四级综合分类
大学英语4级题型分析大全
大学英语4级题型分析大全第一部分：听力长对话题型分析听力长对话（Long Conversations）的长度一般在6-20句之间，字数在120-25 0字之间。
针对每篇长对话的问题可能会有2-5个。
与短对话相比，长对话涉及的内容更深入，人物态度，语气，情感变化更复杂，一般不能简单依赖某个关键词来判断整篇对话的含义。
一人一句的短对话涉及的只是一个“点”，而长对话涉及的是一个“面”。
短对话的答案一般是“显而易见”的，而长对话有时更依赖于推断和判断。
尽管如此，长对话必然有一个中心议题，中心议题正是该“面”的凝聚点，对话双方都是围绕该中心而展开话题，对于长对话而言，做出正确选择的关键就是把握住对话的中心思想。
由于对话较多，长对话的场景就显得格外重要，准确判断对话的场景（situati on），对把握对话的中心思想是非常有帮助的。
这里所谈到的场景，是指人物，身份或职业，议论的问题，时间，地点等等的综合概念。
清晰的场景会在考生头脑中形成氛围，容易把握对话的发展脉络，使对话情节的发展更加顺理成章。
对长对话的题型分析，不易于采取诸如：“关键词，因果关系，But转折，情感，态度”等分类方法。
根据多年的实践经验，依据场景的不同，对长对话进行分类，有助于考生对“面’的把握能力的提高。
下面是对长对话经常涉及到的几种情况做了归类，主要分成三大类：学习相关类，生活相关类和工作相关类。
顾名思义，学习相关类与学习有密切联系，比如：选课，考试，论文等；生活相关类主要涉及到家庭，校院生活，娱乐，运动等；生活相关类多是找工作，面试等题材。
下面列举几个常用典型场景的题型。
学习相关类学习相关类往往是长对话的重点。
内容粗略可分为教务场景，选课场景，补课场景和论文场景等。
（1）教务场景场景人物：由教师（导师）或学监等教务人员向学生说明一些学校课程的安排情况。
场景涉及内容：学期计划，调课信息，考试安排，课程介绍等。
解题思路：教务人员总是细致地描述各项事务的细节问题，时间，地点，计划推迟或变更的原因往往是考查的重点。
6月大学英语四级考试题型介绍
自2013年12月考次起，全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会将对四、六级考试的试卷结构和测试题型作局部调整。
英语四级考试题型包括四大部分：作文、听力理解、阅读理解、翻译。
一、题型结构大学英语四级和六级的试卷结构、测试内容、测试题型、分值比例和考试时间如下表所示：二、题型描述1)写作写作部分测试学生用英语进行书面表达的能力，所占分值比例为15%，考试时间30分钟。
写作测试选用考生所熟悉的题材，要求考生根据所提供的信息及提示(如：提纲、情景、图片或图表等)写出一篇短文，四级120-180词，六级150-200词。
2)听力理解听力理解部分测试学生获取口头信息的能力。
录音材料用标准的英式或美式英语朗读，语速四级约每分钟130词，六级约每分钟150词。
听力部分分值比例为35%，其中对话占15%，短文占20%。
考试时间30分钟。
对话部分包括短对话和长对话，采用多项选择题的形式进行考核。
短对话有8段，每段提一个问题;长对话有2段，每段提3-4个问题;对话部分共15题。
每段对话均朗读一遍，每个问题后留有13-15秒的答题时间。
短文部分包括短文理解及单词和词组听写。
短文理解有3篇，采用多项选择题的形式进行考核。
四级每篇长度为220-250词，六级为 240-270词。
每篇短文朗读一遍，提3-4个问题，每个问题后留有13-15秒的答题时间，共10题。
单词及词组听写采用1篇短文，四级的长度为220-250词，六级为240-270词。
要求考生在听懂短文的基础上用所听到的原文填写空缺的单词或词组，共10题。
短文播放三遍。
3)阅读理解阅读理解部分包括1篇长篇阅读和3篇仔细阅读，测试学生在不同层面上的阅读理解能力，包括理解篇章或段落的主旨大意和重要细节、综合分析、推测判断以及根据上下文推测词义等能力。
该部分所占分值比例为35%，其中长篇阅读占10%，仔细阅读占25%。
考试时间40分钟。
长篇阅读部分采用1篇较长篇幅的文章，总长度四级约1000词，六级约1200词。
特殊物品abcd四级分类标准
特殊物品abcd四级分类标准一、引言特殊物品在现代社会中日益增多，为了更好地管理和监管特殊物品的流通和使用，各国纷纷建立了相应的分类标准。
在我国，特殊物品的分类标准主要采用了abcd四级分类标准，这一分类标准旨在根据特殊物品的性质和用途将其划分为不同的等级，以便进行更加精细化的管理。
二、a级特殊物品1. 定义a级特殊物品是指具有较高危险性和敏感性的特殊物品，可能对人体健康和社会安全造成严重威胁的物品。
这些物品通常需要特殊的许可和监管，并且只能由具有特定资质的单位或个人进行生产、销售和使用。
2. 具体范围a级特殊物品包括但不限于：- 放射性物质：包括核材料、放射性同位素等放射性物质，通常用于医疗、科研和工业领域。
- 毒品和精神药品：包括各类毒品和精神药品，如海洛因、可卡因、安非他明等。
- 生物制品：包括各类病原体、毒素和疫苗等，通常用于医药领域。
3. 管理要求a级特殊物品的管理要求非常严格，生产、销售和使用这些物品的单位或个人必须取得相关的许可和资质，严格遵守相关的法律法规和标准，确保特殊物品的安全和合法性。
三、b级特殊物品1. 定义b级特殊物品是指具有一定危险性和敏感性的特殊物品，可能对人体健康和社会安全造成一定威胁的物品。
这些物品需要一定的许可和监管，但相对于a级特殊物品来说，管理要求较为灵活。
2. 具体范围b级特殊物品包括但不限于：- 爆炸物品：包括各类火药、炸药和烟花爆竹等。
- 危险化学品：包括各类易燃、易爆、腐蚀、毒害化学品等。
