中考英语新目标人教版八上10-12知识点

一、八上Unit10-12复习目标:
Unit 10 I’m going to be a basketball player 未来计划的制定; 将来的打算和安排
Unit 11 Could you please clean your room? 礼貌地请求/允许; 写留言条请求他人的帮助
Unit 12 What’s the best radio station? 形容词、副词最高级
二、重点词汇、句型：
1. What are you going to be when you grow up?你长大后打算干什么？(be going to +动词原形)
①be going to do：主要用于事先经过考虑、安排要做的事情或根据迹象判断某事很有可能发生。

②will表示单纯的将来概念: He will help me with my English. ③“be +doing: 现在进行时”表示将来时态。

(come/go/fly/leave/arrive/start/return等) 如：He is arriving at the airport. 他将要到飞机场了。

2. computer science计算机科学
3.take acting/guitar lessons上表演/钢琴课
4.sound like 听起来像…
5. move(v.): ①He’s going to move to New York. 他准备搬到纽约。

(move to +地点名词sp.：搬到…地方)
②They moved from Beijing to Qingdao. 他们从北京搬到青岛。

(move from +sp.+ to +sp.：从…搬到…)
③I’m going to moved somewhere interesting. 我准备搬到有趣的地方。

(move +表地点的副词)
④The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。

(move : 行进)
⑤The movie moved us. 这部电影感动了我们。

(move: 使感动；形容词为moving令人感动的; moved感到感动)
6. get a ________/full-time job找到一份兼职的/全职的工作
7. get lots of exercise多进行体育锻炼
8. I’m going to retire somewhere quiet and beautiful. 我会在一个安静而美丽的地方退休。

somewhere为不定副词，意为“在某处/到某处”，与其他一些复合不定代词一样，形容词及动词不定式位于其后作后置定语。

如：We're looking for somewhere to stay. 我们正在找住宿的地方。

9. a year or two =one or two years一两年; 一两个小时____ _____ or ____=____ or _____ ______
10. save (v.)①储存/储蓄: He saves his money to buy a computer. 他存钱去买电脑。

②节约/节省: Please save water. 请节约用水。

③拯救/挽救: The doctor saved the boy’s life. 这医生挽救了这个小男孩的生命。

11. my dream job我梦想的工作12. what I want to do 我想做的事情
13. I’m going to hold art exhibitions at the same time. 与此同时,我准备举办美术展览。

(at the same time)
14. travel all over/around the world周游全世界15. the Olympic Games=the Olympics奥运会
16. send sb. sth. = send _____ ____ ____将某物发送给/寄给某人17. I’m not sure yet我还没有定下来.
18. play an instrument 弹一种乐器19. make the soccer team组建足球队20.make one’s resolution 表决心21. communicate with sb.与某人交流22. after school=leave school毕业后
23. Being a computer programmer is his dream.当一名电脑程序设计师是他的梦想。

24. I’m going to hold art exhibitions at the same time. 与此同时,我准备举办美术展览。

(at the same time同时) hold (v.):(过去式/分词为held; _____) (hold on: 电话别挂断/稍等一下：hold on for a moment请稍等)
①举行/主持: 我们学校一年举行一次运动会。

We hold/have a sports meeting once a year in our school.
②抓住/拿住: The child is holding her father’s hand. 那个孩子正抓住她父亲的手。

③可容纳/包含: This plane can hold 300 people. 这架飞机能容纳300人。

④保持/维持：hold the world record 保持世界纪录
25. trave l①(v.): 旅行/长途旅行: Where did you travel last vacation? 上个假期你去哪儿旅行了？
②(v.): 移动/运行: Light travels much faster than sound. 光速比声速传播得快得多。

③( n.) 旅行: The old man enjoys travel. 这老人喜欢旅行。

26. fit: ①(adj.)强健/健康的，相当于healthy。

但fit不放在名词前修饰名词。

I’m always very fit.我身体一直很好。

②(adj.) 适合于/适于…的: She isn’t fit for the job. 她不适合这份工作。

( be fit for 适合于…)
③(v.) 适合This shirt fits me. 这件衬衫适合我。

27. I'm going to practice basketball every day.我要每天练习打篮球。

practice意为“(不间断地)练习”，后面常跟名词或动名词作宾语。

如：I always practice speaking English with foreigners. 我经常和外国人练习讲英语。

【拓展】后面跟动名词作宾语的动词还有enjoy，finish，stop，start，begin，like，hate，remember，forget，mind，try等。

