(完整word)英语长难句结构分析(含2019年高考全国1-3卷试题长难句)
MBA英语阅读翻译长难句结构分析
MBA英语阅读翻译长难句结构分析一、了解句子主要成分:1. 主语、表语、宾语(1) What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real.商人们自认为他们领导了一场生产力革命，这场革命是否确有其事，这一点更加难以确定。
(2）The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend. 问题在于，近年发生的生产力快速增长部分是由于商业周期通常到了这时候就会出现的反弹造成的，因而它不是经济复苏潜在趋势的结论性证据。
(3) Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term.强劲的经济增长势头，随着北半球冬季的到来，有可能在短期内使石油价格涨得更高。
(4) When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.当一场新的艺术运动形成某种时尚时，理应弄清其倡导者的目标所在，因为无论他们的准则在今天看来是多么牵强附会、不可思议，将来都有可能被视为正常的。
高考英语长难句加答案.docx
1.(2020全国II阅读A) Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery.那些观看Abbot Hall’s临时展览的人可能会认为他们在城市画廊里，这是可以原谅的。
2.(2020全国I阅读B) The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.重读的美妙之处在于我们与作品的联系是基于我们目前的心理状态。
3.（2020全国I阅读D）These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.这些植物包括在叶子上打印传感器以显示缺水时情况的植物，以及一种可以检测地下水中有害化学物质的植物。
4.（2019年模拟测试C篇）Filled with air, they will float on the ocean’s surface, and have screens hanging down below forming a huge floating container to catch the plastic rubbish that gathers together when moved by the currents(水流).它们充满空气，漂浮在海面上，下面悬挂着屏风，形成一个巨大的漂浮容器，用来收集聚集在一起的塑料垃圾，在水流的推动下。
2019年高考英语阅读长难句分析[修正版].doc
![2019年高考英语阅读长难句分析[修正版].doc](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/f070e98e28ea81c759f5784a.png)
高考英语阅读长难句分析纵观历年高考英语试题，可以发现阅读文章中出现了许多结构复杂的句子。
不难理解，命题者在句子难度上大做文章，无非是想通过增加句子长度和使用复杂结构来打断和干扰考生正常的阅读习惯和思维方式，从而达到考查考生综合阅读能力的目的。
下面我们来了解长难句最常见的形式。
1、带有较多成分的简单句。
如：，the toothpaste marketer，Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazinesfor instance，must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women magazines to be used.例如，决定选择家庭电视节目和妇女杂志后，牙膏经销商还必须挑选出要用的确切的电视节目和电视台，以及那些具体的妇女杂志。
在这个有30多个词的简单句中，______________短语用作时间状语，不定式to be used 修饰的不仅是_______________，而且还修饰__________________________. exact television 同时修饰______________和______________两个词，这在翻译中可以看出来。
插入语____________把主语和谓语分隔开了。
2、含有多个简单句的并列句。
如：In the 1970s he was a surgeon at Yale，had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children，but he was terribly unhappy.在20世纪70年代，他在耶鲁当外科医生，有位出色的太太和5个漂亮的孩子，但他那时过得却很不开心。
在第二个并列句中，即在had前面省略了_______ ________.Discrimination(歧视) isn’t their only concern；almost everyone testing positive for the gene(基因) develops symptoms(症状) during middle age，and doctors can do Huntington’snothing to help.担心受到歧视并不是他们唯一的忧虑，几乎所有遗传性亨廷顿病基因检测呈阳性的人在中年时症状都会显现出来，而医生对此却无能为力。
这样分析英语长难句分析
这样分析英语长难句分析，瞬间豁然开朗！一、为什么英语会存在长难句？这时同学们会思考，汉语为什么不存在读起来就让人不理解的句子？这要从英语的基本句型开始。
1名词惹的祸有名词就会存在修饰成分。
名词后可能是of 短语、介词短语、形容词短语、分词、不定式或从句，不管其后是哪种成分，一般情况下，名词后面有一堆东西，这一堆东西一定是修饰或解释这个名词的。
我们最常用的句型就是主谓宾结构。
比如说I love you. 这句话每个人都能读懂，巨简单无比。
首先，英语中只要存在名词，就会存在修饰名词或解释名词的东西。
所以，I 后面可能跟有这些成分，比如Lilei，这个东西也是名词，名词后面还可能有修饰或限定成分，比如who comes from chongqing university. 这个句子中最后一个成分还是名词，又可能存在着修饰限定成分，于是可能来对chongqing university 做解释，which is the most important universities in china… 这时同学们应该已经可以自己推出来了，china后面还可能有修饰限定成分。
同样的道理，you 后面也可以跟修饰限定成分。
这样，一个所谓的长难句就诞生了。
I, Lilei, who comes from chongqing university, which is the most important universities in china, who is my motherland, love you, who can make everybody stop to look at you in the street in which there ar e so many people who …在这个句子当中，你还能找出I love you 吗？所以有了名词的存在，就有了这么复杂的限定成分。
2动词惹的祸说到动词，首先要明白动词能做什么成分？动词只能做谓语，谓语只能是动词，并且一个句子中谓语不能多，只能有一个，所以我们需要把不做谓语的动词变成不是动词，如何把一个动词变成不是动词呢？三种变法：A、变成to do（不定式）；B、变成v-ing（现在分词）；C、变成done（过去分词）。
英语长难句结构分析
英语长难句结构分析(含2019年高考全国1-3卷长难句)英语中句子最基本的句式只有五种，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式转换而来。
五种基本句式如下：1主语＋谓语(不及物动词)2主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语3主语＋系动词＋表语4主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语5主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语此外还有特殊句式如there be-, 强调句，倒装句等。
但是在真实的语言环境中，句子结构远非这么简单。
复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂介词短语，还有各种复杂的定语和状语等修饰成分让句子变得异常复杂。
高考阅读理解、完型填空和语法填空经常出现结构复杂的长难句，影响考生对语篇文段的理解。
另外，新高考将包括两个写作题：读后续写(概要写作)和应用文写作。
在评分标准中把“尽力使用较复杂语法结构”视为是否得高分的标准之一。
因此，学会分析长难句显得格外重要。
一个句子之所以成为长难句，就是因为句子各部分成分和结构复杂，具体说就是句中出现了复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂修饰语(介词短语、非谓语动词、定语和状语)以及各种从句等。
下面分类解析：一、复杂主语包括下列情形：含有连词如and, both...and..., either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but (also), as well as；非谓语动词做主语；主语从句充当主语；同位语结构做主语等。
