生物技术专业英语
生物技术专业英语单词汇总
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absorption spectrum吸收光谱actin 肌动蛋白actin肌动蛋白actual 现行的additional额外的adenine腺嘌呤adhere 附着aerial hyphae 气生菌丝aflatoxin 黄曲霉素aggregates聚集体aggregation集合体algae 藻类algae藻类align on排一行在…alkaponuria尿黑酸alleles等位基因alter 改变alter改变amino acids 氨基酸anaphase后期anchors 固着anemia贫血症antenna天线apparent明显的approximately 大概arid干旱arrangement 排列array排列ascomycetes 子囊菌ascospores 子囊孢子ascus 子囊asexual 无性的asexual无性的assembled from集合assembled into 组装associate 与..联系associated 相关的atmospheric大气中的backbone主干,骨架basal body基体basidia 担子basidiocarp 担子果beadlike珠链状的bearer承载着bearing 含有biosynthetic生化的blending theory融合理论bond键bond键bond键boost激活bounded by 包被branch 分支breed true纯品系brief短暂的bubblelike泡状cap 盖,帽captured 捕获carbohydrates碳水化合物carboxylase羧化酶carotenoid类胡萝卜素catalyzed催化catastrophic灾难的categories 类别cell plate 细胞板cellular 细胞的centrioles中心粒centriole中心粒centromeres着丝粒centromere着丝粒chalones抑素chemotaxis趋药性chitin 几丁质chlorophyll叶绿素chromatid染色单体chromatin染色质chromoplast叶绿体chytridiomycele 亚壶纲cilia(单cilium)纤毛citric acid 柠檬酸classes 纲classification 分类clay泥土cleaved分解club shaped 棒状的clusters成簇coacervates团聚体code编码code密码coenocytic 多核的coenocytic 多核的coenzyme辅酶coiled srands螺旋线coiling螺旋coil螺旋comert..into把..转变成complementary strand互补链complex复杂的component 成分component原件composite 复合的composition组成composition组成compound转化成comprise 包含condensed形成condese浓缩conidia 子实体conservative保留constituent结构constructive work建设性工作contractile 可收缩的contraction 收缩contract收缩converted to转化成core核心cosmic explosion宇宙大爆炸creeping 爬行crossing over交换crust地壳current当前的cytokinesis胞质分裂cytoplasm 细胞质cytosine胞嘧啶cytoskeleton 细胞骨架cytoskeleton 细胞骨架dalivery 释放damp 潮湿的decompose 分解decomposers 分解器deduced推断degrode降解demonstrate论证dense浓厚的deoxyribose脱氧核糖deposited堆积derive获得descendant后代descend经过deuteromycate 未知菌种diffusing 扩散的digestion 消化digestive enzymes消化酶digest消化dihybrid crosses双因子杂交dikaryotic 双核的dills菌褶diploid 二倍体diploid二倍体discharge 释放dispersal 分散dissolved in溶解在distinct 明显的distinctive 有特色的distinct独特的distinguished 以…为特征distributed分配distribut分布分结division 分裂dominant显性的donor供体double helix双螺旋doublet 二联体drew upon确立droplets液滴duplicate复制dynein动力蛋白dynein动力蛋白ecological 生态的elucidate阐明了embedded in 包埋embedded in包埋emergence出现encode编码endergoniv吸能的endoplasmic reticulum 内质网equator中部,赤道eukaryotic 真核生物exception例外excited state激发态exergonic 释放能量exert产生exhibit显示exportable protein输出蛋白exportable可运输的extend延伸external外部的extracellular 细胞外的fat 脂肪ferment 发酵ferredoxin铁氧还原蛋白filament 细丝filament纤维丝flagella(单flagellum)鞭毛flagellated 有鞭毛的fliamentous 细丝的formation形成,构造n。
常用生物学专业英语词汇
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常用生物学专业英语词汇XXX is a protein that is a major component of XXX refers to the process of initiating or increasing the activity of a molecule or system。
The active site is the n of an enzyme where XXX is one of the four nucleotide bases that make up DNA and RNA。
Adenosine XXX that allow cells to adhere to each other。
n refers to the process of XXX that has a specific effect on a system or XXX is a protein that is found in blood plasma。
Alleles are different ns of the same gene。
XXXXXX an amino group。
a carboxyl group。
and a side chain。
XXX refers to a class of cold-blooded vertebrates that can live on land or in water。
XXX to a process or organism that can n without oxygen。
Analysis refers to the process of breaking down a complex system or substance into XXX of the cell。
Anaphase-promoting complex (APC) is a protein complex that plays a key role in XXX to the study of the structure and n of XXX or ion that has a negative XXX-shaped XXX (ARS) is a DNA sequence that allows XXX of the main genome。
专业英语生物技术
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1、Cytoplasm细胞质2、properties财产,所有物;道具;性质,性能3、plasma membrane质膜4、Organelles 细胞器5、Filamentous细丝状的6、Cytoskeleton细胞骨架7、Chloroplasts 叶绿体8、Rough endoplasmic reticulum 粗糙内质网(RER)9、Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 滑面型内质网(SER)10、ribosome 核糖体11、nucleus 核仁12、nuclear pore 核孔=nucleolus13、nuclear envelope 核被膜14、golgi complex 高尔基复合体15、Mitochondrion线粒体16、Vacuole 液泡17、Primary pit 初生纹孔18、Cytoplasmic strand 胞质丝19、Centrioles 中心粒20、Ribosomes 核糖体21、Golgi vesicle 高尔基小囊泡22、Microvilli 细胞绒毛23、Lysosome 溶酶体24、Cell membrane 细胞膜25、Cell cortex 细胞皮层26、Microtubule 微管27、Microfilament 微丝28、actin 肌动蛋白29、basal body 基体30、chemotaxis 趋化性31、chromosome 染色体32、cilia纤毛(cilium复数)33、cristate .