1. --Could you please clean your room?请你打扫一下你的房间好吗? 【could +主语+please +(not)+动词原形】--Sure./Of course./No problem./Yes, I’d love to.(肯定) --Sorry, I’d love to. But I have to…(否定)
2. do the dishes 洗餐具
3. sweep the floor清扫地板
4. take out the trash倒垃圾
5. get a ride搭车
6.fold one’s clothes叠衣服
7.stay (out) late晚归
8. take sb. for a walk带某人去散步
9.do (the) chores做家务10. lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物(对主语而言是借出); borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物(对主语而言是借入)；keep: 借多长时间(与how long连用；keep +sth +for +一段时间)
【注：borrow / lend 是短暂性动词，它们的延续性动词是：keep 】
May I _____ them _____ you ?=Could you ______ them ______ me ?=How long can I ______ the book ?
--How long can I ______ your bike? --For a week. But you mustn’t _____ it ______ others.
11. do the laundry=_____ ______ ______=wash the/some clothes洗衣服12. need some help 需要帮助
13. make breakfast/dinner=______ _______ _______ 做饭
14. ask的用法：①. May I ask you some questions ? (ask sb sth. 问某人某物)
②. May I ask you _______ the accident ? (ask sb about sth. 向某人询问某事)
③. I often ask my teacher _____ help. (ask sb for sth :向某人要某物)
④. My father often asks me __________(not play)computer games. (ask sb (not) to do sth .叫某人干某事)
15. feed (v.) 喂养；饲养，作及物动词，(过去式、过去分词为fed; fed)
①Please feed the dog with/on milk. 请喂小狗牛奶。

(feed…on/ with sth. 用…喂/养…)
②He feeds the sheep more grass.= He feeds more grass to the sheep. (feed sth. to…= feed…sth.喂给…某物)
③Horses feed on grass. 马以草为食。

(feed on以…为食)
16. hate (v.)①憎恨/讨厌/厌恶，与love/ like相对。

I hate Monday mornings. 我讨厌星期一早晨。

②不愿/遗憾: I hate to trouble you.我不愿打扰你。

③hate to do sth.讨厌做某事, 多指讨厌做一次性/具体的事; She hates to make the bed. 她讨厌铺床。

hate doing sth.讨厌做某事, 多指讨厌做经常/习惯性的事; She hates trave ll ing by air. 她讨厌坐飞机旅行。

17. invite( v.)邀请/恳请: ①I’m going to invite my friends to my house this Sunday. 这个星期天我打算
邀请我的朋友们去我家。

(invite sb. to sth. 邀请某人去…)
②The young man invited me to dance. 这个年轻人邀请我去跳舞。

(invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事)
③invitation( n.)邀请/请柬I got an invitation to a dinner party. 我收到了一张去参加晚餐聚会的请柬。

18. take的短语：take/have a look______; take out______; take …out of______; take/have a rest______; take
a shower______; take a taxi______; take/have/go for a walk______; take away______; take medicine_____; take photos______; take place______; take back_______; take off_______; take…to…_______
1. _______ service友好的服务
2. in a fun part of town 在城镇闹区
3. do a survey ___ 对…进行调查
4. have good quality clothes服装质量好
5. in town在城里; in the city在城市里; in the country在乡下
6.be/get/become/feel interested in 对感兴趣
7. win the prize for赢得…的奖项; beat sb.打败某人
8. leader of a band乐队指挥
33. ____ the east/south/west/north of China在中国的东/南/西/北部34. an Ice and Snow Festival冰雪节2. How do you choose what movie theater to go to? 你如何选择去哪一家影剧院。

4. What do young people think about places in town? 年轻人认为我们镇里的场所怎么样？
7. My sister Isabel is the funniest person I know.我妹妹伊莎贝尔是我知道的最滑稽的人。

