【解析】【2014朝阳一模】北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习 理综生物试题 Word版含解析

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2014朝阳一模 北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习 理科4份(语数英理综)

2014朝阳一模 北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习 理科4份(语数英理综)

北京市朝阳区高三年级第一次综合练习语文试卷2014.3(考试时间l50分钟满分l50分)本试卷共6页。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后,请交回答题卡。

一、本大题共5小题,每小题3分,共15分。

阅读下面文字,完成1~3题。

北京城是大气的。

这种大气首先体现在建筑上,不要说偌.大的一个紫禁城只住皇帝“一家人”,便是最不起眼的四合院,也是疏落有致,颇多空间的。

北京城的大气更体现在文化上,北京从来就是汉胡①,五方杂处.的地方,三教九流,五行八作,都在这里出入、汇集和发展,各种文化都在这里交流、碰撞和融合。

一个外地人,只要他到了北京,保准不会感到别扭;如果他还很随和,会说几句普通话,那么,用不了几天,他几乎就会觉得自己是个北京人了。

这就是北京:古老而又新鲜,博大而又精深,高远而又亲切,迷人而又难解。

它是单纯的,单纯得你一眼就能认出这就是北京;它又是多彩的,多彩得你永远无法一言以蔽之。

而无论久远深厚的历史也好,生机勃发的现实也好;豪雄甲的王气也好,醇厚平和的民风也好,只要你一走进北京,它们都会向你扑面而来,让你②。

你可能会惊异于现代都会的日新月异,也可能会流连于千年古都的乙深沉;可能会丙于文化名邑的清雅幽远,也可能会迷恋于民众舞台的柳暗花明。

所有这些,都会使一个初进北京的人感到无比的神奇,它会使你心旌摇荡,神志痴迷,不知所以。

可以这么说,任何试图读懂北京的人,一开始,都会有一种不得其门而入的感觉。

(取材于易中天《读城记》,有删改) 1.文中加点字的读音和填入①②处的词语的字形全都正确的一组是A.偌.(nuò)大杂揉五方杂处.(chǔ) 目不瑕接B.偌.(ruò)大杂糅五方杂处.(chǔ) 目不暇接C.偌.(nuò)大杂揉五方杂处.(chù)) 目不暇接D.偌.(ruò)大杂糅五方杂处.(chù) 目不瑕接2.依次填入文中甲、乙、丙处的词语,最恰当的一组是A.浩荡深厚沉湎B.浩瀚雄厚沉湎C.浩荡雄厚沉醉D.浩瀚深厚沉醉3.文中黑体字成语运用不恰当...的一项是A.一言以蔽之B.生机勃发C.柳暗花明D.不知所以4.下列四副对联中,最适宜用来迎接友人来访的一项是A.珠联璧合乾坤定,花好月圆鸾凤鸣。

2014年朝阳一模地理试卷及答案清晰版

2014年朝阳一模地理试卷及答案清晰版

2014年朝阳⼀模地理试卷及答案清晰版北京市朝阳区⾼三年级第⼀次综合练习⽂科综合试卷2014.3 第⼀部分选择题(共35⼩题,满分140分)⼀、选择题读世界⼗⼤航天发射基地分布⽰意图,回答1~2题。

图11.世界⼗⼤航天发射基地中A.西昌在西部中⼼的东南⽅向B.库鲁所在经纬⽹的⾯积⽐酒泉的⼩C.西半球热带地区的航天基地有2个D.西部中⼼飞往肯尼迪最短路径的朝向是先东北后东南2.2013年12⽉21⽇,西昌成功发射⼀颗通信卫星,此时西昌A.河流的流域⾯积缩⼩B.寒冷、⼲燥,多⼤风C.所在⼤陆的⾼压强盛D.正午影长较圣马科短3.读某⼭景区道路图,可知A.台阶路⽐索道坡度⼤B.河流总体为⾃东向西流C.P所在地点地形崎岖D.Q附近公路沿⼭脊蜿蜒4.读2014年1⽉某⽇天⽓形势图,可知A.北京盛⾏偏北风B.⾸尔⽐东京⽓压低C.⾸尔降⽔概率⼩D.北京⽐东京风⼒⼩图2 图3图5图4 图6读两次地震数据表,回答第5~7题。

5. 下列判断正确的是A .①地地震时,②地区时为13⽇08:06:52B .①地地震时,粤、闽⼀带进⼊⾬季C .②地地震时,其为副热带⾼压控制D .①②地均位于环太平洋⽕⼭地震带 6. ①地震后,某船由①地向②地进⾏为期1个⽉的考察,在其向东的航段可见 A .船舶逆风、顺⽔ B .⽇出时间逐⽇提前 C .⾬林覆盖的岛屿 D .运粗钢来华的船队 7. 在②地附近滨海地区最可能见到8.图4中①②③④为四条⾃然地理界线,其中滑坡、泥⽯流集中分布于A .①②之间B .①④之间C .②③之间D .③④之间9. 图5为四川黄龙天然钙化池景观,该景观⼜称“五彩池”,它A .由花岗岩组成B .由⽯灰岩沉积⽽成C .属于天象地⽂景观D .属于世界双遗产读某城市局部地区电⼦地图,回答10~11题。

10. 图中R1、 R2地区最可能分别对应A .⼯业区住宅区B .商务区⾏政区C .⽂化休闲区⼯业区D .⽂化休闲区商务区11. 图中“⼯具箱”的测⾯(积)功能主要采⽤了A .GISB .RSC .GPSD .WIFIA B C D⼆、⾮选择题36.(36分)结合材料,回答下列问题。

【2014朝阳一模】北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习 英语试题和答案

【2014朝阳一模】北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习 英语试题和答案

【2014朝阳一模】北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习英语试题和答案(考试时间l20分钟满分l50分)本试卷共12页,共150分。

考试时长120分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分:听力理解(共三节,30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题l.5分,共7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后,你将有l0秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

例:What is the man going to read?A.A newspaper.B.A magazine.C.A book.答案是A。

1.What are the two speakers talking about?A.A skirt.B.A clothes store.C.A blouse.2.What will the two speakers do?A.Finish a report.B.Go for a walk C.Borrow some books.3.What does the man ask the woman to do?A.Park the carB.Order the food quickly.C.Have a meal an hour later4.Where are the two speakers?A.In a store.B.In a hotel.C.At the airport.5.What is tlle woman worried about?A.Missing her flight.B.Having a traffic accident.C.Being late for the football game.第二节(共10小题;每小题l.5分,共15分)听下面4段对话或独白。

北京市朝阳区2014届高三英语第一次综合练习(朝阳一模)新人教版

北京市朝阳区2014届高三英语第一次综合练习(朝阳一模)新人教版

北京市朝阳区高三年级第一次综合练习英语试卷2014.3(考试时间l20分钟满分l50分)本试卷共12页,共150分。

考试时长120分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分:听力理解(共三节,30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题l.5分,共7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后,你将有l0秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

例:What is the man going to read?A.A newspaper.B.A magazine.C.A book.答案是A。

1.What are the two speakers talking about?A.A skirt.B.A clothes store.C.A blouse.2.What will the two speakers do?A.Finish a report.B.Go for a walk C.Borrow some books.3.What does the man ask the woman to do?A.Park the carB.Order the food quickly.C.Have a meal an hour later4.Where are the two speakers?A.In a store.B.In a hotel.C.At the airport.5.What is tlle woman worried about?A.Missing her flight.B.Having a traffic accident.C.Being late for the football game.第二节(共10小题;每小题l.5分,共15分)听下面4段对话或独白。

每段对话或独自后有几道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

【2014朝阳一模】北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习 物理试题 Word版含答案.pdf

【2014朝阳一模】北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习 物理试题 Word版含答案.pdf

北京市朝阳区高三年级第次综合练习 理科综合 2014.3 本试卷共16页,共300分。

考试时长150分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

以下数据可供解题时参考: 可能用到的相对原子质量:H1 C12 O16 第一部分(选择题 共120分) 本部分共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。

关于αβ、γ三种射线,下列说法正确的是 A.α射线是一种波长很短的电磁波B.γ射线是一种波长很短的电磁波 C.β射线的电离能力最强D.γ射线的电离能力最强 14.V C.电压的最大值为V D.电压瞬时值的表达式为(V) 16.如图所示,A、B两物块的质量分别为m和M,把它们靠在一起从光滑斜面的顶端由静止开始下滑。

已知斜面的倾角为θ,斜面始终保持静止。

则在此过程中物块B对物块A的压力为 A.MgsinθB.Mgcosθ C.0D.(M+m)gsinθ 17. A.t=0.3s时,质元Q的加速度达到正向最大 B.波的传播速度为20m/s C.波的传播方向沿x轴负方向 D.t=0.7s时,质元P的运动方向沿y轴负方向 18.如图所示,真空中有A、B两个等量异种点电荷,O、M、N是AB连线的垂线上的三个点,且AO>OB。

一个带负电的检验电荷仅在电场力的作用下,从M点运动到N点,其轨迹如图中实线所示。

若M、N两点的电势分别为φM和φN,检验电荷通过M、N两点的动能分别为EkM和EkN,则 A.φM=φN,EkM=EkNB.φM<φN,EkM<EkN C.φMEkND.φM>φN,EkM>EkN 19. A.换用最大阻值更大的滑动变阻器,将导线a的M端移到电流表“3”接线柱上 B.换用最大阻值更大的滑动变阻器,将导线b的N端移到电流表“0.6”接线柱上 C.换用最大阻值更小的滑动变阻器,将导线a的M端移到电流表“3”接线柱上 D.换用最大阻值更小的滑动变阻器,将导线b的N端移到电流表“0.6”接线柱上 20.给一定质量温度为0的水加热,在水的温度由0上升到4的结合力形成多分子结构作用势能 C.水分子的平均动能增大,吸收的热量一部分用于分子间的结合力做正功 D.水分子的平均动能增大,吸收的热量一部分用于克服分子间的结合力做功 第二部分(非选择题 共180分) 本部分共11小题,共180分。

