarien,A on ne consomme aucun produit animal.B on consomme des œuf s.C on consomme des produits laitiers.D on ne consomme pas les œufs ni les produits laitiers.6, Il existe un cas commun pour tous les différents types de régimes végétariens, c’estA qu’on ne mange pas d’œufs.B qu’on ne mange pas de produits laitiers.C qu’on ne mange pas les œufs ni les produits laitiers.D qu’on ne mange pas de viande.Qu’est-ce que le bonheur ?Beaucoup de choses et d’activités me plaisent, par exemple discuter au téléphone, regarder la télévision, et naturellement, manger du chocolat. Pourtant, je crois que ce qu’on dit est vrai: le plaisir n’est pas le bonheur. Le plaisir touche le corps ou l’esprit, mais le bonheur touche l’âme.Dans mon pays, le Zimbabwe, tout devient de plus en plus cher. Souvent, je rêve d’être si riche que je pourrais acheter tout ce que je veux, même un avion ! Ainsi, je serais heureuse. Mais est-ce que c’est vrai ? Plusieurs millionnaires ont déclaré que, malgré leur richesse, ils étaient toujours insatisfaits.Quand j’étais plus jeune, je souhaitais la même chose que la plupart des filles - je voulais devenir vedette (明星). Mais j’ai entendu dire qu’un grand nombre de vedettes étaient vraiment misérables ! On dit qu’il est difficile de trouver le bonheur. Moi, j’ai décidé que si l’on peut partager sa joie avec d’autres, si l’on peut expliquer tous ses problèmes aux autres, au membres de sa famille et à ses amies, on peut être vraiment content de vivre. Voilà le bonheur pour moi.7, D’après l’auteur,A regarder la télévision est un bonheur.B discuter au téléphone est un bonheur.C manger du chocolat est un plaisir.D le bonheur est le plaisir.8, Quel est l’idéal de l’auteur quand elle est plus jeune ?A Devenir riche.B Devenir vedette.C Devenir millionnaire.D Devenir heureuse.9, Le pays natal de l’auteur se situeA en Amérique.B en Afrique.C en AsieD en Europe.10, D’ap rès ce texte, on peut dire queA le bonheur est décidé par la richesse.B c’est aussi le bonheur de partager ses joies avec d’autres selon l’auteur.C les millionnaires n’ont pas de bonheur.D les pauvres sont privés de bonheur.四、法汉互译（法译汉15分，汉译法15分，共30分）法译汉La famille françaiseLa famille française est basée d’abord sur le couple, uni par le mariage civil et complété dans la plupart des cas par un mariage religieux. Le père, le « chef de famille » n’a pas entièrem ent perdu son autorité et son prestige. La mère, surtout si elle est sans emploi, reste le centre et l’âme de la famille dont le principal souci sera de « bien élever les enfants ». Les parents entretiennent avec leurs enfants des rapports très étroits. La famille française est un milieu fermé.汉译法Thème1, 我的邻居买了一辆新车, 对我来说这辆车太贵了。

2015年中国人民大学日语真题考研真题,参考答案,考研参考书,复习方法,考研资料

【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官方网站：12015年中国人民大学考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。

更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。

该文初试适用于所有可以选择203日语应试的考生，复试只适用于经济学院的考生，特此说明。

每个考区英语评分标准基本相同，日语评分标准考区之间差异很大，根据明王道日语统计数据，203日语湖北考区出现过94和一群80以上的高分（最多），北京考区80分以上最少。

卤煮二战人民大学经济学院。

卤煮一战总分378，二战总分400+（具体不说了哈）。

203日语分数：2013年，70；2014年，80。

对于初试和复试可以说是熟门熟路了。

特此发一篇203日语的初试及复试经验贴，一方面为大家解除疑惑的同时，另一方面也给自己攒攒人品。

卤煮即准备过201英语一，也准备过203日语，所以对两门外语的考试也非常了解。

卤煮日语是几乎自学的（考研日语培训过一个月，不过老师是督促性质的），所以相对于很多日语专业的人来说只是个半路出家的，虽然英语过了六级，但是看到英语总有种莫名的恐惧和怕怕的感觉。

人民大学经济学院的考生都是很强的（当然别的学院也都很强），千万不要蔑视你的竞争对手，英语或日语考个70绝不是什么高分，当然80以上还算高。

卤煮一战复试时认识的几个战友，英语都考了70以上，有一个82的，而且她们还觉得自己英语一般，嘿嘿，卤煮知道他们是谦虚啦。

全国统考初试（中国大学院生入学試験第一回）1、201英语一VS 203日语（表格后是具体分析）项目201英语一203日语完形（基础知识）20X 0.5，填词20X 1,词汇、语法辨析、注音篇章阅读20X 2，文章较短（经济等社会科学、自然科学等报刊文章）20X 2文章较长（社会人文科学社论，日本文化，散文和小说）新题型2X 5，排序恶心，任务型阅读简单无翻译2X 5，词汇变态，语法结构复杂，句子短3X 5，单词不难，语法结构复杂，句子长小作文10，应用文写作无大作文20，看图作文，容易离题，主题较为形象（日常话题）25，话题作文，不容易离题，主题比较抽象（与日本特色相关）【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官方网站：2难度高于六级，小于专八阅读：高于N1长篇，完形：N2-N1，翻译和阅读：介于专四专八词汇要求5500：一词多义7500：一般是一词一意，音读词多，便于记忆全国均分45左右，80以上是绝对高分各考区差异很大，统计为55左右，85以上绝对高分单科线外国语科目统一，小语种不单独划线外国语科目统一，小语种不单独划线篇章阅读，得阅读者得天下文章内容：英语（经济类、社科类、自然科学类都有），日语（最主要是人文科学、日本社会、教育、散文、小说），日语文章相对于英语略难，而且长度很长，特别是散文和小说，一般出现在D 篇，基本靠蒙。

2013年广东财经大学(原商学院)考研试题 251日语

广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2013年考试科目代码及名称：251-日语适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、单项选择（10题，每题2分，共20分）(1)选择划线单词的假名或者日语汉字（请写清楚序号）１．斎藤さんは仕事に熱心な人だ。

