人力资源管理第十三章

• Work accidents are caused by a combination of unsafe employee behaviour and unsafe working conditions
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Workplace Injuries
• Workplace accidents and occupationalrelated illnesses cost about $7 billion in compensation (more than $13.5 billion including indirect expenses) annually
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Stress Management
• Curative measures
– Try to correct the outcome of stress e.g. yoga, aerobic exercises, and meditation
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Workplace Stress
• Workplace stress
– Harmful physical and emotional responses
• Acute stressors
– Occur infrequently but are extremely stressful e.g. major organizational change
C H A P T E R
THIRTEEN
.
Ensuring Health and Safety in the Workplace
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Assumption of Risk
– Strong union pressure – Increased public interest in greater corporate responsibility
• Better and more comprehensive federal/provincial legislation and health and safety measures
Shared Responsibility
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Health & Safety in the Workplace
• Growing emphasis on health and safety in the workplace
Health Hazards
Physical agents Exposure to physical elements eg. noise
Biological agents Exposure to natural organisms eg. viruses
Chemical agents
Ergonomically related
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Health and Safety Committee
• Key element of health and safety laws
• Employee and employer representatives • Broad range of responsibilities
– e.g. investigate & resolve complaints, monitor health & safety programs, etc.
• Usually required in every workplace with 20 or more employees
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• Human Resource department needs to be proactive
– Help employees prevent burnout – Other preventive strategies e.g. job redesign
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Career development
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Burnout
• Burnout
– Condition of mental, emotional, and sometimes physical exhaustion that results from substantial and prolonged stress
Younger Workers
• Growing emphasis on the health and safety of young workers
• 1 in 7 young workers is injured on the job • One-fourth of all workplace injuries involve workers aged 15 - 29
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Federal Laws
• Hazardous Products Act (1985)
– Protects consumers by regulating the sale of dangerous products
• Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System WHMIS (1988)
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Federal and Provincial Regulations
• Each province and federal jurisdiction have detailed legislation addressing health and safety • 3 Fundamentalor HRM
• Consistent reinforcement & due diligence
– Ensure consistent enforcement of all safety and health rules and all reasonable steps were taken to avoid a particular health and safety event
Major Causes of Workplace Stress (cont’d)
Organizational climate
• Level of participation in decisionmaking, management style, communication patterns
• Under or over promotion, job security, career development opportunities, job satisfaction
– The right to know about workplace hazards – The right to participate in correcting hazards – The right to refuse dangerous work
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Safety in the Workplace Models
Careless Worker
Early approach to safety in the workplace which assumed accidents were due to workers’ carelessness
A newer approach to workplace safety that relies on the cooperation of the employer and employees
Exposure to chemicals or other toxic substances
Caused by the work environment eg. repetitive strain
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– Requires labels on all hazardous products – Requires use of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
• Safety Enforcement
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