如：Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school,are “most likely to engage(从事) in dangerous and risky be havior.”(2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解D) (as well as 连接those who...与those least liked ...做主语)The gunners like to describe what they do as character-building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony(痛苦) of dying can make nobody happy. (动词不定式to do结构做主语)Connecting to the community（社区）as you freely give your time, money, skills, or servicesprovides a real joy. (2019高考全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B) (-ing形式做主语)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. (2018全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解D) (-ing形式做主语)What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. (2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解B) (主语从句充当主语)Shackleton,a onetime British merchant-navy officer who?had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908,?started?a business...(2016全国甲卷阅读理解D) (同位语结构做主语)二、主谓之间被介词短语、定语从句或非谓语动词分隔Mr. Robbins, together with his wife and children, is leaving London for Paris.Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic,was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解D)According to the report's key findings, “the proportion(比例) who say they ‘never’ or ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”(2018全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)三、复杂表语包括非谓语动词、表语从句等。
【高考英语】2019最新整理-高考真题中的长难句练习(word文档含解析)
【高考英语】2019最新整理-高考真题中的长难句练习（word文档含解析）英语高考试卷中，阅读占到了全卷分数的半壁江山。
把阅读做好了，在考试时就会得心应手。
阅读文章除了要有扎实的词汇基本功外，阅读长难句的能力也是至关重要的，刻意练习才能有效提高。
长难句破解策略抓核心，找主干，化繁为简，从长难到短易。
2017-2018全国一二三卷长难句练习自己先独立分析，完成后向下浏览，查看维克多英语独家解析请先分析句子的结构，即找出句子的主干，分析修饰成分或从句，然后准确理解句子的意义。
2017-2018全国一二三卷长难句练习答题要求：1. 画出句子主干2. 找出关联词，判断从句类型3. 弄清主句和从句的附属成分4. 翻译句子20182018全国一卷A1. Reserve your spot before availability — and the cherry blossoms — disappear!分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________2. Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort.looking to ...作newcomers and locals的后置定语。
分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________B3. In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________C4. … and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________5. The median number of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________D6. We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________7. According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________8. …, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.翻译：__________________________________________________________________________9. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________阅读七选五10. … color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________11. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________2018全国二卷A12. Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park, staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________B13. Out com es a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________14. When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________C15. According to the report’s key findings, “the proportion who say they ‘never’ or ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________16. The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：__________________________________________________________________________D17. Dismissing small talk as unimpor tant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation.。
2019年高考英语全国1卷试卷详细分析
2019年高考英语全国I卷真题解析整体来说，2019年高考英语全国Ⅰ卷试题没有偏难怪题，话题充满时代感，词汇量有提升，符合英语学习重视词汇量、增加阅读量的趋势，以及英语命题注重基础性、综合性、应用性和创新性的规律。
今年试题的主要特点可以用“稳中有变”四个字来概括，只有在必备知识、关键能力、学科素养和核心价值四个方面都做好充分的准备，才能真正地考好英语。
具体来看，2019年高考英语全国Ⅰ卷的命题有以下特点：一、选材上，围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题全面考查英语综合运用能力。
话题“环境保护”和“健康的生活方式”最为突出，如：保护海鸟（听力Text 10），乞力马扎罗山垃圾污染问题（完形填空），北极熊现状（语法填空）；锻炼身体的益处（听力Text 9），受欢迎程度与心理健康（D篇），呼吸新鲜空气（阅读七选五），喜欢足球运动（短文改错）等。
还有暑期工作介绍、向伦敦美术馆写申请信当志愿者且介绍中国画等，体现了英语的应用性、实效性与文化交流性。
总的来说，今年试卷的选材依旧贴近学生生活，符合英语作为一门语言讲究实际应用的特点。
二、难度上，和去年相比有一定的提升。
一方面，阅读文章词汇量明显提升，一词多义、熟词生义、构词法、词块比比皆是，尤其是阅读理解D篇，涉及心理学等背景知识，有很多学术词汇和长难句。
另一方面，完形填空相对较难，不同于以往的记叙文，文章融入了环保的主题，增加了对文章理解以及对作者态度把握的难度。
