EC Management Process V0.1
11-E-commerce Management
(1) Industry-based factors. (2) Competitive strategy, the status in an indu- stry and geographical location.
(3) Environmental factors.
Concurrency
5C Approach
Correspondence
Coherence
Connectivity
EC E-commerce Management
List
End
Critical Success Factors
these procedures
(1) Constructing network infrastructure of an enterprise.
effectiveness and efficiency
EC E-commerce Management
List
End
Human Resources Management
Knowledge Management
Knowledge management category
16
External knowledge refers to the relationship between suppliers, the relationship between customers, market
4
Enterprise Resources Planning
Supply Chain Management
Human Resources Management
Agile Product Lifecycle Management 部署 EC-BPEL 服务指南
Agile Product Lifecycle Management Deploying EC-BPEL Services GuideJune 2009Part No. E15227-01Copyright and TrademarksC opyright © 1995, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.This software and related documentation are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and are protected by intellectual property laws. Except as expressly permitted in your license agreement or allowed by law, you may not use, copy, reproduce, translate, broadcast, modify, license, transmit, distribute, exhibit, perform, publish or display any part, in any form, or by any means. Reverse engineering, disassembly, or decompilation of this software, unless required by law for interoperability, is prohibited.The information contained herein is subject to change without notice and is not warranted to be error-free. If you find any errors, please report them to us in writing.If this software or related documentation is delivered to the U.S. Government or anyone licensing it on behalf of the U.S. Government, the following notice is applicable:U.S. GOVERNMENT RIGHTSPrograms, software, databases, and related documentation and technical data delivered to U.S. Government customers are "commercial computer software" or "commercial technical data" pursuant to the applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation and agency-specific supplemental regulations. As such, the use, duplication, disclosure, modification, and adaptation shall be subject to the restrictions and license terms set forth in the applicable Government contract, and, to the extent applicable by the terms of the Government contract, the additional rights set forth in FAR 52.227-19, Commercial Computer Software License (December 2007). Oracle USA, Inc., 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood City, CA 94065.This software is developed for general use in a variety of information management applications. It is not developed or intended for use in any inherently dangerous applications, including applications which may create a risk of personal injury. If you use this software in dangerous applications, then you shall be responsible to take all appropriate fail-safe, backup, redundancy and other measures to ensure the safe use of this software. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates disclaim any liability for any damages caused by use of this software in dangerous applications.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.This software and documentation may provide access to or information on content, products and services from third parties. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates are not responsible for and expressly disclaim all warranties of any kind with respect to third party content, products and services. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates will not be responsible for any loss, costs, or damages incurred due to your access to or use of third party content, products or services.Table of ContentsC OPYRIGHT AND T RADEMARKS (2)WHAT IS INCLUDED (4)CONFIGURATIONS (5)C ONFIGURATIONS FOR A NON-SOA SUITE MACHINE (6)COMPILATION/DEPLOYMENT OF PROCESSES (6)SETTING UP PROCESSES IN JDEVELOPER (7)T ROUBLE S HOOTING (7)“get-wsdl” task failing (7)Could not create task or type of type: validateTask (8)What is includedThe “ecs-bpel.zip“ file contains the following directory structure when extracted to a folder called “bpel”. From now on, this location will be referred to as <ec-bpel-root>.Table 1: Directory structure of ecs-bpel.zipThe “build” folder contains a “build.xml” and “build.properties” file. The “build.properties” file must be adapted before you can deploy the processes. The “build.xml” contains all the targets you need to perform the deployment. This will be further described in the following sections.The BPEL processes are found under the “src” folder. Each bpel folder has a “build.xml” and “build.properties” file. These are artifacts from JDeveloper and are not used, however, they are included in case anyone wishes to use them.The “public_html” folder under each process contains a sample file that shows a sample request for each of the processes. This can be directly pasted in BpelConsole to directly invoke each process.ConfigurationsTo compile or deploy BPEL processes, the following set of properties need to be defined in the “build.properties” file found under the “<ec-bpel-root>/build” directory.Table 2: Properties for compilation/deployment and their function (BPELServer on local machine)List of properties(with actual/sample values)Descriptiona9.server.hostname The hostname of the machine where A93 is deployed.a9.server.port The port that A93 server uses.core.service.virtual.path The web context of Agile core web services. For example, theURL“http://agileserver:8888/coreService/services/BusinessObject” points to the A93 Business object services. The“coreService” is the web context for all these services.todeploy.dir The directory where compiled BPEL processes are placedwhen they are ready for deployment. This is done manually orvia the deploy task included in the script.bpel.home=I:/product/10.1.3.4/Orac leAS_1/bpel The location of the bpel directory in the OAS app server installation. (Required)bpel.process.rev=1.0 The revision of all the processes. This is a must by the BPELserver. (Required)bpel.domain=default The domain to which the BPEL processes will get deployed.This is a must by the BPEL server. (Required)bpel.http.hostname=localhost Thisisrequired.bpel.http.port=7777 Thisisrequired.er This is only required for http mode installation. (Optional) bpel.admin.encrypted.password This is required for http deployment. This is decrypted atbuild time automatically using Oracle libraries. The value isset in the property “bpel.admin.password”. If clear textpassword is set for “bpel.admin.password” already, thendecryption is not done. One of these two properties must beset for successful deployment. This field can be found in“<bpel.home>/utilities/ant-orabpel.properties” file on theserver install.bpel.admin.password This is used in http mode installation. This is not needed if“bpel.admin.encrypted.password” is supplied. It isrecommended that you set “bpel.admin.encrypted.password”instead of “bpel.admin.password”, but if you choose to setthis property, it works during http mode deployment.(Optional)bpel.verbose=true BPEL process compilation and deployment verbose flag.(Optional)dummy.bpel.home This is a special property that is not required to be set. It isused to deploy from a machine that does not have the SOAsuite installed locally on it. When set, it must point to thelibraries needed to compile and deploy the processes. If“bpel.home” is left unspecified, these libraries will be used tocompile/deploy the processes. See the section,“Configurations for a non-SOA suite machine,” for moredetails on how to use this property.Configurations for a non-SOA suite machineIn general, you can only compile and deploy the BPEL processes from a machine that has the SOA suite installed locally. Alternatively, JDeveloper can be used to compile the BPEL suitcases and the BPEL console can be used to execute an HTTP deployment. It is sometimes convenient, however, to be able to deploy all the processes from Ant in one go without manually executing these steps.To alleviate this problem, you need to copy several JAR files from your SOA server to your local machine. Your administrator can provide these files. These JAR files must be copied to the “lib” folder. You must then specify the “dummy.bpel.home” property to be the parent folder of this “lib” directory. The build script will then work transparently for you whether you have the SOA suite installed locally or not. Note that this is not a documented approach for the SOA server and is only provided here for convenience. The JAR files can be found under the “<SOA-suite-install-location>/bpel/lib” directory. The required JAR files are: •orabpel.jar•orabpel-ant.jar•orabpel-boot.jar•orabpel-common.jar•orabpel-exts.jar•orabpel-thirdparty.jar•oracle_http_client.jar•orawsdl.jar•xmlparserv2.jarCompilation/Deployment of ProcessesThe Oracle BPEL Server must be installed as part of the SOA Suite installation (version10.1.3.4.0). You must have at least version 1.6.5 of Ant. The recommended version of Java is the same as what is used by SOA Suite (version 10.1.3.4). More details on this are available in the installation guides of the Oracle Application Server and are out-of-scope for this document.The properties outlined in Table 2 must be filled with valid values. Once completed, open a command line prompt and go to the directory “<ec-bpel-root>/build”. To deploy the BPEL processes, execute the following Ant command:ant deploy-bpel-processesTo just compile and place the processes in the folder specified by property “todeploy.dir”, execute the following command within the “<ec-bpel-root>/build” directory.ant compile-bpel-processesSetting up processes in JDeveloperThe properties outlined in Table 2 must be filled with valid values. Once completed, to develop or view the processes in Jdeveloper, execute the following Ant command:ant init-bpelVersion 10.1.3.4 was used in development of these processes and is the recommended IDE to be used with SOA Suite 10.1.3.4.The next step is to open the processes in JDeveloper for development. You can do this in two ways:Navigate to the directory “<ec-bpel-root>/src”. Double click the “ECS-BPEL-V1.jws”file.1.If this extension is associated with Jdeveloper, it will automatically open theprojects in JDeveloper.2.Alternatively if *.jws files are not associated with JDeveloper, you can useJDeveloper itself to open this file.