2010年专业英语试卷A

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石油工程专业英语-A

中国石油大学（北京）2009–2010学年第二学期研究生期末考试试题A(开卷考试)课程名称: 专业英语学号：姓名:一、单词（20分，每小题0.5分）题目要求：请根据下面给出的中文或英文写出相对应的英文或中文单词。

例如，题目中给出“petroleum ”，请对应写出中文“石油”；题目中若给出“天然气”，请写出对应英文“natural gas ”。

1. hydrocarbon 2. casing3. sedimentary rock4. limestone5. carbonate6. drilling mud7.unconformity 8. exploration 9. wildcat well 10. seismic 11. shale 12. drill cuttings 13. outcrop 14. spudding in 15. normal fault 16. crown block 17. cementing18. christmas tree19. blowout preventer (BOP) 20. openhole completion 21. paraffin 22. overbalance 23. choke manifold 24. wettability25. Original Oil In Place (OOIP) 26. kelly 27. shut-down 28. thrust fault 29. fossil fuel 30. artificial lift 31. 孔隙度 32. 渗透率 33. 钻头 34. 圈闭35.胶结36.油藏工程37.断层38.上游39.甲烷40.背斜二、单项选择（20分，每小题2分）题目要求：请从A、B、C、D四个备选答案中选出你认为正确的答案，写在答题纸上。

1．Petroleum industry can be mainly divided into upstream sector, midstream sector and downstream sector. Exploration business belongs to .A. upstream sectorB. midstream sectorC. downstream sectorD. none of above answers 2．In a seismic survey, the geophysicists need to lay out a line or several lines of sensitive receivers to receive the reflected energy waves from the underground rock layers. Such sensitive receivers are usually called .A. tracerB. geophoneC. gaugeD. bit3．Please find out one recovery mechanism that does not belong to primary recovery.A. gas-cap driveB. dissolved-gas driveC. waterfloodingD. gravity drive4．The major constituent of natural gas is .A. pentaneB. ethaneC. propaneD. methane5．Most reservoir rocks are .A. oil-wetB. water-wetC. gas-wetD. none of above answers 6．The rotary drilling rig consists of four major systems including the engines, the hoisting, rotating, and mud systems. Drilling bit belongs to .A. the engine systemB. the hoisting systemC. the rotating systemD. the mud system 7．is designed to close off the well in dangerous events. Usually they are attached to the well below the derrick floor.A. Blowout preventersB. kellyC. crown blockD. drill collar8．From top to bottom of the well, the correct order of downhole string should be .A. conductor casing, production casing, intermediate casing, surface casingB. surface casing, conductor casing, intermediate casing, production casingC. surface casing, conductor casing, production casing, intermediate casingD. conductor casing, surface casing, intermediate casing, production casing9．After the first productive exploration well is successfully drilled, additional wells are drilled near to that well and used for obtaining further reservoir and fluid information. Such additional drilled wells are usually called .A. wildcat wellB. appraisal wellC. discovery wellD. exploration well 10．P lease find out the correct Chinese translation of the field unit “STB/D”.A. 标准状况桶/天B. 标准状况桶/月C. 油藏状况桶/天D. 油藏状况桶/月三、英译汉翻译（30分）题目要求：请将下面几段英文翻译成中文，注意关键词语和句子结构翻译的准确性。

2010年专业英语四级考试模拟试题及参考答案(3)

2010 年专业英语四级考试模拟试题及参考答案(3)1. In selecting a material， the engineer’s interest is in its properties which determine how it will perform under the loads and condition____it is subject.A. whereB. whichC. in whichD. to which2. To meet the ever increasing demand____oil-refining equi pment，the company will produce more of such equipment.A. ofB. onC. withD. for3. “The president made a brilliant decision， didn’t he？”“Yes， he did. I don’t know what I would have done if I____to make that decision. ”A. wereB. had hadC. have hadD. had4. Animal mothers are devoted to their young and____ them with love and discipline.A. mindB. watchC. helpD. tend5. The physicists propose that our attention____the use of special methods of thinking and acting.A. would be directed towardsB. should be directed towardsC. is directed towardsD.directs towards6. According to the acoustics， continual exposure____ noise of high intensity would lead to loss of hearing.A. ofB. withC. toD. by7. We are convinced____ the righteousness of our cause.A. ofB. onC. overD. at8. Urban congestion would greatly be relieved if the____charged on public transport were more reasonable.A. pricesB. ticketsC. feesD. fares9. You’d better let me know as soon as there is a (n) ____positionin the branch office.A. emptyB. vacuumC. hollowD. vacant10. They will never reconcile themselves to____.A. defeatB. their defeatC. be defeatedD. have their defeat11. The matter is not to be ____.A. watched forB. waited onC. taken overD. trifled with12. The mother almost____when she learned that her son was shot dead.A. fell downB. came downC. fell apartD. went to pieces13. While doing calculation for the project， the designers____a new solution to a geological problem.A. fell intoB. stumbled uponC. set outD. discovered14. I meant____ you about it， but I forgot to do so.A. tellingB. having toldC. to tellD. to have told15. Everything____into consideration， I propose that the first prize should be given to Liu Qiang.A. to takeB. takingC. takenD. took16. They____the park of late.A. will visitB. have visitedC. are visitingD. visited17. The girl was so ____by the mighty river that she would spend hours sitting on its bank and gazing at the boats and rafts going and coming.A. absorbedB. fascinatedC. movedD. touched18. After traveling in the desert for many days， they found a tiny oasis，where there was a well and ____green grass.A. a patch ofB. a bunch ofC. a pinch ofD. a packet of19. After a careful investigation， the committee decided to____the old hall.A. changeB. buildC. innovateD. renovate20. The fierce heat of this summer withered most of the crops____ his farm.A. inB. onC. ofD. from21. Since the father died a year ago， there has been ____in the family about the division of the estate.A. distinctionsB. discordC. disadvantagesD. disappointment22. Having been discussed， the proposal was____unanimously.A. adaptedB. adoptedC. admittedD. adjoined23. I’d just as soon you____ those important papers with you.A. don’t takeB. didn’t takeC. hadn’t takenD. were not taking24. The theme of the novel is that a person’s fate____that of the whole country.A. is closely linked up withB. is closely dealt withC. is closely taken asD. is closely tired up with25. The American professor came to realize that he had underestimated the____of most of the Chinese students.A. magnitudeB. gradientC. potentialD. firmness答案解析1. 答案 D【参考译文】在选择材料时，工程师感兴趣的是决定该材料在负荷及遭受某种状况时所表现的特性。

2010年职称英语综合类A级测验真题及答案

2010年职称英语综合类A级考试真题及答案第1部分：词汇选择(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有一个词或短语有下划线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。

2010年6月大学英语三级(A级)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2010年6月大学英语三级（A级）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Listening Comprehension 2. V ocabulary and Structure 3. Reading Comprehension 4. Translation from English to Chinese 5. WritingPart I Listening Comprehension (15 minutes)Directions：This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 3 sections.Section ADirections: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. The dialogues and the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices A , B, C, and D.听力原文：M: I’d like to have a single room with bath today.W: I’m sorry, but all the rooms are booked.Q: What does the woman mean?1．A．The man can have a room with a shower.B．The man can’t have a room at present.C．The man should come tomorrow.D．The man booked a double room.正确答案：B解析：推理判断题。

