1 八下期末测试题
八年级生物下学期期末测试题 (1)
期末测试题(满分:100分时间:60分钟)一、选择题(20×2分=40分)1.洛阳农科院培育出了地下结土豆,地上结不同颜色番茄的作物新品种。
提高了产量效率和观赏性。
其培育方式是(C) A.有性生殖B.组织培养C.嫁接D.扦插2.下列有关生物生殖发育的描述中错误的是(A)A.卵细胞在输卵管内受精,到达子宫后,才开始进行细胞分裂B.嫁接和扦插能保持亲本植物的性状C.蚊、果蝇、蜜蜂、蝴蝶等进行完全变态发育D.真菌一般是通过孢子繁殖后代的3.下列生殖方式中,属于有性生殖的是(D)A.椒草的叶长出新植株B.草履虫通过分裂产生新个体C.代孕母羊产下克隆羊多莉D.马铃薯的种子发育成新植株4.关于生物的生死和发育的说法中,不准确的是(B)A.植物的扦插、嫁接都属于无性繁殖B.昆虫的发育过程都要经过卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫四个阶段C.两栖动物的生殖和幼体发育必须在水中进行D.兔的繁殖和哺育后代的方式与人类相似,具有胎生和哺乳的特征5.(2015·滨州)下列关于生物现象或知识解释不正确的是(A)A.冷藏食物不易变质是由于低温杀死了细菌等微生物B.病毒离开活细胞不能独立生活C.抗虫棉的培育应用了转基因技术D.包装袋上印有“OTC”字样的药属于非处方药6.学习了“遗传的物质基础"后,小路同学找来一根白色长绳,在长绳上用红、橙、黄、绿等颜色涂出了长短不一的区段,之后,把长绳处理成短棒状.在小路的动手活动中,长绳、各色区段、短棒分别代表的是(B)A.DNA、染色体、基因B.DNA、基因、染色体C.基因、DNA、染色体D.染色体、DNA、基因7.大拇指能否向背侧弯曲是一对相对性状,控制不弯曲的基因(F)是显性基因,控制弯曲的基因(f)是隐性基因,如果父亲的基因组成为ff,母亲的基因组成为FF,则他们的子女(B)A.一半大拇指不弯曲,一半大拇指弯曲B.大拇指都不会弯曲C.男孩大拇指弯曲,女孩大拇指不弯曲D.大拇指都会弯曲8.生男生女的机会均等,其原因是(A)A.含X染色体和含Y染色体的两种精子与卵细胞结合的机会均等B.含X染色体和含Y染色体的两种卵细胞与精子结合的机会均等C.精子有一种类型,而卵细胞有两种类型D.雄性激素和雌性激素的作用机会均等9.下列对正常人的体细胞中染色体的叙述,正确的是(A)A.含有常染色体和性染色体两类,常染色体与性别决定无关,性染色体与性别决定有关B.含有X染色体和Y染色体两类,X染色体决定性别C.23对染色体,每对染色体都与性别决定有关D.23对染色体,每对染色体都与性别决定无关10.袁隆平教授利用普通水稻与一种野生水稻培育出高产优质的水稻新品种,他这种育种方法属于(C)A.人工选择育种B.诱导基因突变C.杂交育种D.诱导染色体变异11.关于生命起源和生物进化的下列叙述中,错误的是(D)A.原始大气成分中不含氧气B.原始生命诞生于原始海洋C.化石是研究生物进化的最直接证据D.生物进化的方向与环境变化无关12.下图是未被破坏的地层示意图,图中表示两个地层中曾发掘出物种A和物种B(均为该地层中掘出的最高等的生物)的化石。
初二下册期末考试卷
初二下册期末考试卷一、选择题1. 下列哪个城市是中国的首都?A. 上海B. 广州C. 北京D. 香港答案:C. 北京2. 太阳是在白天出来,还是在黑夜?A. 白天B. 黑夜答案:A. 白天3. 以下哪个是地球上最高的山峰?A. 珠穆朗玛峰B. 埃菲尔铁塔C. 泰山D. 长城答案:A. 珠穆朗玛峰4. 以下哪个是世界上最长的河流?A. 长江B. 尼罗河C. 雅鲁藏布江D. 澳洲河答案:B. 尼罗河5. 以下哪个是我国最大的淡水湖?A. 青海湖B. 洞庭湖C. 太湖D. 鄱阳湖答案:A. 青海湖二、填空题6. 5+7-3=?答案:97. 中国的首都是______________。
答案:北京8. 圆周率π的近似值是_______________。
答案:3.149. 太阳系中最大的行星是______________。
答案:木星10. 《三国演义》是中国古代哪位作家写的?答案:罗贯中三、解答题11. 请用自己的语言简述水的循环过程。
答案:水的循环是指地球上水源的循环过程。
首先,太阳能使地球水面的水蒸气升华,形成云层。
之后,云层聚集成云团,降下雨水或雪。
雨水渗入地下,形成地下水或地下蓄水层。
地下水又会通过井泉、河流等方式重新回到地表,进入海洋。
海洋中的水会被太阳能再次蒸发,形成云层,循环往复。
12. 请用简单的语言解释为什么太阳是地球上最重要的能源。
答案:太阳是地球上最重要的能源,因为太阳能支撑了地球上的生态系统。
太阳能提供了光和热,使植物进行光合作用,为动物提供食物。
太阳能还驱动了水循环,维持了地球上的降水和气候,保证了地球上的生物得以生存。
没有太阳能,地球上就没有生命存在的可能。
人教版初中英语八年级下学期期末测试卷一
人教版初中英语八年级下学期期末测试卷一一. 单项填空。
1. Jane is16-year-old high school student in United States.A. a, theB. the, aC. a, /D. an, the 2. —I think —I agree dragons are the of China. with you.Do you think so? A. situation B. symbol C. promise D. shape3. —Are all the students from in your class? —No, there are only 3 in our class. The others are from other countries.A. Germany, GermenB. Germany, GermansC. German, GermansD. German, Germany4. My time in the middle school was one of periods of my life.A. excitingB. more excitingC. the more excitingD. the most exciting 5. Bob is always polite to everyone, and he islovelyall of us like him very much.A. too, toB. neither, norC. so, thatD. such, that 6. —What would you like, tea or coffee?— , thanks. I just prefer a glass of water. A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. So7. Come on, baby. We have already done of the work. A. two three B. two third C. two thirds D. second three8. —My cousin has a sore throat.—She’d better .A. drink water with honeyB. see a dentistC. take a showerD. get an X-ray9.—Come here, I’ll tell you about your study.—OK, we’re coming.A. anything importantB. something importantC. important anythingD. important something10.The less junk food you eat, you will be.A. the healthierB. healthierC. more healthyD. less healthy11.Mr. Brown his hometown since he the army.A. has left, joinedB. has been away from, has joinedC. has been away from, joinedD. left, joined12.Qomolangma is about 8, 844 meters high. It ismountain in the world.A. highestB. the highestC. higherD. the higher13.—my surprise, Jin Ming was chosen into our school football team.—Congratulations. He did well playing football when he was very young. I hope he’ll be the best player in our school.A. To, ofB. At, atC. To, inD. In, about14.—Mom, can I do much work in a short time?—Dear, I think you can.A. so, soB. such, soC. so, suchD. such, such15.—At what age did you leave home?—I left home at 18, Neil. I your city for fiveyears.A. have been inB. have been toC. have gone toD. have come to二. 完形填空。
2018-2019学年度部编版八年级语文下册期末测试题一及答案解析
2018-2019学年度部编版八年级语文下册期末测试题一第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共30分)一、积累与运用(1-4小题,每小题3分,共12分)1、下列词语的字形与加点字的读音完全正确的一项是()(3分)A、家眷.(juàn)枸杞.(qǐ)悬殊.(sū)诸如此类B、清冽.(liè)器皿.(mǐn)溯洄.(huí)消声匿迹C、赋.予(fù)逸.事(yì)萦.绕(yíng)打报不平D、寒噤.(jìn)敦.实(dūn)沟壑.(hè)目眩神迷2、下列加点的词语使用有误的一项是()(3分)A、大陆台湾两地血脉相连、亲如一家,不会受人挑拨离间....。
B、我现在开始若无其事....地考虑目前的情形和环境,把我每天的经历用笔记下来。
C、近几年来,我们国家如日中天....,出现一片欣欣向荣的景象。
D、乍一听,他的解释似乎可以自圆其说....,但仔细推敲,漏洞还是很多。