•Click File ->Open…•Navigate to the “<ec-bpel-root>/src” directory.•Select the “ECS-BPEL-V1.jws” file in the dialog box.This creates the ECS-BPEL-V1 application for you with all the BPELprocesses added to it.Appendix ATrouble Shooting“get-wsdl” task failingThis is a core task for the complete script. Nothing will work as expected if this task fails. It uses the Ant “get” task to download the required WSDL files from the Agile 93 server. The following are possible reasons for failure:•False Agile 93 server hostname / port - This translates to a wrong URL for downloading the WSDL files.•False setting of the “core.service.virtual.path” property - This translates to a wrong URL for downloading the WSDL files.•Agile 93 server is down.Make sure that the URLs that are given in the “get” task of the “get-wsdls” target in the build script are valid and that you can access and download the WSDL files with a browser. Another possible issue could be that you need to use a proxy server to get to the Agile 93 server. If this is the case, then please refer to the Ant “get” task manual. While using Ant 1.7 with Java 1.5 or later, the default proxy settings of OS are used. Otherwise, there is a<setproxy> task that you may need to write yourself.Could not create task or type of type: validateTaskThis is indicative of the fact that your “bpel.home” variable is not set properly. Please verify your SOA Suite installation directory and reset this variable to a valid value that points to the bpel folder in your SOA Suite installation directory.。
EC-012-Eu GMP 中文版
Eu GMP第I 部分为药品制造的GMPPrinciple 总则The holder of a Manufacturing Authorisation must manufacture medicinal products so as to ensure that they are fit for their intended use, comply with the requirements of the Marketing Authorisation and do not place patients at risk due to inadequate safety, quality or efficacy. The attainment of this quality objective is the responsibility of senior management and requires the participation and commitment by staff in many different departments and at all levels within the company, by the company‟s suppliers and by the distributors. To achieve the quality objective reliably there must be a comprehensively designed and correctly implemented system of Quality Assurance incorporating Good Manufacturing Practice, Quality Control and Quality Risk Management. It should be fully documented and its effectiveness monitored. All parts of the Quality Assurance system should be adequately resourced with competent personnel, and suitable and sufficient premises, equipment and facilities. There are additional legal responsibilities for the holder of the Manufacturing Authorisation and for the Qualified Person(s). 生产许可持有人必须确保生产的药品适合预期用途，符合上市许可要求，不能由于安全性，质量或有效性不足而对患者产生风险。
管理信息系统常用术语
管理信息系统常用术语WLAN:无线局域网络CIO:信息主管(chief information officer)SIS:战略信息系统(Strategic Information System)EB:电子商务(Electronic Business)EC:电子商务(Electronic Commerce)MC:媒体转换器（Media Converter）ERP:企业资源计划(Enterprise Resource Planning)SCM:供应链管理(supply chain management)CRM:客户关系管理BI:商务智能(business intelligence)KM:知识管理(knowledge management)MRP:制造资源计划(Manufacturing Resources Planning)BOM:物料清单（bill of material）CIMS:计算机集成制造系统(Computer Integrated Manufacturing System)CAD:计算机辅助设计(Computer Aided Design)CAM:计算机辅助制造(computer-aided manufacturing)CAPP:计算机辅助工艺过程设计（computer aided process planning）GUI:图形用户界面（Graphical User Interface，又称图形用户接口）ASP:动态服务器页面（active server pages）DB:数据库（Database）DBMS:数据库管理系统(database management system)GIS:地理信息系统（Geographic Information System或Geo－Information system）OLAP:联机分析处理(online analytical processing)OLTP:联机事务处理系统(On-Line Transaction Processing)ISP:互联网服务提供商(internet service provider)CSF:关键成功因素法（critical success factors）BSP:企业系统规划(Business System Planning)DM:数据挖掘(Data Mining)DW:数据仓库（Data Warehouse）MIS:管理信息系统(management information systems)DSS:决策支持系统(decision support systems)EIS/EIS:主管信息系统（Executive Information System），KWS:知识工作系统（knowledge work systems）OA:办公自动化（Office Automation）TPS:事务处理系统(transaction processing systems)DNS:域名系统(domain name system)SaaS:软件即服务(software as a service)HTML:超文本标记语言(hypertext markup language)HTTP: 超文本传输协议（Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)XML:可扩展标记语言(extensible markup language)URL:统一资源定位符（Uniform Resource Locator）UGC:互联网术语(User Generated Content)C/S:客户/服务器模式（client/server）B/S:浏览器/服务器模式（browser/server）SQL:结构化查询语言(structured query language)PERT:计划评审技术（Program/Project Evaluation and Review Technique）INTRANET:企业内部网，或称内部网、内联网、内网EXTRANET:外联网EDI:电子数据交换（Electronic data interchange）IOS:互联网操作系统（Internetwork Operating System）RFID:射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification)MRPII:制造资源计划（Manufacture Resource Plan）GDSS:群决策支持系统(Group Decision Support Systems)KDD:识别发现（knowledge discovery in database）O2O: 指将线下的商务机会与互联网结合(Online To Offline)BLOG:网络日志Cloud Computing: 云计算WIKI:维基，一种多人协作的写作工具Social Networking:社交网络Big Data:大数据Utility Computing:效用计算IOT:物联网（Internet Of Things）Social Commerce:社会化商务，社交商务Crowdsourcing:众包Pass:平台即服务（platform as a service）Iass:基础设施即服务（infrastructure as a service）BPI:流程改进(Business process improvement)WSDL:网络服务描述语言（Web Services Description Language）UDDI:统一描述、发现和集成（Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration）SOAP:简单对象访问协议（Simple Object Access Protocol）TCO:总所有成本(Total cost of ownership)Grid Computing:格网计算，又称作“网格计算”RSS:简易信息聚合consumerization of IT:信息技术消费化Green Computing:绿色计算Mass Customization:大量客制化。
EC术语
1G 2G 2.5G 3G 3.5G 4G802.11a 802.11b 802.11gAcceptable use policy (AUP)可接受使用政策Access control访问控制Active tokens主动证书Ad management广告管理Ad views广告观点Address Verification System (AVS)地址核实系统Admediaries广告中介Advance planning and scheduling (APS) systems高级计划和排程系统Advergaming广告游戏Advertising networks广告网络Advertorial社论式广告Affiliate marketing关联营销Affiliate marketing加盟营销Application firewall防火墙Application-level proxy应用级代理Associate ad display (text links)关联显示Auction拍卖Auditing审计authentication认证Authorization授权Automated clearing house (ACH) networkAutomatic crash notification (ACN)自动撞击通知Availability有效性Avatars虚拟人B2B portals B2B门户网站Back end后端Banking Trojan银行特洛伊木马Banner exchanges横幅广告交易Banner swapping横幅交换Banner横幅Bartering exchange实物交易市场Bartering exchange实物交易所Bartering实物交换Bastion gateway堡垒网关Biometric system生物特征识别Biometric生物特征Blackberry黑莓Bluetooth蓝牙Botnet傀儡网络Brick-and-mortar (old-economy) organizations 砖瓦加水泥（旧经济）企业Brick-and-mortar retailers砖瓦加水泥零售商Build-to-order (pull system)按单生产Bullwhip effect牛鞭效应Business impact analysis (BIA)业务影响分析Business model商业模式business network商业网络Business-to-business (B2B)企业-企业Business-to-business e-commerce (B2B EC)企业-企业电子商务Business-to-business-to-consumer (B2B2C)企业-企业-消费者Business-to-consumer (B2C)企业-消费者Business-to-employees (B2E)企业-员工Buy-side e-marketplace买方电子交易市场Buy-side e-marketplace买方电子市场Card verification number (CVN)Certificate authorities (CAs)认证中心Channel conflict渠道冲突Chatterbots聊天机器人CIA security triad (CIA triad)Ciphertext密文Click (click-through or ad click)Click-and-mortar retailers鼠标加水泥零售商Click-an-mortar (click-and-brick) organizations鼠标加水泥企业Clickstream behavior点击流行为Clickstream data点击流数据Click-through rateClick-through-ratioCollaboration hub协作中心Collaborative commerce (c-commerce)Collaborative commerce (c-commerce)协作商务Collaborative filtering协同过滤Collaborative planning协作计划Collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment (CPFR)协作计划、预测和补充Collaborative portals协作门户Common (security) vulnerabilities and exposures (CVEs)通用漏洞暴露Compact hypertext markup language (c HTML)Company-centric EC以企业为中心的电子商务Competitive forces model竞争力模式Computing Technology Industry Association (Comp TIA)Confidentiality机密性Consortium trading exchange (CTE)Consumer-to-business (C2B)消费者-企业Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)消费者-消费者Contact cardContactless (proximity) cardContextual computing情境计算Conversion rateCookieCorporate (enterprise) portal企业门户Corporate portal企业门户CPM (cost per thousand impressions)CrimewareCSI/FBI Computer Crime and Security ReportCustomer-to-customer (C2C)消费者-消费者Customization 客制化服务Cybermediation (electronic intermediation )电子中介Data conferencing数据会议Data Encryption Standard (DES) DES加密算法Demilitarized zone (DMZ) 非军事化区Denial of service (DOS) attack拒绝服务攻击Desktop purchasing桌面采购Desktop search桌面搜索Detection measuresDifferentiation差异化Digital economy数字经济Digital enterprise数字企业Digital envelope数字信封Digital products电子产品Digital signature (digital certificate)数字签名（数字认证）Direct marketing直销Direct materials直接物料Disintermediation无中介化Disintermediation无中介化disruptors变革者Distance learning远程学习Domain name system (DNS)域名系统Double auction双向拍卖Dynamic pricing动态定价Dynamic