9. success (n.)①成功，不可数名词，反义词failure(失败) Confidence is the key to success. 信心是成功的关键。

②成功的人或物，可数名词Last week’s talent show was a great success. 上星期的才艺表演获得了巨大的成功。

③successful (adj.) 成功的Zhao Benshan is a successful actor. 赵本山是一位成功的演员。

④successfully(adv.)成功地He passed the exam successfully. 他成功地通过了考试。

⑤succeed(v.)成功He succeeded _____ passing the exam. 他考试成功了。

10. enoug h①(adj.)充足的/足够的，修饰名词，位于名词前后均可。

We have enough food (food enough) for ten people. 我们有足够的食物够十个人吃。

②(adv.) 足够地，修饰形容词或副词时，enough位置后置。

The house______ ______ _______ for us. 这房子对于我们来说不够大。

be enough to do sth.足够干某事：She didn’t run fast ______ _____ catch the train.她跑得不够快，没有赶上火车。

He is so tall that he can reach the apple .=He is ______ ______ to reach the apple .
③enough (n.)不可数名词，足够(的事) We have enough to do this weekend. 这个周末，我们有足够的事做。

11.cloth / clothes / clothing 的区别：
cloth:作不可数名词:指布料、织物；作可数名词: 指一块布，尤指一块抹布；clothes只有复数形式，泛指穿着的衣服；clothing为集合名词，指服装。

比clothes 意思更广泛，包括鞋子、帽子等。

The woman wears fashionable ________. I need an old _______ to wash the car .
China’s _________ industry(工业)is famous around the world.
三、语法、知识点
1.price的用法：①price的修饰词为high/ low. 【注：价格有高低，物品有贵贱，花费有多少】The trousers are expensive .= The price of the trousers ______ ______ .
②询问价格的句型：What’s the price of …..?=How much is /are …..? = How much does/do… cost ? How much are these apples?(同义句)________________________ =_____________________________ 2.英语中的习惯用法：
在英语中，时间、距离、钱、句子作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Three years _____(be)not a long time . Three hundred yuan a night _____(be) expensive.
How we will go to the mountains _____ ______ the weather. 我们怎样去爬山取决于天气。

3. 形容词、副词最高级的相应表达
四、练习检测：
( )1. The teacher told us that the moon ____ around the earth.
A. moves
B. move
C. moved
D. will move
( )2. She ____ a lot of money in the bank last year.
A. saves
B. is going to save
C. saved
D. save
( )3. We’re going _____ a welcome party tomorrow afternoon.
A. hold
B. to hold
C. to holding
D. held
( )4. The students are going to _____ Australia.
A. travel
B. traveling
C. travel to
D. traveling to
( )5. We do morning exercises to ____.
A. keeping healthy
B. keep health
C. keep fit
D. keeping fit
( )6. Linda ____ to do chores but she has to do them every day.
A. likes
B. hates
C. hopes
D. forgets
( )7. I invited him ____ our school last year.
A. to visit
B. visited
C. visiting
D. visits
( )8. Could you please ____ my goldfish?
A. to feed
B. feeding
C. fed
D. feed
( )9. Shaolin Temple is a very ____ action movies.
A. success
B. successes
C. successful
D. successfully
( )10. You are ____now, Bill. So you should wash your clothes by yourself.
A. young enough
B. enough old
C. old enough
D. enough young
( )11. 1．(2011·百色)Those toys for children look ________ and sell ________.
A．good；lovely B．lovely；good
C．well；lovely D．lovely；well
【解析】look在此处是连系动词，后接形容词作表语；sell是实义动词，故用副词修饰。

故应选D。

( )12. 2．—Lucy dances best in our school.
—I agree. I'll never forget ________ her dance for the first time.
A．seeing B．to see C．see D．seen
【解析】考查forget的用法。

forget doing sth.表示忘记干过某事，根据答语“我赞同，我永远都不会忘记第一次看见她跳舞时的场景。

”可知，选A。

( )13. 3．—Hi, Tom, why were you so unhappy?
—I missed the exciting match ________ the bad traffic.
A．in order to B．since then
C．as a result D．because of
【解析】考查短语的用法。

because of表示“因为，由于”符合题意，句意为“你好，汤姆，为什么你如此的不开心？”“由于糟糕的交通，我错失了精彩的比赛。

”
【答案】D
( )14. 5．(2011·凉山)—How was your day off yesterday?
—Perfect！It was my grandma's ________ birthday. We had a big cake.
A．eighty B．eightieth C．the eightieth
【解析】考查数词的用法。