3、下列句子没有语病的一项是()(3分)A、王维在继承传统的基础上,努力创造的具有鲜明个性的意境,丰富和提高了山水诗的表现技巧,对诗歌发展做出了贡献。
B、为确保大熊猫入港随俗,科研人员专门安排它们接受语言训练,提升普通话、广东话和英语能力,为在香港定居做好准备。
C、许多投资者不了解证券投资和基金产品的风险,没有区别股票和基金产品与储蓄、债券的差异,贸然进行证券和基金投资。
D、作为古海岸与湿地同处一地的国家级自然保护区,七里海是京津唐地带极其难得的一片绿洲,被誉为天津滨海地区既大又美的花园。
4、下列句子组成语段顺序排列正确的一项是()(3分)①所谓“绚烂之撅趋于平淡”,就是这种境界。
②作文知道割爱,才是进入第三阶段的征象。
③芟除枝蔓之后,才能显着整洁而有精神,清楚而有姿态,简单而有力量。
④不成熟的思想,不稳妥的意见,不切题的材料,不扼要的描写,不恰当的词字,统统要大刀阔斧的加以削删。
(外研社版)八年级英语下册 期末测试题(一)附答案
八年级英语下册期末测试题(一)班次:姓名:得分:听力部分一、听句子或对话,选择意思相符的图片。
每个句子或对话读两遍。
1. What does Simon want to be?A. B. C.2. Where is Julie going for her holiday?A. B. C.3. Where did Bob get the news from?A. B. C.4. What does the girl want to be?A. B. C.5. What does the boy’s father do?A. B. C.二、听录音,选择相应的句子。
每个句子读两遍。
6.A. I go to work every day.B. I often go to the cinema with my boyfriend.C. Shops are open at weekends.7.A. What kind of computer is that?B. What language does she speak?C. What do you think of this computer?8.A. I got the highest score.B. I won the first prize.C. I failed the final exam.9.A. You’ll be late unless you leave now.B. Don’t be late for school next time.C. My brother is often late for school.10.A. I’m glad you like it.B. Don’t mention it.C. Here we are.三、听对话,选择正确的答案。
每段对话读两遍。
11. What does Molly like?A. Action movies.B. Talk shows.C. Sports shoves.12. What will Paul do this afternoon?A. Go to the park.B. Prepare for his math exam.C. Go to the concert.13. Where did the dialogue probably happen?A. In a street.B. In a shop.C. In a school.14. Who is the shortest of the three girls?A. Wu Na’s cousin.B. Wu Yu.C. Wu Na.15. What does the boy think the life will be in 100 years?A. There will be more water.B. There will be less pollution.C. There will be less water and more pollution.四、听短文,选择正确的答案。
江西省南昌市-学年度第一学期期末八年级历史测试卷(初二)
2019—2020学年度第一学期期末测试卷八年级(初二)历史参考答案及评分意见一、选择题:本大题共25小题,每小题2分,共50分。
二、综合题:本大题共4小题,26题12分,27、28题13分,29题12分,共50分。
26.(1)五四运动。
(1分)一次彻底地反对帝国主义和封建主义的爱国运动。
(2分)(2)③①④②。
(2分)新民主主义革命的历程(或中共革命史)。
(2分)(3)红军第五次反“围剿”失利。
(1分)不怕吃苦、不畏艰难的革命乐观主义精神;勇于战斗、无坚不摧的革命英雄主义精神。
(其他与题意相符的答案也可给分,)(2分)(4)坚持本国国情,坚持实事求是;坚持发动群众。
(言之有理即可,2分)27.(1)九一八事变,七七事变(卢沟桥事变)。
(4分)(2)沉重打击日寇,振奋中国军民抗战信心。
(2分)(3)①中国人民巨大的民族觉醒、空前的民族团结和英勇的民族抗争;②中国共产党在全民族抗战中的中流砥柱作用;③世界上一切爱好和平与正义的国家和人民的支持。
(答出任意1点,3分)(4)方法三:读报学史(1分)网络学史、调查访问、文献学史、实地调查等(答出一点即可)(1分)(5)铭记历史,勿忘国耻;保持警惕,防范日本军国主义抬头;发展国民经济,增强综合国力;努力学习,发奋图强,振兴中华;反对战争,珍爱和平;日本要正视历史,承认战争罪行;两国要以史为鉴,面向未来,共创和平等(答出一点即可,言之有理即可给分,2分)28.(1)① A ② E ③ C ④ D ⑤ B (5分)(2)A影片应该去锦州(或长春、沈阳等地);拍摄B影片应该去徐州;拍摄C影片应该去北京(或天津、张家口等地);拍摄D影片应该去南京;拍摄E影片应该去大别山。
(任意写对两点即可,2分)(3)B、D、E。
(任意两个,2分)贡献:与刘伯承一起率军挺进大别山,揭开了人民解放军战略进攻的序幕;参与指挥淮海战役,解放了长江以北的广大地区;参与指挥渡江战役,推翻了国民党在大陆的统治。
人教八年级下册英语期末测试卷(一)(含听力+答案)
人教八年级下册英语期末测试卷〔一〕时间:120分钟总分值:120分听力局部〔分〕I.听句子,选择正确的答语.听一遍.(5分)( )1. A. Yes, I would. B. No, I don't. C. OK,I'll do it at once.( )2. A. I was using the Internet. B. Yes, I was. C. I used the Internet.( )3. A. Yes, I've been there twice. B. Yes, I'm going. C. Yes, I did.( )4. A. He's gone to the library. B. He will go to the library.C. He's been to the library.( )5. A. Yes, please. B. You are so kind. C. No I can't. II.听对话及问题,选择正确的答案.听两遍. (5分) ( )6. A. Eric's mother. B. Eric's father. C. Eric. ( )7.A.At 9:30 a.m. B.At 10:30 a.m. C.At 11:00 a.m. ( )8.A. She has a sore back. B. She has a headache.C. She has a sore throat.( )9. A. Does the dishes. B. Sweeps the floor. C. Takes out the rubbish.( )10. A.Sarah B.Ben. C. Tina.田.听两段对话,选择正确的答案.听两遍.(5分) 听第一段对话,答复第11〜12小题.)11. Where have the twins been?A. To Paris.B.To Sydney.C. To New York. ( )12. How long have the twins been there?A. For a week.B. For a month.C. For two months.听第二段对话,答复第13〜15小题.( )13. Thomas is for vacation.A. going to visit the Great WallB. going to do chores at homeC. going bike riding( )14. Rose has to stay at home for a few days because .A. her parents both workB. her parents have no moneyC. she is tired( )15. Rose is going to Beijing with .A. her friendsB. her cousinsC. her parentsIV.听短文,选择正确的答案.听两遍.(10分)( )16. The man wanted to take a little rest because .A. he was hungryB. it was very hotC. it was cool in the forest( )17. The man shouted at the monkeys, but the little monkeys could nA.seeB.hearC. understand( )18. After the man threw his hat onto the ground, all the monkeys _____ .ughed and made facesB. jumped off the treeC. threw their hats down( )19. In the end the man picked up all his hats and .A. went homeB. went to townC. went to the forest( )20. This interesting story tells us about .A. monkeys and a man with hatsB. how to teach monkeys to wear hatsC. a man and his monkey笔试局部(95分) D. 单项选择.(15分)A. Have a good timeB. You are unluckyC. I want to go, tooD. I'm sorry to hear that( )26. -Excuse me. Where is Mr Smiths office?