抽象词汇

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57个学术性词汇

1. abandon [ə'bændən] v.放弃；抛弃2. abstract ['æbstrækt, æb'strækt] a.抽象的n.摘要3. academy [ə'kædəmi] n.研究院；学院；学会4. access ['ækses, 'æksəs, æk'ses]n.接近；入口5. acmodate [ə'kɔmədeit] v.容纳；给…提供住宿；使适应6. acpany [ə'kʌmpəni] v.陪伴；伴随7. accumulate [ə'kju:mjuleit] v.积累8. accurate ['ækjurət] a.准确的9. achieve [ə'tʃi:v] v.完成；到达10. acknowledge [ək'nɔlidʒ] v.成认；致11. acquire [ə'kwaiə] v.获得12. adapt [ə'dæpt] v.使适应；改编13. adequate ['ædikwit] a.足够的14. adjacent [ə'dʒeisənt] a.毗连的；紧接着的15. adjust [ə'dʒʌst] v.调整；修改16. administration [əd,mini'streiʃən] n.管理；管理局；行政；政府17. adult ['ædʌlt, ə'dʌlt] n.&a.成人18. advocate ['ædvəkeit, 'ædvəkət] n.拥护者v.拥护19. affect [ə'fekt, 'æfekt] v.影响20. aggregate ['æɡriɡət, 'æɡriɡeit] a.总的n.总计v.总计21. aid [eid] v.帮助n.帮助；助手22. albeit [ɔ:l'bi:it] conj.虽然23. allocate ['æləukeit] v.分派24. alter ['ɔ:ltə] v.改变25. alternative [ɔ:l'tə:nətiv] n.替代物a.选择的26. ambiguous [æm'biɡjuəs] a.模棱两可的27. amend [ə'mend] v.修订；改正自新28. analogy [ə'nælədʒi] a.类似；比较；类推29. analyze ['ænəlaiz] v.分析30. annual ['ænjuəl] a.每年的n.年鉴31. anticipate [æn'tisipeit] v.预料32. apparent [ə'pærənt] a.明显的33. append [ə'pend] v.附上34. appreciate [ə'pri:ʃieit] v.欣赏；感谢35. approach [ə'prəutʃ] v.靠近n.方法36. appropriate [ə'prəuprieit, ə'prəupriət] a.恰当的37. appro*imate [ə'prɔksimit] a.近似的v.与…近似38. arbitrary ['ɑ:bitrəri] a.任意的；专断的39. area ['εəriə] n.地区；面积；领域40. aspect ['æspekt] n.方面；面貌41. assemble [ə'sembl] v.集合；装配；收集42. assess [ə'ses] v.对…估价；评价43. assign [ə'sain] v.指定；分配44. assist [ə'sist] v.帮助45. assume [ə'sju:m, ə'su:m] v.假设；认为；承当；呈现46. assure [ə'ʃuə] v.向…保证47. attach [ə'tætʃ] v.系；贴；使附加；使依恋48. attain [ə'tein] v.到达；获得49. attitude ['ætɪtjuːd, -tuːd] n.态度；姿势50. attribute [ə'tribju:t, 'ætribju:t] v.把…归因于n.性质51. author ['ɔ:θə] n.作者；作家；创始人52. authority [ɔ:'θɔrəti] n.当局；权威；权力53. automate ['ɔ:təmeit] v.使自动化54. available [ə'veiləbl] a.可得到的55. aware [ə'wεə] a.意识到的56. behalf [bi'hɑ:f] n.利益57. benefit ['benifit] n.利益；津贴v.有利于；获益58. bias ['baiəs] n.偏见；爱好59. bond [bɔnd] n.纽带；债券60. brief [bri:f] a.简短的61. bulk [bʌlk] n.体积；主体62. capable ['keipəbl] a.能够；有能力的63. capacity [kə'pæsəti] n.容量；潜在能力64. category ['kætiɡəri] n.种类；畴65. cease [si:s] n.&v.停顿66. challenge ['tʃælindʒ] n.挑战67. channel ['tʃænəl] n.海峡；渠道；频道68. chapter ['tʃæptə] n.章69. chart [tʃɑ:t] n.图表v.制图表70. chemical ['kemikəl] a.化学的n.化学药品71. circumstance ['sə:kəmstəns] n.情况72. cite [sait] v.引用73. civil ['sivəl] a.公民的；国的；民用的74. clarify ['klærifai] v.说明75. classic ['klæsik] n.名著a.古典的76. clause [klɔ:z] n.条款；从句77. code [kəud] n.法典；代码；习俗78. coherent [kəu'hiərənt] a.一致的；连贯的79. coincide [,kəuin'said] v.巧合，同时发生80. collapse [kə'læps] v.&n.倒坍；瓦解81. colleague ['kɔli:ɡ] n.同事82. mence [kə'mens] v.开场83. ment ['kɔment] n.&v.评论；注释84. mission [kə'miʃən] n.委员会；委托；委托书；佣金85. mit [kə'mit] v.犯罪86. modity [kə'mɔditi] n.日用品87. municate [kə'mju:nikeit] v.通信；交流88. munity [kə'mju:niti] n.社区；社会；界89. patible [kəm'pætəbl] a.和睦的；兼容的90. pensate ['kɔmpenseit] v.补偿91. pile [kəm'pail] v.编92. plement ['kɔmplimənt] v.&n.补充93. ple* ['kɔmpleks] a.复杂的94. ponent [kəm'pəunənt] n.组成局部a.组成的95. pound ['kɔmpaund, kəm'paund] n.化合物a.复合的96. prehensive [,kɔmpri'hensiv] a.综合的97. prise [kəm'praiz] v.包含；构成98. pute [kəm'pju:t] v.计算99. conceive [kən'si:v] v.构思；怀胎；认为100. concentrate ['kɔnsəntreit] v.集中；浓缩101. concept ['kɔnsept] n.概念102. conclude [kən'klu:d] v.完毕；下结论103. concurrent [kən'kʌrənt] a.同时发生的；并存的104. conduct ['kɔndʌkt, kən'dʌkt] n.行为v.实施；指挥；导电105. confer [kən'fə:] v.授予；协商106. confine [kən'fain, 'kɔnfain] v.限制；禁闭107. confirm [kən'fə:m] v.证实108. conflict [kən'flikt, 'kɔnflikt] n.冲突v.冲突109. conform [kən'fɔ:m] v.遵守；符合110. consent [kən'sent] n.&v.同意111. consequent ['kɔnsi,kwənt] a.作为结果的112. considerable [kən'sidərəbl] a.相当的113. consist [kən'sist] v.由…组成114. constant ['kɔnstənt] a.不断的115. constitute ['kɔnstitju:t] v.构成116. constrain [kən'strein] v.限制；强制117. construct [kən'strʌkt] v.建造118. consult [kɔn'sʌlt, 'kɔnsʌlt] v.商量；咨询；查阅119. consume [kən'sju:m] v.消耗；消费120. contact ['kɔntækt, kən'tækt] v.&n.接触；联系121. contemporary [kən'tempərəri] a.当代的n.同代人122. conte*t ['kɔntekst] n.上下文；背景123. contract ['kɔntrækt, kən'trækt] n.合同v.收缩124. contradict [,kɔntrə'dikt] v.反驳；与…矛盾125. contrary ['kɔntrəri] a.&n.相反126. contrast [kən'trɑ:st, -'træst, 'kɔntrɑ:st, -træst] n.比照v.形成比照127. contribute [kən'tribju:t] v.捐献；奉献；投稿128. controversy ['kɔntrə,və:si] n.争论129. convene [kən'vi:n] v.召集130. converse [kən'və:s] a.相反的131. convert [kən'və:t] v.转化132. convince [kən'vins] v.使确信133. cooperate [kəu'ɔpəreit] v.合作134. coordinate [kəu'ɔ:dinit, kəu'ɔ:dineit] a.同等的v.使协调135. core [kɔ:] n.核心136. corporate ['kɔ:pərit] a.公司的137. correspond [,kɔ:ri'spɔnd] v.通信；符合；对应138. couple ['kʌpl] n.两个；夫妇139. create [kri'eit] v.创造；引起140. credit ['kredit] n.信用；学分；功绩141. criterion [krai'ti.ri.n] n.标准142. crucial ['kru:..l] a.决定性的143. culture ['k.lt..] n.文化；修养144. currency ['k.r.nsi] n.货币145. cycle ['saikl] n.循环；周期146. data ['deit.] n.[复]数据147. debate [di'beit] n.&v.辩论148. decade ['dekeid] n.十年149. decline [di'klain] v.绝；下倾；衰退n.衰退150. deduce [di'dju:s] v.演绎151. define [di'fain] v.给…下定义；明确152. definite ['definit] a.明确的153. demonstrate ['dem.nstreit] v.说明；演示；示威154. denote [di'n.ut] v.表示155. deny [di'nai] v.否认156. depress [di'pres] v.使沮丧157. derive [di'raiv] v.引伸；起源158. design [di'zain] v.设计n.设计；图案159. despite [di'spait] prep.尽管160. detect [di'tekt] v.觉察；检测161. deviate ['di:vieit, 'di:vi.t] v.背离162. device [di'vais] n.装置；设计163. devote [di'v.ut] v.致力；为…献身164. differentiate [,dif.'ren.ieit] v.区分165. dimension [di'men..n, dai-] n.尺寸；维166. diminish [di'mini.] v.减少167. discrete [dis'kri:t] a.别离的168. discriminate [dis'krimineit, dis'krimin.t] v.区别；歧视169. displace [dis'pleis] v.移置；置换170. display [,dis'plei] v.&n.展览；显示171. dispose [dis'p.uz] v.处置172. distinct [dis'ti.kt] a.清晰的；独特的；不同的173. distort [dis't.:t] v.歪曲；扭曲174. distribute [di'stribju:t, 'dis-] v.分发；分配；分布175. diverse [dai'v.:s, di-] a.多样的176. document ['d.kjum.nt, 'd.kjument] n.文件v.引证177. domain [d.u'mein] n.领域；域；幅员178. domestic [d.u'mestik] a.国的；家庭的179. dominate ['d.mineit] v.支配180. draft [drɑ:ft, dr.ft] n.草稿v.起草181. drama ['drɑ:m., dr.m.] n.戏剧182. duration [dju.'rei..n] n.持续时间183. dynamic [dai'n.mik] a.有活力的184. economy [i'k.n.mi] n.经济；节约185. edit ['edit] v.编辑186. element ['elim.nt] n.元素；要素187. eliminate [i'limineit] v.消灭；消除188. emerge [i'm.:d.] v.出现189. emphasis ['emf.sis] n.强调190. empirical [em'pirik.l] n.经历的191. enable [i'neibl] v.使能够192. encounter [in'kaunt.] v.&n.遇到193. energy ['en.d.i] n.精力；能量194. enforce [in'f.:s] v.实施；强制195. enhance [in'hɑ:ns, -h.ns] v.增强196. enormous [i'n.:m.s] a.巨大的；大量的197. ensure [in'.u.] v.保证198. entity ['ent.ti] n.实体199. environment [in'vai.r.nm.nt] n.环境200. equate [i'kweit] v.使相等；使平等201. equip [i'kwip] v.装备202. equivalent [i'kwiv.l.nt] a.相等的n.等值物203. erode [i'r.ud] v.腐蚀204. error ['er.] n.错误205. establish [i'st.bli.] v.建立；确立206. estate [i'steit] n.房地产；财产207. estimate ['estimeit] v.估计n.208. ethic ['eθik] n.伦理209. ethnic ['eθnik] n.种族的210. evaluate [i'v.ljueit] v.对…估价；评价211. eventual [i'vent.u.l] a.最后的212. evident ['evid.nt] a.明显的213. evolve [i'v.lv] v.进化；演变214. e*ceed [ik'si:d] v.超过215. e*clude [iks'klu:d] v.排除216. e*hibit [iɡ'zibit] v.显示；展览n.展览217. e*pand [ik'sp.nd] v.扩大；膨胀218. e*pert ['eksp.:t, ek'sp.:t] n.专家a.熟练的219. e*plicit [ik'splisit] a.明晰的；详述的；直率的220. e*ploit ['ekspl.it, ik's-] v.剥削；利用；开采n.功绩221. e*port [ik'sp.:t, 'eks-, 'eksp.:t] v.出口n.出口；出口商品222. e*pose [ik'sp.uz] v.暴露；揭露；使接触223. e*ternal [ik'st.:n.l] a.外部的224. e*tract [ik'str.kt, 'ekstr.kt] v.取出；榨取n.摘录225. facilitate [f.'siliteit] v.使容易；促进226. factor ['f.kt.] n.因素；因子227. feature ['fi:t..] n.特征；容貌228. federal ['fed.r.l] a.联邦的；联盟的229. fee [fi:] n.费230. file ['fail] n.档案；文件；锉231. final ['fainl] a.最后的；决定性的232. finance [fai'n.ns] n.财政；金融v.给…提供资金233. finite ['fainait] a.有限的234. fle*ible ['fleksibl] a.易弯曲的；灵活的235. fluctuate ['fl.ktjueit] v.波动236. focus ['.s] v.集中n.焦点；焦距237. format ['f.:m.t] n.格式238. formula ['f.:mjul.] n.公式239. forthing ['f.:θ'k.mi.] a.即将到来的240. found [faund] v.创立；建立241. foundation [faun'dei..n] n.创立；根底；基金会242. framework ['freimw.:k] n.框架；体制243. function ['f..k..n] n.功能；函数v.运行244. fund [f.nd] n.基金245. fundamental [,f.nd.'ment.l] a.根底的；根本的246. furthermore ['f.:e.m.:] ad.此外247. gender ['d.end.] n.性别248. generate ['d.en.reit] v.产生249. generation [,d.en.'rei..n] n.一代；产生250. globe [ɡl.ub] n.球；地球251. goal [ɡ.ul] n.球门；目标252. grade [ɡreid] n.等级；年级；成绩253. grant [ɡrɑ:nt, ɡr.nt] n.授予物；拨款；助学金v.授予254. guarantee [,ɡ.r.n'ti:] n.&v.保证255. guideline ['ɡaidlain] n.方针256. hence [hens] ad.因此257. hierarchy ['hai.,rɑ:ki] n.等级制度258. highlight ['hailait] n.精华v.强调259. hypothesis [hai'p.θisis] n.假设；假说260. identical [ai'dentik.l] a.同一的261. identify [ai'dentifai] v.认出；识别262. ideology [,aidi'.l.d.i, ,idi-] n.思想体系；意识形态263. ignorance ['iɡn.r.ns] n.无知；不知道264. illustrate ['il.streit] v.举例说明；图解265. image ['imid.] n.像；图像；形象266. immigrate ['imiɡreit] v.移民入境267. impact ['imp.kt, im'p.kt] n.碰撞；影响268. implement ['implim.nt, 'impliment] n.工具v.贯彻269. implicate ['implikeit] v.暗示；使牵连270. implicit [im'plisit] a.含蓄的；含的271. imply [im'plai] v.暗示272. impose [im'p.uz] v.征(税)；强加273. incentive [in'sentiv] n.&a.刺激274. incidence ['insid.ns] n.发生275. incline [in'klain] n.斜坡v.使倾斜；使倾向276. ine ['ink.m] n.收入277. incorporate [in'k.:p.reit, in'k.:p.r.t] v.合并278. inde* ['indeks] n.索引；指标；指数279. indicate ['indikeit] v.说明280. individual [,indi'vidju.l, -d..l] n.个人；个体a.单个的；独特的281. induce [in'dju:s, in'du:s] v.劝诱；导致282. inevitable [in'evit.bl] a.不可防止的283. infer [in'f.:] v.推断284. infrastructure ['infr.,str.kt..] n.根底设施285. inherent [in'hi.r.nt] a.固有的286. inhibit [in'hibit] v.