有鸡冠状凸起的,具嵴的34、crista嵴pl. cristae35、dynein [ ’daini:n ]n 动力蛋白,动素36、flagella [ flə‘d3elə ] (单flagellum )鞭毛37、Leucoplast白色体38、leucoplastid白色体,白色粒39、chromoplast有色体,细胞色素40、convolute 盘绕的,席卷的,旋转的41、latticework 网络结构,格子42、contractile 可收缩的43、intracellular细胞内的44、scaffold 脚手架,断头台,支架45、inpart传递,通知,给予46、tensile 张力的,抗张力的47、mechanoenzyme 机械酶48、kinesin 运动蛋白49、creep 爬行50、gliding 滑行的51、myosin 肌球蛋白52、nucleoid 拟核53、polysome 多核糖体54、perforate 贯穿于,穿孔于55、phagocytosis 吞噬作用56、pinocytosis 胞饮作用57、stroma 基质(pl stromata)58、soluble 可溶解的59、tubule 细管60、lacy带状的61、doublet 成对物,一对62、spindle 纺锤体63、spindle fiber 纺锤丝64、plastid 质体65、steroid类固醇66、free-living非寄生的67、subset 子集68、whiplike 像鞭子的69、lipofuscin 脂褐质70、tonicity 液体的渗透压,张力71、plasmalemma 质膜72、aqueous 多水的73、hysloplasm 胞基质74、telomere 端粒75、centromere 着丝粒76、analogous 类似的77、constituent委托人78、alga海藻79、algae藻类80、locomotion 移动力81、xanthophyll 叶黄素Technical Abbreviations 专用缩写ACTH 促肾上腺皮质激素ADP 腺嘌呤二磷酸核苷酸AMP 腺嘌呤一磷酸核苷酸ATP 腺嘌呤三磷酸核苷酸ATPase 腺嘌呤三磷酸核苷酸酶BCG 卡介苗BHC 六氯代环己烷CDP 胞嘧啶二磷酸核苷酸CMP 胞嘧啶一磷酸核苷酸CTP 胞嘧啶三磷酸核苷酸DDD 二氯二苯二氯乙烷DDE 二氯二苯二氯乙烯DDT 二氯二苯三氯乙烷DFP 氟磷酸二异丙酯DMSO 二甲亚砜DNA 脱氧核糖核酸DNase 脱氧核糖核酸酶EDTA 依地酸EGTA 依他酸ELISA 酶联免疫检测EPR 电顺磁共振ESR 电自旋共振FAD 黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸FADH2 还原型FSH 促卵泡激素GDP 鸟嘌呤二磷酸核苷酸GMP 鸟嘌呤一磷酸核苷酸GTP 鸟嘌呤三磷酸核苷酸HLA 人类组织适应性抗原IA 免疫响应相关IAA 吲哚乙酸IBA 吲哚丁酸IDP 二磷酸肌醇IMP 一磷酸肌醇ITP 三磷酸肌醇IQ 智商IR 红外线的LHRH 促黄体(生成--释放)激素LSD 麦角酸二乙酰胺,麦角酰二乙胺MSH 促黑素细胞激素NAD 烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸NADH 还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸NADP 烟酰胺腺嘌呤核苷酸磷酸NADPH 还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤核苷酸磷酸RES 网状内皮组织系统NMR 核磁共振RNase 核糖核酸酶TDP 核糖胸腺嘧啶二核苷酸TTP 核糖胸腺嘧啶三核苷酸TMP 核糖胸腺嘧啶单核苷酸SDS 十六烷硫酸钠PMR 质磁共振NMN 烟酰胺单核苷酸RNA 核糖核酸TPN 三磷酸吡啶核苷酸TPNH 还原型2,4,5-T 三氯苯氧基乙酸(除莠剂)TRH 促甲状腺释放激素TSH 促甲状腺激素UDP 尿嘧啶二磷酸核苷酸UTP 尿嘧啶三磷酸核苷酸UMP 尿嘧啶一磷酸核苷酸UV 紫外线XDP 黄嘌呤二磷酸核苷酸XMP 黄嘌呤一磷酸核苷酸XTP 黄嘌呤三磷酸核苷酸YAG g arnet ( laser ) 钇铝石榴石2,4-D 二氯苯氧乙酸SOD 超氧物岐化酶(SOD)POD 过氧化物酶PQ 质体醌PC 质蓝素Fd 铁氧还蛋白CAT 过氧化氢酶Fd----O2 假环式光合磷酸化Photosynthesis光合作用Gross~粗光能合成net~净光能合成carotene胡萝卜素xanthophyll叶黄素antenna ~天线叶绿素chlorophyllase叶绿素酶Protist原生生物protistology 原生生物学Molecular biology分子生物学~ volume 摩尔体积~ weight 分子量Bond键,链cellularity细胞结构,多孔性cellulose纤维素cellulase 纤维素酶Exergonic放能的Endergonic吸收能量的Oxidize氧化,生锈oxidizer氧化剂oxidization- reduction reactio 氧化还原反应oxidoreductase氧化还原酶superoxide dismutase 超氧物岐化酶perooxidase(POD)过氧化物酶polyphenol oxidase多酚氧化酶reductase还原酶pigmentacceessory ~辅助色素antenna ~天线色素pigmentation 色素沉淀Thylakoid intergranal ~基质间类囊体stroma ~基质类囊体grannum ~ grana ~ 基粒类囊体biomolecular lipid ~ 双分子质膜biomembrane生物膜endomembrane, 内膜outer membrane外膜osmotic ~渗透膜photosynthetic ~光合膜semipermeable ~半透膜tonoplast液泡膜Ultraviolet spectrophotometer紫外分光光度计Funnel 漏斗Aggregation聚合体Cleave劈开,穿过Donate捐赠donation捐赠,赠品donor共体electron donor电子供体electron acceptor 电子受体Plastoquinone 质体醌(PQ),plastocyanin 质体醌(PQ)Ferredoxin 质蓝素(PC)Coenzyme辅酶coenzyme A辅酶A(CoA)coupled to…… 把….. 结合到,与….. 相偶联coupling factor 偶联因子coupled site偶联部位Phosphate磷酸盐Inhibitor抑制剂Reprieve缓期执行,暂缓Anatomy解剖学,构造Thrive茁壮成长Rubsico 核酮糖二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶Catalyze催化catalazer催化剂catalase过氧化氢酶(CAT)Fructose果糖glucose葡萄糖maltose麦芽糖sucrose蔗糖Metablic metabolism 新陈代谢Glycolysis 糖酵解Pyruvate 丙酮酸盐Citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环Electron transpot chain 电子传递链Backbone 主干,主链Lameller 多层的,层状的lamella (pl, lamellae ) 薄层,薄片stroma~基质片层grana~基粒片层Chemosmotic 化学渗透的chemosmosis n. 化学渗透(作用)Vein叶脉Bundle捆,维管束sheath鞘状物,鞘bundle-sheath cell 鞘细胞anaphase 后期cell plate 细胞板centromere 着丝粒chalone 抑素chromatid 染色单体chromatin 染色质cytokinesis 胞质分裂diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体polyploid 多倍体histone 组蛋白homologous pair 同源染色体对heterologous pair 一员染色体对syngamy 有性生殖interphase 分裂间期karotype 核型meiosis 减数分裂metaphase 分裂中期metaphase plate 赤道板mitosis 有丝分裂nucleosome 核小体base pairs 碱基对prophase 分裂前期telophase 分裂末期synapsis 联会kinetochore 着丝点ascomycete 子囊菌ascospore 囊孢子ascus 子囊basidomycetes 担子菌basidiocarp 担子果basidium 担子conidium 分生孢子子实体fungi 真菌heterokaryon 异核体haphae 菌丝mycelium 菌丝体rhizoid 假根saprobe 腐生菌saprophyte 腐生物septate有隔膜的,分隔的Divided by a septumsporangium 孢子囊,孢子果thallus叶状体,扁平体gamete接合体, 配偶子aflatoxin黄曲霉毒素chitin壳素,角素coenocytic 多核体的,多核细胞的nonmotile不动的,无运动的morphology形态学flagellated生有鞭毛的,生有匍匐茎的terrestrial.地球上的,陆地的;。
生物科学生物技术专业英语词汇手册范本
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生物专业英语词汇——词素(词根)部分一、表示数量的词素1. haplo,mono,uni :单,一,独haploid 单倍体monoxide一氧化碳monoatomi c单原子的2. bi,di,dipl,twi,du ::二,双,两,偶biocolor 双色,dichromatic 双色的,diplobacillus 双杆菌dikaryon 双核体twin :孪生dual 双重的3. tri :三,丙triangle三角triacylglycerol三酰甘油tricarboxylic acid cycle 三羧酸循环4. quadri,quadru,quart,tetr,tetra:四quadrilateral四边的quadrivalent四价的quadruped四足动物tetrode四极管tetracycline四环素5. pent,penta,quique五pentose戊糖pentagon五角形pentane 戊烷quintuple 五倍的pentose戊糖pentomer五邻粒6. hex,hexa,sex 六hexose已糖hexapod六足动物hexapoda 昆虫纲hexamer六聚体7. hepta,sept(i) 七heptane 庚烷heptose 庚糖heptoglobin 七珠蛋白8. oct八octpus 章鱼octagon八角形octane 辛烷octase 辛糖9. enne,nona九nonapeptide 九肽enneahedron 九面体10. deca,deka 十:decapod 十足目动物decahedron 十面体decagram 十克11. hecto, 百hectometer百米hectoliter百升hectowatt 百瓦12. kilo,千kilodalton (KD) 千道尔顿kilobase 千碱基kiloelectron volt 千电子伏特13. deci,十分之一,分decimeter 分米decigram 十分之一克14. centi,百分之一15. milli,千分之一,毫millimole 毫摩(尔)milliliter 毫升16. micro,百万分之一,微,微小,微量microgram微克microogranism微生物microecology微生态学micropipet微量移液器17. nano十亿分之一,毫微,纳nanosecond十亿分之一秒nanometer纳米18. demi,hemi,semi半demibariel 