语法精讲强化系列 7定语从句
定语从句讲解最全课件
详细描述
定语从句可以用来描述人或物的特征 ，从而使读者更加具体地了解这个人 或物。例如，在描述一个人时，可以 使用定语从句来描述这个人的外貌、 性格、职业等特征。
利用定语从句表达作者的观点和态度
总结词
使观点和态度更加明确
详细描述
定语从句可以用来表达作者的观点和态度。通过使用定语从句，可以更加明确地表达自 己的观点和态度，同时使这种表达更加有力。例如，在写作中可以使用定语从句来表达
对某人或某事的看法或评价。
THANKS
感谢观看
根据从句在句子中的位置，定语 从句可以分为前置定语从句和后
置定语从句。
根据从句与所修饰名词或代词的 逻辑关系，定语从句可以分为限 制性定语从句和非限制性定语从
句。
02
关系代词引导的定语从句
that的用法
先行词为all, much, few, something, one, the +名词，the only +名词，the very +名词，the last等时，常用that引导定语从句。
when在从句中作时间状语，表 示动作发生的时间点或时间段
where的用法
引导定语从句，表示地点关系 先行词可以是表示地点的词，如：place, city, building等
where在从句中作地点状语，表示动作发生的地点或位置
why的用法
引导定语从句，表示原因关系 先行词是表示原因的词，如：reason, cause等
先行词被the only，the very，the same修饰时
总结词
当先行词被the only，the very，the same修饰时，定语从句通常使用that引 导。
VS
语法精讲——从句的辨析
一、弄清复句的概念。
复句是指“主句+从句”。
英语中共有：三种从句类型：状语从句，定语从句和名词性从句。
从句的构成：从句的标志词+陈述句。
从句存在的规则：两句并存有且必须有一主一从之分。
标志词的使用规则：两句并存有且仅有一个从句的标志词。
二、了解如下三大从句的功能解析。
定语从句：（整个从句在主句中充当一个定语）构成：the+先行词（被修饰名词）+关系词+陈述句。
如何判断是一个定从：只要主句中有一个名词或整个主句在后面的从句中充当一个逻辑意思成分，该从句即为定语从句。
如何选择关系词：看从句缺少什么成分，指什么。
关系词的功能：who（定从中做主语，指人）whom（定从中做宾语，指人）that（定从中做主/宾语，指人/物）whose（定从中做定语，指人/物）which（定从中做主/宾语，指物）as（整个主句在从句中做主/宾，从句中常含有know/see/expect 的标志，且此定从常可置于主句之前，译为“正如…样”）when（定从中做时间状语）where（定从中做地点状语）why（定从中做原因状语）☆翻译原则：先译定从加“的”再译被修饰名词。
名词性从句：（在一个句子中的名词性成分——主语、表语、宾语、同位语处出现的句子）构成：连词+陈述句分类：主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句，同位语从句。
如何选择连词：只要判断一个从句中缺何成分，指什么。
连词的各个功能如下：that（不做任何成分，没有任何实意，只陈述事实，宾从中可省）who（做主语，指人，译为“谁”）whom（做宾语，指人，译为“谁”）whose（做定语，指人，译为“谁的”）which（做定语，指物，译为“哪一个”、“哪一些”可和of连用表范围指人）what（做主、表宾，指物，译为“什么”或“是…的”）when（做时间状语，译为“何时”）where（做地点状语，译为“哪里”）why（做原因状语，译为“为什么”）how（做方式状语，译为“怎么”“怎样”）if（是否，只用于及物动词的宾从中）whether （是否，可用于一切名从中常和or not 连用）☆翻译原则：是按词序不变。
(完整版)定语从句讲解
1一、定语从句概述定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语 等来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。
在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语 从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。
被定 语从句修饰的名词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
二 关系词的用法。
关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词指代先行词，放在先行词与 定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分（主语、宾 语、状语等）。
引导定语从句的关系代词有"at ，who ，whom ，whose ，which;关系副词有 when ，where ，why 等。
关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表 1.关系代词的用法(1) who, whom 的用法二者都用于指人。
who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom 在定语从句中 作宾语。
在现代英语里，有时who 也可代替whom 在从句中作宾语。
作 宾语的关系代词who ，whom 可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外）。
She was the one who did most of the talking 。
大部分时间都是她在说话。
（作主语） The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。
（作宾语）I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a party. 我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。
（作宾语，whom 可用who 代替) whom 在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词提到whom 前面时，不能用who 代替。
Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park .昨天 我碰见了几个朋友，我和他们一起去了公园。
中考英语语法精讲：定语从句
中考英语语法精讲：定语从句定语从句精讲一、基本概念：定语从句：在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
关系词：引导定语从句词叫关系词。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
常见的关系代词有that, which, who (宾格whom, 所有格whose)等,关系代词在从句中做主语，宾语或定语；关系副词有where, when, why等，关系副词在从句中做状语。
关系词的作用：1.代替先行词；2.连接先行词和从句；3.作定语从句的句子成分。
二、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去；非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
三、关系代词和关系副词的用法注意前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。
例如:This is the house in which we lived last year.Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。
例如:This is the person whom you are looking for.(3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。
例如:The city that she lives in is very far away.(4)关系词只能用that的情况:a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词或形容词最高级时,只能用that。
He was the first person that passed the exam.b.先行词是all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时,只能用that。
英语语法精讲：定语从句