抑制287. initial [i'ni..l] a.最初的n.首字母288. initiate [i'ni.ieit, i'ni.i.t, -eit] v.开场；启蒙289. injure ['ind..] v.使受伤290. innovate ['in.uveit] v.创新291. input ['input] v.&n.输入292. insert [in's.:t, 'ins.:t] v.插入n.插页293. insight ['insait] n.洞察力；见识294. inspect [in'spekt] v.检查；视察295. instance ['inst.ns] n.例子296. institute ['institjut, -tu:t] n.研究所；学院v.设立297. instruct [in'str.kt] v.教；指导298. integral ['intiɡr.l] a.整体的299. integrate ['intiɡreit, 'intiɡrit, -ɡreit] v.使结合300. integrity [in'teɡr.ti] n.诚信；完整301. intelligence [in'telid..ns] n.智力；情报302. intense [in'tens] a.强烈的303. interact ['int.r.kt] v.相互作用304. intermediate [,int.'mi:dj.t, -dieit] a.中间的；中级的305. internal [in't.:n.l] a.部的306. interpret [in't.:prit] v.解释；口译307. interval ['int.v.l] n.间隔；休息308. intervene [,int.'vi:n] v.干预309. intrinsic [in'trinsik,-k.l] a.在的310. invest [in'vest] v.投资311. investigate [in'vestiɡeit] v.调查312. invoke [in'] v.恳求；实施313. involve [in'v.lv] v.使卷入314. isolate ['ais.leit, -lit] v.隔离；孤立315. issue ['i.ju:, 'isju:] n.问题v.发行316. item ['ait.m] n.条款；条317. job [d..b] n.工作318. journal ['d..:n.l] n.杂志319. justify ['d..stifai] v.证明…有理320. label ['leibl] n.标签；标记321. labor ['leib.] n.&v.劳动322. layer ['lei.] n.层323. lecture ['lekt..] n.&v.讲课；讲座324. legal ['li:ɡ.l] a.合法的；法律的325. legislate ['led.isleit] v.为…立法326. levy ['levi] v.征收n.税款327. liberal ['lib.r.l] a.自由的；开明的n.开明的人328. license ['lais.ns] n.执照329. likewise ['laikwaiz] ad.同样地330. link [li.k] v.连接n.链；环节331. locate [l.u'keit, 'l.u] v.使位于；找到332. logic ['l.d.ik] n.逻辑333. maintain [mein'tein] v.维持；维修334. major ['meid..] a.较大的；主要的n.专业v.专修335. manipulate [m.'nipjuleit] v.操作；操纵336. manual ['m.nju.l] a.手的；体力的n.手册337. margin ['mɑ:d.in] n.页边距；边缘；余地338. mature [m.'tju.] a.&v.成熟339. ma*imize ['m.ksimaiz] v.使最大化340. mechanism ['mek.niz.m] n.机制341. media ['mi:di.] n.媒体342. mediate ['mi:dieit] v.调停343. medical ['medik.l] a.医学的344. medium ['mi:di.m, -dj.m] n.媒质；中间a.中等的345. mental ['ment.l] a.精神的；脑力的346. method ['meθ.d] n.方法347. migrate [mai'ɡreit, 'maiɡ-] v.迁移348. military ['milit.ri] a.军事的349. minimal ['minim.l] a.最小的350. minimize ['minimaiz] v.使最小化351. minimum ['minim.m] n.最小量a.最小的352. ministry ['ministri] n.部353. minor ['main.] a.次要的n.辅修专业v.辅修354. mode [m.ud] n.模式355. modify ['m.difai] v.修改；修饰356. monitor ['m.nit.] n.班长；显示器v.监视357. motive ['m.utiv] n.动机a.运动的358. mutual ['mju:t.u.l, -tju.l] a.相互的；共同的359. negate [ni'ɡeit, 'neɡeit, 'ni:-] v.否认360. network ['netw.:k] n.网络361. neutral ['nju:tr.l] a.中立的；中性的362. nevertheless [,nev.e.'les] ad.然而363. nonetheless [,n.ne.'les] ad.然而364. norm [n.:m] n.标准365. normal ['n.:m.l] a.正常的；正规的366. notion ['n.u..n] n.概念；想法367. notwithstanding [,n.twiθ'st.ndi., -wie-] prep.&conj.虽然368. nuclear ['nju:kli., 'nu:-] a.核的；核心的369. objective [.b'd.ektiv, .b-] a.客观的n.目标370. obtain [.b'tein, .b-] v.获得371. obvious ['.bvi.s] a.明显的372. occupy ['.kjupai] v.占；使忙碌373. occur [.'k.:] v.发生；出现；想起374. odd [.d] a.奇怪的；奇数的；临时的375. offset [,.f'set, ,.:-, '.fset, '.:-] n.分支v.抵消376. ongoing ['.n,ɡ.ui., '.:n-] n.进展中的377. option ['.p..n] n.选择378. orient ['.:ri.nt, '.u-, '.:rient] n.v.给…定位379. oute ['autk.m] n.结果380. output ['autput, ,aut'put] n.产量；输出381. overall ['.uv.r.:l, ,.uv.'r.:l] n.[overalls]工作服a.总体的382. overlap [,.uv.'l.p, '.uv.l.p] v.重叠383. overseas ['.uv.'si:z] ad.&a.海外384. panel ['p.nl] n.专门小组；面板385. paradigm ['p.r.dim] n.例386. paragraph ['p.r.ɡrɑ:f, -ɡr.f] n.段落387. parallel ['p.r.lel] a.平行的v.使平行388. parameter [p.'r.mit.] n.参数389. participate [pɑ:'tisipeit] v.参加390. partner ['pɑ:tn.] n.伙伴391. passive ['p.siv] a.被动的；消极的392. perceive [p.'si:v] v.感觉到；理解393. percent [p.'sent] n.百分之…394. period ['p..r..d] n.时期；句号395. persist [p.'sist, -'zist] v.坚持；持续396. perspective [p.'spektiv] n.角度；观点397. phase [feiz] n.阶段398. phenomenon [fi'n.min.n, f.-] n.现象399. philosophy [fi'l.s.fi, f.-] n.哲学400. physical ['fizik.l] a.物质的；身体的；物理的401. plus [pl.s] prep.加n.加号402. policy ['p.lisi] n.政策403. portion ['p.:..n, 'p.u-] n.局部；份v.分404. pose [p.uz] v.摆姿势；提出n.姿势405. positive ['p.z.tiv, -zi-] a.肯定的；积极的；正的；阳性的406. potential [p.u'ten..l] a.潜在的n.潜力407. practitioner [pr.k'ti..n.] n.开业者408. precede [pri:'si:d, pri-] v.先于；优先于409. precise [pri'sais] a.准确的410. predict [pri'dikt] v.预言411. predominant [,pri'd.min.nt] a.占优势的；主要的412. preliminary [pri'limin.ri] a.预备的；初步的n.初试；预赛413. presume [pri'zju:m, -'zu:m] v.假定414. previous ['pri:vj.s] a.先前的415. primary ['praim.ri] a.初级的；主要的416. prime [praim] a.首要的n.全盛时期417. principal ['prins.p.l] a.主要的n.校长418. principle ['prins.pl] n.原则419. prior ['prai.] a.在先的420. priority [prai'.r.ti] n.在先；重点421. proceed [pr.u'si:d] v.继续进展422. process ['es, 'pr.-] n.过程v.加工423. professional [pr.u'fe..n.l] a.职业的n.专业人员424. prohibit [pr.u'hibit] v.制止425. project ['pr.d.ekt, 'pr.u, pr.'d.ekt] n.工程；工程v.投射426. promote [pr.u'm.ut] v.促进；提升；促销427. proportion [pr..p...(.)n] n.比例；相称428. prospect ['pr.spekt] n.前景v.勘探429. protocol ['pr.ut.k.l] n.协议；礼仪430. psychology [psai'k.l.d.i] n.心理学431. publication [,p.bli'kei..n] n.出版；出版物432. publish ['p.bli.] v.出版433. purchase ['p.:t..s] n.&v.购置434. pursue [p.'sju:, -'su:] v.追；追求；从事435. qualitative ['kw.lit.tiv, -tei-] a.质的；定性的436. quote [kw.ut, k.ut] v.引用437. radical ['r.dik.l] a.根本的；激进的438. random ['r.nd.m] n.&a.随机439. range [reind.] n.围；山脉；炉灶v.排列440. ratio ['rei.i.u, -..u] n.比441. rational ['r...n.l] a.理性的；合理的442. react [ri'.kt, ri:-] v.反响443. recover [ri'k.v.] v.恢复；挽回444. refine [ri'fain] v.提炼445. regime [rei'.i:m, ri-, ri'd.i:m] n.政权；制度446. region ['ri:d..n] n.地区；领域447. register ['red.ist.] n.&v.登记；注册；挂号n.登记簿448. regulate ['reɡjuleit] v.调整449. reinforce [,ri:in'f.:s] v.增援；加强450. reject [ri'd.ekt] v.拒绝451. rela* [ri'l.ks] v.使放松452. release [ri'li:s] v.&n.释放；公布453. relevant ['rel.v.nt] a.相关的454. reluctance [ri'l.kt.ns] n.勉强455. rely [ri'lai] v.依靠；信赖456. remove [ri'mu:v] v.移开；搬迁；消除457. require [ri'kwai.] v.需要；要求458. research [ri's.:t., 'ri:s-] n.研究459. reside [ri'zaid] v.居住460. resolve [ri'z.lv] v.解决；决心n.决心461. resource [ri's.:s, -'z.:s, 'ri:s-, 'ri:z-] n.资源；谋略462. respond [ri'sp.nd] v.答复；响应463. restore [ri'st.:] v.恢复；归还464. restrain [ri'strein] v.抑制465. restrict [ri'strikt] v.限制466. retain [ri'tein] v.保持；保存467. reveal [ri'vi:l] v.显示；告诉468. revenue ['rev.nju:, -nu:] n.税收469. reverse [ri'v.:s] v.颠倒n.相反；反面470. revise [ri'vaiz, 'ri:vaiz] v.修订471. revolution [,rev.'lu:..n] n.革命；旋转472. rigid ['rid.id] a.刻板的473. role [r.ul] n.角色；作用474. route [ru:t, raut] n.路线475. scenario [si'nɑ:ri.u, -'n.-, -'nε.-] n.剧本；方案476. schedule ['..dju:.l, -d.u:.l, 'sked.u:.l, -d.u.l] n.时间表477. scheme [ski:m] v.方案n.方案；诡计478. scope [sk.up] n.围479. section ['sek..n] n.局部；截面480. sector ['sekt.] n.扇形；部门481. secure [si'kju.] a.平安的v.获得482. seek [si:k] v.寻找；试图483. select [si'lekt] v.选择484. sequence ['si:kw.ns] n.顺序；连续485. series ['si.ri:z, -riz] n.系列486. se* [seks] n.性别；性487. shift [.ift] v.&n.转移488. significant [sig'nifik.nt] n.有意义的；重要的489. similar ['simil.] a.相似的490. simulate ['simjuleit] v.假装；模仿491. site [sait] n.地点；场所492. so-called ['s.u'k.:ld] a.所谓的493. sole [s.ul] n.脚底；鞋底a.唯一的494. somewhat ['s.mhw.t, -hw.t] ad.有点495. source [s.:s] n.源；来源496. specific [spi'sifik] a.具体的；特有的497. specify ['spes.fai, -si-] v.指定；详细说明498. sphere [sfi.] n.球；领域499. stable ['steibl] a.稳定的n.马厩500. statistic [st.'tistik] a.统计的501. status ['steit.s, 'st.-] n.地位502. straightforward [,streit'f.:w.d] a.坦率的；明确的503. strategy ['str.tid.i] n.战略；策略504. stress [stres] n.压力；重音v.强调505. structure ['str.kt..] n.构造；建筑物506. style [stail] n.风格507. submit [s.b'mit] v.服从；提交508. subordinate [s.'b.:din.t, -neit, s.'b.:dineit] a.下级的；附属的n.部下509. subsequent ['s.bsikw.nt] a.随后的510. subsidy ['s.bsidi] n.补助；津贴511. substitute ['s.bstitju:t, -tu:t] n.代替者v.代替512. successor [s.k'ses.] n.继任者513. sufficient [s.'fi..nt] a.足够的514. sum [s.m] n.总数；金额v.总计515. summary ['s.m.ri] n.概要a.概括的516. supplement ['s.plim.nt, 's.pl.ment] n.增刊；补遗v.增补；补充517. survey [s.:'vei, 's.:vei, s.-] v.俯瞰；测量；调查n.俯瞰；测量；调查518. survive [s.'vaiv] v.幸存519. suspend [s.'spend] v.悬挂；推迟520. sustain [s.'stein] v.保持；忍受521. symbol ['simb.l] n.象征；符号522. tape [teip] v.捆；录(磁带) n.带子；磁带523. target ['tɑ:ɡit] n.靶子；目标524. task [tɑ:sk, t.sk] n.任务525. team [ti:m] n.队；团队v.协作526. technical ['teknik.l] a.技术的527. technique [tek'ni:k] n.技术；技巧528. technology [tek'n.l.d.i] n.技术529. temporary ['temp.r.ri] a.暂时的；临时的530. tense [tens] n.时态a.绷紧的531. terminate ['t.:mineit] v.终止532. te*t [tekst] n.正文,文本533. theme [θi:m] n.主题534. theory ['θi.ri, 'θi:.-] n.理论535. thereby [,eε.'bai, 'eε.bai] ad.从而536. thesis ['θi:sis] n.论文；论点537. topic ['t.pik] n.话题538. trace [treis] n.痕迹v.追踪539. tradition [tr.'di..n] n.传统540. transfer [tr.ns'f.:] v.&n.转移；换车；调动541. transform [tr.ns'f.:m, -, trɑ:n-] v.转变；改革542. transit ['tr.nsit, -zit, 'trɑ:n-] n.通过；运输；过渡543. transmit ['mit, tr.ns-, trɑ:n-] v.传播；传递544. transport [tr.ns'p.:t; -tr.ns'p.:t, -, trɑ:n-, 'tr.nsp.:t, '-, 'trɑ:n-] n.&v.运输545. trend [trend] n.趋势546. trigger ['triɡ.] v.引发n.板机547. ultimate ['.ltim.t] a.最终的；根本的548. undergo [,.nd.'ɡ.u] v.经历549. underlie [,.nd.'lai] v.是…的根底550. undertake [,.nd.'teik] v.承受；从事551. uniform ['ju:nif.:m] a.一样的n.制服552. unify ['ju:nifai] v.统一553. unique [ju:'ni:k] a.独一无二的554. utilize ['ju:tilaiz] v.利用555. valid ['v.lid] a.有效的；正当的556. vary ['vε.ri] v.变化；使多样化557. vehicle ['vi..k(.)l] n.车辆558. version ['v.:..n] n.译文；说法559. via ['vai.] prep.经由560. violate ['vai.leit] v.违犯561. virtual ['v.:t.u.l] a.实际上的562. visible ['viz.bl] a.可看见的563. vision ['vi..n] n.视力；眼光564. visual ['vizju.l] a.视觉的565. volume ['v.lju:m] n.卷，册；体积；额；音量566. voluntary ['v.l.nt.ri] a.自愿的567. welfare ['welfε.] n.福利568. whereas [hwε.'.z conj.而569. whereby [hwε.'bai] ad.由此570. widespread ['waid'spred] a.普遍的。

