2020年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案(10)
2020年12月英语四级考试真题及答案(图片版)
2020年12月英语四级考试真题及答案（图片版）四级作文参考范文：大学里最难忘的课When talking about the course which impresses me the most, I will certainly choose Basic Chemical Experiment. As astudent of science, I am always fascinated with the magic in test tubes, and from this course I gained more than pure knowledge.To begin with, this course provides us opportunities toput theories into practices. The experiments helped ustestify and better understand what we have learned in books. Besides, by designing experimental procedures of own, we became more flexible and innovative.Moreover, I also developed other skills that required outside labs through this course. For example, to be focused and careful when proceeding a task, to be patient and calm when facing failures, and to communicate properly when you need someone else to cooperate. These can be very valuable assets to your life.Basic Chemical Experiment influenced me not only on academic field but also on daily affairs, therefore it’s the most impressing course to me.四级作文参考范文：使你受益最深的校园活动University is a place that provides a number ofinteresting activities to enrich our life on campus. In thetwo years, I have attended a couple of activities such as football club and reading society. The most benefited one popping into my mind is the sports meeting last month.First of all, sports meeting offers a great opportunityto draw students’ attention from busy studies to the sports field. As students, most of our time is killed in the classroom and library. However, doing sports could be seen as a relaxing ingredient in tedious study life.Secondly, as a member of football club, I attended the football game that day. I enjoyed the feeling of being united. During the game, we encouraged each other when we felt frustrated; we cheered for each other when we scored a goal. All these taught me to be more and more team-oriented.Lastly, doing sports benefits to our physical health. Increasingly sedentary lifestyle causes laziness andpossibility of obesity. Therefore, this sports meeting on campus mobilized our students to enjoy the fun of sports.This is the campus activity that has benefited not onlyme but also most of the students.四级作文参考范文：对你影响的同学Rose is my roommate, classmate and my best friend in my college. She has a round face and a little plump. One can always find a nice smile on her face, which reflects her amiable and pleasant character. Our friendship attributes to her great influence on me.In terms of study, she is good at English, while Englishis not my cup of tea. When I am confused about teacher’s explanation of texts, she always interprets them to me in an explicit way. I really appreciate her help. Besides, she also imparts me a few language learning tips and recommendations which arouse my learning interest.In addition, in the leisure time, she helps me a lot as well. Because I am not the local student and my hometown isfar away from here, sometimes I feel homesick. However, I always have Rose on my side. Her accompany gives me great comfort.I feel so lucky that I could have such a good friend, who teaches me and help me in my study and leisure life, so sheis the classmate that has influenced me most in college.答案：36. N. survey37. O. traces38. I. products39. K. released40. J. ranging41. M. simple42. H. necessarily43. L. shocked44. C. belong45. B. average点评：本次选词填空是一篇关于日常生活化学污染的文章。
2020年12月大学英语四级考试试题+答案
工作计划怎么写一、工作计划的概念工作计划是指机关、团体、企事业单位的各级机构,对定时期的工作预先作出安排和打算时所使用的文种。
工作计划是行政活动中使用范围很广的重要公文,也是应用写作的一个重头戏。
二、工作计划的特点(一)严肃性。
工作计划作为机关团体和企事业单位对工作的规划安排,往往会受到高度重视,因此工作计划的严肃性不可或缺。
(二)方向性、指导性。
工作计划往往是对本机关、本单位的发展或者工作的要点指明了方向,具有很强的指导性。
(三)战略性。
工作计划往往是机关单位发展战略的集中体现。
(四)科学性和可行性。
相关机关单位在制订工作计划的时候,往往要经过充分的论证和讨论,这就决定了工作计划先天的科学性和可行性特点。
三、工作计划的分类工作计划的分类多种多样,大致可以按照紧急程度、时间、制订计划的主体和任务的类型四个方面来分。
(一)工作计划按紧急程度可分为正常的、紧急的、非常紧急的工作计划。
(二)工作计划按时间的长短可分为长期工作计划、中期工作计划和短期工作计划,或者是年度工作计划、季度工作计划、月工作计划和周工作计划。
(三)工作计划按制订计划的主体可以分为自己制订的工作计划、上司下达的工作计划或者是同等职位请求协助完成的工作计划。
(四)工作计划按任务的类型可分为日常的、计划的和临时的工作计划。
四、工作计划的写作格式工作计划的写作格式包括开头、主体和结尾三部分。
(一)开头。
工作计划的开头一般都是阐述依据、概述情况或者是直述目的,要求简明扼要。
(二)主体。
主体是计划的核心内容,一般都采用“并列式结构”的写法,主要是阐述目标、任务、要求和措施办法等内容,要求既统筹全面,又突出重点、清楚明了。
(三)结尾。
工作计划的结尾可要可不要,如果写了就要突出重点、强调有关事项或者是提出简短号召。
五、工作计划的注意事项工作计划的写作要遵循以下五条原则。
(一)切实可行的原则。
工作计划的目标、任务、标准等要以实际情况为依据,既不要因循守旧,也不要盲目冒进。
12月CET4模拟试卷及答案
12月CET4模拟试卷及答案12月CET4模拟试卷及答案篇1professor kumar bhatt, founder and head of warwick manufacturing group(wmg), and rob meakin, a personnel director at marconi, have developed a partnership to train engineers and managers to becomee-literate. the new knowledge partnership will include a team of 40 marconi managers in what professor bhatt calls electronic engineering management or e2. a wide range of engineering and non-engineering companies has expressed interest in these exciting programs.professor bhatt believes that e-commerce is changing the business environment to a huge extent. many chief executives do not understand the power of the new technologies and, in some cases, are actually resisting change. he says that “as long as enough industry leaders realize its potential benefits, e-businesswill make possible a second productivity revolution in britain. this could take the economy close to eliminating the still substantial competitiveness gap with its main rivals. over the last five years in the us there has been a 30% improvement in manufacturing sector productivity because of information technology. in britain we can achieve more than that and successful e-business will be worth billions to the uk economy.”already britain makes more use of computer-aided design and manufacture (cad/cam) and management information technology systems than other european countries, and has a government that actively promotes e-business. but, observes professor bhatt, britain has never used technology as a growth driver. “the thing about electronic engineering management is that you can keep your legacy systems; you just need tolink those systems with an information engine. at the touch of a buttonit will allow project managers to see the status of a project, identify problems precisely and make virtually immediate decisions based on information that will be much more complete than in the past.”the e2 program is the result of an alliance by the warwick manufacturing group with america’s leading e-commerce studycenter,carnegie mellon. the latter will be responsible for training many of the marconi managers in america, where the group has half its business. in britain, professor bhatt has linked up with sun microsystems, oracle and parametric technology, to set up amulti-million pound e2 design and manufacturing center at theuniversity which will be used for training and research.professor bhatt believes that e-commerce is changing business tosuch an extent that wmg is likely to be renamed warwick electronicmanufacturing group. but, he warns “the move to globalize because ofe-commerce is racing ahead. although the net allows british industryto overtake their european peers, it also offers asian countries toleapfrog(相互超越) the west. for the first time it is not the privilegeof the western world because this technology is universal.”a) they do not understand a possible second productivity revolution in britain.d) they sometimes are against the change resulted from new technologies.23.according to the passage, what do you know about e-business in britain?d) e-business has great potential and will make changes in the country.a) britain can be competitive to us in the area of information technology.b) britain has already taken the advantages of running engineering management.c) as with many other european countries, britain has made use of computer-aided systems.d) e-commerce has offered opportunities to european countries to eliminate the competitiveness gap with all the rivals.a)britain is going to catch up with all other european countries in the field of electronic engineering managementc)the e-commerce has offered asian countries the chance to overtake britain and the rest of europeemotional maturity means knowing that another person cannot fill up the hole in your heart. that is your responsibility. you need to love and affirm yourself day-by-day, moment-by-moment. that is the spiritual challenge of your life and everybody’s life. without your love for yourself, nothing works. no amount of love from your partner is enough. the search for love from other people is like the alcoholic’s search forhappiness in a bottle. the more he drinks, the less satisfied he feels and the more he wants to drink.we are all addicted to falling in love. but after we’ve “fallen” a few times and broken our emotional bones, we hopefully wise up a bit. we know that the high of falling in love is not going to last. we know that sooner or later we will have to get real with each other. that is the difference between romance and partnership. romance is an attempt tokeep the addiction going. it has a very short half-life. partnership is the dance of two ordinary people learning to live together day by day.it is a very challenging school that we enroll in. it is sometimes a lot more work than play. and it certainly requires a lot more psychological adjustment than years of therapy! we don’t just graduate from this school in a year or two. it takes many years, perhaps even a lifetime,for us to master the curriculum. your partners are imperfect human beings, just like you. they were not the “wrong” partners any morethan you were. probably, they reflected your own level of realism and emotional maturity. that’s usually the way it works. so don’t wasteyour time thinking you simply made some bad choices. the only bad choice you made was forgetting who has the full time job loving you. i knowthat you know who this is !we keep remembering that they are not perfect, nor we are. love isnot a game of perfection. it is a game of overwhelming imperfection.the amazing thing is that love survives all of our mistaken attempts to control our partners and our relationships.d) love lies in the maturity of emotion which is essential to a partnership or relationship27.which of the following statements is true according to the passage?b) as long as we are emotionally mature, we can always enjoy the high of falling in love.c) love doesn’t die even if we make wrong attempts to control our partners.a) the more we try to control our partners and relationships, the better we can enjoy loveb) the more frequently we fall in love, the more intelligent we’ll bec) the more emotionally mature a couple are, the more harmonious they will live29.by saying “they were not the ‘wrong’ partners any more than you were.”(para 3), the author means ___.b) in some partnership or relationship, he or she tries to control the other.c) through psychological adjustment and therapy, one will feel satisfied with love.d) partnership is a school from which it is not easy for us to graduate.in a growing number of conflicts around the world, one or both sides attempt to label the other as “terrorist” in an effort to win support for their own causes. yet as the so-called “terrorists group” often proclaim, a clear distinction between a terrorist action and a non-terrorist military operation is frequently difficult to establish. most governments argue that terrorism is defined by violent methods to achieve political ends which are undertaken by organizations not recognized bythe world community as legitimate representatives of a nation; furthermore, random acts of violence, like attacks on school buses or shopping centers, are labeled as “terrorist”. political organization as the ira(irishrepublican army) and the plo (palestine liberation organization) have been dubbed(称为) “terrorists”, by the governments of england and israel because of their tactics and their non-official statuses as representatives of accurately defined nations. in the case of the plo, however, its election to power under yasser arafat has now confused its former recognition as terrorist. even the ira is earning status as an authentic opposition voice to the continued presence of british troops on irish soil.all this simply highlights the problems of separating what is a legitimate political organization with “the right” to employ violence to achieve political ends from so-called terrorist groups. inseparable from this issue is historical precedence(地位先后) and the degree of power and prestige an organization or nation has on the world stage. for example, while most independent observes would agree that the ira setting off a bomb in a london subway station confirms its notoriety, they would be less certain that israel’s recent bombing of a refugee camp is equally “terrorist”, despite the fact that many more innocent people were killed and injured in the latter incident than in the former. this raises the question, though certainly not for the first time, whether legitimate, even democratically elected, governments are also capable of terrorist action. is there always a clear moral distinction between the behavior of normally respected nations and that of “rogue”(流氓) organizations? what does seem clear from these reflections is not that terrorist actions are in any way justified, but that the use of such labels is sometimes based on a political needrather than on superior moral or ethical grounds.a) non-official status of a political organization involves terrorist suspicion.it is curious how much one despises and condemns the vices which one does not happen to possess. i am indeed not a severe man, nor would i permit myself to become intolerant of those failings which i share with others. but, having no particular temptation to be untruthful, i find myself believing that when one comes to think of it, truth is the major virtue and lying the most blameworthy of all the vices.i should like, therefore, to get my mind a little clearer on the truth question. i flatter myself, as i have said, that i am a truthful man: a man who, when he tells a lie, is careful not to forget that he has done so, andwho takes infinite precautions to prevent his being found out. this, in the end, is the only test by which you can distinguish the liar from the man of truth. the latter which is bothered by untruthfulness, is worried and anxious. the real liar, however, is merely amused: he doesn’t mind in the least even if he is subsequently exposed: he regards the truthful man as somewhat of a fool.but this surely is one of the many false statements with which the real liar will try hard to idealize his failing. it may be inevitabe and even just to tell lies, but it cannot seriously be argued that such habits are intelligent. a lie is always an act of mental cowardice, whereas intelligence is brave. and yet there was bismarck, and yet there was napoleon-surely intelligent man, and surely liars. the problem, therefore, is not so simple as it seems. it was simple enough, in those old days, to define with approximate accuracy when a given statement ceased to be the truth and became a lie. the essential test was whether the maker of a false statement knew that he was saying something false, and consciously wished his audience to accept, and to remain under, this false impression. life in civilized communities is a process of adjusting the personal to the social, of conforming the individual impression to the joint impressions of the common people. this process of adjustment leads inevitably and rightly to a certain unconscious deception. absolute truth, whether unconscious or even conscious, is thus impossible. it is to relative truth only that we can hope to aspire.a) a person shows strong disapproval of the vices an individual doesn’t havec) one may be tempted to untruthfulness when one comes to think of itd) untruthfulness is a serious fault of character which he condemns strongly38.the essential distinction between a truthful person and a liar lies in the fact that ___.b) the latter takes great care to hinder his untruths from being exposedc) the former is willing to confess his untruthfulness when he tells a liec) argue that their habits of telling lies are intelligent rather than foolishb) in modern society, nobody can escape the risk of making a false statement, intentionally or unintentionallydirections:there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence there are four choices marked a), b), c) and d). choose the one that best completes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.41.a great deal of ___ for our success should go to michael lee, head of our team.42.they