trading动态交易e-bartering (electronic bartering)电子实物交换E-book电子书E-business电子业务EC security program电子商务安全程序EC security strategy电子商务安全策略e-check电子支票E-co-ops采购群体e-distributor电子分销商Edutainment教育与娱乐为一体E-government电子政务e-grocer电子杂货店ElasticityE-learning电子学习E-learning在线学习electronic (online) banking (e-banking)电子银行electronic auction (e-auction)电子拍卖electronic bill presentment and payment (EBPP) electronic catalog电子目录Electronic commerce (EC)电子商务electronic data interchange (EDI)电子数据交换Electronic market (e-marketplace)电子市场Electronic Product Code (EPC)电子产品代码electronic retailing (e-tailing)电子零售商electronic shopping cart电子购物车Electronic voting电子选举e-loyalty电子忠诚度e-marketplace电子市场e-micropayment网上小额支付Encryption algorithm加密算法Encryption加密enterprise invoice presentment and payment (EIPP)e-procurement电子采购e-sourcing电子资源e-supply chain电子供应链e-supply chain management (e-SCM)电子供应链管理e-tailers电子零售商E-tailing网络零售Exchange (electronic)交易所exchanges (trading exchanges or trading communities)贸易交易市场Exchange-to-exchange (E2E) 交易所对交易所Expert location systems专家定位系统Exposure暴露Extranet 外联网E-zines电子杂志Firewall防火墙forward auction正向拍卖Fraud欺骗front end前端Government-to-business (G2B)Government-to-citizens (G2C)政府和民众间的电子政务Government-to-employees (G2E)政府和雇员间的电子政务Government-to-government (G2G)政府间的电子政务Grid computing网格计算Group decision support system (GDSS)群决策支持系统group purchasingGroup purchasing群体采购Groupware群件Hashhit点击Honeynet蜜网Honeypots 蜜罐Horizontal exchange横向交易所Horizontal marketplace横向市场Hotfixhotspot接入点Human firewallIndirect materials间接物料infomediaries信息中介Information assurance (IA)信息保障Information intelligenceInformation portalsinformation portal信息门户Integrity完整性interactive marketing交互销售intermediary中介Internal procurement marketplace内部采购市场Internet ecosystem互联网生态系统Internet radio互联网广播Internet-based (web) EDI基于互联网的EDI Interorganizational information systems (IOSs) 企业间信息系统Interstitial插播式广告Intrabusiness EC企业内部电子商务Intranet内联网Intrusion detection system (IDS) 入侵检测系统Key space密钥空间Keyword banners关键字横幅Knowledge management (KM)知识管理Knowledge portal知识门户letter of credit (LC)Localization地区化Location-based commerce (LBC)定区电子商务Location-based commerce (l-commerce)定位商务Macro virus (macro worm)宏病毒Malware恶意软件Market liquidityMarket makerMarket segmentations市场细分Marketspace市场空间mashups混搭Maverick buyingM-business移动业务Merchant brokering商业经纪人Message digest报文摘要Mobile commerce (m-commerce)移动商务Mobile computing移动计算Mobile portal移动门户MRO (maintenance, repair, and operation)multichannel business model多渠道商业模式Name-your-own-price model开价模式Netizen网民Nonrepudiation不可否认性Nontechnical attack非技术性入侵on-demand delivery service按需送货服务One-to-one marketing一对一营销Online intermediary电子中介Online publishing网络出版Organizational knowledge base组织知识库Packet filter包过滤Packet-filtering router包过滤路由器Packet包Partner relationship management (PRM)Passive token被动证书Patch补丁payment card支付卡payment service provider (PSP)支付服务提供商Peer-to-peer (P2P) 端到端应用Permission advertising (permission marketing)许可广告Personal firewall个人防火墙Personalization个性化Personalization个性化person-to-person lending个人对个人贷款Phishing网络欺诈Plaintext明文Podcast播客PodcasterPolicy of least privilege (POLP)Pop-under ads弹底广告Pop-up ads弹出广告PretextingPrevention measurePrivate e-marketplaces私有电子市场Private key私钥Private marketplaces私有市场Procurement采购Procurement management采购管理Product brokering产品经纪人Product lifecycle management (PLM)产品生命周期管理Protocol tunneling协议隧道Proxies代理Public (asymmetric) key encryption 公钥加密Public e-marketplaces公共电子市场Public key infrastructure (PKI) 公钥基础设施purchasing card (p-card)采购卡Radio frequency identification (RFID)射频识别技术Random banners随机横幅Reintermediation再中介化Reintermediation再中介化Request for quote (RFQ)报价申请Revenue model收益模式Reverse auction (bidding or tendering system)逆向拍卖Rijndael劫持Rootkit隐匿技术RSARuBeeScreen sharing software屏幕共享软件Search engine搜索引擎search engine搜索引擎Secure Socket Layer (SSL) 安全套接层Sell-side e-marketplace买方电子市场Sell-side e-marketplace卖方电子市场semantic web语义网Service pack服务包Service-oriented architecture服务导向型架构settlement交易结算shopping portals购物门户网站shopping robots (shopbots or shopping agents)购物机器人smart card智能卡smart card operating system智能卡操作系统smart card reader智能卡读卡器SMEs中小型企业social bookmarking社交书签Social computing社会计算Social engineering社会型攻击social marketplace社会市场social media社会媒体social network analysis (SNA)社交网络分析Social networks社交网络social network社交网络Software (intelligent ) agent软件（智能）代理Spamming垃圾邮件兜售Spot buying实时采购Spy-phishingSpywareGuide 间谍软件Spyware间谍软件Standard of due care应有关注标准Stickiness粘性stored-value card储值卡Storefront网上店铺Strategic (systematic) sourcing战略式采购Supplier relationship management (SRM)Supply chain 供应链Supply chain management (SCM)供应链管理Symmetric (private) key system对称密钥（私钥）系统Technical attacks技术型攻击Teleconferencing电信会议Tendering (bidding) system投标系统Time-to-exploitation入侵时间Transaction log事务日志Transport Layer Security (TLS)传输层安全Trojan horse特洛伊木马Tronjan-Phisher-ReberyTrust信任度Unique visitUniversal man-in-the-middle phishing kitUser profile用户资料Value proposition价值主张Value-added networks (VANs)增值网络Vendor-management inventory (VMI)供应商管理库存Vertical exchange纵向交易所Vertical marketplaces垂直市场Video teleconference视频电信会议Viral marketing病毒营销Viral marketing病毒营销virtual (Internet ) community虚拟社区virtual (pure-play) e-tailers虚拟电子零售商Virtual (pure-play) organizations虚拟企业virtual credit card虚拟信用卡Virtual meetings虚拟会议Virtual private network (VPN) 虚拟专用网Virtual university虚拟大学Voice portal语音门户Voice-over-IP (VoIP)Vortals纵向门户Web 2.0Web bugs网络爬虫Web mining网页挖掘Web Services网络服务Webcasting网络广播Webcasting网络广播Webinars在线研讨会Weblogging (blogging)微博客WikiLog (wikilog or wiki)维基博客Workflow工作流Workflow management工作流管理Workflow systems工作流系统XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language)可扩展商业报告语言XML (eXtensible Markup Language)可扩展标记语言Zero-day incident零日事故Zombie僵尸。
罗斯蒙特1151压力变送器快速安装手册说明书
京制00000262号罗斯蒙特 1151模拟型© 2009 Rosemount Inc.（罗斯蒙特公司）版权所有。
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Rosemount 和Rosemount 的标识均为Rosemount Inc.的注册商标。
开始结束压力变送器Emerson Process Management Rosemount Division8200 Market Boulevard Chanhassen, MN USA 55317T (US) (800) 999-9307T (Intnl) (952) 906-8888F (952) 949-7001Emerson Process Management GmbH & Co. OHGArgelsrieder Feld 382234 WesslingGermanyT 49 (8153) 9390F49 (8153) 939172Emerson Process Management Asia Pacific Private Limited1 Pandan CrescentSingapore 128461T (65) 6777 8211F (65) 6777 0947/65 6777 0743北京远东罗斯蒙特仪表有限公司中华人民共和国北京市东城区和平里北街6号100013电话 (86) (10) 5865 2666传真 (86) (10) 6428 7640本安装手册提供了Rosemount®公司1151系列变送器安装的基本指导方针。
不提供组态、诊断、维护、检修、排除故障、防爆防燃以及本质安全(I.S.)等的安装指导。
更多的操作指导请查阅1151产品参考手册(文件编号00809-0100-4360)，也可访问网站查阅手册的电子版本。
爆炸可能会导致死亡或重伤:•变送器在爆炸性环境下的安装必须符合地方、国家和国际的相关标准、规范以及准则。
电脑代工厂商常用英文缩写
Short Interpretation中文含义ASAP As Soon As Possible尽快AVL Approved Vendor List得到承认的厂商名单BOM Bill Of Materials物料清单BPM Business Process Management我们一个线上签核的系统BTF Build To Forecast按需求生产BTO Build To Order按订单生产BTW By The Way顺便说一下CCBU Cloud Computing Business Unit云端计算事业部CPU Central Processing Unit中央处理中心CRD Customer Request Date客人需求日期CTO Configure To Order按订单装配DCR Design Change Request更改设计的需求DOA Dead On Arrival到货就是不良品DVT Design Verification Test试产阶段的一个步骤，设计验证测试EC Electronic Commerce电子商务ECN Engineering Change Notice工程更改通知单ECR Engineering Change Request工程更改需求单EDI Electronic Data Interchange电子数据交换，客人都是通过这种方式给我们业务需求的EE Electrical Engineering电子工程师EOD End Of Design终止设计EOL End Of Life生命结束ERP Enterprise Resource Plan企业资源计划ETA Estimated Time of Arrival大概到货时间ETD Estimated Time of Departure 大概出货时间EVT Engineering Verification Test试产阶段的一个步骤，工程验证测试FA Final Assembly最后组装FAE Failure Analysis Engineer失效分析工程师FQA Final Quality Assurance最重品质保证FYI For Your Information供您参考FYR For Your Reference供您参考IA Indemnity Agreement保证合约IC Integrated Circuit集成电路IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics E电气和电子工程师协会IQC Incoming Quality Control来料品质控制JIT Just In time准时生产方式KPI Key Performance Indicator关键绩效指标KRA Key Result Area主要成绩项目L/T Lead Time提前期LTB Last Time Buy最后一次购买MD Material Declaration物料声明ME1Material Engineer物料工程师ME2Mechanical Engineering机构工程师MIS Management Information System信息管理系统MOQ Minimum Order Quantity最小下单量MPQ Minimum Package Quantity最小包装量MPS Master Production Schedule主生产排程MRO Maintenance, Repair & Operations维护，维修，运行MRP Material Requirement Planning物料需求计划NPI New Product Introduction新机种导入ODM Original Design Manufacture原始设计商OEM Original Entrusted Manufacture原始代理商，贴牌OT Over Time过期P/N Part Number料号PA Purchase Agreement采购合约PC Production Controller生产控制，生管PCB Printed Circuit Board印刷电路板PCBA Printed Circuit Board Assembly印刷电路板组装PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect周边组件互相连接规格PDM Product Data Management产品数据管理PE Produce Engineer生产工程师PJE Project Engineer项目工程师PM Project Manager项目管理PMC Production & Material Controller生产&物料控制PO Purchase Order采购订单PR Purchase Request采购需求PSL Preferred Supplier List倾向于的厂商列表PVT Process Verification Test过程验证测试QA Quality Assurance品质保证QRDC Quanta Research & Development Cent广达研发中心QSMC Quanta Shanghai Manufacture City 广达上海制造成R&D Research & Development研发RMA Return/Reject Material Authorization拒绝物料认可RoHS Restriction of Hazardous Substances危害物质限用指令RTF Response To Forecast需求回馈SAP System, Application, and Products in d一种ERP系统，集成很多模块在一起的SMT Surface Mounted Technology表面粘贴技术SQE Supplier Quality Engineer供应商品质工程师TAT Turn Around Time往返时间TBD To Be Determined待定VMI Vendor Managed Inventory供应商管理库存VP Vice President副总WH WareHouse仓库WIP Working In Process在制品。
Performance Evaluation and Management(绩效评估和管理)
3. Supervisor, after consulting with the employee, establishes the criteria for assessing the accomplishment of the objectives
Time consuming, must be disciplined to log in incidents, reveals critical behaviors that can be fed back easily.