抽象名词归纳

抽象名词归纳（一）.devotion/loyalty忠实/忠诚；/faith/faithfulness/fidelity忠实/诚实；allegiance忠贞，效忠;.honesty/sincerity/cordiality诚挚，诚恳；hospitality热情好客?friendliness友好；amity友好;.credit/trust/credibility信任，信用；reliability可靠性.confidence/reliance信心，依靠;diligence/industry/hardwork努力,勤奋；courage/bravery?勇气,勇敢;cooperation/collaboration合作,协作；solidarity/unity团结；.sympathy/compassion/pity同情，怜悯；mercy仁慈，可怜；benevolence善意，仁慈；.appeal/attraction/temptation/lure/enticement/吸引力.humanity人类，人性，人道，仁慈；humanities人文学科.harmony和谐;peace和平;appreciation欣赏.ingenuity/creativity/2.innocence无辜，清白3.perseverance毅力4.integrity=honesty5.conscience良心，良知6.admiration/adoration8.generosity慷慨，大方.immorality不道德.slyness狡猾，fox狡猾的人.guilt罪行，内疚.irresponsibility不负责任象名词归纳（二）0.abuse滥用，虐待，辱骂，毁谤；misuse误用1.timidity胆怯，胆小;shyness/coyness;cowardness?胆小鬼2.disorder/disturbance/mess/chaos混乱，骚乱，失调，疾病3.rage/anger/fury/annoyance/anguish/irritation?生气，怒火;indignation义愤填膺，愤慨4.handicap/barrier/obstacle/hindrance/barricade/problem障碍，阻碍，问题5.crisis/crunch/pinch危机，匮乏;deficit/shortage/lack/scarcity/deficiency/scanty缺乏，不足;forwant/lackof?因为缺乏6.contempt/despise/scorn轻视，蔑视7.superstition迷信;disorder/mess/trouble/chaos无秩序，混乱8.plague/disaster/accident/catastrophe/mishap/calamity/tragedy祸害，灾难，事故;victim受害者；casualty伤亡，死亡；/mortality死亡率；9.restriction/limitation/confinement/restraint限制，制约，抑制0.vice/sin/wick/evil罪恶，邪恶1.nightmare=baddream;self-doubt自我怀疑;2.nonsense废话，胡说;nuisance讨厌的人或物3.conspiracy/plot阴谋，密谋4.distortion歪曲，扭曲；disrespect失礼，无礼5.imprudence/carelessness/粗心，不谨慎6.abnormality不正常，反常，变态;arrogance傲慢，骄傲;blindpride骄傲自大7.absurdity/silliness/ridicules/mock/mimic/taunt/jeer荒谬，可笑,嘲笑，辱骂8.envy/jealousy/嫉妒，羡慕;arrogance傲慢9.hardship/adversity逆境，艰难，患难;plight困境，艰难；dilemma两难处境，艰难处境0.shame/humiliation丢脸，羞愧1.embarrassment/awkwardness尴尬，难为情;harassment骚扰，困扰4.despair绝望;collapse5.hostility敌对，敌意6.plague瘟疫，苦恼，灾祸；．其它一些重要的名词.discipline.abstract摘要；抽象派作品.acquaintance.triviality/trifles/琐事.enterprise/drive.bearing/behavior/行为举止.odor/smell/scent/8.penalty/punishment/fine处罚，惩罚9.freight/commodity/merchandise/goods商品，货物0.job/work/post/position/occupation/profession/career/职业，事业1.固定成语：TheheelofAchilles/Achilles’heel弱点，短处;theoldAdam本性，私欲2.genuine真心的;authentic可信的，真实的；一词多义归纳（一）考研英语熟词生义归纳（一）?abide(by)v.①遵守，服从Wemustabidebythepromisemadebyus.我们必须遵守我们作出?的诺言。

抽象词汇

表持续고있다/계시다动词后,该动作正在持续进行.”正在…”아/어/여있다/계시다自动词后,该动作完成后结果状态持续着.아/어/여오다动词,形容词后,行动,状态持续地进行或变化着.”…过来,…下来,…起来”아/어/여가다动词,形容词后,行动,状态持续地进行或变化下去.”…下去”表完了아/어/여버리다动词后,该动作完了.아/어/여치우다动词后,该动作最终完成.아/어/여내다动词后,该动作做到头고나다动词后,该动作完了.고말다动词后,该动作结束.고말거이다表必定实现.表试行아/어/여보다动词后,做做看,试试.表提供아/어/여주다动词后,给对方某种动作.아/어/여드리다动词后,为尊敬的人做某种动作.아/어/여올리다动词后,为尊敬的人做某种动作.아/어/여닽라/다오/주시오动词后,让别人给说话者做某事.平辈或晚辈用前两个,尊敬的人用第三个.表应该아야/어야/여야하다谓词后,常与응당,반드시,마땅,꼭…等表应该意义的词搭配.아야/어야/여야되다谓词后,常与응당,반드시,마땅,꼭…等表应该意义的词搭配.表形成아/어/여지다主要用于形容词后,使其具有自动词的性质,表某种状态的形成.아/어/여하다用于表心理状态的形容词后,使该状态行为化.表变化게되다●表示变化的情况.”开始…””快要…”●在某种条件下出现新情况,这时不用过去时.”才能…”●表预定表否定지않다谓词后,表否定지못하다动词后,否定某种能力或可能性.”不能,没能”지말다动词后,禁止某个动作,”不要…,别…”表可能ㄹ수있다谓词后,表可能.”能够,可以”ㄹ수었다谓词后,表不可能.”不能,不可以”ㄹ만하다动词后,表可能. ”能够,可以”ㄹ줄알다动词后,表示具有某种能力.”会,懂得,能”ㄹ줄모르다动词后,表示不具有某种能力.”不会,不懂”다못해(못하여) 动词后,表示某动作进行到一定程度,再也不能进行下去了.表愿望고싶다动词后,表愿望,”想…”았/었/였으면하다表希望,”想”았/었/였으면싶다表希望,”想”表推测ㄴ가/는가/ㄹ까/나싶다表推测,”好像,似乎”ㄴ가/는가/ㄹ까/나보다表推测,”好像,似乎”ㄹ것이다表推测,强调,常以아마…ㄹ것이다形式使用.ㄴ/는/ㄹ둣하다表推测,”好像,似乎”ㄴ/는/ㄹ것같다表推测,”好像,似乎”ㄴ/는/ㄹ법하다表推测,”好像,似乎”表程度아/어/여대다用于部分动词后,表动作反复和强势.”猛…狠…不休…”ㄹ대로다动词后,动词+ㄹ대로다+动词,表该动作的程度已达顶点.表无奈ㄹ수부ㅏ에없다谓词后,表除此之外表无他法.”只好,只能”지않을수없다谓词后,用双重否定的形式,表”不得不,不能不”.也可说成안…ㄹ수없다表确认기는하다表强调确认某事,”…是…”,常用于表转折关系的句子.表使动게하다表使动,”让…””使…”도록하다表使动,”让…””使…”.常以로하여금…게/도록하다形式出现.表反复곤하다动词后,表一个动作的反复进行.表目的을/를위하여(위한) 体词后,表目的,动机,”为(了)…”기위하여(위한) 动词后,表目的,动机,”为(了)…”表原因ㄴ/는바람에谓词后,表原因ㄴ/는통에谓词后,表原因기때문에谓词后,表原因로말미암아表原因로인하여表原因로하여表原因,能与로말미암아,로인하여通用.表时间기바쁘게紧接着,马上기무섭게紧接着,马上,与…通用表条件는한表极端条件,”只要…就…”ㄴ/는이상表条件,”既然…就…”ㄴ/는/ㄹ바에(는/야) 表条件,”既然…就…”。

抽象词汇

an incredulous look 怀疑的目光。
ingenious adj. 机灵的; an ingenious mind 机灵的头脑；an ingenious machine 精巧的机器。
ingenuous adj. 直率的，坦白的
intense adj. 激烈的，强烈的，紧张的 an intense light 强烈的灯光；intense heat 酷热；
15. crisis/ crunch/ pinch危机，匮乏; deficit / shortage /lack /scarcity / deficiency /
scanty 缺乏，不足; for want/lack of 因为缺乏
16. contempt/ despise /scorn 轻视，蔑视
royal adj.王室的, 皇家的, 第一流的, 高贵的
immense adj.①极大的, 无边的； ②非常好的
immerse vt.沉浸, 使陷入
incredible adj. 不可相信的，难以置信的；incredible energy 惊人的能量，精力。
incredulous adj. 不相信的，表示怀疑的；be incredulous of hearsay不相信道听途说；
12. disorder /disturbance/ mess/ chaos混乱，骚乱，失调，疾病
13. rage / anger/ fury/ annoyance /anguish/irritation 生气，怒火; indignation
义愤填膺，愤慨
14. handicap/barrier/obstacle/ hindrance/ barricade/problem 障碍，阻碍，问题

abstract是什么意思

abstract是什么意思abstract，他有几种词性?有形容词之外，还有哪些呢?下面店铺为大家带来abstract是什么意思，欢迎大家一起学习!abstract的英语音标英 [ˈæbstrækt] 美 [ˈæbˌstrækt]abstract的时态过去分词: abstracted 复数: abstracts 过去式: abstracted 现在分词: abstractingabstract的意思adj. 抽象的，理论上的; 难解的; 抽象派的; 茫然的;n. 抽象概念; 抽象派艺术作品; 摘要; [化]萃取物;vt. 提取，分离; 转移(注意等); 概括，摘录; <婉辞>剽窃; abstract的近义词n. [图情]摘要;抽象;抽象的概念brief , summary , resumeadj. 抽象的;深奥的deep , nonobjectivevt. [图情]摘要;提取;使……抽象化extract , briefabstract的同根词词根： abstractadj.abstracted 心不在焉的;出神的;分离出来的;抽出的abstractionist 抽象派艺术的abstractive 摘要式的;具有抽象能力的adv.abstractly 抽象地;理论上地abstractedly 茫然地;抽象地;心不在焉地n.abstraction 抽象;提取;抽象概念;空想;心不在焉abstractionism 抽象派艺术;抽象主义理论abstractionist 抽象派艺术家;理想主义者abstractor 萃取器;[图情] 摘录者abstract的词语辨析abstract, summary, resume, digest, outline这组词都有“摘要、概要、概括”的意思，其区别是：abstract 指论文、书籍等正文前的内容摘要，尤指学术论文或法律文件的研究提要。

初中英语单词数量

初中英语单词数量摘要：1.初中英语单词量的概述2.初中英语单词量的具体分析3.提高初中英语单词量的方法4.总结正文：一、初中英语单词量的概述初中英语单词量是指初中学生在学习英语过程中需要掌握的词汇量。