北京市朝阳区2014~2015学年度高三第一学期期中统一考试物理试卷

北京市朝阳区2014~2015学年度高三第一学期期中统一考试物理试卷

北京市朝阳区2014~2015学年度高三年级第一学期期中统一考试物理试卷答案详解一、本题共13小题,每小题3分,共39分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项是符合题目要求的。

把答案用2B 铅笔填涂在答题卡上。

1.核反应方程2342349091Th Pa X →+中的X 表示A .质子B .电子C .光子D .中子【解析】答案:B根据电荷守恒和质量守恒,可知X 的电荷数为90-91=-1,质量数为234-234=0,所以X 是电子。

2.卢瑟福通过对α粒子散射实验结果的分析,提出了A .原子的核式结构模型B .原子核内有中子存在C .电子是原子的组成部分D .原子核是由质子和中子组成的【解析】答案:A卢瑟福的α粒子散射实验中,用α粒子轰击金箔,发现α粒子穿过金箔后,基本仍沿原来的方向前进,但有少数α粒子(约占1/8000)发生了大角度偏转,偏转角度甚至大于90°。

而汤姆孙的“枣糕模型”是不能解释α粒子发生大角度偏转的,也就是说“枣糕模型”是不正确的,卢瑟福通过分析认为:若要使α粒子发生大角度偏转,占原子质量绝大部分的带正电的那部分物质集中在很小的空间范围,这样才能使α粒子受到足够大的斥力,发生大角度的偏转。

所以,1911年,卢瑟福提出了原子的核式结构模型。

3.关于天然放射现象,下列说法正确的是A .所有元素都可能发生衰变B .放射性元素的半衰期与外界的温度有关C .α、β和γ三种射线中,γ射线的穿透能力最强D .α、β和γ三种射线中,γ射线的电离能力最强 【解析】答案:C科学家们研究发现,原子序数大于83的元素都发生衰变;原子序数小于83的元素,有的也能发生衰变,但不是所有的元素都能发生衰变,A 错误。

不同的放射性元素,半衰期是不同的。

放射性元素的半衰期是由核内部自身的因素决定的,跟原子所处的化学状态和外部条件都没有关系。

例如,一种放射性元素,不管它是以单质的形式存在,还是以其他元素形成化合物,或者对它施加压力、提高温度,都不能改变它的半衰期,这是因为这些都没有改变原子核的结构。

北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习 理综 Word版含答案

北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习 理综 Word版含答案

北京市朝阳区2014届高三3月第一次综合练习理科综合试题生物部分2014.31.下列有关真核细胞的叙述中,正确的是A.核糖体是蛋白质的“装配机器”,由蛋白质和mRNA组成B.醋酸洋红进入细胞使染色体着色,体现了膜的选择透过性C.衰老细胞内染色质的收缩会影响遗传信息的表达D.原癌基因和抑癌基因的表达会导致正常细胞发生癌变2.在细胞和生物体的生命活动中,不.可能发生的是A.DNA→RNA→氨基酸B.内质网膜→囊泡膜→高尔基体膜C.性激素→下丘脑,性激素→垂体D.生长素→果实发育,生长素→发芽3.用3H标记蚕豆根尖分生区细胞的DNA分子双链,再将这些细胞转入含秋水仙素但不含3H的普通培养基中培养。

若秋水仙素对细胞连续发挥作用,则相关叙述不.正确的是A.秋水仙素可抑制纺锤体的形成,但不影响着丝点的正常分裂B.通过对细胞中不含单体时的染色体计数,可推测DNA复制的次数C.通过检测DNA链上3H标记出现的情况,可推测DNA的复制方式D.细胞中DNA第二次复制完成时,每条染色体的单体均带有3H标记4.下列关于生产措施或生活现象的分析,错误..的是A.零度以上低温贮存果蔬,可降低呼吸酶活性,减少有机物的分解B.提倡慢跑,可防止因肌细胞无氧呼吸积累乳酸而导致的酸胀乏力C.若H7N9禽流感病毒侵入人体,机体的T细胞会合成并分泌淋巴因子D.由于亚硝酸盐含量先减少后增加,故应在其含量增加前尽快食用泡菜5.黄花刺茄是具有很强的耐贫瘠和耐干旱特性的草本植物,原产北美洲,我国于1981年首次发现该物种入侵,目前已在多省区有分布,对本地物种造成危害。

以下叙述正确的是A.黄花刺茄可以增加入侵地的物种多样性,提高生态系统的生态功能B.荒地、路边、弃耕地、过度放牧的草地,黄花刺茄可取得优势地位C.控制黄花刺茄的方法主要有化学防治和人为铲除,化学防治最好D.导致黄花刺茄在入侵地呈J型疯长的主要原因是其基因发生了突变29.(20分)为研究城市环境污染和A植物生命活动的关系,相关人员进行了如下研究。

【解析】【2014朝阳一模】北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习 英语试题

【解析】【2014朝阳一模】北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习 英语试题

(考试时间l20分钟满分l50分)本试卷共12页,共150分。

考试时长120分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分:听力理解(共三节,30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题l.5分,共7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后,你将有l0秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

例:What is the man going to read?A.A newspaper.B.A magazine.C.A book.答案是A。

1.What are the two speakers talking about?A.A skirt.B.A clothes store.C.A blouse.2.What will the two speakers do?A.Finish a report.B.Go for a walk C.Borrow some books.3.What does the man ask the woman to do?A.Park the carB.Order the food quickly.C.Have a meal an hour later4.Where are the two speakers?A.In a store.B.In a hotel.C.At the airport.5.What is tlle woman worried about?A.Missing her flight.B.Having a traffic accident.C.Being late for the football game.第二节(共10小题;每小题l.5分,共15分)听下面4段对话或独白。

每段对话或独自后有几道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

北京市朝阳区2014届高三上学期期末考试生物试题Word版含答案

北京市朝阳区2014届高三上学期期末考试生物试题Word版含答案

北京市朝阳区2013~2014学年度高三年级第一学期期末统一考试生物学科试卷2014.1(考试时间90分钟满分100分)一、选择题(每小题只有一个正确答案。

1~30题每题1分,31~40题每题2分,共50分)1.下列关于生物体内有机化合物所含元素的叙述,错误..的是A.人体内的血红蛋白含有铁元素B.T2噬菌体的遗传物质含有硫元素C.植物体内的叶绿素a和b都含有镁元素D.动物体内使血糖降低的激素含有碳元素2.下列关于生物体内化合物的叙述,正确的是A.糖类不参与细胞识别和免疫调节B.脂质不参与各种生命活动的调节C.凡具有生命活力的细胞,水的含量无差别D.核酸储存并传递遗传信息,控制生命活动3.下列关于真核细胞结构和功能的叙述,错误..的是A.细胞器在细胞质中的分布与细胞的功能相适应B.高尔基体是细胞内蛋白质合成、加工和运输的场所C.抗体分泌过程中囊泡膜经膜融合可成为细胞膜的一部分D.溶酶体内的水解酶是由附着于内质网上的核糖体合成的4.下列有关细胞生命活动的叙述,错误..的是A.细胞吸水可以有自由扩散和协助扩散两种方式B.真核细胞有丝分裂所需要的ATP不仅来自线粒体C.细胞之间信息交流时细胞膜上的受体是必需结构D.质壁分离过程中水分子外流导致细胞内渗透压升高A.实验① B.实验② C.实验③ D.实验④6.右图表示细胞呼吸作用的过程,其中①~③代表有关生理过程发生的场所,甲、乙代表有关物质。

下列相关叙述正确的是A.①和③都有磷脂双分子层B.①和②所含酶的种类相同C.②和③都能产生大量ATPD.甲、乙分别是丙酮酸、[H]7.下图是水生植物黑藻在光照等环境因素影响下光合速率变化的示意图。

下列有关叙述错.误.的是A.t1→t2,叶绿体类囊体膜上的色素吸收光能增加,且水光解加快、O2释放增多B.t2→t3,暗反应限制光合作用,若在t2时刻增加CO2浓度,光合速率将再提高C.t3→t4,光照强度不变,光合速率提高是由于光反应速率不变、暗反应增强的结果D.t4后短时间内,叶绿体中ADP、Pi和C3化合物的含量升高,C5化合物的含量降低8.下图为某二倍体动物的几个细胞分裂示意图(数字代表染色体,字母代表染色体上的基因)。

朝阳区2014年一模数学(理科)试题(带答案详解)

朝阳区2014年一模数学(理科)试题(带答案详解)

