2018年七宝中学高三下英语月考测试卷

2018年七宝中学高三下英语月考测试卷2018.3满分：150分命题：杜丽华审题：马霄燕第I卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Impatient. B. Confused. C. Sincere. D. Comfortable.2. A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. In a café. D. In a snack bar.3. A. American literature. B. Elementary education.C. Children’s literature.D. Art history.4. A. She will continue her work on vacation.B. Papers piled while she was on vacation.C. She has too much work to do.D. She has made her vacation plans.5. A. The man can only make a local call.B. The man can’t use her telephone.C. The man can call any person in the world.D. The man can be her guest at any time.6. A. Because the working hours were not suitable.B. Because the job was quite difficult.C. Because he had to do a lot of travelling.D. Because the job was not well paid.7. A. Finish checking his reference. B. Complete the research.C. Put the material in order.D. Finish typing the paper.8. A. He’ll ask Steve to go to the beach with them.B. He wants to make sure the weather is clear.C. He doesn’t know if they can have a room.D. He isn’t sure whether there’ll be space for Steve.9. A. Go on a trip. B. Take a long sail. C. Run a restaurant. D. Prepare a meal.10. A. She only read the contents of the book.B. She didn’t omit a single detail.C. She scanned the whole book.D. She read only some chapters of the book.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The U.S. is not one of the happiest countries in the world.B. The U. S experienced a decline in happiness only from 2005 to 2007.C. The U. S. is not included in the top 10 happiest countries.D. The U. S. is among the 47 countries experiencing a decline in happiness.12. A. Greece. B. Burundi. C. Denmark. D. Australia.13. A. Quality education. B. Safety from crime. C. Good health. D. Wealth.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Snowy. B. Cloudy. C. Smoggy. D. Rainy.15. A. Red. B. Orange. C. Yellow. D. Blue.16. A. Snow and rain have already brought an end to the heavy smog.B. Beijing has gone through two red alerts for smog.C. Beijing’s PM2.5 levels became worse in 2015.D. Winter months are the most polluted because of the increased use of cars.Questions 17 and 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. In the woman’s hometown. B. In the man’s hometown.C. Outside their hometown.D. In a small town.18. A. Choose whichever friend can give the best toast.B. Choose whichever friend can plan the reception.C. Choose whichever friend knows all their in-laws.D. Choose whichever friend can plan the rehearsal dinner.19. A. The bride’s family. B. A wedding planner.C. The groom’s family.D. The new couple.20. A. She doesn’t think it is a tradition.B. She thinks it will cost too much to have a wedding planner.C. She thinks her mother-in-law can plan the wedding well.D. She doesn’t want a stranger to plan their wedding.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, used one word that best fits each blank.In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition of each new skill – the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child (21) ________ his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, and a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if (22) ________ (leave) alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, a child loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire (23) ________ (find) out new things for himself.Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters; (24) ________ are severe over time of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed (25) ________ (represent) the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness.As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it (26) ________ next is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that "example is better than precept(训诫)". If they are not sincere and do not practise (27) ________ they preach(说教), their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for (28) ________, and realize they (29) ________ (fool) to some extent.A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents' principles and their morals(30)_______ be a dangerous disappointment.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Write your answers on your answer sheet.For more than three centuries, the American colonies and later, the United States have been a place for many “have-nots” to make the “American Dream” come true for themselves and to become “haves.” And the optimism that people have, knowing that this ____31____ will always happen, has grown out of some key elements in the history of the nation, a nation that has differed pronouncedly from every other country in the world. The economic ____32___ of the nation will also be very much tied to these success stories. Three characteristics have contributed to such attainments.First, the United States had natural resources undreamed of in other parts of the world. For farmers and ranchers there was land, often to be had cheaply or even for free. There were endless forests to supply lumber and rich ____33____ of coal, oil, silver, copper and gold. Besides, critical to the development of these resources was a population of both native-born Americans and immigrants who were connected by their common work