定语从句定语从句(也称关系从句、形容词性从句)，一个句子跟在一个名词或代词(先行词)后进行修饰限定(对词句进行补充、修饰、限定，进而使原句内容更完整)，就叫做定语从句。
按语法句式，定语从句在整个句子中做定语的成分。
被修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。
定语从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。
基本信息第一种:关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换), 例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose cover is green.=Please pass me the book the cover of which is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如:A prosperity which / that has never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
定语从句讲解(完整版)
定语从句讲解(完整版)定语从句是一种常见的语法结构，用于对名词或代词进行修饰和限定。
在英语中，定语从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富和准确。
下面，我将为您详细讲解定语从句的构成、用法和注意事项。
一、定语从句的构成定语从句由引导词、关系词和从句组成。
引导词通常是先行词，即被修饰的名词或代词；关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来；从句则是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
1. 引导词：先行词通常是名词或代词，它可以是主语、宾语或表语。
例如：The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）2. 关系词：关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来。
关系词有who、which、that、whom、whose等。
例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）3. 从句：从句是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
从句中通常包含主语、谓语和宾语等成分。
例如：那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）二、定语从句的用法1. 限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句对先行词起到限定作用，即只有满足定语从句条件的名词或代词才是先行词的准确含义。
限定性定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后，且不能用逗号与主句隔开。
例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
高考英语语法之从句讲义：定语从句精讲
高考英语语法之从句讲义：定语从句精讲充当定语的句子叫定语从句。
定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词(the antecedent).定语从句由关系代词: who, whom, which, 关系形容词whose 和关系副词when, where, why引导，关系词除了起连接从句和名词的作用外，还作从句的句子成分。
1.限制性定语从句Who的先行词是人，作定语从句的主语：This is the man who will give us a talk tomorrow.Whom的先行词是人，作定语从句的宾语：This is the man whom I talked about the other day.Which 的先行词是物，作从句的主语和宾语Here is a book which may be helpful in you English study.This is the book which I like best.上述例句都可改用that.Whose是个关系形容词，在从句中作定语。
A teacher is a person whose duty is to teach.When, where, why 分别作从句的时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。
He will never forget the day when the accident took place.This was the room where we studied.Do you know the reason why he was late?2.非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词（许多是专有名词），也可以是整个主句，它对先行词不加限定，只起附加说明作用，如果没有，也不影响句意和语法结构。
非限定性定语从句和先行词书写时有逗号断开。
Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to have a talk with you.She was late again, which was annoying.区分限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句很重要。
英语语法基础: 定语从句详解
语法定语从句Q1: 什么是定语从句？定语从句是由关系词引导的从句，而这类从句在句中作定语，修饰句中的名词或代词的从句，其中被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。
Do you remember the girl who taught us English?关系词：分为关系代词和关系副词。
先行词：被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。
Q2: 区分关系代词和关系副词？关系代词(that, who,whom, whose, which)所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
◆Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who /that在从句中作主语，指人)◆He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.(whom / that在从句中作宾语，指人)◆They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.(whose在句中作定语，指人)◆Please pass me the book whose cover is green. (whose在句中作定语，指物。
还可以同of which互换)◆The package which /that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。
(which / that在句中作carry的宾语，指物）◆Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics who/that are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.◆In ancient China lived an artist whose paintings were almost lifelike.关系副词(when, where, why, that)可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在定语从句中作状语。
英语语法-定语从句精讲
英语语法定语从句精讲在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。
一）关系代词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。
它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。
A．who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
