高三英语-2016届高三英语一轮复习《代词的用法》专题导学案

代词的用法
It的用法：
代替前面的事物本身。

它可以代替可数名词，也可以代替不可数名词。

The printer is made in Japan. It was bought last year.
one的用法：
可以代替与前面同类不同一的事物；可以代替某类事物中的任何一个；可以做同位语，重复指代前面的事物，其后有定语从句用以进一步说明前面的名词。

one 只能代替可数名词，其复数形式是ones.
1.Cars made in China are cheap. I want to buy one. 中国生产的汽车很便宜，我想买一辆。

2.The car made in China is cheaper than that made in US. 中国生产的这辆车比美国生产的那辆车便宜。

one如用于表达“确指”概念，应用the、that、this等限定词，即the one，that one，this one等；如要表达“复数”概念，则使用其复数形式ones；如要表达“确指的复数”概念，使用the ones，
如：A fast train is one that goes fast. 快车是一种行驶快的火车。

(one指a fast train）The accident was similar to the one that happened in 2008. 这个事故与发生在2008年的事故类似。

（the one指the accident）
Open the drawer on the left, the one with a key in it. 打开左边的抽屉，上面有钥匙的那个。

（the one指the drawer）Here are six rings. Pick out the ones you like. 这里有六枚戒指，选出你喜欢的。

（the ones指the rings）
that的用法：
代替与前面同类不同一的事物。

它可以代替可数名词，也可以代替不可数名词。

代替可数名词时，复数形式为those。

that可以根据语义在它的后面加上一些定语，多数是of短语；它的前面不能存在任何定语。

例：The climate in the south is different from that in the north.
句意为“南方的气候和北方的气候不同”，that代指上文提到的the climate，但不是the climate in the south，而是the climate in the north，即“代指上文提到的同类事物，但非上文的事物”。

如果代指上文提到的同类的事物的复数概念，则应使用those，
如：1.The car made in China is cheaper than that made in US. 中国生产的这辆车比美国生产的那辆车便宜。

2.The cars made in China are cheaper than those made in US.中国生产的汽车比美国生产的汽车便宜。

四、总结：
it：同一、单数、确指，they：同一、复数、确指；
that：同类、单数、确指，用于比较，those：同类、复数、确指，用于比较；one：同类、单数、泛指，ones：同类、复数、泛指
Correct the mistakes in the following sentences:
1. --- Do you have an English-Chinese dictionary?
--- Yes, I have it.
2. The language used in advertisements differs from one used in ordinary readings.
3. The colour of his jacket is better than mine.
4. --- Does she have a bike?
--- Yes, she has that.
5. --- I saw only one motorcar in that shop. Will you go and buy one?
--- No, I would rather find it in other shops.
Multiple choice：
1.There must be a dozen pens in the house but I can never find ______ when I need _____ .
--- Keep looking. ____ is sure to turn up.
A. one; one; One
B. it; one; It
C. one; it; This
D. a one; one; The one
2.--- Can I help you?
--- I’d like to buy a present for my father’s birthday, ____ at a proper price, but of great use.
A. that
B. one
C. any one
D. the one
3. Maybe it is true that we do not know what we have got until we lose ______ .
A. one
B. that
C. it
D. the one
4. The environment in this faraway town is as pleasant as ________ in the coastal city.
A. one
B. it
C. them
D. that
5. The best job is _______ which uses your skill in doing something together with your interest in the subject.
A. that
B. the one
C. one
D. it
6. --- What do you think of the funiture on exhibition?
--- Well, great! But I don’t think much of ________ you bought.
A. the one
B. it
C. that
D. which
7. A cake made of wheat costs less than ________ made of rice.
A. one
B. that
C. a one
D. the one
8. As they are retired, they prefer to buy a house in the country to spend their late years to _____ in a large city.
A. one
B. that
C. the one
D. it
高考链接：
1. The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from_______ spoken in England.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. the one
2. The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than _______ in the newspaper.
A. it
B. those
C. one
D. that
3. Little joy can equal_______of a surprising ending when you read stories.
A. that
B. those
C. any
D. some
4.—There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow_______? —No，I’d rather buy_______in the bookstore.
A. it; one
B. one; one
C. one; it
D. it; it
Keys: 1 it--- one 2 one --- that 3 mine--- that of mine 4 5 one--- it Keys: 1 --- 8 ABCDCCAA。