Difficult to develop, time consuming, great for providing specific feedback to aid in improving performance.
oriented, does not engage in comparisons among employees.
9 - 18
MBO Program Process (1 of 2)
1. Supervisor and employee conduct meetings to define key tasks of the subordinate and to set a limited number of objectives (goals)
5. Discuss the evaluation with the employee
6. Make decisions and file the evaluation
பைடு நூலகம்
电信公司项目管理咨询案例英文
WBS FORTELECOM CONTRACT IMPLEMENTATIONPROJECTSWen Feng1Alcatel Telecommunications Shenzhen Co., Ltd. April 3, 2002KEY WORDSWBS, Work Breakdown Structure, Project Scope Definition, Project Planning1 ABSTRACTSIn this paper, telecom projects are categorized into three parts with examples: Contract Implementation Projects, System Development Projects and Process Improvement Projects. Creation and adaptation of WBSs for Contract Implementation Projects are discussed in detail, based upon four scenarios assumed. Finally, classical tools and techniques for WBS are reviewed in brief.2 INTRODUCTIONThe Work Breakdown Structure or WBS is an output from project scope definition process, which greatly contributes to the quality of project planning results and, consequently, the successfulness of any project. In the area of project management, one can never over-emphasize the importance to establish a WBS properly, right before an organization begins to commit its significant resources to any intended undertakings.1Wen Feng, Deputy General Manager of Alcatel Telecommunications Shenzhen Co., Ltd., certified PMP, joined in Alcatel in 2000, currently responsible for project and quality management. In 1992, he worked as an engineer in test automation R&D projects in Shenzhen Huawei Technical Co., Ltd. He started his career as a project manager in Singapore Telecom Limited in 1995, managing telecom switching system implementation projects.Due to its very nature, any project, by definition, is unique in certain aspects. This means that one can almost always expect some differences between existing projects and the previous ones. For instance, different customers, changing business environment, new technologies, newly formed project teams, extended scope of deliverables or other additional constraints.Needless to say, project managers and teams in a performing organization have to pay special attention to the differences among projects so as to successfully establish or adapt corresponding WBSs.In this paper, telecom projects are categorized into three parts with examples: Contract Implementation Projects, System Development Projects and Process Improvement Projects. Creation and adaptation of WBSs for Contract Implementation Projects are discussed in detail, based upon four scenarios assumed. Finally, classical WBS tools and techniques are reviewed briefly.3 WHAT MAKES PROJECTS DIFFERENT?A project is deemed new or different due to numerous reasons, and the same applies to any telecom projects. Table 1 provides a way to categorize the causes that make a project somewhat different in the eyes of the project stakeholders, particularly of the project manager and the team members.4 TELECOM PROJECT TYPESGenerally speaking, telecom projects can be classified into three categories: Contract Implementation Projects, System Development Projects and Process Improvement Projects.Contract Implementation ProjectsContract Implementation Projects are undertaken to fulfil the contractual obligations by the contractor and its customer. For example, a telecom system supplier (A) signs a contract with an incumbent telecom operator in China (B) to build a pre-defined GSM System in Beijing. A thus launches a Contract Implementation Project in order to deliver the GSM System to B as per what has been stipulated in the contract. Figure 1 shows an example of the WBS of Contract Implementation Projects. Note that only three layers of the WBS are depicted in Figure 1, as the lower layers tend to be more technical-oriented. There are four activities in the second layer, namely project initiating, planning, implementing and closing. This is in conformity to relative project management standards. The third layer covers major tasks under each activity in the upper layer. The decomposition of tasks will carry on till the work packages are adequately manageable.System Development ProjectsSystem Development Projects are the ones initiated within the project organization aiming at creating certain new products and/or services to gain competitive advantages in the market. For example, a telecom system supplier begins a R&D project to develop a state-of-the-art e-business platform so that a banking customer can provide the public its services through a full-electronic means and remotely. Figure 2 shows an example of the WBS of System Development Projects.Process Improvement ProjectsFinally, Process Improvement Projects are targeted to improve the business processes within the project organization or improve part/full of the supplier chain through interaction with related customers and suppliers. Typical examples are to establish an ISO9001-based quality management system, to implement a Custom Relationship Management (CRM) system, to upgrade an ERP system, and so on. Figure 3 shows an example of the WBS of Process Improvement Projects.5 SCENARIO 1: WBS FOR PROJECTS OF DIFFERENT TYPESIt is pretty obvious from Figure 1, 2 and 3 that the three types of projects, namely Contract Implementation Projects, System Development Projects and Process Improvement Projects are very different in nature. In addition, the WBSs for System Development Projects and Process Improvement Projects can drastically different due to numerous possibilities of project deliverables to be achieved. It is therefore highly recommended to establish one WBS template for each project type.It is not uncommon that the WBSs for System Development Projects and Process Improvement Projects need to be established on a case-by-case basis and quite often from scratch. The rest part ofthe paper will be focusing on the Contract Implementation Projects.6 SCENARIO 2: WBS FROM SCRATCHQuite a few cases have been encountered when people ask why so many Contract Implementation Projects are struggling all the time, if not failed or cancelled. (No exception for other types of telecom projects) Also, many start to think of establishing their own project management procedures or even systems. In this case, WBS templates have to be produced from scratch for coming projects, if no single WBS has ever been in existence.When doing so, the WBS layers should defined in such a way that the different projects of the same type require only minimal changes to the WBS. A practical way to structure the WBS template so that for a concrete project, the upper layers of its WBS need to change much less than the lower layers. For example, in Figure 1, the upper three layers can be applied to any Contract Implementation Project with very little change.Another popular way in practice is to structure the WBS in terms of "Nodes" of a telecommunications network. Because topologically any telecom system can be perceived as a combination of ''Nodes" and "Links". Figure 4 illustrates the structure of the WBS in terms of"Nodes".This kind of WBS can be quite convenient and effective, when the focus is on material management. However, due to the fact that number of nodes for different projects vary from several to hundreds, the WBS has to change greatly to cover the entire project node-by-node. Furthermore, overlapping and repetition of tasks cross the nodes in the next layer of the WBS make things even tougher to handle. For instance, planning is in reality not performed on a node-by-node basis, and so do many other tasks like initiating and closing in order for the project implementation to be cost-effective.7 SCENARIO 3: WBS FOR PROJECTS OF SAME TYPEIf a project organization has properly maintained WBS templates for Contract Implementation Projects, then only minimal change is required to obtain a workable WBS whenever there is a project. Let us still take Figure 1 as an example. In this case, the upper three layers of WBS applies straightforward with no change at all.Differences take place at the lower layers of the WBS, if the scale of project justifies that the layers are necessary. Typical amendments are project scope such as a system with nine nodes versus one with 99 nodes, different geographical locations such as mountainous, hilly or plain areas in the country, etc. Nevertheless, these amendments can be done only by "copy and paste". Figure 5provides a further breakdown of the activity "Installation".Although the tasks like site inspection, local logistics, hardware installation and software test appear to be repetitive over the nodes, in fact it is necessary that they be treated separately due to different locations, even though they could be located close enough - within the same