北京市朝阳区高三年级第一次综合练习数学学科测试(理工类)2014.3一、选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分. (1)复数i(2+i)z =在复平面内对应的点位于( )A .第一象限B .第二象限C .第三象限D .第四象限(2)已知集合1{|(1}2xA x =<,集合{|lg 0}B x x =>,则A B =U ( )A .{|0}x x >B .{|1}x x >C . {|1}{|0}x x x x ><UD . ∅(3)已知平面向量a ,b 满足2==a b ,(2)()=2⋅--a +b a b ,则a 与b 的夹角为( )A . 6πB . 3πC .32πD .65π(4)如图,设区域{(,)01,01}D x y x y =≤≤≤≤,向区域D 内随机投一点,且投入到区域内任一点都是等可能的,则点落入到阴影区域3{(,)01,0}M x y x y x =≤≤≤≤的概率为( )A . 14B .13 C .25 D . 27(5)在ABC △中,π4A =,BC “AC 是“π3B =”的( )A .充分不必要条件B .必要不充分条件C .充要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件(6)执行如图所示的程序框图,输出的S 值为( )A .2B .2-C .4D .4-(7)已知函数2sin ()1xf x x =+.下列命题:①函数()f x 的图象关于原点对称; ②函数()f x 是周期函数;③当2x π=时,函数()f x 取最大值; ④函数()f x 的图象与函数1y x=的图象没有公共点,其中正确命题的序号是( )A . ①③B .②③C . ①④D .②④(8)直线y x m =+与圆2216x y +=交于不同的两点M ,N,且MN ON ≥+uuu r r uuu r,其中O 是坐标原点,则实数m 的取值范围是( )A .(-U B.(⎡--⎣UC . [2,2]-D .[-二、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分.把答案填在答题卡上.(9)在各项均为正数的等比数列{}n a 中,12a =,2312a a +=,则该数列的前4项和为 .(10)在极坐标系中,A 为曲线2cos ρθ=上的点,B 为曲线cos 4ρθ=上的点,则线段AB 长度的最小值是 .(11)某三棱锥的三视图如图所示,则这个三棱锥的体积为 ;表面积为 .(12)双曲线2221(0)y x b b-=>的一个焦点到其渐近线的距离是2,则b = ;此双曲线的离心率为 .(13)有标号分别为1,2,3的红色卡片3张,标号分别为1,2,3的蓝色卡片3张,现将全部的6张卡片放在2行3列的格内(如 图).若颜色相同的卡片在同一行, 则不同的放法种数为 .(用数字作答)(14)如图,在四棱锥S ABCD -中,SB ⊥底面ABCD .底面ABCD 为梯形,AB AD ⊥,AB ∥CD ,1,3AB AD ==,2CD =.若点E 是线段AD 上的正视图俯视图S动点,则满足90SEC ∠=︒的点E 的个数是 .三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共80分.解答应写出文字说明,演算步骤或证明过程. (15)(本小题满分13分)已知函数22()2sin()cos sin cos f x x x x x =π-⋅+-,x ∈R . (Ⅰ)求()2f π的值及函数()f x 的最小正周期;(Ⅱ)求函数()f x 在[]0,π上的单调减区间.(16)(本小题满分13分)某单位从一所学校招收某类特殊人才.对20位已经选拔入围的学生进行运动协调能力和逻辑思维能力只知道从这20位参加测试的学生中随机抽取一位,抽到运动协调能力或逻辑思维能力优秀的学生的概率为25.(I)求a,ξ的值;(II)从参加测试的20位学生中任意抽取2位,求其中至少有一位运动协调能力或逻辑思维能力优秀的学生的概率;(III)从参加测试的20位学生中任意抽取2位,设运动协调能力或逻辑思维能力优秀的学生人数为ξ,求随机变量ξ的分布列及其数学期望Eξ.(17)(本小题满分14分)如图,四棱锥P ABCD -的底面为正方形,侧面PAD ⊥底面ABCD .PAD △为等腰直角三角形,且PA AD ⊥. E ,F 分别为底边AB 和侧棱PC 的中点. (Ⅰ)求证:EF ∥平面PAD ; (Ⅱ)求证:EF ⊥平面PCD ; (Ⅲ)求二面角E PD C --的余弦值.A E BCDP F(18)(本小题满分13分)已知函数21()ln 2f x ax x =-,a ∈R .(Ⅰ)求函数()f x 的单调区间;(Ⅱ)若函数()f x 在区间[1,e]的最小值为1,求a 的值.(19)(本小题满分14分)已知椭圆2222:1(0)x y C a b a b+=>>经过点.(Ⅰ)求椭圆C 的方程;(Ⅱ)直线(1)(0)y k x k =-≠与椭圆C 交于,A B 两点,点M 是椭圆C 的右顶点.直线AM 与直线BM 分别与y 轴交于点,P Q ,试问以线段PQ 为直径的圆是否过x 轴上的定点?若是,求出定点坐标; 若不是,说明理由.(20)(本小题满分13分)从1,2,3,,n L 中这n 个数中取m (,m n *∈N ,3m n ≤≤)个数组成递增等差数列,所有可能的递增等差数列的个数记为(,)f n m .(Ⅰ)当5,3n m ==时,写出所有可能的递增等差数列及(5,3)f 的值; (Ⅱ)求(100,10)f ;(Ⅲ)求证:()(1)(,)2(1)n m n f n m m -+>-.北京市朝阳区高三年级第一次综合练习数学答案(理工类)三、解答题15. (本小题满分13分) 解: ()f x =sin 2cos 2x x -)4x π=-.(Ⅰ)())1224f πππ=⋅-==. 显然,函数()f x 的最小正周期为π. ………………………… 8分(Ⅱ)令ππ3π2π22π242k x k +-+≤≤得 37ππππ88k x k ++≤≤,k ∈Z .又因为[]0,πx ∈,所以3π7π,88x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦.函数()f x 在[]0,π上的单调减区间为3π7π,88⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦. ……………………… 13分16. (本小题满分13分) 解:(I )设事件A :从20位学生中随机抽取一位,抽到运动协调能力或逻辑思维能力优秀的学生.由题意可知,运动协调能力或逻辑思维能力优秀的学生共有(6)a +人.则62()205a P A +==. 解得 2a =.所以4b =. ………………………… 4分(II )设事件B :从20人中任意抽取2人,至少有一位运动协调能力或逻辑思维能力优秀的学生.由题意可知,至少有一项能力测试优秀的学生共有8人.则21222062()1()195C P B P B C =-=-=. ………………………… 7分(III )ξ的可能取值为0,1,2.20位学生中运动协调能力或逻辑思维能力优秀的学生人数为8人.所以21222033(0)95C P C ξ===,1112822048(1)95C C P C ξ===,2822014(2)95C P C ξ===.所以ξ的分布列为所以,334814764012959595955E ξ=⨯+⨯+⨯== ………………………… 13分17. (本小题满分14分)(Ⅰ)证明:取PD 的中点G ,连接FG ,AG .因为F ,G 分别是PC ,PD 的中点, 所以FG 是△PCD 的中位线.所以FG ∥CD ,且12FG CD =.又因为E 是AB 的中点,且底面ABCD 为正方形, 所以1122AE AB CD ==,且AE ∥CD . 所以AE ∥FG ,且AE FG =. 所以四边形AEFG 是平行四边形.所以EF ∥AG . 又EF ⊄平面PAD ,AG ⊂平面PAD ,所以EF 平面PAD . …………………………4分 (Ⅱ)证明: 因为平面PAD ⊥平面ABCD ,PA AD⊥,且平面PAD I 平面ABCD AD =, 所以PA ⊥平面ABCD . 所以PA AB ⊥,PA AD ⊥.又因为ABCD 为正方形,所以AB AD ⊥, 所以,,AB AD AP 两两垂直.以点A 为原点,分别以, , AB AD AP 为, , x y z 轴, 建立空间直角坐标系(如图).由题意易知AB AD AP ==,设2AB AD AP ===,则(0,0,0)A ,(2,0,0)B ,(2,2,0)C ,(0,2,0)D ,(0,0,2)P ,(1,0,0)E ,(1,1,1)F .因为(0,11)EF =uu u r ,,(022)PD =-u u u r ,,,(200)CD =-uu u r ,,,且(0,11)(0,2,2)0EF PD ⋅=⋅-=u u u r u u u r ,,(0,11)(2,00)0EF CD ⋅=⋅-=u u u r u u u r ,,所以EF PD ⊥,EF CD ⊥.又因为PD ,CD 相交于D ,所以EF ⊥平面PCD . ………………………… 9分(Ⅲ)易得(102)EP =-uu r ,,,(0,22)PD =-u u u r,.设平面EPD 的法向量为(, , )x y z =n ,则 0,0.EP PD ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩uuruu ur n n 所以 20,220. x z y z -+=⎧⎨-=⎩即2,.x z y z =⎧⎨=⎩ 令1z =,则(2,1,1)=n .由(Ⅱ)可知平面PCD 的法向量是(0,11)EF =uu u r,, 所以cos ,EFEF EF⋅〈〉===⋅uu u ruu u r uu u r n n n由图可知,二面角E PD C --的大小为锐角, 所以二面角E PD C --…………………………14分 18. (本小题满分13分)解:函数()f x 的定义域是(0,)+∞, 1()f x ax x '=-21ax x-=.