半桶hemicerebrum 大脑半球semiopaque半透明semi-allel半等位基因semi-conductor 半导体19. holo 全,整体,完全holoenzyme 全酶holoprotein全蛋白holocrine全(质分)泌20. mega巨大,兆,百万megaspore大孢子,megabasse兆碱基megakaryocyte巨核细胞megavolt兆伏megalopolitan特大城市21. macro 大,巨大,多macrophage巨噬细胞macrogamete大配子macroelement常量元素macromolecular大分子22. poly,multi,mult 多,复合polyacrylate聚丙烯酸酯polymerase 聚合酶multichain多链的multinucleate 多核的multicistronic mRNA多顺反子mRNA multicopy多拷贝二、表示颜色的词素1 chrom颜色chromophore生色团chromosome染色体chromatography色谱法2 melan,melano,nigr 黑melanoma黑素瘤melanin黑色素melanophore黑色素细胞3 xantho,flavo,fla,flavi,lute黄xanthophyl叶黄素xanthous黄色的,黄色人种xathine黄嘌呤flavin(e)黄素flavone黄酮letein黄体素,叶黄素flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸4 erythro, rub, rubrm, ruf,红erythrocyte红细胞erythromycin 红霉素erythropoitin(EPO)促红细胞生成素5 chloro,chlor绿,氯chlorophyll叶绿素chloride氯化物chloramphenicol氯霉素6 cyan,cyano 蓝,青紫色,氰cyanophyceae 蓝藻纲cyanobacteria蓝细菌cyanide氰化物7 aur,glid,chrys金色aureomycin金霉素chrysose 金藻淀粉chrysanthemum菊花glidstone 金沙石glid 镀金8 leu,leuco,leuk,leuko,blan,alb无色,白色leucine亮氨酸leukaemia=leucosis白血病bleaching powder漂白粉albomycin白霉素三、表示摄食的词素1 –vore 食……动物,-vorous食……动物的algivore食藻动物carnivore 食肉动物herbivore 食草动物omnivore 杂食动物2-phage吃(食)食……生物(体)-phagous吃(食)……的phage 噬菌体phagocyte 吞噬细胞zoophage食肉动物saprophage腐食者四表示方位和程度的词素1 endo,ento,内,在内endocrine内分泌endocytosis胞吞作用endogamy近亲繁殖endolysin内溶素entoderm内胚层2 ec, ect, exc, extra 外,外面,表面ectoblast 外胚层ectoparasite 外寄生生物extract 抽取,浸出3 meso 中,中间mesosphere 中圈,中层mesoplast 中胚层质4 intra,intro,inter 在内,向内intra-allelic interaction 等位基因内相互作用intracellular(细)胞内的interurban城市之间5 centri,centro,medi,mid 中心,中央,中间centrifuge离心centriole 中心粒centrosome 中心体centrogeng着丝基因6 epi,peri 上,外,旁epidermal growth factor(EGF): 表皮生长因子epibranchial上鳃的perilune近月点7 sub,suc,suf,sug 下,低,小suborder 亚目submucosa粘膜下层subclone亚克隆subcellular亚细胞subsection小节,分部8 super,supra 上,高,超superconductor超导体superfluid 超流体superoxide 超氧化物supramolecular超分子的9 hyper 超过,过多hypersensitive 过敏的hyperelastic 超弹性的hypertension 高血压hyperploid 超倍体10 hypo下,低,次hypoglycaemia 低血糖hypotension低血压hypophysis脑下垂体11 iso 等,相同,同iso-osmotic等渗的isopod等足目动物isotope 同位素12 oligo,olig少,低,寡,狭oligohaline 狭盐性oligogene寡基因oligomer寡聚体oligophagous寡食性oligarchy寡头政治13 eury 多,宽,广eurythermal 广温的euryhaline广盐性eurytopic species广幅种14 ultr 超ultra-acoustics 超声学ultra-structure超微结构ultroviolet紫外线15 infra 下,低,远infralittoral 潮下带,远岸的infrahuman 类人生物infrared红外线的infrastructure基础结构,基本结构五表示动物不同器官和组织的词素1 cephal,capit,cran 头,头颅2 cyte 细胞3 carn,my,mya,myo,肉,肌肉4 haem,haemat,hem,aem,sangul 血5 soma,corp 体,身体6 some,plast 体,颗粒7 hepa,hepat 肝heparin 肝素hepatopancreas肝胰腺hepatocyte 肝细胞hepatoma肝癌8 ren,nephr 肾adrnal肾上腺的nephridia肾管nephron肾单位9 card,cord 心cardiotoxin 心脏毒素cardiovascular center 心血管中枢electrocardiogram心电图concord一致,和谐10 ophthalm,ocell,ocul 眼ophthalmology眼科学ophthalmia 眼炎ophthalmologist眼科专家11 branchi 鳃filibranch丝鳃lamellibrnch瓣鳃sencondary branchium次生鳃12 brac ,brachi 腕,手臂brachiolaria 短腕幼虫brachionectin 臂粘连蛋白bracelet手镯13 dent,odont 牙齿dentin牙质odontphora 齿舌odontoblast成牙质细胞14 plum羽plumatus 羽状的plumule绒毛plumage (鸟的)羽毛15 foli,foil 叶follicle滤泡foiling叶形foliage 叶子foliose 多叶的常用的前缀前缀的定义前面已经谈了,下面介绍各类常用前缀和含义,应予熟记。
生物工程(生物技术)专业英语翻译
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生物工程(生物技术)专业英语翻译Lesson One(4学时)Inside the Living Cell: Structure andFunction of Internal Cell Parts教学目的:使学生掌握细胞的组成结构(各种细胞器以及它们在细胞中的位置),Cytoplasm: The Dynamic, Mobile Factory细胞质:动力工厂Most of the properties we associate with life are properties of the cytoplasm. Much of the mass of a cell consists of this semifluid substance, which is bounded on the outside by the plasma membrane. Organelles are suspended within it, supported by the filamentous network of the cytoskeleton. Dissolved in the cytoplasmic fluid are nutrients, ions, soluble proteins, and other materials needed for cell functioning.生命的大部分特征表现在细胞质的特征上。
细胞质大部分由半流体物质组成,并由细胞膜(原生质膜)包被。
细胞器悬浮在其中,并由丝状的细胞骨架支撑。
细胞质中溶解了大量的营养物质,离子,可溶蛋白以及维持细胞生理需求的其它物质。
2The Nucleus: Information Central(细胞核:信息中心)The eukaryotic cell nucleus is the largest organelle and houses the genetic material (DNA) on chromosomes. (In prokaryotes the hereditary material is found in the nucleoid.) The nucleus also contains one or two organelles-the nucleoli-that play a role in cell division. A pore-perforated sac called the nuclear envelope separates the nucleus and its contents from the cytoplasm. Small molecules can pass through the nuclear envelope, but larger molecules such as mRNA and ribosomes must enter and exit via the pores.真核细胞的细胞核是最大的细胞器,细胞核对染色体组有保护作用(原核细胞的遗传物质存在于拟核中)。
生物工程专业英语3
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intuitive 【 ɪn‘tjuɪtɪv 】直觉的,直观的 vital 【 ‘vaɪt! 】有生命的
It cannot be ascertained whether these microbial processes arose by accidental observation or by intuitive experimentation but their further and continued development were early examples of man’s abilities to use the vital activities of organisms for his own needs.