①仕事 A.しこと B.しごと C.しこど D.しごど②熱心 A.ねつしん B.あつしん C.ねっしん D.ねつじん２．このあたりは交通が不便だ。

③交通 A.こうとう B.こつう C.こうと D.こうつう④不便 A.ふびん B.ふへん C.ふべん D.ふぺん３．彼女は台所でおさらを洗っています。

⑤台所 A.だいところ B.だいどころC.たいところD.たいところ⑥さら A.皿 B.盤 C.番 D.碗４．ハワイしゅっしんの彼は今日本で大かつやくしている。

⑦しゅっしん A.主身 B.出身 C.出生 D.主心⑧かつやく A.活躍 B.活発 C.勝躍 D.活動５．今のところひがいのほうこくはない。

⑨ひがい A.受害 B.被蓋 C.被害 D.被外⑩ほうこく A.方告 B.法告 C.豊告 D.報告(2)选择适合的词６．＿＿＿＿食事の時間です。

A.それぞれB.ぜんぜんC.しばしばD.そろそろ７．食欲がないから、も食べたくないです。

A. なんB. なにC. どれD. どの８．牛丼の作り方、＿＿＿教えてください。

A.まだB.もうC.またD.ぜひ９．田中さんはスポーツ上手ではありませんでした。

A.がB.にC.でD.の１０．今日は特に寒いので、このコートはぜんぜん＿＿＿ないです。

A.すずしくB.あたたかくC.きれいではD.ゆうめいでは二、句型选词填空（10题，每题2分，共20分）１．外は寒い、家で休みます。

A.からB.までC.けどD.が２．週末はだいたい家でテレビをみたり、本をします。

A.読んたりB.読んだりC.読みたりD.読むだり３．みなさん、これから二週間の農家生活をください。

广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷613-英语水平考试

广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2017年考试科目代码及名称：613-英语水平考试适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］I. Cloze 完形填空（30题，每题1分，共30分）Direction : There are 3 passages below. Read each of them and choose the proper word from the word list to fill in each of the blanks in the passages. Each word can be used only once.Passage 1Two of the most frustrating things about driving a car are getting lost and getting stuck in traffic. While the computer revolution is (1)_____to cure these problems, it will have a positive impact. Sensors in your car tuned to radio signals from (2)____satellites can locate your car (3)_____at any moment and warn of traffic jams. We already have twenty-four Navstar satellites orbiting the earth, making up what is called the Global Positioning System. They make it possible to determine your(4)_______on the earth to within about a hundred feet. At any (5)______time, there are several GPS satellites orbiting overhead at a distance of about 11,000 miles. Each satellite cont ains four “atomic clocks,” which (6)_____ at a precise frequency, according to the laws of the quantum theory.As a satellite passes overhead, it sends out a radio (7)___that can be detected by a receiver in a car’s computer. The car’s computer can then (8)___how far the satellite is by (9)____how long it took for the signal to arrive. Since the speed of light is well known, any delay in receivin g the satellite’s signal can be (10)_____into a distance.Passage 2More than 30 million cars and trucks nationwide are (1) with dangerously(2)____air bags, congressional officials say, a number that raises questions about whether the US (3)____industry can handle what could become the largest recall in history.Federal safety (4)____have recalled only 7.8 million vehicles over the defect in a few states, a limited action that (5)____said Thursday was vastly insufficient to(6)____what they deemed “a public safety threat”.Two senators demanded a much (7)____recall that would cover everyaffectedvehicle nationwide. (8)_____a recall of that magnitude ---- including best-selling models from Honda, Toyota, GM, Chrysler and six other companies (9)____ 2002 to 2007 ---- could prove far (10)_____than the industry has ever managed.Passage 3Britain is not just one country and one people; even if some of its inhabitants think so. Britain is, in fact, a nation which can be divided into several (1) __ parts, each part being an individual country with its own language, character and cultural (2) __. Thus Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales do not claim to (3) __ to "England" because their inhabitants are not (4) __ "English". They are Scottish, Irish or Welsh and many of them prefer to speak their own native tongue, which in turn is (5) __ to the others.These cultural minorities(少数民族) have been Britain’s original inhabitants. In varying degrees they have managed to (6) __ their national characteristics, and their particular customs and way of life. This is probably even more true of the (7) __ areas where traditional life has not been so affected by the (8)__ of industrialism as the border areas have been. The Celtic races are said to be more emotional by nature than the English. An Irish temper is legendary. The Scots could rather (9) __ about their reputation for excessive thrift and prefer to be remembered for their folk songs and dances, while the Welsh are famous for their singing. The Celtic (10)__ as a whole produces humorous writers and artists, such as the Irish Bernard Shaw, the Scottish Robert Burns, and the Welsh Dylan Thomas, to mention but a few.II. Proofreading and error correction 改错题 (15题，每题2分，共30分)Directions:The following passage contains 15 errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. Correct the errors and write the answers on your answer sheet.What is corporate culture? At its most basic, it’s described like (1) ____the personality of an organization, or simply as “how things aredone around here.” It guides what employees think, act, and feel. (2)_____ Corporate culture is a wide term used to define the unique (3) _____personality or character of a particular company or organization,and include such elements as core values and beliefs, corporate (4) _____ ethics, and rules of behavior. Corporate culture can express (5) _____in the company’s mission statement and other communications,in the architectural style or interior decoration, by what people wearto work, by how people address to each other, and in the titles given (6) _____ various employees. How do you uncover the corporate culture of (7) _____a potential employer? The truth is that you will never really knowthe corporate culture after you have worked at the company for a (8)______ number of months, but you can get close to them through research (9)______and observation. Understanding culture is a two-steps process, (10) _____ starting with the research before the interview and ending (11)______ with observation at the interview. The bottom line is thatyou are going to spend a lot of time on the work environment-(12)______ and to be happy, success, and productive, you will want to (13)______be in a place where you fit for the culture, a place where you (14)______ can have voice, be respected, and have opportunities for (15)______ growth.III. Gap-filling 选词填空题（15题，每题2分，共30分）Directions: Fill in the following blanks with the correct words given according to the meanings of the sentences.1. Environmentalists are doing everything within their power to ________ theimpact of the oil spill.A. minimizeB. belittleC. rejectD. reclaim2. T opics for conversation should be ________ to the experiences and interests of thestudents.A. satisfiedB. relevantC. concernedD. concentrated3. T hey said the operation had been successful and they expected his wife to________.A. bring aboutB. pull throughC. carry onD. put up4. W e could tell that she was still ________ something and it was our job to find outwhat.A. cancelingB. shelteringC. concealingD. settling5. Y ou are legally ________ to take faulty goods back to the store where you boughtthem.A. assignedB. entitledC. acclaimedD. remained6. H is knowledge of English is ________ for the job, although he is not fluent in thelanguage.A. justifiedB. reliableC. adequateD. assured7. T he scientists have been ________ the necessary funds for their research program.A. desiredB. neglectedC. declinedD. denied8. T here is always a ________ that the legal system is designed to suit lawyers ratherthan to protect the public.A. confidenceB. faithC. deceptionD. suspicion9. A spokesman of Ministry of Agriculture said that a series of policies would beimplemented to ________ the development of agriculture.A. demoteB. promoteC. decreaseD. increase10. A dark suit is ________ to a light one for evening wear.A. favorableB. suitableC. properD. preferable11. The foreign company has been ________ running this factory for decades.A. enormouslyB. effectivelyC. infinitelyD. extremely12. I’m not sick; ________, I’m in the peak of health.A. to be honestB. on the contraryC. to my delightD. on all sides13. By a ________ of good luck, Gene, who had been buried in the rubble for morethan 26 hours, came out alive.A. strokeB. hitC. strikeD. blow14. A dvertising is an intensely ________ business.A. competitiveB. aggressiveC. adventurousD. lucrative15. She was _______ upset to find that she failed in the final examination.A. somehowB. somewayC. somewhatD. somewhereIV. Reading Comprehension 阅读理解（30题，每题2分，共60分）Directions: In this section, there six reading passages followed by a total of thirty multiple-choice questions. Read the passages carefully and then choose the correct answer.Passage 1 The Birth of Photography【1】Perceptions of the visible world were greatly altered by the invention of photography in the middle of the nineteenth century. In particular, and quite logically, the art of painting was forever changed, though not always in the ways one might have expected. The realistic and naturalistic painters of the mid- and late-nineteenth century were all intently aware of photography—as a thing to use, to learn from, and react to.【2】Unlike most major inventions, photography had been long and impatiently awaited. The images produced by the camera obscura, a boxlike device that used a pinhole or lens to throw an image onto a ground-glass screen or a piece of white paper, were already familiar—the device had been much employed by topographical artists like the Italian painter Canaletto in his detailed views of the city of Venice. What was lacking was a way of giving such images permanent form. This was finally achieved by Louis Daguerre (1787-1851), who perfected a way of fixing them on a silvered copper plate. His discovery, the "daguerreotype," was announced in 1839.