新概念第二册第2课-一般现在时-现在进行时-感叹句

新概念第二册第2课-一般现在时-现在进行时-感叹句
Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch?
单词
until 1 prep.直到…时候
till直到（多用于口语）
eg. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.
The street is full of cars from morning till/to night. 从早到晚
2 conj eg. 直到…时候（后面加句子）连词
eg. I stayed in bed until he woke me up . 直到他把我叫醒我一直躺在床上。

I didn’t get up until he woke me up. 直到他把我叫醒我才起床。

until 语句中动词为延续性动词直到…
not...until 主句中动词为非延续性动词直到才…
eg. I will wait for you until you come back.
I won’t leave until you come back. We stayed until the rain stopped.
We didn’t start until the rain
stopped.
outside n./adj./adv./prep.
Inside n./adj./adv./prep. 反义词
1 n.
the outside of the house
2 adj.
an outside toilet 户外的厕所
outside help 外来的帮助
3 adv.
eg. It was dark outside. 修饰地占的副词主系表结构
Please wait outside.
Don’t go outside , because it’s too cold
4 prep.
eg. It’s outside my business. 这不关我的事。

（在我的职责之外）
ring 1 n. 环状物，（尤指）戒指、
a wedding ring
a diamond ring
a gold ring
dark rings around her eyes 黑眼圈
ring-road环状公路
ring finger / the third finger 无名指 thumb 大拇指
index finger / the first finger / pointer食指
middle finger / the second finger 中指
little finger / pinkie
have a ring on the middle finger( engaged 已订婚的) [ɪnˈgeɪdʒd]
have a ring on the third finger( married 已婚的)
2 v. （铃，电话等）响ring-rang- rung eg. The door bell rang just now.
I rang the bell.
Will you answer the phone when it rings?
ring 3 v. (Am. Call ) 打电话
ring sb (up)
call sb (up)
phone sb
telephone sb
give sb a phone call
eg. I’ll ring you later.
ring off : put down the receiver ; hang off
eg. He rang off before I could explain. 我还没解释呢他就挂断电话了。

aunt n. 姑，姨，婶，舅母
uncle 叔叔，舅舅，姨夫，姑父
nephew 侄子，外甥
niece 侄女，外甥女
cousin 堂（表）兄弟姐妹
a country cousin （贬）乡下人，乡巴佬
repeat v. (say or write again,more than once)重复说，或写某事物，反复重申
eg. “I’m having breakfast.”I repeated.
I repeated the question several times. Am I repeating myself ? 我以前说过这件事吗？
repetition n. 重得，反复，重说，重写[ˌrepəˈtɪʃn]
learn by repetition通过反复学习
Key structures ----- 一般现在时
1. 构成：
谓语动词使用动词原形；系动词为 am, is, are的形式。

当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词需有
变化：
1）直接加“s”
gives takes asks
2）以辅音字母加“y”结尾的动词，变“y”为“i”，再加“es”
carry -- carries
3）以“o, s, x,ch, sh ”结尾的动词加“es”
goes dresses watches brushes
2.功能
1）表达习惯性，规律性的动作
eg. I never get up early on sundays.
I sometimes stay in bed until
lunch time.
2）表达现在的事实状态或动作
eg. We all like football.
Birds fly. 鸟会飞。

This picture is of great value. 这幅画具有及大的价值。

3）表达客观真理，格言警句或事实
eg. The earth moves round the sun. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
Two and two makes four.
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实（格言警句）
3. 经常搭配的副词（放在实义动词之前，助动词之后）
often sometimes usually always every year seldom occasionally frequently
eg. He doesn’t always come by train.
Do you ever read in bed?
I never like jazz..
He rarely gets up before 10 o’clock.
We frequently have lunch at this restaurant. = often
现在进行时
1.构成 : am / is / are / + doing
2.功能
1）表示现在，目前正在做某事，正在进行的动作
eg. It is raining.
We are enjoying our lunch. 正在享受
2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作
eg. We are studying English this summer.
He is taking physics this semester. 这一学期他正在学物理。

[ˈfɪzɪks] [s ɪˈmestə(r)]
3.可用进行时态来表示即将开始的动作
go come leave arrive land meet die start return join
eg. I am coming to see you. …就
来…
The bus is coming. …就要来了。

The plane is leaving for Shanghai. …就要飞往…
The old man is very ill and he is dying. …就要死了。

4. 有些副词用在进行时中间，表示说话人带有感情色彩，如赞赏，厌恶等。

always forever continually constantly [kən'tɪnjʊəlɪ] 不停地[ˈkɒnstəntli]不断地
eg. He is always lying. 他总是在说谎。

