嘉义市社区大学
国立嘉义大学九十六学年度第二学期「休闲教育与辅导」教学大纲
國立嘉義大學九十六學年度第二學期「休閒教育與輔導」教學大綱課程代號: 0962 Y6400025 修別:選修學分:2授課教師:房兆虎課程名稱:休閒教育與輔導上課班級:大學部輔導諮商系一年級甲班上課時間:星期二1~2 上課教室:未設定(民雄校區)教學目標:1. 建立正確的休閒價值觀、休閒態度與培養休閒嗜好與技能。
世界休閒協會(World Leisure Association)所頒布的「休閒憲章(Charter for Leisure)」(2000年)提到:一、所有的人都有休閒基本人權;二、政府應確保人民容易獲得最高品質的休閒與遊憩機會……而如何落實提供大眾「休閒權」,是目前政府與民間所應關注的課題。
雖然國內已掀起一片休閒熱,但因「休閒能力」不足,也導致個人或社會產生諸多問題。
值得關注的議題包括:休閒是否需要教育?休閒的目標、成效又是如何?在學校體制與非教育機構如何實施?休閒治療方案如何介入個案之輔導歷程?特殊個案之休閒訓練模式2. 肯定「休閒」對提升生活品質的重要性。
首先要改變「休閒」觀念,從過去負面的評價,如「怠惰」、「閒散」或「不事生產」,轉變為「提升生產力」或「紓解身心壓力」等正向評價,進而肯定「休閒使生命更豐碩」的觀點,故休閒領域得以拓展。
如休閒農業、休閒漁業、休閒服、休閒鞋、休閒食品、休閒屋、休旅車、休閒廣場、休閒週報……可見,休閒已不再是有錢人的專利,而是每個人的生活「主流價值」之一。
3. 了解「休閒治療」(Therapy Recreation)領域,以增進輔導專業能力,拓展輔導專業生涯。
參閱Dolphin therapy: recreation or medicine?Recreational Therapy: An Integral Aspect of ComprehensiveHealthcare.U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics RecreationalTherapists.一、教學與評量:(一)教學方式:1.引言與討論2.輔導與諮商選文導讀3.專題寫作與報告(二)評量:1.課堂參與15%2.專題寫作並展示成果報告35%(1)分組專題報告(依指定專題,以組為單位,完成專題)(2)個人專題寫作3.期中考25%4.期末考25%二、課程進度與大綱週次日期內容主題參閱書籍與資料(一)2月19日課程簡介、文選導讀(Dolphin therapy: recreation ormedicine?)(二)2月26日文選導讀U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor StatisticsRecreational Therapists(三)3月4日文選導讀(Recreational Therapy: An Integral Aspect ofComprehensive Healthcare)(四)3月11日幸福人生與休閒、休閒與工作(五)3月18日休閒與我、休閒與人際社會(六)3月25日身心發展與休閒(七)4月1日人生=業餘愛好+工作(八)4月8日複習(九)4月15日期中考(十)4月22日五花八門的業餘愛好(十一)4月29日如何培養愛好(十二)5月6日休閒與休憩資源(十三)5月13日生態旅遊與休閒(十四)5月20日探索教育與休閒(十五)5月27日專題報告與分享(十六)6月3日專題報告與分享(十七)6月10日專題報告與分享(十八)6月17日期末考四、教材與參考資料(一)涂淑芳譯Cene Bammel & Lei Burrus-Bammel 著休閒與人類行為桂冠(二)休閒社會學Sociology of leisure 李力昌偉華出版, 臺北: 2005[民94] (三)休閒社會學史托柯夫斯基吳英偉陳慧玲五南, 台北民85(四)休閒活動設計規劃The process of leisure programming 吳松齡揚智文化, 2006[民95](五)休閒研究: 休閒觀與休閒專論葉智魁品度,2006[民95](六)休閒活動對在學青少年行為之影響及輔導策略之研究嚴祖弘賴志超黃世明行政院青年輔導委員會: 正中經銷, 民90(七)休閒教育訓練手冊貝克-福特布朗顏妙桂: 帅獅,2004[民93](八)治療式遊憩導論David R. Austin Michael E. Crawford原著陳俊忠、姜義村、林春鳳、杒淑芬、劉以德、張心怡、何立安等譯品度股份有限公司五、分組專題報告的主題方向(一)國小階段少年的休閒活動與休閒輔導及休閒輔導方案設計(二)國中階段青少年的休閒活動與休閒輔導及休閒輔導方案設計(三)高中階段青少年的休閒活動與休閒輔導及休閒輔導方案設計(四)大專學生的休閒活動與休閒輔導及休閒輔導方案設計(五)身心障礙者休閒教育與輔導方案設計(六)高齡者休閒運動保健、休閒輔導方案設計(七)休閒農業與休閒農場在休閒治療上的應用與設計(八)才藝與技能在休閒輔導上的應用與設計(九)主題旅遊在休閒輔導上的應用與設計六、個人專題研究與寫作(一)自訂題目(須與休閒教育與輔導有關聯)(二)以閱讀專書、研究報告作為寫專題心得之體裁、或自編問卷調查寫歷程與研究結果為內容(三)寫作格式要符合論文格式(參閱國內論文發表的格式)七、網路資源(一)救國團探索教育中心.tw/se/Documents/HTM/Fellowship.htm(二)台灣生態旅遊網.tw/d1.htm(三)International Dolphin watch helps Dolphins and people/index.html八、文選導讀:Dolphin therapy: recreation or medicine?March 28, 1998Web posted at: 6:27 p.m. EST (2327 GMT)MIAMI (CNN) -- An 8-year old British boy trapped in a world of silence since birth recently uttered his first word after an intense, three-day therapy session with dolphins, his physician says.Doctors at the Human Dolphin Therapy Center in Miami believe the highly intelligent creatures have the extraordinary ability to help treat children with autism, Down syndrome and other neurological and movement disorders.Dr. David Nathanson, director of the center, considers Nikki Brice one of the successes."I said, ... 'All right, Nick, do you want to get in the water?' And he shook his head yes and put his foot from the dock into the water, and took his foot back.CNN's Porter Andersonreports"And I said, 'No, Nick, you have to say in,' and he looked at me and he said 'in.' "I said,'Let's hear it a little clearer, please.'"And I put my hands to his face like this, and he said 'in.'While the therapy has attracted supporters, many scientists remain skeptical.Mother says son has been helpedBriton Billy Bayles, who has communication and learning difficulties triggered by a chromosome abnormality, also is a patient at the center, but he has yet to speak.With the help of donation s from their hometown of Southampton, his parents raised $10,000 to bring the 8-year-old to the center.He spends 40 minutes every day undergoing speech and communication therapy, a large part of which is interacting with the dolphins. The goal is to let them encourage and stimulate Billy so he can focus on learning to speak.Billy's mother already has noticed an improvement."He's trying to do more signs, because we do a lot of sign language with him so that we can give him another alternative way of communicating with us. And he's actually done a couple of signs which he's not done before," Andrea Bayles said.How does the process work?Some medical professionals admit that dolphins can have a therapeutic effect on people suffering from depression and learning difficulties. But doctors are baffled as to how the process works.One theory is that dolphins use their unique sonar ability to identify neurological disorders in people, then help them relax and open up to learning and healing."These kids gain a tremendous sense of confidence because they've actually, measurably, quantifiably improved," Nathanson said.(187 K / 17 sec. AIFF or WAV sound)But many scientists argue that the children just like the feel of the dolphins, and it is no more than a recreational pastime.And they note that there are no comprehensive studies on dolphin therapy to prove it really works.Doctors at the dolphin therapy center claim they have helped more than 1,000 children overcome learning disorders, and say that represents a 97 percent success rate.Recreational Therapy:An Integral Aspect ofComprehensive HealthcareThe American Therapeutic Recreation Association, the largest national organization representing recreational therapy professionals, has prepared this statement to facilitate the understanding of the critical role recreational therapists play in comprehensive healthcare and to facilitate the recognition of thecost-effective nature of utilizing recreational therapy services to ensure the total rehabilitation and quality of life for persons with disabilitiesWhat is recreational therapy?Recreational therapy, also referred to as therapeutic recreation, is defined by the United States Department of Labor as a profession of specialists who utilize activities as a form of treatment for persons who are physically, mentally or emotionally disabled (Paraphrased, Occupational Outlook Handbook, U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, April 1991). Differing from diversional or recreation services, recreational therapy utilizes various activities as a form of active treatment to promote the independent physical, cognitive, emotional and social functioning of persons disabled as a result of trauma or disease, by enhancing current skills and facilitating the establishment of new skills for daily living and community functioning.Who delivers recreational therapy services?Recreational therapy services are delivered by qualified professionals with training and education in therapeutic recreation/recreational therapy service delivery and professionally certified by the National Council for Therapeutic Recreation Certification (NCTRC).The professional certification designation is Certified Therapeutic Recreation Specialist (CTRS). The credential requires a bachelor's degree or higher from an accredited institution of higher education in the area of therapeutic recreation (recreational therapy), an approved internship under the supervision of a professionally credentialed CTRS, and the passing of a national certification examination administered for the NCTRC by the Educational Testing ServiceWhat is the projected demand for recreational therapy?According to the United States Department of Labor's 1994 Occupational Outlook Handbook, "Employment of recreational therapists is expected to grow faster than the average for all occupations through the year 2005, because of the anticipated expansion in long-term care, physical and psychiatric rehabilitation, and services for the disabled." There are over 30,000 employment positions in the United States and the growth rate is projected at 40% through the year 2005. It is important to note that employment is available in a wide variety of settings, working with individuals with varying types of disabilities and illnesses.Where are recreational therapy services delivered?Recreational therapy services are delivered in a variety of settings depending on the needs of the consumer. Settings in which services are traditionally delivered include freestanding rehabilitation hospitals, rehabilitation units in general hospitals,long-term care, subacute care, or skilled nursing facilities, substance abuse rehabilitation facilities, home healthcare services, and residential facilities for persons with disabilities.What are the benefits of recreational therapy services?Research indicates that recreational therapy services, provided by qualifiedprofessionals, offer a diversity of rehabilitation benefits addressing the needs of individuals with a range of disabling conditions. A recent conference, sponsored by Temple University and funded through the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR), evaluated the efficacy of therapeutic recreation services as a treatment modality on rehabilitation outcomes. Research has demonstrated the value of recreational therapy services for individuals with a range of diagnoses.Recreational therapy is a component of comprehensive rehabilitation. Such comprehensive rehabilitation services have proven to be cost-effective. A survey conducted by the Health Insurance Association of America indicated a savings of $11 for every $1 spent on rehabilitation. In addition, other studies have indicated that quality comprehensive rehabilitation services reduce long-term hospitalization and nursing home stays for stroke patients and thus save the American economy $17,000 per year per patient. Recreational therapy services play a significant role in comprehensive efficient healthcare systems.