ethic. This ethic held that industry andthrift should be ____34____ with ---- as Benjamin Franklin says ---- “a State of Affluence and some Degree of Reputation in the World.” T hese Americans believed in self improvement as well as in the nobility of all kinds of work. They also, if somewhat ___35_____, often linked material success with spiritual movement. Next, by and large, America was characterized by a(n) ____36____ class structure. In contrast to England and other European countries with their history of aristocrats, this country was filled by numerous communities in which family connections or ____37____ money counted for little.However, the pursuit of American Dream sometimes also proved to be a source of tension and strain. At the beginning of the 20th century, writers like Jack London and F. Scott Fitzgerald depicted a lot of “have-not” characters whose fate is not a matter of free will. They are ____38____ by forces beyond their control. Often, in their works, children or young people are victimized b y poverty that prevents them from ____39____ themselves. Convinced that a person’s destiny is the result of his or her heredity interacting with the environment, they employ many _____40____ details to explore the oppressive world in which their characters are trapped. Analyzing characters’ assumptions and values continued to illuminate the American experience.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Many years ago I was on a bicycle trip through some exceedingly picturesque(如画的) countryside. Suddenly, dark clouds piled up overhead and rain began to fall, but ____41____ to relate, several hundred yards ahead of me the sun shone brilliantly. Riding, however, as rapidly as I could, I found it ___42___ to get into the clear. The clouds with their rain kept advancing faster than I could race forward. I continued this unequal contest for an exhausting half hour, before realizing that I could not win my way to the bright area ahead of me.Then it dawned upon me that I was ____43____ my strength in unimportant hurry, while paying no attention whatsoever to the landscape ___44___ which I was making the trip. The storm could not last forever and the discomfort was not unendurable. Indeed, there was much to look at which might ___45___ have escaped me. As I gazed about with sharpened ___46___, I sawcolours and lines and shapes that would have appeared differently under brilliant light. The rain mists (薄雾) which now ___47___ the wooded hills and the fresh clearness of the different greens were entrancing(迷人的). My annoyance at the rain was gone and my eagerness to ___48___ it disappeared. It had provided me with a new view and helped me understand that the ___49___ of beauty and satisfaction may be found close at hand within the ___50___ of one’s own sensibilities.It made me think, then and later, about other matters to which this incident was related. It helped me realize that there is no sense in my ___51___ ever to flee from circumstances andconditions which cannot be avoided but which I might bravely ___52___ and frequently mend and often turn to good account. I know that half the battle is won if I can face trouble with courage, __53__ with spirit, and triumph with humility. It has become ever clearer to me that danger is far from disaster, that defeat may be the forerunner of final ___54___, and that, in the last analysis, all achievement is dangerously weak unless ____55____ enduring principles of moral conduct.41. A. unfamiliar B. strange C. dangerous D. natural42. A. easy B. likely C. impossible D. comfortable43. A. wasting B. gathering C. recovering D. losing44. A. in front of B. regardless of C. for the sake of D. at the convenience of45. A. therefore B. consequently C. accordingly D. otherwise46. A. puzzle B. appreciation C. satisfaction D. shock47. A. crowned B. covered C. swept D. floated48. A. enjoy B. embrace C. surround D. escape49. A. resources B. sources C. causes D. courses50. A. comprehension B. distance C. range D. help51. A. requesting B. waiting C. attempting D. expecting52. A. meet B. avoid C. decline D. change53. A. happiness B. optimism C. disappointment D. surprise54. A. failure B. victory C. relief D. decision55. A. substituted for B. exposed to C. separated from D. based on Section BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AEverybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,”with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满，不平). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counte rparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However,when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation(愤慨), it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.56.In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ________________________.A. making a conclusionB. justifying an assumptionC. making a comparisonD. explaining a phenomenon57.The stateme nt “it is all too monkey” (Last line, Paragraph l) implies that ________________________.A. monkeys are also outraged by slack rivalsB. resenting unfairness is also monkeys’ natureC. monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each otherD. no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions58.Dr.Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys _________________.A. prefer grapes to cucumbersB. can be taught to exchange thingsC. will not be co-operative if feeling cheatedD. are unhappy when separated from others59.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.B. Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.C. Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.D. Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.BI love books that are great to read aloud, side-splittingly funny, hair-raisingly exciting and make me cry. Here are my top four children’s book s.● A book that made me cry:The Lorax by Dr. SeusThe Lorax’s doomed fight to save his beloved Truffula trees from extinction at the hands of the blue-armed capitalist called the Onceler, has that lovely mixture of humour, truth and pathos. “Unless someone like you cares a whole awful lot, nothing is going to get better, it’s not,” says the Onceler, throwing the Very Last Truffula Seed of Them All down to the child who is being told the story.At this point, if you are not in tears, you have a heart of stone.● A book that made me want to be the heroine:Pippi Longstocking by Astrid LindgrenPippi Longstocking was so strong that she could lift a horse above her head. She had independent means, no visible parents, the cheek of several Peter Pans and her very own monkey.I longed to be her.● A book with a fantasy world I am tempted to believe is true:The Sword in the Stone by T.H. White“The best thing for being sad, is to learn something,” says Merlin, the magician who lives life backwards. This is a book about learning to be a hero, and it is funny and wise. The fight between the two knights with armour(盔甲) so heavy that they can barely move still makes me laugh out loud.● A book for your inner and your actual teenager:Holes by Louis SacharStanley Yelnats is a young delinquent who is pointlessly digging holes at Camp Green Lake as punishment for a crime he did not commit. A thrilling story of crime, redemption(救赎) and how the past haunts the present.60. Which book is hair-raisingly exciting?A. The LoraxB. Pippi LongstockingC. The Sword in the StoneD. Holes61. Which of the following is true according to the article?A. The Lorax tells a thrilling story that may scare many children.B. Pippi Longstocking is a hero with special personality traits.C. The Sword in the Stone tells a story about a magician looking for a sword all his life.D. In Holes, Stanley Yelnats is wronged and punished.62. The following adjectives can be used to describe the features of the above four books except __________.A. imaginativeB. exclusiveC. thrillingD. humorousC“Does my smile look big in this?” Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtly adjust your reflection to make you look ─ and hence feel ─ happier, encouraging you to like what you see.That’s the idea behind the Emotion Evoking System developed by Shigeo Yoshida and colleagues at the University of Tokyo in Japan. The system can manipulate, or in other words, control your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face.The princi ple that physiological changes can drive emotional ones ─ that laughter comes before happiness, rather than the other way around ─ is a well-established idea.The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be used to build a computer system that manipulates how you feel. The system works by presenting the user with a web-camera image of his or her face ─ as if they were looking in a mirror. The image is then subtly altered with software, turning the corners of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown (皱眉).Without telling them the aim of the study, the team recruited (招募) 21 volunteers and asked them to sit in front of the screen while performing an unrelated task. When the task was completed，the participants rated how they felt. When the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier. On the other hand, when the image was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy.Yoshida and his colleagues te sted whether manipulating the volunteers’ emotional state would influence their preferences. Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the altered webcam image. The volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked it, and those that saw themselves not smiling were less likely.“The system could be used to manipulate consumers’ impressions of products”, say the researchers. For example, mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections. They also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on.