question whether a fair way can be ___ to tell which employees really perform better than their fellow employees.43.the report indicates that it is financially ___ to build a water power station in the area.44.somehow she felt that she herself had to some extent been the cause of all the trouble,and suffered___.45.the gas company ___ a leak in the main line and evacuated all the tenants of the building.46.at the 27th olympic games she ___ two gold and one silver medals in the track and field events.47.more than 790,000 youths were reported to have____the national master’s entrance examination last year.48.as a general rule, people with a great deal of ___ often have admiring friends and bitter enemies.49.after she gave birth to a child, she was ___ to go back to work in order to make the ends meet.50.that football club tried to ___ the famous player with offers of a tremendous sum of money.51.many animal can ___ with their surroundings because of their protective coloring.52.the strange phenomenon has ___ and puzzled many scientists for more a century.53.as we all know, the same gestures may have different ___ which vary from one culture to another.54.with the advent of pc and home-information systems, we’ll one day be able to ___ most business dealings from home.55.it was an awful accident. i wonder how you managed to ___ without a scratch.56.this difficult problem we face in the project has to be tackled before we can ___ to others.57.while most scientists agree that the greenhouse effect is coming, there are not enough data yet to say with absolute ___ what its consequences will be.58.it is a___that in such a rich and prosperous country there should be so many poverty-stricken people.59.it’s a well-known fact that truth will in the end ___ over falsehood, and right over wrong.60.we can’t choose whether we will pay income tax or not, for payment of income tax is ___.61.it’s generally agreed that fluctuations in birth rate are ___ to a number of economic factors.62.it’s always better to ___ a problem before it arises than to search for a solution to it afterwards.63.it takes tremendous courage to ___ a belief that is not shared by many others.64.as a good employer, he knows how to make full use of the ___ of his employees’ talents and abilities.65.over the years jazz has changed and developed but it has essentially ___ its fundamental characteristics.66.economics is a subject that ___ all people’s lives whether they are conscious of it or not.67.when one gets a good ___ into a problem, he will usually find a way to approach it or solve it.68.she cares much about other people’s opinions about her and is particularly ___ to personal criticisms.69.my secretary has typed out the first___of the report,but i must revise it before i submit to the conference.70.they reported the loss in the financial fraud and gave all the necessary ___ to the police.directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic economic development and moral decline. you should write at least 150 words and you should base your compositiononthe outline (given in chinese) below:这是一篇议论文。
2020年英语模拟四参考答案
英语模拟四参考答案一、1--5 CCBAA6—10 BAACB 11—15 BABCB16--20 DACBE二、21--25 DCBBA 26--30 BCABD 31--35 CDBCD36--40 CEADB三、41—45 ADBCB 46—50 DAADC 51—55 BABDC四、第一节56.waited57.handing58.but59.what60.them61.answers62. about63.silently64.problems65.given第二节66.my 67.and 68. up 69.the 70. as五、71. How is everything going?/How are you?72.Well, why did you go there?/What did you do there?73. You are always the best./You’re good at it.74. Whose poem did you read?75. It was educational.（言之有理，即可得分。
）六、The best view I’ve seenIf you look closely to life, you will find beautiful views in our life everywhere. Today I want to share the best view I’ve seen with you.That was a hot day. I saw two kids giving bottled water to passers-by on the roadside. I was wondering if they were selling bottled water to earn money. Then their mother came up and explained they were teaching their children to give without asking anything in return. Those who received water all gave the kids a big smile, saying thanks to them.The busy figures and kind smiles of the mother and her kids on that hot day were the best view I’ve seen. It is them who taught me to show my kindness to people around, hoping our world become more beautiful.听力材料一、听力理解第一节：听下面5段对话。
2020年12月大学英语四级考试预测试题
2020年12月大学英语四级考试预测试题Section ADirections： In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.根据以下资料，回答1-10题：The poll of 2,000 adults in England was(36)__________out as part of the government’s drive to curb people’s drinking habits．The campaign also stresses that a heavy drinking session is often(37)__________by an unhealthy breakfast，which again helps to pile on the pounds．The Know Your Limits campaign has in the past focused on other(38)__________0f drinking，such as di sease risk．But to(39)__________with the focus on weight，the DepaIhiient of Health carried out research showing a regular beer drinker,who downed(喝)five pints a week or 250 overthe(40)__________of a year,packed away the same number of calories as someone eating 22 1 doughnuts over the space of 1 2 months．It also revealed the average wine drinker consumed 2,000 calories each month．over the course of a year,that isthe(41)__________ofeating all extra 38 roast beefdinners．Health minister Phil Hope said，“Regu larly drinking more than our(42)__________daily limits can have a knock-on effect on our health，including an expanding waistline．“It’s not only the calories in the drinks themselves that can help to pile on the pounds，we’re alsomore(43)__________to eat fatty foods when we’ve had one too many．”Heather Caswell，of the British Nutrition Foundation，added，“Most people would baulk(犹豫)at consuming a full glass of single cream，but wouldn’t minl(44)__________about a couple ofpints．”“But the calorie conte nt is similar and，over time，excess alcohol intake is likely to lead to weight gain．”And a spokesman for the Drinkaware Trust added：“It’s(45)__________we are in the know when it comes to what we are drinking．”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2020年英语四级作文模拟试题及答案(卷十)
2020年英语四级作文模拟试题及答案（卷十）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic The Prevalence of Western Holidays. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1) 中国传统节日受到冷遇，西方节日却日益升温;2) 形成这种现象的原因;3) 你对这种现象的态度。
参考范文：The Prevalence of Western HolidaysIt is noticeable that western holidays are becoming increasingly popular day by day, while Chinese traditional holidays are being somewhat neglected. Old people often complain that Chinese New Year has lost its real meaning. To their astonishment, young people in China who are ignorant about Chinese traditional holidays are crazy about Christmas or Valentine’s Day.There are several possible reasons for this phenomenon. First, western nations, such as the United States and Britain, are powerful and dominant in every aspect. Everything in these countries is assumed to be superior and adored by some modern young people. Second, the prevalence of English as a world language and the development of globalization enable western culture to prevail in China. Overwhelmed by such a trend, Chinese unconsciously get involved in western culture. Last but not least, some Chinese people have blind faith in foreign thingswhile miss our own possessions with contempt.I am critical of this trend. China boasts a brilliant history and splendid traditions. In modern times, Chinese tradition should be preserved and promoted. But it seems that young people no longer treasure the traditions. On the contrary, they turn to pursue enthusiastically a supposedly more modern culture. If this trend is allowed to continue, the priceless heritage of our ancestors will be replaced by western traditions. Nobody expects such a consequence. So let’s join hand in hand to protect Chinese tradition, especially traditional holidays.1. 作文题目：论校园里的金钱挥霍Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Extravagant Spending on College Campus. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline below:1) 很多大学生每月的花销越来越高，根本没有节俭的概念，2) 分析产生这一现象的原因，3) 我的看法。
2020年12月英语四级真题及参考答案-三套全
2020年12月英语四级真题及参考答案-三套全2020 年12 月四级真题及答案（全3 套）四级写作第一套Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the change of communication. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.With the development of science and technology, we have witnessed the various huge changes of our daily life, among which, the change of communication is striking. However, people’s view on it never come to consensus.Concerning it, both communication online and offline have their merits.For one thing, no one denies that communication online brings great convenience to us, especially to those who have friends or relatives in remote areas. Because the change makes it possible for them to have frequent chat. And, the way we contact with others is diverse. Video calls and voice message can both meet modern people’s satisfaction. For another, the change is also making us disconnected. Due to the availability, people are gradually reluctant to have face-to-face communication with surrounding people, which is isolating us from the people we love.Given the factors above, the change of communication, we have to admit, is more like a double-edged sword. Neither do we discard it nor completely rely on it. Instead, we should make reasonable use of it so as to maximize its benefits.随着科学技术的发展，我们见证了我们日常生活中的各种巨大变化，其中沟通方式的变化是引人注目的。
2020年12月大学英语四级考试模拟题
xx年12月大学英语四级考试模拟题xx年12月大学英语四级考试模拟题Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize thesefacts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for implementing the finding of science.Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each.Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to prehend the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of auracy and certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people's likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover may shock or anger people-as did Darwin's theory of evolution. But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of refusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft flying overhead; we do not have the option of refusing to breathe polluted air; and we do not have the option of living in a non-atomic age. Unlike science progress, technology must be measured in terms of the human factor. The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves.Technology must be humanistic if it is to lead to a better world.21. The difference between science and technology lies in that _____.A) the former provides answers to theoretical questions while the latter to practical problemsB) the former seeks to prehend the universe while the latter helps change the material worldC) the former aims to discover the inter-connections of facts and the rules that explain them while the latter, to discover new designs and ways of making the things we use in our daily lifeD) all of the above22. Which of the following may be representative of science?A) The improvement of people's life.B) The theory of people's life.C) Farming tools.D) Mass production.23. Aording to the author, scientific theories _____.A) must be strictly objectiveB) usually take into consideration people's likes and dislikesC) should conform to popular opinionsD) always appear in perfect and finished forms24. The author states that technology itself _____.A) is responsible for widespread pollution andresource exhaustionB) should serve those who wish to gain advantage for themselvesC) will lead to a better world if put to wise useD) will inevitably be for bad purpose25. The tone of the author in this passage is _____.A) positiveB) negativeC) factualD) criticalQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Americans have always been ambivalent in their attitudes toward education. On the one hand, free and universal public education was seen as necessary in a democracy, for how else would citizens learn how to govern themselves in a responsible way? On the other hand, America was always a country that offered financial opportunities for which education was not needed: on the road from rags to riches, schooling-beyond the basics of reading, writing, and arithmetic-was an unnecessary detour.Even today, it is still possible for people to achieve financial suess without much education, but the number of situations in which this is possible is decreasing. In today's more plex world, the opportunities for financial suess is closely related to the need for education, especially higher education.Our society is rapidly being one whose chief productis information, and dealing with this information requires more and more specialized education. In other words, we grow up learning more and more about fewer and fewer subjects.In the future, this trend is likely to continue. Tomorrow's world will be even more plex than today's world, and, to manage this plexity, even more specialized education will be needed.26. The topic treated in this passage is _____.A) education in generalB) Americans' attitudesC) higher educationD) American education27. Americans' attitudes toward education have always been _____.A) certain B) contradictoryC) ambitious D) unclear28. Today, financial suess is closely related to the need for _____.A) higher education B) public educationC) responsible citizens D) learning the basics29. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _____.A) information is our only productB) education in the future will be specializedC) we are entering an age of informationD) we are living in an age of information30. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A) The History of American Education.B) The Need for Specialized Education.C) The Future of the American Educational System.D) Attitudes toward American Education.模板,内容仅供参考。
2020年12月大学英语四级考试试题+答案
2020年12月四级试题答案Part II听力1.A)A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.2.C)lt could poses a threat to other marine species.3.B)About half of its city center will be closed to ears.4.A)The rising air pollution in Paris5.B)His houses has burnt down in a fire.6.D)Sell the pearl he had kept for years.7.B)His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.8.A)It boasts a fairly long history.9.C)lt is a family business.10.D)Loss of competitive edge.11.A)Conducting a financial analysis for it.12.D)She is really impressed by the man's house.13.B)From home design magazine.14.C)The cost was affordable.15.B)She wants him to share his renovation experiences with her.16.D)Removing objects from patients' noses and ears. 17.C)Five to nine-year-olds were the most likely to put things in their ears.18.D)They are curious about these body parts.19.B)lt gave her a used bicycle.20.A)Expanding bike-riding lessons.21.B)lt is a charity organization.22.D) How animals deal with lack of gravity.23.A)They were not used to the low-gravity environment. 24.C)They already felt at home in the new environment. 25.B)They behaved as if they were on Earth.二、阅读选词填空：The things people make, and the way they make them, determine how cities grow and decline,and influence how empires rise and fall. So, any disruption to the world’s factories matters.And that disruption is surely coming. Factories are being digitized, filled with new sensors and new computers to make them quicker, more flexible, and more efficient.Robots are breaking free from the cages that sur-round them, learning new skills, and new ways of working. And 3D printers have long promised world where you can make anything, any-where, from a computerized design. That visions moving closer to reality. These forces will lead to cleaner factories, producing better goods at lower prices, personalized to our individual needs and desires. Humans will be spared many of the dirty, repetitive, and dangerous jobs that have long been a feature of factory life.Greater efficiency inevitably means fewer people can do the same work. Yet factory bosses in many developed countries are worried about a lack of skilled human workers - and see automation and robots as a solution.But economist Helena Laurent says this period of rapid change in manufacturing is a fantastic op-opportunity to make the world a better place. “Manufacturing is the one system where you have got the biggest source of innovation, the biggest source of economic growth, and the biggest source of great jobs in the past."you can see it changing. That’s an opportunity to shape that system differently, and if we can, it will have enormous significance."26. K) matters27. G) flexible28. M)promised29.L) moving30.O)spared31.F) feature32. H) inevitably33.A) automation34.D) fantastic35. N) shape段落匹配+仔细阅读：[段落匹配]36. F37. J38.O39. C40.H41.L42.D43.A44.M45.I【仔细阅读】46、CThey did not become popular until the emergence of improved batteries.47、BThe falling prices of bike batteries.48、Dlt will make a difference in people’s daily lives.49、ARetailers' refusal to deal in ebikes.50、DThe younger generation's pursuit of comfortable riding.51、ATo sway public opinion of the impact of human activities on Earth.52、Cit covers more phenomena53、DDeliberate choice of words54、BFor political findings55、CHuman activities have serious effects on Earth.