manipulation【mə,nɪpju‘leʃən】操作、控制
其他的微生物过程,如奶酪和酸奶等发酵 乳制品的生产,以及酱油和豆豉等各种东 方食品的生产,都同样有悠久的历史。
Of more rencent introduction is mushroom cultivation which probably dates back many hundreds of years for Japanese shii-ta-ke cultivation and about 300 years for the Agaricus mushroom now widely cultivated throughout the temperate world.
因此,应该从广义上来理解生物学和化学 以及他们与生物技术之间的关系。
生物工程生物技术专业英语翻译
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Lesson One(4学时)Inside the Living Cell: Structure andFunction of Internal Cell Parts教学目的:使学生掌握细胞的组成结构(各种细胞器以及它们在细胞中的位置),Cytoplasm: The Dynamic, Mobile Factory细胞质:动力工厂Most of the properties we associate with life are properties of the cytoplasm. Much of the mass of a cell consists of this semifluid substance, which is bounded on the outside by the plasma membrane. Organelles are suspended within it, supported by the filamentous network of the cytoskeleton. Dissolved in the cytoplasmic fluid are nutrients, ions, soluble proteins, and other materials needed for cell functioning.生命的大部分特征表现在细胞质的特征上。
细胞质大部分由半流体物质组成,并由细胞膜(原生质膜)包被。
细胞器悬浮在其中,并由丝状的细胞骨架支撑。
细胞质中溶解了大量的营养物质,离子,可溶蛋白以及维持细胞生理需求的其它物质。
The Nucleus: Information Central(细胞核:信息中心)The eukaryotic cell nucleus is the largest organelle and houses the genetic material (DNA) on chromosomes. (In prokaryotes the hereditary material is found in the nucleoid.) The nucleus also contains one or two organelles-the nucleoli-that play a role in cell division.A pore-perforated sac called the nuclear envelope separates the nucleus and its contents from the cytoplasm. Small molecules can pass through the nuclear envelope, but larger molecules such as mRNA and ribosomes must enter and exit via the pores.真核细胞的细胞核是最大的细胞器,细胞核对染色体组有保护作用(原核细胞的遗传物质存在于拟核中)。
生物学专业英语试卷及答案
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一、词汇互译(共10小题,每题3分,共计30分1、citric acid:柠檬酸2、glucose isomerase:葡萄糖异构酶3、mutation:突变4、interferon:干扰素5、ultracentrifugation:超离心6、无血清培养基:serum free medium7、生物反应器:bioreactor8、包埋:entrapment9、参比变量:reference variable10、果糖:frutose二、英译汉(共5小题,每题10分,共计50分1、Most of the structures that make up animals,plants and microbes are made from three basic classes of molecule:amino acids,carbohydrates and lipids(often called fats.As these molecules are vital for life,metabolic reactions either focus on making these molecules during the construction of cells and tissues,or breaking them down and using them as a source of energy,in the digestion and use of food.构成动物、植物和微生物的主要结构是由三个基础种类的分子组成:氨基酸、碳水化合物和脂类(常成为脂肪。
由于这些分子对生命非常重要,因此代谢反应关注的或者是在细胞和组织形成中这些分子的形成,或者是在消化和食物利用中分解它们并将它们作为能量的来源。
2、The researcher then uses these"scissors"to cut an opening into the plasmid—the ring of DNA often found in bacteria outside of a cell.Next,the researcher"pastes"or places the gene segment into the plasmid.Because the cut ends of both the plasmid and the gene segment are chemically"sticky"they attach to each other,forming a plasmid containing the new gene.To complete the process,researchers use another enzyme to paste or secure the new gene in place.研究人员再用这些“剪刀”在质粒上打开一个缺口(质粒是一种环状双链DNA,通常位于细菌细胞外。
生物技术专业英语词句
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1.分光光度计:spectrophotometer2.标准程序:standard protocol3.用空白值校正:blank correction4.空白溶液:blank solution5.标准曲线:standard curve6.在每一个试管中加入5ml试剂:add 5.00ml reagents to each tube7.仪器调零:zero the instrument8.将试管冷却至室温:cool tuble to room temperature 8.在640nm处测定光密度:exhibit the absorbantat 640nm vs.light concentration1.微生物培养:the cultural of microorganism2.微生物生长:the growth of microorganism3.微生物的分离:the isolation ofmicroorganism4.抑制微生物的生长:inibition of the growth of microorganism5.工业微生物的改良:strain improvement of industry microorganism6.混合培养:mixed culture7.在37℃下培养2天:culture at 37 degrade for two days8.典型的生长曲线:typical growth curve1.在新鲜培养基上划线:streak on the fresh medium2.用斜面菌种接种:inoculation on slope agar1.Translate the following into Chinese.(1)Electrons revolve about the nucleus at tremendous speeds.电子以惊人的速度绕核运动。
(2)If you had 10 grams ofwater at 0℃,it would require 1000 calories to make the temperature go up to 100℃ .如果你有10克0℃的水,那么它温度上升到100℃需要1000卡路里。
生物学英语中英对照
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生物学英语中英对照1. 遗传学 Genetics基因 Gene染色体 Chromosome遗传变异 Genetic variation2. 细胞生物学 Cell Biology细胞 Cell细胞核 Nucleus细胞膜 Cell membrane3. 生态学 Ecology生态系统 Ecosystem生物多样性 Biodiversity生物群落 Biome4. 分子生物学 Molecular Biology蛋白质 Protein核酸 Nucleic acid酶 Enzyme5. 发育生物学 Developmental Biology胚胎发育 Embryonic development细胞分化 Cell differentiation形态发生 Morphogenesis6. 植物学 Botany叶绿体 Chloroplast光合作用 Photosynthesis根系 Root system7. 动物学 Zoology器官 Organ组织 Tissue神经系统 Nervous system8. 微生物学 Microbiology细菌 Bacteria病毒 Virus真菌 Fungus9. 生物化学 Biochemistry代谢 MetabolismATP(三磷酸腺苷) ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)酶促反应 Enzymatic reaction10. 生理学 Physiology心脏 Heart肺 Lung肝脏 Liver生物学英语中英对照(续)11. 进化生物学 Evolutionary Biology自然选择 Natural selection物种形成 Speciation进化树 Evolutionary tree12. 行为生物学 Behavioral Biology繁殖行为 Reproductive behavior领域行为 Territorial behavior社会行为 Social behavior13. 神经生物学 Neurobiology神经元 Neuron突触 Synapse神经递质 Neurotransmitter14. 免疫学 Immunology抗体 Antibody免疫系统 Immune system炎症 Inflammation15. 营养学 Nutrition蛋白质 Protein碳水化合物 Carbohydrate脂肪 Fat16. 遗传工程 Genetic Engineering基因克隆 Gene cloning基因编辑 Gene editing转基因技术 Genetic modification 17. 生态遗传学 Ecological Genetics种群 Population环境适应性 Environmental adaptation遗传漂变 Genetic drift18. 生物信息学 Bioinformatics基因组学 Genomics蛋白质组学 Proteomics生物数据挖掘 Bioinformatics data mining19. 生物统计学 Biostatistics实验设计 Experimental design数据分析 Data analysis显著性检验 Significance test20. 环境生物学 Environmental Biology环境污染 Environmental pollution生态修复 Ecological restoration生物降解 Biodegradation这份生物学英语中英对照文档旨在帮助您更全面地了解生物学领域的专业术语。