【3】A second and very different process was patented by the British inventor William Henry Talbot (1800-1877) in 1841. Talbot's "calotype" was the first negative-to-positive process and the direct ancestor of the modern photograph. The calotype was revolutionary in its use of chemically treated paper in which areas hit by light became dark in tone, producing a negative image. This "negative," as Talbot called it, could then be used to print multiple positive images on another piece of treated paper.【4】The two processes produced very different results. The daguerreotype was a unique image that reproduced what was in front of the camera lens in minute, unselective detail and could not be duplicated. The calotype could be made in series, and was thus the equivalent of an etching or an engraving. Its general effect was soft edged and tonal.【5】One of the things that most impressed the original audience for photography was the idea of authenticity. Nature now seemed able to speak for itself, with a minimum of interference. The title Talbot chose for his book, The Pencil of Nature (the first part of which was published in 1844), reflected this feeling. Artists were fascinated by photography because it offered a way of examining the world in much greater detail. They were also afraid of it, because it seemed likely to make their own efforts unnecessary.【6】Photography did indeed make certain kinds of painting obsolete—the daguerreotype virtually did away with the portrait miniature. It also made the whole business of making and owning images democratic. Portraiture, once a luxury for the privileged few, was suddenly well within the reach of many more people.【7】In the long term, photography's impact on the visual arts was far from simple. Because the medium was so prolific, in the sense that it was possible to produce a multitude of images very cheaply, it was soon treated as the poor relation of fine art, rather than its destined successor. Even those artists who were most dependent on photography became reluctant to admit that they made use of it, in case thiscompromised their professional standing.【8】The rapid technical development of photography—the introduction of lighter and simpler equipment, and of new emulsions that coated photographic plates, film, and paper and enabled images to be made at much faster speeds—had some unanticipated consequences. Scientific experiments made by photographers such as Eadweard Muybridge (1830-1904) and Etienne-Jules Marey (1830-1904) demonstrated that the movements of both humans and animals differed widely from the way they had been traditionally represented in art. Artists, often reluctantly, were forced to accept the evidence provided by the camera. The new candid photography—unposed pictures that were made when the subjects were unaware that their pictures were being taken—confirmed these scientific results, and at the same time, thanks to the radical cropping (trimming) of images that the camera often imposed, suggested new compositional formats. The accidental effects obtained by candid photographers were soon being copied by artists such as the French painter Degas.1.What can be inferred from paragraphs 1 and 2 about the effect of photography on nineteenth-century painting?A. Photography did not significantly change the way people looked at reality.B. Most painters used the images of the camera obscura in preference to those of the daguerreotype.C. Painters who were concerned with realistic or naturalistic representation were particularly influenced by photography.D. Artists used the long-awaited invention of photography in just the ways they had expected to.2. According to paragraphs 2 and 3 which of the following did the daguerreotype and the calotype have in common?A. They were equally useful for artists.B. They could be reproduced.C. They produced a permanent imageD. They were produced on treated paper.3. The word "authenticity" in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning toA. improvement.B. practicality.C. genuineness.D. repetition.4.What point does the author make in paragraph 6?A. Paintings became less expensive because of competition with photography.B. Photography, unlike painting, was a type of portraiture that even ordinary people could afford.C. Every style of painting was influenced by the invention of photography.D. The daguerreotype was more popular than the calotype.5.It can be inferred from paragraph 8 that one effect that photography had on painting was that itA.provided painters with new insights into how humans and animals actually move.B.showed that representing movement could be as interesting as portrait art.C.increased the appeal of painted portraiture among the wealthy.D.influenced artists to improve techniques for painting faster.Passage 2 Early Settlements in the Southwest Asia【1】The universal global warming at the end of the Ice Age had dramatic effects on temperate regions of Asia, Europe, and North America. Ice sheets retreated and sea levels rose. The climatic changes in southwestern Asia were more subtle, in that they involved shifts in mountain snow lines, rainfall patterns, and vegetation cover. However, these same cycles of change had momentous impacts on the sparse human populations of the region. At the end of the Ice Age, no more than a few thousand foragers lived along the eastern Mediterranean coast, in the Jordan and Euphrates valleys. Within 2,000 years, the human population of the region numbered in the tens of thousands, all as a result of village life and farming. Thanks to new environmental and archaeological discoveries, we now know something about this remarkable change in local life.【2】Pollen samples from freshwater lakes in Syria and elsewhere tell us forest cover expanded rapidly at the end of the Ice Age, for the southwestern Asian climate was still cooler and considerably wetter than today. Many areas were richer in animal and plant species than they are now, making them highly favorable for human occupation. About 9000 B.C., most human settlements lay in the area along the Mediterranean coast and in the Zagros Mountains of Iran and their foothills. Some local areas, like the Jordan River valley, the middle Euphrates valley, and some Zagros valleys, were more densely populated than elsewhere. Here more sedentary and more complex societies flourished. These people exploited the landscape intensively, foraging on hill slopes for wild cereal grasses and nuts, while hunting gazelle and other game on grassy lowlands and in river valleys. Their settlements contain exotic objects such as seashells, stone bowls, and artifacts made of obsidian (volcanic glass), all traded from afar. This considerable volume of intercommunity exchange brought a degree of social complexity in its wake.【3】Thanks to extremely fine-grained excavation and extensive use of flotation methods (through which seeds are recovered from soil samples), we know a great deal about the foraging practices of the inhabitants of Abu Hureyra in Syria's Euphrates valley. Abu Hureyra was founded about 9500B.C, a small village settlement of cramped pit dwellings (houses dug partially in the soil) with reed roofs supported by wooden uprights. For the next 1,500 years, its inhabitants enjoyed a somewhat warmer and damper climate than today, living in a well-wooded steppe area where wild cereal grasses were abundant. They subsisted off spring migrations of Persian gazelles from the south. With such a favorable location, about 300 to 400 people lived in a sizable, permanent settlement. They were no longer a series of small bands but lived in a large community with more elaborate social organization, probably grouped into clans of people of common descent.【4】The flotation samples from the excavations allowed botanists to study shifts in plant-collecting habits as if they were looking through a telescope at a changing landscape. Hundreds of tiny plant remains show how the inhabitants exploited nutharvests in nearby pistachio and oak forests. However, as the climate dried up, the forests retreated from the vicinity of the settlement. The inhabitants turned to wild cereal grasses instead, collecting them by the thousands, while the percentage of nuts in the diet fell. By 8200B.C., drought conditions were so severe that the people abandoned their long-established settlement, perhaps dispersing into smaller camps. 【5】Five centuries later, about 7700B.C., a new village rose on the mound. At first the inhabitants still hunted gazelle intensively. Then, about 7000 B.C., within the space of a few generations, they switched abruptly to herding domesticated goats and sheep and to growing einkorn, pulses, and other cereal grasses. Abu Hureyra grew rapidly until it covered nearly 30 acres. It was a close-knit community of rectangular, one-story mud-brick houses, joined by narrow lanes and courtyards, finally abandoned about 5000 B.C.. Many complex factors led to the adoption of the new economies, not only at Abu Hureyra, but at many other locations such as 'Ain Ghazal, also in Syria, where goat toe bones showing the telltale marks of abrasion caused by foot tethering (binding) testify to early herding of domestic stock.6. The word "momentous" in the passage (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning toA. numerous.B. regular.C. very important.D. very positive.7. Major climatic changes occurred by the end of the Ice Age in all of the following geographic areas EXCEPTA. temperate regions of Asia.B. southwestern Asia.C. North America.D. Europe.8. Why does the author mention "seashells, stone bowls, and artifacts made of obsidian" in paragraph 2?A. To give examples of objects obtained through trade with other societies.B. To illustrate the kinds of objects that are preserved in a cool climate.C. To provide evidence that the organization of work was specialized.D. To give examples of the artistic ability of local populations.9. Paragraph 4 suggests that the people of Abu Hureyra abandoned their long-established settlement becauseA. the inhabitants had cleared all the trees from the forests.B. wild cereal grasses took over pistachio and oak forests.C. people wanted to explore new areas.D. lack of rain caused food shortages.10. According to paragraph 5, after 7000 B.C. the settlement of Abu Hureyra differed from earlier settlements at that location in all of the following EXCEPTA. the domestication of animals.B. the intensive hunting of gazelle.C. the size of the settlement.D. the design of the dwellings.Passage 3 Children and Advertising【1】Young children are trusting of commercial advertisements in the media, and advertisers have sometimes been accused of taking advantage of this trusting outlook. The Independent Television Commission, regulator of television advertising in the United Kingdom, has criticized advertisers for "misleadingness"—creating a wrong impression either intentionally or unintentionally—in an effort to control advertisers' use of techniques that make it difficult for children to judge the true size, action, performance, or construction of a toy.