初中英语常见常考易混词用法辨析

初中英语常见常考易混词用法辨析

七年级

1 besides ，except, except for,but

（1）besides包括后面所提及的人或物在内，“除、、、之外还（又）”。

Twenty-five students went to the cinema besides him。

（2）except不包括后面所提及的人或物在内,“抛开、、、不谈".

Twenty—five students went to the cinema except him。

（3）except for不包括后面所提及的人或物在内的“除了”，后面跟的词与句子的主语不属于同类.

Your article is very good except for some mistakes。

（4）but常与every,any,all，none,no以及它们与thing ,body，where构成的复合词等连用。有的已经成为了惯用语，如：all but“几乎，除、、、之外全部”，anything but “除、、、之外都”，nothing but“只不过是、、、"。

There is nothing but a cup on the table.

练习：

1）All the questions are easy _________the last one.

2）Do you think of nothing_____________watching football?

3）His composition is good __________for some mistakes。

4）He has many relatives_____________his uncle living in Shanghai.

5）Do you know any other language__________English？

2 reach , arrive in/at ，get to

（1）reach +地点，“到达"。

（2）arrive in+大地方，arrive at+小地方，“抵达、达到某地(尤指行程的终点)"。(3）get to+地点，“到达"。

（4）当arrive in/at和get to后面跟的是地点副词here,there，home等，则省略介词in/at/to。

（5）当只表明“到了”，而未表明地点时用arrive。

练习：

1）My sister________school at 7a.m every day.

2）Uncle Li __________New York the day before yesterday。

3）You can___________the railway station by bus。

4）My father_________at 8：00 this morning by airplane.

5）How did you______________home yesterday afternoon？

6）Do you how to___________there ？

7）I will tel you how to ____________here，so d not worry。

3 at the end of , in the end , by the end of

（1）at the end of 指某段时间的结束或某段路程的终止处，“在、、、结束时”，“在、、、尽头”。

Our school held a sports meeting at the end of last term。

At the end of this street you will find a bookshop.

（2）in the end 相当于at last ，finally,“最后，终于".

In the end they caught the thief。

（3）by the end of 用于过去完成时或将来时,“到、、、末为止”。

By the end of last term we have learned five English songs.

This question will have been answered by the end of today.

练习:

1）We will have an English exam _________________January.

2）I am sure everything will turn out satisfactory_______________.

3）________________the meeting，everyone stood up to give the applause.

4）______________last month, I had planted thousands f trees。

4 it , one, that

（1）it 代替上文所提到的那个事物，一般指物，不指人.可以代替单数可数名词或不可数名词。复数形式是they或them。

I have 50 yuan. My uncle gave it to me last week.

（2）one 代替上文出现过的单数名词，以免重复。泛指代人或物.所指代的人或物属于同类事物中不同的一个，即替代的是一个带有不定冠词的可数名词的单数形式。复数形式是ones.

I have lost my old watch。This is a new one。

（3）that 代替前面同类不同一的事物。可以代替单数可数名词或不可数名词.

代替可数名词时，复数形式是those。that不可以替代表示人的名词，它可以根据语义在后面加上一些定语，多数是of的短语；他的前面不能存在任何定语。

The water in wells is cleaner than that in the rivers。

练习:

1）Do you need an English—Chinese dictionary ? I have__________。

2）The language used in advertisements differs from __________ used in ordinary readings.

3）The color of the jacket is better than__________of mine。

4）I saw only one motorcar in the shop。Would you go and buy__________?

5）Maybe it is true that we do not know what we have got until we lose _________.

5 look for, look up , find , find out

（1）look for“寻找”,强调找的过程.

（2）Look up “查找",强调查字典、电话号码.

（3）Find“找到，发现”，强调找的结果。

（4）Find out“查明，发现,了解”，指的是经过认真观察、调查或研究把某事或某物查出来、搞清楚，多用于复杂而不容易直接查出的情况。

练习:

1）I’m__________my watch，but I can’t________it。

2）If you do not know the words , you can__________them _________in the dictionary.

3）I__________it difficult to learn English well。

4）The teacher wanted to __________who had broken the door.

6 as well，as well as