-He isn't here now. He here for almost one year.A. doesn't workB. didn't workC. hasn't workedD. won't work)27.-I will take my computer test tomorrow.______ .A. I'm sorry to hear thatB. That's OKC. Good luckD. Congratulations)28. I can't believe ______ a little girl can read many books.A.such; soB.such; suchC.so; suchD.so; so)29.-Did your father agree with you?-He was ______ my plan. He thought it was not safe for a girl to travel alone.A.aboutB.withC.forD.against)30. He has ______ daughter _______ Mary.A.a eight years old; nameB. a eight-year-old; namingC.an eight-years-old; namedD. an eight-year-old; named)31. She didnt call me ,she wrote an e-mail to me.( )25. I'm going to spend my winter vacation with my parents in Hainan.( )21.(江苏苏州中考)In North America, meat eaters are bears and (mountain lions. They eat smaller animals such as rabbits and mice.A.smallestB. the smallestC. largestD. the largest( )22. -Who often helps you ______ your English?-My grandfather . ( A.with; does B.studying; helpsC. with; doD. to study; helps ( ( )23.-Could you please buy __________ drinks and snacks?- .I have no timeA.some; SureB.any; SorryC. some; SorryD. any; Yes ( ( )24. Please stop talking. Our teacher has _____ to tell us.A.something importantB. important somethingC. anything importantD.much important (( )32.(安徽中考)I will meet Jane at the station. Please ______ what time she willarrive.A.countB. chooseC. checkD. catch( )33. Mary with her parents ________ to the UK. They back in three weeks.but only bird food. The bat would rather die of hunger than 42 bird food. When the boy noticed the bat getting thinner, he used the spoon to feed the bat bird food 43 the bat could be used to eating the bird food.Some days later, the bat managed to escape from the cage and 44 home. He began to hunt insects for food with other bats. Later he became strong and enjoyed his life 45 a bat.C.have been; comeD. have been; have come ( ( )34.(山东泰安中考)One of the best ways for people to keep healthy is to (good eating habit. (A.growB. developC. increaseD. find ( ( )35.-Could I your umbrella, Alice? ( -Of course. Here you are. (E. .完形填空.(10分) (There was once a bat 蝙蝠)that was too lazy to hunt insects. One day, he looked 36 ( a window and saw a bird in its cage. The bird was given all its food and water without ( having to do_2Z at all. So the bat decided to become a child pet. m.阅读理解.〔30分〕The bat flew to parks so that he could be seen by some 38 and taken home. However Nick put two big baskets of grapes on his donkey and went to the market to sell them.the bat was not as beautiful as some birds, and the children paid little attention艮少注意).A. ReallyB. HoweverC. InsteadD. Though the best and certainly the cleverest one. But when he wanted to eat, there was no in A.have gone; will come B.has gone; will come ( )36.A. between B.out C.across D.through)37. A. everything )38. A. animals )39. A.take)40. A. sad)41. A.looked)42.A.eat)43. A.because )44. A.returned )45. A. forB. somethingB.menB. keepB.lonelyB. feltB.eatingB. so thatB.leftB. likeC. anythingC.childrenC.regardC.coldC.soundedC.to eatC.unlessC. arrivedC. asD. nothingD. womenD. orderD.happyD. trainedD. eatenD.sinceD.moveD. toFinally, with good luck, he met a little boy who was willing to 39 him as a pet. other men there, and all of them had baskets of grapes. After lunch they went to sleep. The bat was 40 in his cage, in a warm and comfortable house.There he 41 like he was After some time,Nick began to take grapes out of the other mens baskets and putthem inAt midday it was very hot, so he stopped in the shade of a big tree. There were severalSuddenly, one of the men woke up and saw him. "What are you doing? " he said angrily.“Oh〞said Nick, “don worry about me. I am half mad(疯的),and I do a lot of strange things.Oh, really?〞 said the other man. Then why don't you take grapes out of your baskets and put them in somebody els e baskets? You did not understand me'. said Nick. I said that I was half mad, not quite mad.( )6. Nick went to the market _______ .A. to sell his donkeyB. to buy somethingC. to sell his grapesD. to find a job ( )47. Nick stopped .A. under a big treeB. near a big treeC. around a big treeD. in a big tree ( )48. As Nick was taking away the other men s grapes, one of the men .A.didn't see himB. saw him and got angryC. woke his fellows(同伴)upD. came to him ( )49. Nick said that he did a lot of strange things because .A. he was cleverB. he was quite madC. he was foolishD. he was half mad ( )50. In this story Nick was .C. a friendly manD.a clever manBEvery year hundreds of people try to climb the worlds highest mountain or walk through rainforests. Let's take a look at two of them. A mountain climber Do you know that more than 4, 000 people have climbed Qomolangma? Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner is one of them. She s one of the world s greatest climbers and has climbed all the mountains over 8,000 meters in the world. It s difficult to climb mountains in cold weather, but Gerlinde loves jt. She started to climb the mountains near her home as a teenager.An Amazon adventurerEd Stafford is the first person to walk along the Amazon River(亚马孙河).His journey took two years and four months. There are many dangerous animals,but Ed was only bitten(被咬)by small insects(昆虫).During his trip, Ed had to look for fruit or catch fish. Sometimes food was hard to find. So he asked the people of the rainforest for food and help.( )51. Gerlinde started mountain climbing when she .A. left schoolB. became a nurseC.was a teenagerD. finished the trip to Amazon ( )52. What does thehis. A. a selfish(自私的)man B.a mad manunderlined word "it" refer to?A. To climb all the mountains in the world.B. To climb mountains in cold weather.C. To be the worlds greatest climber.D. To climb Qomolangma( )53. What can we know from Eds journey along the Amazon River?A. It took four years and two months.B. It was cold in the rainforest.C. It was easy to find food.D. It was very dangerous.( )54. Ed might NOT see ______ in the rainforest.A.peopleB.planesC. fruitD. insects( )55. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Ed was once bitten by mice on his trip.B Gerlinde is the first person to climb Qomolangma.C. More than 4,000 people climb Qomolangma every year.D. Gerlinde has climbed all the mountains over 8,000 meters in the world.CKnown as the mother river by all the Chinese people. the Huanghe River(Yellow River) is the second longest river in China after the Changjiang River. It is 5,464 kilometers long. It starts from the Kunlun Mountains, northwestern Qinghai Province. It runs through nine provinces and flows to Bohai Sea in Shandong Province. The first appearance of the name"Yellow River" is in The Book of Han. The word "yellow" describes the color of the muddy water in the lower course 下游)of the river.根据以上短文内容,完成下面表格.VIII.用所给词的适当形式填空.(5分)61. You have made a (different) in the activity62. Jill's father used to (control) the company, but now he has retired.63. This is a specially (train) dog and it can do something for you64. Jack is the most popular student in his class because of his _______ (kind).65. (communicate)between parents and teenagers is important.X.根据对话内容,从下面方框中选出五个适当的句子补全对话, 其中有两项是多余的(10 分)A: Hello, what are you looking at?B: 66. I am planning to travel, so they sent me the these to cheer me up. 阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空, 使短文意思通顺、完整.A: That's nice. Look, this postcard is from Beijing. 67. B: Yeah, I' m sure it is. But Ii Wei says it's tiring to travel around the city. A:68. _____B: Let's see. That's from Peter. He went to London last summer and went inside Buckingham Palace, where the Queen of England lives.A. Oh, it would be fantastic. C: And this is a postcard of Bali Island. Paul was there last week. He said it s very peaceful.A:69. _____B: Um, this one. It's from Disneyland. It's so exciting. Td really love to go. A: 70. Maybe it could be a graduation present for you next year. B: Yes. You are right. I'll try.A. Just some postcards from friends.B. Why not talk about it with your parents?C. Where s this one from?D. How did he go there?E. That's a very interesting place to visit.F. Of all, which postcard do you like best?G. Who is he?X .词语运用.〔10分〕每词限用一次.方框中有两个词是多余的.think, she, grow, trouble, among, mountain, two peace, careful,between, because, makeThere once was a king who offered a prize to the artist who painted the best picture of peace. Many artists tried. The king looked at all the pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose 71. them. One picture was a quiet lake. The lake was a perfect mirror 髓子〕for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead was a blue sky with white clouds. All who saw this picture 72. that it was a perfect picture of peace.The other picture had 73. , too. But these were rocky. Above was an angry sky, rain fell from it and lightning played in it.Down the side of the mountains fell a waterfall. This did not look 74. at all.But when the king looked 75. , he saw behind the waterfall a small bush〔灌木〕76. in a crack〔裂缝〕in the rock. In the bush a mother bird had built 77. nest 康〕.There sat the mother bird in her nest-in perfect peace.Which picture do you think won the prize? The king chose the 78. picture. Do you know why?79. _________ peace does not mean to be in a place where there is no noise,80. , or hard work, "explained the king."Peace means to be the middle ofall those noisy things and still be peaceful in your heart.That is the real meaning of peace.XI .