生物技术专业英语第五课
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Lesson 5 DESIGN OF PLASMID VECTORSLigation products: One of the most important steps in a cloning procedure is to distinguish between recreated vector molecules and recombinant plasmids. A number of methods have been developed to facilitate this process.连接产物:在克隆程序中最重要的步骤之一是区分重造载体和重组载体。
许多方法已经发展到促进这个过程。
Twin antibiotic resistance: A vector with two antibiotic resistance genes can be used to screen for recombinants if the target fragment is inserted into one of the genes, thus insertionally inactivating it. 成对抗生素耐药性:带有成对抗生素耐药性基因的载体能够用来筛选那些插入其中一个基因的目标片段重组株,一次插入性阻止它的活动。
Blue-white screening: Insertional inactivation of the LacZ' gene on a plasmid can be used to screen for recombinants on a plate containing IPTG and X-gal. The X-gal is converted to a blue product if the LacZ' gene is intact and induced by IPTG异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷; hence recombinants grow as white colonies.蓝白色的筛选:在一个质粒上LacZ基因的插入性的失活能够在含有IPTG和X-gal的平板上用来筛选重组株。
生物技术专业英语翻译
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Lesson 1 DNA CLONING: AN OVERVIEW第一课克隆:概要DNA cloning:DNA doning facilitates the isolation and manipulation of fragments of an organism's genome by replicating them independently as part of an autonomous vector.DNA克隆:DNA克隆通过独立复制可以用分离和操作方法使生物体基因组片段成为自发性载体的一部分。
Hosts and vectors: Most of the routine manipulations involved in gene cloning use Escherichia coli as the host organism. Plasmids and bacteriophages may be used as cloning vectors in E. coli. Vectors based on plasmids, viruses and whole chromosomes have been used to carry foreign genes into other prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.宿主和载体:大多数的基因克隆使用的常规操作,以大肠杆菌为宿主生物体。
质粒和噬菌体可作为大肠杆菌的克隆载体。
以质粒、病毒和整条染色体为载体,将外源基因导入其他原核和真核生物。
Subcloning: Subcloning is the simple transfer of a cloned fragment of DNA from one vector to another; it serves to illustrate many of the routine techniques involved in gene cloning.亚克隆:克隆是克隆的DNA片段从一个载体到另一个载体的简单传递;它可以用来说明基因克隆中的许多常规技术。
生物专业英语教学案 生物技术与生物制药
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生物专业英语教学案生物技术与生物制药Title: Teaching Plan for Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals in Biological ScienceI. IntroductionBiotechnology and biopharmaceuticals are rapidly evolving fields within the realm of biological science. With the advancements in these fields, it is imperative to develop a comprehensive teaching plan that encompasses both theoretical knowledge and practical applications. This teaching plan aims to provide students with a solid foundation in the principles, techniques, and applications of biotechnology and biopharmaceuticals.II. ObjectivesThe objectives of this teaching plan are as follows:1. To familiarize students with the fundamentals of biotechnology and biopharmaceuticals.2. To introduce students to the various techniques and tools utilized in these fields.3. To cultivate critical thinking and problem-solving skills relevant to biotechnology and biopharmaceuticals.4. To expose students to real-world applications and industry practices.5. To enhance students' communication and collaborative skills through group projects and presentations.III. Curriculum Design1. Basic Conceptsa. Definition and scope of biotechnology and biopharmaceuticals.b. Historical development of the fields.c. Ethical considerations in biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industries.2. Principles of Biotechnologya. DNA structure and replication.b. Gene expression and regulation.c. Protein synthesis and modification.3. Techniques in Biotechnologya. DNA manipulation techniques (PCR, cloning, sequencing).b. Recombinant DNA technology.c. Immunological techniques (ELISA, Western blotting).d. Cell culture and transformation techniques.4. Biopharmaceuticalsa. Introduction to biopharmaceuticals.b. Production and purification of biopharmaceuticals.c. Types of biopharmaceuticals (recombinant proteins, monoclonal antibodies).d. Regulation and quality control in biopharmaceutical industries.5. Applications of Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticalsa. Agricultural biotechnology (genetically modified crops, biopesticides).b. Medical biotechnology (gene therapy, personalized medicine).c. Industrial applications (biofuels, bioremediation).d. Current trends and future prospects in the field.IV. Teaching Strategies1. Lecture Sessionsa. Presenting key concepts and theories.b. Providing case studies and examples to illustrate practical applications.c. Encouraging student participation and discussion.2. Laboratory