表示“某人多大生日”应该使用序数词，且不需要使用定冠词。

【答案】B
( )15. 6．—When did you finish ________ your homework?
—Five minutes ago.
A．do B．done
C．doing D．did
【解析】考查finish的用法。

finish doing sth.表示完成了某事，句意为“你什么时候完成的家庭作业？”“五分钟以前。

”，故选C。

( )16. 7．Your computer doesn't work now，there is ________ with it.
A．wrong something B．something wrong
C．wrong anything D．anything wrong
【解析】考查不定代词的用法。

anything用于否定句和疑问句中，修饰不定代词的词要放在不定代词的后面。

【答案】B
( )17. 8．—Lucy is leaving for a holiday.
—Really? Where ________ she ________？
A．has; been B．is; going
C．has; gone D．did; go
【解析】考查时态。

根据问句可知，答语指现在进行的动作，用现在进行时，故选B。

【答案】B
18. 9．—Lucy, have you send the e-mail to your friend?
—Not yet. But I ________.
A．did B．do
C．am going to D．won't
【解析】考查现在进行时。

句意为“露西，你给你的朋友发邮件了吗？”“还没有，但我正要发送。

”故选C。

19. 10．(2011·贵阳)The pot-bellied pig is too big to sleep in the house，________ I have to make her a big one.
A．or
B．so
C．but
【解析】so引导结果状语从句。

用make或do填空
1). My brother is very busy. She often ______
【答案】B
30. we have some rice and water. (改为否定句) We ______ have ______ rice ____ water.
34. You're standing with your classmates.E__1__ is talking except you.Perhaps you're afraid they will laugh at what you say.Maybe you just aren't b__2__ enough to speak.
Shyness is like a snake that crawls(爬)into our mouth and s__3__ us speaking.But we shouldn't let it stay there.
I am 29 years old.Even today，that snake still sometimes v__4__ me.When I was in high school，I was so shy that I wouldn't talk to anyone except my parents and best
friends.If a stranger asked me the w__5__ to a local shop，it was as if I'd forgotten how to talk.One summer，I got a j__6__ in a restaurant and that helped a lot.It meant I had to talk to customers(顾客)．I had to tell them how m__7__ their meal cost.I had to ask them if they want to drink Coke or Sprite.
This job taught me how to speak with people.
You may be too young to find a part-time job.But you can look for other c__8__ to speak with people.You can offer to help an old woman carry her heavy bag.O__9__ you can go to get a newspaper for your family.
If you do these things for a while，the“shyness” snake will soon begin to l__10__ you alone.It'll look for another mouth to crawl into.
【答案】
1．Everyone【解析】由句意“除了你大家都在说话”知填Everyone。

2．brave【解析】由上一句“Perhaps you're afraid...”可以推测本句是说你或许只是不够勇敢。

故填brave。

3．stops【解析】由句意“害羞就像一条蛇爬进我们的嘴里阻止我们说话”知，此处用stop；因主语shyness 是第三人称单数，故填stops。

4．visits【解析】由句意“甚至今天，那条蛇有时候还拜访我”知此处用visit；因主语that snake是第三人称单数，故填visits。

5．way【解析】the way to sp.“去某地的路”，是固定短语，故填way。

6．job【解析】由下段“This job taught me how to speak with people.”知，我在餐馆里找到了一份工作，故填job。

7．much【解析】花费“多少钱”常用how much来表达，故填much。

8．chances【解析】由句意“但是你可以寻找其他的机会跟人们说话”知填chances。

9．Or【解析】由于前后句的内容存在着选择关系，故填Or。

10．leave【解析】leave sb.alone“把某人单独留下”，是固定短语，故填leave。