书面表达.〔15分〕听力材料你的同桌Mary上课时总是和别人说话.你与她的关系不错,但她的行为已经影I.听句子,选择正确的答语.听一遍.1. Could you please turn off the radio?响了你的学习.请你写一封信给她,说说你的想法,并给出适当的建议. 70词左右提示词:deskmate何桌〕,disturb〔打搅;影响〕,get rid of〔改掉〕 2. What were you doing when I called you last night?____________________________________________________________________ 3.Have you ever been to the amusement park?____________________________________________________________________ 4. Where s Jim? Do you know?____________________________________________________________________ 5. May I ask you some questions?____________________________________________________________________ II.听对话及问题,选择正确的答案.听两遍____________________________________________________________________ 6. W: What were you doing when the earthquake happened, Eric?____________________________________________________________________ M: I was reading. My mother was watching TV and my father was cooking.Q: Who was watching TV when the earthquake happened?7. W: Our fight will be at 9: 30 a m. Is that OK?M: No. It's too late. I can't get to the meeting in an hour.Q: When will the meeting start?8. M: What s the matter, Lucy?W: I have a sore throat.Q: What's wrong with Lucy?9. W: Do you like doing the dishes, John?M: No, I hate it, but I often help my mom sweep the floor.Q: What chore does John often do at home?10. M: Have you ever been to the water park, Sarah?W: No, I haven't. What about you, Ben?M: Me neither. But Tina has.Q: Who has been to the water park?HI.听两段对话,选择正确的答案.听两遍.听第一段对话,答复第11〜12小题.M: I haven't seen you for a long time. Where have you been?W: I went to New York with my twin sister.M: How long did you stay there?W: We lived with my aunt for a month. We came back a week ago. M: Where s your sister now? I didn't see her today.W: Oh, she went to the library to borrow a book.听第二段对话,答复第13〜15小题.W: The vacation is coming. What are you doing for it, Thomas?M: I'm going bike riding with my friends. What about you, Rose?W: I have to do chores at home for a few days. My parents both work. M: What are you going to do after that?W: I'm going to Beijing.M: What are you going to do therdW: To visit the Great Wall.M: Who are you going with?W: With my cousin.M: Have a good time!W: You too.IV.听短文,选择正确的答案.听两遍.One day a man was on his way to town with many hats. He was walking through a forest. It was very hot and the man wanted to have a little rest. He put one hat on his head and put the others on the ground. Then he sat down under a tree and soon he fell asleep.When he woke up half an hour later, the man couldn't find his hats on the ground. Then he looked around and found many monkeys in the tree. Each monkey had a hat on its head. He shouted at the monkeys and wanted his hats, but the monkeys didrt understand him. At last he was very angry and he threw his last hat onto the ground. Then the little monkeys threw their hats onto the ground, too. In the end, the man picked up all his hats and went to town.参考答案56.longest 57.northwestern 58.Sea 59.Han 60. waterVIII. 61.difference 62.control 63.trained 64.kindness municationIX. 66-70 AECFBX 71. between 72.thought 73.mountains 74.peaceful 75.carefullyI 1-5 CAAAA II 6-10 ABCBC III 11-15CBCAB IV 16-20 BCCBA V 21-25 DACAA 26-30 CCADD 31-35 CCBBCVI 36-40 DCCBD 41-45 BABACVII 46-50 CABDA 51-55 CBDBD76.growing 77.her 78.second 79.Because 80.troubleXI One possible version:Dear Mary,It's good to be your deskmate. Thank you for helping me so much in my study. Ydue a good girl. But you have just one bad habit. You often talk with others, either in or out of class. You may think it's not a problem. But I should say it really disturbs me. I cant listen to the teachers clearly or put my heart into my homework. I think you should get rid of this bad habit and work hard at your schoolwork. I think saying all this may make you uncomfortable at the moment, but you'll find it good for you.Yours,Tom。
人教版2022-2023学年八年级物理第一学期期末测试题(含答案)
2022—2023学年度第一学期八年级期末考试物 理 试 卷说 明:本训练卷分卷和Ⅱ卷,满分100分,答题用时90分钟。
注意事项:1.答题前,务必将姓名等信息填写在答题卡指定位置。
2.请将答案直接填写在答题卡上。
你可能用到的物理量∶声速v=340m/sρ水=1.0×103kg/m 3第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共54分)一、选择题(下列各题中只有一个选项是正确的,请将正确选项序号涂在答题卡上。