(Ⅰ)(1)当0a =时,1()0f x x'=-<,故函数()f x 在(0,)+∞上单调递减.(2)当0a <时,()0f x '<恒成立,所以函数()f x 在(0,)+∞上单调递减.(3)当0a >时,令()0f x '=,又因为0x >,解得x =①当x ∈时,()0f x '<,所以函数()f x在单调递减.②当)x ∈+∞时,()0f x '>,所以函数()f x在)+∞单调递增. 综上所述,当0a ≤时,函数()f x 的单调减区间是(0,)+∞,当0a >时,函数()f x的单调减区间是,单调增区间为)+∞.……7分 (Ⅱ)(1)当0a ≤时,由(Ⅰ)可知,()f x 在[1,e]上单调递减,AE BCDPFG所以()f x 的最小值为21(e)e 112f a =-=,解得240ea =>,舍去.(2)当0a >时,由(Ⅰ)可知,1,即1a ≥时,函数()f x 在[1,e]上单调递增, 所以函数()f x 的最小值为1(1)12f a ==,解得2a =.②当1e <,即211ea <<时,函数()f x在上单调递减,在上单调递增,所以函数()f x的最小值为11ln 122f a =+=,解得e a =,舍去.e ,即210ea <≤时,函数()f x 在[1,e]上单调递减, 所以函数()f x 的最小值为21(e)e 112f a =-=,得24ea =,舍去.综上所述,2a =. …………………………13分 19. (本小题满分14分)解:(Ⅰ)由题意得221314c a a b ⎧⎪⎪⎨⎪+=⎪⎩,解得=2a ,1b =.所以椭圆C 的方程是2214x y +=. (4)分(Ⅱ)以线段PQ 为直径的圆过x 轴上的定点.由22(1)14y k x x y =-⎧⎪⎨+=⎪⎩得2222(14)8440k x k x k +-+-=. 设1122(,),(,)A x y B x y ,则有2122814k x x k +=+,21224414k x x k -=+.又因为点M 是椭圆C 的右顶点,所以点(2,0)M .由题意可知直线AM 的方程为11(2)2y y x x =--,故点112(0,)2y P x --. 直线BM 的方程为22(2)2y y x x =--,故点222(0,)2y Q x --. 若以线段PQ 为直径的圆过x 轴上的定点0(,0)N x ,则等价于0PN QN ⋅=u u u r u u u r恒成立.又因为1012(,)2y PN x x =-uuu r ,2022(,)2y QN x x =-uuu r , 所以221212001212224022(2)(2)y y y y PN QN x x x x x x ⋅=+⋅=+=----uuu r uuu r 恒成立.又因为121212(2)(2)2()4x x x x x x --=-++2222448241414k k k k -=-+++ 22414k k =+,212121212(1)(1)[()1]y y k x k x k x x x x =--=-++22222448(1)1414k k k k k -=-+++ 22314k k -=+, 所以222221200021212414304(2)(2)14k y y k x x x k x x k -++=+=-=--+.解得0x =故以线段PQ 为直径的圆过x轴上的定点(. ………………………… 14分20. (本小题满分13分) 解:(Ⅰ)符合要求的递增等差数列为1,2,3;2,3,4;3,4,5;1,3,5,共4个.所以(5,3)4f =. ………………………… 3分(Ⅱ)设满足条件的一个等差数列首项为1a ,公差为d ,d *∈N . 1019a a d =+,10110011199a a d --==≤,d 的可能取值为1,2,,11L . 对于给定的d ,11091009a a d d =--≤, 当1a 分别取1,2,3,,1009d -L 时,可得递增等差数列1009d -个(如:1d =时,191a ≤,当1a 分别取1,2,3,,91L 时,可得递增等差数列91个:1,2,3,,11L ;2,3,4,,12L ;L ;91,92,93,,100L ,其它同理).所以当d 取1,2,,11L 时,可得符合要求的等差数列的个数为:(100,10)100119(1211)1100966506f =⋅-⋅+++=-⋅=L .………………………… 8分(Ⅲ)设等差数列首项为1a ,公差为d ,1(1)m a a m d =+-,1111m a a n d m m --=--≤,记11n m --的整数部分是t ,则11111n n t m m ---<--≤,即111n m n t m m --<--≤.d 的可能取值为1,2,,t L ,对于给定的d ,1(1)(1)m a a m d n m d =----≤,当1a 分别取1,2,3,,(1)n m d --L 时,可得递增等差数列(1)n m d --个.所以当d 取1,2,,t L 时,得符合要求的等差数列的个数2(1)121(,)(1)222t t m n m f n m nt m t t +--+=--⋅=-+ 22121(21)()22(1)8(1)m n m n m t m m --+-+=--+--易证21112(1)1n m n m n m m m --+-<---≤. 又因为211||12(1)2(1)n m n m m m m m --++-=---,2113||2(1)12(1)n m n m m m m -+---=---, 所以21211||||12(1)2(1)1n m n m n m n m m m m --+-+-->-----. 所以(1)(,)(1)2t t f n m nt m +=--⋅(1)()(1)11(1)122(1)n m n mn m n m n m m n m m m --+--+-->⋅--⋅=--. 即()(1)(,)2(1)n m n f n m m -+>-. …………………………13分北京市朝阳区高三年级第一次综合练习数学(理工类)选填解析一、 选择题 1.【答案】B【解析】解:2i(2+i)=2i i 12i z =+=-+对应的点为(1,2)- 所以对应的点在第二象限.故选B .2.【答案】A【解析】解:1{|()1}{|0}2x A x x x =<=>,{|lg 0}{|1}B x x x x =>=> 所以{|0}A B x x =>U . 故选A3.【答案】B【解析】解:因为(2)()=2⋅--a +b a b , 所以2222+⋅-=-a a b b 所以22cos ,22+<>-=-a a b a b b又2==a b ,所以44cos ,82+<>-=-a b 所以1cos ,2<>=a b 所以π,3<>=a b . 故选B4.【答案】A【解析】解:阴影部分面积为134100111|0444x dx x ==-=⎰;区域D 的面积为111⨯=;由几何概型知识,得概率为114=14.故选A .5.【答案】B【解析】解:若AC =π4A =,BC =sin sin AC AB BC⋅===又(0,π)B ∈,则π3B =或2π3.所以“AC =推不出“π3B =”; 另一方面,若π4A =,BC =π3B =,则sin sin BC B AC A ⋅===“π3B =”能推出“AC .所以“AC =是“π3B =”的必要不充分条件. 故选B6.【答案】D4-故答案为D .7.【答案】C【解析】解:对于①,因为22sin()sin ()()()11x xf x f x x x --==-=--++,所以()f x 为奇函数,图象关于原点对称,①正确; 对于②,因为sin y x =是周期函数,211y x =+不是周期函数,所以2sin ()1xf x x =+不是周期函数,故②不正确;对于③,因为()f x 图象连续不断且定义域为R ,所以()f x 的最大值一定是()f x 的极值;而222cos (1)sin 2'()(1)x x x x f x x +-⋅=+,22ππ'()0π2(1)4f -=≠+,所以当2x π=时,函数()f x 不取极值,故③错;对于④,由于()f x 与1y x=均关于原点对称,所以只需考虑0x >部分,因为22sin 11()11x f x x x x =<<++,故函数()f x 的图象与函数1y x=的图象没有公共点,④正确.故答案选C8.【答案】D【解析】如图,设圆心(0,0)到直线y x m =+的距离d =,所以MN =uuu r如图,2OM ON OA d +==uuu r uuu r uu r又MN ON ≥+uuu r r uuu r ,则,解得m -≤故答案选D .二、 填空题 9.【答案】30【解析】解:设{}n a 的公比为q ,因为12a =,2312a a +=, 所以21112a q a q +=,即260q q +-=,(3)(2)0q q +-=, 所以3q =-(舍),2q =所以34116a a q ==,4123430S a a a a =+++=; 故答案为30.10.【答案】2【解析】解:由2cos ρθ=,得22cos ρρθ=,222x y x +=,22(1)1x y -+=; 由cos 4ρθ=,得4x =;圆心(1,0)到4x =的距离的为3.所以线段AB 长度的最小值为312-=; 故答案为2.11.【答案】1,23【解析】由三视图知,几何体为地面为等腰直角三角形,高为1的三棱锥;所以体积111211323V =⨯⨯⨯⨯=;表面积112121222S =⨯⨯+⨯⨯=+故答案为1,2312.【答案】【解析】解:因为双曲线2221(0)y x b b-=>,所以焦点(,准线为y bx =±;又焦点到其渐近线的距离是22=,即2b =.离心率为ca =故答案为13.【答案】72【解析】解:分步计数原理,33233272A A A ⋅⋅=. 故答案为72.14.【答案】2【解析】解:如图建立空间直角坐标系,设SB a =,(03)AE b b =≤≤ 则(0,0,)S a ,(3,1,0)C -,(,1,0)E b所以(,1,)ES b a =--u u r ,(3,2,0)EC b =--u u u r因为90SEC ∠=︒,2320ES EC b b ⋅=-++=uu r uu u r,解得1b =或2. 故答案为2.。

