高二｜课本知识点详解及练习：必修5Unit3（人教版）

高二｜课本知识点详解及练习：必修5Unit3（人教版）
人教版《课本知识点详解及练习》栏目，是很好的同步学习和期末考试复习资料，也可以作为高三复习资料用。

今天，我们该必修5Unit3Life in the future了！
Unit3 Life in the future知识点详解
Ⅰ. 常考单词必背
1．aspect n．方面；层面
I shall limit myself to three aspects of the subject.
我将从三个方面来讨论这个问题。

2．impression n．[C]印象；感觉
I am going to do all I can to remove the unpleasant impression you have of me.
我打算尽最大努力去掉你对我不好的印象。

[快速闪记]
(1)have/leave/make a(n)．..impression on sb 给某人留下……印象
(2)impress vt.①印；压印②留下极深的印象
impress sth on/upon sb/one's memory使某人铭记某事
impress sb with sth (某事)给某人留下印象
be impressed with/at/by...对……有深刻印象
(3)impressive adj.给人深刻印象的；感人的；激动人心的
3．constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的
constantly adv.不断地
Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional competence.
教师为了保持职业能力，必须不断更新知识。

4．previous adj.在前的；早先的
He recalled exactly what Bob had told him the previous night.他清楚记得前一天晚上鲍勃告诉他的话。

[快速闪记]
in the previous chapter在上一章中
previous to在……之前
You must collect enough materials previous to your writing.你在写作之前必须收集好足够的材料。

5．guide n．& vt. n．[C]向导；导游；指南；手册vt.为……领路；带领；引导
A young lady guided us on a tour of the museum as our guide.一位年轻小姐作为导游带领我们参观了博物馆。

6．lack n．[U]缺乏；没有vt.& vi.缺乏；短少；没有
Lack of time prevented me from writing to you.
由于没有时间，我没能给你写信。

[快速闪记]
a lack of缺少
lack for (多用于否定句)缺
for/through lack of因为缺乏
be lacking in缺乏，不足
7．adjustment n．[C] & [U]调整；调节
These animals made an adjustment to the new environment in a short time.
这些动物短时间内就适应了新环境。

[快速闪记]
adjust vt.①(使)适应；(使)校准；(使)调整②整理；使有条理
adjust(oneself) to (doing) sth (使某人)适应(做)某事
make an adjustment/adjustments to调整……(以适应……)
adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的
8．switch n．[C] ①开关；电闸②转换；改变；变化vt.①转变；交换②开关(电器等设备)
She switched the conversation from one subject to another.她转变了话题。

[快速闪记]
switch off关上(电灯、电视等)
switch on打开(电灯、电视等)
switch to转换到switch over转换频道；转变
make a switch进行改变
9．optimistic adj.乐观的 pessimistic adj. 悲观的
10．instant n．& adj.瞬间；片刻；立即的；立刻的
Please go away in an instant.请立刻走开。

[快速闪记]
in an instant立即；马上
for an instant片刻，瞬间
the instant 一……就
instantly adv.即可，马上
Ⅱ. 高频短语必会
1．take up 拿起；开始；继续
2．be back on one's feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原
3．lose sight of看不见……
4．sweep up打扫；横扫
5．slide into(快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进
6．speed up加速
Ⅲ. 写作句式必学
1．Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached.
由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感动头疼。

2．Having said this，he spread some food on the table，and produced a bed from the floor.
说完这个，他把一些食物摆在桌子上，而且还从地板上弄出一张床来。

3．It'll make you feel much better.
它会让你感觉好许多。

4．At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.
开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。