Exercisesa. Hands-on experience in DNA manipulation techniques.b. Culturing and transformation of cells.c. Protein expression and analysis techniques.d. Data analysis and interpretation.3. Group Projects and Presentationsa. Assigning group projects on selected topics.b. Encouraging independent research and critical analysis.c. Presenting findings and conclusions in a formal setting.4. Guest Lectures and Industry Visitsa. Inviting experts from biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industries.b. Organizing visits to research institutes and pharmaceutical companies.c. Providing students with exposure to real-world applications and opportunities.V. Assessment Methods1. Written Examinationsa. Assessing theoretical knowledge and understanding.b. Testing problem-solving abilities and critical thinking skills.2. Laboratory Reportsa. Evaluating practical skills and techniques.b. Analyzing experimental data and results.3. Group Project Evaluationa. Assessing research skills and teamwork abilities.b. Evaluating the quality of presentations and research findings.VI. ConclusionBy implementing this teaching plan for biotechnology and biopharmaceuticals, students will gain a well-rounded understanding of the subject matter. This comprehensive approach will equip them with the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed in the dynamic fields of biotechnology and biopharmaceuticals. Additionally, the incorporation of practical exercises, group projects, and industry exposure will further enhance their learning experience and prepare them for future career opportunities in these industries.。
生物学专业英语试卷及答案
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生物学专业英语试卷及答案一、词汇互译(共10小题,每题3分,共计30分1、citric acid:柠檬酸2、glucose isomerase:葡萄糖异构酶3、mutation:突变4、interferon:干扰素5、ultracentrifugation:超离心6、无血清培养基:serum free medium7、生物反应器:bioreactor8、包埋:entrapment9、参比变量:reference variable10、果糖:frutose二、英译汉(共5小题,每题10分,共计50分1、Most of the structures that make up animals,plants and microbes are made from three basic classes of molecule:amino acids,carbohydrates and lipids(often called fats.As these molecules are vital for life,metabolic reactions either focus on making these molecules during the construction of cells and tissues,or breaking them down and using them as a source of energy,in the digestion and use of food.构成动物、植物和微生物的主要结构是由三个基础种类的分子组成:氨基酸、碳水化合物和脂类(常成为脂肪。
由于这些分子对生命非常重要,因此代谢反应关注的或者是在细胞和组织形成中这些分子的形成,或者是在消化和食物利用中分解它们并将它们作为能量的来源。
2、The researcher then uses these"scissors"to cut an opening into the plasmid—the ring of DNA often found in bacteria outside of a cell.Next,the researcher"pastes"or places the gene segment into the plasmid.Because the cut ends of both the plasmid and the gene segment are chemically"sticky"they attach to each other,forming a plasmid containing the new gene.To complete the process,researchers use another enzyme to paste or secure the new gene in place.研究人员再用这些“剪刀”在质粒上打开一个缺口(质粒是一种环状双链DNA,通常位于细菌细胞外。
《生物专业英语》核心词汇
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《生物专业英语》专业词汇1.electron microscopy 电子显微镜2.chloroplast 叶绿体3.mitochondria 线粒体4.phospholipid 磷脂5.lipid bilayer 脂双层6.plasma membrane 质膜7.extracellular 细胞外的8.cellulose纤维素9.polysaccharides多糖10.vacuole液泡11.chromatin 染色质12.eukaryotic 真核的13.prokaryotic 原核的14.ribosomes核糖体15.thylakoids类囊体16.peroxisomes, 过氧物酶体17.hydrolytic enzyme 水解酶18.cytoskeleton 细胞骨架19.Chlorophyll 叶绿素20.Chromosome 染色体21.Glycolysis醣酵解22.Microtubule微管anelle细胞器24.Prokaryotic cell 原核细胞25.apoptosis细胞凋亡26.endocytosis 细胞内吞作用27.graminaceous plant禾本科植物28.Pharmacology 药理学29.morphology形态学30.anatomy解剖学31.taxonomy 分类学32.binary nomenclature 双名法33.ontogenesis个体发生34.phylogenesis系统发生35.nanometer 纳米36.micrometer 微米limeter 毫米38.centimeter 厘米39.decimeter分米40.flora植物志,植物群落41.homologous同源的42.plasmodesmata [植]胞间连丝43.plasmolysis质壁分离44.tonoplast液泡膜45.hydrodynamics流体力学, 水动力学46.leucoplast 白色体47.Proplastid 前质体, 原质体48.carotinoid 类胡萝卜素49.saprophytic腐生的50.parasitic寄生的51.endosperm 胚乳52.concentric同中心的53.eccentric偏心的,偏轴的,离心的54.vascular tissue维管组织55.lignin 木质素,56.Chromoplast 有色体57.Amyloplast 淀粉体58.Epidermis 表皮59.Saprophy 腐生60.histology 组织学61.cytology 细胞学62.bacteriology细菌学63.prototype原型64.tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)烟草花叶病毒65.The Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)透射电子显微镜66.The scanning electron microscope (SEM)扫描电子显微镜67.solid phase 固相68.gas phase 气相69.liquid phase 液相70.ultraviolet light紫外光71.wave length 波长72.subcellular structure 亚细胞结构73.endoplasmic reticulum 内质网74.lipophilic亲脂性的75.assimilation tissue同化组织76.xylem木质部77.phloem韧皮部78.Meristem 分生组织79.embryogenesis胚胎发生80.symmetric对称的81.inflorescence 花, 花序82.apical meristem 顶端分生组织teral meristem侧生分生组织84.intercalary meristem居间分生组织85.apical dominance[植]顶端优势86.gymnosperm 裸子植物87.angiosperm被子植物88.vascular cambium维管形成层89.cork cambium木栓形成层90.annual rings年轮91.internode节间92.morphogenesis形态发生,形态建成,93.differentiate 分化94.dedifferentiate 去分化,反分化95.totipotency 全能, 全能性96.root cap根冠.97.leaf vein叶脉98.radical apex 根尖99.Procambium原始形成层100.cross-section横截面101.parenchyma 薄壁组织102.ornamental plant观赏植物103.Isodiametric等直径的, 等轴的104.lignify木质化105.parasite寄生虫106.xerophyte旱生植物107.Aquatic plant水生植物108.shade plant阴生植物109.guard cell 保卫细胞110.intercellular space细胞间隙111.photosynthesis 光合作用112.anaerobic厌氧的113.infrared light 红外光114.redox氧化还原作用115.cofactor辅助因素116.photosystem 光系统117.cytochrome细胞色素118.ATP (adenosine triphosphate) 三磷酸腺苷119.carboxylase羧化酶120.oxygenase 加氧酶121.photorespiration 光呼吸122.Carbohydrate 糖;碳水化合物123.Mesophyll 叶肉124.Photoinhibition n. 