根据我国教育部门的规定，初中英语课程要求学生掌握的词汇量约为1500-1800个。

这些词汇包括了日常生活、学习、娱乐等各个领域的基本词汇，以及一些常用的短语和固定搭配。

二、初中英语单词量的具体分析1.学科词汇：初中英语课程涉及到的学科词汇，如数学、物理、化学、生物等，约占总词汇量的10%。

2.生活常用词：日常生活交流所需的词汇，如问候、介绍、购物、旅游等，约占总词汇量的20%。

3.学习类词汇：与学习相关的词汇，如学校、课程、考试、语法等，约占总词汇量的30%。

4.兴趣爱好词汇：涉及到的娱乐、运动、艺术、文学等领域的词汇，约占总词汇量的20%。

5.抽象词汇：用于表达抽象概念的词汇，如幸福、友谊、成功等，约占总词汇量的10%。

6.专业词汇：涉及特定领域的专业词汇，如医学、法律、科技等，约占总词汇量的10%。

三、提高初中英语单词量的方法1.制定学习计划：根据自己的实际情况，制定合理的单词学习计划，确保每天学习一定数量的单词。

2.多种记忆方法：运用音标、词根、联想等记忆方法，提高单词记忆效果。

3.创设语境：通过阅读、听力、口语、写作等多种途径，将单词应用到实际语境中。

4.定期复习：按照艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线进行定期复习，巩固已学单词。

5.拓展词汇量：通过学习同义词、反义词、派生词等，不断扩大词汇量。

6.参加英语角、社团等活动：与同学、老师一起交流，提高单词实际运用能力。

四、总结初中英语单词量对于学生的英语学习至关重要。

掌握充足的词汇量，不仅能提高英语成绩，还能为高中英语学习打下坚实基础。

名词英语词汇大全

名词英语词汇大全一、人物1. 人- Person - 人- Individual - 个人- Human - 人类- Citizen - 公民- Native - 本地人- Stranger - 陌生人- Parent - 父母- Child - 孩子- Adult - 成年人- Teenager - 青少年- Elderly - 老年人- Baby - 婴儿2. 职业- Teacher - 教师- Doctor - 医生- Engineer - 工程师 - Lawyer - 律师- Scientist - 科学家 - Writer - 作家- Actor - 演员- Singer - 歌手- Chef - 厨师- Police officer - 警察 - Firefighter - 消防员 - Soldier - 士兵3. 家庭成员- Father - 父亲- Mother - 母亲- Son - 儿子- Daughter - 女儿- Grandfather - 祖父- Grandmother - 祖母- Brother - 兄弟- Sister - 姐妹- Uncle - 叔叔- Aunt - 阿姨- Cousin - 表兄弟/堂兄弟 - Nephew - 侄子- Niece - 侄女4. 朋友- Friend - 朋友- Best friend - 好朋友- Acquaintance - 熟人- Classmate - 同学- Colleague - 同事- Neighbor - 邻居- Roommate - 室友- Partner - 伙伴- Ally - 盟友- Companion - 同伴二、动物1. 野生动物- Lion - 狮子- Elephant - 大象- Giraffe - 长颈鹿- Tiger - 老虎- Leopard - 豹子- Cheetah - 猎豹- Zebra - 斑马- Gorilla - 大猩猩- Rhinoceros - 犀牛- Hippopotamus - 河马2. 宠物- Dog - 狗- Cat - 猫- Rabbit - 兔子- Hamster - 仓鼠- Guinea pig - 豚鼠- Bird - 鸟- Fish - 鱼- Turtle - 乌龟- Snake - 蛇- Lizard - 蜥蜴3. 鸟类- Eagle - 鹰- Owl - 猫头鹰- Peacock - 孔雀- Parrot - 鹦鹉- Sparrow - 麻雀- Swan - 天鹅- Penguin - 企鹅- Hummingbird - 蜂鸟- Flamingo - 火烈鸟 - Ostrich - 鸵鸟4. 昆虫- Ant - 蚂蚁- Bee - 蜜蜂- Butterfly - 蝴蝶- Ladybug - 瓢虫- Dragonfly - 蜻蜓 - Grasshopper - 蚱蜢 - Mosquito - 蚊子- Spider - 蜘蛛- Beetle - 甲虫- Caterpillar - 毛毛虫三、物体1. 食物- Rice - 米饭- Bread - 面包- Salad - 沙拉- Pasta - 意大利面 - Pizza - 比萨- Burger - 汉堡包 - Sushi - 寿司- Noodle - 面条 - Soup - 汤2. 衣物- T-shirt - T恤- Jeans - 牛仔裤 - Dress - 连衣裙 - Skirt - 裙子- Sweater - 毛衣 - Coat - 外套- Jacket - 夹克- Hat - 帽子- Shoes - 鞋子3. 建筑物- House - 房子- Apartment - 公寓- Office - 办公室- School - 学校- Hospital - 医院- Bank - 银行- Museum - 博物馆 - Library - 图书馆- Hotel - 酒店- Restaurant - 餐厅4. 交通工具- Car - 小汽车- Bicycle - 自行车- Motorcycle - 摩托车- Bus - 公共汽车- Train - 火车- Plane - 飞机- Boat - 船- Ship - 船舶- Subway - 地铁- Taxi - 出租车四、地理位置1. 国家- China - 中国- United States - 美国- Canada - 加拿大- Australia - 澳大利亚 - United Kingdom - 英国 - France - 法国- Germany - 德国- Japan - 日本- Brazil - 巴西- Russia - 俄罗斯2. 大洲- Asia - 亚洲- Europe - 欧洲- North America - 北美洲 - South America - 南美洲 - Africa - 非洲- Australia - 澳洲- Antarctica - 南极洲3. 城市- Beijing - 北京- London - 伦敦- Paris - 巴黎- New York - 纽约- Tokyo - 东京- Sydney - 悉尼- Rome - 罗马- Moscow - 莫斯科 - Berlin - 柏林- Cairo - 开罗五、抽象概念1. 时间- Year - 年- Month - 月- Week - 周- Day - 天- Hour - 小时- Minute - 分钟- Second - 秒- Morning - 早晨 - Afternoon - 下午 - Evening - 晚上2. 语言- English - 英语- Chinese - 中文- Spanish - 西班牙语 - French - 法语- German - 德语- Japanese - 日语- Korean - 韩语- Italian - 意大利语 - Russian - 俄语- Arabic - 阿拉伯语3. 情感- Love - 爱- Happiness - 快乐 - Sadness - 悲伤- Anger - 生气- Fear - 害怕- Surprise - 惊讶- Excitement - 兴奋- Disappointment - 失望- Contentment - 满足- Hope - 希望以上是名词英语词汇大全的一部分，包括人物、动物、物体、地理位置和抽象概念等内容。

生活中的20个抽象词

生活中的20个抽象词
抽象词就是你只能想象，却不能摸的东西。

聪明、快乐、努力、在乎、奋斗、悲伤、意义、安全、精神、糟粕、美丽、艺术、希望、重要、难过、生活、概念、幻想、风趣、开朗、唤醒、道德、渴望、刑法、理论、魅力、精髓、理性、理念、开心、善良、邪恶、好坏、梦想、妄想、疼痛、心爱、纯洁、升华、浓缩、疑问、欣赏、欣慰、免费、请求、思想、记忆、广告、知识、能量、宇宙、生化、生根、升华、精神、聪明、快乐、在乎、奋斗、希望、重要、难过、生活、天堂、概念、幻想、唤醒、道德、渴望、刻意、刑法、理论、积累、克隆、克拉、颗粒、媒介、魅力、固体、净化、精髓、估价、单元、理性、离子、力学、粒子、固话、破天荒、法规、理念。

影像记忆之记忆宫殿抽象词语转换训练

影像记忆之记忆宫殿-- 抽象词语转换训练本人记忆力一直不好，为了提高记忆水平尝试过多种方法。

速读训练、七田真1000 幅大图训练，残像、曼陀罗等都尝试了，走过很多弯路，也没有很好的起色。

最近尝试了记忆宫殿的训练，一个多月的训练完成后还是小有收获的。

个人感觉比以上的方法都见效，可能是本人前几种方法没有找到真正的法门，大神勿喷。

现将心得分享如下首先是基础的字词成像联想，此步骤完成后就需要在需要背诵的语句中提取关键词，利用特定的方法来联想成像记忆。

主要涉及到锁链法及记忆宫殿的方法。

基础篇 ----锁链法之形象与抽象词语记忆在前一章里我们讲解了形象词语的“锁链法”记忆，而这一章将阐述的是，如果遇到抽象词语我们该如何去处理记忆方法。

锁链法其实就是利用联想、想象等把记忆信息（词语、关键词）一个接一个串起来，从而能一个一个通过联想、想象按顺序回忆这些记忆信息。

锁链法原则： 1、用具体清晰图像呈现在大脑中；如果是抽象的事物就用一个具体图像来代表。

2、图像两两相连、环环相扣。

3、每二个图像一定要有视觉上的接触，也就是二个图像之间的交集进行联想：即 a----b 、 b----c 、c----d 、d----e 性质。

4、图像两者之间想象的尽量夸张和图像颜色的鲜艳度。

5、图像连接的越直接速度越快越好。

（需要注意：锁链法不需要编故事，两两配对，也就是用同一个图像做前后两个图像连接。

）举例：请运用锁链法记忆以下抽象词与形象词语的记忆。

鲜花、酒杯、春天、彩票、战斗机、汤、原谅、疑惑、姿态、金茂大厦、观念、报纸、野人、西瓜、丰收、休息、氢弹、艺术、温度、装饰第一步：先找出抽象词，并将这些抽象词转换成具体的图像。

第二步：用锁链法来记忆词语。

以上抽象词语总共有10 个，具体转换如下： 1、春天（替换）----桃花 2 、原谅（谐音） ---- 月亮 3 、疑惑（谐音） ---- 烟火 4 、姿态（谐音） ---- 子弹 5 、观念（替换） ---- 老人 6 、丰收（替换）----农民 7 、休息（替换） ---- 床 8 、艺术（替换） ---- 雕像 9 、温度（加字法）温度计 10 、装饰（替换） ---- 房间锁链记忆：1）想象：红色的鲜花插进了酒杯杯口里。

英语语法词汇详解抽象名词的用法

英语语法词汇详解抽象名词的用法抽象名词的运用在英语中占有非常大的比重，但由于受汉语的影响，中国的学习者往往较少用抽象名词，或者不知道怎么用抽象名词。

举例来说，control这个词既可以用作动词也可以用作名词，都表示“控制”这个意思，我们在表达“控制成本”这个意思的时候般倾向于说control costs，而不是keep costs under control，但后者在书面语中用得似乎更多一些。

因为不习惯于用抽象名词，所以我们的表达有时候就会显得比较单薄，无论是在口语还是书面语中。

比如说，attention这个词，中国的学生最常用的就是pay attention to，除此之外似乎想不出其他用法。

但事实上它的用法非常灵活，比如centre of the attention（众人瞩目的焦点）、attract sb's attention（吸引某人的注意），turn attention away（转移对某事的注意力）、bring sth to sb' s attention （使某事引起某人注意）等，不下十几种。

可以看出，学会这些用法对于提高我们的表达能力是非常有用的。

抽象名词之所以难把握，除了受汉语影响外，另一个重要原因就是它们的搭配形式非常多，比如与动词的搭配以及与各种介词的搭配等。

那么有没有一种办法可以让我们更容易地掌握这些搭配呢？我认为是有的，那就是把这些抽象名词都当成一个实物来对待，然后从实物的角度来理解、记忆和运用，这样就能做到化繁为简、化难为易。

既然是实物，那么就应该具备与实物相应的特性，比如它是什么？归谁所有？有什么外部特征？与其他事物的关系是什么？下面一来说明。

1.它是什么？英语的抽象名词中有相当一部分直接解释为某一个人或某一样东西，如我们经常说的This bag was a bargain at RMB20.这个包只花了200元，真是捡了个便宜。

例句中bag是个bargain，把一件实物直接说成了一个抽象的东西，这在汉语中是很少见到的。

小学抽象名词汇总教案模板

课时：2课时年级：四年级教材：《小学语文》四年级上册教学目标：1. 让学生了解抽象名词的概念和特点。

2. 通过具体实例，帮助学生掌握抽象名词的用法。

3. 培养学生的语言表达能力和词汇积累能力。

教学重点：1. 抽象名词的概念和特点。

2. 抽象名词的用法。

教学难点：1. 理解抽象名词与具体名词的区别。

2. 正确运用抽象名词进行表达。

教学准备：1. 教学课件。

2. 词汇卡片。

3. 抽象名词实例。

教学过程：第一课时一、导入新课1. 教师简要介绍抽象名词的概念，引导学生思考抽象名词与具体名词的区别。

2. 提问：同学们，你们知道什么是抽象名词吗？请举例说明。

二、新课讲解1. 教师展示抽象名词的定义，引导学生理解抽象名词的概念。

2. 列举常见的抽象名词，如：爱、快乐、勇气、智慧等。

3. 分析抽象名词的特点，如：不可触摸、不可见、具有普遍性等。

三、实例分析1. 教师出示抽象名词实例，如：“他的勇敢感动了所有人。

”2. 引导学生分析句子中的抽象名词，理解其在句子中的作用。

3. 学生自主练习，用抽象名词造句。

四、课堂小结1. 教师总结本节课所学内容，强调抽象名词的概念和特点。

2. 鼓励学生在日常生活中多运用抽象名词进行表达。

第二课时一、复习导入1. 教师提问：同学们，上节课我们学习了什么内容？2. 学生回答，教师点评。

二、词汇积累1. 教师展示词汇卡片，引导学生认识新的抽象名词。

2. 学生朗读并记忆新词汇。

三、拓展练习1. 教师出示情境，要求学生运用抽象名词进行表达。

2. 学生分组讨论，并轮流展示自己的表达。

四、课堂小结1. 教师总结本节课所学内容，强调抽象名词的用法。

2. 鼓励学生在日常生活中多运用抽象名词进行表达。

教学评价：1. 课后作业：让学生收集生活中常见的抽象名词，并尝试用它们造句。

2. 课堂表现：观察学生在课堂上的发言情况，了解其对抽象名词的理解程度。

3. 家庭作业：家长协助孩子完成课后作业，了解孩子在家的学习情况。

具体词汇和抽象词汇

1.各种“走”的相关词汇2.各种笑的词汇表达smile 微笑, laugh 大笑, giggle 咯咯笑chuckle轻声地笑snigger 窃笑grin 咧嘴笑, smirk 傻笑，幸灾乐祸地笑; 自鸣得意地笑，sneer 嘲笑，讥笑, titter v. 吃吃地笑,偷笑cackle (当坏事发生在他人身上时)不雅地大笑（v）咯咯的笑声（n）snicker 暗笑，偷笑jeer讥笑，嘲弄beam, v. 微笑simper v. 傻笑,假笑cachinnate v. 大声笑,哄笑chortle v.&n. 开心地笑guffaw n. vi .哄笑, 狂笑tehee v. 嗤嗤地笑exult v. 非常高兴,欢腾glee n. 欢乐,高兴（幸灾乐祸）微笑- smileHer smile makes her even more beautiful.她的微笑使她更美丽了。

大笑- laughLaugh, and the world laughs with you; weep, and you weep alone.你笑，世界也会跟着你一起笑。

你哭，却只能独自一人。

露齿而笑-grinPeople who confess to feeling happy also grin more than others.承认感觉幸福的人们也会比别人更喜欢咧着嘴笑。

轻声地笑-chuckleShe was roused by a chuckle which Mr. Dorset seemed to eject from the depths of his lean throat.多森先生从他那瘦弱的喉咙深处迸出一阵笑声，把她吓了一跳。

咯咯笑-giggleThere was silence for a moment, then a giggle.沉默了片刻之后，有人在吃吃地笑。

坏笑-snickerThe shuffle and snicker become the comedian's trademark.搅和与窃笑成为那个戏剧演员的标志。