2014北京各区高考英语一模试题(含答案)

2014北京各区高考英语一模试题(含答案)

2014届北京市朝阳区高三年纪第一次综合练习英语试卷 2014.3第二部分知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空21. In China, you _____ vote when you are 18.A. mustB. mightC. canD. would22. I’ve been away for only three years, _____I can hardly recognize my hometown.A. soB. orC. forD. yet23. This article is well written because special attention ______ to the choice of words.A. has paidB. has been paidC. has paidD. had been paid24. They always give the vacant seat to ____ comes first.A. anyoneB. whomC. whomeverD. whoever25. In some countries, friends kiss____ both checks when they say goodbye.A. onB. inC. atD. of26. It is hard to imagine ____ makes a top-level athlete.A. whichB. howC. thatD. what27. The movie Gravity won seven awards at the Oscar night, ____was beyond t he director’s wildest dream.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. what28. ---Did he get the job finally?---Though he ____ well before the gob interview, he failed to answer some important questions.A. Was preparingB. would prepareC. had preparedD. has prepared29. When ____ about one of the biggest concerns today, many citizens mentioned the sharp rise in housing price.A. askingB. to askC. askedD. having asked30. _____time, the teacher had us do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework.A. To saveB. SaveC. SavingD. Having saved31. Remember me to your parents when you ____them.A. are callingB. callC. will callD. have called32. ---What’s that noise?---There’s a truck stopping outside. It’s someone ____ something.A. deliverB. to deliverC. deliveringD. delivered33. Quietness seems impossible _____ everyone takes their seats and begins to write.A. untilB. afterC. forD. once34. ---How long have you been here, Susan?---Only about five minutes. Alisa ____ here with me.A. walksB. walkedC. has walkedD. had walked35. I didn’t know your mobile phone number; otherwise I ____you the moment I got to Canada.A. would ringB. would have rungC. had rungD. rang第二节完型填空Wallet BackThis is a story about a learning experience that had a big effect on the way that I live my life. The ____36___in the story did not give me tests or even grade me on my work. I was taught by one of the most effective ___37___ of teaching, one that only people with lots of love can do.“My wallet! Where is it?” were my first words___38___ I found my wallet was missing. I ____39___ my memory for a few good seconds, then realized that I had left my precious wallet in the library’s public ___40___!Because the library was now __41__, I had to wait until the next morning to look for it. When I got there the next day, all I found was a clean restroom. This was the first time I could remember ever ___42___ to see a clean restroom. As I walked out, I looked at myself in the mirror and shook my head at the ___43____ fool in front of me.I politely ___44____ the librarian at the front desk and asked her if a wallet had been found in the restroom yesterday. “No.” That was that. I walked off with a sense of ____45____.I __46___ what I would do if I had found a wallet containing sixty dollars, a phone card and many other irreplaceable ___47____things. Finally, I ___48___ accepted the fact that my wallet was gone.A week later, I received a ___49____ in the mail. it was my wallet And most ___50____, nothing was missing!But there was a little yellow sheet of paper folded up in one of the wallet pockets that had not been there before. I slowly unfolded the paper, which ___51____something like this:When we continue to help around, we will live in a larger and more rewarding world.This person didn’t even leave a return address. So I couldn’t ___52___whoever it was. From that day on, I __53__ myself that I will follow this ___54___ and help others and make them as ___55__ as I was when I opened that parcel!36. A. leader B. writer C. teacher D. scholar37. A. aids B. systems C. materials D. methods38. A. once B. when C. before D. since39. A. searched B. improved C. developed D. recorded40. A. canteen B. lounge C. restroom D. showroom41. A. closed B. deserted C. crowded D. occupied42. A. hoping B. hating C. refusing D. preferring43. A. grateful B. curious C. forgetful D. nervous44. A. approached B. interviewed C. identified D. reminded45. A. safety B. forgiveness C. satisfaction D. disappointment46. A. described B. wondered C. discovered D. expressed47. A. personal B. strange C. surprising D. reasonable48. A. gladly B. naturally C. willingly D. painfully49. A. letter B. note C. package D. suitcase50. A. sincerely B. amazingly C. honestly D. obviously51. A. read B. printed C. explained D. wrote52. A. owe B. thank C. admire D. inspire53. A. supported B. suggested C. improved D. promised54. A. plan B. course C. regulation D. example55. A. shocked B. cautions C. delighted D. optimistic第三部分:阅读理解(共两节,40分)第一部分AJohnny the ExplorerJohnny was three when he ran away from home for the first time. Somebody left the garden gate open. Johnny wandered out, crossed some fields, and two hours later, and arrived in the next village. He was just able to give his name and address.By the time he was seven, Johnny used to vanish from home two to three times a year. Sometimes he covered quite long distances on foot. On other occasions he got on a bus or even a train, and simply sat there until someone asked for his ticket. Generally the police brought him home. "Why do you do it?" they used to ask. "You aren't unhappy at home, are you? .... ““Of course not," Johnny replied.” Then why?" "I just like seeing places," Johnny told them.Johnny continued to "see places" although everyone tried to stop him. His parents used to watch him closely, and so did his teachers; but sooner or later Johnny managed to slip away. As he grew older, his favorite trick was to hide on a long distance truck. Sometimes he used to travel hundreds of miles before anyone discovered him.It is hardly surprising that eventually Johnny managed to get on board a plane. He was twelve at the time. It was a cargo plane and, a few hours later, Johnny found himself in Cairo. How did he get on board? No one knows! According to Johnny himself, it was easy: he just went into the airport, walked along some corridors and got on board the nearest plane.In spite of all this, Johnny did well at school. He enjoyed maths and languages and, perhaps not surprisingly, he was especially good at geography. "What do you want to be when you grow up?" his teachers asked him. Johnny did not take long to answer that question. "An explorer!" he answered. "But it's difficult to become an explorer in this modem age." they tried to tell him, But it was no use: Johnny knew what he wanted!Just before he left school, Johnny saw a notice in one of the daily papers. An expedition was about to go to Brazil to travel up the Amazon River. There were vacancies for three young people "willing to work hard and with a sense of adventure". Johnny applied, and, two months later, he was on his way to Brazil.56. Johnny frequently left home because_________.A. he preferred to stay homeB. he enjoyed seeing new placesC. he couldn’t do well at schoolD. he didn’t get along well with his parents57. People around Johnny_______.A. tried to stop him from slipping awayB. kept following him to get him backC. booked tickets for him if necessaryD. were closer about how he traveled abroad58. From the passage, we can learn that _______.A. Johnny worked for a daily paperB. Johnny lacked a sense of adventureC. Johnny went exploring along the Amazon RiverD. Johnny went to Brazil months after he finished school.BEditor Henry Slocum,I read your May 10th article in the local newspaper Honesdale Times about electronic books, or e-books, with great interest. You made several good points about the disadvantage of e-books. You may have overlooked, however, some of the ways in which they are superior to traditional books. Yes, e-books are expensive, but they are also convenient. In addition, duo to their environment-friendly nature, e-books have the potential to change our planets for the better.E-books, for anyone who is unfamiliar with the term, are about the same size and shape as regular books. They have a large screen in the middle, however, this screen shows the reader a page of the text that has been downloaded from a computer. Once the reader has finished reading the page on the e-book screen, he or she scrolls down to see a new page. The process continues until the entire book has been read.As you pointed out, Mr. Slocum, it’s great to lie on a warm, sandy beach with a book. You can do that just as easily with an e-book as you can with a traditional paper book. In fact, because e-books are so light, you can carry themselves. Say, for example, that you like to read on the bus. Which would you rather carry with you---a heavy 800-page novel, or an e-book that weighs only a few ounces?Another important advantage is offered by e-books as well. They are more environment-friendly than traditional books. At present, thousands of trees cut down each year to meet the publishing industry’s demand for paper. Books that don’t sell are eventually returned to the publisher and destroyed, This terrible waste could be avoided if everyone used e-books, which require no paper.Sincerely,David Eng59. What does Editor Henry Slocum think about e-books?A. InterestingB. ExpensiveC. ConvenientD. Environment-friendly60. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 2?A. What an e-book isB. Why e-books are popularC. How e-books have developedD. Who are the readers of e-books61. In David’s letter, he thinks that_______A. E-books will come down in priceB. E-books come in various sizes and shapesC. E-books do little harm to the environmentD. E-books are no better than traditional books62. The main purpose of the letter is to ________A. explain how to read e-booksB. honor the person who invented e-booksC. scold publishers for wasting so much paperD. provide evidence that e-books are a good ideaCLosing weight comes with a lot of health benefits---including make your brain sharper.Yes, it turns out that overweight may damage cognitive functions such as memory and attention. There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning, possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance. Losing weight, therefore, may help improve these mental functions, according to a new research led by John Gunstad, assistant professor of psychology at Kent State University.Growing evidence suggests that being fat is linked to cognitive deficits(缺陷). So Gunstad and his team guessed that losing weight might improve mental function. For their study, they measured memory and attention in a group of 150 overweight participants, some of whom had some king of operation for weight loss and some did not. All of the volunteers completed mental skills tests to access their abilities if memory and attention at the beginning of the study, and again 12 weeks later. To begin with, about 24%of the patients showed damaged learning and 23%showed signs of poor memory when tested. At the end of the study, those who had lost weight after operation improved their scores into the average or above average for cognitive functions. Scores for the volunteer who didn’t lose weight dropped even further.The study helped, Gunstad to find out whet her losing weight had any effect on mental function. Now that he’s been the positive effect that weight loss can have one memory and attention, he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional way—eating healthier and getting more active. He expects that losing weight in this way will have a similarly positive effect on the brain. “If we can improve the condition with operation, then we can probably produce the same change with behavioral weight loss as well.” He says.63. There is less research on overweight and cognitive functions because researchers________.A. believe overweight only affects our bodyB. have focused on ways to sharpen people’s mindC. do not consider overweight a main cause for low cognitive abilityD. are clear about the relation between weight and mental functions64. The result of Gunstad’s study shows that_______A. losing weight has little effect on people’s memoryB. Losing weight can improve people’s mental functionsC. overweight people are likely to have psychology problemD. overweight people’s abilities of concentration differ greatly65. What is Gunstad planning to prove next in his research?A. Slim people are smarter than overweight peopleB. Healthy diet is better than exercise in losing weightC. Traditional ways of losing weight are better than operationD. Overweight people will get smarter by taking more exercise66. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Body Weight and HealthB. Losing Weight by OperationC. Ways to Improve Mental FunctionsD. Losing Weight to Sharpen Your MindDSeeing in StereoHave you wondered why you have two eyes and why they are set close together on the front of your face? The reasons are simple and important to the way you see the rest of your world.Your eyes are like two small cameras. A camera catches an image of an object and records it on film. Similarly, when you look at something, each eye takes in what it sees and sends this image to the back of the eyeball. Because your eyes are set close together, they view the world from about the same height but from slightly different angles. Working as a team, they eyes send the images to your brain, which puts them together into a single, centered image.Seeing in stereo means seeing with two eyes working together, which is called stereoscopic sight. This allows you to view the world in three dimensions, or 3-D. Seeing depth helps you to judge the distance between you and the objects you see and to adjust to the changing angle at which you see something as you move closer to or farther away from it. If images are coming from only one eye, however, only two of these dimensions—height and width---can be perceived. A world seen with one eye is thus two-dimensional, as in a photograph.Now consider why your two eyes are on the front of your face. Think of other animals with the same arrangement. They are all animal that hunt, like lions and wolves. Their eyes face directly in front of them. This provided a field of sight about 180 degree wide, which is called binocular sight. On the other hand, animals that are hunted have eyes on the sides of the head, which provides nearly 360-degree field of sight. In order to stay alive, they need to see things coming from the sides and from behind. However, without stereoscopic sight, they have difficulty determining how far a danger is.With sight both stereoscopic and binocular, human share with animal hunters the ability to see from side to side and to accurately determine the distance. If you think it would be great to have another type of sight, perhaps with hundreds of tiny eyes like many insects do, think again! Each tiny insect eye sees only a tiny part. Besides, what if you needed glasses? Be glad for the eyesight that you have.67. According to the passage, an eye is like a camera because both_______A. can record imagesB. can imagine objectsC. provide centered imagesD. work at the same height68. Stereoscopic sight is a result of having_________.A. a three-hundred-sixty-degree field of sightB. hundreds of eyes, all seeing parts of an imageC. two eyes close to one another that work togetherD. one eye on either side of the head, each seeing a different image69. The underlined word “perceived” in paragraph 3means________.A. setB. takenC. seenD. understood70. The author implies that “seeing in stereo”________.A. is similar to the way camera workB. is an ability humans are fortunate to haveC. would be better for a wider field of sightD. helps people to have better sight than animals第二节Puppy FoodA puppy (young dog) is a precious addition to any family. The excitement of bringing home a little furry friend will always live in our memories. Like all of us, though, your puppy must have adequate nutrition right from the start to make cer tain that it’ll have a long and healthy life.____71____You might ask yourself what is the best for your new pet with all of the different varieties on the market in all of their attractive packaging. Some dry food produced especially for puppies is the best for the development of their teeth. _____72_____Contrary to the belief of many first time puppy owners, it is not always the best idea to purchase food that is too high in calcium, protein, and vitamin levels. _____73_____In addition, a high intake of calcium is associated with bone disease in large-breed dogs. If you have a small-breed puppy, you can buy that kind of food.It is not a good idea to feed the food you eat to your puppy frequently, as your puppy may become selective about food. ___74____Some people think that dog biscuits and other treats are fine, but they should not be a main part of puppy’s diet.Young puppies should be fed three times a day. Each puppy is unique, however, so feeding them twice a day is acceptable. After ten to twelve weeks of age, feed your puppy twice per day. Allow your puppy to cat as much as he would like in fifteen minutes. ____75____If you let your puppy eat too much or too often by keeping food accessible at all time, he may become overweight and have health problem as an adult. Like humans, your puppy will not enjoy the food any longer if it is there at all times.A.Pick up the dish with the remaining foodB.Proper food id a basic necessity for your puppiesC.Remember to give your puppy the food he would like to haveD.It can also cause an upset stomach due to an unbalanced dietE. A further benefit is that it is less expensive than the canned foodF.One example is that extra helpings of nutrients do harm to digestive organsG.It’s good to provide the extra nutrients a puppy n eeds until he grows larger.第四部分:书面表达(共两节,35分)第一节你的英国朋友Tim打算暑假来北京学习汉语,来信向你咨询你校国际版的汉语课程。

