新核心大学英语读写教程1课文翻译及课后题答案第五单元

新核⼼⼤学英语读写教程1课⽂翻译及课后题答案第五单元
Unit Five Benefits of Music
Ⅰ. Pre-listening Activities
Part 1
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■Script
The minds of young people are filled with eternal hope, which reflects in their musical creations. This can be clearly seen while watching them learn to play musical instruments and when they are performing. The combination of young minds and music brings joy and hope.
There have been a lot of studies conducted on the influence of music. In the elderly people, music has been shown to not only reduce tension and anxiety but also helps reduce the feeling of isolation and solitude. And a surprising revelation of this study was that the subjects enrolled for this study showed an increased production of human growth hormone, which has a positive effect on the side effects of aging like wrinkling, general aches and pains.
Health workers can draw an important inference from this study. It shows that group activity and interaction with others is important for staying healthy and having a better standard of living. It proves the long held belief that music is a means to link with our higher selves and thereby help us lead a healthy life that can be enjoyed to the fullest.
Ⅱ. Listening Tasks
Task 1 Understanding News Reports
1. D
2. A
3. B
4. C
5.B
6. C
7. A
■Script
News Item One
Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.
The World Bank has warned that 100 million more people will be pushed into poverty by 2030 unless action is taken to prevent global warming. It says global warming will ravage crops and fuel the spread of malaria and other diseases. Laura Becca reports from Washington.
“The World Bank says that climate change is already having an effect on the poorest people who are struggling to raise crops in extreme weather and low rainfall. They say the world’s poorer receive fewer resources and are woefully unprepared to deal with further climate shocks such as
rising seas or severe drought. They’re calling for more to be done to help those in need and they want world leaders to act to reduce carbon emissions. That report had been released just a few weeks before a UN climate summit in Paris.”Questions:
1. Which of the following statements about the impact of global warming is NOT true?
2. How are the world leaders supposed to help the poor according to the news?
News Item Two
Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.
Many parties and concerts at SXSW feature new music. This one honored Buddy Holly, the great singer and songwriter who died in 1959. He was only twenty-two when he died in a plane crash while on tour.
This event was organized by the Buddy Holy Foundation and its principal mover, Buddy Holly’s widow, M aria Elena Holly. The foundation’s aim, among others, is to help aspiring artists survive success.
Maria Elena says Buddy Holly had lost the rights to some of his own songs because he was new at the music business. She says the idea for the foundation came from Buddy himself.
Austin entertainment attorney Stephen Easley says the foundation tries to help aspiring musicians learn the business. The Buddy Holly Foundation will give an award beginning next year. It will include ten thousand dollars and free ma nagement services, and is named for Holly’s song, “Learning the Game”.
The Buddy Holly Foundation and Maria Elena Holly are encouraging musicians, young and old, to make sure that Buddy Holly’s music does not “fade away”.
Questions:
1. What do we learn about the Buddy Holy Foundation from the news report?
2. What will be the award given by the Buddy Holly Foundation?
News Item Three
Questions 1 to 3 will be based on the following news item.
Forbes magazine says there are now a record of 1226 billionaires on its annual rich list, compared with 140 when it was launched 25 years ago. The Mexican telecoms magnate Carlos Slim, who’s worth an estimated $69 billion, tops the list for the third year in a row followed by the software magnate Bill Gates and financier Warren Buffett. No Indian billionaires are in the top 10 this year, and the only Chinese one is the Hong Kong property magnate Li Ka-shing. Steve Forbes explains why.“Well, what it tells us is there’s a lot of churn. There hasn’t been a lot of growth in the economy in the last year. The number of billionaires went up 16, but yet some regions go down: China went down a little bit; Russia went down because of weak commodity prices. But the fact is there hasn’t been a lot of real vigorous growth in the worl d, and that’s reflected on the list this year.”
Questions:
1. How many billionaires were on the list when Forbes magazine was launched 25 years ago?
2. Who came first on the list for three consecutive years?
3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the news?