∙Recreational therapy services are an effective means for improving the functioning, independence, and quality of life of persons with illness ordisability. The provision of recreational therapy services, in concert withrelated disciplines such as occupational therapy, physical therapy andspeech therapy, offer the client or patient comprehensive rehabilitationservices. The proper mix of services and the therapist-client relationshipproves to be of maximum benefit to the consumer.∙Well managed and cost effective services are an investment in human potential. Recreational therapy services utilize both individual and smallgroup intervention strategies, therefore, staff/patient ratios arecost-effective. More patient treatment hours per therapist can be generated through the use of such small group interventions. Furthermore, recreational therapy services for older Americans are equally cost-effective. Recreational therapists play a significant role in assisting older adults to maintain current skills and re-establish previous levels of functioning in the least restrictiveenvironment possible. Recreational therapists work in concert with andprovide complement to other treatment modalities.∙Recreational therapy plays a primary role in enhancing the quality of life and productivity of the consumer. Enjoyable activities and social relations aresignificant in promoting he quality of life and productivity of the individualwith a disability. Recreational therapists offer individuals with disabilities the opportunity to resume normal life activities and to establish/re-establishskills for successful social integration. In addition, the therapist will employ treatment modalities which promote physical skill development, enhancefeelings of well-being, foster successful experiences, facilitate continuedinvolvement in the rehabilitation process, and establish new life activities for continued growth.Utilization of Recreation Therapy Services as a Standard Service in Managed Healthcare SystemsRecreational therapy as a member of the core rehabilitation treatment teamRecreational therapy is listed as one of the physical rehabilitation services in the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) standards. Recreational therapists are standard treatment team members in psychiatric rehabilitation, substance abuse treatment, and physical rehabilitation services. In addition, recreational therapists are designated as members of the comprehensive core treatment team in the acute brain injury, the post-acute brain injury, and the inpatient rehabilitation standards of the Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities (CARF) Since the 1940's, recreational therapists have served as active members of the interdisciplinary treatment team addressing the psychosocial and physical rehabilitation needs of the consumer. Recreational therapy will certainly have an active role in a managed care and managed competition system with emphasis on providing opportunities for meeting rehabilitation goals, accessing life skills and opportunities, and providing quality services in the most cost-efficient manner. These functions must be performed on an on-going basis in concert with other allied health fields such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy and audiology. Although some overlap occurs between all disciplines in area such as activities of daily living, vocational and avocational adjustment, and application of motor performance skills in the natural environment, the disciplines mutually complement each other in the rehabilitation environment. For instance, each discipline may work on the development of physical skills and activities of daily living. Much of the responsibility for community adjustment and integration efforts in the rehabilitation setting, however, has become the charge of the recreational therapist. In addition, recreational therapists assist the consumer in developing or re-developing social skills, discretionary time skills, decision making skills, coping abilities, self-advocacy, discharge planning for re-integration, and skills to enhance general quality of life. As with each allied health discipline, treatment goals are based upon individual needs. The ability to meet thephysical and psychosocial needs of the person affected by a disability is critical to the pursuit of independent productivity in vocational and avocational endeavors.Recommendations in Healthcare AllocationsThe American Therapeutic Recreation Association is in support of a healthcare allocations package which ensures coverage for all Americans. This package should include cooperative efforts between public and private health insurance programs. The healthcare package should also include standard coverage of a range of rehabilitative services including recreational therapy services. Current practices restrict the range of rehabilitation services that are identified as standard reimbursable services under Part A of the Medicare and Medicaid Guidelines (e.g. physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy and respiratory care.) Through inclusion and utilization of recreational therapy services under Part A and Part B of the Medicare and Medicaid Guidelines, the healthcare provider will have access to additional options to meet the treatment needs of the consumer. The availability of a broader base of outcome oriented therapies and the application of a proper combination of therapeutic modalities will offer several dramatic benefits:∙ The specific needs of the consumer can be better met with the greater availability of disciplines.∙Proper mixes of therapies in a managed care and managed competition system offers a more cost-effective means to meet consumer needs.∙This approach responds in the most effective and efficient manner to the critical shortage of healthcare practitioners by expanding the pool ofavailable professionals.The utilization of recreational therapy offers an opportunity for accessing these treatment options to meet the "personal assistance services" of the healthcare consumer. This approach would provide expanded options and service mixes which will prove more cost-effective. For instance: At the current time, if an individual is receiving rehabilitation services for a cerebral vascular accident (stroke), the individual will likely be involved in 1:1 (one on one) physical therapy services to improve range of motion. Should there be an option of inclusion of recreational therapy services (frequently prescribed in group format), the person could receive 60% physical therapy 1:1 services and 40% recreational therapy services in aquatic therapy groups. The result is a mix that is in the best interest of the consumer and will prove to be more cost-effectiveConclusionIn conclusion, the American Therapeutic Recreation Association is in support of cost-effective healthcare opportunities for all citizens. The growing need to ensure basic services to all of America's citizens is evident. The number of Americans requiring health and rehabilitation services continues to increase due to an aging population, disabling conditions, improved treatment services, and greater survival rates. The need to access a broad range of services, therefore is crucial. The intent should be the utilization of effective treatment options as standard services within a healthcare program. Recreational therapy should be included as a viable option to meet the needs of consumers with disabilities. Ultimately, the availability of managed healthcare options which respond to the unique treatment needs of individuals with disabilities will prove cost-effective. Inclusion of a comprehensive system that responds to individual healthcare consumer needs will reduce the length of hospital stay, reduce hospital recidivism, and maximize on the productivity of the individual. Recreational therapy has been and should continue to be included as an effective treatment discipline in the provision of quality, cost-effective healthcare services.U.S. Department of LaborBureau of Labor StatisticsRecreational TherapistsNature of the WorkWorking ConditionsTraining, Other Qualifications, and AdvancementEmploymentJob OutlookEarningsRelated OccupationsSignificant PointsOverall employment of recreational therapists is expected to grow more slowly than the average for all occupations, but employment of therapists who work in community care facilities for the elderly and in residential mentalretardation, mental health, and substance abuse facilities should grow faster than the average.Opportunities should be best for persons with a bachelor degree in therapeutic recreation, or in recreation with a concentration in therapeuticrecreation.Recreational therapists should be comfortable working with persons who are ill or who have disabilities.NATURE OF THE WORKRecreational therapists, also referred to as therapeutic recreation specialists, provide treatment services and recreation activities to individuals with disabilities or illnesses. Using