在文章和选项中还出现了较多的低频词，比如skeptical, advocate, artificial等。
三、知识考查上，强调基础性、综合性和应用性。
语法填空和短文改错涉及的考点与往年一致，都侧重于基本用法，没有偏难怪题。
第二部分阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
ANeed a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible (符合条件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities (社区).Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities (机会)Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.21. What is special about Summer Company?A. It requires no training before employment.B. It provides awards for running new businesses.C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.D. It offers more summer job opportunities.22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A. 15-18.B. 15-24.C. 15-29.D. 16-17.23. Which program favors the disabled?A. Jobs for Youth.B. Summer Company.C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D. Summer Employment Opportunities.答案与解析21. B 事实细节题根据第五段Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses. 可知，Summer Company 为创业者提供奖金。
(完整版)英语长难句结构分析(含2019年高考全国1-3卷试题长难句)
英语长难句结构分析(含2019年高考全国1-3卷长难句)英语中句子最基本的句式只有五种，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式转换而来。
五种基本句式如下：1主语＋谓语(不及物动词)2主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语3主语＋系动词＋表语4主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语5主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语此外还有特殊句式如there be-, 强调句，倒装句等。
但是在真实的语言环境中，句子结构远非这么简单。
复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂介词短语，还有各种复杂的定语和状语等修饰成分让句子变得异常复杂。
高考阅读理解、完型填空和语法填空经常出现结构复杂的长难句，影响考生对语篇文段的理解。
另外，新高考将包括两个写作题：读后续写(概要写作)和应用文写作。
在评分标准中把“尽力使用较复杂语法结构”视为是否得高分的标准之一。
因此，学会分析长难句显得格外重要。
一个句子之所以成为长难句，就是因为句子各部分成分和结构复杂，具体说就是句中出现了复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂修饰语(介词短语、非谓语动词、定语和状语)以及各种从句等。
下面分类解析：1、复杂主语包括下列情形：含有连词如and, both...and..., either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but (also), as well as；非谓语动词做主语；主语从句充当主语；同位语结构做主语等。
如：Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school,are “most likely to engage (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.”(2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解D) (as well as 连接those who...与those least liked ...做主语)The gunners like to describe what they do as character-building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony(痛苦) of dying can make nobody happy. (动词不定式to do结构做主语)Connecting to the community（社区）as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. (2019高考全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B) (-ing形式做主语)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. (2018全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解D) (-ing形式做主语)What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. (2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解B) (主语从句充当主语)Shackleton,a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business...(2016全国甲卷阅读理解D) (同位语结构做主语)2、主谓之间被介词短语、定语从句或非谓语动词分隔Mr. Robbins, together with his wife and children, is leaving London for Paris.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks.( 2016全国丙卷语法填空)Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic,was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解D)According to the report's key findings, “the proportion(比例) who say they ‘never’ or ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”(2018全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)The woman sitting at the desk, seeing my madness,sympathetically jumped up. (2016全国甲卷完形填空)3、复杂表语包括非谓语动词、表语从句等。
高考 英语 长难句分析(四)长难句中的定语现象
高考英语长难句分析（四）长难句中的定语现象在分析高考英语阅读的长难句时，学生往往会被名词前后的修饰语所干扰，而不能快速识别句子主干，甚至会因修饰语而曲解句子的含义。
由此，我们今天一起看看高考英语长难句中的定语现象。
首先，定语是什么？英语中，定语是围绕在中心名词前后，用来描述说明这个中心名词细节情况的单词、短语或者从句等成分，定语使名词更加具体化。
其次，定语的位置在哪里？一般说来，单个单词做定语一般放在中心名词前，称为前置定语；短语和从句做定语一般放在中心名词后，称为后置定语。
在英语中名词的修饰语最常见的有：限定词、形容词或形容词短语、介词短语、动词不定式短语、现在分词、过去分词、定语从句等。
下面，以2019年高考真题阅读中的一些长难句为例，我们一起看看定语的具体表现形式。
例1 With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.（2019课标全国卷1）主干识别：...he seems like the kind.定语现象：介词短语中名词eyes前含有现在分词shining和形容词dark 做前置定语；介词短语中名词kid之后含有 who 引导的限制性定语从句。
参考译文：他有着闪闪发亮的黑眼睛，看起来就像那种喜欢公开演讲的孩子。
例 2 Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience.（2019课标全国卷1）主干识别：Learning English can be a... experience.定语现象：介词短语中名词language前含有限定词a和数词second做前置定语；表语部分名词experience前有形容词painful做前置定语。