【2】General concern about misleading tactics that advertisers employ is centered on the use of exaggeration. Consumer protection groups and parents believe that children are largely ill-equipped to recognize such techniques and that often exaggeration is used at the expense of product information. Claims such as "the best" or "better than" can be subjective and misleading; even adults may be unsure as to their meaning. They represent the advertiser's opinions about the qualities of their products or brand and, as a consequence, are difficult to verify. Advertisers sometimes offset or counterbalance an exaggerated claim with a disclaimer—a qualification or condition on the claim. For example, the claim that breakfast cereal has a health benefit may be accompanied by the disclaimer "when part of a nutritionally balanced breakfast." However, research has shown that children often have difficulty understanding disclaimers: children may interpret the phrase "when part of a nutritionally balanced breakfast" to mean that the cereal is required as a necessary part of a balanced breakfast. The author George Comstock suggested that less than a quarter of children between the ages of six and eight years old understood standard disclaimers used in many toy advertisements and that disclaimers are more readily comprehended when presented in both audio and visual formats. Nevertheless, disclaimers are mainly presented in audio format only.【3】Fantasy is one of the more common techniques in advertising that could possibly mislead a young audience. Child-oriented advertisements are more likely to include magic and fantasy than advertisements aimed at adults. In a content analysis of Canadian television, the author Stephen Kline observed that nearly all commercials for character toys featured fantasy play. Children have strong imaginations and the use of fantasy brings their ideas to life, but children may not be adept enough to realize that what they are viewing is unreal. Fantasy situations and settings are frequently used to attract children's attention, particularly in food advertising. Advertisements for breakfast cereals have, for many years, been found to be especially fond of fantasy techniques, with almost nine out of ten including such content. Generally, there is uncertainty as to whether very young children can distinguish between fantasy and reality in advertising. Certainly, rational appeals in advertising aimed at children are limited, as most advertisements use emotional and indirect appeals to psychological states or associations.【4】The use of celebrities such as singers and movie stars is common in advertising. The intention is for the positively perceived attributes of the celebrity to be transferred to the advertised product and for the two to become automatically linked in the audience's mind. In children's advertising, the "celebrities" are often animated figuresfrom popular cartoons. In the recent past, the role of celebrities in advertising to children has often been conflated with the concept of host selling. Host selling involves blending advertisements with regular programming in a way that makes it difficult to distinguish one from the other. Host selling occurs, for example, when a children's show about a cartoon lion contains an ad in which the same lion promotes a breakfast cereal. The psychologist Dale Kunkel showed that the practice of host selling reduced children's ability to distinguish between advertising and program material. It was also found that older children responded more positively to products in host selling advertisements.【5】Regarding the appearance of celebrities in advertisements that do not involve host selling, the evidence is mixed. Researcher Charles Atkin found that children believe that the characters used to advertise breakfast cereals are knowledgeable about cereals, and children accept such characters as credible sources of nutritional information. This finding was even more marked for heavy viewers of television. In addition, children feel validated in their choice of a product when a celebrity endorses that product. A study of children in Hong Kong, however, found that the presence of celebrities in advertisements could negatively affect the children's perceptions of a product if the children did not like the celebrity in question.11. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as being a difficult judgment for children to make about advertised toys?A. How big the toys are?B. How much the toys cost?C. What the toys can do?D. How the toys are made?12. The word “verify” in the passage is closest in meaning toA. establish the truth of.B. approve of.C. understand.D. criticize.13. Cereal advertisements that include the statement “when part of a nutritionally balanced breakfast” are trying to suggest thatA. the cereal is a desirable part of a healthful, balanced breakfast.B. the cereal contains equal amounts of all nutrients.C. cereal is a healthier breakfast than other foods are.D. the cereal is the most nutritious part of the breakfast meal.14. The word “adept”(Paragraph 3)in the passage is cl osest in meaning toA. responsible.B. skillful.C. patient.D. curious.15. In paragraph 4, why does the author mention a show about a cartoon lion in which an advertisement appears featuring the same lion character?A. To help explain what is meant by th e term "host selling” and why it can be misleading to children.B. To explain why the role of celebrities in advertising aimed at children has often been confused with host selling.C. To compare the effectiveness of using animated figures with the effectiveness of using celebrities in advertisements aimed at children.D. To indicate how Kunkel first became interested in studying the effects of host selling on children.Passage 4 Methods of Studying Infant Perception In the study of perceptual abilities of infants, a number of techniques are used to determine infants' responses to various stimuli. Because they cannot verbalize or fill out questionnaires, indirect techniques of naturalistic observation are used as the primary means of determining what infants can see, hear, feel, and so forth. Each of these methods compares an infant's state prior to the introduction of a stimulus with its state during or immediately following the stimulus. The difference between the two measures provides the researcher with an indication of the level and duration of the response to the stimulus. For example, if a uniformly moving pattern of some sort is passed across the visual field of a neonate (newborn), repetitive following movements of the eye occur. The occurrence of these eye movements provides evidence that the moving pattern is perceived at some level by the newborn. Similarly, changes in the infant's general level of motor activity —turning the head, blinking the eyes, crying, and so forth — have been used by researchers as visual indicators of the infant's perceptual abilities.Such techniques, however, have limitations. First, the observation may be unreliable in that two or more observers may not agree that the particular response occurred, or to what degree it occurred. Second, responses are difficult to quantify. Often the rapid and diffuse movements of the infant make it difficult to get an accurate record of the number of responses. The third, and most potent, limitation is that it is not possible to be certain that the infant's response was due to the stimulus presented or to a change from no stimulus to a stimulus. The infant may be responding to aspects of the stimulus different than those identified by the investigator. Therefore, when observational assessment is used as a technique for studying infant perceptual abilities, care must be taken not to over-generalize from the data or to rely on one or two studies as conclusive evidence of a particular perceptual ability of the infant.Observational assessment techniques have become much more sophisticated, reducing the limitations just presented. Film analysis of the infant's responses, heart and respiration rate monitors, and nonnutritive sucking devices are used as effective tools in understanding infant perception. Film analysis permits researchers to carefully study the infant's responses over and over and in slow motion. Precise measurements can be made of the length and frequency of the infant's attention between two stimuli. Heart and respiration monitors provide the investigator with the number of heartbeats or breaths taken when a new stimulus is presented. Numerical。