a variety of techniques, including arts and crafts, animals, sports, games, dance and movement, drama, music, and community outings, therapists treat and maintain the physical, mental, and emotional well-being of their clients. Therapists help individuals reduce depression, stress, and anxiety; recover basic motor functioning and reasoning abilities; build confidence; and socialize effectively so that they can enjoy greater independence, as well as reduce or eliminate the effects of their illness or disability. In addition, therapists help integrate people with disabilities into the community by teaching them how to use community resources and recreational activities. Recreational therapists should not be confused with recreation workers, who organize recreational activities primarily for enjoyment. (Recreation workers are discussed elsewhere in the Handbook.)In acute health care settings, such as hospitals and rehabilitation centers, recreational therapists treat and rehabilitate individuals with specific health conditions, usually in conjunction or collaboration with physicians, nurses, psychologists, social workers, and physical and occupational therapists. Inlong-term and residential care facilities, recreational therapists use leisure activities—especially structured group programs—to improve and maintain their client’s general health and well-being. They also may provide interventions to prevent the client from suffering further medical problems and complications related to illnesses and disabilities.Recreational therapists assess clients on the basis of information the therapists learn from standardized assessments, observations, medical records, the medical staff, the client’s families, and the clients themselves. They then develop and carry out therapeutic interventions consistent with the client’s needs and interests. For example, clients who are isolated from others or who have limited social skills may be encouraged to play games with others, and right-handed persons with right-side paralysis may be instructed in how to adapt to using their unaffected left side tothrow a ball or swing a racket. Recreational therapists may instruct patients in relaxation techniques to reduce stress and tension, stretching and limbering exercises, proper body mechanics for participation in recreational activities, pacing and energy conservation techniques, and individual as well as team activities. In addition, therapists observe and document a patient participation, reactions, and progress.Community-based recreational therapists may work in park and recreation departments, special-education programs for school districts, or programs for older adults and people with disabilities. Included in the last group are programs and facilities such as assisted-living, adult day care, and substance abuse rehabilitation centers. In these programs, therapists use interventions to develop specific skills, while providing opportunities for exercise, mental stimulation, creativity, and fun. Although most therapists are employed in other areas, those who work in schools help counselors, teachers, and parents address the special needs of students, including easing disabled student’s transition into adult life.WORKING CONDITIONSRecreational therapists provide services in special activity rooms, but also plan activities and prepare documentation in offices. When working with clients during community integration programs, they may travel locally to instruct the clients regarding the accessibility of public transportation and other public areas, such as parks, playgrounds, swimming pools, restaurants, and theaters.Therapists often lift and carry equipment, as well as lead recreational activities. Recreational therapists generally work a 40-hour week that may include some evenings, weekends, and holidays.TRAINING, OTHER QUALIFICATIONS, AND ADVANCEMENTA bachelor degree in therapeutic recreation, or in recreation with a concentration in therapeutic recreation, is the usual requirement for entry-level positions. Persons may qualify for paraprofessional positions with an associate degree in therapeutic recreation or a health care related field. An associate degree in recreational therapy; training in art, drama, or music therapy; or qualifying work experience may be sufficient for activity director positions in nursing homes.Approximately 150 programs prepare students to become recreational therapists. Most offer bachelor degrees, although some also offer associate, master , ordoctoral degrees. Programs include courses in assessment, treatment and program planning, intervention design, and evaluation. Students also study human anatomy, physiology, abnormal psychology, medical and psychiatric terminology, characteristics of illnesses and disabilities, professional ethics, and the use of assistive devices and technology.Although certification is usually voluntary, most employers prefer to hire candidates who are certified therapeutic recreation specialists. The National Council for Therapeutic Recreation Certification is the certificatory agency. To become certified, specialists must have a bachelor degree, pass a written certification examination, and complete an internship of at least 480 hours. Additional requirements apply in order to maintain certification and to recertify. Some States require licensure or certification to practice recreational therapy.Recreational therapists should be comfortable working with persons who are ill or who have disabilities. Therapists must be patient, tactful, and persuasive when working with people who have a variety of special needs. Ingenuity, a sense of humor, and imagination are needed to adapt activities to individual needs, and good physical coordination is necessary to demonstrate or participate in recreational activities.Therapists may advance to supervisory or administrative positions. Some teach, conduct research, or consult for health or social services agencies.EMPLOYMENTRecreational therapists held about 24,000 jobs in 2004. About 6 out of 10 were in nursing care facilities and hospitals. Others worked in State and local government agencies and in community care facilities for the elderly, including assisted-living facilities. The rest worked primarily in residential mental retardation, mental health, and substance abuse facilities; individual and family services; Federal Government agencies; educational services; and outpatient care centers. Only a small number of therapists were self-employed, generally contracting with long-term care facilities or community agencies to develop and oversee programs.JOB OUTLOOKOverall employment of recreational therapists is expected to grow more slowly than the average for all occupations through the year 2014. In nursing care facilities—the largest industry employing recreational therapists—employment will grow slightly faster than the occupation as a whole as the number of older adults continues to grow. Employment is expected to decline, however, in hospitals asservices shift to outpatient settings and employers emphasize cost containment. Fast employment growth is expected in the residential and outpatient settings that serve disabled persons, the elderly, or those diagnosed with mental retardation, mental illness, or substance abuse problems. Among these settings are community care facilities for the elderly (including assisted-living facilities); residential mental retardation, mental health, and substance abuse facilities; and facilities that provide individual and family services (such as day care centers for disabled persons and the elderly). Opportunities should be best for persons with a bachelor degree in therapeutic recreation or in recreation with an option in therapeutic recreation. Opportunities also should be good for therapists who hold specialized certifications, for example, in, aquatic therapy, meditation, or crisis intervention.Health care facilities will support a growing number of jobs in adult day care and outpatient programs offering short-term mental health and alcohol or drug abuse services. Rehabilitation, home health care, and transitional programs will provide additional jobs.The rapidly growing number of older adults is expected to spur job growth for recreational therapy professionals and paraprofessionals in assisted-living facilities, adult day care programs, and other social assistance agencies. Continued growth also is expected in community residential care facilities, as well as in day care programs for individuals with disabilities.EARNINGSMedian annual earnings of recreational therapists were $32,900 in May 2004. The middle 50 percent earned between $25,520 and $42,130. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $20,130, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $51,800. In May 2004, median annual earnings for recreational therapists were $28,130 in nursing care facilities.RELATED OCCUPATIONSRecreational therapists primarily design activities to help people with disabilities lead more fulfilling and independent lives. Other workers who have similar jobs are occupational therapists, physical therapists, recreation workers, and rehabilitation counselors.休閒反被視為一種必要的人權:19從休閒價值觀談休閒不動產的發展趨性黃勝雄在歷史的某些階段,「休閒」曾被視為負面的、消極的、甚至罪惡的,例如Thorstein Veblen 在1899 年的著作「休閒階級論」(The Theory of the。
国立嘉义大学教育学系(94学年度入学新生适用).