You are constantly complaining. 你总是在抱怨。

The girl is always thinking of others. 这个女孩总是考虑别人。

The naughty boy is continually making noise. [ˈnɔ:ti] adj. 淘气的孩子制造噪音
5. 下列表示状态，感觉，情绪，精神活动的动词不用于进行时态（用一般现在时）
believe doubt see hear know understand belong to
think consider feel
look seem show mind
have sound taste require possess care like
hate love detest desire
[daʊt] v. 怀疑 [kənˈsɪdə(r)]考虑[dɪˈ
test] 厌恶 [dɪˈzaɪə(r)] 渴望[rɪˈkwaɪə(r)]
要求
6. 常搭配的副词
now at present at this time
these days现在；现在；此刻，眼前；这段时
间
rule n. 规距[ru:l]
heating n. 暖气[ˈhi:tɪŋ]
landlord 房东
landlady 女房东
Text
It was Sunday. 过去式译为：那是个星期天。

on sundays 每逢星期天（一般现在时）never 从未，未曾，永不
eg. I hae never been abroad . 我从未出过国。

Would you do that ? 你会做那件事情吗？ ____ Never. 绝不会做的。

I never get up before 10 o’clock in mornings. …在早晨。

never也可用来鼓励对方
eg. Never fear. 别害怕。

Never give up . 永不放弃。

Never say die. 永不言败。

Never lose heart. 决不不要灰心丧气。

early adj. adv.
an early morning
eg. The early bird catches the worm. 捷足先登
I got up early this morning. stay in bed 躺在床上
stay at home 呆在家里
sometimes 有时候
some times 几次；几倍
some time 一段时间
sometime 将来或过去的某个时候
eg. I will be somebody sometime in the future. 总有一天我将是个大人物。

get up 起床
go to bed 去睡觉
fall asleep = go to sleep 睡着了
late adj ./ adv.
eg. I’m sorry for being late. adj. being （系）late作being的表语
I got up very late.adv. Adv.
stay up late熬夜，醒着，不去睡
lately : recently 最近
eg. Have you been abroad lately ? 你最近出过国吗？
I bought a new car lately.
lately通常用在现在完成时和一般过去时中
look out of ... 向…外看
look into ... 1 向…里看 2 调查
eg. The police are looking into the case. Look out . 小心，当心。

（紧急状况时的提醒）
Look out! The car nearly knocked you over . …差点撞倒你。

What a day ! = What a terrible day ! 多么糟糕的天气感叹句
What a wonderful day!
What a lovely day !
What a beautiful day !
just then : at that moment
It was my aunt Lucy . 没接电话前不知道是he 还是she , It 在这里是虚主语
by train 坐火车
by bus
by plane / by air
by ship / by sea / by water
by car
on foot 走路来的
用by加交通工具是不加冠词的，表达一种方式和手段
eg. I came here on foot .(I walked here.)我走来的。

We got into the mountain on horseback. 我们骑马上山。

take a train 乘坐火车强调动作本身用take 就要加冠词了
take a bus
take a car
take a plane
take a ship
eg. In order to go to school on time, I took a taxi. 为了准时上学去，我打了一辆车。

have breakfast
have lunch
have super
have dinner
have a meal 吃一顿饭
Dear me ! 天哪！
Am: My god !
Good heavens !
Goodness me !
文中用It做主语的句子
It was Sunday.
It was my aunt Lucy.
It was dark outside.
it’s one o’clock.
It 做虚主语
It ‘s one o’clock. （时间）
It’s cold in winter. （气候）
It’s only me . （人）
It’s a long way from here. （距离）离这很远。

It’s very dirty here. （环境）
Special difficulties ——感叹名
What + a /an + adj. + n + 主 + 谓 !（主谓可省略）
eg. What a terrible day ( it is ) ! （What 强调名词本身）
How + adj. + a/ an + n. + 主 + 谓 ! （主谓可省略）
eg. How terrible a day ( it is ) ! （How 强调adj. adv的本身程度）
1.This is a wonderful garden !
What a wonderful garden this is !
How wonderful a garden this is !
2.This is a surprise ! （这句话没有adj. adv.，不可以用来How引导，只能用What来引导）
What a surprise this is !
3.They are wonderful actors ! （复数通常用What来引导）
What wonderful actors they are !
Exercises
1.He doesn’t get up early on Sunday’s. He gets up __A____.
te
tely
C.slowly
D.hardly
te 迟，晚 adj. adv
tely 最
近 C.slowly 慢 D.hardly 几乎不
2.Just then , the telephone rang. It rang
___D___.
A. at once
B.immediately
C.again
D.at that moment
A. at once 立刻，马上
B.immediately 立刻，马上
C.again 再一次
D.at that moment 就在那个时候
3.Breakfast is the first __D___ of the day .
A.food
B. dinner
C. lunch
D.meal
A.food 食品
B. dinner 正餐
C. lunch 午餐
D.meal 一顿饭
4.A child has ___A__ trust in its mother.
孩子对其母亲有着绝对的信任。

A.absolute
B.reliable
C.preferable
D.countless
[ˈæbsəlu:t] [rɪˈlaɪəbl] [ˈprefrəbl] [ˈka
ʊntləs] adj.
A.absolute 绝对的，完全的
B.reliable 可靠的，可依赖的
C.preferable 更令人喜欢的
D.countless
数不清的
Review
1.一般现在时和现在完成时
1）一般现在时表示习惯性，规律性动作，现
在的事实，状态，或客观真理，格言警句等。

常搭配表频率的副词： often sometimes usually never always every year
seldom occasionally frequently
eg. I never get up early on Sundays.
2）现在进行时表现在或现阶段正在做某事。

eg. I’m having breakfast.
2.Main points:
until直到…
not ... until直到才…
若句中为延续性动词用until，若句中为非延续性动词用 not ... Until
ring n.环状物，戒指
v.打电话，铃响，电话响
eg. I’ll ring you later.
The bell rang.
stay in bed
What a day !
eg.How terrible a day it is !
量词
an armful of （单臂或又臂）一抱的
eg. She came back with an armful of books . 她抱着一抱书回来了。

an article of一件
an article of furniture 一件家具
an article of luggage一件行李。