2010年英语专业四级真题试卷及其参考答案

SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully andthen answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1. The following details have been checked during the conversation EXCEPTA. number of travelers.B. number of tour days.C. flight details.D. room services.2. What is included in the price?A. Air tickets and local transport.B. Local transport and meals.C. Air tickets, local transport and breakfast.D. Air tickets, local transport and all meals.3. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. The traveler is reluctant to buy travel insurance.B. The traveler is ready to buy travel insurance.C. The traveler doesn't have to buy travel insurance.D. Travel insurance is not mentioned in the conversation.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of'the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.4. Which of the following details is CORRECT?A. Mark knows the exact number of airport buses.B. Mark knows the exact number of delegates' spouse.C. Mark doesn't know the exact number of delegates yet.D. Mark doesn't know the number of guest speakers.5. What does Linda want to know?A. The arrival time of guest speakers.B. The departure time of guest speakers.C. The type of transport for guest speakers.D. The number of guest speakers.6. How many performances have been planned tbr the conference?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Not mentioned.7. Who will pay for the piano performance?A. Pan-Pacific Tours.B. Johnson & Sons Events.C. Conference delegates.D. An airline company.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of'the conversation,you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.8. What is NOT missing in Mary's briefcase?A. Her cheque book.B. Her papers for work.C. Her laptop.D. Her appointment book.9. Where was Mary the whole morning?A. At the police station.B. At a meeting.C. In her client's office.D. In the restaurant.10. Why was Mary sure that the briefcase was hers in the end?A. The papers inside had the company's name.B. The briefcase was found in the restaurant.C. The restaurant manager telephoned James.D. The cheque book inside bore her name.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, yott will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. We learn from the passage that about two-thirds of the courses are taught throughA. the School of Design and Visual Arts.B. the School of Social Work.C. the School of Business.D. the Arts and Sciences program.is the cost of undergraduate tuition?A. Twenty thousand dollars.B. Thirty thousand dollars.C. Twenty-seven thousand dollars.D. Thirty-eight thousand dollars.students can receive all the following types of financial assistance EXCEPTA. federal loans.B. private loans.C. scholarships.D. monthly payment plans.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will begiven 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, mothers in ____ spend more time looking after children.A. FranceB. AmericaC. DenmarkD. Australia15. Which of the following activities would Australian fathers traditionally participate in?A. Feeding and playing with children.B. Feeding and bathing children.C. Taking children to the park and to school.D. Taking children to watch sports events.16. According to the , the "new man" likes toA. spend more time at work.B. spend more time with children.C. spend time drinking after work.D. spend time on his computer.is suggested in the passage that the "new man" might be less acceptable inA. France.B. Britain.C. Australia.D. Denmark.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.services of the new partnership are provided mainly toA. mothers of infected babies.B. infected children and women.C. infected children in cities.D. infected women in cities.of the following details about Family Health International is INCORRECT?A. It is a nonprofit organization.B. It provides public health services.C. It carries out research on public health.D. It has worked in five countries till now.example of Cambodia mainly showsA. the importance of government support.B. the importance of public education efforts.C. the progress the country has made so far.D. the methods used to fight AIDS.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer thequestions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. According to the news, the victim wasA. a 17-year-old girl.B. a 15-year-old boy.C. a 23-year-old woman.D. an l 8-year-old man.learn from the news that the suspects were arrestedA. one month later.B. two months later.C. immediately.D. two weeks later.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will begiven 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.Iraqi parliament can vote on the security agreement only afterA. all parties have agreed on it.B. the US troops have pulled out.C. the cabinet has reviewed it.D. the lawmakers have returned from Mecca.to the news, the US troops are expected to completely pull out byA. mid-2009.B. the end of 2009.C. mid-2011.D. the end of 2011.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will begiven 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.following are involved in the operations to rescue the children in Honduras EXCEPTA. the police.B. the district attorney.C. the prison authorities.D. Institute of Childhood and Family.26. What punishment would parents face if they allowed their children to beg?A. To be imprisoned and fined.B. To have their children taken away.C. To be handed over to the authorities.D. None.Question 27 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item. you will be given 5seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.is the news item about?A. Coastlines in Italy.B. Public use of the beach.C. Swimming and bathing.D. Private bathing clubs.Question 28 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.of the following is NOT mentioned in the news?A. The airport was shut down for Friday.B. There was a road accident involving two buses.C. Local shops were closed earlier than usual.D. Bus service was stopped for Friday.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will begiven 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.many people were rescued from the apartment building?A. 17.B. 24.C. 21.D. 41.of the following details in the news is CORRECT?A. The rescue operation involved many people.B. The cause of the explosions has been determined.C. Rescue efforts were stopped on Thursday.D. The explosions didn't destroy the building.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage it" inserted in thecorresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.How men first learned to invent words is unknown; (31)____, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain (32)____ to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, (33)____ they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed (34)____ certain signs, called letters, which could be (35)____ to represent those sounds, and which could be (36)_____. Those sounds, whether spoken, (37)_____ written in letters, we call words.The power of words, then, lies in their (38)____ the things they bring up before our minds. Words become (39)____ with meaning for us by experience; (40)._____ the longer we live, the more certain words (41)_____ to us the happy and sad events of our past: and the more we (42)____, the more the number of words that mean something to us (43)____Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal (44)____ to our minds and emotions. This (45)._____ and telling use of words is what we call (46)____ style. Above all, the real poet is a master of (47)____. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which (48)_____ their position and association can (49)____ men to tears. Weshould, therefore, learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will (50)____ our speech or writing silly and vulgar.(31) A. in addition B. in other words C. in a word D. in summary(32) A. sounds B. gestures C. signs D. movements(33) A. such that B. as that C. so that D. in that(34) A. in B. with C. of D. upon(35) A. spelt B. combined C. written D copied(36) A. written down B. handed down C. remembered D. observed(37) A. and B. yet C. also D. or(38) A. functions B. associations C. roles D. links(39) A. filled B. full C. live D. active(40) A. but B. or C. yet D. and(41 ) A. reappear B. recall C. remember D. recollect(42) A. read and think B. read and recall C. read and learn D. read and recite(43) A. raises B. increases C. improves D. emerges(44) A. intensively B. extensively C. broadly D. powerfully(45) A. charming B. academic C. conventional D. common(46) A. written B. spoken C. literary D. dramatic(47) A. signs B. words C. style D. sound(48) A. in B. on C. over D. by(49) A. move B. engage C. make D. force(50) A. transform B. change C. make D. convertPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.51. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?A. Why don't you do it for the sake of your friends?B. I wish I could write as well as you.C. For all his efforts, he didn't get an A.D. Her eyes were red from excessive reading.52. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She ____ by bus.A. must have goneB. should have goneC. ought to have goneD. could have gone53. He feels that he is not yet ____ to travel abroad.A. too strongB. enough strongC. so strongD. strong enough54. After____ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager's office.A. thatB. itC. whatD. there55. Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that56. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. They each have two tickets.B. They cost twenty yuan each.C. Each they have bought the same book.D. They were given two magazines each.57. She seldom goes to the theatre, _____?A. doesn't sheB. does sheC. would sheD. wouldn't she58. Dr Johnson is head of the department, ____ an expert in translation.A. orB. eitherC. butD. and59. When one has good health, _____ should feel fortunate.A. youB. theyC. heD. we60. It is necessary that he ____ the assignment without delay.A. hand inB. hands inC. must hand inD. has to hand in61. In the sentence "It's no use waiting for her", the italicized phrase is)____.A. the objectB. an adverbialC. a complementD. the subject62. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures are very interesting.B. Half their savings were gone.C. Many his friends came to the party.D. Both his sisters are nurses.63. Which of the following sentences has an object complement?A. The directors appointed John manager.B. I gave Mary a Christmas present.C. You have done Peter a favour.D. She is teaching children English.64. Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete "We've seen the film ____"?A. beforeB. recentlyC. latelyD. yet65. _____ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.A. To be not tallB. Not being tallC. Being not tallD. Not to be tall66. Due to personality _____, the two colleagues never got on well in work.A. contradictionB. conflictC. confrontationD. competition67. During the summer vacation, kids are often seen hanging _____ in the streets.A. aboutB. onC. overD. out68. There were 150 ____ at the international conference this summer.A. spectatorsB. viewersC. participantsD. onlookers69. School started on a ____ cold day in February.A. severeB. bitterC. suchD. frozen70. In the face of unexpected difficulties, he demonstrated a talent for quick, ____ action.A. determiningB. defensiveC. demandingD. decisive71. The team has been working overtime on the research project ____.A. latelynowC. lateD. long ago72. Because of the economic crisis, industrial output in the region remainedA. motionlessB. inactiveC. stagnantD. immobile73. The police had difficulty in ____ the fans fi'om rushing on to the stage to take photos with the singer.A. limitingB. restrainingC. confiningD. restricting74. Joan is in the dorm, putting the final ____ to her speech.A. detailsB. remarksC. commentsD. touches75. His_____ in gambling has eventually brought about his ruin.A. indulgenceB. habitC. actionD. engagement76. The teacher told the students to stay in the classroom and they did _____.A. absolutelyB. accidentallyC. accordinglyD. accurately77. You can actually see the deer at close range while driving through that area. The italicized phrase means _____.A. clearlyB. very nearC. quicklyD. very hard78. He listened hard but still couldn't what they were talking about.A. make overB. make upC. make uponD. make out79. For the advertised position, the company offers a(n)salary and benefits package.A. generousB. plentifulC. abundantD. sufficient80. As there was no road, the travelers ____ up a rocky slope on their way back.A. ranB. hurriedC. scrambledD. crawledPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.TEXT AWhat is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science? We all know that science plays an important role in the societies in which we live. Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first of these is the application of the machines, products and systems of applied knowledge that scientists and technologists develop. Through technology, science improves the structure of society and helps man to gain increasing control over his environment.The second aspect is the application by all members of society of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is full of curiosity - he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually directs his attention towards problems which he notices have no satisfactory explanation, and his curiosity makes him look for underlying relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves.He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and applies logical thought to the observations he makes. He utilizes the facts he observes to the fullest extent. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum.He is skeptical - he does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available - and therefore rejects authority as the sole basis for truth. Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively to verify them.Furthermore, he is not only critical of the work of others, but also of his own, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation.Lastly, he is highly imaginative since he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete. Furthermore, he needs imagination if he wants to make hypotheses of how processes work and how events take place.These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.81. Many people believe that science helps society to progress throughA. applied knowledge.B. more than one aspect.C. technology only.D. the use of machines.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about curiosity?A. It gives the scientist confidence and pleasure in work.B. It gives rise to interest in problems that are unexplained.C. It leads to efforts to investigate potential connections.D. It encourages the scientist to look for new ways of acting.83. According to the passage, a successful scientist would notA. easily believe in unchecked statements.B. easily criticize others' research work.C. always use his imagination in work.D. always use evidence from observation.84. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Application of technology.B. Progress in modem society.C. Scientists' ways of thinking and acting.D. How to become a successful scientist.85. What is the author's attitude towards the topic?A. Critical.B. Objective.C. Biased.D. Unclear.TEXT BOver the past several decades, the U.S., Canada, and Europe have received a great deal of media and even research attention over unusual phenomena and unsolved mysteries. These include UFOs as well as sightings and encounters with "nonhuman creatures" such as Bigfoot and the Loch Ness monster. Only recently has Latin America begun to receive some attention as well. Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of unusual, paranormal phenomena in countries such as Peru.The Nazca "lines" of Peru were discovered in the 1930s. These lines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard. Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet - meaning from an aircraft. Yet there were no aircraft in 300 ., when it is judged the designs were made. Nor were there then, or are there now, any nearby mountain ranges from which to view them. So how and why did the native people of Nazca create these marvelous designs? One answer appeared in 1969, when the German researcher and writer Erich von Daniken proposed that the lines were drawn by extraterrestrials as runways for their aircraft. The scientific community did not take long to scoffat and abandon von Daniken's theory. Over the years several other theories have been put forth, but none has been accepted by the scientific community.Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Internet. Currently there are over 60 sites dedicated to this mystery from Latin America's past, and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail and chat rooms.Will the Internet help explain these unsolved mysteries? Perhaps it is a step in the right direction.86. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Latin America has long received attention for unusual phenomena.B. Public attention is now directed towards countries like Peru.C. Public interest usually focuses on North America and Europe.D. Some ancient civilizations have unsolved mysteries.87. According to the passage, the Nazca lines were foundA. in mountains.B. in stones.C. on animals.D. on a plain.88. We can infer from the passage that the higher the lines are seen, the ____ the images they present.A. smallerB. largerC. clearerD. brighter89. There has been increasing interest in the Nazca lines mainly because ofA. the participation of scientists.B. the emergence of the lnternet.C. the birth of new theories.D. the interest in the Internet.90. The author is ____ about the role of the lnternet in solving mysteries.A. cautiousB. pessimisticC. uncertainD. optimisticTEXT CGraduation speeches are a bit like wedding toasts. A few are memorable. The rest tend to trigger such thoughts as, "Why did I wear such uncomfortable shoes?"But graduation speeches are less about the message than the messenger. Every year a few colleges and universities in the US attract attention because they've managed to book high-profile speakers. And, every year, the media report some of these speakers' wise remarks.Last month, the following words of wisdom were spread:"You really haven't completed the circle of success unless you can help somebody else move forward." (Oprah Winfrey, Duke University)."There is no way to stop change; change will come. Go out and give us a future worthy of the world we all wish to create together." (Hillary Clinton, New York University)."'This really is your moment. History is yours to bend." (Joe Biden, Wake Forest University).Of course, the real "get" of the graduation season was first lady Michelle Obama's appearance at the University of California, Merced. "Remember that you are blessed," she told the class of 2009, "Remember that in exchange for those blessings, you must give something back... As advocate and activist Marian Wright Edelman says, 'Serviceis the rent we pay for living ... it is the true measure, the only measure of success'."Calls to service have a long, rich tradition in these speeches. However, it is possible for a graduation speech to go beyond cliche and say something truly compelling. The late writer David Foster Wallace's 2005 graduation speech at Kenyon College in Ohio talked about how to truly care about other people. It gained something of a cult after it was widely circulated on the Internet. Apple Computer CEO Steve Jobs' address at Stanford University that year, in which he talked about death, is also considered one of the best in recent memory.But when you're sitting in the hot sun, fidgety and freaked out, do you really want to be lectured aboutthe big stuff?. Isn't that like trying to maintain a smile at your wedding reception while some relative gives a toast that amounts to "marriage is hard work"? You know he's right; you just don't want to think about it at that particular moment. In fact, as is the case in many major life moments, you can't really manage to think beyond the blisters your new shoes are causing.That may seem anticlimactic. But it also gets to the heart of one of life's greatest, saddest truths: that our most "memorable" occasions may elicit the fewest memories. It's probably not something most graduation speakers would say, but it's one of the first lessons of growing up.91. According to the passage, most graduation speeches tend to recall ____ memories.A. greatB. trivialC. unforgettableD. unimaginative92. "But graduation speeches are less about the message than the messenger" is explainedA. in the final paragraph.B. in the last but one paragraph.C. in the first paragraph.D. in the same paragraph.93. The graduation speeches mentioned in the passage are related to the following themes EXCEPTA. death.B. success.C. service.D. generosity.94. It is implied in the passage that at great moments people fail toA. remain clear-headed.B. keep good manners.C. remember others' words.D. recollect specific details.95. What is "one of the first lessons of growing up"?A. Attending a graduation ceremony.B. Listening to graduation speeches.C. Forgetting details of memorable events.D. Meeting high-profile graduation speakers.TEXT DCultural rules determine every aspect of food consumption. Who eats together defines social units. For example, in some societies, the nuclear family is the unit that regularly eats together. The anthropologist Mary Douglas has pointed out that, for the English, the kind of meal and the kind of food that is served relate to the kinds of social links between people who are eating together. She distinguishes between regular meals, Sunday meals when relatives may come, and cocktail parties foracquaintances. The food served symbolizes the occasion and reflects who is present. For example, only snacks are served at a cocktail party. It would be inappropriate to serve a steak or hamburgers. The distinctions among cocktails, regular meals, and special dinners mark the social boundaries between those guests who are invited for drinks, those who are invited to dinner, and those who come to a family meal. In this example, the type of food symbolizes the category of guest and with whom it is eaten.In some New Guinea societies, the nuclear family is not the unit that eats together. The men take their meals in a men's house, separately from their wives and children. Women prepare and eat their food in their own houses and take the husband's portion to the men's house. The women eat with their children in their own houses. This pattern is also widespread among Near Eastern societies.Eating is a metaphor that is sometimes used to signify marriage. In many New Guinea societies, like that of the Lesu on the island of New Ireland in the Pacific and that of the Trobriand Islanders, marriage is symbolized by the couple's eating together for the first time. Eating symbolizes their new status as a married couple. In U.S. society, it is just the reverse. A couple may go out to dinner on a first date.Other cultural rules have to do with taboos against eating certain things. In some societies, members of a clan, a type of kin (family) group, are not allowed to eat the animal or bird that is their totemic ancestor. Since they believe themselves to be descended from that ancestor, it would be like eating that ancestor or eating themselves.There is also an association between food prohibitions and rank, which is found in its most extreme form in the caste system of India. A caste system consists of ranked groups, each with a different economic specialization. In India, there is an association between caste and the idea of pollution. Members of highly ranked groups can be polluted by coming into contact with the bodily secretions, particularly saliva, of individuals of lower-ranked castes. Because of the fear of pollution, Brahmans and other high-ranked individuals will not share food with, no96. According to the passage, the English make clear distinctions betweenA. people who eat together.B. the kinds of food served.。