國立嘉義大學教育學系(94學年度入學新生適用)
94.01.14系所課程委員會議通過
94.01.24院課程委員會議通過
94.04.01校課程委員會議通過
94.05.24教務會議通過
課程修習說明:
本系學生應修習之最低畢業學分數為129學分,其中包含通識教育必修課程30學分、專業必修課程41學分(院必修31學分、系必修10學分)、及專業選修課程58學分:包含教育專業選修課程(30學分)、專業導向選修課程(教育行政、英語教學、資訊教學三組擇一20學分),以及得跨系選修8學分。
有志從事國民小學教師者則另需加修教學專業選修20學分。
其他可開授之選修課程清單如下:。
国立嘉义大学讲座设置办法修正草案条文对照表(精)
講座審議委員會須有全體委員三分之二之出席方得開議,並須經出席委員二分之一以上議決通過。
第九條講座教授之聘任由各單位於每年四月底或十月底前經由該講座所屬學術領域有關之院、系所、中心或單位主動推薦或由校長提出。推薦時應檢附被推薦人之學經歷、論著目錄、重要論著、具體學術成就證明、其他相關之證明文件及教學研究計畫,經本校講座審議委員會審議通過後聘任之。
第二條本校講座之設置經費,除由校務基金五項自籌收入(捐贈收入、場地設備管理收入、推廣教育收入、建教合作收入及投資取得收益)及學雜費收入支應外,財團法人、民間企業或熱心公益之團體、個人,得以基金或定期捐贈方式贊助。
依據教育部97年11月25日台高(三)字第0970235905號函辦理,酌作文字修正。
第三條 本校講座分為「嘉義大學講座」、「嘉義大學特約講座」及「其他講座」。
3、依據教育部93年9月13日台人(三)字第0930117387A號函略以:國立大學校院校務基金管理及監督辦法第9條第2項所定學雜費收入等6項自籌收入得用於支應編制內教師本薪(年功薪)、加給以外之給與及編制外人員人事費之比率,業經行政院核定以50%為上限。爰於條文中明定,俾有效控管人事經費。
4、明定特約講座如經本校教評會聘為兼任教師並開課或指導研究生論文,另依規定支領鐘點費或論文指導費。
二、本校講座教授係由專任教授擔任,其退休依學校教職員退休條例辦理;「特約講座」及「其他講座」非上開規定應參加離職儲金之人員,爰刪除「離職儲金」,以符規定。
三、酌作文字修正。
第七條 「嘉義大學講座」應致力於提升本校學術水準。「嘉義大學特約講座」及「其他講座」應以促進與本校之互動、協助提升本校學術水準為任務,其應擔負之學術任務由校長與講座商定之。
我为何放弃名校选择社区大学
我为何放弃名校选择社区大学作者:邵帅等来源:《留学》2014年第15期导语:我是俗人,在美国这个世界顶尖学府聚集之地,以后的学习生涯只会更难而不是简单,与其现在就展开漫长痛苦的马拉松拉锯战,我决定先予自己两年轻松时间,既不用为GPA玩命儿,也能为父母省下很多钱,更为了以后真正的拼搏。
我,一个在美国Chico High School读高三的山东女孩,非富二代、非学渣、也非学霸。
前段时间拿到了几所大学包括TOP50的录取,两所给了奖学金,但最终选择去社区大学读书。
很多人奇怪我为什么这样做。
假如是一年以前,我也会有这样的疑问。
放弃TOP50录取,选择社区大学一年前的这个时候,我满心满脑都是各种培训机构的应试技巧,一边是对美国学习生涯的期待,一边是对日后能否考入理想大学的担忧。
这两年,我想先去社区大学,所谓的Junior College或Cummunity College。
学校的名字叫Diablo Valley College(DVC 岱伯洛谷学院),在离旧金山很近的小城市Pleasant Hill,离大名鼎鼎的UC Berkley(加州大学伯克利分校)非常近。
Junior College对于大部分人来说比较陌生,我未到美国之前对此也是一无所知。
对于它的了解,一部分来自于父母找的中介,而更多了解则是来自于在美国高中认识的老师与同学们。
第一学期的期末,经济课的期末考试是以presentation的形式,主题是毕业后一年内每月账单的大体估算,以每个人实际情况为准。
当时我发现,美国当地学生对日后生活的规划,除少数几个人选择上当地的四年制大学之外,大部分的人,无论学习好坏或有无转学打算,都选择先进入当地的社区大学学习两年,即便有些人完全有能力去一个很好的四年制学校,诸如加州大学。
相对于我所计算的每月近五千美金令人咋舌的数据(一切从简情况下),他们每个月不过千余美金而已。
其中的差距,寻常衣食住行纵然当地学生比留学生更为方便,可是最重要的,还是学费的问题。
台湾社区大学的办学特色及其启示
台湾 社区大学的办学特色及其 启示
朱素 芬
( 华东 师范大学职业教育与成人教育研究所 , 上海 ,0 0 2 20 6 )
摘要 :0世 纪9 2 0年代 , 台湾地 区在 引进和吸收欧美社 区学 院发展的理念和经验 的基础上 , 大力推进社 区
大学的创 建工作。经过十几年 的发展 , 的社 区大学形成 了 自己的办学特 色 , 了丰富的办学经验, 台湾 积累 并具
一
、
同。此外 , 9 1 7年, 9 台湾政府颁布了《 迈向终身学习 白皮书》 这一举措推动了终身学习运动的开展, , 也 促进 了社区大学的创办。 与大陆地区不 同, 台湾取名 为社区“ 大学” 而非 社区“ 学院” 。这其 中有两个原 因: 一是台湾“ 教育 部” 原来拟定了社 区“ 院” 学 的名称 , 但是 由于种种 原因, 原来规划的“ 社区学院” 没能实现。为了和它 相 区别 , 加上 “ 区大学 ” 社 的用 法 已经 在社会 广 泛采 用多年, 因此 , 使用 了社 区“ 大学 ” 的名称 ; 二是《 台 湾大学法》 规定 “ , 学院” 一般 只是包含一个或两个 领域 , 如文理学院。包含三个 以上领域就称为大学。 依照该法案, 社区大学课程涵盖了人文学、 社会科学 与自然科学三个领域 , 因此称为“ 社区大学” 98 。19 年, 第一所社区大学——文山社区大学在台北成立, 揭开了台湾社区大学开办 的序幕 。之后 , 各市县纷 纷效仿 。截至 2 1 年 , 0 0 台湾已成立了社区大学 10 0 多所 , 参与学习的学员人数达到了 2 3万 2千人次。 经费支出也从 19 年 的 1 98 千万元升至20 年 的9 08 . 1 亿元( 3 新台币) [ 可见 , o1 1 台湾社区大学已获得了 飞速的发展 , 并且越来越成 为台湾民众广泛接受的 种教育形式。 二、 台湾社 区大 学的 办学特 色