What was the name of the man who lent you the money （定语从句修饰先行词the man B．whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语。
在口语或非正式文体中，whom可省略或可用who来代替，但在介词后面以及在非限制性定语从句中只能用whom。
The people whom/who I work with are all friendly. （定语从句修饰先行词the people）Two men, neither of whom I had ever seen before, came into my office. （介词后不用who）C．whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语，后面要紧跟被修饰的名词。
There are some people whose faces you can nevr forget. （定语从句修饰先行词people）D．which1．指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语。
做宾语时常可省略。
English is a language which is easy to learn. （which在定语从句中作主语，不能省略）The children like cookies (which) my wife makes. (关系代词which作makes的宾语，可省略) 2．which引导的非限制性定语从句可以修饰前面的整个主句，相当于and this。
2024年中考英语语法知识精讲之定语从句讲义
2024年初中英语语法知识精讲之定语从句定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要知识点，也是高考英语语法试题中经常出现的考点。
下面我将为大家归纳一些常见的英语定语从句考点，希望对大家有所帮助。
一、定语从句的定义定语从句是指修饰一个名词或代词的从句，通常由关系代词who、whom、whose、what或关系副词when、where、why引导。
The man who I saw at the party is my friend.(关系代词)The place where I saw her at the party is a beautiful park.(关系副词)The book that I read last week is very interesting.(限制性定语从句)The book, which I read last week, is very interesting.(非限制性定语从句)The woman whom he met at the airport is his wife.(关系代词)The job that I applied for last month was too difficult for me.(限制性定语从句) The job, which I applied for last month, was too difficult for me.(非限制性定语从句)The car that I saw on the street belongs to my neighbor.(关系代词)The car, which I saw on the street, belongs to my neighbor.(非限制性定语从句)二、定语从句的分类限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句用来限定名词或代词的范围，通常不能省略;而非限制性定语从句则可以用来提供更多的信息，通常可以省略。
英语语法精讲-定语从句
英语语法精讲-定语从句一.定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。
2，代替先行词。
3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
二.关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.(2) The school in which he once studied is very famous.(3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.(4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(5) We'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.(6) We'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)(2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)(2) The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F)(3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T)(4) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F)3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.四．关系副词引导的定语从句1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) I don't know the reason why he looks unhappy today.注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.(3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which/where I was born.五．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句举例：(1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.(2) China is a country which has a long history.非限制性定语从句举例：(1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.(2) China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.要注意区分以下几个句子的不同(1) His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college.他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。
高中定语从句语法精讲
The Relative Clause (定语从句)一．定语的概念：用来修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
例如：1. Mr. Smith is a kind man.（形容词作定语）2. Mr. Smith is a man loved by many people.（过去分词作后置定语）3. Mr. Smith is a man who is kind. （从句作定语）4. Mr. Smith is a man who is loved by many people. （从句作定语）二．定语从句的概念：如果用来修饰名词或代词的成分是一句句子（如上述例句3,4），那么该句子就是定语从句，也就是说，定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的。
三．先行词的概念: 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词.四．定语从句的位置：大多数情况下，定语从句都紧跟在被修饰词后面。
五．定语从句的种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句六．限制性定语从句对先行词的修饰是限定性的，缺少了这种修饰，主句的意思就会模糊不清。
七．非限制性定语从句与先行词之间用逗号隔开，其对先行词的修饰只是补充性的，不是必须的，如果去掉非限制性定语从句，主句的意思仍然是通顺完整的。
八．定语从句的引导词有两类：关系代词和关系副词关系代词关系副词九．关系代词用法：1 指代被修饰词，引导定语从句，且在定语从句中充当主要成分（主语,宾语,表语）。
2.3. 若关系代词在从句中作宾语, 关系代词可以省略。