阅读第二套[阅读第二套]选词填空26.C essential27.M suspicion28.G miserable29.A constantly30.O watching31.Jrecords32.K removed33.F load34.l prpperly35.H pressure段落匹配36、HSome San Jose residents ...37、DThe reasons kids in San Jose...38、Kthe idea that those at the bottom can rise to the top ...39、Bindeed, data suggests that this is one of the best place...40、Gthe Chetty data shows that neighborhoods and places mattered ...41、lleaders in San Jose are determined to make sure that...42、Eindeed, the streets of San Joe seem,43、CBy contrast, just 4.4 percent of poor kids...44、HSome San Joes residents say that as ...45、FBut researchers aren't sure exactly why poor kidskin...仔细阅读46.DThey lack the necessary resources to address pupil’s mental problems.47.AThey have deteriorated due to budget cuts.48.BAt school.49.CStudents are more comfortable seeking counsel-ling in school.50.DA change in conception of what schools are.51.ATo illustrate people's peculiar shopping be-haviour.52.DTo make customers believe they are getting a bargain.53.BThe economist's print attract more consumers.54.CTo trap customers into buying the more pricey item.55.BBy comparing it with other choices.阅读第三套[阅读第三套]选词填空26.B constant27.G negative28.K repeatedly29.L rewarded30.C disappointing31.H outcome32.I pattern33.D distinguish34.N simply35.O undertaken段落匹配36.EThe comment, says37.HBut the fact that 4 in 10 ...38.MAccording to the General Social Survey...39.JThe frameworks institute...40.Dlf these are the central characters of our story about poverty...41.FHow many of us are poor in. ...42.N "Poverty has been interchangeable with people of color"...43.INegative images remain of who is living in poverty...44.CTodays' faces of income inequality and lack of opportunity ...45.LThose external factors include ...仔细阅读46.AWhen they don't have the chance to do what they want.47.DHarmful conduct48.BMany volunteers choose to hurt themselves rather than endure boredom49.CIt may promote creative thinking.50.DAllow oneself some time to be bored.51.BForests are fast shrinking in many developing countries.52.CThose that used to have the lowest forest cover-age.53.AThe government's advocacy.54.CTheir capability of improving air quality.55.DDeveloped and developing countries are moving in opposite directions.三、翻译团圆饭春节前夕吃团圆饭是中国人的传统。
2020年12月份英语四级考试试题含答案
2020年12月份英语四级考试试题含答案听力原文：1. C) Herclaim has been completely disregarded.2. A)The ground floor of their cottage was flooded.3. D) Thewoman’s failure to pay her house insurance in time.4. A) Filea lawsuit against the insurance company.5. B) Theydisagree about the future of AI technology.6. C) Lesstime-consuming and focusing on creation.7. B) Digitallife could be replace human civilization.8. D) Itwill be smarter than human beings.9. B) Saveone fifth of their net monthly income.10. A)Start by doing something small.11. C) Aproper mindset.12. B) Shefound her outfit inappropriate.13. A) Tosave the trouble of choosing a unique outfit every day.14. C) Itmatters a lot in jobs involving interaction with others.15 D) Dowhatever is possible to look smart.16. A) Theirobsession with consumption.17. B) Thingsthat cost less money.18. A) They serve multiple purposes.19. C) Over 10% of the respondents lied about the distancethey drove.20. C) Theywanted to protect their reputation.21.B) They seem intuitive.22. D)Older people's aversion to new music.23 A)They no longer listen to new music.24.D) The more you experience sth, the better you'll appreciate it.25.D) Teenagers are much more sentimental.Conversation11. C) Herclaim has been completely disregarded.听力原文：I'm getting a little fed up with my calls about my claim beingcompletely disregarded.考点：视听一致2. A) Theground floor of their cottage was flooded.听力原文：The entire ground floor of our cottage was submerged in water.考点：视听一致3. D) Thewoman’s failure to pay her house insurance in time.听力原文：the bizarre technical detail that you mentioned refers to the fact thatyou hadn't paid house insurance the month before the incident考点：视听一致+同义替换4. A) Filea lawsuit against the insurance company.听力原文：and that your company has a lawsuit on its hand. You will be hearing frommy lawyer 考点：视听一致M: Goodmorning, safe house insurance. My name is Paul. How can I help you today?W: Morning? I wouldn't say that it's a good from where I am standing.This is Ms. Wilson, and this is the third time I've called this week sincereceiving your letter about our insurance claim. (1) I'm getting a littlefed up with my calls about my claim being completely disregarded.M: Ms. Wilson, thank you for calling back. Can I take some details tohelp me look at your claim? W: It's Ms. May Wilson of 15 South sea road in Cornwall. And the detailsare that our village was extensively flooded two months ago. (2) The entireground floor of our cottage was submerged in water. And five of us havebeen living in a caravan ever since. Youpeople are still with holding the money we are entitled to over a bizarretechnical detail and it's not acceptable, Paul.M: Ms. Wilson, according to the notes on your account, (2) the bizarretechnical detail that you mentioned refers to the fact that you hadn't paidhouse insurance the month before the incident. W: That money left our account. And now that you should be paying out,you are suddenly saying that you didn't receive it on time. I'm reallyskeptical about this claim.M: Thecontract does say that any missed payment in a year will affect the terms andconditions of the insurance contract and may affect claims. Of course, I canpause you onto my manager to talk to you more about this.W: I've already spoken to him and you can tell him I'm furious now,andthat your company has a lawsuit on it hand. You will be hearing from my lawyer.Goodbye.1. What is the womancomplaining about?2. What is theproblem the woman's family encountered?3. What has caused theso-called bizarre technical detail according to the man?4. What's woman say she willdo at the end of the conversation?Conversation25. B) Theydisagree about the future of AI technology.听力原文：W: How doyou feel about the future of the artificial intelligence.Personally, I feelquite optimistic about it.M: AI, I'm not so optimistic actually.考点：同义替换6. C) Lesstime-consuming and focusing on creation.听力原文：which would require less of our time and allow us to be centered oncreative tasks考点：视听一致+同义替换7. B) Digitallife could be replace human civilization.听力原文：There's a risk that human civilization could be replaced by a superiortype of digital life 考点：视听一致8. D) Itwill be smarter than human beings.Once it'sfully developed, AI will become tired of trying to communicate with humans aswe would be much slower thinkers in comparison考点：同义替换W: How doyou feel about the future of the artificial intelligence. (5)Personally, Ifeel quite optimistic about it.M: AI, I'm not so optimistic actually. In fact, it's something weshould be concerned about.W: Well, it will help us humans understand ourselves better. And when wehave a better understanding of ourselves, we can improve world.M: Well,one thing is for sure, technology is evolving faster than our ability tounderstand it. And in the future AI will make jobs kind of pointless.W: I think artificial intelligence will actually help create new kinds ofjobs, (6) which would require less of our time and allow us to be centeredon creative tasks.M: I doubt that very much. Probably the last job that will remain will bewriting AI software. And then eventually AI will just write its own software.W: At that time we are going to have a lot of jobs, which nobody willwant to do. So we will need artificial intelligence for the robots to take careof the old guys like us.M: I don't know. (7) There's a risk that human civilization could be replacedby a superior type of digital life. AI will be able to completely simulatea person in every way possible. In fact, some people think we're in asimulation right now.W: That's impossible. Humans can't even make a mosquito. Computers only have chips. People have brains.And that's where the wisdom comes from.M: (8) Once it's fully developed, AI will become tired of trying tocommunicate with humans as we would be much slower thinkers in comparison.W: Well, I'm not so sure. A computer is a computer and a computer is justa toy.M: Computers can easily communicate incredibly fast. So the computer willjust get impatient talking to humans. It'll be barely getting any informationout.W: Well, I believe there's a benevolent future with AI. I also think youwatch too many science-fiction films.Q5: What did we learn about the speakers from the conversation?Q6: Whatwill new kinds of jobs be like according to the woman?Q7: What is the risk the mananticipates?Q8: What is the man's concernabout AI technology?PASSAGE 1To achieve financial security, how much yousave is always more important than the amount you earn or how shrewdly youinvest. If you're under 30 years old, (9) your goal should be to save 20% ofyour monthly income after tax deductions. This is irrespective of how muchyou earnapproximately 50% should be reserved for essentials like food andaccommodation.The remaining 30% is for recreation andentertainment, but for many young people, it will be difficult to designatesuch a large proportion of the income for savings. If you find it hard to saveany money at all, (10) start by cutting all unnecessary spending, allocatethe tiny amount of one or 2% for savings and gradually increase that amount.Always keep that 20% goal in mind, preventyourself from becoming complacent. It can be challenging to stick to such astrict plan, but if you adopt the right mindset, you should be able tomake it work for you. So what should you be doing with the money that you aresaving? Some must be (11) kept easily accessible in case you need some cashin an emergency.The lodge has proportion should be investedin retirement plans. Either through your employer or privately, and you can keepsome money for high risk, but potentially lucrative investments. Dividends canbe reinvested or use to purchase something you like. Byfollowing this plan, you should hopefully be able to enjoy your life nowand still be financially secure in the future.Q9: What are people under 30 advise to do, toachieve financial security?Q10: What should people do if they find itdifficult to follow the speaker's advice on their financial plan?Q11: What does the speaker think is importantfor achieving financial security?PASSAGE 2I work in advertising and I like to keep upwith current trends mainly because I'm aware that we live in an image obsessedworld. However, when I first started my job, occasionally I'd catch a glimpseof obniol in the lifts and find youdao myself thinking (12) that I looked atotal mess. Was I being held back by my choice of clothing?Theshort answer is yes, especially when clients are quick to judge you on yourstyle rather than your work. (13) But no one can be unique with their outfitevery day. I mean, that's why uniforms were invented. So here's what I did.I created my own uniform. To do this, I chose an appropriate outfit. Then Ibought multiple items of the same style in different shades.NowI never worry about what I'm wearing in the morning, even if I do get a bittired of just wearing the same classic pieces. Overall, when it comes to work,you have to ask yourself: (14) Will looking smarter enhance my ability to domy job? For some, this question may not be an issue at all. Especially ifyou work remotely and rarely see your colleagues or clients face to face, butif your job involves interacting with other people, the answer to thisis often yes.Sorather than fighting the system, I think we should just (15) do whateverhelps us to achieve our goals at work. If that means playing it safe withyour image, then let's face it. It's probably worth it.Q12: What do we learn about the speaker whenshe first started her job?Q13:Why were uniforms invented according to the speaker?Q14: Whatdoes the Loinbo say about looking smarter?Q15: Whatdoes the speaker advise people to do in an image obsessed world?LECTURE 116.A) Their obsession with consumption.听力原文：This phenomenon has resulted in significant credit carddebt, enormous environmental footprints. And perhaps notcoincidentally or happiness levels have failed to increase over the same halfcentury.考点：同义替换17. B) Thingsthat cost less money.听力原文：I propose the less staff and less space can not only helpyou economize, but also simplify your life. I immediately saved $200,000. Smallerspace leads to reduced utility bills and also asmaller carbon footprint.考点：同义替换18. A) They serve multiple purposes.听力原文：Finally, we need multi-functional spaces in housewares.考点：视听一致+同义替换Did you knowthat Americans were approximately three times the amount of space we had 50years ago. Therefore, you'd think would have sufficient room for all of ourpossessions on the country. The postal storage business is now a growingindustry. We've got triple the space, but we've become such enthusiasticconsumers that we require even more. (16) This phenomenon has resulted insignificant credit card debt, enormous environmental footprints. And perhapsnot coincidentally or happiness levels have failed to increase over the samehalf century. I'm here to suggest an alternative that having less mightactually be a preferable decision. Many of us have experienced at some stage,the pleasure of possessing less. (17) I propose the less staff and lessspace can not only help you economize, but also simplify your life. Irecently started an innovative project to discover some creative solutions thatoffered me everything I required, by purchasing an apartment that was 40 squaremeters instead of 60. (17) I immediately saved $200,000. Smaller space leadsto reduced utility bills and also a smaller carbon footprint, because it'sdesigned around an edited collection and possessions limited to my favoritestuff. I'm really excited to live there. How can we live more basically?Firstly, we must ruthlessly cut the unnecessary objects out of our lives. ToSTEM consumption, we should think before we buy and ask ourselves, will ittruly make me happier? Obviously, we should possess some great stuff, but wewant belongings that we're going to love for years.Secondly, we requirespace efficiency. We want appliances that are designed for use most of thetime, not for occasional use. Why own a six-burner stove when you rarely useeven three burners?