Ⅳ. 核心单词集中串记
短文语法填空，然后背诵短文，熟记本单元的重点词汇。

An Air Crash
I was a previous typist in a post office.Because I couldn't tolerate typing any morepostage bills or postcodes on__1__ typewriter every day，I resigned.With a __2__(greed)motivation of making big money，I took up working as a business representative for the G．E Ecology Company，which produced goods by __3__(recycle) useful materials from our dustbins.My new job left me good __4__(impress) in many aspects except that the working timetable was full of traveling by jets.
Once，when__5__ (speed) up，our jet was swallowed by a thunderstorm，which destroyed our GPS receiver and made us lose sight of the directions.Aconstantly flashing light showed that our jet was in danger.A steward __6__(instant) asked us to put on masks and fasten the safety belts，and then pressed a button to switch on the escaping capsule.It slid sideways __7__ of the opening at once and landed in adesert area cking food and tablets，we were nervous and uncertain at first.But we all kept optimistic and made good __8__(adjust) to the situation.We swept up the surrounding mud to make our settlement and were back on our __9__ (foot) soon.Finally，__10__(guide) by the smoke of our crashing jet，some local citizens came by carriages and saved us.
【参考答案】
1. a
2. greedy
3. recycling
4. impressions
5. speeding
6. instantly
7. out
8. adjustments
9. feet 10. guided
Unit3 Life in the future单元练习
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1．My good performance in the job interview left me optimistic __about__ my future and about what I can do here.
解析：句意：我在工作面试中的好表现让我对未来和自己在这里能做的很乐观。

2．With online shopping increasingly popular, the Internet is seen as an __efficient__ (efficiency) way of reaching target
customers.
解析：efficient有效的。

根据语境中的．..increasingly popular 可知，网购是一种有效的方式，故填efficient。

句意为：随着网上购物越来越流行，网络被认为是一种有效的吸引目标顾客的方式。

3．I think __what__ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.
解析：考查名词性从句。

句意：我认为关于他的绘画让我印象深刻的是他使用的颜色。

impresses缺少主语，故用what引导名词性从句。

4．Her __motivation__ (motivate) for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.
解析：句意：她写作的动力是渴望妇女获得更高一点教育的权利。

motivation动机，动力。

5．Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a __tolerant__(tolerance) smile and let him go.
解析：句意：没有责备那个打破花瓶的孩子，她朝她宽容地笑了笑，让他走了。

tolerant宽容的。

6．__What__ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
解析：考查名词性从句。

句意：使这本书不同寻常的是作者富有创造性的想象力。

what引导主语从句，在句中作主语，符合句意。

7．They are broadening the bridge to speed __up__ the flow of traffic.
解析：考查动词短语辨析。

句意：他们正在加宽这座大桥以加快交通流量。

speed up加速，加快，符合句意。

8．It's impossible for her to have more free time to accompany her parents because her work take __up__ much of her time.
解析：句意：她不可能有更多的空余时间来陪伴她的父母，因为工作占据了她的大部分时间。

take up拿起，占据(时间或空间)。

9．What was so _impressive_(impress) about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.
解析：句意：Jasmine Westland打动人的地方是她赤脚在马拉松比赛中得了第一名。

impressive打动人的，有感染力的。

10．Briggs will take __over__ as general manager when Mitchell retires.
解析：句意：Mitchell退休后，Briggs将会接管当总经理。

take over 接管。

11．More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities __for__ lack of space.
解析：句意：因为缺乏空间，在大城市建起了越来越多的高层建筑。

for lack of“因缺乏……”。

12．Making __a__ good impression on the interviewers is of vital __importance__(important)．
解析：句意：给面试官留下好的印象是极其重要的。

固定搭配leave/make a good impression on sb.＝leave/make sb.a good impression，故第一空应填入a。

be of importance ＝be important。

13．It is difficult for us to imagine __what__life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
解析：考查名词性从句。

句意：对我们来说，想像奴隶们在古代的生活是什么样子是很难的。

空格处引导宾语从句，从句中be like后缺少表语，故用what引导。

14．__Left__(leave) at home reading all day, the boy felt very lonely and wished to go out to play with his friends.
解析：考查非谓语动词。

leave在这里表示“留下”，与主语the boy之间构成动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作状语。

15．When I got home, it flashed __upon__ me that I had forgotten to lock the door.
解析：考查固定句型。