4. 若关系代词在从句中作介词宾语, 通常可以把介词前置(即放在关系代词前),但此时,指人的关系代词只能用WHOM, 指物的关系代词只能用WHICH, 且都不能省略.5. 另外，我们也经常用以下结构来引导定语从句：6. 关系代词WHOSE 可以用来表示所属格关系，它在从句中作定语。
of which 仅可以表示物的所属关系。
7. 以下情况关系代词只能用THAT:(1) 当先行词被最高级, 序数词，the first ,the last修饰时, 关系代词应用THA T.(2) 当先行词被限定词（the only, the same, the very, little, few, no, some，all, every, any）修饰时, 关系代词应用THAT.He is the very person that I want to see.Professor Zhang is the only person that can speak five languages in our school.Mr. Smith is the most interesting man that I have ever seen.There is no difficulty that cannot be overcome.That’s the same man that they asked for help the day before yesterday.You can take any book that interests you best.(3) 先行词本身是不定代词(如all, much, little, few, anything, nothing, everything, something等)时,关系代词应用THAT.There is nothing/little that I do for you.All that can be done has been done.Everything that he told me was not true.(4) 当先行词是并列先行词（即既包括人又包括物）时, 关系代词应用THA T.When they met again ten years later, they talked of persons and things that they remembered in the high school.（5）当主句是以WHO或WHICH开头的特殊疑问句，定语从句的关系代词一般用THA T：Who is the person that is standing at the gate?Which of us that knows something about physics doesn’t know this?(6) 当先行词是WAY时，并且在从句中作状语时，可以用关系代词IN WHICH 或THAT 引导定语从句，或者可以省略。
2023年高中英语语法精讲定语从句的考点归纳
2023年高中英语语法精讲定语从句的考点归纳限制性定语从句与同位语从句的区别关系副词引导限制性定语从句中的关系词有跟他们含义相应的先行词，而引导同位语从句时则没有与他们含义相应的先行词。
如：Sorry, I’ve forgot the day when we met for the first time. 抱歉，我记不起我们第一次见面的日子了。
(定语从句，先行词the day 与when含义相应)I’ve no idea when we met for the first time. 我不知道我们第一次是什么时候见面的。
(同位语从句，idea与when没有任何联系)定语从句与时间语状语从句的区别当定语从句的引导词与时间状语的连接词都是when时，定语从句修饰、限制、说明时间名词，只能放在先行词的后面；而时间状语从句说明动作发生的情况，并且可以放在主句的前面。
如：Do you know the time when the class is over? 你知道下课的时间吗？(定语从句)It was already five o’clock when the class was over. —When the class was over, it was already five o’clock. 当课结束时，已经是五点钟了。
(时间状语从句)定语从句与地点状语从句的区别当定语从句的引导词与地点状语的连接词都是where时，定语从句修饰、限制、说明地点名词；而状语从句说明动作发生的地点，where 没有对应的地点名词或代词。
如：This is the place where we used to live a few years ago. 这就是几年前我们常居住的地方。
(定语从句)Let’s go where we can find a better job. 我们到我们能找到更好工作的地方去吧。
(地点状语从句)定语从句与强调句型的区别定语从句对名词或代词的修饰和限制，关系词可能是that, which, as, who, but, 另一方面，句子中的It有所指；而强调句型是对某部分加强语气，而强调语气的连接词只能是that, who，并且句子中的It 没有任何意义；一般比较明显，而有时就难以区别，还需要根据上下文的语境来判断。
初中英语定语从句语法讲义
初中英语定语从句语法讲义(总4页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--第一章定语从句1. 基本知识精讲在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
用来引导定语从句的词叫关系词（分为关系代词和关系副词）。
定语从句一般放在先行词之后。
如：This is the engineer who will give us a talk on science.先行词关系词定语从句一、由关系代词引导的定语从句英语中的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that 和as。
它们的用法如下：1. who，whom的用法who 和 whom 指人，在从句中分别作主语、宾语。
作动词宾语时常被省掉。
在口语中可用who代替whom。
如：The young worker who invented this tool is her brother.This is the boy (whom) I helped.2. which的用法which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语是在非正式语体中可以省略。
如：The factory which produces these cars is very large.This is the book (which) you want.3. whose 的用法whose指人或物，在从句中作定语，不可省略。
Whose有时可用of which替换。
如：Do you live in the room whose window opens to the west?This is the student whose pronunciation is the best in our class.4. that的用法that既可指人，也可指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。
作宾语时，在非正式语体中常省略。
初中英语句型语法精讲之定语从句分析
初中英语句型语法精讲之定语从句分析什么是限制性定语从句?限制性定语从句用于限定或说明其所修饰的词的范围或性质等。
从句与先行词关系密切，如果省略的话则会造成主句意义不完整。
先行词在定语从句中充当某个语法成份(如充当主语、宾语，定语或状语等)。
非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系松散，只起补充说明的作用。
去除非限制性定语从句对主句的意义影响不大。
非限制性定语从句由逗号隔开，在翻译成中文时，常可译成一个并列句。
引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有 which, who, whom, whose, as; 关系副词有when 和 where。
注意非限制性定语从句不能由关系代词that引导。
1) 由which 引导的非限制性定语从句* Her house, which was built a hundred years ago, stood still in the earthquake. 那座房子在地震中依然耸立，它是一百多年前建造的。
* This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。
* Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, the price of which was very reasonable. 我最近买了一个中国古代的花瓶，价格很合理。