(19) Finally, we need multi-functional spaces in housewares. I combined amovable wall with transforming furniture to get more out of my limited space,consider my coffee table. It increases in size to accommodate 10. My office istucked away, easily hidden. My bed simply pops out of the wall. For guests, Ican relocate the movable wall and utilize the foldable guest beds I installed.I'm not saying we should all live in tiny apartments, but consider the benefitsof an edited life.When you returnhome and walk through your front door, take a moment to ask yourselves. Could Ido with a little live editing? Would that give me more freedom and more time?16. What hasprevented American's happiness levels from increasing?17. What thingsshould we possess according to the speaker?18. What do welearn about the items in the speaker's home?LECTURE 2Now believe itor not, people sometimes lie in order to maintain a good, honest reputation,even if it hurts them to do so. At least this is what a team of scientists issuggesting with evidence to prove it. Picture this scenario. You often drivefor work and can be compensated for up to 400 miles per month.Most people at your company drive about 300 miles eachmonth. But this month you drove 400 miles. How many miles do you think you'dclaim in your expense report? The scientists asked this exact question as partof the study, we're discussing today with surprising results. Q19 (19) Theyfound that 12% of respondents reported the distance.They drove as less than the actual figure, giving anaverage answer of 384 miles. (19) In other words, they lied about the numberof miles, even though they would forfeit money they were owed. Theresearchers believe this was to seem honest with the assumption being thatothers would be suspicious of a high expense claim, but why would peoplefabricate numbers to their own detriment?The researchers explained that (20) many people care agreat deal about their reputation and how they'll be judged by others. Ifthey care enough, they're concerned about appearing, honest and not losing therespect of others, maybe greater than their desire to actually be honest. Theresearchers assert that the findings suggest that when people obtain veryfavorable outcomes, they anticipate other people's suspicious reactions andprefer lying and appearing honest to telling the truth loinbo and appearing asselfish liars.So why is this research important? Well, experts generallyagree there are two main types of lie, selfish lies, and lies that are meant tobenefit others. The first, as you may predict is for selfish gain such assubmitting a fraudulent claim to an insurance company while the second involveslying to help others or not offend others.For example, telling a friend whose outfit you don't likethat they look great. But the researchersare suggesting a third type of line:line to maintain a good reputation. Now, this hypothesis is new and someskeptics argue that this isn't a whole new category of lie, (21) but thefindings seem intuitive to me. After all, one of the main motivations forlying is to increase our worth in the eyes of others. So it seemshighly likely that people will lie to seem honest.Q19: What did the team of scientists find in this study?Q20: Why would people fabricate numbers to their owndetriment according to the Loinbos？Q21: What does the speaker think of other researcher'sfindings?LECTURE 3Why do old people dislike new music? As I've grown older, Ioften hear people my age say things like they just don't make good music likethey used to. Why does this happen? Luckily, psychology can give us someinsights into this puzzle. Musical tastes begin to crystallize as early as age13 or 14.By the time we're in our early twenties, these tastes getlocked into place pretty firmly. In fact, studies have found that by the timewe turn 33, (23) most of us have stopped listening to new music.Meanwhile, popular songs released when you're in your early teens are likely toremain quite popular among your age group, the rest of your life. That could bea biological explanation for this.As there's evidence that the brain's ability to make subtledistinctions between different chords, rhythms, and melodies deteriorates withage. So to older people, newer, less familiar songs might all sound the same,but there may be some simpler reasons for older people's aversion to new music.One of the most researched laws of social psychology is something called (24) themere exposure effect, which in essence.It means that the more we're exposed to something, the morewe tend to like it, this happens with people. We know the advertisements wesee, and the songs we listen to when you're in your early teens, you probablyspend a fair amount of time listening to music or watching music videos, yourfavorite songs and artists become familiar, comforting parts of your routine.For many people over 30 job and family obligationsincreases. So there's less time to spend discovering new music instead manualsimply listened to old familiar favorites from that period of their lives whenthey had more free time. Of course, those teen years weren't necessarilycarefree. They're famously confusing, which is why so many TV shows and moviesrevolve around high school turmoil.Psychology research has shown that (25) the emotionsthat we experience as teens seem more intense than those that come later.And we also know that intense emotions are associated with stronger memoriesand preferences. Both of these might explain why the songs we listenedtoduring this period become so memorable and beloved.So there's nothing wrong with your parents because theydon't like your music. Rather. It's old part of the natural order of things.Q22: What does the speaker mainly discuss in this talk?Q23: What have studies found about most people by the timethey turn 33?Q24: What do we learn from one of the most researched lawsof social psychology?Q25: What might explain the fact that songs people listento in their teen years are memorable and beloved.作文Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Transportation.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.范文：Changes in the way of transportationAs the internet is developing so rapidly, the way of transportation keeps changing surprisingly. New applications on transportation emerge abundantly, contributing to the fact that people* s lifestyle has been changed as well.The changes in the way of transportation can be listed as follows. First of all, with the development of technology, the price of transportation is much cheaper than before. Moreover, compared with traditional ways of buying tickets, transportation applications and websites give passengers the opportunity to book tickets online without going outside to particular ticket offices. Besides, highspeed railways gradually replace the oldfashioned green trains, which can tremendously improve travelers’ comfort during the journey and shorten the time spent on the way.From my perspective, the changes in the way of transportation mainly lie in the good respects. As one of the fortunate passengers who live in the age of internet and can get access to online service of transportation, I can* t help exclaiming: it is the best of times.选词填空Section A（第2套）The things people make, and the way they make them, determine how cities grow and decline,and influence how empires rise and fall. So, any disruption to the world' s factories 26 . And that disruption is surely coming. Factories are being digitised, filled with new sensors and new computers to make them quicker, more 27 , and more efficient.Robots are breaking free from the cages that surround them, learning new sill,, and new ways of working. And 3D printers have long 28 a world where you can make anything, any-where, from a computerized design. That vision is 29 closer to reality. These forces will lead to cleaner factories, producing better goods at lower prices, personalized to our individual needs and desires. Humans will be 30 many of the dirty, repetitive, and dangerous jobs that have long been a 31 of factory life.Greater efficiency 32 means fewer people can do the same work. Yet factory bosses in manydeveloped countries are worried about a lack of skilled human workers -and see 33 and robots as a solution.But economist Helena Leurent says this period of rapid change in manufacturing is a 34 opportunity to make the world a better place. “Manufacturing is the one system where you have got the biggest source of innovation,the biggest source of economic growth, and the biggest source of great jobs in the past.”You can see it changing. That’s an opportunity to 35 that system differently and if we can,it will have enormous significance.”26. K) matters27. G) flexible28. M) promised29. L) moving30. O) spared31. F) feature32. H) inevitably33. A) automation34. D) fantastic35. N) shape信息匹配The History of the Lunch Box36. [F] City kids,on the other hand,went home for lunch and came back.37. [j] The company sold 600, 000 units the first year.38. [〇] The introduction of backpacks changed the lunch box scene a bit^he adds.39. [C] Lunch boxes have been connecting kids to cartoons and TV shows and super-heroes for decades.40. [H] And then everything changed in the year of 1950.41 .[L] The new trend was also a great example of planned obsolescence,that is,to design a product so that it will soon become unfashionable or impossible to use and will need replacing.42. [D] Let's start back at the beginning of the 20th century-the beginning of the lunch box story,really.43. [A] It was made of shiny,bright pink plastic with a Little Mermaid sticker on the front,andI carried it with me nearly every single day.44. [M] The metal lunch box craze Lasted until the mid-1980s,when plastic took over.45. [I] But these containers were really sting years on end.仔细阅读P146 A When they don* t have the chance to do what they want47 D Harmful conduct48 B Many volunteers choose to hurt themselves rather than endure boredom49 C It may promote creative thinking.50 D Allow oneself some time to be bored.P251 .B Forests are fast shrinking in many developing countries.52. C Those that used to have the lowest forest coverage.53. A The government’s advocacy54. C Their capability of improving air quality55. D Developed and developing countries are moving in opposite directions翻译春节前夕吃团圆饭是中国人的传统。
2020年12月英语四级真题及答案完整版
2020年12月英语四级真题及参考答案(完整版)Part I writingDirections:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a composition on the topic “Changes in the way of Transportation”.You should write at least120words but no more than180words.参考范文：With the social and economic development,our means of transportation have changed a lot over the last few decades,which has brought much convenience to our life.In the1970s and1980s,bicycles were the primary means of public transportation.Families that owned a bicycle were thought to be in relatively good economic conditions.Because of the implementation of the reform and opening policy,the economy and people’s living standards were improved a lot and travelling by private cars became more and more common in1990s and2000s. And thanks to the information technology,we can now enjoy bike-sharing service and online ride-hailing service which help to make our journey more economical and flexible.We have enough reason to believe that our way of transportation could be more and more economically friendly and intelligent.Part II Listening ComprehensionPartⅡListening Comprehension(25minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question.you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B).C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through she centre. Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.B)Invasive species are driving away certain native species.C)The Mediterranean is a natural habitat of Devil Firefish.D)Many people have been attacked by Devil Firefish.2.A)It could add to greenhouse emissions.B)It could disrupt the food chains there.C)It could pose a threat to other marine species.D)It could badly pollute the surrounding waters.C)Spend a few nights on a small island.D)Sell the pearl he had kept for years.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)cars will not be allowed to enter the city.B)About half of its city center will be closed to cars.C)Buses will be the only vehicles allowed on its streets.D)Pedestrians will have free access to the city.4.A)The rising air pollution in Paris.B)The worsening global warming.C The ever-growing cost of petrol.D)The unbearable traffic noise.Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)Many of his possessions were stolen.B)His house was burnt down in a fire.C)His fishing boat got wrecked on a rock.D)His good luck charm sank into the sea.6.A)Change his fishing locations.B)Find a job in a travel agency.C))Spend a few nights on a small islandD)Sell the pearl he had kept for years7.A)A New Year museumB)The largest pearl in the world weighsC)His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.D)His pearl could be displayed in a museum.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre. Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)It boasts a fairly long history.B)It produces construction materials.C)It has75offices around the world.D)It has over50business partners.9.A)It has about50employees.B)It was started by his father.C)It has a family business.D)It is over100years old.10.A)Shortage of raw material supply.B)Legal disputes in many countries.C)Outdated product design.D)Loss of competitive edge.11.A)Conducting a financial analysis for it.B)Providing training for its staff members.C)Seeking new ways to increase is exports.D)Introducing innovative marketing strategies.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)She is a real expert at house decorations.B)She is well informed about the design business.C)She is attracted by the color of the sitting room.D)She is really impressed by the man’s house.13.A)From his younger brother Greg.B)From home design magazines.C)From a construction businessman.D)From a professional interior designer.14.A)The effort was worthwhile.B)The style was fashionable.C)The cost was affordable.D)The eft was unexpected.15.A)She’d like him to talk with Jonathan about a new project.B)She wants him to share his renovation experience with herC)She wants to discuss the house decoration budget with him.D)She’d like to show him around her newly-renovated house.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the your choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark he corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre. Questions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)Providing routine care for small children.B)Paying hospital bills for emergency cases.C)Doing research on ear,nose and throat diseases.D)Removing objects from patients’noses and ears.17.A)Many children like to smell things they find or play with.B)Many children like to put foreign objects in their mouths.C)Five-to nine-year-olds are the mos likely to put things in their ears.D)Children aged one to four a often more curious than older children.18.A)They tend to act out of impulse.B)They want to attract attentions.C)They are unaware of the potential risks.D)They are curious about these body parts.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)It paid for her English lessons.B)It gave her a used bicycle.C)It delivered her daily necessities.D)It provided her with physical therapy.20.A)Expanding bike-riding lessons.B)Asking local people for donations.C)Providing free public transport.D)Offering walking tours to visitors.21.A)It is a language school.B)It is a charity organization.C)It is a counseling center.D)It is a sports club.Questions22to25are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)How mice imitate human behavior a space.B)How low gravity affects the human body.C)How mice interact in a new environment.D)How animals deal with lack of gravity.23.A)They were not use to the low-gravity cnvironment.B)They found it difficult to figure out where they were.C)They found the space in the cage too small to stay in.D)They were not sensitive to the changed environment.24.A)They tried every thing possible to escape from the cage.B)They continued to behave as they did in the beginning.C)They already felt at home in the new environment.D)They had found a lot more activities to engage in.25.A)They repeated their activities every day.B)They behaved as if they were on Earth.C)They begin to eat less after some time.D)They changed their routines in space.听力原文：Listening ComprehensionSection ANews report1A poisonous fish which has a sting strong enough to kill a human is invading the Mediterranean, warned scientists.The International Union for the Conservation of Nature(UICN)has raised concerns after the poisonous fish was spotted in the waters around Turkey,Cyprus and the eastern Mediterranean.Native to the South Pacific and Indian Ocean,the potentially deadly fish has poisonous hooks and a painful sting capable of killing people.Although fatalities are rare,the stings can cause extreme pain and stop people breathing.The fish,often known as Devil Fire fish,is a highly invasive species.And environmentalists fear its arrival could endanger other types of marine life.After being spotted in the Mediterranean,a marine scientist says,"The fish is spreading,and that's a cause for concern."Q1:What is reported in the news?Q2:What is the environmentalists'concern of the spread of Devil Firefish in the Mediterranean?News report2[Q3]Almost half the centre of Paris will be accessible only by foot or bicycle this Sunday to mark World Car-Free Day.