2014年浙江财经大学251二外日语考研试题

2013年攻读浙江财经学院硕士学位研究生入学考试试题科目代码：251 科目名称：二外日语答案请写答题纸上文字・語彙（25点）問題一、次の下線の付いた言葉はどう読みますか。

解答用紙に書きなさい／下面的单词怎么读？答案请写在答题纸上。

（10×1点＝10点）1. ご案内をどうもありがとうございました。

（）2. 明日お伺いするつもりです。

（）3. こんなよい機会は二度と来ないだろう。

（）4. 午後空港へお客さんを出迎えに行きます。

（）5. 若い時によく勉強しなかったのが残念です。

（）6. 寂しかったら、いつでも遊びにいらっしゃい。

（）7. 週末を山の別荘で過ごそうと思います。

（）8. 今度のヨーロッパ旅行を楽しみにしています。

（）9. 文句ばかり並べていないで少しは仕事をしろ。

（）10. こういうことを君に頼むのは無理かもしれません。

（）問題二、次の下線の付いた言葉はどう書きますか。

解答用紙に書きなさい／下面的单词怎么写？答案请写在答题纸上。

（10×1点＝10点）11．体の具合が悪いですから、いしゃにみてもらいます。

（）12．食事をする前に、必ず手をあらってください。

（）13．私たちがからい料理が食べたかったです。

（）14. 姉は日本けいざいにたいへん興味を持っています。

（）15. 一度におおぜいの人が休んではこまります。

（）16. 宿舎から食堂までじてんしゃで５分くらいかかります。

（）17. 母は今だいどころで夕食の支度をしています。

（）18. バレーボールとピンポンとどちらがとくいですか。

（）19. あの白いぼうしをかぶっている人は趙さんのお父さんです。

（）20. 大学で習った会話が留学生活にやくだちました。

（）問題三、（）にどの言葉を入れるか。

選択肢のA、B、C、Dの中から一つ選び、第 1 页共 7 页一番適当なものだと思う番号に印を解答用紙に付けなさい／括号里应该填什么词？从A、B、C、D中选择一个最恰当的词，并将符号写在答题纸上。

