课后练习 8-13树形图

often read detective stories
VP
Specifier
Head
Complement
DEG
V
NP
Mod
N
often
read
detective
stories
the argument against the proposals
NP
Head
Complement
essay
he
wrote
that
was
excellent
The essay that he wrote was excellent
CP C
S
NP
Infl
VP
NP
Det N C
CP
S NP Infl Pst
Pst
V
A
VP V NP
The
essay
that
he
wrote
e
was
excellent
Herbert bought a house she loved that.
Chapter 4 Textbook Exercises
P60-61
Ex.8
～ Ex.13
Exercise 8
Exercise 9 Exercise 10 Exercise 11
Exercise 12
Exercise 13
rich in minerals
AP
Head
Complement
ADJ
PREP
A
huge moon
hung
in
the
black
sky
The man examined his car carefully yesterday.
S
NP
Infl
VP
Det
N
Pst
V
NP
Mod
Mod
Det
N
The
man
examined
his
car
carefully yesterday
A wooden hut near the lake collapsed in the storm.
CP
S NP Infl VP
Pst Herbert bought
a
V loved
N e
house
that
she
The girl he adores whom majors in linguistics.
CP
C NP
NP Det N C NP CP S Infl
S
NonPst V P VP
VP
PP N
The
girl whom he
adores
e
majors
in
linguistics
You would come tomorrow.
CP
C S
NP
Infl
VP
V
Mod
N
You
would
come
tomorrow
Would you come tomorrow?
CP
C S
NP
Infl
VP
V
Mod
N
would
S
NP
Infl Pst VP
VP
AP
AP AP PP
Con AP
AP PP
P
NP
P
NP
Helen
is
fond
of
literature but
tired
of
statistics
You know that I hate war.
S NP Infl VP
N
Nonpst
V C
CP S'
NP Infl Nonpst V VP NP
S NP Infl VP
Det
Mod
N
V
NP
Mod
Pst
Det
N
A
crippled passenger
landed the airplane
with extreme caution
A huge moon hung in the black sky.
S NP Infl Pst Det Mod N V P Det PP NP Mod AP VP
S
NP
Infl Pst V
had
VP NP
wings
The
children
argued
over
whether bats
The essay he wrote that was excellent.
CP C
S
NP
Infl
VP
NP Det N C
CP S NP Infl Pst
Pst
V
A
VP V NP
The
You
e
come
tomorrow
Helen brought what to the party.
CP
C
NP Infl Pst
S
VP V NP CP
N
N
Helen
brought
what
to the party
What did Helen bring to the party.
CP NP C NP Infl S VP
V
VP CP C N Det CP NP
Chris
was
happy
that his
father
bought
him
a
Rolls-Royce
The children argued over whether bats had wings.
S
NP Det N
Infl V Pst Prep
VP PP CP
C
Pst
who
e
broke
the
Con
N
Jim
has
washed
the
dirty
shirts
and
pants
Helen put on her clothes and went out.
S
NP
Infl
Pst VP
VP
Con NP
VP
VP
Det
NP
Helen
put on
her
clothes
and
went out
Mary is fond of literature but tired of statistics.
Gerry
believes the
fact that Anna
flunked
the English
exam
Chris was happy that his father bought him a Rolls-Royce.
S
NP
Infl V
VP
AP
A Pst
C
CP S NP Det Pst NP Pst
CP C S
NP
Infl Pst V
VP NP
NP
Det N C
CP
S NP Infl VP
Pst Herbert bought
a
V
N
house
she
loved that
Herbert bought a house that she loved.
CP C S
NP
Infl Pst V
VP NP
NP
Det N C
S
NP
Infl
VP
Det
Mod
N
PP
Pst
V
PP
P
NP
P
NP
Det
N
Det
N
A
wooden hut near
the
lake
collapsed
in
the
storm
Jim has washed the dirty shirts and pants.
S
NP
Infl VP Det
VP NP Mod NP
N
You
know
that
I
hate
war
Gerry believes the fact that Ana flunked the English exam.
S
NP
Infl V
VP NP NP Det C CP
3rd person
singular
S NP Infl pst V
Det
N
VP NP
mod N
NP
PP
Det
N
Prep Det
NP N proposals
the
argument
against
the
already above the window
PP
Specifier
Head
Complement
DEG
PP
NP
DET
N
ALREADY
ABOVE
THE
WINDOW
A crippled passenger landed the airplane with extreme caution.
V
NonPst
N
The
girl
he
adores whom majors
in
linguistics
The girl whom he adores majors in linguistics.
CP
C NP
NP Det CP
S
NonPst V S NP Infl VP P
VP
PP N
N
C
V
NonPst
N
e
V
NP
CP
N
N
what
did
Helen
bring
e
to the party
Who broke the window?
S
NP Infl VP
Pst
V Det
NP N
window
who
broke
the
Who broke the window?
CP
NP
C
NP Infl
S
VP V Det NP N window