共18小题,每小题3分,共54分)1.下图的光源中,属于人造光源的是A .灯光B .闪电C .水母D .太阳2.下列透镜不属于凸透镜的是A .B .C .D .3.下面是小军画的一束光通过透镜的光路图,其中正确的是A .B .C .D .4.如图,下列关于光现象说法中正确的是甲乙丙丁A .图甲,通过调节。
烛焰通过小孔可以成等大的、缩小的、放大的三种实像B .图乙,地面上的物理教材是光源,它发出的光射入了人眼C .图丙,夏天的海面上出现的海市蜃楼景象,它是由光的反射形成的D .图丁,白光经过三棱镜后发生光的色散,红光偏折的最厉害 5.如图所示的四种现象或应用中,能用光的折射知识进行解释的是A .水中的手指折断了B .手影游戏C .潜望镜D .自行车尾灯6.如图所示的四种光现象,其中由光的反射形成的是A .雨后出现彩虹B .水中的倒影C .池水变浅了D .树荫下明亮的光斑7.有经验的渔民都知道,叉鱼时,只有瞄准鱼的下方才能叉到鱼。
如图所示,光路图(S 表示鱼,S ’表示鱼的像)正确规范的是A .B .C .D .8.小明用凸透镜先后两次观察书本上的字,看到如图所示的两种情景,以下说法中正确的是 A .甲图中成的是实像;乙图中成的虚像B .甲图中书本在凸透镜2倍焦距以外;乙图中书本在凸透镜1倍焦距以内C .甲图中凸透镜靠近书本时像变小;乙图中凸透镜远离书本时像变小D .甲图中成像规律可应用于投影仪;乙图中成像规律可应用于照相机9.如图甲所示、把一个箭头水平地放在空玻璃瓶的后方,透过空玻璃瓶观察到的情形如图乙;将玻璃瓶灌满水后,将箭头由靠近玻璃瓶的位置向远处慢慢地移动,在逐渐远离的过程中,通过凸透镜观察到箭头不同的像如图丙所示,则像出现的先后顺序是A.③①②⑤B .①②⑤C .③②⑤D.④③②⑤10.下列四幅图中,有的能说明近视眼或远视眼的成像原理,有的给出方法、下列判断正确的是①②③④A.图①能够说明远视眼的成像原理,图④给出了远视眼的矫正方法B.图①能够说明近视眼的成像原理,图③给出了近视眼的矫正方法C.图②能够说明近视眼的成像原理,图④给出了近视眼的矫正方法D.图②能够说明远视眼的成像原理,图④给出了远视眼的矫正方法11.把蜡烛放在凸透镜左侧,在右侧调整光屏到透镜的距离,使烛焰在光屏上成清晰的实像(光具座上刻度的分度值是1cm),下列说法正确的是A.蜡烛和光屏互换位置,光屏上还能得到倒立缩小的实像B.此透镜的焦距在7.5cm至15cm之间C.换一只焦距更短的透镜,蜡烛透镜位置不变、要重新得到清晰的像,光屏要适当向右移动D.蜡烛向左适当移动,要重新得到清晰的像,光屏要适当向右移动12.如图所示四个现象中,说法正确的是甲乙丙丁A.图甲中,用相同的力拨动钢尺,钢尺伸出长度越长,钢尺振动发出声音的音调越高B.图乙中,用相同大小的力拨动橡皮筋,橡皮筋绷得越紧,发出声音的音调越高C.图丙中,向下拉活塞,哨音的音调会变高D.图丁中,用相同的力敲击水瓶琴时,从左到右音调逐渐变低13.利用如图甲所示的装置探究固体物质熔化时温度的变化规律,在0-35min内对物质加热得到如图乙所示的温度随时间变化的图象。
部编人教版2023--2024学年度第一学期八年级语文期末测试卷及答案
D .“契而不舍”应写成“锲而不舍”。
2. 有同学对文段横线处的朝代不清楚,请你帮他填上正确内容。
(用正楷字书写)(1分)活动二在浩瀚太空中,在广袤大地上,总有一抹抹亮色让人刻骨铭心、激扬奋进。
那是夜空中最亮的星【甲】那是中华大地上最耀眼的光。
抗疫战场,义无反顾,最美“逆行者”向险而行,书写责任与担当;无畏艰险,攀登珠峰,8848.86 米不仅是数字,更象征着中华民族勇攀高峰、不懈拼搏的精神;科技探索,星际穿越,“嫦娥”“北斗”,承载着中国乃至人类的智慧之光奋力向前【乙】这一个个壮举,让我们明白了:只有坚守责任与担当,不断钻研与探索,敢于拼搏和挑战,才能创造奇迹。
3. 在文段【甲】【乙】两处依次填入标点,正确的一项是( )(2分)A .分号 省略号B .分号 分号C .逗号 分号D .逗号 省略号4. 画线句作为这段文字的总结句,有一处表达欠妥,请你加以修改。
(2分)修改: 活动三我们向榜样致敬。
【甲】致敬杜甫,您心怀济世情怀,历经磨难,仍不折不挠;【乙】致敬苏炳添,9秒83,冲出亚洲的速度,你不懈坚持,妙手偶得,创出佳绩;【丙】致敬张定宇,您用渐冻的生命,与大○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○航天的传奇,年过古稀未伏枥,犹向苍穹寄深情。
作为新时代的接班人,我们应该学习榜样精神,踔厉奋发,笃行不怠。
我们面对不同的困难,都应展现出磨而不磷....、涅而不缁....的决心,付出脚踏实地的行动。
学习榜样,绽放青春! 这真是:古今榜样承前启后① ② 继往开来谱新篇5. 画线句中修辞方法或成语使用不恰当...的一项是( )(2分) A .【甲】B .【乙】C .【丙】D .【丁】6. 同学们借助《古汉语常用字字典》为加点的词语作了批注,发现“磨而不磷、涅而不缁”所共同表达出的意思是 。
(2分)7. 文中对联横线处所填内容最恰当的一项是( )(2分) A .①创奇迹 ②盛世少年 B .①造辉煌 ②少年笃行 C .①创奇迹 ②少年笃行 D .①造辉煌 ②盛世少年 二、古诗文阅读(共17分) (一)(共4分) 8.古诗文默写。
山东省德州市第一中学附属中学2022-2023学年八年级下学期末测试数学模拟卷3
2022-2023年德州一中附属中学八下期末测试模拟卷一、单选题(本大题共12小题,共48分。
在每小题列出的选项中,选出符合题目的一项)A.B.C.D.二、填空题(本大题共6小题,共24分)15.一射击运动员一次射击练习的成绩是(单位:环):9,7,10,8 ,9,10 ,8,这位运动员这次射击成绩的中位数是________环.16.如图,一次函数y=mx+n与一次函数y=kx+b的图像交于点A(1,2),则关于x的不等式mx+n>kx+b 的解集是_____.17.长方体敞口玻璃罐,长、宽、高分别为16cm、6cm和6cm,在罐内点E处有一小块饼干碎末,此时一只蚂蚁正好在罐外壁,在长方形ABCD中心的正上方2cm处,则蚂蚊到达饼干的最短距离是_______cm.18.如图①,在边长为4cm的正方形ABCD中,点P以每秒2cm的速度从点A出发,沿AB→BC的路径运动,到点C停止.过点P作PQ∥BD,PQ与边AD(或边CD)交于点Q,PQ的长度y(cm)与点P的运动时间x(秒)的函数图象如图②所示.当点P运动2.5秒时,PQ的长度是________cm.三、解答题请根据所给信息,解答下列问题:a________,b=________;(1)=(2)请补全频数分布直方图;(3)样本中,抽取的部分学生成绩的中位数落在第________段;(4)已知该年级有500名学生参加这次比赛,若成绩在90分以上(含90分)的为优,估计该年级成绩为优的有多少人?22.如图,点C在线段AB上,△DAC和△DBE都是等边三角形.(1)求证:△DAB≌△DCE(2)求证:DA∥EC.23.为参加学校艺术节闭幕演出,八年级一班欲租用男、女演出服装若干套以供演出时使用,已知4套男(2)点P 为线段AB 上一点,点Q 为线段BC 上一点,BQ AP =,连接PQ ,设点P 的横坐标为t ,PBQ V 的面积为()0S S ≠,求S 与t 之间的函数关系式(不要求写出自变量t 的取值范围);。
人教版八年级下册英语 第二学期期末测试卷(一)
第二学期期末测试卷(一)时间:120分钟满分:120分第一部分听力(共四大题,满分20分)一、短对话理解。
(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)1. How will the boy go to Beijing?2. What did the girl do last night?3. When will they go to the cinema?A. This morning.B. This afternoon.C. Tomorrow afternoon.4. What did Tony's mother buy for him?A. A toy horse.B. A toy tiger.C. A toy bear.5. How did Eric hurt his head?A. He fell off a bike.B. He walked into a tree.C. He fell over a stone.二、长对话理解。
(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)听下面一段对话,回答第6、7小题。
6. Who did Li Dong go to Beijing with?A. His friends.B. His parents.C. His sisters.7. Where did Li Dong visit?A. The Great Wall.B. The Summer Palace.C. The Forbidden City.听下面一段对话,回答第8至10小题。
8. Where did Mike go?A. To a paper factory.B. To a hospital.C. To a school.9. How long has Mike been in Green China?A. For two years.B. For five years.C. For six years.10. What are they going to do?A. Go to a cinema.B. Have a talk.C. Have supper together.三、短文理解。
北师大版八年级历史期末测试卷(一)
八年级测试卷一、选择题:本大题共小30题,每题1分,共30分。
1.观察右边漫画,请为该漫画选择一个最佳主题( )A .大清盛世B .闭关锁国C .和谐社会D .自给自足 2.“国家危难,救国意坚,广东禁毒,虎门销烟”描述的历史人物是( )A .林则徐B .洪秀全C .魏源D .张学良 3.“圆明园,我为你哭泣!”同学们学习了“火烧圆明园”这段历史后,内心充满了悲愤和痛惜。
第二次鸦片战争 中,抢劫、烧毁了这座世界著名皇家园林的殖民强盗是( )A .英德联军B .德法联军C .英法联军D .美俄联军 4.作为洋务派的代表,受命于危难之际,收复新疆,清政府在他的建议下于1884年设新疆行省。
他是( )A .左宗棠B .李鸿章C .林则徐D .张之洞 5.1895~1945年台湾曾离开祖国怀抱50年。
造成这种状况的不平等条约是( )A .《南京条约》B .《北京条约》C .《马关条约》D .《辛丑条约》 6.《辛丑条约》签订后,居住在北京东交民巷的刘家被迫举家搬迁。
其主要原因是帝国主义国家要在此( )A .开商埠B .建教堂C .办工厂D .设使馆7、清末有一个状元,面对民族危亡,毅然弃官还乡,走“实业救国”之路。