2010年度全国职称英语考试试题综合类A卷(附答案)

2010年度全国职称英语等级考试试题、答案综合类试卷及答案综合类(A级)试题第1部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. Her father was a quiet man with (graceful) manners.A. badB. politeC. similarD. usual2. Patricia stared at the other girls with (resentment).A. loveB. surpriseC. doubtD. anger3. Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of (vigorous) exercise every day.A. energeticB. physicalC. regularD. free4. Our arrangements were thrown into complete (turmoil).A. failureB. confusionC. doubtD. relief5. Sleep stairs can present a particular (hazard) to older people.A. evidenceB. dangerC. caseD. picture6. I enjoyed the play – it had a clever plot and very (funny) dialogues.A. longB. originalC. humorousD. boring7. He (demolished) my argument in minutes.A. disprovedB. disputedC. acceptedD. supported8. The two banks have announced plans to (merge) next year.A. combineB. sellC. closeD. break9. Regular visits from a social worker can be of (immense) value to old people living alone.A. immediateB. greatC. equalD. moderate10. I want to provide my boys with a (decent) education.A. privateB. generalC. goodD. special11. Lower taxes would (spur) investment and help economic growth.A. attractB. encourageC. requireD. spend12. He was kept in (appalling) conditions in prison.A. criticalB. terribleC. necessaryD. normal13. I can’t (put up with) my neighbor’s noise any longer, it’s driving me mad.A. measureB. generateC. tolerateD. reduce14. The project required ten years of (diligent) research.A. hardworkingB. scientificC. basicD. social15. He was rather (vague) about the reasons why he never finished school.A. unclearB. brightC. badD. general第2部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

最强整理 2010年10月英语试卷及参考答案

最强整理2010年10月英语（二）试卷及参考答案2010年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷（课程代码00015）本试卷共9页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。

I. V ocabulary and Structure (10 points,1 point each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

1. People working outdoors should especially _A_ their skin from the sun.A．protect B．protest C．prefer D. perfect2. Having this disease does not _A_ mean that you will die young.A. necessarilyB. regularlyC. occasionallyD. automatically3. The author of the book benefited a lot _C__ his readers' criticism.A. toB. ofC. fromD. for4. We were delayed at the airport. _B we would have been here earlier.A. SubsequentlyB. OtherwiseC. HoweverD. Consequently5. This article is said to be A to that one in style.A. superiorB. liableC. availableD. accessible6. Statistics show that the normal life C in China is now 72.A. predict/onB. prospectC. spanD. forecast7. Lots of small businesses in that country simply cannot D to buy health insurance for their workers.A. deliver B．offer C．provide D. afford---------------------------------------------------------------------英语（二）试卷第1页（共9页）8. His speech at the ceremony will no doubt B his reputation.A. account forB. add toC. amount toD. allow for9. It is easier for young people to D to new environments than the elderly.A. activateB. adoptC. allocateD. adapt10. A vocabulary index is included for easy DA. inferenceB. differenceC. conferenceD. referenceⅡ. Cloze Test (10 points,1 point each)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。

2010年同等学力英语真题A卷

2010年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试英语试卷一 AENGLISHI QUALIFICATION TESTFOR MASTER-DEGREE APPLICANTSPaper One (90 minutes)Part I Dinaogue Communication (10 minutes,10 points)Part II Vocabulart (20 minutes,10 points)PartIII Reading Comprehension (45minutes,30 points)PartIV Cloze (15 minutes,15 points)考生须知1. 本考试分试卷一和试卷二两部分。

试卷一满分65分，考试时间为90分钟，9:00开始，10:30结束；试卷二满分35分，考试时间为60分钟，10:30开始，11:30结束。

本考试及格标准为总分60分，其中试卷二不低于18分。

2. 请考生务必将本人考号最后两位数字填写在本页右上角方框内。

3. 本试卷一为A 型试卷，请将答案用2B铅笔填涂在A 型答题卡上，答在其他类型答题卡或试卷上无效。

答题前，请核对答题卡是否为A型卡，若不是，请要求监考员予以更改。

4. 在答题卡上正确的填涂方法为：在答案所代表的字母上划线，如【A】【B】【C】【D】．5. 监考员宣布试卷一考试结束后，请停止答试卷一，将试卷一和试卷一答题卡反扣在自己的桌面上，继续做试卷二。

监考员将到座位收取试卷一和试卷一答题卡。

6. 监考员收卷过程中，考生须配合监考员验收，并请监考员在准考证上签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。