city like GSM system.8 SCENARIO 4: WBS FOR BRAND-NEW TELECOM SYSTEMSIn today's fast growing telecommunications industry and most dynamic marketplace worldwide, new products have been developed and brought into the market at a speed of several months, and new feature release or software upgrading in weeks. It is not uncommon that project organizations face with tremendous difficulties adapting their resources to cope with brand-new Contract Implementation Projects. For instance, from wire-line systems to wireless ones, from circuit switching to packet switching, or from narrow-band to broadband, and so on. All of these will have definite impacts on the WBS.When creating a WBS for a Contract Implementation Project with brand-new technology or system, one needs to identify carefully the differences of engineering needs caused. Let us take the task "Site Survey" in Figure 1 as an example. If the WBS was originally for wire-line systems, and then the task can be decomposed mainly into power supply, machine house, network connection and cabling subtasks. However, if a wireless system is to be implemented, then subtasks such as radio-testing, tower availability and lightening protection must be added. This is illustrated inFigure 6 - WBS Change due to Wireless Technology.9 PROVEN TOOLS AND TECHNIQUESWhatever the scenario seems to be, many proven project management tools and techniques about WBS are valid. Among them are brainstorming, expert judgement, templates, decomposition and configuration management. What is the most important is when and how to combine them to establish an appropriate WBS cost-effectively.BrainstormingBrainstorming has been quite frequently used to identify problems, root causes and solutions through team effort. WBS is among one of the key topics, but normally brainstorming is used to review WBSs for coming projects. Results can be obtained efficiently and most of the time effectively. Brainstorming can be best applied when team members are readily prepared in terms of knowledge and experience. Otherwise it can also be very ineffective or simply wasting of time. For example, if a team has only been doing switching system implementation, when creating WBS for a optical cable project, better seeking for experts in that field instead of storming the brain.Expert JudgementThe key issue here is how to define the term "Expert". In practice, it is less difficult to find technical or engineering experts with sufficient knowledge and experiences. Unfortunately, not the case to have someone with project management expertise at the same time. Therefore, care must be taken to make sure that experts are working with project managers in coordinated way. For example, the experts usually tend to agree with the WBS in Figure 4 other than the one in Figure 1 for a Contract Implementation Project.DecompositionThe key question here is "When should I stop?" For Contract Implementation Projects, the duration of work packages is dependent upon the level of effort per node, which is approximately 1-5 days depending upon technology and local logistics. Experiences have shown that 40 hours or one week for the duration of a work package could be appropriate.TemplatesIn a properly maintained project management system, WBS templates can be of great help to project planning in terms of efficiency and effectiveness. In a projectized organization, project management system and quality management system is often interchangeable. Otherwise it is recommended to have the former within the latter. The reason is simple. Quality management system has well-defined and proven international standard - ISO9001- to follow, and not the case for project management system.Configuration ManagementThe very philosophy of configuration management is, in many times, a critical tool for the creating and adapting project WBSs, especially for complex telecom projects. Whenever there is a change in one part of a WBS, the rest parts have to be reviewed to make sure all elements in the WBS have consistency as per the project scope. For example, in Figure 6, changes have made to adapt a WBS for wire-line system to one for wireless system. One has to make sure that the subtasks added, i.e. radio testing, tower availability and lightening protection should be done for all "site survey" tasks (meaning for all the nodes) in the WBS. Even more importantly, the scope of subtask "cabling" should be extended to the dimensioning from the outdoor antenna to the indoor equipment, which is not required for a wire-line system.10 REFERENCESA Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge, PMI, USA, 1996.。
什么是EPC,EPCM,EP,EC,PM,PMC管理模式
什么是EPC，EPCM，EP，EC，PM，PMC管理模式EPC，是Engineering，Procurement，Construction三个英文字母的缩写，也就是设计＋采购＋建设，就是我们常说的总承包。
EPCM加上了一个Management，意思是你雇一个EPCM管理公司来替你管理以上3项内容。
EPCM模式，即设计采购与施工管理(EPCM——Engineering Procurement Construction Management)是指，承包商全权负责工程项目的设计和采购，并负责施工阶段的管理，这是一种目前在国际建筑业界通行的项目交付模式。
同时，EPCM管理方还需要对项目的其他方面进行管理，如：设计、采购和施工阶段的进度，与相关部门的沟通，准备成本规划、成本估算和文件控制等。
由于它对工程承办企业的总包能力、综合能力，以及技术和管理水平的要求较高，而国内大多数施工企业在项目管理、技术创新、信息化建设上与国际水平还有一定的差距，因此EPCM模式在国内尚未得到普及和推广。
EPCM模式的特点分析在EPCM模式下，业主提出投资的意图和要求后，把项目的可行性研究、勘察、设计、材料、设备采购以及全部工程的施工，都交给所选中的一家管理公司（EPCM管理方）负责实施；由EPCM管理方根据业主的要求，为业主选择、推荐最适合的分包商来协助完成项目，但其本身与分包商之间不存在合同关系，也无需承担合同与财政风险。
PMC是Project Management Control TeamPMC就是项目管理公司，一般是由国际上比较知名的工程公司来承担，比如Fost wheeler，Fluro等，主要做项目前期的策划和评估，然后和业主一起组织对项目进行EPC或EPCM模式的发包，并代表业主负责对项目执行过程中进行全面管理。
Purchasing process -----made by Sunny
9
Procurement procedure and process flow
* About general business: 4.1 General procurement procedure (document # is “MP-06-001”) 4.2 Material Management process flow * About ordering: 4.3 Order release flow chart 4.4 L/T reduction process 4.5 MOQ process flow * About SCM: 4.6 EC (Electronic Commerce) process flow 4.7 Critical material escalation flow and time fence 4.8 Quanta EOL control process 4.9 RMA process flow chart 4.10 DZ Hub operation flow chart * About vender management: 4. 11New Supplier Developing flow chart 4.12 Sample approve process flow chart 4.13 ECN process flow chart 4.14 2nd source phase in flow chart * Related to customer: 4.15 Price loop between vender, Quanta and customer 4.16 Customer’s consigned parts transfer to turnkey process flow
物管(Material control ,MC)0% 生管(PC, production control)0% * QCI=Incoming Quality control/check * AQL=允收标准
PM-LOGON 版本 2.5 发行说明说明书
Release: 2023-08-10 Copyright (C) Siemens AG 2023UnrestrictedIf you have any queries, please contact the hotline (WinCC Competence Center Mannheim)Tel.: (+49) 621 1723-1010.Please state the identification number (software product label) and the "Key ID" (you find it in the PM-License Manager).•The PC components PM-LOGON Runtime, PM-LOGON Server and PM-LOGON Configurator are only compatible with each other in the same version.•PM-LOGON Runtime for Panels V1.x to V2.0 is upward and downward compatible with PM-LOGON Runtime V1.x to V2.0.•For the correct operation of the USB dongle it is necessary that voltage fluctuations at the USB port are avoided. We therefore recommend at use of USB equipment which obtains its supply directly from the USB port, to insert a USB hub with its own a power supply.•Productive operation in virtualized environments or RDP-Sessions is not generally supported; the compatibility depends amongst other prerequisites on the used card reader device.If you are planning to use PM-LOGON in a productive virtualized environment, please contact the WinCC Competence Center in Mannheim.•The connection between an RFID reader and an RFID transponder is a radio link that can be negatively affected by other electrical fields, e.g. from mobile phones, power supply units, Wifi adapters. The quality of this radio connection also depends on the reader used and the type of transponder used. PM-LOGON can therefore not influence the stability of this radio connection and therefore cannot guarantee it.•The installation and operation of PM-LOGON on an Active Directory Domain Controller is not supported. •For reasons of data protection from PM-LOGON V1.1 on the Unique Identifiers (UID) of the assigned transponders are stored encrypted in the User Repository. User Repositories created with PM-LOGON V1.0 must be migrated with the first start of PM-LOGON Configurator. If you plan to upgrade from a PM-LOGON V1.0 installation, please contact the WinCC Competence Center Mannheim.After migration, the User Repository is not compatible with prior versions of PM-LOGON V1.1 anymore. •During the installation of PM-LOGON the service "PMSecurityService" is also installed. During the installation of the service, a local user account named "PMSecurityService" is automatically created and assigned to the service as an execution account. The user is created with a randomly generated password and assigned to the local administrators group. If the machine is a member of a domain, the group policies may need to be adjusted so that the "PMSecurityService" user remains in the local administrators group. •Important notice:A change of the service execution account of the PMSecurityService or a change of the password of theexecution account may cause that the data stored in the user repository can no longer be read.For the installation of PMSecurityService the service "Server" (file and printer sharing) must not bedeactivated.