2014北京朝阳区高考英语一模试题及答案解析

2014北京朝阳区高考英语一模试题及答案解析

2014北京朝阳区高考英语一模试题及答案解析(考试时间l20分钟满分l50分)本试卷共12页,共150分。

考试时长120分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分:听力理解(共三节,30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题l.5分,共7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后,你将有l0秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

例:What is the man going to read?A.A newspaper.B.A magazine.C.A book.答案是A。

1.What are the two speakers talking about?A.A skirt.B.A clothes store.C.A blouse.2.What will the two speakers do?A.Finish a report.B.Go for a walk C.Borrow some books.3.What does the man ask the woman to do?A.Park the carB.Order the food quickly.C.Have a meal an hour later4.Where are the two speakers?A.In a store.B.In a hotel.C.At the airport.5.What is tlle woman worried about?A.Missing her flight.B.Having a traffic accident.C.Being late for the football game.第二节(共10小题;每小题l.5分,共15分)听下面4段对话或独白。

每段对话或独自后有几道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

2014—2015北京市朝阳区高三一模(生物)(含答案)

2014—2015北京市朝阳区高三一模(生物)(含答案)

2014—2015学年度北京市朝阳区高三生物第一次综合练习2015.4一、选择题1.下列关于细胞的叙述,正确的是A.都进行有氧呼吸 B.蛋白质的合成场所均相同C.都具有细胞周期 D.均可表现出接触抑制现象2. 萌发的种子中酶有两个来源,一是由干燥种子中的酶活化而来,二是萌发时重新合成。

研究发现种子萌发时,新的RNA在吸水后12h开始合成,而蛋白质合成在种子吸水后15-20min便可开始。

以下叙述不.正确的是A.有些酶、RNA可以在干种子中长期保存B.干燥种子中自由水与结合水的比例低于萌发种子C.萌发时消耗的有机物根本上来源于母体的光合作用D.种子吸水后12h内新蛋白质的合成不需要RNA参与3. 下图表示高等动物细胞间信息交流方式。

据图推断错误..的是A.图1、2中的细胞b、d可以是同一种细胞B.图1、3所示的方式不能同时发生在免疫调节中C.图1、2、3所示方式的实现均需要受体参与D.图1、2、3所示方式利于实现细胞间功能的协调4.下列有关生物多样性和进化的叙述,正确的是A.基因突变和自然选择均定向改变种群的基因频率B.群落演替过程中生物多样性增加,生物不发生进化C.共生关系的两种生物在进化过程中可形成适应对方的特征D.生态系统保持相对稳定,体现了生物多样性的直接价值5.下列实验做法不.能达到实验预期的是A.用兔成熟红细胞制备细胞膜和粗提取DNAB.制作泡菜时向坛盖边沿的水槽中注满清水C.制作果酒时适时拧松瓶盖,制作果醋时持续供氧D.用稀释涂布平板法估测某土壤浸出液中活菌数目二、非选择题29.(18分)油菜素内酯是植物体内一种重要的激素。

为探究油菜素内酯(BL)对生长素(IAA)生理作用的影响,研究人员做了如下实验。

(1)实验一:利用不同浓度的BL和IAA处理油菜萌发的种子,观察其对主根伸长的影响。

结果如图所示。

由图可知,单独IAA处理,对主根伸长的影响是__________;BL与IAA同时处理,在IAA浓度为__________nM时,BL对主根伸长的抑制作用逐渐增强;当IAA浓度继续增加时,BL对主根伸长的影响是__________。

解析版】【2014朝阳一模】北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习 理综生物试题

解析版】【2014朝阳一模】北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习 理综生物试题

解析版】【2014朝阳一模】北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习理综生物试题1.正确的叙述是:核糖体是由rRNA和蛋白质组成的“装配机器”,用于蛋白质的合成。

2.不可能发生的是:性激素→下丘脑,性激素→垂体。

这个过程中缺少了一个关键的步骤——下丘脑释放促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)刺激垂体分泌性激素。

3.相关叙述不正确的是:细胞中DNA第二次复制完成时,每条染色体的单体均带有3H标记。

正确的是,只有其中一条链带有3H标记。

4.错误的分析是:若H7N9禽流感病毒侵入人体,机体的T细胞会合成并分泌淋巴因子。

正确的是,机体的B细胞会合成并分泌抗体。

5.正确的叙述是:黄花刺茄可在荒地、路边、弃耕地、过度放牧的草地中取得优势地位,对本地物种造成危害。

控制黄花刺茄的方法主要有化学防治和人为铲除,但化学防治并不是最好的方法。

6.图1显示了不同污染程度下A植物叶片的叶绿素含量、光合速率和气孔导度。

可以看出,随着污染程度的增加,叶绿素含量和光合速率均下降,气孔导度则上升。

这说明城市环境污染对A植物的生命活动产生了负面影响,导致其光合作用受到抑制。

2)研究者发现果蝇2号染色体上还有一个纯合致死基因B,因此他们得到了一个“平衡致死系”果蝇品系,在该品系中,基因B和卷翅基因A位于同一染色体上。

在该品系中,雌雄果蝇可以自由交配,而子代中杂合子的概率为50%。

推测在这个品系中,卷翅基因A的频率会保持稳定,不会发生逐代变化。

3)图中显示了胰液分泌的调节过程。

盐酸的刺激可以引起神经末梢释放乙酰胆碱,从而刺激胰腺分泌胰液。

这是通过神经调节方式来调节胰液分泌的。

反射弧的效应器是胃,当胃中有食物时,胃壁会被拉伸,从而刺激神经末梢释放胃泌素,促进胰腺分泌胰液。

这是通过激素调节方式来调节胰液分泌的。

4)为了检测野生型果蝇的2号染色体上是否有决定新性状的隐性突变基因,可以进行以下杂交实验:用“平衡致死系”果蝇的雌性与待检的野生型果蝇的雄性杂交,得到F1代。

【2014朝阳一模】北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习英语试题Word版含解析

【2014朝阳一模】北京市朝阳区2014届高三第一次综合练习英语试题Word版含解析

(考试时间l20分钟满分l50分)本试卷共12页,共150分。

考试时长120分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分:听力理解(共三节,30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题l.5分,共7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后,你将有l0秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

例:What is the man going to read?A.A newspaper.B.A magazine.C.A book.答案是A。

1.What are the two speakers talking about?A.A skirt.B.A clothes store.C.A blouse.2.What will the two speakers do?A.Finish a report.B.Go for a walk C.Borrow some books.3.What does the man ask the woman to do?A.Park the carB.Order the food quickly.C.Have a meal an hour later4.Where are the two speakers?A.In a store.B.In a hotel.C.At the airport.5.What is tlle woman worried about?A.Missing her flight.B.Having a traffic accident.C.Being late for the football game.第二节(共10小题;每小题l.5分,共15分)听下面4段对话或独白。