否则，若发生答卷遗失，责任由考生自负。

Paper One 试卷一（90 minutes)Part I Dialogue Communication (10minutes,10points,1 for each)Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections:In this section,you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two Speakers,each followed by 4 choices marked A ,B,C,and D,Choose the answer thatBest suits the situation to complete the dialogue.Then maik the corresponding letterWith a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1.A:Can you take over for me here for a little whele? I have a friend coming to See me.B:I'd like to,but______Ask Peter, he's not so occupied at this monent.A.how can I do it?B.that's alright.C.I have my hands full.D.that's impossible2. A:To get an outside line, just dial o and the phone number. Or we can place aCall for you, if you want.B:No,thanks a lot.________A. Just put me through.B.I'll try it myself.C. I'd rather not.D.I'll appreciate your help.3.A:Now,it's just work,work,work.I work hard all day, every day.B:Oh,come on._________You're making a good salary now.A.Don't complain.B.Sorry to hear about itC.Anything I can do for you?D.What's your plan?4.A:Pamela,can you come to a meeting on Friday?B:_______ Let me check my schedule. When are you having it?A. No big deal.B.I'm not sure.C.Can I?D.Sure thing!5.A:I'm really geting fed up with the salespersons who keep calling.B:_________A.I hope it's nothing serious.B.They are so stupid!C.So am I. It's so annoying.D.You are right. Forget it.Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections:In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and aWoman. At the end of each conversation there to the question from the 4 choices marked A, B,C,andD.Choose the best answer to the question from the 4 choices by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.6.Man:I've figured it out.IT looks like it'll take us about 5hours to drive from here to Chicago. Woman:It'd be more relaxing to take the train. But I guess we should watch our expenses. Question:What does the woman imply?A.She likes to drive when she travels.B.She doesn't want to go to Chicago.C.She doesn't know the cost of the train trip.D.It's cheaper to go to Chicago by car.7.Man:How about the examination last week?Woman:If I'd got more time,I could have made it.Question:What does the moman imply?A.She was asked to take another examinationB.She failed the examination last week.C.She did quite well in the examination.D.She didn't take the examination last week.8.Man:Harvard or the State University,have you decided yet?Woman:Well,I'd rather be a big fish in a small pond.Question:Which university is the woman likely to choose?A.The State University.B.HarvardC.NeitherD.She hasn't decided yet9. Man: I‘ve just found a great location to open a new shop.Women : But you haven‘t researched the market . Don‘t you think this is putting the cart befo re the horse?Question : What does the woman mean?A.The man shouldn‘t make the decision so quickly.B.It‘s too risky to choose such a location .C.The man is doing thins in the wrong order.D.It‘s possible for him to make a better choice.10. Women :My results are a bit flattering because I‘ve had quite a lot of luck.Man: Nonsense, you‘re head and shoulders above the others in your groupQuestion : What does the man think is the reason for the woman‘s success?A.She‘s really lucky.B.She‘s far better than the oth ers.C.She‘s got the others‘ support.D.She‘s been working hard.PartII V ocabularySection A11. Betty was offended because she felt that her friends had ignored her purposefully at the party.A. desperatelyB. definitelyC. deliberatelyD. decisively12. There has been enough playing around , so let‘s get down to business.A. make a dealB. begin our workC. reach an agreementD. change our plan13. How is it possible for our human body to convert yesterday‘s lunch into today‘s muscle?A. alterB. developC. modifyD. turn14. It is important for families to observe their traditions even as their children get older.A. noticeB. watchC. followD. celebrate15. It is difficult to comprehend , but everything you have ever seen , smelt , heard or felt is merely your brain‘s interpretation of incoming stimuli.A. explanationB. evaluationC. recognitionD. interruption16. Life is more important than the pressures and stresses that we place on ourselves over work and other commitments.A. appointmentsB. arrangementsC. obligationsD. devotions17. If you continue to indulge in computer games like this , your future will be at stake.A. in dangerB. without questionC. on guardD. at large18. Romantic novels , as opposed to realistic ones , tend to present idealized versions of life , often with a happy ending .A. in contrast toB. in regard toC. in terms ofD. in light of19. Most people would agree that , although our age far surpasses all previous ages in knowledge , there has been no correlative increase in wisdom.A. improvesB. precedesC. imposesD. exceeds20. Many students today display a disturbing willingness to choose institutions and careers on the basis of earning potential.A. offensiveB. depressiveC. troublesomeD. tiresomeSection B21. My oldest son had just finished an _________ holiday stay prior to moving to a new state , a new job , and the next chapter in his lift.A. enlargedB. expandedC. extendedD. increased22. Blacks and American Indians _________ less than 10% of students in the top30 business schools, while they are about 28% of the U.S population .A. make upB. take upC. reach outD. turn out23. With demand continuing to rise in _________ economies such as China and India , energy traders believe that oil futures are a good bet.A. employingB. emergingC. embracingD. emitting24. Laws and regulations in each country have to be made __________ the constitution of the country .A. in honor ofB. in memory ofC. in return forD. in line with25. The jury‘s_____________ was that the accused was guilty .A. verdictB. sentenceC. trialD. debate26. In English learning , a __________ cycle occurs when a student makes more errors after being scolded.A. verticalB. viciousC. vividD. vigorous27. Isn‘t it _________ when you learn something you‘ve never known before?A. coolB. crazyC. coldD. cute .28.There are several factors _________the rapid growth of slaes promotion,particularly in consumer markets.A.resorting toB.appealing toC.applying toD.contributing to29.The Internet has been developing at a speed ________ people's expectations in the past two decades.A.overB.ofC.underD.beyond30.It is obvious that the sports games are no longer amateur affairs;the have become professionally________.id offid outC.put offD.put outPart III Reading Comprehension(45 minutes,30points,1for each)Directions:There are 5 passages in this part .Each passage is followed by6 questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneLoneliness has been linked to depression and other health problems.Now,a study says it can also spread.A friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness.And a friend of that friend was 25% more likely to do the same.Earlier findings showed that happiness.fatness and the ability to stop smoking can also grow like infections within social groups.The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham,Massachusetts.The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease.Since then,more tests have been added,including measures of loneliness and depression.The new findings involved more than 5,000 people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study.The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness.The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends.For example,loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors.The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together.The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.Researchers from the University of Chicago.Harvard and the University of California,San Diego,did the study.The findings appeared last month in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year.The study found that having a lonely friend can add about 17 days.But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about 5%,or two and a half days.Lonely people become less and less trusting of others.This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends---and likely that society will reject them.John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study.He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness.He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.The aim should be to aggressively create what he calls a "protective barrier"against loneliness.This barrier,he says,can keep the whole network from coming apart.31.Besides loneliness,which of the following can also spread among people?A. FriendshipB.HappinessC.DepressionD.Smoking32.The Framingham Heart Study starting from 1948_________.A.expanded its research topiesB.involved 5,000 patients of depressionC.identified loneliness as one key factor for heart diseaseD.examined the relationship between loneliness and depression33.Which of the following is true about the spread of loneliness?A.It leads to a gradual loss of friends.B.It is a common phenomenon among women.C.It is often found in the neighborhood.D.It ruins the relationships between close friends.34.Having a lonely friend,you are more likely to ________.A.strengthen your friendshipB.develop new friendshipC.Increase the sense of lonelinessD.reduce the sense of loneliness35.According to John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago,loneliness can_______.A.result in aggressivenessB.Cause people to be overprotectiveC.Infect social networksD.Push people to the verge of poverty36.What is the main idea of the passage?A.Loneliness can spread.B.Loneliness is linked to depression.C.Lonely people tend to grow fat.D.Lonely people need more friends.Passage TwoCalifornia has a new program called the Digital Textbook Initiative."Starting this fall withhigh school math and science,we will be the first state in the nation to provide schools with a state-approved list of digital textbooks."That was Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in June.talking about his effort to get schools to use materials available free online.He listed reasons why he thinks digital textbooks make sense.California approves traditional textbooks in six-year cycles.Digital ones can offer the latest information.They lighten the load of school bags.They save paper and tress,and make learning more fun and interactive.And above all,he said they help schools with their finances.The state has had to make severe cuts in school spending because of deep financial problems.More than six million students attend California public schools.Earlier this year,California invited content developers to offer digital math and science materials for high schools.These had to meet at least 90% of the state's learning requirements.Specially trained teachers examined 16 textbooks and approved ten of them.Six of the ten were published by the CK12 Foundation,a nonprofit group that had been developing digital science and math books for about two years.The foundation paid teachers and other education professionals to write and edit them.The money came from a group financed by the Khosla Family.California cannot require schools to use the digital textbooks.Individual school districts will have to decide for themselves.Susan Martimo,a California Department of Education official,says she does not expect widespread use right away.He best guess is that some schools with a lot of technology will be the first to use them,but only in addition to their traditional books.School administrators point out that the texts may be free online, but students need a way to access them . Not everyone has a computer or electronic reader. Schools could print out copies, but that would not help the environment. Also, there is the cost to train teachers to use digital textbooks effectively.37. The Digital Textbook InitiativeA. will probably take effect in six yearsB. covers all the high school subjectsC. has been approved by all statesD. is advocated by California state governor38. The main reason for promoting digital textbooks is toA. help save moneyB. benefit the environmentC. provide interesting materialsD. reduce students‘ heavy burden39. The digital textbooks were approved byA. trained teachersB. content developersC. Khosla FamilyD. Ck12 Foundation40. What is true of CK12Foundation ?A. It produced 16 digital textbooks .B. It paid teachers to write digital textbooks.C. It is financed by California state government.D. It makes money through developing digital textbooks.41. According to Susan Martimo, digital textbooks.A. are not likely to have a widespread useB. will soon replace traditional onesC. will first be adopted by well-equipped schoolsD. are certain to be approved by school districts42. It can be inferred from the last paragraph thatA. schools are reluctant to print out copiesB. the use of digital textbooks is not really freeC. students need to pay for computersD. training teachers to use the textbooks is not efficientPassage ThreeDoctors in Britain are warning of an obesity time bomb , when children who are already overweight grow up . So , what should we do ? Exercise more? Eat less? Or both? The government feels it has to take responsibility for this expanding problem.The cheerful Mr Pickwick , the hero of the novel by Charles Dickens , is seen in illustrations as someone who is plump(胖乎乎的)---and happy . In 18th century paintings beauty is equated with rounded bodies and soft curves. But nowadays being overweight is seen as indicating neither a cheerful character nor beauty but an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.So what do you do ? Diet? Not according to England‘s chief medical officer, Sir Liam Donaldson. He says that physical activity is the key for reducing the risks of obesity cancer and heart disease. And the Health Secretary John Reid ever said that being inactive is as serious a riskfactor in heart disease as smoking.So, having bought some cross trainers , how much exercise should you do ?According to Sir Liam Donaldson, at least 30 minutes of moderate activity five days a week. Is going to the gym the answer? Luckily for those who find treadmills(跑步机)tedious , the Health Development Agency believes that physical activity that fits into people‘s live may be more effective . They suggest taking the stairs rather than the lift. walking up escalators, playing active games with your children, dancing or gardening . And according to a sports psychologist , Professor Biddle , gyms ‗ are not making the nation fit‘, and may even cause harm .There‘s new scientific evidence that too much exercise may actually be bad for you. Scientists at the University of Ulster have found that unaccustomed exercise releases dangerous free radicals that can adversely affect normal function in unfit people . The only people who should push their bodies to that level of exercise on a regular basis are trained athletes.So, should we forget about gym s and follow some experts‘ advice to increase exercise in our daily life? After all , getting off the bus a stop early and walking the rest of the way can‘t do any harm! One final thought . How come past generations lacked gym facilities but were leaner and fitter than people today?43. This passage is mainly aboutA. how to keep fit and avoid fatnessB. increased risks for overweight peopleC. the dangers of exercise in the gymD. the benefit of a balanced diet44．What does ―this expanding problem‖(Para.1)refer to ?A. The slow growing up of overweight children.B. The obesity time bomb warned of by doctors.C. Too little exercise and too much diet.D. Neglect of the health issue by the government.45. Why does the author mention Mr Pickwick in Charles Dickens‘ novel?A. He was portrayed in an 18th century painting.B. He is the hero of a world famous novel.C. He suffered from heart disease and stroke.D. He is the image of being plump and happy.46. According to Sir Liam Donaldson, what is the best way to avoid obesity?A. Being on diet.B. Giving up smoking .C. Being as inactive as possible.D. Doing physical activities.47 Which of the following is NOT recommended by the Health Development Agency?A. Walking up escalators, dancing or gardening.B. Going to the gym to walk on treadmills.C. Taking the stairs rather than the lift.D. Playing active games with your children.48. It can be inferred from the last paragraph thatA. too much exercise may actually be bad for healthB. experts‘ advice cannot be always followedC. past generations longed for gym facilities we have todayPassage FourA metaphor is a poetic device that deals with comparison . IT compares similar qualities of two dissimilar objects. With a simple metaphor, one object becomes the other: Love is a rose . Although this does not sound like a particularly rich image , a metaphor can communicate so much about a particular image that poets use them more than any other type of figurative language . The reason for this is that poets compose their poetry to express what they are experiencing emotionally at that moment. Consequently, what the poet imagines love to be may or may not be our perception of love. Therefore, the poet‘s job is to enable us to experience i t, to feel it the same way as the poet does.Let‘s analyze this remarkably unsophisticated metaphor concerning love and the rose to see what it offers. Because the poet uses a comparison with a rose, first we must examine the characteristics of that flower. A rose is spectacular in its beauty, its petals(花瓣) are nicely soft, and its smell is pleasing. It‘s possible to say that a rose is actually a feast to the senses of sight, touch, and smell. The rose‘s appearance seems to border on perfection, each peta l seemingly symmetrical in form. Isn‘t this the way one‘s love should be? A loved one should be a delight to one‘s senses and seem perfect. However, there is another dimension added to the comparison by using a rose. Roses have thorns. The poet wants to convey the idea that roses can be tricky. So can love, the metaphor tells us. When one reaches out with absolute trust to touch the object of his or her affection, ouch, a thorn can cause great harm! ―Be careful,‖ the metaphor warns: Love is a feast to the senses, but it can overwhelm us, and it can also hurt us and cause acute suffering. This is the poet‘s perception of love--an admonition(劝诫). What is the point? Just this: It took almost 14 sentences to clarify what a simple metaphor communicates in only four words! That is the artistry and the joy of the simple metaphor.49. According to the passage, what is a metaphor?A. A comparison between two different objects with similar features.B. A contrast between two different things to create a vivid image.C. A description of two similar objects in a poetic way.D. A literary device specially employed in poetry writing.50. The main idea of this passage is that .A. rose is a good image in poetryB. love is sweet and pleasingC. metaphor is ambiguousD. metaphor is great poetic device51. It can be inferred from the passage that a metaphor is .A. difficult to understandB. rich in meaningC. not precise enoughD. like a flower52. As is meant by the author, thorns of a rose_________A.Protect the rose from harmB.Symbolize reduced loveC.Add a new element to the image of loveD.Represent objects of one‘s affection53 The meaning of the love-is –a-rose metaphor is that____________-A. love is a true joyB. true love comes once in a lifetimeC. love does not last longD. love is both good and bad experiences54. According to the passage, poetry is intended to___________A. release angerB. entertain the readersC. express poets‘ ideasD. reward the sensesPassage FiveSome 23 million additional U.S. residents are expected to become more regular users of the U.S. health care system in the next several years, thanks to the passage of health care reform.Digitizing medical data has been promoted as one way to help the already burdened system manage the surge in patients. But putting people‘s health information in databases and online is going to do more than simply reduce redundancies. It is already shifting the very way we seek and receive health care.―The social dynamics of care are changing,‖ says John Gomez, vice president of Eclipsys, a medical information technology company. Most patients might not yet e willing to share their latest CT scan images over Facebook, he notes, but many parents post their babies‘ ultr asound images, and countless patients nowadays use social networking sites to share information about conditions, treatments and doctors.With greater access to individualized health information—whether that is through a formal electronic medical record, a self-created personal health record or a quick instant-messaging session with a physician-the traditional roles of doctors and patients are undergoing a rapid transition.―For as long as we‘ve known, health care has been ‗I go to the physician, and they tell me what to do, and I do it,‘‖ says Nitu Kashyap, a physician and research fellow at the Yale Center for Medical Informatics. Soon more patients will be arriving at a hospital or doctor‘s office having reviewed their own record, latest test results and recommended articles about their health concerns. And even more individuals will be able to skip that visit altogether, instead sending a text message or e-mail to their careprovider or consulting a personal health record or smart-phone application to answer their questions.These changes will be strengthened by the nationwide shift to electronic medical records, which has already begun. Although the majority of U.S. hospitals and doctors' offices are still struggling to start the changeover , many patients already have electronic medical records—and some even have partial access to them. The MyChart program , in use at Cleveland Clinic , the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and other facilities , is a Web portal(门户) through which patients can see basic medical information as well as some test results.Medical data is getting a new digital life , and it is jump-starting a "fundamental change in how care is provided ," Gomez says.55.Which of the following is the best title for this passage ?A. The Future of Your Medical DataB. Challenges Against Doctors and HospitalsC. Benefits of the U.S. Health Care ReformD. How to Access and Share Your Health Information56. Putting patient information in databases and online .A. enable more Americans to join the health care system.B. contributes to the passage of health care reformC. increases the burden of the U.S. health care systemD. changes how people seek and receive health care57. According to John Gomez , many patients use social networking sites to .A. change their social interactionsB. post their latest CT scan imagesC. share information about their health careD. show their babies' recent pictures58. Which of the following is NOT changing the traditional roles of doctors and patients?A. A formal electronic medical recordB. An easier access to information onlineC. A self-created to information onlineD. A quick instant-messaging session with a doctor59,According to Nitu Kashyap,more patients in the future will_______.A.refuse to follow their doctors' adviceB.be more dependent on their doctorsC.leave out their visit to doctors' offices and hospitalsD.have their health conditions examined through e-mail60. It is stated in the passage that ________A. nationwide digitalization of medical data will begin soonB. most of U.S. hospitals and doctors are against the shiftC. patients are worred about the security of their health informationD. patients are starting to make use of their electronic medical records.Part IV ClozeAre you single but too busy to search for love? Then you need to try the latest dating phenomenon that is sweeping 61 the UK - speed dating.Speed dating 62 men and women meeting in a room and finding out as much as they can aboutpossible 63in three minutes. It's proving very 64 with Britain's young people who find that they haven't got the time to meet that special one.At a speed dating event you are given three minutes to talk, 65, with a member of the opposite sex. Then a bell 66 rung and you move to another person and start chatting again. By the end of the evening you will have spoken with up to twenty men or women!If, by the end of a conversation, you 67 the person or would like to see them again, you write it 68 on a card. Then, if the other person also fancies you, the organisers will contact you with their details.But is three minutes long enough to make an impression and 69 if you want to see someone again? Research suggests that 70 can be felt within the first thirty seconds of meeting someone, and that is71speed dating is all about, knowing quickly if you are going to like someone.And what about romance? Is it possible to make a good 72 in such a short time? 73, people say you can't hurry love. However, Britain will soon have its first marriage from a speed date.So, if you are on a 74 to find Mr or Miss Right, what have you got to lose? 75 , you still go home on your own. But at best, the person of your dreams could be just three minutes away.61. A . off B. across C. over D. through62. A. requires B. inquires C. revolves D. involves63. A. partners B. spouses C. friends D. counterparts64. A. practical B. popular C. favorable D. normal65. A. all in one B. one after one C. one on one D. one and all66. A. knocked B. shaken C. swung D. rung67. A. attract B. enjoy C. chase D. fancy68. A. down B. off C. up D. back69. A. work on B. work out C. work at D. work up70. A. emotion B. sentiment C. chemistry D. attachment71. A. how B. what C. all D. where72. A. conclusion B. reflection C. guess D. judgment73. A. In all B. After all C. Of all D. And all74. A. tour B. route C. direction D. mission75. A. At last B. At first C. At worst D. At end。