毛泽东在谈到中国民族工业时,曾赞扬说,轻工业不能忘记他。
他就是( )A .詹天佑B .康有为C .张謇D .严复 8.中国近代史上曾有过一场空前的思想解放运动。
这场运动高举“民主”和“科学”两面大旗,像漫漫黑夜中的一道闪电,猛烈冲击着封建专制思想。
它是( )A .辛亥革命B .戊戌变法C .新文化运动D .五四运动9.维新变法运动中开办的一所新式学校,不仅是当时中国最高学府,同时也兼具当时最高教育行政机关的职能。
近代第一所国家建立的最高学府是( )A .京师同文馆B .京师大学堂C .国立清华大学D .国立中山大学 10.以下不属于民国政府时期社会习俗方面巨大变化的是( )A .强令男子剪掉辫子B .中山装成为那时最具特色的服装C .废除科举制度D .革除“大人”“老爷”等前清官场的称呼 11.下列历史事件中,没有直接联系的一组是( )A .《海国图志》——邓世昌B .《马关条约》——公车上书C .鲁迅——《狂人日记》D .国共第一次合作——黄埔军校 12.李明同学搜集了有关五四运动的标语和口号,并从里面获知了最能反映五四运动性质的一条。
2022年八年级语文下册期末测试卷一贵阳
2022年八年级语文下册期末测试卷一贵阳1、1叶子底下是()的流水,遮住了,不能见一些颜色。
(朱自清《荷塘月色》)括号内应填“脉脉”。
[判断题] *对错(正确答案)2、“自惭形秽”中“秽”、“扣人心弦”中“弦”的读音分别是“shu씓xuán”。
[判断题] *对错(正确答案)3、下列选项中加着重号字注音正确的一项是()[单选题] *A、百舸kě绸缪móuB、橘子jú苍茫chāngC、挥斥方遒qiú层林尽染jìn(正确答案)D、寥廓liào 百侣lǚ4、1“是故无贵无贱,无长无少”的下一句是“道之所存,师之所存也”。
[判断题] *对错(正确答案)5、《红楼梦》“宝玉挨打”的情节历来为读者所津津乐道,下面对宝玉挨打的原因分析有误的是( ) [单选题] *A.宝玉会见官僚贾雨村时无精打采,令贾政很不满意。
B.宝玉与金钏儿说悄悄话被王夫人听见,金钏儿被王夫人打后羞愤投井自杀。
(正确答案)C.贾环搬弄是非,向贾政诬告此系宝玉逼奸不遂,逼死了金钏儿惹怒贾政。
D.宝玉又因留恋戏子蒋玉菡被告了状。
激怒了忠顺王爷,给贾政无端招来政治纠纷。
6、棘手、机遇、极乐鸟、集腋成裘此组词语中加着重号的字的读音相同。
[判断题] *对错(正确答案)7、含情脉脉中的脉读作()[单选题] *māimǎimǒmò(正确答案)8、17. 下列句子中加双引号成语使用恰当的一项是()[单选题] *A.生态建设让绿色成为乡村发展最动人的色彩,家乡的河流又开始“川流不息”。
B.李大钊掷地有声的话语,道出了五四先驱“一意孤行”的追求。
C.习近平许多重要讲话,往往用喻贴切,通俗易懂,体现了“平易近人”的语言风格。
(正确答案)D.青岛海上救援队一年365天随时待命,经常出没于“风口浪尖”,救人于危难之中。
9、下列中括号内字注音无误的一项是()[单选题] *A.杏[仁](rén)火[炽](chì)[暂]时(zàn)(正确答案)B.机[杼](zhù)一[钹](bá)[犬]牙(quǎn)C.[叛]乱(pàn)褴[褛](lǚ)坚[劲](jìn)D.[溶]解(róng) [燕]山(yàn)惆[怅](chàng)10、1《荷花淀》是孙犁的散文。
周周清八下数学电子版统编版期末测试
周周清八下数学电子版统编版期末测试试卷分第1卷和第II卷两部分,共4页。
满分150分。
考试用时120分钟。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项.1、答卷前,考生务必用0、5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2、第1卷每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,在选涂其他答案标号。
答案写在试卷上无效。
3、第1I卷必须用0、5毫米黑色签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置,不能写在试卷上,如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4、填空题直接填写答案,解答题应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤参考公式.如果事件A,B互斥,那么P(A+B)=P(A)+P(B)、第1卷(共50分)一、选择题.本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求1、若集合M=(r|VE4),N=(x |3x1),则MON =()A.[r|02)B.(x2)C.[r|3 16)D.(x116)2、若i(1-=)=1,则.+3=()A.-2B.-1C.1D.23、在AABC中,点D在边AB上,BD =2DA、记CA=m,CD=n、则CB=()、A.3m-2nB.-2m +3nC.3m + 2nD.2m +3n4、南水北调工程缓解了北方一些地区水资源短缺问题,其中一部分水蓄入某水库,已知该水库水位为海拔A.148、5 m时,相应水面的面积为B.140、0km2;水位为海拔C.157、5 m时,相应水面的面积为D.180、0km2、将该水库在这两个水位间的形状看作一个棱台,则该水库水位从海拔148.5m上升到157.5m时,增加的水量约为(V7=2、65)()A.1、0 x 100 m3B.1、2 x 100 m3C.1、4 x 109 m3D.1、6 x 109 m35,从2至8的7个整数中随机取2个不同的数,则这2个数互质的概率为()A.1/6B.1/3C.1/2D.2/36、记函数f(z)= sin(wr+)+b(w 0)的最小正周期为T、若〈Tx,且y=f(z)的图像关于点(、2)中心对称,则f()=A.1B.3/2C.2/5D.3二、选择题.本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分,每小题给出的选项中,有多项符合题目要求,全部选对的得5分,部分选对的得2分,有选错的得0分7、已知正方体ABCD-asic,Di,则()A.直线bcg与DA1所成的角为90°B.直线BC;与CA1所成的角为90°C.直线BC]与平面BB,DiD所成的角为45D.直线BC]与平面ABCD所成的角为45°8、已知函数f(r)=r3-r+1,则()A.f(r)有两个极值点B.f(r)有三个零点C.点(0,1)是曲线y=f(x)的对称中心D.直线y=2r是曲线y=f(z)的切线9、已知0为坐标原点,点A(1,1)在抛物线C:r=2py(p0)上,过点B(0,-1)的直线交C于P,Q两点,则()A.C的准线为y=-1B.直线AB与C相切C.OPI-JOQ |OAD.BPI-|BQI |BA210、已知函数f(z)及其导函数J"(z)的定义域均为R,记g(z)= f'(r)、若f(;-2r),9(2+r)均为偶函数,则()A.f(0)=09B.g(-1)=g(2)C.f(-1)= f(4)D.g(-1)= g(2)三、填空题.本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分11、(1-)(z+ y)*的展开式中ry的系数为()(用数字作答)、12、写出与圆r2+y2=1和(x-3)2+(y-4)2=16都相切的一条直线的方程13、已知椭圆C+=1(ab0),C的上顶点为A、两个焦点为Fi,Fz,离心率为过F.且垂直于AF2的直线与C交于D,E两点,DE=6,则AADE 的周长是四、解答题.本题共6小题,共70分,解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤14、(10分)记S,为数列(an的前n项和,已知a1=1,)是公差为.的等差数列(1)求(an)的通项公式;15、(12分)已知函数(r)=e'-ar 和g(r)= ax-jnr有相同的最小值(1)求a;(2)证明:存在直线y=6,其与两条曲线y=f(r)和y= g(r)共有三个不同的交点,并且从左到右的三个交点的横坐标成等差数列16、(12 分)cos A记AABC的内角A、B、C的对边分别为a、b、c,已知1+ sin A(1)若C=,求B;(2)求的最小值。
九江市第一中学初中英语八年级下册期末测试卷(培优练)
一、选择题1.— Why didn't you answer my phone at 8:00 last night ?— Sorry , .A.I go swimming B.I folded my clothes in my bedroomC.I was hanging out with friends D.I am taking a shower C解析:C【解析】句意:-昨天晚上8点你为什么没有接我的电话?-对不起,我当时正在和朋友们逛街。
I go swimming我去游泳;I folded my clothes in my bedroom.我在卧室里叠衣服;I was hanging out with friends我正在和朋友们闲逛;I am taking a shower.我正在洗澡。
根据对话的情景可知,这里应表示昨天晚上8点这个时间正在做的事情,应用过去进行时态,was/were+现在分词,故应选C。
2.Mr. Smith us a speech as soon as he comes back to China.A.gave B.gives C.is giving D.will give D解析:D【解析】【详解】句意:史密斯先生一回到中国就会给我们做一场演讲。
本题考查一般将来时。
as soon as 一…就…引导的时间状语从句,遵循“主将从现”的原则,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,故选D。
【点睛】“主将从现”的现象经常出现在含时间状语从句(when,before,after,as soon as)或条件状语从句(if,unless)的复合句中。
3.—Could you tell me ?—By bus.A.when you came here B.when did you come hereC.how you came here D.how did you come here C解析:C【解析】【详解】句意:---你能告诉我你是怎么来到这儿的吗?---乘公交车。
长沙市长沙市第一中学初中物理八年级下册期末测试卷(有答案解析)