国立嘉义大学教师聘任及升等审查办法修正草案条文对照(精)
第五條各系(所)增聘教師應就教師專長及缺額提系(所)務會議審議通過,依行政程序簽請校長核准後,本公平、公正、公開之原則於傳播媒體或學術刊物公告徵聘資訊,並考慮系(所)教師學歷背景之多元性,由各系(所)依據該單位缺額、課程需要、各級教師應授課時數及擬聘教師檢具之學經歷證件及著作(或作品、展演相關資料)先行查核後,提請系(所)教評會就其教學、研究、專長、品德及擬任課程等進行初審後,送交各學院教評會複審,再轉送校教評會決審,決審通過並經校長核定後始得聘任。
第十一條兼任教師升等所需之任教年資,比照專任教師升等所需年資加倍計算。符合升等條件之兼任教師,須在本校連續任教三年以上,始得在本校提出升等之申請。
教師借調本校滿三年以上者,經原服務學校之校級教評會審查通過後,得在本校提出升等之申請。
第十一條兼任教師升等所需之任教年資,比照專任教師升等所需年資加倍計算。符合升等條件之兼任教師,須在本校連續任教三年以上,始得在本校提出升等之申請。
(四)經系(所)教評會出席委員三分之二(含)以上同意通過後,各系(所)應於每年二月底前將審查通過者之所有資料、著作(或作品、展演相關資料)及該會審查之結果與意見送院教評會審查。
(五)升等提起後,於系(所)辦理著作外審前,申請人得以書面撤回其升等申請。
二、院審:
(一)院於接到各系(所)之審查結果、有關資料與意見後,應於三週內召開院教評會,並成立著作審查作業小組,依所訂定之各學院教師聘任及升等審查要點審議各系(所)之送審資料並決定是否送審。
六、代表著作係數人合著者,僅得由其中一人送審,送審時,送審人以外他人須放棄以該著作作為代表著作送審之權利。送審人應以書面具體說明其參與部分,並由合著人簽章證明之。但有下列情形之一者,不在此限:
我国台湾地区社区大学的历史、特点与模式
我国台湾地区社区大学的历史、特点与模式摘要:我国台湾地区的社区大学经过多年的发展与完善,在借鉴西方经验的基础上逐渐形成自身的特色,并不断探索新的有效的运行模式,这些为大陆社区大学的建设提供了可以借鉴的经验和做法。
关键词:社区大学;成人教育;委托经营随着经济与社会的不断发展,传统的一次性的学校教育显然不能满足人们对教育的新的要求,接受以继续教育、职业教育、职后教育、岗位培训为主要任务的成人教育将是人们的必然选择。
近年来随着西方经济社会和科技等方面的迅速发展与变化,作为成人教育重要拓展的社区教育迅速兴起并不断发展,成人教育从学校到社区,已触及到社会的每一个角落,涉及到社会的每一个群体和个人。
并以非常贴近社会和生活的特点,为成人教育注入了新的活力,越来越被世界各国和各地区所接受,成为国际现代教育的一种现象和趋势。
而我国台湾地区的成人教育显然受到这种浪潮的影响,近年来,发展社区大学成为成人教育工作的一项重要内容。
一、台湾社区大学的发展历史台湾的高等教育普及面虽然还算广,但是还是会有许多人没有机会上大学。
更何况还有因为家境贫寒或者其他原因当年没有继续深造,如今已经人到中年的职场男女。
而社会的竞争是越来越激烈,如果没有知识,或者知识不及时更新,很难讲不会被淘汰。
即使是作为一个普通的公民,也还是需要一个提高自身文化素质的机会。
上世纪80年代以来,随着台湾经济的高速发展,以及大学教育整体上的有限性,人们对教育提出了更为广泛的要求,终身教育和继续教育成为一种现实的需求,发展成人教育开始提上日程,而成人教育、终身学习的理念逐渐也开始受到政府部门的重视。
正是在这样的背景下,在许多有识之士的奔走呼号之下,社区大学应运而生。
1988年2月,台湾政府部门召开了第六次教育会议,会议的主要内容就是围绕“建立成人教育体系,以达全民教育及终身教育目标”来进行讨论,并提出了发展成人教育的基本方向和政策。
此后,教育部门于1991年4月24日制定了《发展与改进成人教育五年计划纲要》,明确提出了发展成人教育的具体方案,并把发展社区大学作为实现终身教育和全面教育目标的重要内容。
台湾社区大学:催生公民社会
台湾社区大学:催生公民社会作者:暂无来源:《环球慈善》 2012年第6期文、图/徐智慧解放知识,是催生公民社会的一条便捷通道——秉承这一理念,一些有志者不遗余力地推动台湾社区大学的发展,努力使其成为“终身教育”的一部分,以提高公众参与公共事务的意识和能力,从而推动公民社会的成长。
从1 998年台湾创立第一所社区大学“文山社大”以来,短短14年,已有86所社区大学棋布全岛。
每年有12万新生入学,“终身学习”蔚然成风。
“过去念大学,主要是为了找工作,为了个人生涯规划,为自己在社会上找一个饭碗和位置。
而我们办社区大学,是希望学员为公共事务而学习,希望他们借由知识体系的完整,来参与公共议题,影响公共选择和决策。
”台湾社区大学促进会秘书长高茹萍认为,“人不应只是为自己学习。
”老生少师4月26日晚7时许。
新北市(原台北县)永和社区大学。
窗外飘着春季特有的绵绵细雨。
一头白发的廖新一,矮墩墩的身材在教室里健步如飞,擦黑板、整理教具,然后稳稳当当地坐到座位上,像个虔诚的小学生。
教室里只有7名学生,平均年龄60岁以上。
他们坐在这里,准备听一门名叫《台湾文学导论》的课。
每周四晚七点至九点半,雷打不动地听上两个半小时。
72岁的廖新一是班长。
退休前,他是《中国时报》记者、编辑。
13年前,永和社大创校的时候,他是首批学生中的一员;今天,他还坐这里,是永和社大资格最老的学生之一。
永和社大的2000多名学生,年龄大多在45至65岁之间。
社区大学的门槛很低,只要年满1 8周岁,不限学历,都可报名。
这里学费低廉,修一门课每学期学费只要2400元新台币左右(500多元人民币),可获得3个学分。
所有课程均不考试,上课不点名,学生来去自由。
修满128个学分,社大颁发结业文凭。
高茹萍认为,学员都会用脚投票,所以当社大的老师很考验功力。
“学员不想听就走了,人家付了钱都不来听课,说明老师没有魅力,所以老师要想办法吸引学员”。
社区大学老师来源广泛。
电影赏析-嘉义大学