•Contrary to what is stated in the PM-LOGON operating manual (chap. 10.3 UMC with central user management and Unified Comfort Panels), RFID logon to the Unified Comfort Panel with central user management is currently not yet supported by WinCC Unified Runtime V18.Release: 2023-08-10 Copyright (C) Siemens AG 2023 System Requirements•Hardware Requirements:•Supported card readers:For additional information concerning supported card readers please contact the WinCC Competence Center Mannheim.UnrestrictedRelease: 2023-08-10 Copyright (C) Siemens AG 2023 •Software requirements:(1) Microsoft Windows 10 Enterprise LTSB 2015 is explicitly excluded because it does not support .NET 4.8.Additionally, please note the system requirements of the listed components and their dependencies among each other.UnrestrictedRelease: 2023-08-10 Copyright (C) Siemens AG 2023 Security informationIn order to protect plants, systems, machines and networks against cyber threats, it is necessary to implement –and continuously maintain – a holistic, state-of-the-art industrial security concept. Siemens’ products and solutions constitute one element of such a concept. For more information about industrial security, please visit https:///industrialsecurity.Unrestricted。
Operations Management Statistical Process Control[
Variables Charts
Attributes Charts
R Chart
X Chart
P Chart
C Chart
18
Statistical Process Control Steps
Start
Produce Good Provide Service
Take Sample
I n s pect Sample
¨
¨ LCL and UCL ¨ p-charts and C-charts
¨
3
Learning Objectives -
Continued
When you complete t h i s chapter, you shou be able to Identify or Define: ¨ Acceptance sampling ¨ OC curve ¨ AQL and LTPD ¨ AOQ ¨ Producer’s and consumer’s risk
you measure, e . g . ,
which you focus on
• weight, length
defects
May be i n whole or i n ¨ Classify products as
f r a c t i o n a l numbers
either ‘ g o o d ’ or
Sampling distribution of the means
Process distribution of the sample
12
Process Control Charts
13
Control Chart Purposes
电子产品英文术语大全
小组成立问题说明实施并验证临时措施确定并验证根本原因选择并验证永久纠正措施实施永久纠正措施预防再发生小组祝贺PDCA：PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Action) (管理循环)MPQ: Material Packing Quantity (物料最小包装量)DSCN: Delivery Schedule Change Notice (交期变更通知)QAPS: Quality Assurance Process Sheet (品质工程表)DRP ：运销资源计划 (Distribution Resource Planning)DSS：决策支持系统 (Decision Support System)EC ：电子商务 (Electronic Commerce)EDI ：电子资料交换 (Electronic Data Interchange)EIS ：主管决策系统 (Excutive Information System)ＥＲＰ：企业资源规划 (Enterprise Resource Planning)FMS ：弹性制造系统 (Flexible Manufacture System)KM ：知识管理 (Knowledge Management)4L ：逐批订购法 (Lot-for-Lot)LTC ：最小总成本法 (Least Total Cost)LUC ：最小单位成本 (Least Unit Cost)MES ：制造执行系统 (Manufacturing Execution System)MPS ：主生产排程 (Master Production Schedule)MRP ：物料需求规划 (Material Requirement Planning)MRPⅡ：制造资源计划 (Manufacturing Resource Planning)OEM ：委托代工 (Original Equipment Manufacture)ODM ：委托设计与制造 (Original Design & Manufacture)OLAP：线上分析处理 (On-Line Analytical Processing)OLTP：线上交易处理 (On-Line Transaction Processing)OPT ：最佳生产技术 (Optimized Production Technology)PDCA：PDCA管理循环 (Plan-Do-Check-Action)PDM：产品数据管理系统 (Product Data Management)) RCCP：粗略产能规划 (Rough Cut Capacity Planning) SCM ：供应链管理 (Supply Chain Management)SFC ：现场控制 (Shop Floor Control)TOC：限制理论 (Theory of Constraints)TQC ：全面品质管制 (Total Quality Control)FYI/R:for your information/reference仅供参考ASAP:尽快S/T:Standard time标准时间TPM:total production maintenance：全面生产保养ESD Wrist strap：静电环IT:information technology信息技术，资讯科学CEO：Chief Executive Officer执行总裁COO：Chief Operaring Officer首席业务总裁SWOT：Strength,Weakness,Opportunity,Threat优势﹐弱点﹐机会﹐威胁Competence：专业能力Communication：有效沟通Cooperation：统御融合Vibration Testing：振动测试IDP：Individual Development Plan个人发展计划MRP：Material Requirement Planning物料需求计划MAT'S：Material材料LRR：Lot Rejeet Rate批退率ATIN：Attention知会3C：Computer ,Communication , Consumer electronic 消费性电子5W1H：When , Where , Who , What , Why , Ho5M: Man , Machine , Material , Method , Measurement人,机器,材料,方法,测量4MIE: Man,Material,Machine,Method,Environment人力,物力,财务,技术,时间(资源)7M1I: Manpower , Machine , Material , Method, Market , Management , Money , Information 人力，机器，材料，方法, 市场，管理，资金，资讯1 Accuracy 准确度2 Action 行动3 Activity 活动4 Analysis Covariance 协方差分析5 Analysis of Variance 方差分析6 Approved 承认7 Attribute 计数值8 Average 平均数9 Balance sheet 资产负债对照表10 Binomial 二项分配11 Brainstorming Techniques 脑力风暴法12 Cause and Effect Matrix 因果图(鱼骨图)13 CL:Center Line 中心线14 Check Sheets 检查表15 Complaint 投诉16 Conformity 合格（符合）17 Control 控制18 Control chart 控制(管制)图19 Correction 纠正20 Correlation Methods 相关分析法21 CPI: continuouse Process Improvement 连续工序改善22 Cross Tabulation Tables 交叉表23 CS: Customer Sevice 客（户）服（务）中心24 DSA: Defects Analysis System 缺陷分析系统25 Data 数据 Description:品名26 DCC: Document Control Center 文控中心27 Decision 决策、判定28 Defects per unit 单位缺点数29 Description 描述30 Device 装置31 Do 执行32 DOE: Design of Experiments 实验设计33 Element 元素34 Engineering recbnology 工程技35 Environmental 环境36 Equipment 设备37 Estimated accumulative frequency 计算估计累计数38 E Equipment Variation 设备变异39 External Failure 外部失效,外部缺陷40 FA: Failure Analysis 失效分析41 Fact control 事实管理42 Fatigue 疲劳43 FMEA: Failure Mode and Effect Analysis失效模式与效果分析44 FP First-Pass Yield （第一次通过）合格率45 FQA: Final Quality Assurance 最终品质保证46 FQC: Final Quality control 最终品质控制47 Gauge system 测量系统48 Grade 等级49 Histogram 直方图50 Improvement 改善51 Initial review 先期审查52 Inspection 检验53 Internal Failure 内部失效、内部缺陷54 IPQC: In Process Quality Control 制程品质控制55 IQC: Incomming Quality Control 来料品质控制56 IS International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织57 LCL: Lower Control limit 管制下限58 LQC: Line Quality Control 生产线品质控制59 LSL: Lower Size Limit 规格下限60 Machine 机械61 Manage 管理62 Materials 物料63 Measurement 测量64 Median 中位数65 MSA: Measurement System Analysis 测量系统分析66 Occurrence 发生率67 Operation Instruction 作业指导书68 Organization 组织69 Parto 柏拉图70 PPM arts per Million （百万分之）不良率71 Plan 计划72 Policy 方针73 Population 群体74 PQA: Process Quality Assurance 制程品质保证75 Practice 实务(践)76 Prevention 预防77 Probability 机率78 Probability density function 机率密度函数79 Procedure 流程80 Process 过程81 Process capability analysis 制程能力分析（图）82 Process control and Process capability制程管制与制程能力83 Product 产品84 Production 生产85 Projects 项目86 QA: Quality Assurance 品质保证87 QC: Quality Control 品质控制88 QE: Quality Engineering 品质工程89 QFD: Quality Function Desgin 品质机能展开(法)90 Quality 质量91 Quality manual 品质手册92 Quality policy 品质政策(质量方针)93 Random experiment 随机试验94 Random numbers 随机数95 R:Range 全距（极差）96 Reject 拒收97 Repair 返修98 Repeatusility 再现性99 Reproducibility 再生性100 Requirement 要求101 Responsibilities 职责102 Review 评审103 Reword 返工104 Rolled yield 直通率105 RPN: Risk Priority Number 风险系数106 Sample 抽样,样本107 Sample space 样本空间108 Sampling with replacement 放回抽样109 Sampling without replacement 不放回抽样110 Scatter diagram 散布图分析111 Scrap 报废112 Simple random sampling 简单随机取样113 Size 规格114 SL: Size Line 规格中心线115 Stratified random sampling 分层随机抽样116 SOP: Standard Operation Procedure 标准作业书117 SPC: Statistical Process Control 统计制程管制118 Specification 规范119 SQA: Source(Supplier) Quality Assurance 供货商品质保证120 Stage sampling 分段随机抽样121 Standard Deviation 标准差122 Sum of squares 平方和123 Taguchi-method 田口(试验)方法124 Theory 原理125 TQC: Total Quality Control 全面品质控制126 TQM: Total Quality Management 全面品质管理127 Traceablity 追溯128 Training 培训129 UCL: Upper Control Limit 管制（控制）上限130 USL: Upper Size Limit 规格上限131 Validation 确认132 Variable 计量值133 Verification 验证134 Version 版本135 VOC: Voice of Customer 客户需求136 VOE: Voice of Engineer 工程需求137 Inventory stock report:庫存清单报告138 Sales order report:出货报告质量人员名称类QC quality control 品质管理人员FQC final quality control 终点质量管理人员IPQC in process quality control 制程中的质量管理人员OQC output quality control 最终出货质量管理人员IQC incoming quality control 进料质量管理人员TQC total quality control 全面质量管理POC passage quality control 段检人员QA quality assurance 质量保证人员OQA output quality assurance 出货质量保证人员QE quality engineering 质量工程人员质量保证类FAI first article inspection 新品首件检查FAA first article assurance 首件确认CP capability index 能力指数CPK capability process index 模具制程能力参数SSQA standardized supplier quality audit 合格供货商质量评估FMEA failure model effectiveness analysis 失效模式分析FQC运作类AQL Acceptable Quality Level 运作类允收质量水平S/S Sample size 抽样检验样本大小ACC Accept 允收REE Reject 拒收CR Critical 极严重的MAJ Major 主要的MIN Minor 轻微的Q/R/S Quality/Reliability/Service 质量/可靠度/服务P/N Part Number 料号L/N Lot Number 批号AOD Accept On Deviation 特采UAI Use As It 特采FPIR First Piece Inspection Report 首件检查报告PPM Percent Per Million 百万分之一制程统计品管专类SPC Statistical Process Control 统计制程管制SQC Statistical Quality Control 统计质量管理GRR Gauge Reproductiveness & Repeatability 量具之再制性及重测性判断量可靠与否DIM Dimension 尺寸DIA Diameter 直径N Number 样品数其它质量术语类QIT Quality Improvement Team 质量改善小组ZD Zero