光抑制125.Plastoquinone 质体醌126.antioxidant 抗氧化剂127.decarboxylation脱羧128.autotrophic organisms自养生物129.thermodynamic热力学的130.biodiversity 生物多样性131.symbiotic relationship共生关系132.endosymbiosis内共生133.hydrophobic疏水的134.hydrophilic亲水的135.nanotechnology纳米技术136.biomedical生物医学的137.fluorescent荧光的, 莹光的138.pharmaceutical医药品139.nutraceutical营养品140.promoter启动子141.bioremediation生物补救,生物修复142.biological breakdown生物降解143.interdisciplinary学科间的144.entomology昆虫学145.weed science草业科学146.ecosystem生态系统147.Taxonomy分类学pound eyes复眼149.Fungi真菌150.invasivespecies入侵种151.ScienceCitation Index科学引文索引152.the National Institutes of Health(美国)全国卫生研究所153.Neuroscience.神经系统科学154.ISSN(international standard serial number)国际标准期刊编号155.Semimonthly半月的156.Bimonthly双月的157.Quarterly季度的,三月的158.Engineering Index (EI)工程(技术资料)索引159.dissertation(学位)论文160.Biophysics生物物理学161.Immunology免疫学162.Pathology病理学163.Physiology生理学164.Virology病毒学165.Systematic Biology系统生物学166.antibiotic抗生素167.Genomics基因组学168.pesticide杀虫剂ctic-acid乳酸170.recombinant重组体171.allergic过敏的,患过敏症的172.insulin胰岛素173.identical twins同卵双生174.Dolly the Sheep多利羊175.zygote合子,受精卵176.reproductive cell生殖细胞177.Somatic cell体细胞178.Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)体细胞核移植179.Artificial embryo twinning人工胚胎双生180.surrogate mother替身母亲181.trial-and-error反复试验182.Implantation移植,培植183.Telomeric端粒的184.telomere端粒185.lifespan寿命186.infertility不育187.in vitro体外,在生物体外188.in vivo在活的有机体内189.genotype基因型190.phenotype表现型,表型191.germination萌芽,发生192.Growth regulator生长调节剂193.auxin生长素194.cytokinin细胞分裂素195.metabolite代谢物196.micropropagation微繁197.disinfection消毒,灭菌198.autoclave高压灭菌器199.explant外植体200.Vector载体201.cancerous tissue癌组织的202.Vaccine疫苗203.Embryonic tissue胚性组织204.homogenize均质化205.bacteriophage噬菌体206.sticky end粘性末端207.blunt end平末端208.ligase连接酶209.codon密码子210.bovine牛的211.transgenic转基因的212.pathogen病菌,病原体213.glucose isomerase葡萄糖异构酶214.starch saccharification淀粉糖基化215.restriction endonuclease限制性内切核酸酶216.rate-determining step限速步骤217.enzymic catalysis酶学催化反应218.specificity特异性219.hydrogen bond氢键220.thermostability热稳定性221.Mutant突变异种,突变体222.Penicillin青霉素223.biosensor生物传感器224.optical isomers光学异构体225.hydrolysis水解226.hexokinase己糖激酶227.hexose己醣228.fructose果糖229.noncovalent非共价键的230.coenzyme辅酶231.Oxidoreductase氧化还原酶232.dehydrogenases脱氢酶233.oxidase氧化酶234.oxygenase加氧酶235.peroxidase过氧(化)物酶236.Transferase转移酶237.Hydrolase水解酶238.esterase酯酶239.glycosidase糖苷酶240.lipase脂肪酶241.protease蛋白酶242.dehydratase脱水酶243.pectinase果胶酶244.Isomerase异构酶245.isomerisation异构化246.epimerase差向(异构)酶247.synthetase合成酶248.pancreas胰腺249.intestine肠250.receptor受体251.Terminator终止子252.anticodon反密码子253.peptide bond肽键254.detoxification解毒,脱毒255.soybean大豆256.trans反式257.cis顺式258.cardiovascular disease心血管疾病259.homogeneous同类的,相似的,均一的260.heterogeneous不同种类的261.carcinogenic致癌物(质)的262.bioethics生物伦理学263.multidisciplinary多学科的264.pesticide杀虫剂265.bioreactor生物反应器266.the Royal Society(英国)皇家学会267.FAO=Food and Agriculture Organization (of the United Nations)(联合国)粮食及农业组织268.broad sense广义的269.narrow sense狭义的270.genetically modified organisms (GMOs)遗传修饰生物271.fishery渔业272.forestry林业273.Marker-assisted selection标记辅助选择274.DNA fingerprintingDNA指纹275.quantitative trait loci数量性状位点276.allergenic引起过敏的277.cultivar栽培品种278.Biosafety生物研究安全性279.Amino acid氨基酸280.Autofluorescence自发荧光281.Base pair碱基对282.Biodiversity生物多样性283.Carotinoid类胡萝卜素284.Centromere着丝点,着丝粒285.Cytoplasm细胞质286.Differentiation分化287.Embryo胚胎,胎儿,胚芽288.Entomology昆虫学289.Genome基因组/染色体组290.Glycosylate使糖基化291.Hybridization杂交,杂种培植,配种292.Inheritance遗传293.Kidney肾脏294.Lysosome溶酶体295.Mammalian哺乳动物296.Meiosis减数分裂297.Micronutrient微量元素298.Mitosis有丝分裂299.Monocotyledon单子叶植物300.dicotyledon双子叶植物301.Mutation突变302.Nucleotide核苷303.Phospholipid磷脂304.Polymerase聚合酶305.Polypeptide多肽306.polymorphism多态性,多型性1.界Kingdom2.门Phylum3.纲class4.目Order5.科family6.属genus7.种Species8.品种variety专业英语单词整理haplo,mono,uni:单,一,独 haploid 单倍体; monoxide 一氧化物bi,di,dipl,twi,du: 二,双,两,偶 dichromatic 双色的;diplobacillus 双杆菌tri: 三,丙 triangle 三角;triacylglycerol 三酰甘油quadri,quadru,quart,tetr,tetra:四 quadruped 四足动物;tetracycline 四环素pent,penta,quique: 五 pentose 戊糖;pentane 戊烷hex,hexa,sex: 六 hexose 已糖 hexapod 六足动物;hexamer 六聚体hepta,sept(i): 七 heptane 庚烷 heptose 庚糖 heptoglobin 七珠蛋白oct: 八octopus 章鱼 octagon 八角形 octane 辛烷 octase 辛糖ennea,nona: 九 nonapeptide 九肽 enneahedron 九面体deca,deka: 十decapod 十足目动物 decahedron 十面体 decagram 十克demi-,hemi-,semi-: 半hemicerebrum 大脑半球;semiopaque 半透明holo-: 全,整体,完全 holoenzyme 全酶;holocrine 全分泌mega-: 巨大,兆,百万 megaspore 大孢子;megakaryocyte 巨核细胞macro-: 大,巨大,多 macrophage 巨噬细胞;macromolecular 大分子的poly-,multi-,mult-: 多,复合 polyacrylate 聚丙烯酸酯;polymerase 聚合酶ab- 去,离开 abarticular 关节外的;abaxial 离轴的acro- 顶,向顶 acrosome 顶体;acrospire 顶芽,初生叶Ambi-, amb-, ambo- 两侧,二,复 ambiopia 复视;ambosexual 两性的amphi- 二,两,双 amphibia 两栖类;amphinucleoli 双核仁pan- 完全 panagglutination 全凝集;panarthritis 