参考译文：把英语作为第二语言来学习可能是一种痛苦的经历。
2019 高三语法专题(1)成分分析—长难句分析
句子成分分析（综合运用）目标：依据句子成分，学会分析长难句背景：一些复杂的长难句一方面是制约考生快速理解文意、准确解题的“拦路虎”，另一方面又是彰显考生写作功底的“走秀台”，在某种程度上来说，对长难句的分析与掌握已成为区分考生成绩优劣的“分水岭”。
其实，长难句并不可怕，在正确划分句子成分的基础上，运用一定的“拆分”技巧，化繁为简、化长为短，其意立马显现。
所以，无论是从学语法的角度，还是从英语综合素养的角度，都有必要学会这个方法。
Part 1:知识点详解一、长难句的常见形式1．复合句这些句子往往较长，一个从句套着另一个从句，环环相扣，使得学生搞不清楚整个句子结构。
其实，不管句子有多长、多复杂，它只由两部分构成，即主干和修饰成分。
主干是整个句子的骨架，主要指主谓宾结构(如：I want a ticket.)或主系表结构(如：The man is a teacher.)。
而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用，它既可以是单词，也可以是短语，更常见的则是从句，尤其是定语从句和状语从句。
一般来说，复合句中的从句都是很常见的，学生比较熟悉的，但很多时候不少考生分不清单词、短语和从句之间的相互关系，这样会导致整个句子分析混乱。
这时，学生应通过仔细分析，将每个修饰成分划出来，找出句子的主干，这样整个句子结构就清晰了。
[例1]What Winter knows of the 19 yearold who saved his life is only that he died in a car accident and that his family was willing to honor his wishes and donate his organs for transplantation (移植)．[分析]此句的主语为“What Winter knows of the 19year old who saved his life”，是一个主语从句，其中主语从句里面又包含了一个由who引导的定语从句；is为主干句的系动词，后面的that引导两个并列的表语从句。
英语长难句分析
11. In our new society there is a growing dislike of original, creative men. The manipulated do not understand them; the manipulators fear them. The tidy committee men regard them with horror, knowing that no pigeonholes can be found for them. 解读:主要考虑"tidy"的讽刺语气。 翻译:在现代社会里，人们对开拓型的有创造力的人有一 种与日俱增的厌恶情绪。受人摆布的人不理解他们，摆布别 人的人害怕他们。衣冠楚楚的委员们知道不可能使他们就范， 因此怀着恐惧的心理看待他们。
3. Such inns as there were dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine. 解读:第二个分句中,simply是副词，意为“食物只 有.......”，而accompanied含被动意思，说明人们把陈面包和 乳酪搭配着吃，并不是乳酪自己同面包相配。第二句作者把 谓语省略了。 翻译：那里的小旅店通常又肮脏，跳蚤又多．吃的食物 仅仅是当地产的乳酪加上存放了一年之久的面包，大家只能 就着下等酒把它们吞下去．
7.On the village green, where you pick up sides and no feeling of local patriotism is involved, it is possible to play simply for the fun and exercise. 解读：local patriotism是热爱本乡本土之心， 注意不要理解成地方主义（localism） 翻译：当你在乡村的草坪上比赛时，随意分为 两边，并不存在热不热爱本地区的问题，只有这个 时候才有可能为了娱乐和锻炼而进行比赛。
高考英语长难句分析(含练习及答案)
长难句分析长难句分析“两步法”[Step1:预处理]①找出谓语动词并用下划线标注；谓语动词即所有的非谓语动词，包括主句的谓语和从句的谓语②给“三长”加括号，“三长”包括从句，介词短语，非谓语动词；三大从句：名词性从句：、、、形容词性从句：副词性从句：注意：一旦出现下一修饰成分，就把上一修饰成分结束掉，不管上一修饰成分是否以及结束③给“并列词”加方框，给“并列项”加三角；并列词：and、or、but、as well as并列项：A和B例如：A...and B...注意：因为修饰成分往往出现在被修饰成分的后面，找并列项时先找B后找A，B往往是并列词的右边最近的单词；再通过B去寻找A，因为A和B往往满足“结构相似、含义相近”，通俗来讲就是A和B往往很像[Step2:做直译]对每个括号进行翻译注意：每个括号里的第一个单词都像是一个“挂钩”，可以利用每个挂钩提问和回答问题，将一个个括号连接起来[Step3:调语序]如果没有英翻汉的题型可以不去做这一步长难句分析练习1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century,the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem,and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique（巴黎综合理工学院）.成分简析：2.It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use Internet-connected computers,although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced,the printers start working overtime.That is,the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.成分简析：3.Perhaps the best sign of how computer and Internet use pushes up demand for paper comes from the high-tech industry itself,which sees printing as one of its most promising new market.成分简析：4.The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood, such as agricultural waste.成分简析：5.Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese,these terms（术语）are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers.成分简析：6.Tales from Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the programme and anyone who has a lively interest in their pet,whether it be a cat,dog or snake!成分简析：7.Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who stood at the point in history where magic ended and science began.成分简析：8.But for all the texts that are written,stored and sent electronically,a lot of them are still ending up on paper.成分简析：9.With their shining brown eyes,wagging tails,and unconditional love,dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence,according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA)（盆地治疗动物组织）in Salt Lake City.成分简析：10.Discovered by the Portuguese admiral of the same name in1506,and settled in1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.成分简析：11.They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years,giving them plenty of time to build more than1000huge stone figures,called moat,for which the island is most famous.