[Q4]This is in response to rising air pollution that made Paris the most polluted city in the world for a brief time.Mayor Anne Hidalgo promoted the first World Car FreeDay last year.Hidalgo also has supported a Paris Breathes Day.On the first Sunday of every month, Paris clears traffic from eight lanes of the main road.About400miles of streets will be closed to cars.It is expected to bring significant reduction in pollution levels."Last year's car-free day showed a 40%drop in pollution levels in some parts of the city,according to an independent air pollution monitor",reports the Guardian,"and some levels dropped by50%in the city centre.'Q3:What will happen on World Car Free Day in Paris?Q4:What motivated the mayor of Paris to promote the first World Car Free Day in her city?News report3A Philippine fisherman was feeling down on his luck when a house fire forced him to clear out his possessions and change locations.Then,a good luck charm that he had kept under his bed changed his life.The unidentified man had fished out a giant pearl from the ocean when his anchor got stuck on the rock while sailing off a coastal island in the Philippines ten years ago.When he was forced to sell it,the shocked tourist agent at Puerto Princesca told him that the77-pound giant pearl that he had kept hidden in his rundown wooden house was the biggest pearl in the world,which was valued at f76million.The pearl of Allah,which is currently on display in a New York museum,only weighs14pounds.That is five times smaller than the pearl that the fisher man just handed in.The monstrous pearl,measured at1foot wide and2.2feet long,is going to be verified by local experts and international authorities before hopefully going on display to attract more tourists in the little town. O5:What happened to the Philippine fisherman one day?Q6:What was the fisherman forced to do?Q7:What did the fisherman learn from the tourist agent?Section BLong conversation1WOMAN:Mr.Smith,It’s a pleasure meeting you!Man:Nice to meet you,too.What can I do for you?WOMAN:Well,I’m here to show you what our firm can do for you.Astro Consultants has branches in over fifty countries,offering different business services.We’re a global company with75years of history.And our clients include some of the world’s largest companies【8】.MAN:Thank you,Mrs.Houston.I know Astro Consultants is a famous company.But you said you would show me what you could do for me.Well.What exactly can your firm do for my company? WOMAN:We advise businesses on all matters,from market analysis to legal issues.Anything a business like yours could meet.Our firm offers expert advice.Could I ask you,Mr.Smith,to tell me a little about your company and the challenges you face?That way,I could better respond as to how we can help you.Man:OK,sure.This is a family business started by my grandfather in1950.We employ just over 100people.We manufacture an export stone for buildings and other constructions.Our clients usually want a special kind of stone cut in a special design.And that’s what we do in our factory【9】. Our main challenge is that our national currency is rising,and we’re losing competitive advantages to stone produces in India【10】.WOMAN:I see.That’s very interesting.I will suggest that you let us first conduct a financial analysis of your company,together with the analysis of your competitors in India.【11】That way,we could offer the best advice on different ways forward for you.Q8:What do we learn about the woman’s company?Q9:What does the man say about his own company?Q10:What is the main problem with the man’s company?Q11:What does the woman suggest doing to help the man’s company?Long conversation2Woman:Wow,congratulations,Simon!The place looks absolutely amazing!Man:Really?You think so?W:Of course.I love it.It looks like you had a professional interior designer.But you didn’t,did you?M:No.I did it all by myself with a little help from my brother,Greg.He’s actually in the construction business,which was really helpful.W:Honestly,I’m impressed!I know I can probably repaint the walls in my house over a weekend or something,but not a full renovation.Where did you get your ideas?I wouldn’t know where to start.[12]M:Well,for a while now,I’ve been regularly buying home design magazines.Every now and then, I’d saved the pictures I liked.Believe it or not,I have a full notebook of magazine pages.[13]Since by overall style was quite minimal,I thought and hoped a whole renovation wouldn’t be too difficult. And sure enough,with Greg’s help,it was very achievable.W:Wasn’t it expensive?I have imagined a project like this could be.M:Actually,it was surprisingly affordable.I managed to sell a lot of my old furniture and put that extra money towards the new material.[14]Greg was also able to get some discount materials from a recent project he was working on as well.W:Great!If you don’t mind,I’d like to pick your brain a bit more.Johansson and I are thinking of renovating our sitting room,not the whole house,not yet anyway.And we’d love to get some inspiration from your experience.[15]Are you free to come over for a coffee early next week?Q12:What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?Q13:Where did the man get his ideas for the project?）Q14:What did the man say about the project he recently completed?Q15:Why does the woman invite the man to her house next week?Section CPassage1Removing foreign objects from ears and noses costs England almost E3m year,a study suggests.[Q16]Children were responsible for the vast majority of cases-95%of objects removed from noses and85%from ears.Every year,an average of1,218nose and2,479ear removals took place between2010and2016.According to England's Hospital Episode Statistics,children aged one to four were the most likely to need help from doctors fora foreign object in their nose.Five to nine year old come to the hospital with something in their ear the most.Jewelry items accounted for up to40% of cases in both the ears and noses of children.Paper and plastic toys were the items removed next most from noses.Cotton buds and pencils were also found in ears.[Q17]According to the study,the occurrence of foreign objects in children is generally attributed to curiosity Children have an impulse to explore their noses and ears.This results in the accidental entry of foreign objects.[Q18]Any ear,nose and throat surgeon has many weird stories about wonderful objects found in the noses and ears of children and adults.Batteries can pose a particular danger.In all cases,prevention is better than cure.This is why many toys contain warnings about small parts.Recognizing problems early and seeking medical attention is important.Q16:What does England spend an annual E3m on?Q17:What do we learn from England's Hospital Episode Statistics?Q18:What is generally believed to account for children putting things in their ears or noses?Passage2Good morning,I’d like to talk to you about my charity ReBicycle.But before that,let me introduce someone.This is Leila Rahimi.She was so scared when she first moved to New Zeal-and that she struggled to leave the house and would spend days working up the courage to walk to the supermarket for basic supplies.After a few months of being quite down and unhappy,she was invited to join a local bike club.At this time,ReBicycle got involved and gave Leila a second-hand bicycle.[Q19]In weeks,her depression had begun to ease as she cycled.The bicycle totally changed her life,giving her hope and a true feeling of freedom.To date,ReBicycle has donated more than200bikes to those in need,and is now expanding bike-riding lessons as demand soars.[Q20]With a bike,you can travel farther but for almost no cost. The three hours a day that used to spend on walking to and from English language lessons has been reduced to just one hour.Our bike-riding lessons are so successful that we are urgently looking for more volunteers.[Q21]Learning to ride a bike is almost always more difficult as an adult,and this can take days and weeks,rather than hours.So,if any of you have some free time during the weekend,please come join us at Re Bicycle and make a difference in someone’s life.Q19:What did Re Bicycle do to help Leila Rahimi?Q20:What is Re Bicycle doing to help those in need?Q21:What do we learn from the passage about the Re Bicycle?Passage3Thanks to the International Space Station we know quite a bit about the effects of low gravity on the human body,but NASA scientists want to learn more.To that end,they have been studying how other species deal with low gravity,specifically focusing on mice（22）.The results are both interesting and humorous.The scientists first send some mice in a specially designed cage to the International Space Station.The cage allowed them to study the behavior of the mice remotely from Earth via video.As you noticed in the video,the mice definitely seem uncomfortable at the beginning of the experiment. They move around clumsily,drifting within the small confines of the cage and do their best to figure out which way is up,but without success.(23)However,it’s not long before the mice begin to catch on.They adapt remarkably well to their new environment and even using the lack of gravity to their advantage as they push themselves around the cage.That’s when things really get wild.The11th day of the experiment shows the mice are not just dealing with the gravity change but actually seem to be enjoying it.(24)Several of the mice are observed running around the cage walls.The scientists wanted to see whether the mice would continue doing the same kinds of activities they were observed doing on Earth.The study showed that the mice kept much of their routines intact,including cleaning themselves and eating when hungry.(25)Q22What do Nasa scientists want to learn about?Q23What does the passage say about the mice at the beginning of the experiment?Q24What was observed about the mice on the11th day of the experiment?Q25What did the scientists find about the mice from the experiment?PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes)Section A（第1套）Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ton blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following thepassage Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choicein the bank is identified by a letter:Please mark the corresponding letter for each itemon Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once.When my son completes a task,I can’t help but praise him.It’s only natural to give praise where praise is due,right?But is there such a thing as too much praise?According to psychologist Katherine Phillip,children don’t benefit from26praise as much as we’d like to think.“Parents often praise,believing they are building their child’s self-confidence.However,over-praising can have a27effect,”says Phillip.“When we use the same praise28,it may become empty and no longer valued by the child.It can also become an expectation that anything they do must be29 with praise.This may lead to the child avoiding taking risks due to fear of30their parents.”Docs this mean we should do away with all the praise?Phillip says no,“The key to healthy praise is1o focus on the process rather than the31it is the recognition of a child’s attempt,or the process in which they achieved something,that is essential,”she says,“Parents should encourage their child to take the risks needed to learn and grow.”So how do we break the32of praise we’re all so accustomed to?Phillip says it’s important to 33between“person praise”and“process raise”.“Person praise is34saying how great someone is.It’s a form personal approval.Process praise s acknowledgement of the efforts te person has just35.Children who receive person praise are more likely to feel shame after losing,”says Phillip.A)choose B)constant C)disappointing D)distinguishE)exhausting F)experienced G)negative H)outcomeI)pattern J)plural K)repeatedly L)rewardedM)separately N)simply O)undertaken答案：26.B27.G28.K29.L30.C31.H32.I33.D34.N35.OSection BPoverty is a story about us,not them[A]Too often still we think we know the poverty looks like.It's the way we've been taught,the images we’ve been forced-fed decades.The chronically homeless.The undocumented immigrant. The urban poor,usually personified as a woman of color,the"welfare queen"politicians still too often reference.[B]But as income inequality rises to record levels in the United States,even in the midst of a record economic expansions,.those familiar images are outdated,hurtful and counterproductive to focusing attention on solutions and building ladders of opportunity.IC]Today's faces of inequality and lack of opportunity look like all of us.It's Anna Landre,a disabled Georgetown University student fighting to keep health benefits that allow-her the freedom to live her life lt's Tiffanie Standard,a counselor for young women of color in Philadelphia who want to be tech entrepreneurs—but who must work multiple jobs to stay afloat.It's Ken Outlaw,a welder in rural North Carolina whose dream of going back to school at a local community college was dashed by Hurricane Florence-just one of the extreme weather events that have tipped the balance for struggling Americans across the nation,[D]If these arc the central characters of our story about poverty.what layers of perceptions,myths, and realities must we unearth to find meaningful solutions and support?In pursuit of revealing thiscomplicated reality,Mothering Justice,led by women of color,went last year to the state capital in Lansing,Michigan,to lobby on issues that affect working mothers.One of the Mothering Justice organizers went to the office of a state representative to talk about the lack of affordable childcare-the vestiges(痕迹))of a system that expected mothers to stay home with their children while their husbands worked,A legislative staffer dismissed the activist’s concerns,telling her“my husband took care of that-l stayed home.”[E]That comment,says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson.,"was meant to shame"and relied on the familiar trope that a woman of color concemed about income inequality and programs that promote mobility must by definition be a single mom,probably with multiple kids.,In this case.Mothering Justice activist happened to be married.And in most cases in the America of2019, the images that come to mind when we hear the words poverty or income inequality fail miserably in reflecting a complicated reality:poverty touches virtually all of us.The face of income inequality, for all but a very few of us,is the one we each see in the mirror.[F]How many of us are poor in the U.S.?It depends on who you ask.According to the Census Bureau,38million people in the U.S.are living below the official poverty thresholds,Taking into account economic need beyond that absolute measure,the Institute for Policy Studies found that140 million peoplc are poor or low-income.That's almost half the U.S population.[G]Whatever the measure,within that massive group,poverty is extremely diverse.We know that some people are more affected than others,like children,the elderly,people with disabilities,and people of color.[H]But the fact that4in10Americans can't come up with$400in an emergency is a commonly cited statistic for good reason:economic instability stretches across race,gender,and geography.It even reaches into the middle classes,as real wages have stagnated(不增长)for all but the very wealthy and temporary spells of financial instability are not uncommon.[I]Negative images remain of who is living in poverty as well as what is needed to move out of it. The big American myth is that you can pull yourself up by your own effort and change a bad situation into a good one.The reality is that finding opportunity without help from families,friends. schools，,and community is virtually impossible.And the playing field is nothing close to level. [J]The Frame Works institute,a research group that focuses on public framing of issues,has studiedwhat sustains stereotypes and narratives of poverty in the United Kingdom."People view economic success and well being in life as product of choice,willpower,drive,grit,and gumption,"says Nat Kendall-Taylor,CEO of Frame Works.“When we see people who are struggling.”he says,those assumptions“lead us to the perception that people in poverty are lazy.they don’t care,and they haven't made the right decisions.”