广东省中考——英语短文填空解题方法和技巧讲解 (附练习题)(有答案)

2020中考冲刺英语短文填空解题方法和技巧讲解（广东版）
本次课堂主要内容：（一）考点分析（二）真题讲解与解题套路总结（三）模拟冲刺（一）考点分析（广东版）
（二）2019年真题讲解（广东卷）
Last winter holiday, I visited a village with only 11 houses. ___1___ the village was very small, I spent a whole day in it. The village became popular because ___2___ Grandpa Huang's hard work. He bought a house there over 30 years ___3___, but in 2010 the village was to be pulled down. In order to save the old village, Grandpa Huang painted on the walls of ___4___ own house and other houses. He painted things that he liked. In the village, there were many paintings of ___5___, such as cats and birds. The most popular paintings for visitors were of famous people. One of them was a picture of Andy. He is my ___6___ singer. I liked him so much that I asked a visitor to ___7___ a photo of that painting and me. On the ground of the village, Grandpa Huang has painted ___8___ lot of well-known Chinese sayings. From them, Grandpa Huang learned to live a long and happy ___9___. I really had a good time in the village _____10_____ wished to visit it again.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
【文章大意:】去年寒假，“我”参观了一个只有11栋房子的村庄。

由于黄爷爷的辛勤劳动，这个村子变得很受欢迎。

虽然村子很小，但“我”在里面开心地待了一整天。

【答案与解析:】
1．Although/Though考查连词及让步状语从句。

根据前句“这个村子很小”，和后句“我在里面度过了一天的时光”存在让步关系，可知此处要填引导让步关系的although和though。

故答案为Although/Though。

（解题关键：连词-让步状语从句。

判断前后句的关系，需要学生把前半句的very small 和后半句的a whole day 进行比较，从而得出前后句的关系是转折关系。

）
2．of考查介词短语。

短语because of意为“因为，由于”，后接名词(短语)、代词或动名词等。

“Grandpa Huang's hard work”是名词短语。

再根据句意“由于黄爷爷的辛勤劳动，这个村子变得很受欢迎。

”可知此处要填介词，故答案为of。

（解题关键：介词词组。

Grandpa Huang's hard work是一个名词词组，because +从句，because of+短语或名词）
3．ago考查副词。

结合语境可知句意为：在30多年前，黄爷爷在那里买了一所房子。

ago意为“以前，以往”，与一般过去时连用。

故答案为ago。

（解题关键：副词。

结合语境，事情发生在过去，是一般过去时。

可知“30年前黄爷爷买了一个房子”）
4．his考查形容词性物主代词。

根据空格后的“own house and other houses”可推知，此处指黄爷爷他自己的房子，故答案为his。

（解题关键：代词-形容词性物主代词。

结合语境，自己的房子。

可知是黄爷爷他自己的房子）
5．animals考查名词。

根据空格后的“such as cats and birds”可知，此处指很多动物的画。

故答案为animals。

（解题关键：名词。

名词+of+名词……的…..，结合语境，有许多动物的画。

）
6．favorite考查形容词。

根据下一句“I liked him so much that I asked a visitor to…a photo of that painting and me．”可推知，Andy是“我”最喜欢的歌手。

故答案为favorite。

（解题关键：形容词。

形容词修饰名词，结合语境，我最喜欢他）
7．take考查动词短语。

短语take a photo of…意为“给……拍照片”。

再根据句意“给我和那幅画拍一张照片”可知，要用固定短语，故答案为take。

（解题关键：动词。

动词不定式表目的且是个固定搭配take a photo of...）
8．a考查冠词。

根据句意“在村里的地上，黄爷爷画了许多著名的中国谚语”可知，固定短语a lot of 意为“许多、很多”，故答案为a。

（解题关键：冠词。

固定搭配，a lot of许多）
9．life考查名词。

根据上一句可推知，黄爷爷从这些中国谚语中学习去过长寿且幸福的生活。

live a long and happy life意为“过着长寿且幸福的生活”。

故答案为life。

（解题关键：名词。

形容词修饰名词，结合语境，黄爷爷从那些谚语中学会过长寿和幸福的生活）
10．and考查并列连词。

根据前句“我在村里玩得很开心”，和后句“希望能再去一次”存在并列关系可知，要填并列连词and，连接两个并列的谓语动词。

故答案为and。

（解题关键：连词-并列连词。

连接两个并列的动作，我在村庄里真的玩得很开心，同时希望可以再次来参观）
短文填空题型综合能力较强，解题时需要学生掌握必要的
语法知识和阅读技巧，善于分析句子结构，熟悉名词的单复数、形容词和副词的比较等级、主谓一致、动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词的运用等。