成分简析：12.Whereas（鉴于）a women’s closet female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage,it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.成分简析：13.We even have different word for some foods,meat in particular,depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked,which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming.while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.成分简析：14.When Americans visit Europe for the first time,they usually find Germany more “Foreign”than France because the German they see on signs and ads seems much more different from English than French does.成分简析：15.The major market force rests in the growing population of white-collar employees,who can afford the new service,in other words,Shanghai’s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due to the increasing number of white-collar employees.成分简析：16.The hot sun had caused the dough to double size and the fermenting yeast（发酵型酵母）made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being from outer space.成分简析：17.After all,what lively children wouldn’t settle for spending only half the day doing ordinary school work,and acting,singing or dancing their way through the other half of the day?成分简析：18.So when Ed arrived for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly notice,I was so surprised that I was speechless,my cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape.成分简析：19.Thirty years after being introduced to McCauley’s words,they still seem to me the best yardstick（准绳）,because they give us a way to measure ourselves rather than others.成分简析：20.But when John and his fellow soldier came in sight some of the people watching couldn’t help laughing at the one who couldn’t keep pace with the others as they march along.成分简析：长难句分析答案First(put forward)(by the French mathematician Pierre de Format)(in the seventeenth century),the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,(including a French woman scientist)(who made a major advance)(in working out the problem),and (who had to dress)(like a man)(in order)(to be able)(to study)(at the Ecole Polytechnique).It is difficult(to measure the quantity)(of paper)(used)(as a result)(of use Internet-connected computers),although just about anyone(who works)(in an office)can tell you(that)(when e-mail is introduced),the printers start working overtime.That is,the growing demand(for paper)(in recent years)is largely due(to the increased use)(of the Internet).Perhaps the best sign(of)(how computer and Internet use pushes up demand)(for paper) comes(from the high-tech industry itself),(which sees printing)(as one)(of its most promising new market).The action group has also found acceptable paper(made)(from materials other)(than wood),such(as agricultural waste).Mostly(borrowed)(from English and Chinese),these terms are often changed(into forms) no longer(understood)(by native speakers).Tales(from Animal Hospital)will delight all fans(of the programme)and anyone(who has a lively interest)(in their pet),(whether it be a cat,dog or snake)!Newton is shown(as a gifted scientist)(with very human weaknesses)(who stood)(at the point)(in history)(where magic ended and science began).But(for all the texts)(that are written,stored and sent electronically),a lot of them are still ending up(on paper).(With their shining brown eyes,wagging tails,and unconditional love),dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners(needed)(for a beginning reader)(to gain confidence),(according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA))(in Salt Lake City).(Discovered)(by the Portuguese admiral)(of the same name)(in1506),and(settled in 1810),the island belongs(to Great Britain)and has a population(of a few hundred).They had no connection with the outside world(for more)(than a thousand years),(giving them plenty)(of time)(to build more)(than1000huge stone figures),(called moat,)(for which the island is most famous).Whereas（鉴于）a women’s closet female friend might be the first(to tell her)(to leave a failing marriage),it wasn’t unusual(to hear)(a man say)(he didn’t know)(his friend’s marriage was)(in serious trouble)until he appeared one night(asking)(if he could sleep) (on the sofa).We even have different word(for some foods,meat)(in particular),(depending)(on) (whether it is still out)(in the fields)or(at home)ready(to be cooked),(which shows the fact)(that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming).while the upper-class Normans were doing most(of the eating).