2015年广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷804-英美文学

广东财经大学普通语言学考研真题试题2009——2015年

广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2009年考试科目代码及名称：603-普通语言学适用专业：050201-英语语言文学一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）1. category2. semantic components3. schemata4. linguistic universality5. duality6. metalingual function7. minmal pair8. inflection9. cooperative principle10. validity二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully and decide whether it is true or false. Write T for true and F for false in the bracket.1.( )The Chinese expressions “吃饭了吗？” “家里都好吗？” “这是去哪啊？” etc. are examples of displacement.2. ( )Gradable antonymy is the sense relation between two antonyms which differ in terms of degree while complementary antonymy is the sense relation between two antonyms which are complementary to each other.3. ( )In the example: “He couldn’t open the door. It was locked tight”, the relation between “the door” and “It” is that of substitution.4. ( )A phoneme in one language or one dialect may be an allophone in another language or dialect.5. ( )A speaker flouts the Maxim of Quantity when his contributions to the conversation are not truthful.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. 1. Find the sources of the following blends. (1 point for each)1) smash 2) workaholic 3) modem 4) medicare5) motel 6) brunch 7) spam 8) chunnel2. Indicate the category of each word in the following sentences. (2 points for each)1) The instructor told the students to study.2) The Jet landed on the ground.3) That glass suddenly broke.4) The travelers are waiting for the train.3. What are the presuppositions that the following sentences may contain?(2 points for each)1) She regretted not accepting the gift from Tony.2) The pregnant teacher went on holiday.3) Where did he buy the beer?4) She wants more popcorn.4. The following conversational fragment is to some degree odd. To what extent can the oddness be explained by reference to Grice’s CP and maxims?A: Have you seen Peter today?B: Well, if I didn’t denying seeing him I wouldn’t be telling a lie.5. Give an example to illustrate the recursive nature of language that provides a theoretical basis for the creativity of language.四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1. What are special features of Systemic-functional linguistics and TG Grammar? Comment them briefly.2. Why do modern linguists put the priority of synchronic study over the diachronic study in linguistics?广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷(A)考试年度：2010年考试科目代码及名称：603-普通语言学适用专业：050201-英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）1. The theory of metafunctions of language2. Distinctive feature3. Open-class word4. Syntagmatic / horizontal / chain relation5. Selection restrictions6. Cohort theory7. Linguistic relativism8. Contextual meaning9. Indirect thought10. External evaluation二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1.( )Chomsky distinguished the linguistic competence ofthe speaker and the actual phenomena or data of linguistics (utterances) as language and parole.2.( )Formalism sees as a central task for linguists characterizing the formal relationships among grammaticalelements independently of any characterization of thesemantic and pragmatic properties. In contrast,functionalism rejects that task on the grounds that the function of conveying meaning in its broad sense has so affected grammatical form that it is senseless to communicate to compartmentalize it.3. ( )Structurally, a word is the smallest unit because many words cannot be separated into even smaller meaningful units.4. ( )Theme and rheme belong to functional analysis of the sentence and subject and predicate belong to formal analysis of the sentence. Mathesius believes that they are not the same and should be strictly distinguished from each other.5. ( )According to Leech, conceptual meaning makes up the central part of meaning. It is connotative in that it is concerned with the relationship between a word and the thing it refers to. In this sense, conceptual meaning overlaps to a large extent with the notion of reference.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. What is the distinction between the endocentric compound and the exocentric compound?2. What is the difference between descriptive and prescriptive study?3. What is the functional sentence perspective?4. What is componential analysis?5. What are the Q-principle and the R-principle developed by L. Horn?四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1.What are the Q-, I-, and M-principles proposed by S. Levinson?2.What is the difference between traditional grammar and modern linguistics, transformational-generative grammar and systemic-functional linguistics?广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷(A)考试年度：2011年考试科目代码及名称：603-普通语言学适用专业：050201-英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）1. interlanguage2. blending3. assimilation4. concord5. connotation6. frequency effect7. validity8. the textual function9. direct thought10. proficient test二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1.( ) Systematic grammar is based on the assumption thatgrammatical categories should be defined not in terms ofmeaning but in terms of distribution, and that thestructure of each language should be described withoutreference to the alleged universality of such categories astense, mood and parts of speech.2.( ) Chomsky once thought that sentences like the activeand the passive, the declarative and the interrogative, antthe positive and the passive, are each derive from the samedeep structure. The difference between them simply comesfrom the operation of relevant transformations.3. ( ) Morphology studies the internal structure of words,and the rules by which words are formed.4. ( ) The conception of language input as a way topromote language acquisition is to some extent in line withthe so called constructivism a constructivist view oflanguage argues that language is socially constructed.5. ( )Immediate constituent analysis is a kind ofgrammatical analysis which divides a sentence to parts and then cut these parts into two and continue with this segmentation until we reach the smallest grammatical unit, the morphemes.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. What is the distinction between MT and human translation?2. What is the theory of communicative competence?3. What is the interpersonal function and how is it realized?4. What is the major features of schemata?5. Please choose the most appropriate maxim you believe to analyze the following dialogue briefly:A: Let’s get the kids something.B: Okey, but I veto I-C-E-C-R-E-A-M-S.四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1. What contribution did Saussure make to modern linguistics?2. What are the ‘linguistic relativity’and ‘linguistic determinism’? And what insight have the two assumptions brought to us?广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2012年考试科目代码及名称：613-普通语言学适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）1. arbitrariness2. syntax3. competence4. prescriptive5. semantic component6. acronym7. cohesion8. denotation9. phoneme 10. derivation二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. ( ) Morpheme is the smallest unit of language in terms of the relationship between expression and content, a unit that cannot be divided into further smaller units without destroying or drastically altering the meaning.2. ( ) In speech act, the sense in which to say something can mean to do something concerns the consequential effects of a locution upon the hearer, which can be called a illocutionary act.3. ( ) Phonology is the study of the sound patterns and sound systems of languages. It aims to discover the principles that govern the way sounds are organized in languages, and to explain the variations that occur.4. ( ) Generative semantics was developed as a creation to Chomsky’s syntactic-based TG Grammar. This theory considers that all sentences are generated from a semantic structure. Linguists working within this theory hold that there is essential distinction between syntactic processes and semantic processes.5. ( ) Corpus is a collection of linguistic data, either compiled as written texts or as a transcription of recorded speech.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. What is Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis?2. What is contrastive analysis?3. What is the INPUT Hypothesis?4. Please choose the most appropriate maxim you believe to analyze the following dialogue briefly:A: Where is Liming?B: He’s gone to the library. He said so when he left.5. What is the definition of cognitive linguistics?四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1. What is the tradition and special features of systemic- functional linguistics?2. What are the special features of American Struralism?广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2013年考试科目代码及名称：613-普通语言学适用专业：050201-英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）1. macrolinguistics2. blending3. diphthong4. aspect5. reference6. cooperative principle7. Indo-European family8. taboo9. CALL 10. corpus linguistics二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. （）Halliday’s linguistic potential is similar to the notions of parole and performance.2. （）Descriptive linguists are concerned with how language work, not with how they can be improved.3. （）The word “hour” contains a diphthong and a pure vowel.4. （）The concept “competence” originally refers to the grammatical knowledge of the ideal language user and has nothing to do with the actual use of language in concrete situation.5. （）All words contain a root morpheme.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. What are the major design features of language?2. What are the methods for the addition of new words in the English language?3. Exemplify the relationship between phone, phoneme and allophone.4. Distinguish the two possible meanings of “more beautiful flowers” by means of IC analysis.5. What is the difference between meaning, concept, connotation and denotation?四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1. How do you understand the saying that language is symbolic?2. In what way can corpus data contribute to lexical studies?广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2014年考试科目代码及名称：613-普通语言学适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）1. pragmatics2. diachronic linguistics3. allophones4. morpheme5. cohesion6. cognitive linguistics7. hyponymy 8. contrastive analysis9. American structuralism 10. Language Acquisition Device (LAD)二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. The Cooperative Principle, an important pragmatic principle proposed by P. Grice, aims to explain how we mean more than we say.2. Phonetics studies the rules governing the structure, distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables.3. [m] is a “bilabial lateral”, [j] a “palatal approximant”, and [h] a “glottal fricative”.4. Relevance is a matter of degree. The larger effect produced, the greater the relevance; the smaller effort cost, the greater the relevance.5. Exocentric construction is one whose distribution is functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents, i.e., a word or a group of words, which serves as a definable centre or head.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. What is the major difference between Saussure’s distinction between langue and parole and Chomsky’s distinction between competence and performance?2. Divide the following words into Roots, IA (inflectional affix) and/or DA (derivational affix). e.g. transformations: trans (DA)- form (Root) –ation (DA) -s (IA)1) unconscious 2) earthquakes 3) misled 4) geese3. Distinguish the two possible meanings of “more complicated examinations” by means of IC analysis.4. Draw a tree diagram according to PS rules to show the deep structure of the sentence: The kid broke a vase yesterday.5. Which of the Conversational Maxims is being violated in the following conversation?A: So you like icecream. What are your favourite flavours?B: Hamburger … fish and chips.四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1. What are the main differences between pragmatics and semantics?2. Explain the following remark with examples or make some comments:Each language articulates or organises the world differently. Languages do not simply name existing categories; they articulate their own.欢迎报考广东财经大学硕士研究生，祝你考试成功！（第 1 页共 1 页）广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2015年考试科目代码及名称：613-普通语言学适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）Duality Stress Morpheme Acronym CoordinationSynonymy Categorization Register Blending Phrase二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）( T or F)1. Endocentric construction is one whose distribution is functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents, which serves as a definable centre or head.2. Functional Grammar aims to explain the internal relations in language as a system network, or meaning potential. This network consists of subsystems from which language users make choices.3. Compound word refers to those words that consist of more than one lexical morpheme, or the way to join two separate words to produce a single new word, such as breakthrough, nonsmoker, self-control, dutyfree, booklet.4. From some book titles of linguistics such as (1) English Explained: Two Centuries of Comment on the Mother-Tongue, (2) Protean Shape: A Study in Eighteen-century Vocabulary and Usage, (3) Prejorative(Disapproval) Sense Development in English, we can judge their research methods: synchronic orientation is book (2) and book (3), and diachronic orientation book (1).5. A: Can you tell me where Mr. Smith’s office is? B: Yes, not here. In the above discourse, Speaker B is violated the Quantity Maxim of being as informative as is required.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. What is the cooperative principle proposed by H. Paul Grice?2. What are the features and merits of machine translation?3. What is communicative competence?4. What is Sapir-Whorf hypotheses?5. What does “cognition” mean?四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1. What is the essence of sociolinguistics? And what implication can we get from this discipline?2. What does Noam Chomsky mean by Language Acquisition Decice (LAD)? And What’s your comments on LAD?1。