2010年职称英语等级考试真题+答案-综合A-修正版

2010年全国职称英语综合类（A级）考试真题及答案第1部分：词汇选择（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有一个词或短语有下划线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。

1.Fields neighboring the nuclear plant are higher than regular levels of radioactivity.A.significantualC.importantD.harmful2.The French Revolution was a period of disorder，but produced some great literature.A.chaosB.interestC.imaginationD.success3.She was one of the leading writers of her day.A.expectedB.naturalC.most importantD.least4.The hill was once rich with iron.A.abundantB.destituteC.enoughD.sufficient5.The retired couple lived a life of ease.A.luxuryB.miseryC.povertyfort6.The new type of car is fairly economical of fuel.ing littleB.effectiveC.efficientD.economic7.What were the effects of the decision she made？A.resultB.extinctionC.lureD.reason8.Put some effort into your workA.effectB.forceC.coverageD.energy9.The number of United States citizens who are eligible to vote continues to increase.A.encouragedB.enforcedC.entitledD.expected10.According to the constitution，anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote.A.illegalB.legitimateC.requiredD.qualified11.The doctor said that I had to eliminate alcohol.A.cut outB.cut onC.cut inD.cut up12.The class of mammals embraces nearly all warm-blooded animals except the birds.A.takes onB.takes overC.takes inD.takes up13.The environmentalists advocated better protection of the earth.A.appealB.pledgeC.proclaimD.urge14.We can utilize water for producing electric power.A.employB.embraceC.emergeD.emphasize15.Y our reasons for refusing to help are quite vague.A.obviousB.typicalC.impreciseD.unreasonable第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后，列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.Choosing a Topic for ResearchBecause you are going to put a lot of your time and energy into your research project，the topic is especially important. In many instances your instructor may give a specific topic. If this is done，you have little choice，but most instructors will permit or even welcome a slightlychanged focus in a topic if it is supported by good thinking.In some of your classes，the instructor may present a suggested list of several topics from which you are to make a choice. If this is done，do not simply select the first idea that attracts your attention. It may be one with which you will soon become bored，or it may be one on which you would have difficulty finding all the necessary information. Looking at the topics，try to consider how you might go about developing each of them. When you find out what seems especially interesting and worthwhile，do a bit checking in the library to see if you can get the basic resources you will need.Choosing a good research topic does not necessarily mean finding something that has a lot written about it. Many times you will have to research around a topic in order to find out the most useful information. Exciting and original topics often come to mind by combining two completely different interests. Let us say that you are interested in child psychology and in sports. Perhaps you can combine these into a study of the effect that is watching on the subject，you can research the topic individually and，by putting your information together，then draw a conclusion.16.Choosing a topic for research is important in that you will put a great deal of time and energy into it.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned17.All instructors will allow somewhat changed focus in the original topic.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned18.If all the topics are interesting，you are advised to choose the one that has necessary information and is easy to get the basic resources you will need in the library.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned19.Choosing a good research topic certainly refers to finding something that has a lot written about it.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned20.An exciting and original topic must be any two interests combined.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned21.Y ou can research the topic by cooperating with others.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned22.The passage is most likely written for researchers.A.RightB.Wrong第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有两项测试任务：（1）第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

2010年职称英语(综合类)A级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2010年职称英语（综合类）A级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 词汇选项 2. 阅读判断 3. 概括大意与完成句子 4. 阅读理解 5. 补全短文6. 完形填空词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。

1．I enjoyed the play-it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues．A．longB．boringC．originalD．humorous正确答案：D解析：划线词为形容词，意思是“滑稽的，有趣的，可笑的”，与D项humorous(滑稽的，富有幽默感的)为同义词，又如：Tom is very humorous．汤姆很幽默。

A项意为“长的”，例：The distance between us is long．我们之间的距离很远。

B项意为“无趣的，单调的，乏味的”，例：It is a boring job．这是一件乏味的工作。

C项意为“起初的，原来的”，例：we should follow the original plan．我们应该遵循原来的计划。

2．He was kept in appalling conditions in prison．A．criticalB．necessaryC．normalD．terrible正确答案：D解析：划线词为形容词，意思是“骇人听闻的，极糟的”，与D项terrible(可怕的)意思相近，又如：This is terrible!这太可怕了!A项意为“关键性的，批判的”例：It is at the critical moment．到了关键的时刻了。

B项意为“必要的”，例：It is necessary to get up earlier．早起床是必要的。

C项意为“正常的，标准的”，例：It’s normal to feel tired after such a long trip．这样长途旅行之后感到疲劳3．The project required ten years of diligent research．A．hardworkingB．basicC．socialD．scientific正确答案：A解析：划线词为形容词，意思是“勤奋的”，与A项hardworking(刻苦的，努力的)意思相近，又如：Chinese people are hardworking．中国人民是勤劳的。

[考研类试卷]2010年南开大学英语专业(语言学)真题试卷.doc

[考研类试卷]2010年南开大学英语专业（语言学）真题试卷一、名词解释1 historical linguistics2 coarticulation3 complementary distribution4 inflectional affix5 semantic broadening6 logical form7 psycholinguistics8 syllabus9 performative act10 interlanguage二、音标题11 The typical format of a phonological rule is given asA→B/X______YYou are required to write out the structural description(SD)and the structuralchange(SC)of the rule.12 Linking-r in British RPThe phenomenon of linking-r in British RP is illustrated by the data given below:You are required to develop an analysis into the phenomenon of linking-r, based on the data given above. Illustrate your analysis with the words bar and barring.(Hint: underlying representation and phonological rules are relevant to your analysis.)13 Each of the following columns illustrates a different morphological process in English:You are required to name the type of morphological process at work in Column 1, Column 2, Column 3 and Column 4, respectively.14 State the most obvious differences between compounds and verb phrases in English. Compounds Verb Phrasesfoot-warmers [I]warmed my feetman-eating [She]eats an applebrainwash [He was]washing disheshaircut [The boy]cuts a piece of paper三、简答题15 The following phrases include a head, a complement and(in some cases)a specifier. Draw the appropriate tree diagram with labels indicating these categories for each phrase.(1)[into the house]PP(3)[perhaps earned the money]VP (2)[full of mistakes]AP(4)[that argument with Owen]NP16 Give the deep structure of the sentence What can the boy sit on?, and transform the deep structure of the sentence into its surface structure, using two diagrams to demonstrate the process of transformation.17 The following sentences are semantically ambiguous:(A)Peter saw the lady when she was near the bank.(B)The captain met wealthy men and women.You are required to point out the source of semantic ambiguity for each sentence.18 If you ask somebody "Can you open the door?" and he answers "Yes" but does not actually do it, what would be your reaction? Why? Try to explain it in the light of Speech Act Theory.19 How do you understand the cancellability of conversational implicature?20 In what ways can linguistics contribute to language learning research?21 In your understanding what roles do corpus data play in language studies? Part V22 State about ONE of the two topics given below(minimally 200 words).The main features of generative linguistics.23 Linguistics ideas of special importance developed in the Prague School.。