(When Americans visit Europe)(for the first time),they usually find Germany more “Foreign”(than France)(because the German)(they see)(on signs and ads)seems much more different(from English)(than French does).The major market force rests(in the growing population)(of white-collar employees),(who can afford the new service),in other words,Shanghai’s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due(to the increasing number)(of white-collar employees).The hot sun had caused the dough(to double size)and the fermenting yeast made the surface(shake)and(sigh)(as though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being)(from outer space).After all,what lively children wouldn’t settle(for)(spending only half the day)(doing ordinary school work),and(acting,singing or dancing)their way(through the other half) (of the day)?So(when Ed arrived)(for our game)not only(with the bottom)(of his shirt)(gatheredinside his trousers)but also(with a stomach)(you could hardly notice),I was so surprised (that I was speechless),(my cousin must have made an effort)(to get himself)(into shape).Thirty years(after)(being introduced)(to McCauley’s words),they still seem(to me)the best yardstick,(because they give us a way)(to measure ourselves)rather(than others).But(when John and his fellow soldier came)(in sight)some of the people(watching) couldn’t help(laughing)(at the one)(who couldn’t keep pace)(with the others)(as they march along).。
2019年高考英语全国3卷分析
2019年高考英语全国III卷真题解析语篇话题体裁词数难度阅读理解A 人与社会：演出介绍应用文186+68=254 易议论文283+118=401 中阅读理解B 人与社会：中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚的影响说明文297+99=396 中阅读理解C 人与社会：大众报纸的产生阅读理解D 人与自然：一项科学说明文314+114=428 难研究——猴子会算数阅读七选五人与社会：在线课堂说明文201+ 62 =263 中沟通方法第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AOPENINGS AND PREVIEWSAnimals out of paperYolo! Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami (折纸术) artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 12. (West Park Presbyterian Church, 165 W. 86th St. 212-868-4444.)The AudienceHelen Mirren stars in the play by peter Morgan, about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb. 14. (Schoenfeld, 236 W. 45th St. 212-239-6200.)HamiltonLin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton, inwhich the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 17. (Public, 425 Lafayette St. 212-967-7555.)On the Twentieth CenturyKristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green, about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star’s love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs, for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb. 12. (American Airlines Theatre, 227 W. 42nd St. 212-719-1300.)21. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?A. A type of art.B. A teenager’s studio.C. A great teacher.D. A group of animals.22. Who is the director of The Audience?A. Helen Mirren.B. Peter Morgan.C. Dylan Baker.D. Stephen Daldry.23. Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history?A. Animals Out of Paper.B. The Audience.C. Hamilton.D. On the Twentieth Century.百科知识米伦主演的戏剧电影。
2019年全国高考英语长难句解析材料.doc
牛顿被证明是一位很有才华的科学家，他处于一个魔术终结科学开启的历史时 期，
as one of its most promising new market.
（ NMET2003.E篇）
或许，表明电脑及因特网使用促进人们对于纸张的需求的最好迹象源于高科技产 业本身，印刷业被认为是高科技产业极有前景的新市场之一。
简析：夹杂较复杂的句型结构，关键词 promising 有前途的。
years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.
（NMET2003.E
篇）
由于因特网的使用， 计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的， 然而几乎任何在办公室 工作的人能告诉你， 当引进电子邮件后， 打印机就开始超时工作。 也就是说近年 来人们对于纸张的日益需求主要是由于因特网越来越多的使用。
全国高考英语中出现过的 100 个长难句精选（一）
(2009-07-14 01:25:08) 转载 标签： 分类： 学习
给学生的
杂谈
1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the
seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest
mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major
advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in
order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique.