解题方法和技巧主要有以下几点：
（一）、跳过空格，了解大意
跳过空格快速阅读，了解全篇的主要大意，切勿看到一个空格就急着填。

每篇文章都有自己的主题思想，段落之间必然承上启下，前呼后应，句与句之间也一定紧密相连，形成一个整体。

通读全文时只需要了解短文的大意即可，某些单词不理解可以跳过，切不可把宝贵的时间浪费在个别字句的推敲上。

（二）、注意文章的首尾句
短文填空题，往往在文章开头和结尾都有一个完整的或半完整的句子作为提示句。

通过提示句，可以确定文章的主题、背景、人物、时间、地点等，提示句常常点明了中心思想，对理解文章有很大的帮助。

（三）、寻找关键词、提示词
上下文找线索及提示。

短文填空的文章都是一个意义相关联的语篇，它围绕一个话题论述，在文中词语重复、替代等现象是不可避免的。

（四）、先易后难
通览全文后，对文章有了整体印象，在此基础上，可以根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，分析这一空格处在句中的地位、前后的关系和它所起的作用，确定最佳答案。

遇到困难，暂放一边，先易后难，这是解题之道。

当遇到难以判断的选项时，不妨先放一边，继续往下做。

最后再回过头来根据上下文联系和思考，推测剩下空格的可能答案。

（五）、联系上下文，综合考虑
综合考虑是指根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则，把上下文的意思、语法功能、词法结构、习惯用法、逻辑推理等常识结构加在一起综合考虑。

注意填的词要符合句意同时也遵循句子中语法规则，即注意词的正确形式。

1.名词：名词单复数（可数名词的变化规律、单复数同形、不规则变化、不可数名词）
2.动词：谓语：时态（变化规律和不规则动词表）和语态（被动语态）
非谓语：动名词、动词不定式、过去分词、现在分词
3.形容词：比较级和最高级、+ed和+ing的区别；做定语（adj.+n.）或表语(be +n.)
4.副词：修饰动词或放句首修饰整个句子；程度副词修饰形容词（或副词）
5.冠词：a/an、the(不定冠词特殊的有哪些）
6.数词：基数词和序数词的区别；其他表达数量多少的词（some;any;much;many......）
7.代词：人称代词、物主代词、不定代词、反身代词、疑问代词
8.连词：转折或并列关系;因果关系；时间状语
9.从句引导词：宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句
10.介词：方位介词、时间介词、介词短语、动词短语搭配
11.【其他：】固定搭配；原词复现；固定句型；语法一致等。

（六）、复读短文，仔细检查
所有空格填词初步完成后，把全文复读一遍，复读时根据语感和对整篇文章的理解，检查全文是否前后贯通，逻辑关系是否合理，句法结构是否恰当，主谓是否一致，词的性、数、格、时态、语态等形式以及搭配是否恰当等。