2010年英语专业八级真题及答案

2010年英语专业八级真题及答案PART IIREADING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)TEXT AStill, the image of any city has a half-life of many years. (So does its name, officially changed in 2001 from Calcutta to Kolkata, which is closer to what the word sounds like in Bengali. Conversing in English, I never heard anyone call the city anything but Calcutta.) To Westerners, the conveyance most identified with Kolkata is not its modern subway—a facility whose spacious stations have art on the walls and cricket matches on television monitors—but the hand-pulled rickshaw. Stories and films celebrate a primitive-looking cart with high wooden wheels, pulled by someone who looks close to needing the succor of Mother Teresa. For years the government has been talking about eliminating hand-pulled rickshaws on what it calls humanitarian grounds—principally on the ground that, as the mayor of Kolkata has often said, it is offensive to see “one man sweating and straining to pull another man.” But these days politicians also lament the impact of 6,000 hand-pulled rickshaws on a modern city’s traffic and, particularly, on its image. “Westerners try to associate beggars and these rickshaws with the Calcutta landscape, but this is not what Calcutta stands for,” the chief minister of West Bengal, Buddhad eb Bhattacharjee, said in a press conference in 2006. “Our city stands for prosperity and development.” The chief minister—the equivalent of a state governor—went on to announce that hand-pulled rickshaws soon would be banned from the streets of Kolkata.Rickshaws are not there to haul around tourists. (Actually, I saw almost no tourists in Kolkata, apart from the young backpackers on Sudder Street, in what used to be a red-light district and is now said to be the single place in the city where the services a rickshaw puller offers may include providing female company to a gentleman for the evening.) It’s the people in the lanes who most regularly use rickshaws—not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor. They are people who tend to travel short distances, through lanes that are sometimes inaccessible to even the most daring taxi driver. An older woman with marketing to do, for instance, can arrive in a rickshaw, have the rickshaw puller wait until she comes back from various stalls to load her purchases, and then be taken home. People in the lanes use rickshaws as a 24-hour ambulance service. Proprietors of cafés or corner stores send rickshaws to collect their supplies. (One morning I saw a rickshaw puller take on a load of live chickens—tied in pairs by the feet so they could be draped over the shafts and the folded back canopy and even the axle. By the time he trotted off, he was carrying about a hundred upside-down chickens.) The rickshaw pullers told me their steadiest customers are schoolchildren. Middle-class families contract with a puller to take a child to school and pick him up; the puller essentially becomes a family retainer.From June to September Kolkata can get torrential rains, and its drainage system doesn’t need torrential rai n to begin backing up. Residents who favor a touch of hyperbole say that in Kolkata “if a stray cat pees, there’s a flood.” During my stay it once rained for about 48 hours. Entire neighborhoods couldn’t be reached by motorized vehicles, and the newspapers showed pictures of rickshaws being pulled through water that was up to the pullers’ waists. When it’s raining, the normal customer base for rickshaw pullers expands greatly, as does the price of a journey. A writer in Kolkata told me, “When it rains, even the governor takes rickshaws.”While I was in Kolkata, a magazine called India Today published its annual ranking of Indian states, according to such measurements as prosperity and infrastructure. Among India’s 20 largest states, Bihar finished dead last, as it has for four of the past five years. Bihar, a couple hundred miles north of Kolkata, is where the vast majority of rickshaw pullers come from. Once in Kolkata, they sleep on the street or in their rickshaws or in a dera—a combination garage and repair shop and dormitory managed by someone called a sardar. For sleeping privileges in a dera, pullers pay 100 rupees (about $2.50) a month, which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a dera. They gross between 100 and 150 rupees a day, out of which they have to pay 20 rupees for the use of the rickshaw and an occasional 75 or more for a payoff if a policeman stops them for, say, crossing a street where rickshaws are prohibited. A 2003 study found that rickshaw pullers are near the bottom of Kolkata occupations in income, doing better than only the ragpickers and the beggars. For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make a living in Bihar.There are people in Kolkata, particularly educated and politically aware people, who will not ride in a rickshaw, because they are offended by the idea of being pulled by another human being or because they consider it not the sort of thing people of their station do or because they regard the hand-pulled rickshaw as a relic of colonialism. Ironically, some of those people are not enthusiastic about banning rickshaws. The editor of the editorial pages of Kolkata’s Telegraph—Rudrangshu Mukherjee, a former academic who still writes history books—told me, for instance, that he sees humanitarian considerations as coming down on the side of keeping hand-pulled rickshaws on the road. “I refuse to be carried by another human being myself,” he said, “but I question whether we have the right to take away their livelihood.” Rickshaw supporters point out that when it comes to demeaning occupations, rickshaw pullers are hardly unique in Kolkata.When I asked one rickshaw puller if he thought the government’s plan to rid the city of rickshaws was based on a genuine interest in his welfare, he smiled, with a quick shake of his head—a gesture I interpreted to mean, “If you are so naive as to ask such a question, I will answer it, but it is not worth wasting words on.” Some rickshaw pullers I met were resigne d to the imminent end of their livelihoodand pin their hopes on being offered something in its place. As migrant workers, they don’t have the political clout enjoyed by, say, Kolkata’s sidewalk hawkers, who, after supposedly being scaled back at the beginning of the modernization drive, still clog the sidewalks, selling absolutely everything—or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas. “The government was the government of the poor people,” one sardar told me. “Now they shake hands with the capitalists and try to get rid of poor people.”But others in Kolkata believe that rickshaws will simply be confined more strictly to certain neighborhoods, out of the view of World Bank traffic consultants and California investment delegations—or that they will be allowed to die out naturally as they’re supplanted by more modern conveyances. Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, after all, is not the first high West Bengal official to say that rickshaws would be off the streets of Kolkata in a matter of months. Similar statements have been made as far back as 1976. The ban decreed by Bhattacharjee has been delayed by a court case and by a widely held belief that some retraining or social security settlement ought to be offered to rickshaw drivers. It may also have been delayed by a quiet reluctance to give up something that has been part of the fabric of the city for more than a century. Kolkata, a resident told me, “has difficulty letting go.” One day a city official handed me a report from the municipal government laying out options for how rickshaw pullers might be rehabilitated.“Which option has been chosen?” I asked, noting that the report was dated almost exactly a year before my visit.“That hasn’t been decided,” he said.“When will it be decided?”“That hasn’t been decided,” he said.11. According to the passage, rickshaws are used in Kolkata mainly for the following EXCEPTA. taking foreign tourists around the city.B. providing transport to school children.C. carrying store supplies and purchasesD. carrying people over short distances.12. Which of the following statements best describes the rickshaw pullers from Bihar?A. They come from a relatively poor area.B. They are provided with decent accommodation.C. Their living standards are very low in Kolkata.D. They are often caught by policemen in the streets.13. That “For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make a living in Bihar” (4 paragraph) means that even so,A. the poor prefer to work and live in Bihar.B. the poor from Bihar fare better than back home.C. the poor never try to make a living in Bihar.D. the poor never seem to resent their life in Kolkata.14. We can infer from the passage that some educated and politically aware peopleA. hold mixed feelings towards rickshaws.B. strongly support the ban on rickshaws.C. call for humanitarian actions fro rickshaw pullers.D. keep quiet on the issue of banning rickshaws.15. Which of the following statements conveys the author’s sense of humor?A. “…not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor.” (2 paragraph)B. “…,.which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a dera.” (4 paragraph)C. Kolkata, a resident told me, “ has difficulty letting go.” (7 paragraph).D.“…or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas.” (6 paragraph)16. The dialogue between the author and the city official at the end of the passage seems to suggestA. the uncertainty of the court’s decision.B. the inefficiency of the municipal government.C. the difficulty of finding a good solution.D. the slowness in processing options.TEXT BDepending on whom you believe, the average American will, over a lifetime, wait in lines for two years (says National Public Radio) or five years (according to customer-loyalty experts).The crucial word is average, as wealthy Americans routinely avoid lines altogether. Once the most democratic of institutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers(people who still believe in and practice waiting in lines). Poor suckers, mostly.Airports resemble France before the Revolution: first-class passengers enjoy "élite" security lines and priority boarding, and disembark before the unwashed in coach, held at bay by a flight a ttendant, are allowed to foul the Jetway.At amusement parks, too, you can now buy your way out of line. This summer I haplessly watched kids use a $52 Gold Flash Pass to jump the lines at Six Flags New England, and similar systems are in use inmost major American theme parks, from Universal Orlando to Walt Disney World, where the haves get to watch the have-mores breeze past on their way to their seats.Flash Pass teaches children a valuable lesson in real-world economics: that the rich are more important than you, especially when it comes to waiting. An NBA player once said to me, with a bemused chuckle of disbelief, that when playing in Canada--get this--"we have to wait in the same customs line as everybody else."Almost every line can be breached for a price. In several U.S. cities this summer, early arrivers among the early adopters waiting to buy iPhones offered to sell their spots in the lines. On Craigslist, prospective iPhone purchasers offered to pay "waiters" or "placeholders" to wait in line for them outside Apple stores.Inevitably, some semi-populist politicians have seen the value of sort-of waiting in lines with the ordinary people. This summer Philadelphia mayor John Street waited outside an AT&T store from 3:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. before a stand-in from his office literally stood in for the mayor while he conducted official business. And billionaire New York mayor Michael Bloomberg often waits for the subway with his fellow citizens, though he's first driven by motorcade past the stop nearest his house to a station 22 blocks away, where the wait, or at least the ride, is shorter.As early as elementary school, we're told that jumping the line is an unethical act, which is why so many U.S. lawmakers have framed the immigration debate as a kind of fundamental sin of the school lunch line. Alabama Senator Richard Shelby, to cite just one legislator, said amnesty would allow illegal immigrants "to cut in line ahead of millions of people."Nothing annoys a national lawmaker more than a person who will not wait in line, unless that line is in front of an elevator at the U.S. Capitol, where Senators and Representatives use private elevators, lest they have to queue with their constituents.But compromising the integrity of the line is not just antidemocratic, it's out-of-date. There was something about the orderly boarding of Noah's Ark, two by two, that seemed to restore not just civilization but civility during the Great Flood.How civil was your last flight? Southwest Airlines has first-come, first-served festival seating. But for $5 per flight, an unaffiliated company called will secure you a coveted "A" boarding pass when that airline opens for online check-in 24 hours before departure. Thus, the savvy traveler doesn't even wait in line when he or she is online.Some cultures are not renowned for lining up. Then again, some cultures are too adept at lining up: a citizen of the former Soviet Union would join a queue just so he could get to the head of that queue and see what everyone was queuing for.And then there is the U.S., where society seems to be cleaving into two groups: Very Important Persons, who don't wait, and Very Impatient Persons, who do--unhappily.For those of us in the latter group-- consigned to coach, bereft of Flash Pass, too poor or proper to pay a placeholder --what do we do? We do what Vladimir and Estragon did in Waiting for Godot: "We wait. We are bored."17. What does the following sentence mean? “Once the most democratic of institutions, lines are rapidly bec oming the exclusive province of suckers…Poor suckers, mostly.” (2 paragraph)A. Lines are symbolic of America’s democracy.B. Lines still give Americans equal opportunities.C. Lines are now for ordinary Americans only.D. Lines are for people with democratic spirit only.18. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of breaching the line?A. Going through the customs at a Canadian airport.B. Using Gold Flash Passes in amusement parks.C. First-class passenger status at airports.D. Purchase of a place in a line from a placeholder.19. We can infer from the passage that politicians (including mayors and Congressmen)A. prefer to stand in lines with ordinary people.B. advocate the value of waiting in lines.C. believe in and practice waiting in lines.D. exploit waiting in lines for their own good.20. What is the tone of the passage?A. Instructive.B. Humorous.C. Serious.D. Teasing.TEXT CA bus took him to the West End, where, among the crazy coloured fountains of illumination, shattering the blue dusk with green and crimson fire, he found the café of his choice, a tea-shop that had gone mad and turned. Bbylonian, a while palace with ten thousand lights. It towered above the other building like a citadel, which indeed it was, the outpost of a new age, perhaps a new civilization, perhaps a new barbarism; and behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel, just as behind the careless profusion of luxury were millions of pence, balanced to the last halfpenny. Somewhere in thebackground, hidden away, behind the ten thousand llights and acres of white napery and bewildering glittering rows of teapots, behind the thousand waitresses and cash-box girls and black-coated floor managers and temperamental long-haired violinists, behind the mounds of cauldrons of stewed steak, the vanloads of ices, were a few men who went to work juggling with fractions of a farming, who knew how many units of electricity it took to finish a steak-and-kidney pudding and how many minutes and seconds a waitress( five feet four in height and in average health) would need to carry a tray of given weight from the kitchen life to the table in the far corner. In short, there was a warm, sensuous, vulgar life flowering in the upper storeys, and a cold science working in the basement. Such as the gigantic tea-shop into which Turgis marched, in search not of mere refreshment but of all the enchantment of unfamiliar luxury. Perhaps he knew in his heart that men have conquered half the known world, looted whole kingdoms, and never arrived in such luxury. The place was built for him.It was built for a great many other people too, and, as usual, they were al there. It seemed with humanity. The marble entrance hall, piled dizzily with bonbons and cakes, was as crowded and bustling as a railway station. The gloom and grime of the streets, the raw air, all November, were at once left behind, forgotten: the atmosphere inside was golden, tropical, belonging to some high mid-summer of confectionery. Disdaining the lifts, Turgis, once more excited by the sight, sound, and smell of it all, climbed the wide staircase until he reached his favourite floor, whre an orchestra, led by a young Jewish violinist with wandering lustrous eyes and a passion for tremolo effects, acted as a magnet to a thousand girls, scented air, the sensuous clamour of the strings; and, as he stood hesitating a moment, half dazed, there came, bowing, s sleek grave man, older than he was and far more distinguished than he could ever hope to be, who murmured deferentially: “ For one, sir? This way, please,” Shyly, yet proudly, Turgis followed him.21. That “behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel” suggests thatA. modern realistic commercialism existed behind the luxurious appearance.B. there was a fundamental falseness in the style and the appeal of the café..C. the architect had made a sensible blend of old and new building materials.D. the café was based on physical foundations and real economic strength.22. The following words or phrases are somewhat critical of the tea-shop EXCEPTA. “…turned Babylonian”.B. “perhaps a new barbarism’.C. “acres of white napery”.D. “balanced to the last halfpenny”.23. In its context the statement that “ the place was built for him” means that the café was intended toA. please simple people in a simple way.B. exploit gullible people like him.C. satisfy a demand that already existed.D. provide relaxation for tired young men.24. Which of the following statements about the second paragraph is NOT true?A. The café appealed to most senses simultaneously.B. The café was both full of people and full of warmth.C. The inside of the café was contrasted with the weather outside.D. It stressed the commercial determination of the café owners.25. The following are comparisons made by the author in the second paragraph EXCEPT thatA. the entrance hall is compared to a railway station.B. the orchestra is compared to a magnet.C. Turgis welcomed the lift like a conquering soldier.D. the interior of the café is compared to warm countries.26. The author’s attitude to the café isA. fundamentally critical.B. slightly admiring.C. quite undecided.D. completely neutral.TEXT DI Now elsewhere in the world, Iceland may be spoken of, somewhat breathlessly, as wester n Europe’s last pristine wilderness. But the environmental awareness that is sweeping the world had bypassed the majority of Icelanders. Certainly they were connected to their land, the way one is complicatedly connected to, or encumbered by, family one ca n’t do anything about. But the truth is, once you’re off the beat-en paths of the low-lying coastal areas where everyone lives, the roads are few, and they’re all bad, so Iceland’s natural wonders have been out of reach and unknown even to its own inhab-itants. For them the land has always just been there, something that had to be dealt with and, if possible, exploited—the mind-set being one of land as commodity rather than land as, well, priceless art on the scale of the “Mona Lisa.”When the opportunity arose in 2003 for the national power company to enter into a 40-year contract with the American aluminum company Alcoa to supply hydroelectric power for a new smelter, thosewho had been dreaming of some-thing like this for decades jumped at it and never looked back. Iceland may at the moment be one of the world’s richest countries, with a 99 percent literacy rate and long life expectancy. But the proj-ect’s advocates, some of them getting on in years, were more emotionally attuned to the country’s century u pon century of want, hardship, and colonial servitude to Denmark, which officially had ended only in 1944 and whose psychological imprint remained relatively fresh. For the longest time, life here had meant little more than a sod hut, dark all winter, cold, no hope, children dying left and right, earthquakes, plagues, starvation, volcanoes erupting and destroying all vegeta-tion and livestock, all spirit—a world revolving almost entirely around the welfare of one’s sheep and, later, on how good the cod catch was. In the outlying regions, it still largely does.Ostensibly, the Alcoa project was intended to save one of these dying regions—the remote and sparsely populated east—where the way of life had steadily declined to a point of desperation and gloom. After fishing quotas were imposed in the early 1980s to protect fish stocks, many indi-vidual boat owners sold their allotments or gave them away, fishing rights ended up mostly in the hands of a few companies, and small fishermen were virtually wiped out. Technological advances drained away even more jobs previously done by human hands, and the people were seeing every-thing they had worked for all their lives turn up worthless and their children move away. With the old way of life doomed, aluminum projects l ike this one had come to be perceived, wisely or not, as a last chance. “Smelter or death.”The contract with Alcoa would infuse the re-gion with foreign capital, an estimated 400 jobs, and spin-off service industries. It also was a way for Iceland to develop expertise that potentially could be sold to the rest of the world; diversify an economy historically dependent on fish; and, in an appealing display of Icelandic can-do verve, perhaps even protect all of Iceland, once and for all, from the unpredictability of life itself.“We have to live,” Halldór Ásgrímsson said in his sad, sonorous voice. Halldór, a former prime minister and longtime member of parliament from the region, was a driving force behind the project. “We have a right to live.”27. According to the passage, most Icelanders view land as something ofA. environmental value.B. commercial value.C. potential value for tourism.D. great value for livelihood.28. What is Iceland’s old-aged advocates’ feeling towards the Alcoa project?A. Iceland is wealthy enough to reject the project.B. The project would lower life expectancy.C. The project would cause environmental problems.D. The project symbolizes and end to the colonial legacies.29. The disappearance of the old way of life was due to all the following EXCEPTA. fewer fishing companies.B. fewer jobs available.C. migration of young people.D. impostion of fishing quotas.30. The 4 paragraph in the passageA. sums up the main points of the passage.B. starts to discuss an entirely new point.C. elaborates on the last part of the 3 paragraph.D. continues to depict the bleak economic situation.PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.31. Which of the following statements in INCORRECT?A. The British constitution includes the Magna Carta of 1215.B. The British constitution includes Parliamentary acts.C. The British constitution includes decisions made by courts of law.D. The British constitution includes one single written constitution.32. The first city ever founded in Canada isA. Quebec.B. Vancouver.C. Toronto.D. Montreal.33. When did the Australian Federation officially come into being?A. 1770.B. 1788.C. 1900.D. 1901.34. The Emancipation Proclamation to end the slavery plantation system in the South of the U.S. was issued byA. Abraham Lincoln.B. Thomas Paine.C. George Washington.D. Thomas Jefferson.35. ________ is best known for the technique of dramatic monologue in his poems..A. Will BlakeB. W.B. YeatsC. Robert BrowningD. William Wordsworth36. The Financier is written byA. Mark Twain.B. Henry James.C. William Faulkner.D. Theodore Dreiser.37. In literature a story in verse or prose with a double meaning is defined asA. allegory.B. sonnet.C. blank verse.D. rhyme.38. ________ refers to the learning and development of a language.A. Language acquisitionB. Language comprehensionC. Language productionD. Language instruction39. The word “ Motel” comes from “motor + hotel”. This is an example of________ in morphology.A. backformationB. conversionC. blendingD. acronym40. Language i s t tool of communication. The symbol “ Highway Closed” on a highway servesA. an expressive function.B. an informative function.C. a performative function.D. a p=ersuasive function.Part IV Proofreading & Error Correction (15 min)The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word,underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the bla nk provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a "∧" sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a unnecessary word,cross the unnecessary word with a slash "/" and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.EXAMPLEWhen ∧ art museum wants a new exhibit,it buys things in finished form and hangsthem on the wall. When a natural historymuseum wants an exhibition, it must often build it.So far as we can tell, all human languages are equally complete and perfect asinstruments of communication: that is, every language appears to be well equipped asany other to say the things their speakers want to say.There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive peoples or cultures, butthat is another matter. Certainly, not all groups of people are equally competent innuclear physics or psychology or the cultivation of rice or the engraving of Benaresbrass. Whereas this is not the fault of their language. The Eskimos can speak aboutsnow with a great deal more precision and subtlety than we can in English, but this isnot because the Eskimo language (one of those sometimes miscalled 'primitive') isinherently more precise and subtle than English. This example does not come to light adefect in English, a show of unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position is simply andobviously that the Eskimos and the English live in similar environments. The Englishlanguage will be just as rich in terms for similar kinds of snow, presumably, if the environments in which English was habitually used made such distinction asimportant.Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language could be as precise。