It flashed upon sb.that...为常用句型，意为“某人突然想到……”
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1．As for Jackson, he had a positive attitude towards his work and __as_a_result__(结果), he got promoted quickly.
2．The girl couldn't tolerate the extremes of heat and burst out crying when she __lost_sight_of_her_mother__(看不见她妈妈时)．
3．It seems as if he has __adjusted_himself_to_the_local_climate__(适应了当地的气候)．
4．There was a time when I was blamed by my mother for the reason that I __forgot_to_fasten_the_safety_belt__(忘记系安全带了)．
5．They had to do what they could __to_speed_up__(加快速度) so as to sweep up the street before dark.
6．It is __because_he_hurt_me_on_purpose(＝deliberately)__(因为他故意伤害过我) that I dislike seeing him.
7．I wanted to leave at once __every_time_he_mentioned_his_future_lifestyle__(每次他提到他将来的生活方式时)．
8．The woman steward pressed the button and then looked at the strange passenger __as_if_he_were_mad/crazy__(好像他疯了)．
9．__Disappointed_at_the_news__(对这个消息感到失望) that
the speech contest had been called off, the top students sat there in silence and felt great pressure.
10．I'm uncertain about my exact time here, but I will visit you next Tuesday __if_it_is_convenient_to/for_you__(要是你方便的话)．
Ⅲ. 单句改错
1．In a instant the rain stopped and the sky cleared up.
__a→an__
2．It's impossible for her to have more free time to accompany her parents because her work takes on much of her time.
__on→up__
3．She showed a lack in responsibility, so she lost the good chance.
__in→of__
4．We must never lose the sight of the fact that man must live in harmony with nature.
__去掉第一个the__
5．Sales director is a position that communication ability is
just as important as sales skills.
__that→where__
6．Biting twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
__Bitting→Bitten__
Ⅳ. 教材原句
1．I have to remind myself__constantly__(constant) that I am really in AD 3008.
解析：句意：我不得不持续不断地提醒自己我真地在公元3008年。

修饰动词应用副词。

2．I can still remember the moment__when__the space stewardess called us to the capsule.
解析：先行词为moment，定语从句中缺少时间状语，故填when。

3．I found later__that__their leaves provided the room__with__muchneeded oxygen.
解析：第一空考查宾语从句。

从句中不缺句子成分且句意完整。

故填that；第二空考查固定句式“provide sb.with sth.”意为“为某人提供某物”。

4．Just as I tried to make the necessary adjustment__to__this new situation, Wang Ping appeared.
解析：make adjustment to“适应”。

5．Soon I was back__on__my feet again, and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer.
解析：be back on one's feet“恢复”。

6．__Arriving__(arrive) at a strangerlooking house, he showed me into a large, bright clean room.
解析：he与arrive为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填arriving。

7．My first visit was to a space station__considered__(consider) the most modern in space.
解析：句意：我首先参观的是一个被认为最现代化的太空站。

由句意可知应用过去分词作后置定语。

8．I stared at the moving model of the waste machine，__absorbed__(absorb) by its efficiency.
解析：主语I与absorb为被动关系，故应填过去分词作状语。

Ⅴ. 语篇填空
At first my new surroundings were difficult ①__to_tolerate__ (tolerate)．The air seemed thin, as though its combination of
gases had little oxygen left.Hit by ②__a__ lack of fresh air, my head ached.Just as I tried to make the necessary ③__adjustment__ (adjust) to this new situation, Wang Ping appeared.“Put on this mask，” h e advised.“It'll make you feel much better.” He handed ④__it__ to me and immediately hurried me through to a small room nearby for a rest.I felt ⑤__better__(good) in no time.Soon I was back ⑥__on__ my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage
⑦__driven__(drive) by computer.These carriages float
⑧__above__ the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat, you can move swiftly.Wang Ping fastened my safety belt ⑨__and__ showed me how to use it.Soon I could fly as fast as ⑩__him__.
Ⅵ. 话题写作
用本单元所学知识完成下列句子，并按照逻辑连成短文。

1．Getting trained in a_ space capsule was the first thing on the timetable.A guide fastened my safety belt and showed me how to use it.
时间表上的第一件事就是在太空舱里训练。

一个指导员给我系上安全带，并向我展示如何使用。

2．He flashed a switch on a computer screen, and the capsule began swinging gently sideways and then sped up .
他按了电脑屏幕上的一个开关，太空舱开始轻轻地向一边摇摆，然后加速。

3．Because I was hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.I was nervous and uncertain and I found the adjustment to space life difficult to tolerate .
由于缺乏新鲜空气，我的头很疼，我紧张不安，并且我发现对太空生活的调整很难忍受。

4．I felt much better in no time .I was back on my feet again.
我很快就感觉好多了，恢复过来了。

组篇公式：用非谓语形式和形容词作状语句式改写句3＋过渡词。

【参考答案】
Getting trained in a space capsule was the first thing on the timetable.A guide fastened my safety belt and showed me how to use it.Then he flashed a switch on a computer screen，and the capsule began swinging gently sideways and then sped up.Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.Nervous and uncertain，I found the adjustment to space life difficult to tolerate.But I felt much better in no time.I was back on my feet again.
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