“It’s certainly an interesting area,” says Chris Creed at the Unive rsity of Birmingham, UK. But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a wide range of expressions. “Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring that the reflected image looks bel ievable would be much more challenging,” he says.Of course, there are also important moral questions surrounding such subtly manipulative technology. “You could argue that if it makes people happy, what harm is it doing?” says Creed. “But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated, uncomfortable and cheated if they found out.”63. What’s the main purpose of the Emotion Evoking System?A. To see whether one’s feeling can be unconsciously affected.B. To see whether one’s facial expressions can be altered.C. To see whether laughter comes before happiness.D. To replace the mirrors in future clothing-store fitting rooms.64. What can we learn about the web-camera image in the study?A. It recorded the volunteers’ performance in the task.B. It gave the volunteers a false image.C. It attempted to make the volunteers feel happier.D. It beautified the volunteers’ appearance in the mirror.65. What does Creed mention as a limitation of the technology?A. It only changes the areas around the mouth and the eyes.B. It only works in clothing stores.C. It only makes subtle changes to people’s expressions.D. It only deals with a limited number of facial expressions.66. What does Creed’s comment on the moral issues with this tec hnology imply?A. Nothing is more important than happiness.B. Technology is unable to manipulate people.C. People should make their decisions independently.D. People should neglect the harm of the technology.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A rapidly advancing contemporary science that is highly dependent on new tools is Earth system science. Earth system science involves observation and measurements on the Earth at all scales from the largest to the smallest. The huge amounts of data that are gathered come from many different locations and require special techniques for handling data. Important new tools that facilitate Earth system science include satellite remote sensing, small deep-sea submarines, and geographic information systems.More than any other way of gathering evidence, satellite observations continually remind us that each part of the Earth interacts with and is dependent on all other parts.＿＿67＿＿Satellite remote sensing makes possible observations at large scales, and in many cases, measurements of factors that could not otherwise be measured. For example, the ozone hole over Antarctica —the decrease in the concentration of ozone high in the atmosphere —is measured by remote sensing, as are changes in deserts, forests, and farmlands around the world. _____68_____. Archaeology, for example, has benefited from satellite observations that reveal the traces of ancient trade routes across the Arabian Desert.New tools for exploring previously inaccessible areas of the Earth have also added greatly to our knowledge of the Earth system. _____69_____ There they have discovered new species and ecosystems thriving near deep-sea vents that emit heat and mineral-rich water._____70______Computer-based software programs known as geographic information systems, or GIS, allow a large number of data points to be stored along with their locations. These can be used to produce maps and to compare different sets of information gathered at different times. For example, satellite remote sensing images of a forest can be converted to represent stages in the forest’s growth. Two such images, made at different times can be overlaid and compared, and the changes that have taken place can be represented in a new image.ІV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.External rewards: yes or no'?Some argue that students' interests should emerge organically and genuinely from their own investigations of the world. The educational philosopher John Dewey warned teachers against artificially "making things interesting", and a long line of research has shown that providing "extrinsic", or external, rewards for an activity can weaken students' "intrinsic", or internal, motivation to engage in that activity.But research also shows that, done carefully, the international elicitation (引出) of interest has many positive effects, and does not produce the negative results that educators may fear. Especially for academically unmotivated students, it's of primary importance that the adults in their lives create environments that allow them to find and develop their interests. And parents and educators can promote the development of kids' interests by demonstrating their own passion for particular subjects.Two more thoughts on intrinsic vs. extrinsic motivation: although research has convincingly established the value of intrinsic interest, in the real world most of us are driven by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. High-achieving students learn for learning's sake, but also to get A's; successful business people are driven to create useful products or productive organizations,but also to enjoy financial rewards. There is nothing wrong with this mixing of motives.Second, when intrinsic motivation is entirely absent, there's nothing to weaken with an external incentive. Parents and teachers are sometimes reluctant to offer a reward to a young person for doing something he or she "should" like for its own sake---a monetary bonus for reading a book, for example. But if the kid shows no interest in reading the book in the first place, there's no intrinsic motivation to weaken. And if the student does read the book in order to get the money---and discovers that reading is actually pretty fun---that's a win for everybody.In short, while motivation is more complex than we sometimes assume, there is clearly a role for parents and educators to push young people's interests gently along.第II卷（共40分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.对于你慷慨帮助我摆脱困境，我的感激之情难以言表。