[K]Does this sound familiar?Similar ideas surround poverty in the U.S.And these assumptions wreak havoc on reality."When people enter into that pattern of thinking,"says Kendall-Taylor,"it's cognitively comfortable to make sense of issues of poverty in that way.It creates a kind of cognitive blindness-all of the factors external to a person's drive and choices that they've made become invisible and fade from view.”Those external factors include the difficulties accompanying low-wage work ot struetual discrimination based on race,gender,or ability.Assumptions get worse when people who are poor use government benefits to help them survive.There is a great tension between"the poor"and those who are receiving what has become a dirty word:"welfare."According to the General Social Survey,7l percent of respondents believe the contry is spending too little on a"welfare":37percent believe we are spending too much,[N]"Poverty has been interchangeable with people of color-specifically black women and black mothers,"says Atkinson of Mothering Justice.It's true that black mothers are more affected by poverty than many other groups,yet they are disproportionately the face of poverty.For example，Americans routinely overestimate the share of black recipients of public assistance programs. [O]In reality,most people will experience some form of financial hardship at some point in their lives.Indeed,people tend to dip in and out of poverty,perhaps due to unexpected obstacles like losing a job,or when hours of a low-wage job fluctuate.[P]Something each of us can do is to treat each other with the dignity and sympathy that is deserved and to understand deeply that the issue of poverty touches all of us.答案：36.[E]That comment,says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson,"was meant to shame"37.[H]But the fact that4in10Americans can't come up with$400in an emergency is a commonly cited statistic for good reason:economic instability stretches across race,gender,and geography. 38.[M]According to the General Social Survey,71percent ofrespondents believe the country is spending too little on"assistance to the poor."39.[J]The Frame Works Institute,a research group that focuses on public framing of issues,has studied what sustains stereo types and narratives of poverty in the United Kingdom40.[D]lf these are the central characters of our story about poverty,what layers of perceptions,myths,and realities must we unearth to find meaningful solutions and support?41.[F]How many of us are poor in the U.S.?42.[N]“Poverty has been interchangeable with people of color-specifically black women and”black mothers,"says Atkinson of Mothering Justice.43.[1]Negative images remain of who is living in poverty as well as what is needed to move out of it.44.[E]That comment,says Mothering Justice director Dan-ielle Atkinson,"was meant to shame"45.[L]Those external factors include the difficulties accompanying low-wage work or structural discrimination based on race,gender,or ability.Section CPassage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.Boredom has,paradoxically,become quite interesting to academics lately.In early May.Lon don's Boring Conference celebrated seven years of delighting in dullness.At this event.people floc ked to talks about weather,traffic jams and vending-machine sounds.,among other sleep-indu cing topics What,exactly,is everybody studying?One widely accepted definition of boredom i s"the distasteful experience of wanting,but being unable.to engage in satisfying activity." But how can you quantify a person's boredom level and compare it with someone else’s?In1986,psychologists introduced the Boredom Proneness Scale,designed to measure an individual’s overall tendency to feel bored By contrast,the Mulitidimensional State Boredom scale,developed in2008,measures a person’s feelings of boredom in a given situation. Boredom has been linked to behavior issues including inattentive driving.mindless snacking.excessive drinking,and and addictive gambling.In fact,many of us would choose pain over。
2020年12月英语4级考试真题含解析
2020年12月英语4级考试真题含解析听力原文：1. C) Herclaim has been completely disregarded.2. A)The ground floor of their cottage was flooded.3. D) Thewoman’s failure to pay her house insurance in time.4. A) Filea lawsuit against the insurance company.5. B) Theydisagree about the future of AI technology.6. C) Lesstime-consuming and focusing on creation.7. B) Digitallife could be replace human civilization.8. D) Itwill be smarter than human beings.9. B) Saveone fifth of their net monthly income.10. A)Start by doing something small.11. C) Aproper mindset.12. B) Shefound her outfit inappropriate.13. A) Tosave the trouble of choosing a unique outfit every day.14. C) Itmatters a lot in jobs involving interaction with others.15 D) Dowhatever is possible to look smart.16. A) Theirobsession with consumption.17. B) Thingsthat cost less money.18. A) They serve multiple purposes.19. C) Over 10% of the respondents lied about the distancethey drove.20. C) Theywanted to protect their reputation.21.B) They seem intuitive.22. D)Older people's aversion to new music.23 A)They no longer listen to new music.24.D) The more you experience sth, the better you'll appreciate it.25.D) Teenagers are much more sentimental.Conversation11. C) Herclaim has been completely disregarded.听力原文：I'm getting a little fed up with my calls about my claim beingcompletely disregarded.考点：视听一致2. A) Theground floor of their cottage was flooded.听力原文：The entire ground floor of our cottage was submerged in water.考点：视听一致3. D) Thewoman’s failure to pay her house insurance in time.听力原文：the bizarre technical detail that you mentioned refers to the fact thatyou hadn't paid house insurance the month before the incident考点：视听一致+同义替换4. A) Filea lawsuit against the insurance company.听力原文：and that your company has a lawsuit on its hand. You will be hearing frommy lawyer 考点：视听一致M: Goodmorning, safe house insurance. My name is Paul. How can I help you today?W: Morning? I wouldn't say that it's a good from where I am standing.This is Ms. Wilson, and this is the third time I've called this week sincereceiving your letter about our insurance claim. (1) I'm getting a littlefed up with my calls about my claim being completely disregarded.M: Ms. Wilson, thank you for calling back. Can I take some details tohelp me look at your claim? W: It's Ms. May Wilson of 15 South sea road in Cornwall. And the detailsare that our village was extensively flooded two months ago. (2) The entireground floor of our cottage was submerged in water. And five of us havebeen living in a caravan ever since. Youpeople are still with holding the money we are entitled to over a bizarretechnical detail and it's not acceptable, Paul.M: Ms. Wilson, according to the notes on your account, (2) the bizarretechnical detail that you mentioned refers to the fact that you hadn't paidhouse insurance the month before the incident. W: That money left our account. And now that you should be paying out,you are suddenly saying that you didn't receive it on time. I'm reallyskeptical about this claim.M: Thecontract does say that any missed payment in a year will affect the terms andconditions of the insurance contract and may affect claims. Of course, I canpause you onto my manager to talk to you more about this.W: I've already spoken to him and you can tell him I'm furious now,andthat your company has a lawsuit on it hand. You will be hearing from my lawyer.Goodbye.1. What is the womancomplaining about?2. What is theproblem the woman's family encountered?3. What has caused theso-called bizarre technical detail according to the man?4. What's woman say she willdo at the end of the conversation?Conversation25. B) Theydisagree about the future of AI technology.听力原文：W: How doyou feel about the future of the artificial intelligence.Personally, I feelquite optimistic about it.M: AI, I'm not so optimistic actually.考点：同义替换6. C) Lesstime-consuming and focusing on creation.听力原文：which would require less of our time and allow us to be centered oncreative tasks考点：视听一致+同义替换7. B) Digitallife could be replace human civilization.听力原文：There's a risk that human civilization could be replaced by a superiortype of digital life 考点：视听一致8. D) Itwill be smarter than human beings.Once it'sfully developed, AI will become tired of trying to communicate with humans aswe would be much slower thinkers in comparison考点：同义替换W: How doyou feel about the future of the artificial intelligence. (5)Personally, Ifeel quite optimistic about it.M: AI, I'm not so optimistic actually. In fact, it's something weshould be concerned about.W: Well, it will help us humans understand ourselves better. And when wehave a better understanding of ourselves, we can improve world.M: Well,one thing is for sure, technology is evolving faster than our ability tounderstand it. And in the future AI will make jobs kind of pointless.W: I think artificial intelligence will actually help create new kinds ofjobs, (6) which would require less of our time and allow us to be centeredon creative tasks.M: I doubt that very much. Probably the last job that will remain will bewriting AI software. And then eventually AI will just write its own software.W: At that time we are going to have a lot of jobs, which nobody willwant to do. So we will need artificial intelligence for the robots to take careof the old guys like us.M: I don't know. (7) There's a risk that human civilization could be replacedby a superior type of digital life. AI will be able to completely simulatea person in every way possible. In fact, some people think we're in asimulation right now.W: That's impossible. Humans can't even make a mosquito. Computers only have chips. People have brains.And that's where the wisdom comes from.M: (8) Once it's fully developed, AI will become tired of trying tocommunicate with humans as we would be much slower thinkers in comparison.W: Well, I'm not so sure. A computer is a computer and a computer is justa toy.M: Computers can easily communicate incredibly fast. So the computer willjust get impatient talking to humans. It'll be barely getting any informationout.W: Well, I believe there's a benevolent future with AI. I also think youwatch too many science-fiction films.Q5: What did we learn about the speakers from the conversation?Q6: Whatwill new kinds of jobs be like according to the woman?Q7: What is the risk the mananticipates?Q8: What is the man's concernabout AI technology?PASSAGE 1To achieve financial security, how much yousave is always more important than the amount you earn or how shrewdly youinvest. If you're under 30 years old, (9) your goal should be to save 20% ofyour monthly income after tax deductions. This is irrespective of how muchyou earnapproximately 50% should be reserved for essentials like food andaccommodation.The remaining 30% is for recreation andentertainment, but for many young people, it will be difficult to designatesuch a large proportion of the income for savings. If you find it hard to saveany money at all, (10) start by cutting all unnecessary spending, allocatethe tiny amount of one or 2% for savings and gradually increase that amount.Always keep that 20% goal in mind, preventyourself from becoming complacent. It can be challenging to stick to such astrict plan, but if you adopt the right mindset, you should be able tomake it work for you. So what should you be doing with the money that you aresaving? Some must be (11) kept easily accessible in case you need some cashin an emergency.The lodge has proportion should be investedin retirement plans. Either through your employer or privately, and you can keepsome money for high risk, but potentially lucrative investments. Dividends canbe reinvested or use to purchase something you like. Byfollowing this plan, you should hopefully be able to enjoy your life nowand still be financially secure in the future.Q9: What are people under 30 advise to do, toachieve financial security?Q10: What should people do if they find itdifficult to follow the speaker's advice on their financial plan?Q11: What does the speaker think is importantfor achieving financial security?PASSAGE 2I work in advertising and I like to keep upwith current trends mainly because I'm aware that we live in an image obsessedworld. However, when I first started my job, occasionally I'd catch a glimpseof obniol in the lifts and find youdao myself thinking (12) that I looked atotal mess. Was I being held back by my choice of clothing?Theshort answer is yes, especially when clients are quick to judge you on yourstyle rather than your work. (13) But no one can be unique with their outfitevery day. I mean, that's why uniforms were invented. So here's what I did.I created my own uniform. To do this, I chose an appropriate outfit. Then Ibought multiple items of the same style in different shades.NowI never worry about what I'm wearing in the morning, even if I do get a bittired of just wearing the same classic pieces. Overall, when it comes to work,you have to ask yourself: (14) Will looking smarter enhance my ability to domy job? For some, this question may not be an issue at all. Especially ifyou work remotely and rarely see your colleagues or clients face to face, butif your job involves interacting with other people, the answer to thisis often yes.Sorather than fighting the system, I think we should just (15) do whateverhelps us to achieve our goals at work. If that means playing it safe withyour image, then let's face it. It's probably worth it.Q12: What do we learn about the speaker whenshe first started her job?Q13:Why were uniforms invented according to the speaker?Q14: Whatdoes the Loinbo say about looking smarter?Q15: Whatdoes the speaker advise people to do in an image obsessed world?LECTURE 116.A) Their obsession with consumption.听力原文：This phenomenon has resulted in significant credit carddebt, enormous environmental footprints. And perhaps notcoincidentally or happiness levels have failed to increase over the same halfcentury.考点：同义替换17. B) Thingsthat cost less money.听力原文：I propose the less staff and less space can not only helpyou economize, but also simplify your life. I immediately saved $200,000. Smallerspace leads to reduced utility bills and also asmaller carbon footprint.考点：同义替换18. A) They serve multiple purposes.听力原文：Finally, we need multi-functional spaces in housewares.考点：视听一致+同义替换Did you knowthat Americans were approximately three times the amount of space we had 50years ago. Therefore, you'd think would have sufficient room for all of ourpossessions on the country. The postal storage business is now a growingindustry. We've got triple the space, but we've become such enthusiasticconsumers that we require even more. (16) This phenomenon has resulted insignificant credit card debt, enormous environmental footprints. And perhapsnot coincidentally or happiness levels have failed to increase over the samehalf century. I'm here to suggest an alternative that having less mightactually be a preferable decision. Many of us have experienced at some stage,the pleasure of possessing less. (17) I propose the less staff and lessspace can not only help you economize, but also simplify your life. Irecently started an innovative project to discover some creative solutions thatoffered me everything I required, by purchasing an apartment that was 40 squaremeters instead of 60. (17) I immediately saved $200,000. Smaller space leadsto reduced utility bills and also a smaller carbon footprint, because it'sdesigned around an edited collection and possessions limited to my favoritestuff. I'm really excited to live there. How can we live more basically?Firstly, we must ruthlessly cut the unnecessary objects out of our lives. ToSTEM consumption, we should think before we buy and ask ourselves, will ittruly make me happier? Obviously, we should possess some great stuff, but wewant belongings that we're going to love for years.Secondly, we requirespace efficiency. We want appliances that are designed for use most of thetime, not for occasional use. Why own a six-burner stove when you rarely useeven three burners?