Task 2 Understanding a Long Conversations
Conversation One
1. D
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. D
Conversation One
1. B
2. B
3. B
4. D
■Script
Conversation One
M: How are your new neighbors, Jane?
W: They seem nice enough, but they have a son who’s driving me cra zy.
M: What happened?
W: He comes home every night around 10, and immediately plays some Rock and Roll loudly after he enters his house. But by then Brian and Lisa are wide awake.
M: Oh, no.
W: Oh, yes. Sometimes it takes us till mid-night just to get them settle down again.
M: Have you tried talking to them?
W: We have n’t even really met them yet except to say a quick hello. I hate to get off on the wrong foot.
M: You are not going to like them if you can not settle it as soon as possible.
W: I know, but I feel stupid complaining.
M: You said yourself it is driving you crazy.
W: Well, you know how early I have to get up to be here at the office. I’m just not getting enough sleep and neither are the kids. They’re so irritable when I get home in the afternoon.
M: Maybe you could go over sometime with a little gift—a plant for the yard or something. Then you could ask about their son whether they have any other c hildren and they’ll be sure to ask about yours.
W: Yeah, and then what?
M: Then you could mention that the hardest thing is getting your kids to get sleep at night.
W: And keeping them in the sleep.
M: That’s the idea. And you should do it soon. The longer you wait, the harder it’ll be to do politely.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1. What does the woman think of her new neighbors?
2. What bothers the woman according to the conversation?
3. Why is the woman reluctant to speak to her neighbors about the problem?
4. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the woman and her children?
5. What suggestion does the man offer?
Conversation Two
M: Is it difficult to be a top DJ? 22-year-old Jodie White thinks so. Jodie is a classical musician, but she learned how to be a DJ for a TV reality show, and she did it in just four weeks. Jodie, tell us what happened.
W: Well, I had a lot of help. Two experienced DJs helped me.
M: But what did you have to do?
W: First, I had to change my image. I was a bit unfashionable before, so I went shopping and bought new jeans and trainers. I also changed my hair.
M: Yes, you look very different now.
W: But buying new clothes was easy. It was more difficult playing the records.
M: It doesn’t look difficult.
W: That’s what I thought, but it is. I had to learn about pop music, about different groups, and I had to find songs that sounded good together. I was listening to hundreds of records every week.
M: Did you practice often?
W: Yes, I did. But I was disorganized and I made mistakes. The experienced DJs were very organized. They had all their records ready. People didn’t like the music I played and I was unhappy about that.
M: But you didn’t stop.
W: No, I didn’t. I wanted to get it right. I was playing records eight hours a day—I wasn’t practicing my flute at all!
M: Did it make a difference?
W: Yes it is. After four weeks, I was ready to be a real DJ.
M: How did you feel?
W: Well, I was feeling nervous when I arrived at the club. We started late and the people were impatient. They looked unfriendly, but when I started playing my music, it was great. People were dancing and enjoying themselves.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1. How long does it take for the woman to become a DJ?
2. What did the woman do to change her image?
3. What did the woman do in order to learn how to play the records?
4. How long did the woman spend in practicing playing records?
Task 3 Understanding Passages
Passage One
Listening for general information
1. 45minutes of relaxing music before bedtime
2. a 35% improvement in their sleep
Listening for specific information
1. B
2. D
3. A
4. D
5. C
■Script
Listening for general information
Forget counting sheep, next time you are having trouble dropping off to sleep, try putting on
a jazz CD. Researchers have shown just 45 minutes of relaxing music before bedtime can make for a restful night.
The Taiwanese researchers studied the sleeping patterns of 60 elderly people with sleep problems. They told the Journal of Advanced Nursing, how the technique was easy to learn and lacked the side-effects of other treatments. The study participants were either given a choice of music to listen to before going to sleep or nothing at all. The music group were able to choose from six tapes that featured soft, slow music—around 60-80 beats per minute—such as jazz, folk or orchestral pieces.