每段对话或独自后有几道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

2014北京朝阳区高考理数一模答案

2014北京朝阳区高考理数一模答案

北京市朝阳区高三年级第一次综合练习数学答案(理工类)15.(本小题满分13分)解:()f x=sin2cos2x x-)4xπ=-.(Ⅰ)())12242fπππ=⋅-==.显然,函数()f x的最小正周期为π.………………………… 8分(Ⅱ)令ππ3π2π22π242k x k+-+≤≤得37ππππ88k x k++≤≤,k∈Z.又因为[]0,πx∈,所以3π7π,88x⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦.函数()f x在[]0,π上的单调减区间为3π7π,88⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦.……………………… 13分16.(本小题满分13分)解:(I)设事件A:从20位学生中随机抽取一位,抽到运动协调能力或逻辑思维能力优秀的学生.由题意可知,运动协调能力或逻辑思维能力优秀的学生共有(6)a+人.则62()205aP A+==.解得2a=.所以4b=.………………………… 4分(II)设事件B:从20人中任意抽取2人,至少有一位运动协调能力或逻辑思维能力优秀的学生.由题意可知,至少有一项能力测试优秀的学生共有8人.则21222062()1()195CP B P BC=-=-=.………………………… 7分(III)ξ的可能取值为0,1,2.20位学生中运动协调能力或逻辑思维能力优秀的学生人数为8人.所以21222033(0)95C P C ξ===,1112822048(1)95C C P C ξ===,2822014(2)95C P C ξ===.所以ξ的分布列为所以,334814764012959595955E ξ=⨯+⨯+⨯== ………………………… 13分17. (本小题满分14分)(Ⅰ)证明:取PD 的中点G ,连接FG ,AG .因为F ,G 分别是PC ,PD 的中点,所以FG 是△PCD 的中位线.所以FG ∥CD ,且12FG CD =.又因为E 是AB 的中点,且底面ABCD 为正方形,所以1122AE AB CD ==,且AE ∥CD .所以AE ∥FG ,且AE FG =. 所以四边形AEFG 是平行四边形.所以EF ∥AG . 又EF ⊄平面PAD ,AG ⊂平面PAD ,所以EF 平面PAD . …………………………4分 (Ⅱ)证明: 因为平面PAD ⊥平面ABCD ,PA AD ⊥,且平面PAD I 平面ABCD AD =,所以PA ⊥平面ABCD . 所以PA AB ⊥,PA AD ⊥.又因为ABCD 为正方形,所以AB AD ⊥, 所以,,AB AD AP 两两垂直.以点A 为原点,分别以, , AB AD AP 为, , x y z 轴, 建立空间直角坐标系(如图).由题意易知AB AD AP ==, 设2AB AD AP ===,则(0,0,0)A ,(2,0,0)B ,(2,2,0)C ,(0,2,0)D ,(0,0,2)P ,(1,0,0)E ,(1,1,1)F .因为(0,11)EF =uu u r ,,(022)PD =-uu u r ,,,(200)CD =-uu u r,,, 且(0,11)(0,2,2)0EF PD ⋅=⋅-=uu u r uu u r ,,(0,11)(2,00)0EF CD ⋅=⋅-=uu u r uu u r,, 所以EF PD ⊥,EF CD ⊥.又因为PD ,CD 相交于D ,所以EF ⊥平面PCD . ………………………… 9分 (Ⅲ)易得(102)EP =-uu r ,,,(0,22)PD =-uu u r,. 设平面EPD 的法向量为(, , )x y z =n ,则 0,0.EP PD ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩uur uuu r n n所以 20,220. x z y z -+=⎧⎨-=⎩即2,. x z y z =⎧⎨=⎩令1z =,则(2,1,1)=n .由(Ⅱ)可知平面PCD 的法向量是(0,11)EF =uu u r,, 所以cos ,EF EF EF⋅〈〉===⋅uu u ruu u r uu u r n n n 由图可知,二面角E PD C --的大小为锐角, 所以二面角E PD C --. …………………………14分 18. (本小题满分13分)解:函数()f x 的定义域是(0,)+∞, 1()f x ax x '=-21ax x-=.(Ⅰ)(1)当0a =时,1()0f x x'=-<,故函数()f x 在(0,)+∞上单调递减.(2)当0a <时,()0f x '<恒成立,所以函数()f x 在(0,)+∞上单调递减.(3)当0a >时,令()0f x '=,又因为0x >,解得x .①当x ∈时,()0f x '<,所以函数()f x在单调递减.②当)x ∈+∞时,()0f x '>,所以函数()f x在)+∞单调递增.综上所述,当0a ≤时,函数()f x 的单调减区间是(0,)+∞,当0a >时,函数()f x的单调减区间是,单调增区间为)+∞.……7分 (Ⅱ)(1)当0a ≤时,由(Ⅰ)可知,()f x 在[1,e]上单调递减,所以()f x 的最小值为21(e)e 112f a =-=,解得240ea =>,舍去.(2)当0a >时,由(Ⅰ)可知,1,即1a ≥时,函数()f x 在[1,e]上单调递增,所以函数()f x 的最小值为1(1)12f a ==,解得AE BCDPFG2a =.②当1e <,即211e a <<时,函数()f x在上单调递减,在上单调递增, 所以函数()f x的最小值为11ln 122f a =+=,解得e a =,舍去.e ,即210e a <≤时,函数()f x 在[1,e]上单调递减,所以函数()f x 的最小值为21(e)e 112f a =-=,得24ea =,舍去.综上所述,2a =. …………………………13分19. (本小题满分14分)解:(Ⅰ)由题意得221314c a a b ⎧⎪⎪⎨⎪+=⎪⎩,解得=2a ,1b =.所以椭圆C 的方程是2214x y +=. ………………………… 4分(Ⅱ)以线段PQ 为直径的圆过x 轴上的定点.由22(1)14y k x x y =-⎧⎪⎨+=⎪⎩得2222(14)8440k x k x k +-+-=. 设1122(,),(,)A x y B x y ,则有2122814k x x k +=+,21224414k x x k -=+.又因为点M 是椭圆C 的右顶点,所以点(2,0)M .由题意可知直线AM 的方程为11(2)2y y x x =--,故点112(0,)2y P x --. 直线BM 的方程为22(2)2y y x x =--,故点222(0,)2y Q x --. 若以线段PQ 为直径的圆过x 轴上的定点0(,0)N x ,则等价于0PN QN ⋅=uuu r uuu r恒成立.又因为1012(,)2y PN x x =-uuu r ,2022(,)2y QN x x =-uuu r , 所以221212001212224022(2)(2)y y y y PN QN x x x x x x ⋅=+⋅=+=----uuu r uuu r 恒成立. 又因为121212(2)(2)2()4x x x x x x --=-++2222448241414k k k k -=-+++ 22414k k =+,212121212(1)(1)[()1]y y k x k x k x x x x =--=-++22222448(1)1414k k k k k -=-+++22314k k -=+,所以2222212000212212414304(2)(2)14k y y k x x x k x x k -++=+=-=--+.解得0x =故以线段PQ 为直径的圆过x轴上的定点(. ………………………… 14分20. (本小题满分13分)解:(Ⅰ)符合要求的递增等差数列为1,2,3;2,3,4;3,4,5;1,3,5,共4个.所以(5,3)4f =. ………………………… 3分 (Ⅱ)设满足条件的一个等差数列首项为1a ,公差为d ,d *∈N .1019a a d =+,10110011199a a d --==≤,d 的可能取值为1,2,,11L .对于给定的d ,11091009a a d d =--≤, 当1a 分别取1,2,3,,1009d -L 时,可得递增等差数列 1009d -个(如:1d =时,191a ≤,当1a 分别取1,2,3,,91L 时,可得递增等差数列91个:1,2,3,,11L ;2,3,4,,12L ;L ;91,92,93,,100L ,其它同理).所以当d 取1,2,,11L 时,可得符合要求的等差数列的个数为:(100,10)100119(1211)1100966506f =⋅-⋅+++=-⋅=L .………………………… 8分(Ⅲ)设等差数列首项为1a ,公差为d ,1(1)m a a m d =+-,1111m a a n d m m --=--≤,记11n m --的整数部分是t ,则11111n n t m m ---<--≤,即111n m n t m m --<--≤.d 的可能取值为1,2,,t L ,对于给定的d ,1(1)(1)m a a m d n m d =----≤,当1a 分别取1,2,3,,(1)n m d --L 时,可得递增等差 数列(1)n m d --个.所以当d 取1,2,,t L 时,得符合要求的等差数列的个数2(1)121(,)(1)222t t m n m f n m nt m t t +--+=--⋅=-+22121(21)()22(1)8(1)m n m n m t m m --+-+=--+--易证21112(1)1n m n m n m m m --+-<---≤. 又因为211||12(1)2(1)n m n m m m m m --++-=---,2113||2(1)12(1)n m n m m m m -+---=---, 所以21211||||12(1)2(1)1n m n m n m n m m m m --+-+-->-----. 所以(1)(,)(1)2t t f n m nt m +=--⋅(1)()(1)11(1)122(1)n m n mn m n m n m m n m m m --+--+-->⋅--⋅=--. 即()(1)(,)2(1)n m n f n m m -+>-. ………………………… 13分北京市朝阳区高三年级第一次综合练习数学(理工类)选填解析一、 选择题 1.【答案】B【解析】解:2i(2+i)=2i i 12i z =+=-+对应的点为(1,2)-所以对应的点在第二象限. 故选B .2.【答案】A【解析】解:1{|()1}{|0}2xA x x x =<=>,{|lg 0}{|1}B x x x x =>=>所以{|0}A B x x =>U .故选A3.【答案】B【解析】解:因为(2)()=2⋅--a +b a b , 所以2222+⋅-=-a a b b所以22cos ,22+<>-=-a a b a b b 又2==a b ,所以44cos ,82+<>-=-a b所以1cos ,2<>=a b所以π,3<>=a b .故选B4.【答案】A【解析】解:阴影部分面积为134100111|0444x dx x ==-=⎰;区域D 的面积为111⨯=; 由几何概型知识,得概率为114=14.故选A .5.【答案】B【解析】解:若AC =π4A =,BC =sin sin AC A B BC ⋅===又(0,π)B ∈,则π3B =或2π3.所以“AC =π3B =”; 另一方面,若π4A =,BC =π3B =,则sin sin BC B AC A ⋅===π3B =”能推出“AC .所以“AC =π3B =”的必要不充分条件. 故选B6.【答案】D故答案为D .7.【答案】C【解析】解:对于①,因为22sin()sin ()()()11x xf x f x x x --==-=--++,所以()f x 为奇函数,图象关于原点对称,①正确;对于②,因为sin y x =是周期函数,211y x =+不是周期函数,所以2sin ()1xf x x =+不是周期函数,故②不正确;对于③,因为()f x 图象连续不断且定义域为R ,所以()f x 的最大值一定是()f x 的极值;而222cos (1)sin 2'()(1)x x x x f x x +-⋅=+,22ππ'()0π2(1)4f -=≠+,所以当2x π=时,函数()f x 不取极值,故③错;对于④,由于()f x 与1y x=均关于原点对称,所以只需考虑0x >部分,因为22sin 11()11x f x x x x =<<++,故函数()f x 的图象与函数1y x=的图象没有公共点,④正确.故答案选C8.【答案】D【解析】如图,设圆心(0,0)到直线y x m =+的距离d =,所以MN =uuu r如图,2OM ON OA d +===uuur uuu r uu r又MN ON ≥+uuu r uuu r ,则≥,解得m -≤≤故答案选D .二、 填空题 9.【答案】30【解析】解:设{}n a 的公比为q ,因为12a =,2312a a +=,所以21112a q a q +=,即260q q +-=,(3)(2)0q q +-=,所以3q =-(舍),2q =所以34116a a q ==,4123430S a a a a =+++=;故答案为30.10.【答案】2【解析】解:由2cos ρθ=,得22cos ρρθ=,222x y x +=,22(1)1x y -+=;由cos 4ρθ=,得4x =;圆心(1,0)到4x =的距离的为3. 所以线段AB 长度的最小值为312-=; 故答案为2.11.【答案】1,23【解析】由三视图知,几何体为地面为等腰直角三角形,高为1的三棱锥;所以体积111211323V =⨯⨯⨯⨯=;表面积112121222S =⨯⨯+⨯⨯++=故答案为1,23+12.【答案】【解析】解:因为双曲线2221(0)y x b b-=>,所以焦点(,准线为y bx =±;又焦点到其渐近线的距离是22=,即2b =.离心率为ca== 故答案为13.【答案】72【解析】解:分步计数原理,33233272A A A ⋅⋅=.故答案为72.14.【答案】2【解析】解:如图建立空间直角坐标系,设SB a =,(03)AE b b =≤≤ 则(0,0,)S a ,(3,1,0)C -,(,1,0)E b所以(,1,)ES b a =--uu r ,(3,2,0)EC b =--uu u r因为90SEC ∠=︒,2320ES EC b b ⋅=-++=uu r uu u r,解得1b =或2. 故答案为2.本试卷由重庆家教网上传!。