(19) Finally, we need multi-functional spaces in housewares. I combined amovable wall with transforming furniture to get more out of my limited space,consider my coffee table. It increases in size to accommodate 10. My office istucked away, easily hidden. My bed simply pops out of the wall. For guests, Ican relocate the movable wall and utilize the foldable guest beds I installed.I'm not saying we should all live in tiny apartments, but consider the benefitsof an edited life.When you returnhome and walk through your front door, take a moment to ask yourselves. Could Ido with a little live editing? Would that give me more freedom and more time?16. What hasprevented American's happiness levels from increasing?17. What thingsshould we possess according to the speaker?18. What do welearn about the items in the speaker's home?LECTURE 2Now believe itor not, people sometimes lie in order to maintain a good, honest reputation,even if it hurts them to do so. At least this is what a team of scientists issuggesting with evidence to prove it. Picture this scenario. You often drivefor work and can be compensated for up to 400 miles per month.Most people at your company drive about 300 miles eachmonth. But this month you drove 400 miles. How many miles do you think you'dclaim in your expense report? The scientists asked this exact question as partof the study, we're discussing today with surprising results. Q19 (19) Theyfound that 12% of respondents reported the distance.They drove as less than the actual figure, giving anaverage answer of 384 miles. (19) In other words, they lied about the numberof miles, even though they would forfeit money they were owed. Theresearchers believe this was to seem honest with the assumption being thatothers would be suspicious of a high expense claim, but why would peoplefabricate numbers to their own detriment?The researchers explained that (20) many people care agreat deal about their reputation and how they'll be judged by others. Ifthey care enough, they're concerned about appearing, honest and not losing therespect of others, maybe greater than their desire to actually be honest. Theresearchers assert that the findings suggest that when people obtain veryfavorable outcomes, they anticipate other people's suspicious reactions andprefer lying and appearing honest to telling the truth loinbo and appearing asselfish liars.So why is this research important? Well, experts generallyagree there are two main types of lie, selfish lies, and lies that are meant tobenefit others. The first, as you may predict is for selfish gain such assubmitting a fraudulent claim to an insurance company while the second involveslying to help others or not offend others.For example, telling a friend whose outfit you don't likethat they look great. But the researchersare suggesting a third type of line:line to maintain a good reputation. Now, this hypothesis is new and someskeptics argue that this isn't a whole new category of lie, (21) but thefindings seem intuitive to me. After all, one of the main motivations forlying is to increase our worth in the eyes of others. So it seemshighly likely that people will lie to seem honest.Q19: What did the team of scientists find in this study?Q20: Why would people fabricate numbers to their owndetriment according to the Loinbos？Q21: What does the speaker think of other researcher'sfindings?LECTURE 3Why do old people dislike new music? As I've grown older, Ioften hear people my age say things like they just don't make good music likethey used to. Why does this happen? Luckily, psychology can give us someinsights into this puzzle. Musical tastes begin to crystallize as early as age13 or 14.By the time we're in our early twenties, these tastes getlocked into place pretty firmly. In fact, studies have found that by the timewe turn 33, (23) most of us have stopped listening to new music.Meanwhile, popular songs released when you're in your early teens are likely toremain quite popular among your age group, the rest of your life. That could bea biological explanation for this.As there's evidence that the brain's ability to make subtledistinctions between different chords, rhythms, and melodies deteriorates withage. So to older people, newer, less familiar songs might all sound the same,but there may be some simpler reasons for older people's aversion to new music.One of the most researched laws of social psychology is something called (24) themere exposure effect, which in essence.It means that the more we're exposed to something, the morewe tend to like it, this happens with people. We know the advertisements wesee, and the songs we listen to when you're in your early teens, you probablyspend a fair amount of time listening to music or watching music videos, yourfavorite songs and artists become familiar, comforting parts of your routine.For many people over 30 job and family obligationsincreases. So there's less time to spend discovering new music instead manualsimply listened to old familiar favorites from that period of their lives whenthey had more free time. Of course, those teen years weren't necessarilycarefree. They're famously confusing, which is why so many TV shows and moviesrevolve around high school turmoil.Psychology research has shown that (25) the emotionsthat we experience as teens seem more intense than those that come later.And we also know that intense emotions are associated with stronger memoriesand preferences. Both of these might explain why the songs we listenedtoduring this period become so memorable and beloved.So there's nothing wrong with your parents because theydon't like your music. Rather. It's old part of the natural order of things.Q22: What does the speaker mainly discuss in this talk?Q23: What have studies found about most people by the timethey turn 33?Q24: What do we learn from one of the most researched lawsof social psychology?Q25: What might explain the fact that songs people listento in their teen years are memorable and beloved.作文WritingDirections：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Education. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.范文：Changes in the way of educationAs the internet is developing so rapidly, the way of education keeps changing and new forms of education emerge surprisingly. Especially during the pandemic of corona virus, online education has become one of the most important ways of education throughout the world.The changes in the way of education can be listed as follows.First of all, compared with traditional offline teaching activities, online education gives students the opportunity to study wherever they want, at home or in the park.Moreover, the cost of attending online courses is normally lower than that of offline ones. Besides, students can choose the perfect time when they are available to attend classes,instead of stubbornly fixing the time required without the possibility of doing any other important thing.From my perspective, the changes in the way of education mainly lie in the good respects. As one of the fortunate students who live in the age of internet and can get access to online courses, I can’t help exclaiming: it is the best of times.选词填空Section A（第1套）Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ton blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter:Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.When my son completes a task, I can’t help but praise him. It’s only natural to give praise where praise is due,right? But is there such a thing as too much praise?According to psychologist Katherine Phillip, children don’t benefit from 26 praise as much as we’d like to think.“Parents often praise, believing they are building their child’s self-confidence.However,over-praising can have a 27 effect,” says Phillip.“When we use the same praise 28 , it may become empty and no longer valued by the child. It can also become an expectation that anything they do must be 29with praise.This may lead to the child avoiding taking risks due to fear of 30 their parents.”Docs this mean we should do away with all the praise? Phillip says no,“The key to healthy praise is 1o focus on the process rather than the 31 it is the recognition of a child’s attempt, or the process in which they achieved something, that is essential,”she says, “Parents should encourage their child to take the risks needed to learn and grow.”So how do we break the 32 of praise we’re all so accustomed to? Phillip says it’s important to 33 between “person praise”and “process raise”.“Person praise is 34 saying how great someone is. It’s a form personal approval. Process praise s acknowledgement of the efforts te person has just 35 . Children who receive person praise are more likely to feel shame after losing,” says Phillip.A) chooseB) constantC) disappointingD) distinguishE) exhaustingF) experiencedG) negativeH) outcomeI ) patternJ) pluralK) repeatedlyL) rewardedM) separatelyN) simplyO) undertaken答案：26.B 27.G 28.K 29.L 30.C 31.H 32.I 33.D 34.N 35.O信息匹配Poverty is a story about us,not them36. [E] That comment,says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson,"was meant to shame"37. [H] But the fact that 4 in 10 Americans can't come up with$400 in an emergency is a commonly cited statistic for good reason：economic instability strerches across race,gen?der,and geography.38. [M]According to the General Social Survey, 71 percent of respondents believe the country is spending too Little on "assistance to the poor."39. [J] The Frame Works Institute^ research group that focuses on public framing of issues,has studied what sustains stereotypes and narratives of poverty in the United Kingdom40. [D] If these are the central characters of our story about poverty,what layers of perceptions,myths,and realities must we unearth to find meaningful solutions and support?41 .[F] How many of us are poor in the U.S.?42. [N] "Poverty has been interchangeable with people of color - specifically black women and”black mothers, "says Atkinson of Mothering Justice.43. [I] Negative images remain of who is living in poverty as well as what is needed to moveout of it.44. [E] That comment,says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson,"was meant to shame"45. [L] Those external factors include the difficulties accompanying low-wage work or structural discrimination based on race,gender,or ability仔细阅读P146. C They did not become popular until the emergence of improved batteries.47. B The falling prices of ebike batteries,48. D It will make a difference in people* s daily lives49. A Retailers'refusal to deal in ebikes.50 D The younger generation’s pursuit of comfortable ridingP251 A To sway public opinion of the impact of human activities on Earth52 C it covers more phenomena53 D Deliberate choice of words54 B For greater precision55 C Human activities have serious effects on Earth翻译生活在中国不同地区的人们饮食多种多样。
2020年12月大学英语四级预测-答案
2020年12月大学英语四级预测Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay to express your views on the phenomenon of group purchasing. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.In recent years, a new type of online shopping is rapidly gaining popularity - group purchasing, which was originally introduced from foreign countries but is now widely accepted all over China. People can buy not only goods, but also all kinds of services on group purchasing sites.Group purchasing is very convenient, and saves people a lot of money. But it also has some problems. Since group purchasing is nothing more than another form of online shopping, the nature of it is no different from other online shopping patterns. Problems that exist in online shopping also can be found in group purchasing, like deceptive advertisements or poor after-sale services.In my opinion, we should treat group purchasing as a way of shopping and nothing more. We must be careful not to buy something we don’t need only to follow the fashion.PartⅡListening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) Problems about the public transport systemB) How to prevent heart attacks and broken bones.C) The clear-up after a winter storm in the eastern USD) How to deal with emergency incidents.2.A) West Virginia. C) Washington.B) Southern Maine D) New York.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A) To donate most of his fortune. C) To establish equal social education.B) To find a better place to live in. D) To improve Facebook's userbase.4.A) He will build a new world C) He will separate his effort from Facebook.B) He will donate all of his fortune. D) He will leave Facebook.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) It could drive for long trips. C) It could drive in various areas.B) It could work without human involvement. D) It could take four people.6.A) It can only drive in flat areas. C) It has no gas pedals and steering wheels.B) It cannot go over 130 kilometers per hour. D) It has no safety devices.7.A) Produce 25carsin the next five years C) Expand testing to more areas.B) Develop areas with more hills. D) Explore areas with more rain.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centreQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A) She is not interested in her specialty. C) She has limited knowledge of history.B) She doesn't know how to teach her students. D) She doesn’t know the method to learning.9.A) Develop the interest in more fields. C) Stop students from skipping her class.B) Learn as much as possible in class. D) Let students enjoy the learning process.10.A) It is too complicated to understand. C) It isn't as boring as she expected.B) It arouses her interest in accounting. D) It is the most boring class she had attended11.A) Provide a comfortable environment for students.C) Avoid mentioning jokes in class.B) Make students relax as much as possible. D) Cancel the evaluation of students.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) It has the largest market share at present.B) Its products are easy to use and cost-effective.C) It is superior to its competitors in technology.D) Its productivity is much more effective.13.A) It doesn't have any cooperation with other companies.B) It has limited kinds of software productsC) The after-sales team isn't effective and qualified.D) It doesn't adopt an appropriate marketing strategy.14.A) Advertising.C) After-sales services.B) Product quality. D) Transportation.15.A) It has dominated the market. C) It has efficient dealer network.B) It has products of good quality. D) It mainly concerns small business users.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard16.A) It is the time when children are interested in language.B) It determines children's language ability in the future.C) It is an important period for children's physical development.D) It is the most important period for children's language ability.17.A) It is better to expose children to language earlier.B) There are critical periods for children to develop language quickly.C) Language ability is dependent on physical ability.D) Language can be learned at any time.18.A) By crying for others' attention.C) By asking for food from others.B) By pleasing others with smile. D) By making a noise for care.19.A) Mothers' care is the most important for children.B) There is a gender difference in language skills.C) Early education of high quality is good for children's language skills.D) Fathers are more concerned about their children.Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20.A) The rise of food prices. C) The low productivity in agriculture.B) The lack of the male labor force. D) The migration to bigger cities.21.A) They lack knowledge of farming.B) They take on more responsibility for children.C) They are less likely to get help from others.D) They are discriminated in many countries.22.A) Help women to get knowledge of the law.B) Invest more in food, health and education.C) Provide financial support and fair laws.D) Pay attention to the role of women in life.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23.A) The equal rights of black people. C) The better-off life of other people.B) The political equality of women. D) The political career of herself.24.A) She enjoyed living with children in the neighborhood.B) She hoped to improve the society by educating children.C) She was assigned the work of teaching after graduation.D) She wanted to help children in poor areas.25.A) Deal with changes confidently. C) Offer more rights to the poor.B) Find peace with those new immigrants. D) Culture adjustments must be made by all groups.Part III Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.A new scholarly study documenting the poor health of southern military recruits (新兵) has been much reported. The team of researchers found that male and female army recruits from ten southern states were 26 less fit and much more likely to become 27 while on duty than male and female recruits from other parts of the country.The authors of this careful study, based on data drawn from 170, 000 recruits, 28 that the overall poor state of public health in the South shows up clearly in the data on military recruits from the region, and that, as a result, is impairing（损害）U.S. military readiness and national 29.There is no reason to challenge the study's overall findings, however depressing, but adding a bit of historical context might allow us better to 30 them. It is important to note that the study's findings will not 31 any student of southern history. The South has long been a public health disaster area, with the region's population 32 the charts in statistics relating to mortality and various indices (指数) of risky health outcomes for a century and a half. The region's doubted rankings in these regards are closely 33 to wealth, poverty, educational achievement, and other socio-economic 34.The average level of income, high level of poverty, and poor state of public health in the region over the last one hundred fifty years have presented in countless ways, including in high rates of rejection（拒绝）for military service in the Spanish-American War, World War I, and World War II. In each of these cases the 35 reason for rejection was related to weight.A) account B) broadly C) calculateD) indicators E) injured F) integrateG) interpret H) primary I) relatedJ) relieve K) security L) significantlyM) suggest N) surprise O) toppingKey：L E M K G N O F D H suggest在此文中应理解为“认为”，区别于interpret“解释”。