學生們穿著正式服裝,先由外在的衣著改變,去影響心態的改變施沛潔老師講授課程,學生們專心聽講,並認真抄筆記施沛潔老師講授男女生在職場上合宜的穿著,搭配圖片的展示,達到視覺學習效果講授男女生的正確坐姿與同學實際練習端莊的坐姿男同學與女同學分兩列,以隊為單位,至戶外練習優雅與合宜的走姿,並且利用音樂的節奏矯正走姿董老師親自示範合宜的站姿,與肩同寬、雙手自然垂放、抬頭挺胸為基本的元素由施老師親自示範女生該如何才會有看起來修長的雙腿,呈現出優雅的坐姿董老師與施老師示範,長輩和異性之間該如何握手才算是禮儀的表現活動達成效果ㄧ、經由學生們的學習腳蹤裡面,同學生對於本次美姿美儀講座獲益良多。
企管系某位原本完全不在意自己的儀容打扮,覺得穿著自在最重要。
但是,經由這次的美姿美儀講座,他才明白外表給人家的印象是這麼的重要。
二、學生們對於自己的未來有更多的肯定,並且藉由外表合宜的裝扮進而影響內心的自資管三甲導師李彥賢(右一)、品保社群池進通老師、周世認學務長、管理學院黃宗成院長、中華電信嘉義營業處張坤昌經理以及企業倫理董維教師等六位長官與企管系與資管大三同學的團體合照。
周學務長贈予大學門的宣誓代表陳彥良同學大學牌,代表重視學校的修行及學習(左圖)黃院長加冠成人門的宣誓代表葉嘉豪同學成人帽,代表對學生成長的肯定(右圖)董維老師頒發倫理狀給倫理們的宣誓代表張雅萍同學(左圖),代表重視道德及倫理活動達成效果藉由舉辦成人禮活動,讓學生能夠對自己負責,並做個有倫理的人。
學生在商業倫理成年禮加冕典禮當中,親身體會隆重場面,應該表現的倫金馬影展同學們上台接受領獎,並述說得獎感言5/18日的演講海報老師聽講時專心做筆記老師和陳崑淦經理合影陳崑淦經理演講贏的同學上台分享心得學生熱情參與上課狀況學生積極參與遊戲的情況老師與學生示範過程活動達成效果ㄧ、猜贏的同學分享贏的策略,首先,氣勢很重要,要先讓對方感受到害怕,就會亂中出錯;第二、在寫紀錄輸贏的時候,不寫出全部的數字,也就是說贏500輸700就寫-7。
相关学系之学生-嘉义大学
中等教育學程 修習主要學科 (領域、主修 專長) 僅能選取一類
中等教育學程相關系所一覽表
中等教育學程修習主要學科(領域、主修專長)
國中藝術與人文領域-音樂藝術 高級中等學校音樂科 藝術與人文學科 (領域、主修專長) 國中藝術與人文領域-視覺藝術 高級中等學校美術科 (國/高中/高職)國文科 語文學科(領域、主修專長) (國/高中/高職)英文科 數學學科(領域、主修專長) (國/高中/高職)數學科 外國語言學系暨研究所 應用數學系暨研究所 數理教育研究所 應用歷史學系暨研究所
自然與生活科技學習領域學科 (領域、主修專長)
(國中)物理專長 (高中)物理科 (國/高中)生物科
健康與體育學科 (領域、主修專長)
(國/高中/高職)體育科
(高中/高職)生涯規劃科 輔導學科(領域、主修專長) 國民中學綜合活動學習領域輔導及高中 職輔導 高中資訊科技概論科
中等教育學程相關系所一覽表
104學年度教育學程
招 生 甄 選 說 明 會
中心招生甄選組織架構
招生甄選委員會
師資培育中心
地方教育輔導組
課程組 (主辦)
教育實習組
中心主任
成和正 教授
專長:運動生理學、體適能、 全人健康、運動生化、 籃球 任教科目:童軍、健康與體育
中心課程組組長
蔡明昌 副教授
專長:教育心理學、教育 測驗與評量、生命 教育、量化研究方 法 任教科目:教育測驗與評 量、教育哲學、 青少年心理學
畜場保健科Байду номын сангаас
高級中等學校家政群幼兒保育科
高級中等學校機械群生物産業機電科
生物機電工程學系(所)
申請修習教育學程,須經初審及複審二階段
【初審應繳表件】
台湾的社区大学
台湾的社区大学作者:暂无来源:《环球慈善》 2014年第4期社大里面流传着一句话说,“肚皮舞里面也有公民社会”。
文/NGO发展交流网杨国琼在去台湾之前,对社区大学虽然也早有耳闻,甚至曾经还去过大陆的两个所谓的“社区大学”,但这一次的学习,才让我对社区大学有了真正的了解。
“知识解放与公民社会”是当年黄武雄提出社区大学时所赋予的核心目标,也是我到旗美社大第一天就听到的字眼。
但直到后面通过亲身的体验与观察,才真正理解了这两句话的含义。
社区大学与知识解放社区大学所谓的“知识解放”,有两层含义:其一,它打破了传统的知识获取门槛。
原来在这个社会上,如果你希望学习更多知识,就必须通过一层层的测验,而不是说任何想学习的成人,都可以自由进入大学校园学习。
因此,社区大学的意义首先在于,它对任何希望学习的成人开放,不论你的年纪和基础是怎样的,只要你想学习,都可以进入社区大学学习,它是没有门槛的。
尤其是旗美社大所在的旗美九区,是山地农村,和很多城市的社大不同,旗美社大强调“送课上门”,他们的教室分布在旗美九区的不同位置,这样学员不用离开本地就能上课。
不过,因为黄武雄当年提出这个理念的时候,互联网还没有发展到现在这种程度。
应该说,现在互联网的公开学习资源,已经可以满足这一层的知识解放的意义了。
但对于台湾的社区大学,有一个小细节还是挺让我惊讶的,就是社区大学的学生证,竟然可以享受学生优惠。
电影社团的一位老太太就说她曾经用社大的学生证在某次旅行的时候,享受到了学生待遇。
由此可见台湾对社区大学还真是有挺正式的认可的。
其二,传统的知识学习过程是在课堂,以讲授为主,而且知识都掌握在少数精英群体手中,成为一种垄断。
而社区大学则强调那些没能进入殿堂的农人的身体里蕴藏着非常丰富的知识,比如对天气的判断、对作物的辨识等。
因而,旗美社大一直有“向农村学习,在农村学习”的口号。
他们在本地发掘和培养当地的农人、手艺人成为老师,把蕴含在身体记忆里的知识分享出来,同时,也强调体验的学习方式,因而大多数课程都有室外的学习。
嘉义市社区大学教师聘任及评鉴办法
嘉義市社區大學教師聘任及評鑑辦法89年3月14日訂定第一章第一章 總則總則第一條 本辦法依據「嘉義市社區大學校務規程」第四章規定訂定之。
第二條 嘉義市社區大學(以下簡稱本校)教師聘審委員會之職權為本校教師之聘任與解聘、審查社區社團課程相關事項。
第三條 本校教師之聘任有二。
其一,由校長徵詢相關課程規劃小組後提出,並經本校教師聘審委員會同意;其二、由其他教師、學員推薦或新老師自我引薦,並經本校教師聘審委員會同意。
第四條 本校教師一學期一聘,均為兼職。
第五條 本校教師包括學術課程教師、生活藝能課程教師、社團活動(社區社團)課程指導老師三種。
第二第二章章 教師教師之聘任與限制之聘任與限制之聘任與限制第六條 本校「學術課程」教師需具備以下資格之一:一、具有國內外立案之大專院校講師以上資格。
