Medieval Britain中世纪英国

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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- What is the middle age
Medieval Britain
• Important Events in Medieval Britain • literature in Medieval Britain • Architecture in Medieval Britain
Medieval Britain
The middle age and medieval britain
• The Middle Age is an era in European history .And Britain entered the Middle Age in 1066. • Medieval Britain covers the establishment of the Anglo-Norman monarchy in the early Middle Ages, through to England's failure to dominate the British Isles and France in the later Middle Ages.
【现代版】 现代版】 When in April ,the sweet showers fall That pierce March's drought to the root and all And bathed every vein in liquor that has power To generate therein and sire the flower; When Zephyr also has with his sweet breath, Filled again, in every holt and heath, The tender shoots and leaves, and the young sun His halfcourse in the sign of the Ram has run, And many little birds make melody That sleep through all the night with open eye (So Nature pricks them on to ramp and rage) Then folk do long to go on pilgrimage, And palmers to go seeking out strange strands, To distant shrines well known in distant lands. And specially from every shire's end Of England they to Canterbury went, The holy blessed martyr there to seek Who helped them when they lay so ill and weak
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literature in Medieval Britain
With the Norman Conquest in 1066,Britain entered the Middle Ages(1066-1485). The most significant Middle English author is the poet Geoffrey Chaucer.He was The first court poet to write in English.The Canterbury Tales is Chaucer’s masterpiece and one of the monumental works in English literature.It is a collection of stories told by pilgrims to entertain each other on their way to the Christian church in Canterbury.The stories cover practically all the major types of medieval literature,such as romance,folk tale,fable and sermon. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Important Events in Medieval Britain
• • • On Christmas Day 1066 Duke William of Normand was acclaimed king of England in Westminster Abbe. William invaded Scotland in 1072 . In 1081,William invaded Wales, and set up the residents of the border. By the year 1154,HenryⅡ,William’sgreatgrandson,ascended Ⅱ the throne and thus began the rule of the House of Anjou. He improve the courts of justice,introduced the jury system and institutionalized commom law throughout the country. John(son of HenryⅡ)ascended the throne in 1199. Ⅱ John was defeated in a war with France and lost Normandy in 1204.And dissatisfied with John’s leadership,The load forced him to sigh the Mnt Events in Medieval Britain
• When King John died,his son Henry Ⅲ was crowned at age nine in 1216 but did not take the reins of government until 1227. From 1337 to 1453,there was was The Hundred Year’s War which was a series of wars foughtbetween England and France overtrade,territory,security and the throne. At first,the War went in England’s favor.As time went on,however,guns and gunpowder appeared in war,which greatly reduced the effectiveness of the English bows and arrows.In addition,the Francepeasants rallied under Joan of Arc,a national heroine in French history. The Wars of the Rose lasted from 1455 to 1485.It was a series of civil wars between two great noble families:the House of York and the House of Lancaster. In the end,the House of Lancaster won and started the rule of the House of Tudor.Under the Tudors,England started changing from a medieval to a modern country. •
literature in Medieval Britain
【原版】 原版】 Version by方重 方重 Whan that Aprill, with his shoures soote ， 当四月的甘霖渗透了三月枯竭的根须， 当四月的甘霖渗透了三月枯竭的根须 The droghte of March hath perced to the 沐灌了丝丝茎络， 触动了生机， 沐灌了丝丝茎络， 触动了生机， roote And bathed every veyne in swich 使枝头涌现出花蕾， licour, Of which vertu 使枝头涌现出花蕾， engendred is the flour; 当和风吹香， 当和风吹香， Whan Zephirus eek with his sweete breeth 使得山林莽原遍吐着嫩条新芽， Inspired hath in every holt and heeth The ， 使得山林莽原遍吐着嫩条新芽 tendre croppes, and the yonge sonne H ath 青春的太阳已转过半边白羊宫座， 青春的太阳已转过半边白羊宫座， in the Ram his halfe cours 通宵睁开睡眼， 小鸟唱起曲调， yronne, And 小鸟唱起曲调， 通宵睁开睡眼， smale foweles maken melodye, That slepen 是自然拨弄着它们的心弦： 是自然拨弄着它们的心弦： al the nyght with open eye- (So priketh hem 这时，人们渴想着朝拜四方名坛， Nature 这时，人们渴想着朝拜四方名坛， in hir corages); Thanne longen folk 游僧们也立愿跋涉异乡。 游僧们也立愿跋涉异乡 to to goon on pilgrimages And palmeres for 。 尤其在英格兰地方， seken straunge strondes To ferne halwes,， 尤其在英格兰地方 kowthe in sondry londes; And specially from 他们从每一州的角落， 他们从每一州的角落， every shires ende Of Engelond, to 向着坎特伯雷出发， 向着坎特伯雷出发， Caunterbury they wende, The hooly blisful 去朝谢他们的救病恩主、 去朝谢他们的救病恩主、 martir for to seke That hem hath holpen, 福泽无边的殉难圣徒。 福泽无边的殉难圣徒。 whan that they were seeke.