英语作文常用抽象词汇

从无到有开始Begin, start, begin with, spring, start up, set off on, break out, strike up, originate from,;Initiate, launch, originate, sprout; unfold; unleashoutset, onset,Rudimentary, elementary,出现Appear, appear to be, emerge, arise, loom, turn out, show up, com out, come into sight/view, come forth 发生Happen, occur, take place, come about,Happening occurrence产生,创造create, produce, bring about, yield, give birth to, bear, bring into being, generate, beget，germinate; Invent, innovate, renovate, plan, design, imagine, conceive, devise, formulate, imagine, envision,建立Found, set, built up, construct, institute, constitute, set up, establish制造,组成Make, make up, produce, construct, turn out, manufacture, form, shape, compose, compile, concoct, fabricate生长壮大复制,繁殖Copy, duplicate, reproduce, multiply.发育，发展Grow, develop, breed, bring up, nurture, cultivate, hone, raise, foster, (主动)Develop, advance, progress, move forward, go forward, proceed（自我成长）Burgeon, flourish, thrive, bloom, blossom, boom, prosper;保持，延续Continue, last, carry on, keep on, keep, remain maintain retainPerpetuate,Persevere, stick with, insist on, persist in,Continuous, incessant, permanent, constant, steady, unbroken, perpetual, everlasting, eternal, lasting, unending, uninterrupted, undying, immortal, invariable,存在,生存Exist，found, stand, lay in, be rooted in，be embedded in,Substance, matter, object, material, stuff, things, entity,individual, creature, beings,Topic, subject, issue, theme, gist, item, content, point,Extant, existing, in existence, substantive, ubiquitous, omnipresent, universal,survive，outlive，outlast, remain alive，Endure, undergo,从有到无结束，停止stop，finish, be over, cease, discontinue, wind up, bring to an end(close, halt), end，come to an end, end up, terminate，quench，quell，run out, expire, concludeadjourn/dissolve/lull/subvert,abortaive,Surcease, cessation,impasse, deadlock, logjam, stalemate,Ultimate, final, eventual,Abeyance, suspend, interruption, brake, halt, pause,死亡,毁灭Perish, annihilate, kill, exterminate, take life, slay, hatchet, slaughter, assassinate, famish, smother, throttle, strangle, stifle, decimate,Die, pass away, perish, expire, run out,decease,death, demise, Defunct, moribund, dying,Fatal, formidable, deadly, fatality.取消,废除Cancel, annul,call off, do away with,Abolish, desuetude, disuse, abandon, repeal, revoke, invalidate, rescind, nullifyObsolete, out of date, outmoded, out of fashion, old-fashioned,除去Remove，erase，delete, extinguish, exterminate, eliminate, eradicate, extirpate, efface，clear away, throw away, do away with, wipe out, get rid of , rule out,Obliterate, expurgate, expunge, purify, purge,破坏Destroy, damage, wreck, devastate, raze, ravage, knock down, demolish, vandalize, tear down, ruin, spoil, dilapidate,Perdition，detrimental，harmful, injurious,topple down/inclement/伤害Damage Bruise, mar, maul, do harm to, injure, wound, hurt, impair, harm, hurt, wound, harm, break, fracture, maim, cripple, mangle, mutilate;cut, gash, fracture, break灾祸Disaster, catastrophic, calamity, cataclysm, carnage, massacre, holocaust, decimate, wreck, accident,Misfortune, hapless, mishap,逐渐消亡Rot way, perish, decay, disintegrate, decompose, deteriorate, molder, aggravate, worsen, exacerbate, corrupt,Rotten, decayed, corrupt, damaged;decrepit ,decrepitude, dilapidate状态之改变正面能力，强，权力Enable, facilitate, empower, entitle, enhance,Strengthen, reinforce, sustain, countenance, consolidate,Able, be capable of doing , competent, potent, omnipotent, puissant, resourcefulAbility, capability, capacity, skill, forte，competence, facultyIntelligence, aptitude, flair, talentClever, bright, talented, astute, wisdom, wise, smart, acumen,Hegemony, puissance, resource, power, energy, authority, influence, impact, supremacy, potency, strength, force, vigor;大Aggrandize, amplify, augment, broaden, widen, extend, enlarge, magnify, enlarge,Exaggerate, overstate, overstress, overemphasize,多,增加Enrich, increase, add to, abound, fill, fill up, replenish, stock up, add, put in, raise, Accrue, mount up, augment, accumulate, riseAbundant, plentiful, more than enough, profuse, copious, rich, wealthy, generous, numerous, in great numbers;sufficient, enough, adequate, ample, as much as necessary,Increment, accretion, growth, augmentation,高Raise, lift up, improve, enhance, elevate, escalate, heave, heighten, hoist,Rise, increase, ascend, mount, go up, climb scale, jack up, skyrocket, surge, upsurgeHigh, tall, in height, lofty, towering, lanky;Height, stature, elevation, altitude有助Help, assist, aid, subsidize, help to, conduce to,, contribute to, function to, be of assistance, lend a hand, facilitate, enhance,Helper, aide, assistant, accessory, ancillary, accomplice, auspices,支持Support, bolster, boost, brace, buttress, espouse, proponent, underpin, embrace, exponent,快Accelerate, hasten, speed up, quicken up, expediteRun, scurry, scuttle, scamper, prance, gallop, sprint, scud, Dart, fleet, rush,Fast, quick, rapid, swift, expeditious, speedy, fleeting, briskSpeed, swiftness, pace, velocity, rapidity, tempo, rate, quickness, promptness,有效,起作用Effective, efficient, effectual, successful, useful, helpful, functional, applicable, operative, working, active, functioning, in operation, in use,Available, serviceable,Impact, influence,自由，解脱Release, free, set free, set off, liberate, unshackle, unfetter, emancipate, manumit, disentangle, untangle, extricate, unravel,中性变Change, alter, modify, vary, turn, become, adjust, amend, transform, distort, modulate, transmute, shift, transfigure,Fluctuate, move, revolutionize, alternate, shiftDiversified, volatile, fickle, mercurial, protean, erratic, eccentric, irregular, inconsistent,Changeable, unsettled, variable, malleable, mutable,Change, alteration, variation, modification, transition, renovation, recondition, mutation;修改Redress, rectify, revise, emend, renovate, innovate, recondition,负面弱Weaken, enervate, vitiate, sap, impair, emaciate, attenuate, diluteWane, sag, fade, flag, deteriorate, exacerbate, wither, blight, dry up, wilt, sere, sear, shrink, shrivel,Weak, feeble, effete, wan, frail, lacking in strength, impotent, feeble, lethargicInfirmity, weakness, decadence, decadent,减少，降低Lower, reduce, decrease, drop off, abate, decline, dwarf, dwindle, rarefy, curtail, shorten, abridge, truncate, dock, decline, slump, eclipse, subside, shrink, ebb,Diminish, lessen, debase, dilute, moderate, die down, grow less intense, cut down, ebb, cut back,慢Decelerate, slow, slow down, retard, hold back,Slow, sluggish,Postpone, put off, delay, defer, procrastinate, adjourn,Dilatory, tardy, slack, sluggish,平息reconcile, comfort, placate, conciliate, reassure，allay, calm, console, soothe, pacify, assuage, mitigate, palliate, salve, temper,palliation, reconciliation,禁止，限制Prohibit, proscribe, forbid, ban, restrain, interdict, overrule, veto, stop fromLimit, restrict, confine,blockade, fetter, shackle, circumscribeProhibited, forbidden, banned, illegal, outlawed, proscribed, taboo;Durance, taboo,控制, 抑制Control, wield, hold, steer, helm, maneuver, manipulate, dominate, regulate, rein in, direct, rule, govern, reign, regimentCurb, bridle, yoke, restrain inhibit smolder, suffocate，refrain from阻碍Hinder, hamper, check, stunt, impede, block, obstruct, retard, interrupt, hold back, prevent from, forestall, keep from, deter from, discountenance, lumber, thwart, stem, stymie, frustrate, stump, stem,Entangle, enmesh, ensnare, entrap,Barrier, obstacle, obstruction, impediment, setback, hindrance, hurdle, blockade, blockage,morass, predicament, plight, straits, quandary,strait,预防Forestall, proselytize, preclude, prevent,干预Interfere, intervene, intercede, meddle, annoy, vex, nettle, perturb, disturb, discomfit, molest, pester, bother, annoy, harass, intrude,Mediate,Inroad, raid, assail, assault, attack, trespass, infringe, attack, foray, intrude, encroach,Turbulence, disturbance得到，付出付出给Give, offer, endow, endue, present, bestow, provide, supply, furnish Impart, instruct, apprise, teach, instill, inculcate,Proffer, confer, donate, contribute, subscribe, bequeath,Issue, flow out, release,支出Cost, spend, pay, pay out, expend, disburse,Prodigal, profligate, splurge, spendthrift, dissipatefrugal, scrimp, skimp, abstemious,Expenditure, subvention,归还,偿439Return, hand out, restore, reciprocate, remunerate, revert,Compensate, reimburse, indemnify, expiate, atonement,Salary, remuneration, Emolument, honorarium,分配Distribute, allocate, issue, hand out, apportion, allot, dispense, ration, allot, assign, designate;Distribution, dispensation ration, allotment施加impose, entail, exert, inflict, suppress, subjugate, compress ,repress, coerce，使满Suffice, satiate, satisfy, cater, sate, meet requirement, gratifySuffuse, implant, instill, infuse, fill, impregnate,放弃Relinquish, give up, disclaim, abdicate, abjure, waive, renounce, recant, wean, forsake, abdicate, desert, forswear, renounce, repudiate, forgo, disown, disavow, abandonRenunciation,获得得到Get, receive, Accept, attain, acquire, obtain, gain, repossess, retrieve, procure, catch,Earn, profit, embezzle, peculate, defalcate, graft, appropriate,Obtainable, accessible, receptive,Receiver, recipient, procurement夺Deprive, take away, exact, extort, dispossess, bereave, divest, strip,Loot, ravage, ransack, sack, despoil, plunder, rapine, snatch, ,exploit, distill,Confiscate, impound, sequestrate, forfeit, expropriateExaction, depredation, spoliation,吸引Attract, appeal, fascinate, draw, charm, intrigue, enchant, tempt, allure, enchant, enthrall, rivet, fix, spellbind, intoxicate, engross, occupy, captivate, enamor,Attractive, appealing, charming, pleasing, attractiveness, fascination, charisma, personal, magnetism, attraction, fascination,包含510Contain, consist of, comprise, cover, encompass, span, contain, encompass, subsume, consist of, include, involve, embroil, implicate, ;Configuration component，需要,Require, call for, need, demand, necessitate,Necessary, required, requisite, essential,Requisite, prerequisite, requirement, precondition,使Cause to be, make, lead to, render, turn into, trigger, activate, cause,要求，请求，Request, ask, entreat, demand, petition, appeal toSolicit, invoke, plead, implore, beseech,adjure,Dictate, command, mandate, order, instruct, charge,Imperative, essential, compulsory, mandatory, urgent, obligatory,Request, requisition, petition, invocation;促使，劝说，Advise, urge, argue, advocate, persuade, sway, influence,Convince, expostulate, exhort, hortative刺激，激发，鼓励Stimulate, activate, spur, incite, agitate, inspire, arouse, excite, provoke, actuate, incite, foment, stir up, trigger, Kindle, enkindle, igniteencourage, motivate, invigorate, prompt, instigate,Impetuous, impulsive;Drive, motivation, incentive, inducement, impetus推动，驱动，迫使Push, drive, propel, force, oblige, propel, compel goad欺骗，伪装Deceive, dupe, cheat, swindle, hoodwink,Disguise,Duplicity, artifice, chicanery, deception, scheme, subterfuge, duplicity.引诱Beguile, lure, tempt, allure, entice, tantalize, coax, delude, cozen, beguile,,Guile, deceit, cunning, wile, trickeryWily威吓Threaten, menace, intimidate ,hector, frighten, bully,Threatening, menacing,Threat, menace允许,承认Allow, let, permit, licenseAllowance, license, permission, consent, sanction, authorization期望Expect, look forward to, wait for, look ahead to, suppose, anticipate, await欲望，欲求Wish, want, desire, long, yearn, aspire, crave, hanker, covet:Desirous, eager, avid, greedy, acquisitive, much desired, coveted, ambitious, enterprising;Longing, aspiration, yearning, ambition, avarice, desire for, appetite, desire意图Intend, tend to, mean, plan, be inclined to, predispose, resolve, prone to, apt to, disposed to, attempt to, aim to, be set to, have in mind, slantIntentionally, purposely, deliberately, consciously,Intention, motive, tendency, trend, proclivity, inclination, acclivity declivity,Liable, inclined to, willingly, likely不愿意Waver, hesitate, oscillate, vacillate, boggle, pause, falter,reluctant, unwilling，irresolute, indecisive, undetermined, uncertain, undecided, unsure,Reluctantly, unwillinglyReluctance, unwillingness认知感觉，察觉Sense, feel, savor, be conscious of, be aware of, regain consciousness, perceive, Cognize, regard,Detect, identify, notice, recognize, observe,Heed, pay/give heed to, take heed/notice of, notice, pay/give attention toConscious, aware capable of feeling, sentient, percipient, cognizant,Consciousness, awareness, feeling, sense, sensation,Attention, heed, notice思考Think, consider, ponder, speculate, contemplate, reflect, muse, ponder, contemplate, muse, meditate, ruminate, chew, deliberate, take into account, take into consideration, cross one's mind, flash across one's mind, pass through one's mind, occur to sbthoughtful, meditative, pensive thought, consideration, reflection, contemplation理解know, understand, realize, appreciate, grasp, apprehend, figure out, be informed about, read, make out, go one’s idea across, decipher, decode, recognize, comprehend, be acquainted with, be famil iar with,忽视，忘记, 没感觉Forget, not remember, neglect, ignore, overlook, disregard, pay no attention to, take no notice of Condone, excuse, and forgive, pardon, absolve, exonerate, extenuate,Oblivious, remiss, delinquent, negligent,Neglectful, forgetful Oblivion, remission, omission.Amnesia, amnesty, inattention, oversight Ignorant, unknown,unconscious, unaware, insensitive, unresponsive清楚clarify, elucidate, shed light on, illuminate, make clear explicit, overt, precise, unambiguous, plain, clear, unequivocal,clarity, clearness, lucidity, transparency, simplicity, precision.迷惑Confuse, puzzle, muddle, bewilder, perplex, baffle, nonplus, flummox, disconcert, confound, mix up, fluster, obscure, obfuscate, perplex Quandary, dilemma, plight, predicament,赞成,同意Approve, endorse, grant, confirm, ratify, agree with, consent, endorse, approbate, assent, approve, accord, agree, accede, resonate,Unanimous, in full accord,Approval, agreement, concurrence, unanimity,approbation. Uniformity, consistency, endorsement, confirmation, ratification, sanction,allow, permit, let, consent to肯定，相信Certain, sure, ascertain,positive, confident, convinced, assured,Inevitable, certainly, surely, positively, definitely, confidently, assuredly, inevitably, undoubtedly, unquestionably, unequivocallyBelieve, trust, entrust, have faith in,fidelity, loyalty, faith, affidavit, conviction,喜欢，赞美Love, be fond of, like, favor,worship, adore,Laud, praise, commend, extol, exalt, exult, eulogize, honor, pay tribute to,hymn, paean, carol, psalm, encomium,不喜欢，Loath, hate, dislike, abhor, repulse, repel, abominate, detest,Heinous, odious, hateful, repellent, repulsive, repugnant obnoxious,Aversion, odium, aversion, revulsion, abhorrence,不同意，反对Disagree, dissent, reject, and disallow discord,Contradict, gainsay, say the opposite to, oppose, counter, be in opposition to, go up against, defy, controvert, impugn,Inconsistent, contradictory, in disagreement, at oddsDisharmony, dissonanceOpposing, dissenting, opposite, contradictory, override contrariwise, oppositely;Dispute, argue,反驳Refute, rebut, retort, deny, confute, contest, disprove羞辱，贬义Embarrass, humiliate, disgrace, dishonor, mortify, demean, discomfit, degrade, undermineEmbarrassed, ashamed, unembarrassed, unabashedHumiliation, chagrin忧虑Worry about, fret over, feel anxious, uneasy about, be concerned about,fret, agony,Anxious, uneasy;Anxiety, concern, uneasiness, disquietedness, nervousness疑问,不相信Doubt, query, question, inquiry,Discredit, distrust, disbelieve, mistrust, suspect, be suspicious of, have doubts aboutDoubtful, misgiving, skeptical, dubious, incredulous,;Doubt, incertitude, questioning, skepticism, implausibility, incredibility批评，谴责Criticize, censure, condemn, denounce, attack, rail, rebuke, blame, reprove, reprimand,reproach; diatribe, reproof, reprimand同,等, 似Accord, match, equal, like, resemble, approximate,Same, unified, matching, much the same, be similar to, akin to, the same as, equivalent, identical parallelEquivalent, congruity, concord, parallel, similarity, parallelism, tantamount, tally,Resemble, bear a resemblance to, be like, look like, simulate, take after, imitate, mimic, copy, emulate,比较Compare, contrast, weigh against, judge against, balance, parallelComparatively, relatively适合Suitable, fit, suited, proper, right, appropriate, apposite, apropos, opportune, fitting, apt,suitably, properly, rightly, appropriately, fittingly, aptly,相容Compatible, well-matched, well-suited, attuned, companionable, congenial, affable, amicable,Accommodate, Harbor, lodge,陪伴Accompany with, go along with, go together with, go with, come with, keep sb. Company, join, escort, convoy, cling to合作,合并Work together, cooperate, come together, and collaborate, join forces, team up, Merge, unite, connect, bond, bring together, combine, associate, amalgamate, swallow up, become one, come together, Affiliate, annex, coalesce, incorporate, integrate, put together, join together.Involve, embroil, include,Weld, join, solder,Merger, combination, solidarity, coalition, cohesion, conglomeration, agglomeration, confluence, Rapport, rapprochement, inseparable,聚集Gather, accumulate, amass, collect, pile up, heap up, compile, assemble, garner, convene, summon, organize, call together,swarm, throng, teem, crowdRally, confer, muster, congregate, aggregate, put together, amass, convoke, convene, collect a supply of;Collection, group, multitude, flock, herd, array, accumulation, accretion, backlog.Gregarious,联系，依靠Link, relate, connect, associate, correlate, attach, fasten, clinch, cling to, tie, adhere, affiliate,pertain, trace;Relevant, pertinent, germane,Link, bond, nexus, linkage, relationship, attachment,Rely on, trust, depend on, count on;Reliable, foolproof, dependable, independent, sovereign;trust, reliance, dependence,整体,全部，广义Complete, total, entire, full, whole, thorough, comprehensive, all-round, versatile, plenaryGenerally, entirely, fully, wholly, thoroughly, exhaustively, usually, largely, mainly, mostly, for the most part, on the whole, in generalAll over, throughout;交易，遇见，互相Trade, exchange, deal, do business, transact, interact, intertwine, swap, switch,Trade, commerce, interplay, commodity, goods, merchandise, transaction, interactionMeet, encounter, run into, run across, come across, happen to see, discover;Mutual, reciprocal, vice versa,遵守，认同Obey, comply with, act upon, follow, meet the terms, act in accordance, submit, observe, conform,Accordance, tractable, obedient, ductile, compliant, docile, manageable, tame,分分开，部分Divide, break up, separate, undo, seclude, sever, diversify, bifurcate, ramify, disconnect, cede, sunder, asunder, part, partition, isolate, part, detach,Exclude, occluded, preclude, segregate, secludeDisband, dismiss, scatter, estrange, segment, cleave, rift, disintegrate, split up, fall apart, collapse,Fission, crevice, partition, detachment, secession,Section, aspect, feature, facet, respect, side, sector, division, part, segment, fragment, piece, portion 背离Digress, deviate, diverge, astray, depart, swerve, deflect, defection, apostate, betray, divagate, secede egress,Perfidious, infidelity, disloyal, unfaithfulness, disaffected,不同Different, dissimilar, unlike, incongruous, discordant, disparate,Multifarious, motley, various varied, diversified,Diversity, shade, nuance, disparity, discrepancy, difference, variance, multiplicity,不相容，不适合Incompatible, mismatched, unsuited, discordant, inharmonious, unsuitable, improper, wrong, inappropriate, inopportune, unfitunsuitably, inappropriately,违背，对立Contravene, defend, break, breach, disobey, counter, resist, violate, defy, flout, infringe,infraction, 对立争，斗，努力Compete, via, contend, struggle, wrestle, tussle, challenge, fight against, emulate, rival, conflict, contest, strife, confront, face up to,Strive, make an effort, endeavor to, try to do, attempt to do, struggle;Effort, attemptantagonistic, hostile, friction躲避Avoid, escape, keep away from, stay away from, shun, wince, flee, run away, flight, parry, evade, dodge, sidestep, elude, shirk,成Win, succeed, triumph, prevail, outstrip, outwit, transcend, exceed, surmount, overcome surpass,Fulfill, complete, accomplish, finish, achieve, reach, approach, realize, soar,Subdue, suppress, override, overrule, subvert, topple,Consummation, achievement, feat, attainment, accomplishment.Accessible, reachable, attainable, obtainable, approachable,败Fail, be unsuccessful, be abortive, flunk, founder, bungle, sink, be fruitless, bungle, blunder, bumble, muff Failure, abortion, crash stranded,处理对付,处置Deal with, cope with, and dispose, handle, manage, process,Disposition选择Choose, select, favor, prefer, pick,传递Transmit, pass, hand on, transcribe, transfer, move, convert, convey, send, ferry, transport,Impart, inculcate, instruct, teach, inform, apprise, pass on transfusion,采用，利用Make use of, use, employ, utilize, exploit, consume, harness, assume, take on手段，工具By means of, by way of, by virtue of , method, manner, means, device, instrument, facility, implement, apparatus, appliance, mechanism, gadget, utensil, tools,contrivance, maneuver, tactic, mean, expedient, stratagem, tact, ploy,artifice, chicanery, scheme, plan, project, program行为，Act, perform, behave, work, serve as, operate, run, function to, conduct;Be engaged in, carry on, indulge in, participate, endeavor to, take part in, devote to, dedicate to,Behavior, demeanor, conduct, action, performance,信息处理表达说,表达say, tell, talk, speak, utter, express, voice, state, articulate, pronounce, emote,Declare, pronounce, claim, announce, address, intimateEquivocate, prevaricate, prattle, stammer,chat, discuss, converse, bargain, negotiate,talk, chat, discussion, debate, conversation, colloquy提出Suggest, propose, present, put forward, recommend, advocate, advise, posit, aver, allege, postulate, propound, tender,Hint, imply, insinuate, allude,描述Describe, depict, illustrate, limn, recount, portray, represent, define, characterize, delineate, sketch out,;description, version解释,说明Explain, interpret, explicate, detail, clarify, make clear, construe, misconstrue, elucidate, shed light on, decipher,, expound, disabuse, explain in detail, account for;Exposition, exhibition, connotation, exegesis, gloss annotate,表明Show, demonstrate, evince, indicate, display, exhibit,获取信息观察,探求observe, view, see, spot, watch, notice, make out, perceive, bring attention to, be aware of, distinguish, discern, detect, scrutinize, monitor, study, sight, inquire, probe, search, explore, Search, grope, probe, plumb, fathom, research, quest;调查，检查Inspect, examine, scan, study, check, investigate, censor, peruse, look into, look over, scrutinize, survey,Inspection, examination, census, censor, investigation, scrutiny, survey, inquiry, census, poll纪录，记载Record, register, document ,write down, take down, put down, note down, detail, keep details,逻辑分析证明Analyze, consider, infer, extrapolate, prove, justify, confirm, verify, validate, testify, attest, authenticate, substantiate, give evidence, corroborate假设Presume, assume, suppose, imagine, premise, surmise,推断Induce, infer, deduce, reason, derive from, ratiocinate, conclude,因果result from, result in, according to, attribute to, ascribe to, credit to, account for, derive from, arise from,proof, evidence, inference, conclusion,convince,cogent, sound, logical, rational,真，正确True, right, correct, proper, real, actual, genuine, veritable, veracious, authentic truly, really, actually, in fact, authentically, realistically, pragmatically;genuinely veraciously，faultless, impeccable, in the right way Truth, canon, criterion, norm, axiom, veracity. Rationale, truism, maxim,correct, revise, rectify假,错False, wrong, incorrect, fallacious mistaken, erroneous, unreal, errant, faultyFake, sham, phony, pretended, simulated, pseudoMistakenly, erroneously;Mistake, error, fault, fallacy, misconception, illusion; take A as B, confuse A with B, mistake A for B, erroneously identify A as B, falsify,发现, 揭示Discover, find out, learn, reveal, disclose, unveil, expose, divulge, make known, debunk, declassify, decode, decipher, translate, make out, revelation,其它强调的，Absolutely, incontrovertible, indispensable，indisputable, inalienable, indubitable, incontestable, irrefutable, incontrovertible;重要的Consequential, imponderable, paramount, substantial, major, significant, important, leading, major, dominant, predominant, prevailing, key, pivotal, decisive, critical, crucial, basic, fundamental, radical, essential,primary, integral, inherent, indispensable, necessary优缺点Advantage, benefit, advantageous, valuable, precious, positive, positive aspect, helpful, asset, valuable quality.Disadvantage, drawback, weakness, shortcoming, downside, negative aspect, unfavorable feature.明显的，突出的，优秀的，杰出的Obvious, apparent, evident, conspicuous visible, noteworthy, noticeable, notable, manifest, outstanding, remarkable, salient, prominent, eminent, distinguished, striking, extraordinary, excellent, monumental, phenomenal,主要mainly, chiefly, principally, predominatly, basically, fundamentally, primarily, inherently,"Although many people think that the luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life are entirelyharmless, they in fact, prevent people from developingsintostruly strong and independentindividuals."Do modern luxuries serve to undermine our true strength and independence as individuals? Thespeaker believes so, and I tend to agree. Consider the automobile, for example. Most people consider the automobile a necessity rather than a luxury; yet it is for this very reason that the automobile soaptly supports the speaker’s point. To the extent that we depend on cars as crutches, they prevent usfrom becoming truly independent and strong in character as individuals.可借鉴之处：开头启用了一个非常醒目的问句，这是最能吸引批卷者视线也是高分作文的表现!Consider first the effect of the automobile on our independence as individuals. In some respects theautomobile serves to enhance such independence. For example, cars make it possible for people inisolated and depressed areas without public transportation to become more independent by pursuinggainful employment outside their communities. And teenagers discover that owning a car, or evenborrowing one on occasion, affords them a needed sense of independence from their parents.此段主要是为下一段的驳论作铺垫。