二、在學術領域具有特殊成就或專門著作,經教師審查委員會認可者。
第七條 本校「學術課程」以外之教師,不限學歷,但需具備以下資格之一:一、對於社區營造之推動有具體明確之貢獻者。
二、對於地方鄉土、歷史、文化、社會、自然有具體之研究成果或貢獻者。
三、在專業領域具有傑出之才能者。
第八條 本校教師之遴聘,由本校教師聘審委員會依社區大學設立之宗旨、課程規劃之需要及教師授課理念、經驗與背景、專業素養進行審查,並經全體委員二分之一以上之同意後聘任。
第九條 為擴大社區參與,豐富課程內容與師資多元化,本校教師同一課程內容連續開課三個學期後,應另開不同內容之專業課程。
第三章第三章 學員權益與教學品質之維護學員權益與教學品質之維護第十條 本校教師本於尊重學員之學習權益應按時授課,對學員之學習成果作公正之評鑑。
第十一條 本校教師無故未按時授課、又無補課者,本校得經教師聘審委員會議決後不續聘之。
缺課情形嚴重導致課程中斷、學員權益受損者,本校得追討教師之鐘點費。
第十二條 本校教師於聘任期間,因故無法繼續教授課程者,得推薦適任之代課教師,並於一個月前檢具其簡歷及學歷影印證明提交教師聘審委員會審理。
国立嘉义大学(民雄、兰潭、新民校区)
103學年度日間部大一、研一、轉學生及復學生
健康檢查時間表
日期
時間
地點
9月22日
(星期一)
民雄校區大學館
9月23日
(星期二)
新民校區餐廳走廊
9月24日
(星期三)
蘭潭校區資工館
(國際會議廳)
9月25日
(星期四)
蘭潭校區資工館
(國際會議廳)
8:00
∫
9:00
外國語言學系、所
16:00
∫
17:00
應用歷史學系、所數理教育所
16:30截止報到
備註:1.大一新生、轉學生、復學生,請配合各系、所體檢時間參加體檢。請詳閱體檢說明(進修部同學體檢請洽詢進修推廣部)。
2.碩、博班生若無法於上述時間體檢,請自行下載體檢表至醫療單位體檢於開學後二週內交至各校區健康中心(費用約1500-2500元左右)。
生物事業管理系、所
生化科技學系
景觀學系
機械與能源學系
食品科學系
11:00
∫
12:00
止報到
財務金融系
11:30截止報到
生物資源系
木質材料與設計學系
11:30截止報到
森林暨自然資源系
應用化學系
11:30截止報到
中午
休息
13:00
∫
14:00
幼兒教育學系、所
數位設計學習與管理學系、所
(英教、應外組)
行銷運籌學系、所
電機工程學系
生物機電工程學系
園藝系(08:00-08:30)
教職員工(08:30-09:00)
9:00
∫
10:00
特殊教育學系、所
国立嘉义大学民雄校区102学年度第2学期
國立嘉義大學民雄校區102學年度第2學期學生自治幹部座談會會議紀錄時間:103年3月5日(星期三)13時20分地點:民雄校區大學館演講廳主席:邱校長義源出席人員:相關行政人員及各級學生幹部(詳如簽到表)記錄:陳雅琳壹、主席致詞學生自治幹部座談會是學校整體運作中很重要的部分,藉此會議得以彙整同學所提出問題,作紀錄並追蹤後續的執行情形,改善學校的軟硬體以更貼近同學的需求。
今日在此有幾點先跟各位分享:一、首先,跟大家分享近日上映的電影《KANO天下嘉農》,電影主要敘述嘉義大學前身嘉義農林學校時,成立的一支棒球隊「嘉義農林野球隊」(KANO),嘉農棒球隊是一支由臺灣人、原住民、日本人組成的混合球隊,因一位著名近藤教練的調教下,將同學的長才結合,更進軍日本甲子園。
他們的信念是永不放棄,其拼鬥精神和耐戰韌性引起日本棒壇極大稱讚,,給予〝天下嘉農〞的美譽,帶起臺灣棒球最早的風潮,在此期勉同學延續此信念,對任何事情遇到困難時亦能堅持、不放棄。
若同學有興趣,請至電影院欣賞,相信會有更深的感受,這也是嘉大過去光榮的歷史。
二、2月22號於嘉義市舉辦的KANO萬人封街遊行首映活動,利用這個機會,展現了嘉義大學現代的風貌,今天會為大家做節錄,與大家共同分享。
三、鼓勵同學做跨領域的結合,踴躍地參加社團或系上的各項活動,為身為嘉大學生感到學校與有榮焉,透過行銷、積極表現,共同為嘉義大學而努力。
貳、KANO首映萬人踩街回顧影片欣賞參、頒獎一、頒發102年度學生社團評鑑榮獲特優社團二、致贈電影票予萬人踩街當天協助演出輔諮二甲同學肆、各單位工作報告及業務宣導(附件二,第19~27頁)一、教務處補充報告(徐教務長)(一)、請各位幹部鼓勵同學修習跨領域學程與微學程,將來可取得第二專長。
教務處正研議將課程學程化,讓修習第二專長會更加容易,預估150學分,可修雙主修。
(二)、欲轉系的同學,特別是大一,請於本週內要提出申請。
(三)、關於缺曠課的規定事項,曠課一節視同缺課三節,期末缺課若達到三分之一即扣考,扣考的執行計算是第15週,第16週核發扣考通知書至同學家,讓同學有一個禮拜請假,避免被扣考。
国立嘉义大学98学年度学生修读辅系条件及学分标准表(精)
學
分
中國古代民族史3學分
中國社會史4學分
中國史學史2學分
台灣文化史2學分
專門歷史(至少必選修9學分)
世界史3學分
美國史4學分
英文史學名著選讀3學分
西洋斷代史(至少必選修6學分)
地理組
地形學暨實習2學分
氣候學2學分
水文學2學分
自然地理學群(至少6學分)
文化地理學2學分
聚落地理學2學分
社會地理學2學分
熱力學(3)
動力學(2)
靜力學(2)
工程數學(6)
生物材料物理性質(3)
自動控制(3)
本系必修科目中任選三門(9)
28
學
分
電機工程學系
暫不接受修讀輔系
土木與水資源
工程學系
各學系
五名
(按前一學年學業成績排序)
微積分(6)
應用力學(3)
材料力學(3)
流體力學(7)(含實習1)
結構學(3)
水文學(3)
水資源工程與規劃(3)
離散數學(3)
數理統計(3)
數值分析(I)(3)
微分方程(I)(3)
拓樸學(3)
偏微分方程導論(3)
複變函數論(I)(3)
38
學
分
應用物理學系
各學系
五名
不限制
電磁學(6)
應用數學(6)
量子物理(6)
理論力學(3)
無
21
學
分
應用化學系
暫不接受修讀輔系
生物機電工程
學系
各學系
招收5名
微積分(3)
物理(3)
國立嘉義大學98學年度學生修讀輔系條件及學分標準表
台湾社区大学的发展现状及其社会影响探析
台湾社区大学的发展现状及其社会影响探析周莹【期刊名称】《九江职业技术学院学报》【年(卷),期】2015(000)003【摘要】台湾社区大学属非学历教育,以经验知识学习为主。