2010年北京第二外国语学院英语专业(英美文学)真题试卷.doc

2010年北京第二外国语学院英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷(总分：42.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：15，分数：30.00)1.Sonnet in English poetry contains______.（分数：2.00）A.four linesB.a coupletC.fourteen linesD.a terza rima2.Francis Bacon, one of the most important British essayists, was active in the______.（分数：2.00）A.Middle AgeB.Anglo-Saxon PeriodC.English RenaissanceD.Victoria Age3.______, whose name comes from Greek words meaning "no place" , is written by Thomas More to name his ideal society.（分数：2.00）A.UtopiaB.ShangrilaC.News from NowhereD.Wonderland4.Of the following writers who is NOT a poet in English Renaissance? ______.（分数：2.00）A.William ShakespeareB.Robert BurnsC.Edmund SpenserD.John Milton5.______founded a new school of poetry by the name of metaphysical school.（分数：2.00）A.John SmithB.John BunyanC.John MiltonD.John Donne6.Modern English novel arose in the______century.（分数：2.00）A.16thB.17thC.18thD.19th7.Don Juan is______"s poetic drama with the material taken from Biblical stories.（分数：2.00）A.ByronB.ShelleyC.WordsworthD.Coleridge8.In 1878,______moved to London. His lifestyle and humorous wit made him soon spokesman for Aestheticism, the late 19th century movement in England that advocated art for art"s sake.（分数：2.00）A.Walter ScottB.Oscar WildeC.Robert BrowningD.Alfred Tennyson9.______belongs to "stream of consciousness" school.（分数：2.00）A.Virginia WoolfB.Thomas WolfeC.Somerset MaughamD.Thomas Hardy10.American Colonial literature is longer than any other literary period, which started when the first settlers kept diaries and sermons and developed till______.（分数：2.00）A.the mid of 18th C.B.early 17thC.C.the end of 17th C.D.the end of 18th C.11."Oh Captain! My Captain!" is Whitman"s mourning poem to______.（分数：2.00）A.Martin Luther KingB.utilitarianC.New England transcendentalismD.Abraham Lincoln12.Of the following writers______is not influenced by naturalistic writing.（分数：2.00）A.Theodore DreiserB.Stephen CraneC.Isaac SingerD.Frank Norris13.F. S. Fitzgerald is NOT the writer of______.（分数：2.00）A.The Great GatsbyB.The Last TycoonC.As I Lay DyingD.Tender Is the Night14.______addressed Ernest Hemingway and his peers as "the lost generation".（分数：2.00）A.Gertrude SteinB.William Dean HowellsC.Sherwood AndersonD.Henry James15.The author of Long Day"s Journey into Night also wrote______.（分数：2.00）A.Death of a SalesmanB.The Hairy ApeC.A Streetcar Named DesireD.Looking Back in Anger二、名词解释(总题数：3，分数：6.00)16.American Transcendentalism(3 points)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 17.The Southern Renaissance(3 points)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 18.The Beat Generation(3 points)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 三、分析题(总题数：1，分数：6.00)When Miss Emily Grierson died, our whole town went to her funeral: the men through a sort of respectful affection for a fallen monument, the women mostly out of curiosity to see the inside of her house, which no one save an old manservant—a combined gardener and cook—had seen in at least ten years.It was a big, squarish frame house and spires and scrolled balconies in the heavily lightsome style of the seventies, set on what had once been our most select street. But garagesand cotton gins had encroached and obliterated even the august names of that neighborhood; only Miss Emily"s house was left, lifting its stubborn and coquettish decay above the cotton wagons and the gasoline pumps— an eyesore among eyesores. And now Miss Emily had gone to join the representatives of those august names where they lay in the cedar-bemused cemetery among the ranked and anonymous graves of Union and confederate soldiers who fell at the battle of Jefferson(the Town of Jefferson).Alive, Miss Emily had been a tradition, a duty, and a care; a sort of heredity obligation upon the town, dating from that day in 1894 when Colonel Sartoris invented an involved tale to the effect that Miss Emily"s father had loaned money to the town, which the town, as a matter of business, preferred this way of repaying. Only a man of Colonel Sartoris" generation and thought could have invented it, and only a woman could have believed it.This section above is an excerpt from William Faulkner"s short story A Rose for Emily. Please answer the following questions according to the excerpt:（分数：6.00）(1).What is the town people"s response toward Emily"s death and what"s the reason for that? Use your own words to give an illustration.(3 points)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).These paragraphs typically show Faulkner"s major concern in literary writing. Please explain Faulkner"s literary concern in general with one representative work except this short story.(4 points)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (3).In the 3rd paragraph, Miss Emily is referred to as "a tradition". What does this tradition mean? When the paragraph ends with the sentence " Only a man of Colonel Sartoris" generation and thought could have invented it, and only a woman could have believed it" , what information does the writer want to give to his readers?(4 points)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________。

2010年全国职称英语理工类A真题与答案word版-百度文库

本文由keystonelx贡献doc文档年全国职称英语理工类（ 2010 年全国职称英语理工类（A 级）考试真题及答案<br />第 1 部分：词汇选项(第 1～15 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分) 下面每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定 1 个意义最为接近的选项。

1．I can't put up with my neighbor's noise any longer，it'S driving me mad． A．tolerate B．generate C．reduce D．mensure 2．Regular visits from a social worker can be of immense value to old people living alone． A．equal B．immediate C．moderate D．great 3．He was rather vague about the reasons why he never finished school． A．bright B．unclear C．general D．bad 4 ． I want to provide my boys with a decent education． A．special B．private C．general D．good 5．Sleep stairs can present a particular hazard to older people． A．picture B．danger C．evidence D．case 6．Our arrangements were thrown into complete turmoil． A．doubt B．relief C．failure D．confusion 7 ． Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment． A．love B．surprise C．anger<br />1<br />D．doubt 8．Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day． A．energetic B．free C．physical D．regular 9．I enjoyed the play-it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues． A．boring B．original C．humorous D．long 10．Lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth． A．attract B．spend C．encourage D．require 11．He demolished my argument in minutes． A．supported B．disproved C．disputed D．accepted 12．The two banks have announced plans to merge next year． A．close B．sell C．break D．combine 13．Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners． A．polite B．usual C．bad D．similar 14．The project required ten years of diligent research． A．hardworking B．social C．basic D．scientific 15 ． He was kept in appalling conditions in prison． A．necessary B．terrible C．critical D．normal<br />第 2 部分：阅读判断(第 16～22 题，每题 1 分，共 7 分) 下面的短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。