英语长难句分析
▪ [例句] It never occur to him that parts of the day have different meanings in different cultures. (it形式主语，that主语从句放在句尾)
▪
▪ [例句] We all think it our duty to support our parents when necessary.(动 词不定式做宾语后置，it作形式宾语)
▪ 在这个句子中,主句有两个并列的谓语动词
stimulates和trims,而且,trims有两个并列的宾语 pollution control和energy costs, that引导的定语从句修 饰industries一词。
分隔结构
为了调整语气和增加补充信息,更主要的是为了平衡句子结 构,避免头重脚轻,使语义严密,结构紧凑,而将语法关系密切的两 个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来,这就是所谓的分隔结构 (discontinuous structure)。例如出现较多的是插入语、用破折号 插入的新话题或补充信息。此外,还有一些句子成分(一般是定 语)过长而出现后置,也可以看作是插入现象,只不过它只是句子 原有成分位置的调整,没有新增信息。
▪ 9、同位语结构——英文句子中，两个描述或表示同一事物或 内容的语言结构放在同等并列的位置上，后者对前者进行解释 说明叫做前者的同位语。前者叫做后者的本位语。可以作同位 语的结构有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、分词短语、动名词 、介词短语和从句。同位语的出现本身会造成句子的分隔现象 。同位语的后移现象也会造成句子分隔形成长难句。
▪
改变语序主要指倒装句式。这种打破相对固定的常规语
3.分词状语，独立主格结构的干扰
高考英语阅读理解长难句解析
第一部分：高中英语长难句解析在阅读中，我们经常会遇到一些长而难的句子。
长难句通常含有较多、较长的修饰成分、并列成分或从句。
长难句的丰富内容和复杂结构往往会导致理解的困难。
理解长难句的关键是了解长难句的类型，理清句子成分，抓住句子中的关键部分。
纵观历年高考英语试题，可以发现阅读文章中出现了许多结构复杂的句子。
不难理解，命题者在句子难度上大做文章，无非是想通过增加句子长度和使用复杂结构来打断和干扰考生正常的阅读习惯和思维方式，从而达到考查考生综合阅读能力的目的。
下面我们来了解长难句最常见的形式。
一、复合从句这些句子往往较长，一个从句套着另一个从句，环环相扣，使得考生搞不清楚整个句子结构。
其实，不管句子有多长有多复杂，它只由两部分构成，即主干和修饰成分。
主干是整个句子的骨架，主要指主谓宾结构(如: I want a ticket.)或主系表结构(如:The man is a teacher.)。
而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用，它既可以是单词，也可以是短语，更常见的则是从句，尤其是定语从句和状语从句。
这些从句都很常见，考生比较熟悉，但很多时候不少考生分不清单词、短语和从句之间的相互关系，这样会导致整个句子分析混乱。
这时，考生应通过仔细分析，将每个修饰成分划出来，找出句子的主干，这样整个句子结构就清晰了。
二、分隔结构为了调整语气和增加补充信息，更主要的是为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，使语义严密，结构紧凑，可将语法关系密切的两个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来，这就是所谓的分隔结构。
考试中出现较多的是插入语、用破折号插入的新话题或补充信息。
此外，还有一些句子成分（一般是定语）过长而出现后置，也可以看作是插入现象，只不过它只是句子原有成分位置的调整，没有新增信息。
三、成分省略在英语句子中，节约用词是一条重要的修辞原则。
省略主要是为了避免重复，突出关键词并使上下文紧密连接。
成分省略一般和从句相结合，一正一反，使句子富于变化，增强表现力。
英语长难句结构分析(含2019年高考全国1-3卷试题长难句)[1]
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英语长难句结构分析(含2019年高考全国1-3卷长难句）英语中句子最基本的句式只有五种，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式转换而来。
五种基本句式如下:1主语＋谓语(不及物动词）2主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语3主语＋系动词＋表语4主语＋谓语(及物动词）＋间接宾语＋直接宾语5主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾语补足语此外还有特殊句式如there be-, 强调句，倒装句等。
但是在真实的语言环境中,句子结构远非这么简单。
复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂介词短语,还有各种复杂的定语和状语等修饰成分让句子变得异常复杂。
高考阅读理解、完型填空和语法填空经常出现结构复杂的长难句，影响考生对语篇文段的理解。
另外，新高考将包括两个写作题：读后续写（概要写作）和应用文写作.在评分标准中把“尽力使用较复杂语法结构”视为是否得高分的标准之一。
因此,学会分析长难句显得格外重要.一个句子之所以成为长难句，就是因为句子各部分成分和结构复杂,具体说就是句中出现了复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂修饰语（介词短语、非谓语动词、定语和状语）以及各种从句等.下面分类解析：一、复杂主语包括下列情形：含有连词如and, both。
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英语长难句结构分析(含2019年高考全国1-3卷长难句)英语中句子最基本的句式只有五种，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式转换而来。
五种基本句式如下：1主语＋谓语(不及物动词)2主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语3主语＋系动词＋表语4主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语5主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语此外还有特殊句式如there be-, 强调句，倒装句等。
但是在真实的语言环境中，句子结构远非这么简单。
复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂介词短语，还有各种复杂的定语和状语等修饰成分让句子变得异常复杂。
高考阅读理解、完型填空和语法填空经常出现结构复杂的长难句，影响考生对语篇文段的理解。
另外，新高考将包括两个写作题：读后续写(概要写作)和应用文写作。
在评分标准中把“尽力使用较复杂语法结构”视为是否得高分的标准之一。
因此，学会分析长难句显得格外重要。
一个句子之所以成为长难句，就是因为句子各部分成分和结构复杂，具体说就是句中出现了复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂修饰语(介词短语、非谓语动词、定语和状语)以及各种从句等。
下面分类解析：一、复杂主语包括下列情形：含有连词如and, both...and..., either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but (also), as well as；非谓语动词做主语；主语从句充当主语；同位语结构做主语等。