艺术的英语词汇

surrealism 超现实主义
naturalism 自然主义
existentialism 存在主义
futurism 未来主义
inspiration 灵感,启发
muse 灵感
purism 修辞癖
conceptism 格言派,警名派
Byzantine 拜占庭式
Romanesaue 罗马式
Gothic 哥特式
Baroque 巴洛克式
Rococo 洛可可式
classicism 古典主义,古典风格
neoclassicism 新古典主义
古典风格neoclassicism新古典主义romanticism浪漫主义realism现实主义symbolism象征主义impressionism印象主义artnouveau新艺术主义expressionism表现主义fauvism野兽派abstractart抽象派
艺术的英语词汇
关于艺术的英语词汇
work 作品
work of art 艺术作品
masterpiece 杰作
plastic arts 造型艺术
graphic arts 形象艺术
Fine Arts 美术
art gallery 画廊,美术馆
salon 沙龙
exhibition 展览
collection 收藏
author 作者
style 风格
romanticism 浪漫主义
realism 现实主义
symbolism 象征主义
impressionism 印象主义
Art Nouveau 新艺术主义
expressionism 表现主义
Fauvism 野兽派abຫໍສະໝຸດ tract art 抽象派, 抽象主义

570个学术性词汇

570个学术性词汇570高频学术词汇1. abandon [ə'bændən] v.放弃；抛弃2. abstract ['æbstrækt, æb'strækt] a.抽象的n.摘要3. academy [ə'kædəmi] n.研究院；学院；学会4. access ['ækses, 'æksəs, æk'ses]n.接近；入口5. accommodate [ə'kɔmədeit] v.容纳；给…提供住宿；使适应6. accompany [ə'kʌmpəni] v.陪伴；伴随7. accumulate [ə'kju:mjuleit] v.积累8. accurate ['ækjurət] a.准确的9. achieve [ə'tʃi:v] v.完成；达到10. acknowledge [ək'nɔlidʒ] v.承认；致谢11. acquire [ə'kwaiə] v.获得12. adapt [ə'dæpt] v.使适应；改编13. adequate ['ædikwit] a.足够的14. adjacent [ə'dʒeisənt] a.毗连的；紧接着的15. adjust [ə'dʒʌst] v.调整；修改16. administration [əd,mini'streiʃən] n.管理；管理局；行政；政府17. adult ['ædʌlt, ə'dʌlt] n.&a.成人18. advocate ['ædvəkeit, 'ædvəkət] n.拥护者v.拥护19. affect [ə'fekt, 'æfekt] v.影响20. aggregate ['æɡriɡət, 'æɡriɡeit] a.总的n.总计v.总计21. aid [eid] v.帮助n.帮助；助手22. albeit [ɔ:l'bi:it] conj.虽然23. allocate ['æləukeit] v.分派24. alter ['ɔ:ltə] v.改变25. alternative [ɔ:l'tə:nətiv] n.替代物a.选择的26. ambiguous [æm'biɡjuəs] a.模棱两可的27. amend [ə'mend] v.修订；改过自新28. analogy [ə'nælədʒi] a.类似；比拟；类推29. analyze ['ænəlaiz] v.分析30. annual ['ænjuəl] a.每年的n.年鉴31. anticipate [æn'tisipeit] v.预料32. apparent [ə'pærənt] a.明显的33. append [ə'pend] v.附上34. appreciate [ə'pri:ʃieit] v.欣赏；感激35. approach [ə'prəutʃ] v.靠近n.方法36. appropriate [ə'prəuprieit, ə'prəupriət] a.恰当的37. approximate [ə'prɔksimit] a.近似的v.与…近似38. arbitrary ['ɑ:bitrəri] a.任意的；专断的39. area ['εəriə] n.地区；面积；领域40. aspect ['æspekt] n.方面；面貌41. assemble [ə'sembl] v.集合；装配；收集42. assess [ə'ses] v.对…估价；评价43. assign [ə'sain] v.指定；分配44. assist [ə'sist] v.帮助45. assume [ə'sju:m, ə'su:m] v.假设；认为；承担；呈现46. assure [ə'ʃuə] v.向…保证47. attach [ə'tætʃ] v.系；贴；使附加；使依恋48. attain [ə'tein] v.达到；获得49. attitude ['ætɪtjuːd, -tuːd] n.态度；姿势50. attribute [ə'tribju:t, 'ætribju:t] v.把…归因于n.性质51. author ['ɔ:θə] n.作者；作家；创始人52. authority [ɔ:'θɔrəti] n.当局；权威；权力53. automate ['ɔ:təmeit] v.使自动化54. available [ə'veiləbl] a.可得到的55. aware [ə'wεə] a.意识到的56. behalf [bi'hɑ:f] n.利益57. benefit ['benifit] n.利益；津贴v.有利于；获益58. bias ['baiəs] n.偏见；爱好59. bond [bɔnd] n.纽带；债券60. brief [bri:f] a.简短的61. bulk [bʌlk] n.体积；主体62. capable ['keipəbl] a.能够；有能力的63. capacity [kə'pæsəti] n.容量；潜在能力64. category ['kætiɡəri] n.种类；范畴65. cease [si:s] n.&v.停止66. challenge ['tʃælindʒ] n.挑战67. channel ['tʃænəl] n.海峡；渠道；频道68. chapter ['tʃæptə] n.章69. chart [tʃɑ:t] n.图表v.制图表70. chemical ['kemikəl] a.化学的n.化学药品71. circumstance ['sə:kəmstəns] n.情况72. cite [sait] v.引用73. civil ['sivəl] a.公民的；国内的；民用的74. clarify ['klærifai] v.阐明75. classic ['klæsik] n.名著a.古典的76. clause [klɔ:z] n.条款；从句77. code [kəud] n.法典；代码；习俗78. coherent [kəu'hiərənt] a.一致的；连贯的79. coincide [,kəuin'said] v.巧合，同时发生80. collapse [kə'læps] v.&n.倒坍；瓦解81. colleague ['kɔli:ɡ] n.同事82. commence [kə'mens] v.开始83. comment ['kɔment] n.&v.评论；注释84. commission [kə'miʃən] n.委员会；委托；委托书；佣金85. commit [kə'mit] v.犯罪86. commodity [kə'mɔditi] n.日用品87. communicate [kə'mju:nikeit] v.通信；交流88. community [kə'mju:niti] n.社区；社会；界89. compatible [kəm'pætəbl] a.和睦的；兼容的90. compensate ['kɔmpenseit] v.补偿91. compile [kəm'pail] v.编92. complement ['kɔmplimənt] v.&n.补充93. complex ['kɔmpleks] a.复杂的94. component [kəm'pəunənt] n.组成部分a.组成的95. compound ['kɔmpaund, kəm'paund] n.化合物a.复合的96. comprehensive [,kɔmpri'hensiv] a.综合的97. comprise [kəm'praiz] v.包含；构成98. compute [kəm'pju:t] v.计算99. conceive [kən'si:v] v.构思；怀胎；认为100. concentrate ['kɔnsəntreit] v.集中；浓缩101. concept ['kɔnsept] n.概念102. conclude [kən'klu:d] v.结束；下结论103. concurrent [kən'kʌrənt] a.同时发生的；并存的104. conduct ['kɔndʌkt, kən'dʌkt] n.行为v.实施；指挥；导电105. confer [kən'fə:] v.授予；协商106. confine [kən'fain, 'kɔnfain] v.限制；禁闭107. confirm [kən'fə:m] v.证实108. conflict [kən'flikt, 'kɔnflikt] n.冲突v.冲突109. conform [kən'fɔ:m] v.遵守；符合110. consent [kən'sent] n.&v.同意111. consequent ['kɔnsi,kwənt] a.作为结果的112. considerable [kən'sidərəbl] a.相当的113. consist [kən'sist] v.由…组成114. constant ['kɔnstənt] a.不断的115. constitute ['kɔnstitju:t] v.构成116. constrain [kən'strein] v.限制；强制117. construct [kən'strʌkt] v.建造118. consult [kɔn'sʌlt, 'kɔnsʌlt] v.商量；咨询；查阅119. consume [kən'sju:m] v.消耗；消费120. contact ['kɔntækt, kən'tækt] v.&n.接触；联系121. contemporary [kən'tempərəri] a.当代的n.同代人122. context ['kɔntekst] n.上下文；背景123. contract ['kɔntrækt, kən'trækt] n.合同v.收缩124. contradict [,kɔntrə'dikt] v.反驳；与…矛盾125. contrary ['kɔntrəri] a.&n.相反126. contrast [kən'trɑ:st, -'træst, 'kɔntrɑ:st, -træst] n.对比v.形成对比127. contribute [kən'tribju:t] v.捐献；贡献；投稿128. controversy ['kɔntrə,və:si] n.争论129. convene [kən'vi:n] v.召集130. converse [kən'və:s] a.相反的131. convert [kən'və:t] v.转化132. convince [kən'vins] v.使确信133. cooperate [kəu'ɔpəreit] v.合作134. coordinate [kəu'ɔ:dinit, kəu'ɔ:dineit] a.同等的v.使协调135. core [kɔ:] n.核心136. corporate ['kɔ:pərit] a.公司的137. correspond [,kɔ:ri'spɔnd] v.通信；符合；对应138. couple ['kʌpl] n.两个；夫妇139. create [kri'eit] v.创造；引起140. credit ['kredit] n.信用；学分；功劳141. criterion [krai'ti.ri.n] n.标准142. crucial ['kru:..l] a.决定性的143. culture ['k.lt..] n.文化；修养144. currency ['k.r.nsi] n.货币145. cycle ['saikl] n.循环；周期146. data ['deit.] n.[复]数据147. debate [di'beit] n.&v.辩论148. decade ['dekeid] n.十年149. decline [di'klain] v.谢绝；下倾；衰退n.衰退150. deduce [di'dju:s] v.演绎151. define [di'fain] v.给…下定义；明确152. definite ['definit] a.明确的153. demonstrate ['dem.nstreit] v.表明；演示；示威154. denote [di'n.ut] v.表示155. deny [di'nai] v.否认156. depress [di'pres] v.使沮丧157. derive [di'raiv] v.引伸；起源158. design [di'zain] v.设计n.设计；图案159. despite [di'spait] prep.尽管160. detect [di'tekt] v.发觉；检测161. deviate ['di:vieit, 'di:vi.t] v.背离162. device [di'vais] n.装置；设计163. devote [di'v.ut] v.致力；为…献身164. differentiate [,dif.'ren.ieit] v.区分165. dimension [di'men..n, dai-] n.尺寸；维166. diminish [di'mini.] v.减少167. discrete [dis'kri:t] a.分离的168. discriminate [dis'krimineit, dis'krimin.t] v.区别；歧视169. displace [dis'pleis] v.移置；置换170. display [,dis'plei] v.&n.展览；显示171. dispose [dis'p.uz] v.处置172. distinct [dis'ti.kt] a.清晰的；独特的；不同的173. distort [dis't.:t] v.歪曲；扭曲174. distribute [di'stribju:t, 'dis-] v.分发；分配；分布175. diverse [dai'v.:s, di-] a.多样的176. document ['d.kjum.nt, 'd.kjument] n.文件v.引证177. domain [d.u'mein] n.领域；域；版图178. domestic [d.u'mestik] a.国内的；家庭的179. dominate ['d.mineit] v.支配180. draft [drɑ:ft, dr.ft] n.草稿v.起草181. drama ['drɑ:m., dr.m.] n.戏剧182. duration [dju.'rei..n] n.持续时间183. dynamic [dai'n.mik] a.有活力的184. economy [i'k.n.mi] n.经济；节约185. edit ['edit] v.编辑186. element ['elim.nt] n.元素；要素187. eliminate [i'limineit] v.消灭；消除188. emerge [i'm.:d.] v.出现189. emphasis ['emf.sis] n.强调190. empirical [em'pirik.l] n.经验的191. enable [i'neibl] v.使能够192. encounter [in'kaunt.] v.&n.遇到193. energy ['en.d.i] n.精力；能量194. enforce [in'f.:s] v.实施；强制195. enhance [in'hɑ:ns, -h.ns] v.增强196. enormous [i'n.:m.s] a.巨大的；大量的197. ensure [in'.u.] v.保证198. entity ['ent.ti] n.实体199. environment [in'vai.r.nm.nt] n.环境200. equate [i'kweit] v.使相等；使平等201. equip [i'kwip] v.装备202. equivalent [i'kwiv.l.nt] a.相等的n.等值物203. erode [i'r.ud] v.腐蚀204. error ['er.] n.错误205. establish [i'st.bli.] v.建立；确立206. estate [i'steit] n.房地产；财产207. estimate ['estimeit] v.估计n.208. ethic ['eθik] n.伦理209. ethnic ['eθnik] n.种族的210. evaluate [i'v.ljueit] v.对…估价；评价211. eventual [i'vent.u.l] a.最后的212. evident ['evid.nt] a.明显的213. evolve [i'v.lv] v.进化；演变214. exceed [ik'si:d] v.超过215. exclude [iks'klu:d] v.排除216. exhibit [iɡ'zibit] v.显示；展览n.展览217. expand [ik'sp.nd] v.扩大；膨胀218. expert ['eksp.:t, ek'sp.:t] n.专家a.熟练的219. explicit [ik'splisit] a.明晰的；详述的；直率的220. exploit ['ekspl.it, ik's-] v.剥削；利用；开采n.功绩221. export [ik'sp.:t, 'eks-, 'eksp.:t] v.出口n.出口；出口商品222. expose [ik'sp.uz] v.暴露；揭露；使接触223. external [ik'st.:n.l] a.外部的224. extract [ik'str.kt, 'ekstr.kt] v.取出；榨取n.摘录225. facilitate [f.'siliteit] v.使容易；促进226. factor ['f.kt.] n.因素；因子227. feature ['fi:t..] n.特征；容貌228. federal ['fed.r.l] a.联邦的；联盟的229. fee [fi:] n.费230. file ['fail] n.档案；文件；锉231. final ['fainl] a.最后的；决定性的232. finance [fai'n.ns] n.财政；金融v.给…提供资金233. finite ['fainait] a.有限的234. flexible ['fleksibl] a.易弯曲的；灵活的235. fluctuate ['fl.ktjueit] v.波动236. focus ['.s] v.集中n.焦点；焦距237. format ['f.:m.t] n.格式238. formula ['f.:mjul.] n.公式239. forthcoming ['f.:θ'k.mi.] a.即将到来的240. found [faund] v.创立；建立241. foundation [faun'dei..n] n.创立；基础；基金会242. framework ['freimw.:k] n.框架；体制243. function ['f..k..n] n.功能；函数v.运行244. fund [f.nd] n.基金245. fundamental [,f.nd.'ment.l] a.基础的；根本的246. furthermore ['f.:e.m.:] ad.此外247. gender ['d.end.] n.性别248. generate ['d.en.reit] v.产生249. generation [,d.en.'rei..n] n.一代；产生250. globe [ɡl.ub] n.球；地球251. goal [ɡ.ul] n.球门；目标252. grade [ɡreid] n.等级；年级；成绩253. grant [ɡrɑ:nt, ɡr.nt] n.授予物；拨款；助学金v.授予254. guarantee [,ɡ.r.n'ti:] n.&v.保证255. guideline ['ɡaidlain] n.方针256. hence [hens] ad.因此257. hierarchy ['hai.,rɑ:ki] n.等级制度258. highlight ['hailait] n.精华v.强调259. hypothesis [hai'p.θisis] n.假设；假说260. identical [ai'dentik.l] a.同一的261. identify [ai'dentifai] v.认出；识别262. ideology [,aidi'.l.d.i, ,idi-] n.思想体系；意识形态263. ignorance ['iɡn.r.ns] n.无知；不知道264. illustrate ['il.streit] v.举例说明；图解265. image ['imid.] n.像；图像；形象266. immigrate ['imiɡreit] v.移民入境267. impact ['imp.kt, im'p.kt] n.碰撞；影响268. implement ['implim.nt, 'impliment] n.工具v.贯彻269. implicate ['implikeit] v.暗示；使牵连270. implicit [im'plisit] a.含蓄的；内含的271. imply [im'plai] v.暗示272. impose [im'p.uz] v.征(税)；强加273. incentive [in'sentiv] n.&a.刺激274. incidence ['insid.ns] n.发生275. incline [in'klain] n.斜坡v.使倾斜；使倾向276. income ['ink.m] n.