全关节炎-ase 酶 protease 蛋白酶;polymerase 聚合酶-ate 盐,酯 phosphate 磷酸盐;sebacate 奎二酸酯-gen 原,剂 antigen 抗原;mutagen 诱变剂-ose 糖 heptose 庚糖,lactose 乳糖-some 体,粒 chromosome 染色体;idiosome 核旁体-phil 亲,嗜,喜 acidophil 嗜酸的,aerophil 好气的-derm 皮,皮层;derma- blastoderm 胚层;dermadrone 内病性皮疹-lemma 皮,壳,鞘膜 basilemma 基底膜;lemmatoxin 鞘毒素-nema 丝,线 amphinema 偶线;chromonema 染色线;nemacicide 杀线虫剂-osic 病,症;-itis acalcicosis缺钙症;hepatitis 肝炎Bacteri(o): 细菌 bacteriocin 细菌素;bacteriophage 嗜菌体Biosis: 生命 anhydrobiosis 脱水生活;dysbiosis 生态失调Carbo: 碳carbocyclic 碳环的;carbonate 碳酸盐Carcin(o): 癌 carcinogen 致癌物;carcinocidin 消癌菌素Caryo: 核 eucaryotic 真核的,caryogenesis 核发生Chemo: 化学 chemotherapy 化学疗法; chemoautotrophy 化能自养(生物) Chlor(o): 绿,氯 chlorophilline 叶绿素;chlorophore 载绿体;chloride 氯化物Chondri(o): 软骨,颗,粒chondriglucose 软骨葡萄糖;chondriosome 线粒体Eryth(ro): 红 erythromycin 红霉素;erythrocyte 红血球Embryo: 胚胎embryogenesis 胚胎发生;embryoblast 成胚细胞Dys-: 不良,异常,障碍 dys-cyclia 循环障碍;dysembryoma 畸胎瘤Eu-: 常,真,好 eucaryote 真核生物;eubacteria 真细菌Exo-: 外 exon 外显子;exonuclease 核酸外切酶Idio-: 独有,特异 idiobiology 个体生物学;idioblast 异细胞Iso-: 等,同,异 isozyme 同功酶;isotropic 各向同性的;isopropanol 异丙醇Hetero-: 异,杂,不同 heterocyclic 杂环的; heterochromosome 异染色体Homeo-: 同祖,(部分)同源homeoallele 部分同源等位基因;homeotransplant 同种移植Homo-: 同,同源,高homocaryon 同核体;homocysteine 高半胱氨酸;homothermal 恒温的Hyalo-: 玻璃、透明hyaloplasm 透明质;hyalospore 无色孢子Cardia(o): 心amyocardia 心肌无力;angiocardiopathy 心血管病;bradycardia 心动过缓Cryo: 冷,冻 cryoadhesion 冷冻粘结;cryoalgae 冰雪藻类Feti(o): 胎feticide 堕胎;fetoscopy 胎镜Fibr(o): 纤维 fibroblast 成纤维细胞;fibrocarcinoma 纤维癌Flav:黄flavoprotein黄素蛋白;thioflavin硫磺素Lip(o)-:脂(的)lipophilic亲脂的;lipoadenoma脂肪腺瘤Lys(o)-:溶、解、分、离lysozyme溶菌酶;lysate溶解产物;lysophagosome吞噬溶酶体Leuc(o)-:无色、白、白细胞leucoagglutinin白细胞凝集素;leucogenenol促白细胞生成素Melan(o)-:黑melanophore载黑素细胞;melanocarcinoma黑素细胞癌Telo-:端,末尾telophase有丝分裂末期;telomerase端粒酶Morpho:形、形态amorphous无定形的;morphogenesis形态发生Myo:肌肉myoglobin肌球蛋白;myoadenofibroma肌腺纤维瘤Neuro:神经neuroangiomatosis神经血管瘤病;neuroepidermal神经表皮的Meso:中、介mesoderm中胚层;mesozoic中生代的Meta:异、变、偏、次、后、中、转metachrome异染色体;metamorphosis变形Organ(o):器官,有机organacidia有机酸症organelle细胞器Ion:离子anion阴离子;zwitterion两性离子Reticul(o):网reticulocyte网织红细胞;reticuloendothelial网状内皮的Vacuo:空,泡,管vacuoplast液泡体;vacuolus液泡Tox:毒toxin毒素;toxemia毒血症Fluor(o):氟,荧光fluorochrome荧光染料;fluorescence荧光Gam:性,婚配、gamete配子;gamic受精的Geno:遗传,基因,种族,生殖genotype基因型;genopathy遗传病Glyc(o),Gluc(o):甜、糖glycoside糖苷;glucohemia糖血症Gyno:雌性gynogamone雌配素;gynospore雌孢子H(a)emo:血haemoglobin血红蛋白;hemocyanin血蓝蛋白Helio:太阳、光heliophilous喜阳的;heliosis中暑Hist(o):组织histocompatibility组织相容性;histidine组氨酸;histone组蛋白Immuno:免疫immunoautoradiography免疫放射自显影Kine(to):动kinetin激动蛋白;kinetochore动粒,着丝点Onco肿瘤,癌oncogene,致癌基因;oncolysis溶癌作用;oncovirus致癌病毒O(v)o卵,蛋oocyte卵母细胞, oocyan卵清蛋白, ovogenesis卵子发生Patho病pathotoxins疾病毒素, pathobolism病理代谢Peri周,围pericardial,心周的;perikaryon核周体Phospho磷酸phosphodiester磷酸二酯Phyto植物phytokinase,植物激酶phytoferritin植物铁蛋白Proto原,初protofibril,原纤维protolignin原木质素Pseudo假,拟pseudoembryo,假胚胎pseudodominance拟显性Vertebrate脊椎动物Rodent啮齿动物Reptile爬行动物Amphibian两栖动物Protozoan原生动物Primate灵长类动物homo sapiens人类abdomen 腹部gall bladder胆囊pancreas胰腺spleen脾duodenum十二指肠small intestine小肠large intestine大肠 blind gut盲肠vermiform appendix阑尾 rectum直肠anus肛门hip臀部joint关节vein静脉capillary毛细血管windpipe气管gullet食管。
生物专业英语复习资料(第三版词汇)
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名词解释:发酵(fermentation):通过微生物或动植物细胞生长培养和化学变化大量产生和积累专门的代谢产物的过程。
生物固定化(immobilized):将具有一定生理更能的生物细胞,如微生物细胞、植物细胞、动物细胞等,用一定方法将其固定,作为固体催化剂加以利用的一门技术,固定化细胞与固定化酶技术共同组成了现代化的生物催化技术固体培养(solid culture):微生物生长在潮湿不溶于水的基质发酵,在固体发酵过程中几乎不含自由水。
腺病毒(adenovirus):一类DNA病毒主要引起呼吸系统急性感染,经改造的的腺病毒基因组可作为基因载体用于转染,也可用于基因治疗,潜在危险性较小。
在作为基因载体转染的过程中外源基因并整合到宿主靶细胞基因组中,并且表达一定时间自然降解。
佐剂(adjuvant):能非特异性的增强机体对抗原免疫应答的物质,其本身无抗原性,但与抗原结合后可以促进机体产生抗体,或延长抗体产生的时间,还能产生炎症反应,使抗体在组织局部聚集。
胰岛素(insulin):胰腺中的胰岛β细胞分泌的一种蛋白质激素含51个氨基酸其生物学作用包括参与糖代谢、脂代谢、蛋白质代谢的调节。
单克隆抗体(monoclonal antibody):抗体主要由B细胞合成,每个B细胞有合成一种抗体的遗传基因,动物脾脏有上百万种B细胞系,含遗传基因不同的B细胞合成不同的抗体,当机体受到抗原刺激时,抗原分子上的许多决定簇分别激活各个具有不同基因的B细胞,被激活的B细胞分裂增殖形成该细胞的子代细胞,有许多个被激活B细胞的分裂增殖,形成该细胞的子代细胞,有许多个被激活的B细胞的分裂增殖形成多克隆,并合成多种抗体,若能选出一个制造一种专一抗体的细胞进行培养,就可得到由单细胞经分裂增殖而形成的细胞群即单克隆、单克隆细胞将合成一种决定簇的抗体称为Ig。
单克隆抗体技术:要制备单克隆抗体须首先获得能合成转移抗体的单克隆B细胞。
但这种B 细胞不能在体外生长,实验发现骨髓瘤细胞可在体外生长繁殖,应用细胞杂交技术使骨髓瘤细胞与免疫系统的淋巴细胞融合,得到杂交骨髓瘤细胞,这种细胞既具有B细胞合成专一抗体的特性,又具有骨髓瘤细胞能在体外培养增值永存的特性。
生物技术专业英语
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sentence 4
• Although many new producer microorganisms are wild-types and have been isolated from natural environments , • 虽然很多新的微生物生产者是野生 型的并且已经从自然界分离出来,
Do you fear the force of the wind? − 你是否害怕风的力量? − Do you fear the slash of the rain? − 你是否畏惧雨的鞭笞? − Go face them and fight them. − 去坦然面对它们,同它们搏斗, − Be savage again. − 再次勇猛起来。 − Go hungry and cold like the wolf. − 似饿狼冷酷无情, − Go wade like the crane: − 如仙鹤般涉水前进。 − The palms of your hands will thicken. − 你的手掌会变得厚实, − The skin of your cheek will tan. − 你的脸会被晒黑。 − You‘ll grow ragged and weary and swarthy. − 你会变得衣衫褴褛、疲惫不堪、皮肤黝 黑, − But you’ll walk like a man! − 但是你会如男子汉一样前行!
2013-12-30
transduction [træ nZ'dΛkſən]
• n. [遗] 转导;转换;换能;变频 词组 • transduction clone 转导克隆 • transduction inference 转导推理 例句 • In biology,signal transduction is any process by which a cell converts one kind of signal or stimulus into another. • 在生物学上,信号转换是一个细胞从一种信号或 刺激物转换成另一种细胞或刺激物的过程。