2020年12月英语四级模拟试卷含答案
全国大学英语四级考试全国统一模拟冲刺试卷COLLEGE ENGLISH TEST— Band Four —试题册……………………………………………………………………………………………注意事项一、将自己的校名、姓名准考证号写在答题卡1和答题卡2上。
将本试卷代号划在答题卡2上。
二、试卷册、答题卡1和答题卡2均不得带出考场。
考试结束，监考员收卷后考生才可离开。
三、仔细读懂题目的说明。
四、在30分钟内做完答题卡1上的作文题。
30分钟后，考生按指令启封试题册，听力题目做完后，监考员收取答题卡1，考生在答题卡2上完成其余部分的试题。
全部答题时间为130分钟，不得拖延时间。
五、考生必须在答题卡上作答，凡是写在试题册上的答案一律无效。
六、多项选择题每题只能选一个答案；如多选，则该题无分。
选定答案后，用HB-2B 浓度的铅笔在相应字母的中部划一条横线。
正确方法是：[A] [B] [C] [D]。
使用其他符号答题者不给分。
划线要有一定的粗度，浓度要盖过字母底色。
七、如果要改动答案，必须先用橡皮擦净原来选定的答案，然后再按规定重新答题。
八、在考试过程中要注意对自己的答案保密。
若被他人抄袭，一经发现，后果自负。
Part I Writing ( 30 minutes ) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the lonely life of aged people. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
2020年12月英语四级模拟试题：阅读
2020年12月英语四级模拟试题：阅读2020年12月英语四级模拟试题：阅读Section CDirections：There are 2 passages in this secaon．Each passage isfollowed by some questions or unfinished statements．For each ofthem there arefour choices marked A.，B.，C.andD.．You shouM decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre．Passage OneQuesaons 56 to60 are based on thefollowingpassage．When it comes to noise cancelling headphones，sometimes the best offense is a good defense．While there are plenty of active noise cancelling headphones that use a complex(and pricey)method to block distracting sounds，there are simpler ways．How about headphones with a snug fit that simply plug up your ear canals?This process is called passive isolation．It’s not uncommon for a consumer faced with the choice between the descriptors“passive”and“active”to choose the stronger-sounding technology,but great passive isolation can be just as effective and cost a lot less．The AKG K323 XS headphones($59 MSRP)are just such a pair．Sleek and portable，they produce a huge sound marked with prominent bass，supportive mids，and very healthy highs．They’re also the best passive isolators thatwe’ve tested in a long time．Like most in-ears，the XS headphones are quite small and simply designed，available in white，blue，orange．yellow,green—the list goes on．The Android version packs a one-button universal remote，and there’s also a three．button version for iOS．The XS’s teeny form factor,featherweight frame，and smalI carry case are additional on．the．go perks(特权享受)．The cable is simple，but of decent quality,It’s shorter than most cords—just 3．5 feet—which may or may not be desirable depending on how you use them．Ears come in all different shapes．and so do the speaker covers．AKG includes four different options：extra small，small，medium，and large．In the audio test labs．these AKGs proved to be a straight．A student．Thanks to moderate bass notes and very prominent middle and high notes，music sounds both full and balanced．From classical，to jazz，to hip hop，every genre benefits from this even-handed sound quality．Listeners will enjoy big，thumping bass that doesn’t obscure subtler insmunents like violin and piano．These tiny in．ears aced distortion tests，to—you won’t find one drop of unwanted or distorted sound．The K323 XS really shines．even in a crowded market．It’s hard to pick which glowing attribute to praise first：The massive，well．balanced sound stage?The distortion．free listening experience?The$59 price tag?The monster isolation?The tiny,portable design?These AKGs are simply aces(王牌)，and online sale prices of around$40 kick everything up another notch(等级)．56．What can you learn from the first two paragraphs?A.All active isolators are technically complex．B.Consumers are more likely to choose active isolators．C. Passive isolation isn’t as effective as the active one．D.Consumers prefer those low-priced passive isolators．57．What are the extra perks of XS?A. The tiny shape。
2020年12月大学英语四级长篇阅读模拟题
2020年12月大学英语四级长篇阅读模拟题A Battle is Looming over Renewable Energy,and Fossil Fuel Interests are LosingA. In state capitals across the country,legislators are debating proposals to roll back environmental rules，prodded by industry and advocacy groups eager to curtail(缩减)regulations aimed at curbing greenhouse gases.B.The measures，which have been introduced in about 18 states，lie at the heart of an effort to expand to the state level the battle over fossil fuel and renewable energy.The new rules would trim or abolish climate mandates--including those that require utilities to use solar and wind energy,as well as proposed Environmental Protection Agency rules that would reduce carbon emissions from power plants.C.But the campaign—despite its backing from powerful groups such as Americans for Prosperity—has run into a surprising roadblock：the growing political clout of renewable-energy interests，even in rock-ribbed Republican states such as Kansas.D. The stage has been set for what one lobbyistcalled“trench warfare”as moneyed interests on both sides wrestle over some of the strongest regulations for promoting renewable energy.And the issues are likely to surface this fall in the midterm elections，as well，with Califomia billionaire Tom Steyer pouring money into various gubernatorial(州长的)and state and federal legislative races to back candidates who support tough rules curbing pollution.E.The multi-pronged conservative effort to roll back regulations，begun more than a year ago，is supported by a loose，well.funded confederation that includes theU.S.Chamber of Commerce，the National Association of Manufacturers and conservative activist groups such as Americans for Prosperity,a politically active nonprofit organization founded in part by brothers David and Charles Koch.These groups argue that existing government rulesviolate free-market principles and will ultimately drive up costs for consumers.F.The proposed measures are similar from state tostate.In some cases，the legislative language matches or closely resembles model bills and resolutions offered by the American Legislative Exchange Council(ALEC)，a free-market.oriented group of state lawmakers underwritten in part by Exxon Mobil，Koch Industries，Duke Energy and Peabody Energy.“Now more than ever is the time for states to lead the way,”ALEC’s top officials told its members at a meeting in December.G.The coalition campaigns have achieyed only symbolic victories in a few states.Nonbinding resolutions critical of the EPA power plant proposals have been approved in Alabama，Georgia，Nebraska，West Virginia and Wyoming.Three other states--Louisiana.Missouri and Ohio—are weighing legislation similar to the ALEC model.H.Only one of the 18 state legislatures has approved a more substantive measure that would replace the EPA’s power plant rules.And even that bill.in Kentucky,could backfire bygiving up a chance for the state to design its own program and forcing it to accept a federal compliance program.I.“Clean energy is beginning to becomemainstream，”said Gabe Eisner,executive director of the Energy and Policy Institute，a clean-energy think tank inWa shington.“Renewable energy is popular and has increased political power now,”but，he added，“that power is still eclipsed by the resources of the fossil fuel industry.”A surprisingly tough fightJ.Kansas might be the best place to see how these dynamics are unfolding.K.The state was a promising choice for a foray(攻击)against rules known as renewable-energy standards.which set minimum levels of renewable-energy use by electric utilities.Variations of these rules have been adopted in about 30 states.even though Congress did not pass a federal version of the requirement.In Kansas，a law passed in 2009 requires utilities to use wind and solar power to generate at least 15 percent of their electricity bv 2020 and 20 percent by 2020.L.The coalition seeking the repeal of the renewable mandate had all the ingredients for success.Financial.muscle came from the Kansas Chamber of Commerce，which lobbied heavily for repeal.In addition，the state is home to Koch Industries，the Koch brothers’Wichita-based energy conglomerate(集团).The state representative for Wichita，Republican Dennis Hedke，has called the company“one of thegreatest success stories in the world”and said“they are making very positive contributions.”Hedkechairs the state House’s Energy and Environment Committee.M.Koch Industries，along with the utility industry’s Edison Electric Institute and the nation’s biggest coal company,Peabody Energy,have supported ALEC.which advisedstate lawmakers on repeal strategy.N.“Koch has consistently opposed all subs idies and mandates across the board.especially as it relates to energy policy,”Philip Ellendea president and chief operatingofficer of Koch Companies Public Sector,said in a statement，citing the company’s opposition to the renewable fuel standard，wind production tax credit and ethanol(乙醇)mandate.“Government should not mandate the allocation or use of natural resources and raw materials in the productionof goods.”O.The ideological case was supported by conservativethink tanks.Kansans for Liberty supposed repeal.and the state branch of Americans for Prosperity told supportersthat“green energy mandates replace the free-market with bureaucratic government oversight，driving up costs for hard—working Kansas families.”The national group hasspent$300.000 in the state pushing for the rollback of renewable standards.P.Connections to key Kansas politicians also werestron9.Both the Kansas state Senate’s president.Susan Wagle，and the speaker of the state House，Ray Merrick，are membersof the ALEC board and back ed repeal.“The repeal of theRPS[Renewable Portfolio Standards]fits in line with the goals of the organization，”said Wagle，who said she joined ALECin the 1990s in connection with her opposition to health-care reforln led by Hillary Rodham Clinton.then the first lady.Q.Moreover’the Kansas economy relies heavily on fossil fuels.The state iS the nation’s 10th.1argest producer of crude oil and l 2th-largest of natural gas，according to the federal Energy Information Administration.In 2020，coal-fired power pl ants provided 61 percent of the state’selectricity,well above the national average.But the strong winds that blow across Kansas have carried new interests into the state.Kansas ranks sixth in the country in wind output，which jumped by a third last year and equaled 19 percent of the state’s electricity,the EIA says.R. The growing number of wind farms not only generates power but royalties for landowners.Dorothy Barnett，executive director of the Climate and Energy Project，said that Kansas landowners recei ve more than$1 3 million a year.“This issue is an issue that touches rural Kansans，and we have a lot of rural Kansas legislators，”she said.46.Resolutions with no binding force which are picky about the EPA power plant proposals have been accepted in many states such as Alabama and Georgia.47.It is hopeful to gain success if Kansas is chosen as the foray against the rules of renewable-energy standards which minimize the renewable-energy use by power plants.48.Koch Company’s Philip Ellender cited the company’s opposition to the renewable rules to approve its objection to all energy-policy-concerning subsidies and mandates，and advised that government let go of the allocation or use of materials used in goods production.49.The issue is a problem that concerns the benefits of people in the rural Kansas，and we have a great many lawmakers from rural parts of Kansas.50.The requirement to abolish the RPS complies with the organization’s targets.51.The methods adopted by the l 8 states are the kernel of the attempts to level up the battle between fossil fuel and renewable energy.52.The stage is established for the so-called“Wench warfare”，for the monetary benefits of both parts have been violated by the most powerful rules to spread renewable energy.53.The league which requires abolishing the renewable mandate had all the factors to achieve success.54.However,the winds that sweep across Kansas have brought new benefits to the state.55.The all-sided efforts which roll back the renewable rules have been backed by a confederation with abundant capital，the members of which go against the existing govemment rules.。
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2020年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案（10）Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions： There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and
mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a
single line through the centre.
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage：
Every year 100 million holiday—makers are drawn to the Mediterranean. With onethird of the world's tourist trade, it
is the most popular of all the holiday destinations; it is
also the most polluted. It has only 1 per cent of the
world's sea surface, but carries more than half the oil and
tar floating on the waters. Thousands of factories pour their poison into the Mediterranean, and almost every city, town
and village on the coast sends its sewage, untreated, into
the sea.
The result is that the Mediterranean, which nurtured so many civilizations, is gravely ill—the first of the seas to
fall victim to the abilities and attitudes that evolved
around it. And the pollution does not merely keep back life
of the sea—it threatens the people who inhabit and visit its shores. The mournful form of disease is caused by sewage. Eightyfive per cent of the waste from the Mediterranean's 120 coastal cities is pushed out in to the waters where their people and visitors bathe and fish. What is more, most cities just drop it in straight off the beach; rare indeed are the
places like Cannes and Tel Aviv which pipe it even half a
mile offshore.
Not surprisingly, vast areas of the shallows are awash
with bacteria and it doesn't take long for these to reach people. Professor William Brumfitt of the Royal Free
Hospital once calculated that anyone who goes for a swim in
the Mediterranean has a one in seven chance of getting some sort of disease. Other scientists say this is an overestimate; but almost all of them agree that bathers are at risk.
Industry adds its own poisons. Factories cluster round the coastline, and even the most modern rarely has proper wastetreatment plant. They do as much damage to the sea as sewage.But the good news is that the countries of the Mediterranean have been coming together to work out how to save their common sea.
21. The causes of the Mediterranean's pollution is ____.
A) the oil and tar floating on the water
B) many factories put their poison into the sea
C) untreated sewage from the factories and coastal cities
D) there are some sorts of diseases in the sea
22. Which of following consequence of a polluted sea is
not true according to the passage?
A) Bring up so many civilizations.
B) Various diseases in the sea.
C) It threatens the inhabitants and travelers.
D) One in seven chance of getting some sort of disease swimming in the sea.
23. The word “sewage”refe r to ____.
A) poison B) waste C) liquid material D) solid material
24. Why does industry do much damage to the sea?
A) Because most factories have proper wastetreatment plants.
B) Because many factories have not proper wastetreatment plants even the most modern one.
C) Because just the modern factory has a waste treatment plant.
D) Because neither ordinary factories nor most modern ones have p roper wastetreatment plants.
25. What is the passage mainly about?
A) Save the world.
B) How the people live in the Mediterranean sea.
C) How the industry dangers the sea.
D) Beware the dirty sea.
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage：
THE CLASSROOM is a man's world, where boys get twothirds of the teachers' attention — even when they are in a minority— taunt (辱骂) the girls without punishment, and receive praise for sloppy work that would not be tolerated from girls. They are accustomed to being teachers' pets, and。