收入277. incorporate [in'k.:p.reit, in'k.:p.r.t] v.合并278. index ['indeks] n.索引；指标；指数279. indicate ['indikeit] v.表明280. individual [,indi'vidju.l, -d..l] n.个人；个体a.单个的；独特的281. induce [in'dju:s, in'du:s] v.劝诱；导致282. inevitable [in'evit.bl] a.不可避免的283. infer [in'f.:] v.推断284. infrastructure ['infr.,str.kt..] n.基础设施285. inherent [in'hi.r.nt] a.固有的286. inhibit [in'hibit] v.抑制287. initial [i'ni..l] a.最初的n.首字母288. initiate [i'ni.ieit, i'ni.i.t, -eit] v.开始；启蒙289. injure ['ind..] v.使受伤290. innovate ['in.uveit] v.创新291. input ['input] v.&n.输入292. insert [in's.:t, 'ins.:t] v.插入n.插页293. insight ['insait] n.洞察力；见识294. inspect [in'spekt] v.检查；视察295. instance ['inst.ns] n.例子296. institute ['institjut, -tu:t] n.研究所；学院v.设立297. instruct [in'str.kt] v.教；指导298. integral ['intiɡr.l] a.整体的299. integrate ['intiɡreit, 'intiɡrit, -ɡreit] v.使结合300. integrity [in'teɡr.ti] n.诚信；完整301. intelligence [in'telid..ns] n.智力；情报302. intense [in'tens] a.强烈的303. interact ['int.r.kt] v.相互作用304. intermediate [,int.'mi:dj.t, -dieit] a.中间的；中级的305. internal [in't.:n.l] a.内部的306. interpret [in't.:prit] v.解释；口译307. interval ['int.v.l] n.间隔；休息308. intervene [,int.'vi:n] v.干预309. intrinsic [in'trinsik,-k.l] a.内在的310. invest [in'vest] v.投资311. investigate [in'vestiɡeit] v.调查312. invoke [in'] v.恳求；实施313. involve [in'v.lv] v.使卷入314. isolate ['ais.leit, -lit] v.隔离；孤立315. issue ['i.ju:, 'isju:] n.问题v.发行316. item ['ait.m] n.条款；条317. job [d..b] n.工作318. journal ['d..:n.l] n.杂志319. justify ['d..stifai] v.证明…有理320. label ['leibl] n.标签；标记321. labor ['leib.] n.&v.劳动322. layer ['lei.] n.层323. lecture ['lekt..] n.&v.讲课；讲座324. legal ['li:ɡ.l] a.合法的；法律的325. legislate ['led.isleit] v.为…立法326. levy ['levi] v.征收n.税款327. liberal ['lib.r.l] a.自由的；开明的n.开明的人328. license ['lais.ns] n.执照329. likewise ['laikwaiz] ad.同样地330. link [li.k] v.连接n.链；环节331. locate [l.u'keit, 'l.u] v.使位于；找到332. logic ['l.d.ik] n.逻辑333. maintain [mein'tein] v.维持；维修334. major ['meid..] a.较大的；主要的n.专业v.专修335. manipulate [m.'nipjuleit] v.操作；操纵336. manual ['m.nju.l] a.手的；体力的n.手册337. margin ['mɑ:d.in] n.页边距；边缘；余地338. mature [m.'tju.] a.&v.成熟339. maximize ['m.ksimaiz] v.使最大化340. mechanism ['mek.niz.m] n.机制341. media ['mi:di.] n.媒体342. mediate ['mi:dieit] v.调停343. medical ['medik.l] a.医学的344. medium ['mi:di.m, -dj.m] n.媒质；中间a.中等的345. mental ['ment.l] a.精神的；脑力的346. method ['meθ.d] n.方法347. migrate [mai'ɡreit, 'maiɡ-] v.迁移348. military ['milit.ri] a.军事的349. minimal ['minim.l] a.最小的350. minimize ['minimaiz] v.使最小化351. minimum ['minim.m] n.最小量a.最小的352. ministry ['ministri] n.部353. minor ['main.] a.次要的n.辅修专业v.辅修354. mode [m.ud] n.模式355. modify ['m.difai] v.修改；修饰356. monitor ['m.nit.] n.班长；显示器v.监视357. motive ['m.utiv] n.动机a.运动的358. mutual ['mju:t.u.l, -tju.l] a.相互的；共同的359. negate [ni'ɡeit, 'neɡeit, 'ni:-] v.否定360. network ['netw.:k] n.网络361. neutral ['nju:tr.l] a.中立的；中性的362. nevertheless [,nev.e.'les] ad.然而363. nonetheless [,n.ne.'les] ad.然而364. norm [n.:m] n.标准365. normal ['n.:m.l] a.正常的；正规的366. notion ['n.u..n] n.概念；想法367. notwithstanding [,n.twiθ'st.ndi., -wie-] prep.&conj.虽然368. nuclear ['nju:kli., 'nu:-] a.核的；核心的369. objective [.b'd.ektiv, .b-] a.客观的n.目标370. obtain [.b'tein, .b-] v.获得371. obvious ['.bvi.s] a.明显的372. occupy ['.kjupai] v.占；使忙碌373. occur [.'k.:] v.发生；出现；想起374. odd [.d] a.奇怪的；奇数的；临时的375. offset [,.f'set, ,.:-, '.fset, '.:-] n.分支v.抵消376. ongoing ['.n,ɡ.ui., '.:n-] n.进行中的377. option ['.p..n] n.选择378. orient ['.:ri.nt, '.u-, '.:rient] n.东方v.给…定位379. outcome ['autk.m] n.结果380. output ['autput, ,aut'put] n.产量；输出381. overall ['.uv.r.:l, ,.uv.'r.:l] n.[overalls]工作服a.总体的382. overlap [,.uv.'l.p, '.uv.l.p] v.重叠383. overseas ['.uv.'si:z] ad.&a.海外384. panel ['p.nl] n.专门小组；面板385. paradigm ['p.r.dim] n.范例386. paragraph ['p.r.ɡrɑ:f, -ɡr.f] n.段落387. parallel ['p.r.lel] a.平行的v.使平行388. parameter [p.'r.mit.] n.参数389. participate [pɑ:'tisipeit] v.参加390. partner ['pɑ:tn.] n.伙伴391. passive ['p.siv] a.被动的；消极的392. perceive [p.'si:v] v.感觉到；理解393. percent [p.'sent] n.百分之…394. period ['p..r..d] n.时期；句号395. persist [p.'sist, -'zist] v.坚持；持续396. perspective [p.'spektiv] n.角度；观点397. phase [feiz] n.阶段398. phenomenon [fi'n.min.n, f.-] n.现象399. philosophy [fi'l.s.fi, f.-] n.哲学400. physical ['fizik.l] a.物质的；身体的；物理的401. plus [pl.s] prep.加n.加号402. policy ['p.lisi] n.政策403. portion ['p.:..n, 'p.u-] n.部分；份v.分404. pose [p.uz] v.摆姿势；提出n.姿势405. positive ['p.z.tiv, -zi-] a.肯定的；积极的；正的；阳性的406. potential [p.u'ten..l] a.潜在的n.潜力407. practitioner [pr.k'ti..n.] n.开业者408. precede [pri:'si:d, pri-] v.先于；优先于409. precise [pri'sais] a.精确的410. predict [pri'dikt] v.预言411. predominant [,pri'd.min.nt] a.占优势的；主要的412. preliminary [pri'limin.ri] a.预备的；初步的n.初试；预赛413. presume [pri'zju:m, -'zu:m] v.假定414. previous ['pri:vj.s] a.先前的415. primary ['praim.ri] a.初级的；主要的416. prime [praim] a.首要的n.全盛时期417. principal ['prins.p.l] a.主要的n.校长418. principle ['prins.pl] n.原则419. prior ['prai.] a.在先的420. priority [prai'.r.ti] n.在先；重点421. proceed [pr.u'si:d] v.继续进行422. process ['es, 'pr.-] n.过程v.加工423. professional [pr.u'fe..n.l] a.职业的n.专业人员424. prohibit [pr.u'hibit] v.禁止425. project ['pr.d.ekt, 'pr.u, pr.'d.ekt] n.项目；工程v.投射426. promote [pr.u'm.ut] v.促进；提升；促销427. proportion [pr..p...(.)n] n.比例；相称428. prospect ['pr.spekt] n.前景v.勘探429. protocol ['pr.ut.k.l] n.协议；礼仪430. psychology [psai'k.l.d.i] n.心理学431. publication [,p.bli'kei..n] n.出版；出版物432. publish ['p.bli.] v.出版433. purchase ['p.:t..s] n.&v.购买434. pursue [p.'sju:, -'su:] v.追；追求；从事435. qualitative ['kw.lit.tiv, -tei-] a.质的；定性的436. quote [kw.ut, k.ut] v.引用437. radical ['r.dik.l] a.基本的；激进的438. random ['r.nd.m] n.&a.随机439. range [reind.] n.范围；山脉；炉灶v.排列440. ratio ['rei.i.u, -..u] n.比441. rational ['r...n.l] a.理性的；合理的442. react [ri'.kt, ri:-] v.反应443. recover [ri'k.v.] v.恢复；挽回444. refine [ri'fain] v.提炼445. regime [rei'.i:m, ri-, ri'd.i:m] n.政权；制度446. region ['ri:d..n] n.地区；领域447. register ['red.ist.] n.&v.登记；注册；挂号n.登记簿448. regulate ['reɡjuleit] v.调整449. reinforce [,ri:in'f.:s] v.增援；加强450. reject [ri'd.ekt] v.拒绝451. relax [ri'l.ks] v.使放松452. release [ri'li:s] v.&n.释放；公布453. relevant ['rel.v.nt] a.相关的454. reluctance [ri'l.kt.ns] n.勉强455. rely [ri'lai] v.依靠；信赖456. remove [ri'mu:v] v.移开；搬迁；消除457. require [ri'kwai.] v.需要；要求458. research [ri's.:t., 'ri:s-] n.研究459. reside [ri'zaid] v.居住460. resolve [ri'z.lv] v.解决；决心n.决心461. resource [ri's.:s, -'z.:s, 'ri:s-, 'ri:z-] n.资源；谋略462. respond [ri'sp.nd] v.回答；响应463. restore [ri'st.:] v.恢复；归还464. restrain [ri'strein] v.抑制465. restrict [ri'strikt] v.限制466. retain [ri'tein] v.保持；保留467. reveal [ri'vi:l] v.显示；告诉468. revenue ['rev.nju:, -nu:] n.税收469. reverse [ri'v.:s] v.颠倒n.相反；背面470. revise [ri'vaiz, 'ri:vaiz] v.修订471. revolution [,rev.'lu:..n] n.革命；旋转472. rigid ['rid.id] a.刻板的473. role [r.ul] n.角色；作用474. route [ru:t, raut] n.路线475. scenario [si'nɑ:ri.u, -'n.-, -'nε.-] n.剧本；方案476. schedule ['..dju:.l, -d.u:.l, 'sked.u:.l, -d.u.l] n.时间表477. scheme [ski:m] v.计划n.方案；诡计478. scope [sk.up] n.范围479. section ['sek..n] n.部分；截面480. sector ['sekt.] n.扇形；部门481. secure [si'kju.] a.安全的v.获得482. seek [si:k] v.寻找；试图483. select [si'lekt] v.选择484. sequence ['si:kw.ns] n.顺序；连续485. series ['si.ri:z, -riz] n.系列486. sex [seks] n.性别；性487. shift [.ift] v.&n.转移488. significant [sig'nifik.nt] n.有意义的；重要的489. similar ['simil.] a.相似的490. simulate ['simjuleit] v.假装；模仿491. site [sait] n.地点；场所492. so-called ['s.u'k.:ld] a.所谓的493. sole [s.ul] n.脚底；鞋底a.唯一的494. somewhat ['s.mhw.t, -hw.t] ad.有点495. source [s.:s] n.源；来源496. specific [spi'sifik] a.具体的；特有的497. specify ['spes.fai, -si-] v.指定；详细说明498. sphere [sfi.] n.球；领域499. stable ['steibl] a.稳定的n.马厩500. statistic [st.'tistik] a.统计的501. status ['steit.s, 'st.-] n.地位502. straightforward [,streit'f.:w.d] a.坦率的；明确的503. strategy ['str.tid.i] n.战略；策略504. stress [stres] n.压力；重音v.强调505. structure ['str.kt..] n.结构；建筑物506. style [stail] n.风格507. submit [s.b'mit] v.服从；提交508. subordinate [s.'b.:din.t, -neit, s.'b.:dineit] a.下级的；从属的n.部下509. subsequent ['s.bsikw.nt] a.随后的510. subsidy ['s.bsidi] n.补助；津贴511. substitute ['s.bstitju:t, -tu:t] n.代替者v.代替512. successor [s.k'ses.] n.继任者513. sufficient [s.'fi..nt] a.足够的514. sum [s.m] n.总数；金额v.总计515. summary ['s.m.ri] n.概要a.概括的516. supplement ['s.plim.nt, 's.pl.ment] n.增刊；补遗v.增补；补充517. survey [s.:'vei, 's.:vei, s.-] v.俯瞰；测量；调查n.俯瞰；测量；调查518. survive [s.'vaiv] v.幸存519. suspend [s.'spend] v.悬挂；推迟520. sustain [s.'stein] v.保持；忍受521. symbol ['simb.l] n.象征；符号522. tape [teip] v.捆；录(磁带) n.带子；磁带523. target ['tɑ:ɡit] n.靶子；目标524. task [tɑ:sk, t.sk] n.任务525. team [ti:m] n.队；团队v.协作526. technical ['teknik.l] a.技术的527. technique [tek'ni:k] n.技术；技巧528. technology [tek'n.l.d.i] n.技术529. temporary ['temp.r.ri] a.暂时的；临时的530. tense [tens] n.时态a.绷紧的531. terminate ['t.:mineit] v.终止532. text [tekst] n.正文,文本533. theme [θi:m] n.主题534. theory ['θi.ri, 'θi:.-] n.理论535. thereby [,eε.'bai, 'eε.bai] ad.从而536. thesis ['θi:sis] n.论文；论点537. topic ['t.pik] n.话题538. trace [treis] n.痕迹v.追踪539. tradition [tr.'di..n] n.传统540. transfer [tr.ns'f.:] v.&n.转移；换车；调动541. transform [tr.ns'f.:m, -, trɑ:n-] v.转变；改革542. transit ['tr.nsit, -zit, 'trɑ:n-] n.通过；运输；过渡543. transmit ['mit, tr.ns-, trɑ:n-] v.传播；传递544. transport [tr.ns'p.:t; -tr.ns'p.:t, -, trɑ:n-, 'tr.nsp.:t, '-, 'trɑ:n-] n.&v.运输545. trend [trend] n.趋势546. trigger ['triɡ.] v.引发n.板机547. ultimate ['.ltim.t] a.最终的；根本的548. undergo [,.nd.'ɡ.u] v.经历549. underlie [,.nd.'lai] v.是…的基础550. undertake [,.nd.'teik] v.接受；从事551. uniform ['ju:nif.:m] a.一样的n.制服552. unify ['ju:nifai] v.统一553. unique [ju:'ni:k] a.独一无二的554. utilize ['ju:tilaiz] v.利用555. valid ['v.lid] a.有效的；正当的556. vary ['vε.ri] v.变化；使多样化557. vehicle ['vi..k(.)l] n.车辆558. version ['v.:..n] n.译文；说法559. via ['vai.] prep.经由560. violate ['vai.leit] v.违犯561. virtual ['v.:t.u.l] a.实际上的562. visible ['viz.bl] a.可看见的563. vision ['vi..n] n.视力；眼光564. visual ['vizju.l] a.视觉的565. volume ['v.lju:m] n.卷，册；体积；额；音量566. voluntary ['v.l.nt.ri] a.自愿的567. welfare ['welfε.] n.福利568. whereas [hwε.'.z conj.而569. whereby [hwε.'bai] ad.由此570. widespread ['waid'spred] a.普遍的。