一、选择题1.如图所示,斜面高h=1m,长s=5m,小车重50N,用沿斜面方向的拉力F,将小车从斜面底端匀速拉到顶端,不计斜面和小车之间的摩擦,下列说法错误的是()A.拉力F做的功大小等于50JB.斜面对小车支持力做的功大小等于50JC.斜面是一种省力的简单机械D.斜面一定不能省功2.如图所示,粗细均匀的铁棒AB静止在水平地面上,小明用力F将铁棒从水平地面拉至竖直立起.此过程中,力F作用在B端且始终与铁棒垂直,则力F将()A.逐渐变大B.逐渐变小C.保持不变D.先变小后变大3.工人利用滑轮组吊起重为2400N的路灯杆(质量分布均匀)。
如图所示,这是路灯杆一端刚被匀速拉起的示意图。
路灯杆离地后2s被匀速提升1m,绳端拉力F=1000 N。
下列说法正确的是()A.路灯杆一端刚被匀速拉起比路灯杆离地后匀速提升时滑动组的机械效率更大B.路灯杆离地后,绳端拉力F做的功为1000 JC.路灯杆离地后,绳端拉力F做功的功率为500WD.路灯杆离地后,滑轮组的机械效率为80%4.下列实例中,人或机械对物体做功的是()甲:小车在推力作用下前进一段距离乙:起重机把物体在空中平移一段距离丙:搬石头,搬而未起丁:物体在拉力作用下升高一段距离A .甲和乙B .甲和丁C .乙和丙D .丙和丁5.已知雨滴在空中竖直下落时所受空气阻力与速度大小的二次方成正比,且不同质量的雨滴所受空气阻力与速度大小的二次方的比值相同。
现有两滴质量分别为m 1和m 2的雨滴从空中竖直下落,在落到地面之前都已做匀速直线运动,那么在两滴雨滴落地之前做匀速直线运动的过程中,其重力的功率之比为( )A 31m 32m B 32m 31m C 1m 2m D 2m 1m6.下列有关力做功的说法错误的是( ) A .用水平力推着购物车前进,推车的力做了功 B .把水桶从地面上提起来,提水桶的力做了功C .把挂钩上静止的书包取下来,书包受到的手的拉力做了功D .用力拍击桌面,使静止在桌面上的乒乓球跳起来,桌面对乒乓球的支持力做了功 7.下列关于压强和浮力的说法中,正确的是( ) A .密度计浸在液体中深度越深所受的浮力越大 B .气球能升空是因为它里面充的是密度大于空气的气体 C .在流体中,流速越大的位置压强越大 D .活塞式抽水机抽水时利用了大气压强8.小明参观了中国科技馆“探索与发现”展厅A 区后,用矿泉水瓶和小玻璃瓶制作了“浮沉子”如图所示。
开封市第三十三中学2022-2023学年第一学期语文期末测试
开封市第三十三中学2022-2023学年第一学期语文期末测试八年级语文分值:120分时间:120 分钟一、积累与运用(共28分)1.下列词语中加点的字,每对读音都相同的一项是()(2分)A.载体/重载模范/模式泥土/拘泥反省/省亲........B.扁舟/偏旁惆怅/绸缪嘹亮/潦倒奴婢/裨益........C.勉强/强迫曲径/曲解处理/处境车轴/压轴........D.缅怀/腼腆任务/烹饪顷刻/倾诉维护/帷幕........2.下列词语中没有错别字的一项是()(2分)A.狼籍婆娑潜滋暗长触目伤怀B.琐屑濒临张木结舌旁逸斜出C.踌躇嶙峋惟妙惟肖自出心裁D.峻峭遒劲春寒料俏无动于衷3.下列文学常识错误的一项是()(2 分)A.《白杨礼赞》是一篇托物言志的散文。
作者茅盾,原名沈德鸿,字雁冰,代表作《子夜》、《林家铺子》等。
B.《我为什么而活着》作者是罗素,英国著名哲学家、数学家,20世纪著名的思想家和社会活动家,1950年被授予诺贝尔文学奖。
C.《愚公移山》选自《列子·汤问》,相传是战国时期郑国人列御寇所著,他是战国前期道家代表人物之一。
D.《周亚夫军细柳》选自《史记》,作者是司马迁,字子长,是我国古代杰出的史学家和文学家,《史记》是我国第一部编年体通史。
4.古诗文默写。
﹙8分﹚﹙1﹚报君黄金台上意,________________。
《雁门太守行》(2)_________________,而无车马喧。
《饮酒(其五)》(3)采菊东篱下,________________。
《饮酒(其五)》(4)九万里风鹏正举。
风休住,_______________。
《渔家傲(天接云涛连晓雾)》(5)《赤壁》中,作者杜牧对赤壁之战的历史结局进行评判的句子是:___________________,_________________________。
(6)《渔家傲(天接云涛连晓雾)》中词人在天帝面前倾诉自已晚年孤独无依的痛苦以及空有才华而遭逢不幸,奋力挣扎的苦闷不满的句子:___________,_________________________。
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D
A B
C
八年级下册数学期末测试题
一、选择题
1、下列各式中,分式的个数有( )
31-x 、12+a b 、πy x +2、21--m 、a +21、2
2
)
()(y x y x +-、x 12-、115- A 、2个 B 、3个 C 、4个 D 、5个 2、如果把
223y
x y
-中的x 和y 都扩大5倍,那么分式的值( )
A 、扩大5倍
B 、不变
C 、缩小5倍
D 、扩大4倍 3、已知正比例函数y =k 1x (k 1≠0)与反比例函数y =2
k x
(k 2≠0)的图象有一个交点的坐标为(-2,-1),则它的另一个交点的坐标是 A. (2,1)
B. (-2,-1)
C. (-2,1)
D. (2,-1)
4、一棵大树在一次强台风中于离地面5米处折断倒下,倒下部分与地面成30°夹角,这棵大树在折断前的高度为
A .10米
B .15米
C .25米
D .30米 5、一组对边平行,并且对角线互相垂直且相等的四边形是( )
A 、菱形或矩形
B 、正方形或等腰梯形
C 、矩形或等腰梯形
D 、菱形或直角梯形 6、把分式方程12121=----x
x x 的两边同时乘以(x -2), 约去分母,得( )
A .1-(1-x)=1
B .1+(1-x)=1
C .1-(1-x)=x -2
D .1+(1-x)=x -2 7、如图,正方形网格中的△ABC ,若小方格边长为1,则△ABC 是( ) A 、直角三角形 B 、锐角三角形 C 、钝角三角形 D 、 以上答案都不对
(第7题) (第8题) (第9题)
8、如图,等腰梯形ABCD 中,AB ∥DC ,AD=BC=8,AB=10,CD=6,则梯形ABCD 的面积是 ( )
A
B
C
A 、1516
B 、516
C 、1532
D 、1716
9、如图,一次函数与反比例函数的图像相交于A 、B 两点,则图中使反比例函数的值小于一次函数的值的x 的取值范围是( )
A 、x <-1
B 、x >2
C 、-1<x <0,或x >2
D 、x <-1,或0<x <2 10、在一次科技知识竞赛中,两组学生成绩统计如下表,通过计算可知两组的方差为
2S 172甲=,2S 256乙=。
下列说法:①两组的平均数相同;②甲组学生成绩比乙组学生成
绩稳定;③甲组成绩的众数>乙组成绩的众数;④两组成绩的中位数均为80,但成绩≥80的人数甲组比乙组多,从中位数来看,甲组成绩总体比乙组好;⑤成绩高于或等于90分的人数乙组比甲组多,高分段乙组成绩比甲组好。
其中正确的共有( ).
11、小明通常上学时走上坡路,途中平均速度为m 千米/时,放学回家时,沿原路返回,通
常的速度为n 千米/时,则小明上学和放学路上的平均速度为( )千米/时 A 、
2n m + B 、n m mn + C 、 n m mn +2 D 、mn
n
m + 12、李大伯承包了一个果园,种植了100棵樱桃树,今年已进入收获期。
收获时,从中任选
并采摘了
10棵树的樱桃,分别称得每棵树所产樱桃的质量如下表: 据调查,市场上今年樱桃的批发价格为每千克15元。
用所学的统计知识估计今年此果园樱桃的总产量与按批发价格销售樱桃所得的总收入分别约为( )
A. 2000千克,3000元
B. 1900千克,28500元
C. 2000千克,30000元
D. 1850千克,27750元 二、填空题
13、当x 时,分式15x -无意义;当m = 时,分式2(1)(3)
32
m m m m ---+的值为零 14、各分式222111
,,121
x x x x x x ---++的最简公分母是_________________ 15、已知双曲线x
k
y =
经过点(-1,3),如果A (11,b a ),B (22,b a )两点在该双曲线上,
A
B
C
D
E
G
且1a <2a <0,那么1b 2b .
16、梯形ABCD 中,BC AD //,1===AD CD AB ,︒=∠60B 直线MN 为梯形ABCD 的对称轴,P 为MN 上一点,那么PD PC +的最小值 。
(第16题) (第18题) (第19题) 17、已知任意直线l 把□ABCD 分成两部分,要使这两部分的面积相等,直线l 所在位置需
满足的条件是 _________
18、如图,把矩形ABCD 沿EF 折叠,使点C 落在点A 处,点D 落在点G 处,若∠CFE=60°,
且DE=1,则边BC 的长为 .
19、如图,在□ABCD 中,E 、F 分别是边AD 、BC 的中点,AC 分别交BE 、DF 于G 、H ,
试判断下列结论:①ΔABE ≌ΔCDF ;②AG=GH=HC ;③EG=;2
1
BG ④S ΔABE =2S ΔAGE ,其中正确的结论是__个
20、点A 是反比例函数图象上一点,它到原点的距离为10,到x 轴的距离为8,则此函数
表达式可能为_________________ 21、已知:2
4111
A B
x x x =+--+是一个恒等式,则A =______,B=________。
三、解答题
22、已知实数a 满足a 2
+2a -8=0,求22213211143
a a a a a a a +-+-⨯+-++的值.
A
E D
H C
B
F
G
23、解分式方程:2
2
416222-+=--+x x x x x -
24、作图题:如图,Rt ΔABC 中,∠ACB=90°,∠CAB=30°,用圆规和直尺作图,用两
种方法把它分成两个三角形,且要求其中一个三角形的等腰三角形。
(保留作图痕迹,不要求写作法和证明)
25、如图,已知四边形ABCD 是平行四边形,∠BCD 的平分线CF 交边AB 于F ,∠ADC 的平分线DG 交边AB 于G 。
(1)求证:AF=GB ;(2)请你在已知条件的基础上再添加一个条件,使得△EFG 为等腰直角三角形,并说明理由.
26、甲、乙两个工程队合做一项工程,需要16天完成,现在两队合做9天,甲队因有其他任务调走,乙队再做21天完成任务。
甲、乙两队独做各需几天才能完成任务?
27、E 是正方形ABCD 的对角线BD 上一点,EF ⊥BC ,EG ⊥CD ,垂足分别是F 、G.
求证:FG AE .
A
D
C
B
E
G
F。