[注] which 有时不代表一个名词，而是代表前面整个句子或句子的一部分。
* The sun heats the earth, which makes it possible for plants to grow. 太阳给予大地热能，这样植物才有可能生长。
* He didn't pass the exam，which disappointed me. 他没通过这次考试，令我很失望2) 由 who 引导的非限制性定语从句* Charlie Chaplin, who died in 1977, is considered one of the greatest and funniest actors in the history of the cinema.查理卓别林,卒于1977年，他被认为是电影史上最伟大最搞笑的演员之一。
初中英语定语从句语法知识讲解
初中英语定语从句语法知识讲解(名师精讲必考语法知识点，值得下载)一、考点解读我们主要复习如下内容：1．先行词与关系词2．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句3．关系代词的用法4．关系副词的用法5．定语从句需注意的事项6．初中阶段学习定语从句的要点二、专题梳理（一）什么是定语从句定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来充当，也可以由一个句子来充当。
充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。
定语从句用来修饰名词、代词或整个主句。
e.g.Tom is a hardworking student who always gets first in his class.汤姆是一个用功的学生，他在班里总是第一名。
（修饰名词student。
）Football is played over 80 countries, which makes it popular.80多个国家都在踢足球，因此足球很流行。
（修饰整个主句Football is played over 80 countries。
）（二）先行词与关系词1．什么是先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
可以这样理解，之所以称它为先行词，是因为先行词总是出现在定语从句之前，而不同于普通形容词修饰名词，形容词常位于名词之前。
e.g.Don’t forget the book that I told you to bring.别忘了我让你带的书。
（the book为先行词。
）2．先行词与关系词的关系：引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。
关系词根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
含有定语从句的句子一般分为两层：即主句层（第一层），定语从句层（第二层）。
特别提示：①关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。
定语从句总在被修饰的先行词后面。
高考英语复习 语法专题精讲精练 定语从句
高考英语复习语法专题精讲精练定语从句（含练习习题及解析）一、that与which,who, whom的用法区别情况用法说明例句①先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much等不定代词时②先行词被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时只用that的情况③先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时④先行词既指人又指物时⑤先行词被the only,the very修饰时①He told me everything that he knows.②All the books that you offered has been given out.③This is the best film that I have ever read.④We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.⑤He is the only man that I want to see.⑥句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重⑥Who is the man that is making a speech?复时①在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代①He has a son,who has gone abroad for只用which, who,whom的情况只用that，in which或不用关系词的情况物，用who/whom指人②在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。
③先行词本身是that时，关系词用which,先行词为those, one,he时多用who。
the way做先行词时further study.②I like the person to whom the teacher istalking.③Those who respect others are usuallyrespected by others.①Mary,there is one way that you couldstop others talking about you andcriticizing you.②I was struck by the beauty of the way inwhich she stood.③What surprised me was not what he saidbut_______he said it.A. the wayB.in the way thatC.in the wayD.the way which二、as与which,that的用法区别从句区别例句限制性定语从句中非限制性He is not such a fool as he looks.名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代Don’t read such books as you can’t 词用as,不能用whichunderstand.as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。
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语时。
*Shandong is no longer the province that it used to be.
2. 只介词时。 *Is this the house in which Shakespeare was born? (2)引导非限制性定语从句时。 *Before people retire, they usually plan to do a lot of great things, which they never had time to do while working.
(3)先行词为that/those时。 *What’s that which was put in the car? (4)which用作定语时。
*He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for
him.
3. the same. . . as与the same. . . that
family spent together in China was 2008.
解题关键: 本题先行词为year, 考生首先会想到when。 但当先行词为时间、地点名词时, 用关系副词还是关系 代词取决于该词在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。本
题定语从句中的谓语动词 spent 为及物动词 , 故从句中
3. why的用法 先行词是表示原因的名词 reason时, 可以用why引导定 语从句, why在定语从句中作原因状语, 可用for which 替代。可以把此时的句子牢记为一个固定句型 , 即The reason why. . . is/was that. . . , 意为“„„的原因 是„„”。 * The reason why/for which he didn’t attend the meeting was that he was ill.