如：Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school,are “most likely to engage(从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.”(2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解D) (as well as 连接those who...与those least liked ...做主语)The gunners like to describe what they do as character-building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony(痛苦) of dying can make nobody happy. (动词不定式to do结构做主语)Connecting to the community（社区）as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. (2019高考全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B) (-ing形式做主语)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. (2018全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解D) (-ing形式做主语)What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. (2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解B) (主语从句充当主语)Shackleton,a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908,started a business...(2016全国甲卷阅读理解D) (同位语结构做主语)二、主谓之间被介词短语、定语从句或非谓语动词分隔Mr. Robbins, together with his wife and children, is leaving London for Paris.Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic,was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解D)According to the report's key findings, “the proportion(比例) who say they ‘never’ or ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”(2018全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)三、复杂表语包括非谓语动词、表语从句等。
One (reason) was that I was amazed at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor. (2019高考全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)(表语从句中还含有一个同位语从句)The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. (2018全国卷Ⅰ阅读C) (表语从句中还含有while并列句)四、复杂宾语包括非谓语动词、(并列)宾语从句(介词后和动词后)等。
Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date--sharing, kindness, openness--carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.(2019全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解D) (宾语从句中含有定语从句)Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.(2017全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解D)(宾语从句中含有-ing形式和定语从句)In order to pass the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on ①how we plan to apply ②what we would learn in class to our future professions and ,eventually, to our lives. (2018全国卷Ⅱ完形填空) (①是介词on所带的宾语从句，②是动词apply所带的宾语从句)Axani wrote in his post ①that he is not looking for anything in return and ②that the woman who uses the extra ticket can choose to either travel with him or take the ticket and travel on her own. (2017全国Ⅲ卷完形填空) (wrote带有2个由that引导的宾语从句，第②个宾语从句含有who引导的定语从句)五、复杂定语包括非谓语动词、形容词短语、介词短语、(多个)定语从句等。
It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. (2017全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解A)(省略了that/which的定语从句)To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets,it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans.(2016全国新课标丙卷阅读理解C) (who引导定语从句)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. (2016全国新课标乙卷语法填空) (when引导的定语从句中含有-ed形式和-ing形式做定语)Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park，staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks.(2018全国卷Ⅱ阅读A) (where引导定语从句)Readers also tended to share articles ①that were exciting or funny,or ②that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety,but not articles ③that left them merely sad.( 2016全国新课标丙卷阅读理解D) (含有三个that引导的定语从句)Also, it is not uncommon any more to find carpenters (木匠)with college degrees and carpenters with a solid knowledge of mathematics,which would enable them to deal with more difficult house designs. (含有两个with介词短语做定语和which引导的定语从句)Now, using teeth and bone pieces taken from the baby’s grave,scientists have compared the DNA from the Unknown Child with those collected from members of five families who lost relatives on the Titanic and never recovered the bodies.(含有两个-ed形式做定语和who引导的定语从句)六、复杂同位语(同位语从句)While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence that they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. (2019全国Ⅰ卷语法填空)The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.(2017全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B)(that 引导同位语从句，同位语从句内部含有although引导的状语从句)We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back ---he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival.(2017年全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B)(that引导同位语从句，同位语从句内部含有if引导的状语从句)七、复杂状语包括介词短语、非谓语动词、(多个)状语从句等。