Defect 零缺点QI Quality Improvement 质量改善QP Quality Policy 目标方针TQM Total Quality Management 全面质量管理RMA Return Material Audit 退料认可7QCTools 7 Quality Control Tools 品管七大手法通用之件类ECN Engineering Change Notice 工程变更通知(供货商) ECO Engineering Change Order 工程改动要求(客户) PCN Process Change Notice 工序改动通知PMP Product Management Plan 生产管制计划SIP Standard Inspection Procedure 制程检验标准程序SOP Standard Operation Procedure 制造作业规范IS Inspection Specification 成品检验规范BOM Bill Of Material 物料清单PS Package Specification 包装规范SPEC Specification 规格DWG Drawing 图面系统文件类ES Engineering Standard 工程标准CGOO China General PCE龙华厂文件IWS International Workman Standard 工艺标准ISO International Standard Organization 国际标准化组织GS General Specification 一般规格部类PMC Production & Material Control 生产和物料控制PCC Product control center 生产管制中心PPC Production Plan Control 生产计划控制MC Material Control 物料控制DC Document Center 资料中心QE Quality Engineering 质量工程(部)QA Quality Assurance 质量保证(处)QC Quality Control 质量管理(课)PD Product Department 生产部LAB Laboratory 实验室IE Industrial Engineering 工业工程R&D Research & Design 设计开发部生产类PCs Pieces 个(根,块等)PRS Pairs 双(对等)CTN Carton 卡通箱PAL Pallet/skid 栈板PO Purchasing Order 采购订单MO Manufacture Order 生产单D/C Date Code 生产日期码ID/C Identification Code (供货商)识别码L/N Lot Number 批号P/N Part Number 料号OEM Original Equipment Manufacture 原设备制造PC Personal Computer 个人计算机CPU Central Processing Unit 中央处理器As Soon As Possible 尽可能快的E-MAIL Electrical-Mail 电子邮件N/A Not Applicable 不适用QTY Quantity 数量I/O input/output 输入/输出NG Not Good 不行,不合格C=0 Critical=0 极严重不允许APP Approve 核准,认可,承认CHK Check 确认ASS'Y Assembly 装配,组装T/P True Position 真位度5WIH When, Where, Who, What, Why, How to6M Man, Machine, Material, Method, Measurement, Message4MTH Man, Material, Money, Method, Time, How 人力,物力,财务,技术,时间(资源) SQA Strategy Quality Assurance 策略质量保证DQA Design Quality Assurance 设计质量保证MQA Manufacture Quality Assurance 制造质量保证SSQA Sales and service Quality Assurance 销售及服务质量保证LRR Lot Reject Rate 批退率SPS Switching power supply 电源箱DT Desk Top 卧式(机箱)DVD Digital Video DiskVCD Video Compact DiskLCD Liquid Crystal DisplayCAD Computer Aided DesignCAM Computer Aided ManufacturingCAE Computer Aided EngineeringPCB Printed Circuit Board 印刷电路板CAR Correction Action Report 改善报告NG Not Good 不良WDR Weekly Delivery Requirement 周出货要求PPM Percent Per Million 百万分之一TPM Total Production Maintenance 全面生产保养MRP Material Requirement Planning 物料需计划OS Operation System 操作系统TBA To Be Assured 待定,定缺D/C Drawing ChangeP/P Plans & ProcedureEMI Electrical-Music Industry 电子音乐工业Electrical Magnetic Interference 电子干扰RFI Read Frequency Input 读频输入MMC Maximum Material ConditionMMS Maximum Material SizeLMC Least Material ConditionLMS Least Material SizeLED lighting-emitting diode 发光二极管QBR Quarter Business RecordFGI Forecasted Goal InventoryCNC Computerized numeral controllerB2C Business to customerB2B Business to businessAVL Approved vendor listPOP Procedure of packagingEOL End of lifeVDCS Vender defect correcting sheet PDCS Process defect correcting sheet GRN Goods receiving noteA/R Accounting receivableA/P Accounting payable专业词汇通用类president董事长operator作业员position职务general manager总经理special assistant 特助deputy manager |'depjuti| =vice manager副理deputy supervisor =vice supervisor副课长group leader组长line leader线长supervisor 课长Human Resources Department人力资源部Head count 人头数production department生产部门planning department企划部QC Section品管课stamping factory冲压厂painting factory烤漆厂molding factory成型厂administration/general affairs dept./总务部production unit生产单位meeting minutes会议记录distribution department分发单位subject主题conclusion结论decision items决议事项pre-fixed finishing date预定完成日Color management 颜色管理Visual management 目视管理production capacity生产力first count初盘first check初盘复棹second count 复盘second check复盘复核physical inventory盘点数量physical count quantity账面数量difference quantity差异量spare parts physical inventory list备品盘点清单cause analysis原因分析waste materials废料description品名specification 规格model机种work order工令revision版次remark备注registration登记registration card登记卡to control管制application form for purchase请购单consume, consumption消耗to notify通知to fill in填写to collect, to gather收集statistics统计cosmetic inspection standard 外观检验规范computer case 计算机外壳(组件)personal computer enclosure 计算机机箱产品front plate前板rear plate后板chassis |'∫æsi| 基座Hood 上盖base pan 基座bezel 面板riser card 扩充卡flat cable 排线TOP driver cage 上磁架bottom driver cage 下磁架resin film 树脂膜raw materials原料materials物料steel plate钢板roll/coil material卷料spare parts =buffer备品plastic parts塑料件sheet metal parts/stamping parts 冲件material check list物料检查表finished product成品semi-finished product半成品good product/accepted goods/ accepted parts/good parts良品defective product/non-good parts不良品disposed goods处理品warehouse/hub仓库packing material包材basket蝴蝶竺plastic basket胶筐flow chart流程窗体lots of production生产批量manufacture procedure制程to revise, modify修订to switch over to, switch—to, switching over切换engineering bottleneck, project difficulty工程瓶颈glove(s)手套glove(s) with exposed fingers割手套Band-Aid创可贴Industrial alcohol工业酒精broom扫把mop拖把vacuum cleaner吸尘器rag 抹布garbage container灰箕garbage can垃圾箱garbage bag垃圾袋liaison联络单rags抹布lamp holder灯架to mop the floor拖地to clean a table擦桌子air pipe 气管delivery deadline交货期die worker模工production, to produce生产equipment设备coolant冷却液crusher破碎机club car高尔夫球车plate电镀power button电源按键reset button重置键forklift叉车Workshop traveler 天车trailer =long vehicle拖板车Hydraulic trolley手压车hydraulic hand jack油压板车casing = containerization装箱velocity速度patent专利coordinate坐标supply and demand供求career card履历卡barricade隔板carton box纸箱to pull and stretch拉深work cell/work shop工作间sub-line支线bottleneck 瓶颈模具工程类forming die成型模progressive die连续模stage die工程模compound die复合模shearing die剪边模riveting die铆合模feature die公母模male die公模female die母模cavity型控母模core模心公模die change 换模to fix a die装模to repair a die修模punch set上模座punch pad上垫板punch holder上夹板stripper pad脱料背板up stripper上脱料板upper plate上模板lower plate下模板die pad下垫板die holder下夹板die set下模座bottom block下垫脚upper supporting blank上承板upper padding plate blank上垫板top plate上托板（顶板）top block上垫脚stripping plate内外打(脱料板)outer stripper外脱料板inner stripper内脱料板lower stripper下脱料板punch冲头insert入块(嵌入件)deburring punch压毛边冲子groove punch压线冲子stamped punch字模冲子round punch圆冲子special shape punch异形冲子bending block折刀roller滚轴baffle plate挡块located block定位块supporting block for location定位支承块air cushion plate气垫板air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆trimming punch切边冲子stiffening rib punch = stinger 加强筋冲子ribbon punch压筋冲子reel-stretch punch卷圆压平冲子sliding block滑块sliding dowel block滑块固定块die locker锁模器pressure plate =plate pinch压板thickness gauge厚薄规cutting die, blanking die冲裁模die block模块folded block折弯块sliding block滑块location pin定位销lifting pin顶料销die plate, front board模板padding block垫块stepping bar垫条panel board镶块to load a die装上模具to unload a die 御模具active plate活动板lower sliding plate下滑块板upper holder block上压块upper mid plate上中间板spring box弹簧箱spring-box eject-rod弹簧箱顶杆spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板bushing block衬套cover plate盖板trim剪外边pierce剪内边pocket for the punch head挂钩槽slug hole废料孔radius半径shim/wedge/heel/pad/spacer/gasket楔子torch-flame cut火焰切割set screw止付螺丝form block折刀round pierce punch =die button圆冲子shape punch =die insert异形子stock located block定位块metal plate钣金miller铣床grinder磨床tolerance公差score =groove压线sliding block滑块lathe车active plate活动板baffle plate挡块cover plate盖板groove punch压线冲子air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板capability能力driller钻床set up die架模height of die setting up架模高度analog-mode device类模器inner guiding post内导柱inner hexagon screw内六角螺钉dowel pin固定销coil spring弹簧lifter pin顶料销eq-height sleeves =spool等高套筒pin销lifter guide pin浮升导料销guide pin导正销wire spring圆线弹簧outer guiding post外导柱stop screw止付螺丝located pin定位销outer bush外导套press specification冲床规格die height闭模高度flow mark流痕welding mark溶合痕post screw insert螺纹套筒埋值self tapping screw自攻螺丝stripper plate脱料板handle mold手持式模具flash mold溢流式模具positive mold挤压式模具split mold分割式模具die lifter举模器top stop上死点bottom stop下死点one stroke一行程to continue, cont.连动to grip(material)吸料location lump, locating piece, location block定位块reset复位to file burr 锉毛刺embedded lump |in'bed| mp|镶块|lstamping-missing漏冲to tight a bolt拧紧螺栓to loosen a bolt拧松螺栓punched hole冲孔to cut edge =side cut =side scrap 切边to bending折弯to pull, to stretch拉伸engraving, to engrave刻印stamping 油印to stake铆合designing, to design设计design modification 设计修改成pedal踩踏板stopper阻挡器flow board流水板torque扭矩spline =the multiple keys花键quenching淬火tempering回火annealing退火carbonization碳化alloy合金tungsten high speed steel钨高速的moly high speed steel钼高速的forming成型(抽凸,冲凸)draw hole抽孔bending折弯emboss凸点dome凸圆semi-shearing半剪stamp mark冲记号deburr or coin压毛边punch riveting冲压铆合side stretch侧冲压平reel stretch卷圆压平groove压线stamp letter冲字(料号)tick-mark nearside正面压印冲压类punch, press冲punching machine 冲床hydraulic machine油压机jack升降机decoiler整平机manufacture management制造管理stamping, press冲压feeder送料机rack, shelf, stack料架taker取料机to reverse material 翻料to load material上料to unload material卸料to return material/stock to退料scraped |'skræpid|报废scrape ..v.