考点2
关系代词who, whom, whose
★★★★★
1. who和whom的用法 (1)先行词为one, ones, anyone, those指代人时或表示人
的名词时。
*The person I want to talk about with you is Tu Youyou,
the one who won the Nobel Prize for medicine in 2015.
2. where的用法 (1) 先行词是“地点名词” , 定语从句可用 where 引导 , where 在从句中作状语 , 也可用“介词 +which” 结构代 替。 *(2013· 天津高考)The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading, and places where you can sit and work with your own computer.
7. 定语从句
考点1
5组易混关系代词的用法辨析
★★★★★
1. 只用that不用which的情况
(1) 先 行 词 是 all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时。 *All that you need to do is focus on one thing.
Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored.
4. (2013· 湖北高考)My deskmate is an eccentric boy whose clothes never fit him. ______
考点3
关系副词when, where, why
is not punctual may
not make a sale if he arrives late for an appointment.
解题关键: 关系词代替先行词salesman在定语从句中作
主语, 所以用关系词 who引导定语从句 , 表示“不能守 时的销售者”。 答案判定: who
provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that
might not be served until 8 o’clock at night. (改错)
that改为which _____________
3. (2015· 全国卷Ⅰ)The city’s “psychology cafes”, which ______ offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. that/which 4. (2015· 全国卷Ⅰ)Trust is a learned behavior __________ we gain from past experiences.
(2)先行词被the only, any, few, no, very等修饰时。 *Australia is the only country that is also a continent. (3)先行词是形容词的最高级或序数词或被形容词最高 级、序数词修饰时。 *This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen.
(4)先行词为人、物并用时。
*Do you know the things and persons that they are
talking about?
(5)主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。
*Which is the bike that you lost?
(6)先行词在主句中作表语, 而关系代词也在从句中作表
(2)在There be结构中, 修饰主语的定语从句宜用关系代 词who指代人。 *There’s a gentleman who wants to see you.
(3) 一个句子中带有两个修饰人的定语从句 , 其中一个
定语从句的关系代词是that, 另一个宜用who以避免重
复。
*The student that was praised at yesterday’s meeting is the monitor who is very modest and works very hard.
缺少宾语, 关系词代替先行词作其宾语。
答案判定: which/that
【高考题组】用适当的关系词填空/改错 that/which 1. (2014· 全国卷Ⅰ)Maybe you have a habit __________
is driving your family crazy.
2. (2013· 全国卷Ⅱ)Having tea in the late afternoon
the same. . . as表示相似或同类的东西; the same. . .
that表示同一人或物
①This is the same book as he lent me last week. 这与他上星期借给我的那本书属于同一类。 ②This is the same book that he lent me last week. 这是他上星期借给我的那本书。
★★★★
1. when的用法 先行词为“时间名词”, 可用when引导定语从句, when
在定语从句中作状语, 也可用“介词+which”结构代替。
*The days are gone when physical strength was all you
needed to make a living.
【点津】关系代词在定语从句中作主语时, 从句谓语动 词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
*Tom is the only one of the engineers who has come up
with the solution.
【典例剖析】用适当的关系词填空
(2015· 陕西高考)A salesman
(4)当关系代词前面有介词时, 只能用whom, whom在定
语从句中作介词的宾语时, 介词可放在后面, 也可提前
构成介词+whom(先行词指人)结构。
*The settlement is home to nearly 1, 000 people, many of who mleft their village homes for a better life in the city.
5. as与which (1)as引导的非限制性定语从句既可以放在主句前, 也可 以放在主句后, 有时还可插入主句中。which引导的非
限制性定语从句通常放在主句之后。
(2)as意为“正如„„”, 后面的谓语动词多用see, know, expect, say, mention, report等; which意为“这一点” 或“这件事”等。
4. such/so. . . as与such/so. . . that such/so. . . as(定语从句)像„„那样; such/so. . . that(状 语从句)如此„„以至于
①This is such an easy question as I can answer.
②This is such an easy question that I can answer it.
【点津】 (1)选择关系代词或关系副词的原则 : 在选择关系词时 , 最重要的是分析定语从句中所缺的成分。若从句中缺
主语、宾语、定语或表语, 必须用关系代词; 若从句中
不缺主语、宾语、定语或表语, 必须用关系副词。
*This is the mountain village that/which I visited last year. (关系词在从句中作宾语) *I will never forget the day when my father returned