基础名词解释

基础名词解释基础名词解释名词是指语言中用来指称人、事、物、抽象概念等的词语。

名词是英语语法的一个基本要素，它用来表示一个实际存在的人或事物，或是一个抽象概念。

名词可以分为两种类型：具体名词和抽象名词。

具体名词是指可以通过看、摸、听、闻、尝等感官来感知的人或事物，比如：apple（苹果）、book（书）、dog（狗）等。

抽象名词是指无法通过感官来直接感知的事物，它们通常表示一种抽象的概念或观念，比如：love（爱）、happiness（幸福）、knowledge （知识）等。

另外，名词还可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词是指可以用数字进行计数的名词，如：a pen（一支笔）、two books（两本书）等；而不可数名词是指无法被具体数字计数的名词，如：water（水）、milk（牛奶）等。

不可数名词通常表示一种抽象的概念、物质或状态。

名词的单数形式和复数形式也是需要注意的。

英语名词在表示单数的时候，一般不加任何变化，如：one book（一本书）、a pen（一支笔）等；而表示复数的形式通常在词尾加上-s或-es，如：two books（两本书）、three pens（三支笔）等。

但是也有很多名词不遵循这个规则，需要根据不同的规则进行变化，如：man（男人）的复数形式是men（男人们）、child（孩子）的复数形式是children（孩子们）等。

名词在句子中通常作为主语、宾语、表语、定语或同位语，起到描述和修饰其他词语的作用。

名词还可以通过加上前缀和后缀来形成新的词语，如：unhappiness（不幸福）、teacher（教师）等。

总之，名词是英语中表示人、事、物、抽象概念等的词汇，它可以分为具体名词和抽象名词，可数名词和不可数名词，单数和复数形式，作为句子的各种成分进行使用。

了解和掌握名词的基本特点和用法对于学习和运用英语语法非常重要。

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