2010年广东财经大学外国语学院613普通语言学考研真题【圣才出品】

2010年广东财经大学外国语学院603普通语言学考研真题一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）1.The theory of metafunctions of language2.Distinctive feature3.Open-class word4.Syntagmatic/horizontal/chain relation5.Selection restrictions6.Cohort theory7.Linguistic relativism8.Contextual meaning9.Indirect thought10.External evaluation二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1.()Chomsky distinguished the linguistic competence of the speaker and the actual phenomena or data of linguistics(utterances)as language and parole.2.()Formalism sees as a central task for linguists characterizing the formal relationships among grammatical elements independently of any characterization of the semantic and pragmatic properties.In contrast, functionalism rejects that task on the grounds that the function of conveying meaning in its broad sense has so affected grammatical form that it is senselessto communicate to compartmentalize it.3.()Structurally,a word is the smallest unit because many words cannot be separated into even smaller meaningful units.4.()Theme and rheme belong to functional analysis of the sentence and subject and predicate belong to formal analysis of the sentence.Mathesius believes that they are not the same and should be strictly distinguished from each other.5.()According to Leech,conceptual meaning makes up the central part of meaning.It is connotative in that it is concerned with the relationship between a word and the thing it refers to.In this sense,conceptual meaning overlaps to a large extent with the notion of reference.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1.What is the distinction between the endocentric compound and the exocentric compound?2.What is the difference between descriptive and prescriptive study?3.What is the functional sentence perspective?4.What is componential analysis?5.What are the Q-principle and the R-principle developed by L.Horn?四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1.What are the Q-,I-,and M-principles proposed by S.Levinson?2.What is the difference between traditional grammar and modern linguistics,transformational-generative grammar and systemic-functional linguistics?。

2015年广东外语外贸大学日语语言文学考研真题,考研重点,真题解析

② 930 面试 ③ 962 综合考试(同等学力加试） ④ 963 高级日语（同等学力加试）
05 中日比较文学丁国旗顾也力
陈多友
① 101 思想政治理论 ② 245 英语 ③ 628 日语水平考试
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② 245 英语 ③ 628 日语水平考试 ④ 806 日语写作与翻译
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开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】
① 964 日语语言学方向综合考试或日本文学方向综合考试或日本文化方向综合考试或中日比较文学
论述题在考研专业课中属于中等偏上难度的题目，考察对学科整体的把握和对知识点的灵活运用，进而运用理论知识来解决现实的问题。但是，如果我们能够洞悉论述题的本质，其实回答起来还是非常简单的。论述题，从本质上看，是考察队多个知识点的综合运用能力。因此，这就要求我们必须对课本的整体框架和参考书的作者的写书的内部逻辑。这一点是我们育明考研专业课讲授的重点，特别是对于跨专业的考生来说，要做到这一点，难度非常大。 2．育明考研答题攻略：论述题三步走答题法是什么——》为什么——》怎么样第一，论述题中重要的核心概念，要阐释清楚；论述题中重要的理论要点要罗列到位。这些是可以在书本上直接找到的，是得分点，也是进一步分析的理论基点。第二，要分析目前所存在问题出现的原因。这个部分，基本可以通过对课本中所涉及的问题进行总结而成。第三，提出自己合理化的建议。 3．育明教育答题示范例如：结合治理理论，谈谈我们政府改革。第一，阐释“治理”的定义，然后分段阐释“治理理论的核心主张，包括理论主张和政策主张”。第二，分析目前“政府改革”中存在的问题及其原因。第三，结合治理理论的理论和政策主张，并结合相关的一些理论提出自己的改革措施。我们育明考研经过长期摸索，总结了一套考研专业课答题模板。 4．危机应对