社区大学的成立,为台湾民众提供了多元的学习机会。
各社区大学均根据自身优势,发展学校特色,在竞争中促进了台湾社区大学质量的提高。
%Taiwan communitycollege ,which mainly focuses on empirical knowledge learning ,is a non - aca-demic education form and provides a diverse learning opportunities for the people of Taiwan .All the community col-leges develop school characteristics according to their own advantages ,and promote their schooling quality in compe-tition .【总页数】3页(P4-5,3)【作者】周莹【作者单位】南华工商学院,广东广州 510000【正文语种】中文【中图分类】G648.6【相关文献】1.从社会文化看台湾第一所社区大学的意义 [J],2.台湾大学生社会政治心态的特征、成因及因应策略研究——基于台湾23所高校大学生的调查分析 [J], 郭伟展;陈先才3.台湾社区大学发展现状述评 [J], 刘尧4.融入社会学思维的社区老龄化设计教学探索——台湾大学建筑与城乡研究所和社工系联合教学 [J], 万展志;周铁军5.听见霄里:从大学社会责任谈社会设计与社区创生——台湾中原大学设计学院院长陈其澎演讲实录 [J], 赵夏榕;因版权原因,仅展示原文概要,查看原文内容请购买。
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4.若發現液體表面產生白色、黑色或棕色的微生物,不必理會,讓它繼續發酵。
5.使用蔬菜水果的廚馀而不使用魚、肉等廚馀,是為了使製作出來的酵素味道比較清新。如果希望製作出來的酵素有較好的氣味,可於製作過程中加入橘子皮、檸檬皮及班蘭葉等氣味較好的蔬菜果皮。[魚肉類或有含油的廚餘可以另外泡製,發酵完成後可以當肥料]
4.黑糖水需蓋過垃圾,把浮在液面上的垃圾按下去,使其浸泡在液體中。將容器蓋緊,必須發酵至少三個月。
(六)注意事項:
1.鮮垃圾包括剩飯、鮮菜葉、水果皮等準備丟掉的蔬菜或植物,不包括廢紙、塑膠、金屬罐頭與瓶子。
2.製作過程中會有氣體(臭氧)產生,如果使用窄口的容器(如礦泉水瓶),切記每天將瓶口稍微打開,用來卸放氣體(至少每星期卸氣一次,否則瓶子將會被撐破)。如果使用寬口的容器,氣體會自然被擠出,較無上述問題。
8.成功的環保酵素應該呈棕黃色,且有橘子般的刺激氣味[PH值<4],將製好的環保酵素過濾到瓶子中待用。若酵素呈現黑色,即腐敗,不成功了,只要加入同樣份量的黑糖,重新發酵即可。
9.環保酵素應置放於空氣流通、陰涼的地方,避免陽光直接照射[溫度攝氏25~50,不可以放冰箱]。
製作環保酵素活動圖片如下:
響應世界地球日,本週課程內容改為製作環保酵素
(五)環保酵素的製作過程:
材料:黑糖/黃糖1kg、鮮垃圾3 kg、水10 litres
備註:蒐集到3kg的鮮垃圾,就必須加入1kg的黑糖及10 litres的水,以此類推。
步驟:
1.將蒐集到的鮮垃圾切成小塊,以加速分解過程。
2.隨後將鮮垃圾倒進瓷器,陶缸或者塑膠缸裡。切記選用較大的容器製作酵素,以防止在發酵時溢出容器外。
嘉義市社區大學
99年春季班
一、本週課程內容概述:課程主題~響應世界地球日、製作環保酵素
(一)今年4月22日是「世界地球日」40周年,面對這即將到來的全球綠色盛會,本週課程內容規劃「響應世界地球日~製作環保酵素」活動,並且放映「正負2度C」記錄片,希望藉由活動的參與,讓民眾認識「地球日」的精神與意義,邀民眾一起節能減碳,共同關心地球的未來。
3.加入適當比例的黑糖及水,稍微攪拌。[在家裡用廚餘製作環保效訴時,因為廚餘是每天慢慢累積的,所以必須先將適量的黑糖及水先按比例調好,放入桶中,順時針方向攪拌至完全溶解,然後每天將廚餘加入,直到廚餘的量足夠了,再貼上當日的日期標籤,開始計算滿三個月才可以收成。實際的作法如下,譬如買了一個18公升的桶子,預留4公升空間,所以配方是1公斤黑糖(假設密度接近1)加10公升水及3公斤的廚餘[1:10:3],先在桶子外面先用奇異筆在11公升和14公升的位置,畫線做刻度記號,先放入1公斤黑糖,然後將水加到11公升的刻度位置攪拌至溶解,然後每天加入廚餘,直到14公升的刻度為止]
社大張校長主持響應世界地球日、製作環保酵素活動
專家及社大環保社長講解製作環保酵素
學員學習製作環保酵素
製作環保酵素之鳳梨皮、菜葉等材料
製成之環保酵素成品
社大蔬果班學員交流耕作經驗
社大有機鳳梨已經陸續採收
學員分切社大有機鳳梨品嚐
社大有機鳳梨酸甜適中、肉質細緻
學員整理菜園
學員分裝社大蔬果班自製之液肥
6.若一時無法蒐集到這麼大量的鮮垃圾,可陸續加入鮮垃圾,3個月的期限由最後一次加入鮮垃圾那天算起。
7.製作過程中可加入與黑糖同樣比例的菌母,加速發酵過程。(菌母又稱為菌精,可在有機店買到。)[菌母:黑糖:水:廚餘:== 1:1:10:3;用熱水可以加速黑糖溶解,若要加菌母必須等溶液溫度降到攝氏40度以下,以免菌母死亡]
(四)泰國的樂素昆博士(Dr Rosukon)研究酵素30餘年,成功研究出環保酵素(也稱垃圾酵素,Garbage Enzyme)。環保酵素就是利用菜渣、果皮等鮮垃圾製成的,不但製作過程簡單、製作材料隨手可得、節省金錢、用途廣泛、減少垃圾量,還對環保起著很大的作用。在馬來西亞,也有兩位極力推廣環保酵素的環保達人,他們是檳城的溫秀枝醫師(Dr Joean Oon)及泰國的嗎哈老師(Mr।Mahaprajuap),他們兩位皆到樂素昆博士的健康之家(Health Farm)學習,並致力於到世界各地推廣環保酵素。
(二)這二年「世界地球日」的國際性主題訂為綠世代,關切的議題聚焦於「氣候變遷」對地球環境的影響,然而能源對環境造成的傷害也是影響氣候變遷的重要因素之一。
(三)本次活動由嘉義市社大張校長主持,邀請環保局、教育處、新聞記者、以及社區民眾參加,聘請專家及社大環保社長示範製作環保酵素,學員帶來柑橘類果皮、鳳梨皮、菜葉等材料,學校提供黑糖、塑膠桶,製成環保酵素3個月後就可使用。