刮;削robot机械手production line流水线packaging tool打包机packaging打包成型类insulated runner绝缘浇道方式hot runner热浇道runner plat浇道模块valve gate阀门浇口band heater环带状的电热器spindle阀针spear head刨尖头slag well冷料井cold slag冷料渣air vent排气道welding line熔合痕eject pin顶出针knock pin顶出销return pin回位销反顶针sleeve套筒stripper plate脱料板insert core放置入子runner stripper plate浇道脱料板guide pin导销eject rod (bar)（成型机）顶业捧subzero深冷处理three plate三极式模具runner system浇道系统stress crack应力电裂orientation定向sprue gate射料浇口，直浇口sprue lock pin料头钩销(拉料杆) slag well冷料井side gate侧浇口edge gate侧缘浇口tab gate搭接浇口film gate薄膜浇口flash gate闸门浇口slit gate缝隙浇口fan gate扇形浇口dish gate因盘形浇口diaphragm gate隔膜浇口ring gate环形浇口submarine gate潜入式浇口tunnel gate隧道式浇口pin gate针点浇口runner less无浇道sprue less 无射料管方式long nozzle延长喷嘴方式spur浇口;溶waste废料board广告牌sliding rack滑料架to impose lines压线to compress, compressing压缩character die字模to feed, feeding送料feature change 特性变更prepare for, make preparations for 准备rotating speed, revolution转速abnormal handling异常处理组装类Assembly line组装线Layout布置图Conveyer流水线运输带Rivet machine拉钉机Rivet gun拉钉枪Screw driver起子Electric screw driver电动起子Hydraulic machine 液压机Pneumatic screw driver气动起子automation自动化to stake, staking, riveting铆合add lubricant oil加润滑油argon welding氩焊cylinder油缸robot机械手conveying belt输送带transmission rack输送架to draw holes抽孔bolt螺栓identification tag标示单screwdriver plug起子插座automatic screwdriver电动启子to move, to carry, to handle搬运be put in storage入库packing包装staker = riveting machine铆合机fit together组装在一起fasten锁紧(螺丝)fixture 夹具(治具)pallet/skid栈板barcode条形码barcode scanner条形码扫描仪fuse together熔合fuse machine/heat stake热熔机processing, to process加工delivery, to deliver 交货to return delivery to. to send delivery back to return of goods退货easily damaged parts易损件standard parts标准件to lubricate润滑spring 弹簧spare tools location/buffer手工备品仓spare molds location模具备品仓tox machine自铆机phosphate皮膜化成viscosity涂料粘度alkalidipping脱脂main manifold主集流脉organic solvent有机溶剂demagnetization去磁;消磁high-speed transmission高速传递heat dissipation热传rack上料volatile挥发性degrease脱脂rinse水洗alkaline etch龄咬desmot剥黑膜. rinse纯水次Chromate铬酸处理Anodize阳性处理seal封孔scraped products报放品disposed products处理品dismantle the die折模auxiliary function辅助功能heater band 加热片thermocouple热电偶degate打浇口dryer烘干机induction感应induction light感应光response =reaction =interaction感应ram连杆edge finder巡边器concave凸convex凹cold slug冷块blush 导色gouge沟槽;凿槽satin texture段面咬花witness line证示线grit沙砾granule =pellet =grain细粒sand blasting喷沙grit maker抽粒机cushion缓冲fillet镶;嵌边roller pin formality滚针形式cam driver铡楔shank摸柄crank shaft曲柄轴品质类qualified products, up-to-grade products良品defective products, not up-to-grade products不良品defective product box不良品箱poor processing 制程不良poor incoming part来件不良exposed metal/bare metal金属裸露excessive defect过多的缺陷critical defect极严重缺陷major defect主要缺陷minor defect次要缺陷not up to standard不合规格cosmetic defect外观不良lack of painting烤漆不到位slipped screw head/slippery slipped thread滑丝missing part漏件wrong part错件oxidation氧化defective threading抽芽不良poor staking铆合不良deficient purchase来料不良deficient manufacturing procedure制程不良cosmetic inspection外观检查inner parts inspection内部检查blister 气泡angular offset 角度偏差dent 压痕filings 铁削defective label 不良标签abrasion 磨损Breaking. (be)broken,(be)cracked 断裂short射料不足nick缺口speck瑕疪shine亮班splay 银纹gas mark焦痕delaminating起鳞speckle斑点mildewed =moldy = mouldy发霉deformation变形burr(金属)flash(塑件)毛边poor staking铆合不良excessive gap间隙过大grease/oil stains油污inclusion杂质shrinking/shrinkage缩水mixed color杂色fold of packaging belt打包带折皱painting make-up补漆discoloration羿色water spots水渍failure, trouble 故障deformation 变形rust 生锈peel 脱漆Shrink 缩水Contamination 脏污water spots 水渍Gap 间隙label error 标签错误Missing label 漏贴rejection criteria 拒收标准Suspected rejects 可疑庇abrasion 损伤、磨损Texture surface 印花纹表面Streak 条纹stains 污点Blotch 斑点discoloration 脱色Inclusion 杂质slug mark 压痕dirt grime 灰尘blush 毛边薄膜sink 下凹Hickey 漏漆labels and logos 贴纸与商标corrugated container 瓦摆纸箱Delaminating 脱层splattering 散点Gouge 锉孔puckering 折痕品管七大手法层别法：stratification直方图：histogram柏拉图：plato diagram查检表：check sheet特性要因图：charateristic diagram散布图：scatter diagram管制图：control diagramPSW零部件提交保证书QSA质量体系评定QSR质量体系要求Analysis of motion/ergonomic 运动/人机工程学分析Corrective action纠正措施FEA有限元分析Initial process study初始过程研究Layout inspection 全尺寸检查Quality pian质量计划Quality pianing质量策划AAR外观件批准IATF国际汽车工作组为了协调国际汽车质量系统规范，由世界上主要的汽车制造商及协会于1996年成立了一个专门机构，称为国际汽车工作组International Automotive Task Force (IATF) 。
Process_Management(流程管理)
综合小组的展望目标使所有参与人员的 工作进展进一步协调一致
流程理解
• 成员介绍 • 团队任务介绍 • 日程回顾 • 介绍 – 角色
– 后勤支持 • 收集期望
流程改进
流程审核和执行
持续改进
该方案可能会需要6周到6个月
… 17
理解和流线管理
阶段要点:
改进会准备
不管用多长时间才能在流程图上 开始出现好的征兆，也是正常的 。
10. Client Customer
Service / organisation / client externe à qui est destiné l’extrant du processus. Department / organization / external customer who receives the output of the process
• 减少挫折和失败
…3
摘要
• 4-阶段模型
• 第一阶段 定义 • 第二阶段 流线管理 • 第三阶段 优势借鉴 • 第四阶段 重新设计
…4
4-阶段的模型
第1阶段 第2阶段
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
定义
成熟/影响 确认流程责 度分析，选 出改进流程 任人/经理
流线管理
理解流程（ 识别非增值 画流程图） 流程 运用流线管 消除非增值 理 流程
… 29
流程理解
会议要求
• • • • • • • 不能保持沉默而不提问题/意见 所以人员必须参与 一次讨论一个问题 确保一个声音说话 未发生的事情不得记录 应该听从的才听 敞开思想
… 30
理解和流线管理
改进会准备
阶段要点: 不要呆板地坚持牛皮纸上的想象计 划，机会的“存在”是变化莫测的 。
业务流程管理--Business Process Management综述
企业流程管理Enterprise Process Management， EPM/Business Process Management， BPM什么是企业流程管理企业流程管理主要是对企业内部改革，改变企业职能管理机构重叠、中间层次多、流程不闭环等，使每个流程可从头至尾由一个职能机构管理，做到机构不重叠、业务不重复，达到缩短流程周期、节约运作资本的作用。
流程管理项目宗旨1.通过精细化管理提高受控程度2.通过流程的优化提高工作效率3.通过制度或规范使隐性知识显性化4.通过流程化管理提高资源合理配置程度5.快速实现管理复制流程管理的三种不同层次1.流程规范整理企业流程，界定流程各环节内容及各环节间交接关系，形成业务的无缝衔接，适合所有企业的正常运营时期。
2.流程优化适合企业任何时期，流程的持续优化过程，持续审视企业的流程和优化流程，不断自我完善和强化企业的流程体系。
3.流程再造重新审视企业的流程和再设计。
适合于企业的变革时期与企业的变革阶段：治理结构的变化、购并、企业战略的改变、商业模式发生变化、新技术、新工艺、新产品的出现、新市场的出现等等。
流程管理的基本特征企业的流程按其功能可以区分为业务流程与管理流程两大类别。
1、业务流程是指以面向顾客直接产生价值增值的流程；2、管理流程是指为了控制风险、降低成本、提高服务质量、提高工作效率、提高对市场的反应速度，最终提高顾客满意度和企业市场竞争能力并达到利润最大化和提高经营效益的目的的流程。
企业内的一切流程都应以企业目标为根本依据，尤其是管理流程：对外，面向客户，提高业务流程的效率对内，面向企业目标，提高管理流程的效率，平衡企业各方资源（生产线平衡），控制总体效率的平衡，实现企业总体绩效。
第一种观点:1.保证业务流程面向客户；2.保证管理流程面向企业目标；3.流程中的活动都是增值的活动；4.员工的每一个活动都是实现企业目标的一部分；5.流程持续改进，永不过时。
Operations Management：Process Strategy and Analysis
–
Multiple locations may be necessary
Resource Flexibility
• Workforce
– Flexible workforce
• Equipment
– General-purpose – Special-purpose
Figure 2.4
Application 2.1
– Operation - A group of human and capital resources performing all or part of one or more processes
Process Strategy Decisions
• Customer Involvement
• Resource Flexibility • Capital Intensity
Process Strategy
Figure 2.1
Process Structure in Services
DIMENSIONS OF CUSTOMER CONTACT IN SERVICE PROCESSES
Dimension
Physical presence What is processed Contact intensity Personal attention Method of delivery
• Job Process • Batch Process – Small or Large • Line Process • Continuous-Flow
Process Structure in Manufacturing
Figure 2.3
Production and Inventory Strategies
EC-Master-Technical_V1.0
FP
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acontis technologies GmbH · 88250 Weingarten · Germany
4
Master Core Features (3)
Feature name SoE Mailbox Protocol SoE Services AoE Mailbox Protocol AoE Services VoE Mailbox Protocol VoE Services Synchronization with Distributed Clock (DC) Initial propagation delay measurement, Offset compensation, Set start time, Continuous drift compensation, Sync window monitoring Master must synchronize itself on the reference clock. DC master synchronization (DCM). Slave-to-Slave Communication via Master, required for safety devices Master Class A Master Class B ----
-
acontis technologies GmbH · 88250 Weingarten · Germany
3
Master Core Features (2)
Feature name Master Class A Master Class B
品质管理-IECQ HSPM QC080000培训教材
YES
令
範
Main power 是否為電?
NO
圍
外
NO
對主要功能而言電是否必備條件?
設備之零組件不在對象產品類別之中? YES
RoHS指令範圍?
RoHS限制物质
重金属 • 镉(Cd) • 铅(Pb) • 汞(Hg) • 六价铬(Cr6+) 阻燃剂 • 多溴联苯(PBBS) • 多溴二苯醚(PBDES )
IECQ HSPM QC080000 培训教材
欧盟法律制度简介
在欧盟条约框架内,欧盟辅助性法规按照其实施目标可分 为四种类型:法令,指令,决议及建议和意见.
法令Regulations ---法令是一种具有普遍适用性和总约束力的法规; ---适用于所有成员包括成员中的自然人; ------经生效,各成员都必须执行,没有必要再制定相应的本国法令.
IEC：International Electrotechnical Commission国际电工委 员会
IECQ：IEC Quality Assessment System for Electronic Components国 际电子零件认证制度
ECCB：Electronic Components Certification Board美国电子零件认证 委员会
2006/310/EC 2006年4月28日 新增5个与铅有关的豁免项
共20项
2006/690/EC 2006/691/EC 2006/692/EC
2006年10月14日 新增9个与铅,镉,六价铬有关的豁免项
共29项
RoHS指令适用范围
• RoHS应适用于2002/96/EC (WEEE)附录IA规定的 1,2,3,4,5,6,7和10类电子电器产品.
REACH法规详解
ECHA (欧盟化学处)
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©CMATCL 2008
Basic elements of REACH REACH法规的基本元素
Definition (定义)
Substance 物质
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Preparation 制剂
Article 成品
©CMATCL 2008
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Basic elements of REACH REACH法规的基本元素
天然生成或是经生产制程取得之元素及其化合物，但不含所分離出的 溶剂
Example (例子): Chromium Sulphate (盐基性硫酸铬) Ethylene Glycol (乙二醇／甘醇)
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©CMATCL 2008
Basic elements of REACH REACH法规的基本元素
Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC) 高度关注物质
Details of exemption 豁免详情
Substances exempted from Annex IV & V 第四及五篇内的豁免物质
Substance considered to cause minimum risk (Annex IV) 仅导致极少风险的物质(附录4) Substance inappropriate for registration (Annex V) 不适当注册物质(附录5)
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©CMATCL 2008
3
Registration 注冊
Chemical Safety Report, CSR (>10 t/a) 化学安全报告(年入口量超过十吨)
Part A 第一部份 1. Summary of risk management measures