Listening to music caused physical changes that aided restful sleep, including a lower heart and respiratory rate, the researchers found. The people in the music group reported a 35% improvement in their sleep, including better and longer night-time sleep and less dysfunction during the day.
Listening for specific information
1. According to the passage, which of the following is the best when you have trouble getting to
sleep?
2. How many people participated in the study?
3. What advantage did the technique have in treating sleep problems?
4. What kind of music did people in the music group listen to?
5. What would listening to music probably result in according to the researchers?
Passage Two
Listening for general information
1. stimulate the mind
2. create a meditative mood
Listening for specific information
1. D
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. B
■Script
Listening for general information
Let’s face it—we all have some form of stress. Whether it’s due to work, school reports, family, or relationships, we could all use a break now and then. Yet in the hustle and bustle of everyday’s life, a lot of us can’t find the time to just drop everything and take it easy.
Well, what if someone told you that by just playing music from classical composers like Mozart, Strauss, or Vivaldi, you might find your job a little easier and that it is beneficial to your learning and mind relaxation. It can also reduce our levels of stress. Various studies of children have shown that those who receive music education or play a musical instrument often have increased academic skills. Don Campbell, author of The Mozart Effect, has dedicated himself to studying the effects of music on the mind and body. He counsels students that classical music playing in the background can help them concentrate for longer periods of time and memorize material more easily. He feels that Mozart’s music has a balance that makes it especially beneficial. But Campbell doesn’t stop with Mozart. He says that Bach can stimulate the mind, military marches can rev up the body, and religious music can help create a meditative mood. It’s important to find what works best for your situation.
So the next time you feel yourself overwhelmed with work and deadlines, or if you’re just finding it difficult to concentrate,
remember the power of music.
Listening for specific information
1. Why do people often suffer from stress according to the speaker?
2. Which of the following is not mentioned as the benefits of listening to classical music?
3. What does Don Campbell study?
4. What makes Mozart’s music especially beneficial?
5. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
Passage Three
Listening for general information
1. It means listening to a Mozart Sonata increases IQ.
2. Classical music, rock, hip hop, popular music etc.
Listening for specific information
1. A
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. B
■Script
Listening for general information
In 1993 researchers from the University of Wisconsin and UC Irvine discovered that listening to a Mozart Sonata increased IQ. This idea called the “Mozart Effect” has been confirmed by various studies around the world.
The study suggested that IQ rises 8 to 9 points when listening to Mozart compared to silence. Other studies have suggested improved test scores after listening to Mozart Piano Concertos. Why does this occur?
One reason is that classical music is generally very relaxing. Once the brain and body is relaxed, it is more receptive to new input. Classical music as opposed to silence or rock, hip hop or other popular music creates an environment that is conducive to cerebral activities.
Not all pieces of classical music are relaxing or create an environment for better cognitive abilities. However, compared to other genres of music, classical music has shown the most potential for increasing IQ.
Most classical music is “easy” to listen to, so much that it is sometimes considered “boring” compared to popular music. However, compared to other forms of popular music, it is less distracting. Therefore it helps improve focus while doing other activities.
Anecdotal evidence has shown that playing classical music to plants increases the speed and development of plant growth, and that playing classical music to babies increases the reasoning skills of the child.
Listening for specific information
1. When was the study conducted?
2. What happens to the brain when it is relaxed?
3. Why do people sometimes feel bored listening to classical music?
4. What will happen when playing classical music to plants?
5. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
Ⅴ. Learn English Through a Radio Program
1. summer is over
2. falling to the ground
3. the greatest songs
4. have recorded this song
5. a lovely version
6. darker days and lost love
7. the death of a father
8. more hopeful song
9. leaving the big city 10. the promise of new love ■Script
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Ⅵ. Song
1. angel
2. subway
3. crowded
4. caught
5. truth
■Script
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