2015广东财经大学硕士复试真题之502财政学

欢迎报考广东财经大学硕士研究生，祝你考试成功！（第1页共1页）
广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷
考试年度：2015年考试科目代码及名称：F502-财政学
适用专业：020203-财政学试卷编号：A
［友情提醒：请在考场提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］
一、简答题（5题，每题10分，共50分）
1.财政的基本含义与特征。

2.税收的“三性”。

3.分级分税预算管理体制的内容。

4.国债的功能。

5.扩张性财政政策。

二、论述题（2题，每题25分，共50分）
1.公共物品的提供方式。

2.社会主义市场经济条件下的财政职能。

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2015年广东财经大学外国语学院251日语考研真题
广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷
考试年度：2015年考试科目代码及名称：251-日语
适用专业：050201 英语语言文学
［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、单项选择（20题，每项1分，共20分）
（1）この料理は辛くて食べられない。

１かさくて2くさくて3にがくて4からくて（2）晴れている日は、この山頂からすばらしい景色が見える。

1けいしき2けしき3けいいろ4けいろ（3）今から、防災訓練を行います。

1ぼうえん2ぼうさい3ほうえん4ほうさい（4）これからも様々な国との相互理解を深めていこうと思う。

1しょうご2しょうごう3そうご4そうごう
（5）学校の前に、郵便局があります。

１ゆうびんきょく２ゆびんきょく３ゆうべんきょく４ゆべんきょく（6）彼はとてもれいぎ正しいです。

1例期2意義3礼儀 4 礼義
（7）この店はでんとうの味を守り続けている。

1伝授2伝承3伝達4伝統
（8）大学に入学したあとで、一人でくらしています。

1幕らして2募らして3暮らして4墓らして
（9）そんなにあせらなくても大丈夫ですよ。

１焦らなくても2騒らなくても3競らなくても4暴らなくても（10）１１月4日に、うちの学校で運動会が行っていました。

1 いって2おこなって3ゆって4おこがって
（11）マリアさんは、いま大学のアパート＿＿住んでいます。

1を2に3へ4が
（1２）このチケットはだれ＿＿もらいましたか。

1へ2が3も4から
（13）昨日、映画館＿＿映画を見に行きました。

1は2が3で4へ
（1４）いま、お金＿＿ほしいですから、アルバイトをやっています。

1が2を3に4で
（1５）東京から富士山が見えますか。

ええ、いい天気＿＿見えますよ。

1に2が3なら4で
（1６）明日事務室の人＿＿連絡してください。

1を2は3が4に
（1７）王さんはフランス語＿＿＿できますか。

1が2は3に4も
(1８)今は、桜の花がきれい＿＿咲いています。

1で2×3に4を
(1９)大阪の歴史は京都＿＿古くありません。

1より2ほど3なら4ぐらい
(2０)すみませんが、今ちょっと忙しい＿＿＿。

1ては2なら3ので4でも
二、句型选词填空（10题，每题2分，共20分）
１、テレビを＿＿＿＿ながら、食事をします。

①みる②み③みない④みます
２、王さんは日本語が＿＿＿＿なりました。

①上手②上手だ③上手な④上手に
３、張さんは図書館へ本を＿＿＿に行きます。

①借り②借りる③貸す④貸し
４、今日は休みですから、学校へ＿＿＿＿なくてもいいです。

①いく②いき③いか④いって
５、もう少し＿＿＿＿いいですが。

①やすい②やすければ③やすくれば④やすくなければ
６、李さんはいま何をしていますか。

手紙を＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。

①書いています②書っています③書くています④書いでいます
７、暑くなりましたね。

窓を開けましょうか。

もう＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿よ。

①開けています②開いてあります③開けてあります④開けません
８、日曜日出かけませんでした。

家でテレビを＿＿＿＿、掃除を＿＿＿＿しました。

①見たり、すたり②見たり、したり③見だり、すたり④見たり、しだり
９、今日田中さんは学校に＿＿＿＿と思います。

①きない②くない③こない④きません
１０、すみません、歌を＿＿＿くださいませんか。

①うたう②うたい③うたった④うたって
三、阅读理解（2篇，每篇10分，共20分）
（一）阅读以下短文，从５个问项的①～④中选择最适合的答案（每项2分）
私の家では、１２月２６日に家族みんなでうちの大掃除をしました。

最初にだれが１を決めました。

天井と電灯の掃除は私がしました。

高いところに上がって２、危ないからです。

窓ガラスの掃除も私がしました。

お風呂とトイレとベランダ（阳台）の掃除は、二人の子供にさせました。

寒いから、子供たちはベランダの掃除３。

でも、私は「体を動かせば、暖かくなるよ」と言って、４。

妻は居間と台所の掃除で、いつも掃除しない家具や電気製品の後ろ側も掃除しました。

５、重いものは一人で動かすのは無理なので、子供たちに手伝わせました。

大掃除が終わって、家がとてもきれいになりました。

そして、家族全員一緒に外で夕食を食べました。

１
①何をやるか②いつするか
③
２
①掃除しなくてもいいので②掃除しなければならなくて
③掃除しないほうがいいので④掃除してはいけないので
３
①嫌でした②嫌です
③嫌いでした④嫌がっていました
４
①やりました②やりませんでした
③やらせました④やらせませんでした。

５
①なお②でも
③また④まず
（二）阅读以下短文，从５个问项的①～④中选择最适合的答案（每项2分）
テレビや雑誌では、よく「血液型性格判断」が取り上げられます。

これは、血液型によって性格が決まっている、言い換えれば、血液型がわかれば大体の性格もわかるという
です。

その血液型判断によると、人の性格は、A型、B型、0型、AB型の血液型ごとに決
まっているのだそうです。

しかし、この世界には何十億人もの人が、人の性
格をたった4。

血液型は親から子への遺伝によって、４種類のうち，どの型になるかが決まります。

は生まれてから死ぬまで、
に関して言えば、子どものときは我慢が苦手だった子が成長とともに我慢できるようになるといったことも少なくでしょう。

また、ある調査によると、自分に血液型がどんな性格かということを聞いて、知らないうちに自分の性格がその性格に近づいてしまっているということもあるそうです。

「わたしはA型だから、こういう性格なんだ」という思い込んで、性格が作られている可能
、性格と血液型に関係はあると言えるかもしれませんが、それは血液型で性格が決まるということではありません。

1 点
2 もの
3 場合
4 結果
1 A いるわけですから/ Ｂできたのではないかと考えます。

2 A いるわけですから/ Ｂできるのかと疑問に思います。

3 A いるからこそ/ Ｂ疑問に思われなかったのです。

4 A いるからこそ/ Ｂできなかったのだと考えられます。

1 ａ性格/b 血液型/c 血液型
2 ａ性格/b 血液型/c 性格
3 ａ血液型/b 性格/c 性格
4 ａ血液型/b 性格/c 血液型。