（三）模拟冲刺（5篇）
(一)
Two years ago, I failed in the college entrance exam. It was a heavy shock to my family and me. They always wanted me to go to a great 1._____ in the south of the country. I was eighteen and my family was poor. They thought that my life could be 2._____ by going to a good college. I was under stress and worried. I stayed at home and didn’t want to see anyone.
One night, I 3._____ that I went to college and was taking 4._____ interesting lesson. All the students were laughing happily. I woke up suddenly and found myself on the bed in my own room. I realized that I couldn’t let myself 5._____. I decided to take the next year’s college entrance exam. It was a difficult year. I studied day and night to get 6.______ for the exam. When the exam came, I found that I wasn’t as nervous as before.
Now I am studying in a good university. I try to pay for the education by doing part-time 7._____. I believe I can 8.______ a better life in the future. Please remember: the best time of your life may still be ahead of you, but it won’t just magically show up. 9.______ you have to create it. It’s in your power to crea te the brightest future 10._____ you want for your life. If you work hard today, you will thank yourself one day.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
(二)
Are you still doing the V for victory(胜利) sign? It’s out. The latest popular hand gesture（手势）is putting both of your hands and put them together to make a heart—shape. It is _ 1_ “hand heart”.
Many young pop _ 2 _ in the US have done the move in rece nt photos. “The‘hand heart’gesture means something between ‘I love you’ _3 ‘thank you’,” said Taylor Swift, the country singer. “You can send a sweet，simple message without __4 a word.”
Swift often does it at her concerts. And she is believed to be the first to make it popular.
Last month, Justin Bieber did the “hand heart” 5 his best friends and put the photos online. They did it to help out three kids whose parents were killed in a car accident. Later on, many people __6 away much money to help the kids.
It used to take much longer for nonverbal（非语言的）culture to move. But now, it moves faster _7__ of the smart phones and the Internet.
In Korea, the “hand heart” has been popular for a long time, but in a different __8 . People there put their hands above their heads and make a bigger heart shape with their arms. It means: “I love you.” This is not only for the couples, _ 9_ also for friends.
Can you do it like them? Let’s do it more often to make our life 10 of love and kindness.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
(三)
Some people think we buy too many things for sale on shoping days or during the festival, (1)________ they have started a special day (2)________ the name of Buy Nothing Day. They don't want anyone to go (3)________ on that day. Buy Nothing Day is after Thanksgiving and it is ofte n the first day of Christmas shopping. At that time, we see ads (4)________ newspapers and on TV tel ling us to “BUY! BUY! BUY！”.
The idea for Buy Nothing Day (5)________ in Canada. Now (6)________ all over the world celebrate Buy Nothing Day. In California, parents and children get together to (7)________ stories, sing songs and draw pictures. The children talk about (8)________ they don't get a lot of toys. In New Mexico, high school students make posters to give people information about Buy Nothing Day. Most people like (9)________ new idea. They decide not to buy anything on that day (10)________ year.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
(四)
One morning, it was already a quarter to eight when I got up. I was afraid that I would be late, __1__ I put on my clothes hurriedly, and left without breakfast.
There were so many people at the bus stop __2__ it was not easy to catch a bus. Five minutes had passed, I still couldn't get on one. The only thing left for __3__ to do was to walk. I rushed through the crowd and ran towards my school. Suddenly I met an old woman, and she __4__ down. Without an apology, I left her and went on my way.
That evening, when I was back __5__ school, I learned that the old woman was badly hurt in the leg from the fall. She was sent to a __6__ after I left. I felt very __7__ and nearly cried. The only way for me to ask her pardon was to pay her a visit.
The next day, I went to the hospital. I __8__ the old woman and told her who I was. At first I thought that she would give me a scolding(责怪). She didn't, but smiled. For me, that smile was __9__ than everything. I began to __10__. She stroked(抚摸) my hand and said with warmth, “Never mind, my girl. I knew you didn't want to hurt me, did you? Don't worry. I will get bett er.”
I was thankful to her, and I promised not to do such a silly thing again.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
(五)
Bats prefer to live in dark and wet places. There are all 1.____ of viruses(病毒). Bats always live in groups 2 .____ the viruses can have larger “playgrounds” to evolve (进化) and become more powerful variants .
Like humans, bats are mammals (哺乳动物). We have similar genes (基因) in some ways, which makes it easier for 3.____ to become infected with the same viruses.
When bats fly, their body temperature can reach as 4.____ as 40°C. This level of temperature can kill weak viruses, but 5.____ ones will still live and continue to evolve. Bats have special immune (免疫的) systems 6.____ allow them to live with viruses and not to get sick. Since they can fly, bats can spread viruses farther and more easily than other animals.
Although wild animals carry many diseases, it doesn’t mean tha t we should regard them7.____ evil. Every species play a role in the ecosystem (生态系统) and all of them are important for a good ecological balance. The 8.____ we should learn from virus outbreaks is to respect and 9.____ animals and to live with them in harmony, instead 10.____ hunting, killing, or eating them.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
【参考答案：】
（一）1.college 2.changed 3.dreamed 4.an 5.down 6.ready 7.jobs 8.live 9.So 10.that
（二）1.called 2. stars 3.and 4. saying 5. with 6. gave 7. because 8. way 9. but 10.full
（三）1.So 2.with 3.shopping 4.in 5.started 6.people 7.read 8.why 9. the 10.every
（四）1.so 2.that 3.me 4.fell 5.from6．hospital7.sorry8.found9.more10.cry
（五）1.kinds 2. so 3. us 4 high 5.strong 6. that/which 7. as 8. lesson 9. protect 10.of。