2010职称英语试题

2010年全国职称英语综合类(C级)考试真题及答案人事考试教育网整理20１０－１0-28 13:42【大中小】【我要纠错】第一部分:词汇选项(第１-１5题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1．Ｒodmａn ｍｅt witｈToｎy tｏtｒｙaｎd settle the disｐｕtｅover hiｓcontract.A．ｍarkB．ｉnvolveC．solveD.ａｖoid２. We're ｈａｐpｙto repoｒｔthaｔbｕｓinｅsｓis ｂoominｇｔhｉs year．A.fａilingB．opｅnC．succesｓｆulD．riｓｋy3．Iｆwe lｅaｖｅｎow,we ｓhoulｄmiss the tｒａfｆiｃ．A.avoiｄＢ.mixC．dｉrectD.stｏp４.In tｈｅｐroｃess,tｈe light energｙｃoｎverts to heat eｎergy．A．lｅavesＢ．drｏpsC.reducesD．ｃhangeｓ５.I wａs ｓｈocked when Iｓaｗtｈe sizｅof theｔelephｏｎe bill.A.sｕｒprｉｓｅdB.lostC．exciteｄD.aｎｇrｙ６．Caｎyou gｉvｅme ａｃoｎcretｅexａｍｐlｅtｏsupport ｙouｒｉｄea？A.spｅｃｉalB．gooｄＣ．ｒeａlD.specific7. Wｅ've been ｔhｒough sｏme rｏuｇh times togetｈeｒ.A.ｓhortＢ．diffiｃuｌtC.loｎgD．haｐｐy8．It was a ｆａscinating pａintｉｎg,witｈclever use of color anｄｌigｈt. A．newB．familｉａrC．ｌarｇｅD.wｏnderｆul9.Tｈe cｏmpaｎy ｈaｓｔhe riｇｈt tｏｅnd hｉs emploｙment at ａny ｔiｍe．Ａ．ｏffｅrB.sｔｏpC.ｐｒｏvideD.coｎtinue10.Ｓhe gave up ｈeｒｊoｂaｎd staｒted writｉng poetrｙ．A．losｔB.abaｎdonedＣ.tｏokD．cｒｅａted11．Ｔhe pｏlice ｔook finｇerprintｓanｄiｄentｉfied ｔhe body.Ａ．discoverｅｄB.touchedC.miｓsedD.reｃognｉzeｄ12.Wｈat are my chａnｃes of pｒｏmｏtion if I stay hｅre?A．ｒetiremeｎtB．ｒeｐｌａcｅmentＣ.aｄveｒtiｓemenｔＤ.adｖancｅmｅｎt1３．We've sｅeｎa ｍaｒked ｓhift in our ａppｒｏach tｏthe sociａlｉssｕｅs.A.regulａrB.greatC.clearD.quicｋ14.Thｅｔhｉef was fｉｎally ｃａｐtｕrｅd tｗo milｅｓａway ｆrom tｈｅvill ａgｅ．A．foundB．iailｅdC．ｃａuｇhtD.kilｌed１５.I propｏse thaｔｗe discｕｓsed thｉｓat ｔhe nｅxt mｅｅtinｇ.Ａ．ｒequｅstＢ．sugｇestC．demａndD．orｄer第二部分：阅读判断(第16-22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择Ｂ；如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C。

2010年职称英语考试理工类(A级)考试真题与答案解析

大家论坛职称英语/forum-109-1.html 19 / 32 consumption in China ．中国采取了新的举措来刺激消费。

A．attract：吸引；例如：His filmhas attracted a large audience ．他的电影吸引了很多的观众。

B．spend：花费；如：Shespent the whole month to prepare for the examination ．她用一个月的时间准备考试。

D．require ：要求：如：This is the minimum quantity we require ．这是我们所要求的最小数量。

11．B [解析]他在几分钟内就驳倒了我的观点。

demolish ：推翻，驳倒；B．disprove ：反驳；与demolish 意思最接近。

例如：It is nearly impossible to disprove a rumor ．要辟谣几乎是不可能的。

A．support ：支持，扶持；如：1 will always support you whatever youdo．不论你做什么，我都会支持你。

C．dispute ：辩论，怀疑；例如：We disputed with eachother on various issues ．我们为各种问题互相争论。

D．accept ：接受。

12．D [解析]两家银行已宣布了在明年合并的计划。

merge：合并，兼并；D．combine ：使结合，使联合，和merge 意思接近；如：to combine theory with practice 理论联系实际；A．close：停止，关闭；如：to close an account 关闭一个(银行)账户。

B．sell：卖，出售。

C．break ：打破，折断；例如：The old man broke a tooth on a bone ．这老人咬骨头把一颗牙折断了。

2010年考研英语真题及答案完整解析

2010年考研英语真题与答案解析从2010年开始，全国硕士研究生入学考试的英语试卷分为了英语（一）和英语（二）。

英语（一）即原统考“英语”。

英语（二）主要是为高等院校和科研院所招收专业学位硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的统考科目。

英语一考试形式、考试内容与试卷结构（一）考试形式考试形式为笔试。

考试时间为180分钟。

满分为100分。

试卷包括试题册和答题卡。

答题卡分为答题卡1和答题卡2。

考生应将1~45题的答案按要求填涂在答题卡1上，将46~52题的答案写在答题卡2上。

（二）考试内容试题分三部分，共52题，包括英语知识运用、阅读理解和写作。

第一部分英语知识运用该部分不仅考查考生对不同语境中规范的语言要素（包括词汇、表达方式和结构）的掌握程度，而且还考查考生对语段特征（如连贯性和一致性等）的辨识能力等。

共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。

在一篇240~280词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。

考生在答题卡1上作答。

第二部分阅读理解该部分由A、B、C三节组成，考查考生理解书面英语的能力。

共30小题，每小题2分，共60分。

A节（20小题）：主要考查考生理解主旨要义、具体信息、概念性含义，进行有关的判断、推理和引申，根据上下文推测生词的词义等能力。

要求考生根据所提供的4篇（总长度约为1600词）文章的内容，从每题所给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案。

考生在答题卡1上作答。

B节（5小题）：主要考查考生对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征以及文章结构的理解。

本部分有3种备选题型。

每次考试从这3种备选题型中选择一种进行考查。

考生在答题卡1上作答。

备选题型有：1）本部分的内容是一篇总长度为500~600词的文章，其中有5段空白，文章后有6~7段文字。

要求考生根据文章内容从这6~7段文字中选择能分别放进文章中5个空白处的5段。

2）在一篇长度约500~600词的文章中，各段落的原有顺序已被打乱，要求考生根据文章的内容和结构将所列段落（7~8个）重新排序，其中有2~3个段落在文章中的位置已给出。

2010年中级英语考试试卷(答案)

2010年中级任职资格外语考试试卷英语（120分钟内完成）单位：姓名：一、阅读理解（每题3分，共30分）短文1（15分）A microphone is a device for changing sound into electrical signals. These signals can then be broadcast through the air or sent over wires to distants points where they can be changed back into sound again.Radio and television stations use microphones to pick up the sounds they want to broadcast. Microphones serve a similar purpose in public address systems and in making sound recordings and the sound portion of motion pictures. Telephones also use microphones for transmission.Microphones can be divided into two groups,according to how they respond to sound waves.These groups are the pressure-type microphones and velocity-type microphones.Pressure-type microphones include the condenser or capacity microphone, the moving coil or dynamic microphone, the crystal microphone,and the carbon microphone. In the condenser microphone, the vibrating diaphragm changes the capacitance of a condenser. The moving coil microphone works just opposite to the way a loudspeaker works. In the crystal microphone, the vibrating diaphragm twists a piezoelectric crystal,producing an electric current. A carbon microphoneworks like a telephone transmitter.The velocity-type of microphone has a light ribbon of aluminum foil loosely held in a strong magnetic field. Sound waves make the ribbon vibrate. The movement of the ribbon in the magnetic field generates varying amounts of current in the ribbon. This produces an electric signal.Microphones have been developed for many uses.Broadcasters and entertainers often wear personal microphones called lavalier or lapel microphones. Wireless microphones have been developed so that entertainers can be free to move about the stage without worrying about tripping over wires.Several people have been credited with the invention of the microphone, including the American inventor Thomas Alva Edison. The first practical microphone, however,was invented in 1878 by David Edward Hughes of the United Stales. Other inventors who contributed to the invention of the microphone include Emile Berliner, Philip Reis,Francis Blake,and Henry Hunnings.Questions:1.Sound can be changed into electrical signals by a ( C ).A)radioB)televisionC)microphoneD)loudspeaker2.Microphones can be used in( D ).A)radio and television stationsB)public address systemsC)telephoneD)all of the above3.Which of the following statement is NOT true?( B )A)There are two categories of microphones.B)Electrical signals cause the vibrations of the diaphragm.C)The working principles of a moving coil microphpne and a loudspeaker arecompletely different.D)A telephone transmitter is similar to a carbon microphone4.Which of the following microphones are most suitable for people who wantto move freely?( B ).A)Personal microphones B)Wireless microphonesC)Dynamic microphones D)Unidirectional microphones5.Who was responsible for the invention of the first practical microphone?( C ).A)Several peopleB)Thomas Alva EdisonC)David Edward HughesD)Francis Blake短文2（15分）Some scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings.The noise that affects sea creatures come from a number of human activities.It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions,ocean drilling,and ship engines.Such noises are added to natural sounds. These sounds include the breaking of ice fields,underwater earthquakes,and sounds made by animals themselves.Decibels measured in water are different from those measured on land. A noise of one-hundred-twenty decibles on land causes pain to human ears.In water, a decibel level of one- hundred-ninety-five would have the same effect.Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one-hundred-twenty decibles in oceans.They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales.A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some animals. The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing.This seriously affected the whales’ability to exchange information and find their way.Some of the whales even died.The explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected.Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one-hundred-twenty decibles. They say such a limit is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the oceanQuestions:6. According to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?( C )A)The sound of a car.B)The sound of voices.C)Man-made noise pollution.D)The sound of steps.7. According to the passage, natural sounds include all of the following EXCEPT( B )A)sounds made by animals themselves.B)ocean drilling.C)underwater earthquakes.D)the breaking of ice fields.8. Which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph?( A ).A)The same noise level produces a different effect on land and in the ocean.B)Different places may have different types of noises.C)The decibel is not a suitable unit for measuring underwater noise.D)Different ocean animals may have different reactions to noise.9. Which of the following is true of whales?( D ).A)They won’t be confused by noises.B)They are deaf to noises.C)Their ability to reproduce will be lowered by high-level noises.D)Their hearing will be damaged by high-level noises.10. According to the passage,what will scientists most probably do in the future?( B ).A)They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.B)They will protect animals from harmful noises.C)They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.D)They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.二、英译汉（将下列短文译成汉语，共50分）短文1（28分）Compers are also used to interpret sounds used in underwater detection. Sound waves are sent down from a surface vessel. The strength of the echo is measured, and the results are displayed as a map of the seabed. This method can detect sunken ships and was used to find the Titanic. It has also been employed in the underwater search for the legendary Loch Ness monster in Scotland.Computer imaging is extensiverly used in hospitals to create pictures of the inside of a patient’s body. These reveal internal problems without the need for an operation. High-frequency sound called ultrasonic sound is used to provide pictures of unborn babies inside their mothers. Doctors can check that the baby is developing properly.计算机也用来解释用于水下侦探的声音。

环境工程专业英语期末试卷标准卷

用心整理可以编辑！！放心下载！晓庄学院期末考试试卷（07级环境工程专业2010 ～2011 学年度第一学期）课程名称环境工程专业英语A 卷考试形式闭卷考核类型考试本试卷共六大题，卷面满分100分，答题时间120分钟。

一、请根据缩写写出单词全称：（本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1. VOC ：V olatile Organic Compounds 2. APC ：Air Pollution Control 3. SS ：Suspended Solids 4. COD ：Chemical Oxygen Demand 5. EIA ：Environmental Impact Assessment （评分标准：每小题中单词全部写对，不论大小写，得2分；错一个单词得1分；错两个及以上单词，得0分。

）二、请写出下列术语的英文表达：（本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1. 城市污水：municipal wastewater 2. 废水处理：wastewater disposal 3. 沉降池:sedimentation tank 4. 消毒:disinfection 5. 絮凝作用:flocculation（评分标准：每小题中所用单词意思基本吻合，单词拼写正确，且单词词态正确，得2分；错一个单词得1分；错两个及以上单词，得0分。

）三、请根据下列英文解释写出相应的英文词汇：（本题共4小题，每题2分，共10分）1. The physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us. Environment2. A natural gas which is formed from decaying matter and burns easily,sometimes causes explosions in mines. Methane3. Too many people in a given area,too high a population density. Overpopulation4. The process by which water passes through a membrane that is impermeableto dissolved ions. Osmosis5. A kind of chemical which can speed up/down a chemical reaction rate. Catalyst（评分标准：每小题中所用单词意思基本吻合，单词拼写正确，且单词词态正确，得2分；否则得0分。

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