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北京市朝阳区2014届高三3月第一次综合练习
理科综合试题生物部分2014.3
1.下列有关真核细胞的叙述中,正确的是
A.核糖体是蛋白质的“装配机器”,由蛋白质和mRNA组成
B.醋酸洋红进入细胞使染色体着色,体现了膜的选择透过性
C.衰老细胞内染色质的收缩会影响遗传信息的表达
D.原癌基因和抑癌基因的表达会导致正常细胞发生癌变
2.在细胞和生物体的生命活动中,不.可能发生的是
A.DNA→RNA→氨基酸
B.内质网膜→囊泡膜→高尔基体膜
C.性激素→下丘脑,性激素→垂体
D.生长素→果实发育,生长素→发芽
3.用3H标记蚕豆根尖分生区细胞的DNA分子双链,再将这些细胞转入含秋水仙素但不含3H的普通培养基中培养。

若秋水仙素对细胞连续发挥作用,则相关叙述不.正确的是
A.秋水仙素可抑制纺锤体的形成,但不影响着丝点的正常分裂
B.通过对细胞中不含单体时的染色体计数,可推测DNA复制的次数
C.通过检测DNA链上3H标记出现的情况,可推测DNA的复制方式
D.细胞中DNA第二次复制完成时,每条染色体的单体均带有3H标记
条染色体中只有1条染色单体的一条链带有标记,故D错误。

考点:本题考查DNA复制和细胞分裂相关知识,意在考察考生对知识点的理解和对信息的理解能力。

4.下列关于生产措施或生活现象的分析,错误
..的是
A.零度以上低温贮存果蔬,可降低呼吸酶活性,减少有机物的分解
B.提倡慢跑,可防止因肌细胞无氧呼吸积累乳酸而导致的酸胀乏力
C.若H7N9禽流感病毒侵入人体,机体的T细胞会合成并分泌淋巴因子
D.由于亚硝酸盐含量先减少后增加,故应在其含量增加前尽快食用泡菜
5.黄花刺茄是具有很强的耐贫瘠和耐干旱特性的草本植物,原产北美洲,我国于1981年首次发现该物种入侵,目前已在多省区有分布,对本地物种造成危害。

以下叙述正确的是
A.黄花刺茄可以增加入侵地的物种多样性,提高生态系统的生态功能
B.荒地、路边、弃耕地、过度放牧的草地,黄花刺茄可取得优势地位
C.控制黄花刺茄的方法主要有化学防治和人为铲除,化学防治最好
D.导致黄花刺茄在入侵地呈J型疯长的主要原因是其基因发生了突变
29.(20分)为研究城市环境污染和A植物生命活动的关系,相关人员进行了如下研究。

(1)研究者测定了不同污染程度下A植物叶片光合色素的相关指标,结果如图1。

请回答下列问题:
①叶绿体中色素分布在,可用提取叶片中的色素。

②据图1可知,随污染程度的加剧,叶绿素的含量,其中叶绿素b含量变化的程度(大于/小于/等于)叶绿素a。

③进一步分析,随污染加剧,叶片中色素含量的变化会直接影响光合作用的阶段,进而使叶片中制造有机物的量(增加/减少)。

(2)研究发现,与A植物共生的细菌X对受重金属污染的A植物的生长有影响。

①实验一:采集污染地区累积重金属的A植物,从其体内分离得到共生菌X。

a.植物组织块消毒后,用无菌水多次冲洗,将最后一次冲洗过植物组织块的无菌水涂布于适宜的固体培养基上,适宜条件下培养一定时间后,若,则证明植物组织块表面已达到无菌状态。

b.在无菌条件下,将经a步骤处理的植物组织块制作浸出液并梯度稀释,涂布于适宜的固体培养基上,培养一定时间后,培养基上出现不同形态的菌落,表明。

c.将上述步骤中得到的细菌,在含的选择培养基中培养,从而得到耐重金属的共生细菌X。

②实验二:观察在重金属污染条件下细菌X对A植物生长的影响。

a.将细菌X与体内无细菌的A植物共培养,得到与细菌X共生的A植物若干株;将等量体内无细菌的A植物作为对照。

b.将上述植物在含不同浓度的重金属培养液中培养,观察其生长状况,结果如图2(忽略植物体中细菌X 的重量)。

通过以上结果可以得出的结论是。

③经检测,重金属在与细菌X共生的A植物组织和对照植物组织中的浓度相同,且单位体积植物组织中水含量相同。

结合图2可以得出,与细菌X共生的A植物中重金属的总量较对照植物(高/低/相等)。

④综上所述,同体内无细菌的A植物相比,与细菌X共生的A植物(利于/不利于)清除环
境中的重金属污染物。

【答案】(20分)
(1)①类囊体薄膜上有机溶剂(无水乙醇)
②逐渐下降大于(1分)
③光反应减少(1分)
(2)①a.培养基上无菌落
b.A植物内部有多种菌存在
c.(一定浓度)重金属
②b.随重金属浓度的增加,对植物生长的抑制作用加强;细菌X可缓解此抑制作用
③高(1分)
④利于(1分)
30.(14分)果蝇卷翅基因A是2号染色体(常染色体)上的一个显性突变基因,其等位基因a控制野生型翅型。

(1)杂合卷翅果蝇的体细胞中2号染色体上DNA碱基排列顺序(相同/不相同),位于该对染色体上决定不同性状基因的传递(遵循/不遵循)基因自由组合定律。

(2)卷翅基因A纯合时致死,推测在随机交配的果蝇群体中,卷翅基因的频率会逐代。

(3)研究者发现2号染色体上的另一纯合致死基因B,从而得到“平衡致死系”果蝇,其基因与染色体关
系如右图。

该品系的雌雄果蝇互交(不考虑交叉互换和基因突变),其子代中杂合子的概率是;子代与亲代相比,子代A基因的频率(上升/下降/不变)。

(4)欲利用“平衡致死系”果蝇来检测野生型果蝇的一条2号染色体上是否出现决定新性状的隐性突变基因,可做下列杂交实验(不考虑杂交过程中的交叉互换及新的基因突变):
P “平衡致死系”果蝇(♀)×待检野生型果蝇(♂)
F1选出卷翅果蝇
雌雄果蝇随机交配
F2 ?
若F2代的表现型及比例为,说明待检野生型果蝇的2号染色体上没有决定新性状的隐性突变基因。

若F2代的表现型及比例为,说明待检野生型果蝇的2号染色体上有决定新性状的隐性突变基因。

31.(16分)下图表示胰液分泌调节的部分过程。

请回答下列问题:
(1)盐酸刺激,从而使其分泌,经传送至胰腺,促使其分泌胰液。

表明机体通过方式调节胰液的分泌。

(2)图示中反射弧的效应器为。

表明机体还可通过方式调节胰液的分泌。

(3)研究者又进一步研究刺激迷走神经、注射不同剂量促胰液素对胰液分泌量的效应,结果如下表。

处理方式时间/剂量分泌量时间/剂量分泌量时间/剂量分泌量
由表中数据可知,单独刺激迷走神经或注射促胰液素与二者同时作用相比, 对胰腺分泌胰液的促进作用更显著,表明调节胰液分泌的两种方式具有 作用。

(滴/15min ) (滴/15min ) (滴/15min ) 刺激迷走神经 3min 8 3min 8 3min 8 注射促胰液素 1mg 11 2mg 37 3mg
62
刺激迷走神经同时注射促胰液素 3min 和
1mg
43
3min

2mg
88
3min 和3mg 120。

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