3. 管理要求b级特殊物品的管理要求相对宽松一些，但依然需要严格遵守相关的法律法规和标准，确保特殊物品的安全和合法性。
相关单位和个人需要经过相关部门的认可和登记，方可生产、销售和使用这些物品。
四、c级特殊物品1. 定义c级特殊物品是指具有一定特殊性质和用途的物品，需要特殊许可和监管的物品。
这些物品通常对人体健康和社会安全造成较小威胁，但仍然需要谨慎管理。
2. 具体范围c级特殊物品包括但不限于：- 各类农药和兽药：包括杀虫剂、杀菌剂、除草剂等农药，以及抗生素、疫苗等兽药。
大学英语四级综合分类模拟试卷(含答案)
大学英语四级综合分类模拟试卷Part ⅠWritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Being Punctual. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.1、守时的表现，(2) 不守时的表现及危害。
Part ⅡClozeDirections: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices markedA.,B.,C. andD. on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.We usually think of pollution as a harmful waste substance that threatens the air and water. 2 some people have become 3 about another kind of pollution. It can be everywhere, depending on the time of day. 4 it is not thought of as a 5 . It is light.The idea of light pollution has 6 with the increase of 7 in cities. In many areas, this light makes it 8 to observe stars and planets in the night sky. In 1922, the International Dark-Sky Association formed. This organization wants to reduce light pollution in the 9 sky. It also 10 the effective use of electric lighting.Light pollution is the 11 of wasted energy. Bright light that shines into the sky is not being used to provide light 12 it is needed on Earth. 13 designed 14 causes a great deal of light pollution. Lights that are brighter than 15 also cause light pollution.Most people in America are 16 to find out that they are not able to see our own galaxy, The Milky Way, with their own eyes. 17 about three-fourths of Americans cannot see the Milky Way because of 18 light.Objects in the night sky are 19 that provide everyone 20 wonder. But light pollution threatens to prevent those wonderful sights 21 being seen.2、A. So B. But C. And D. Hence3、A. concerned B. careful C. considerable D. thankful4、A. If B. Therefore C. So D. And5、A. material B. thing C. matter D. substance6、A. disappeared B. developed C. evolved D. occurred7、A. lights B. noises C. pollutions D. buildings8、A. difficult B. easy C. possible D. able9、A. day B. night C. blue D. dark10、A. removes B. relieves C. discourages D. urges11、A. source B. result C. cause D. progress12、A. where B. that C. which D. that13、A. Carefully B. Purposely C. deliberately D. Poorly14、A. airing B. lights C. building D. lighting15、A. conditions B. necessary C. days D. inquired16、A. surprised B. disappointed C. unlikely D. impossible17、A. Then B. Also C. But D. Therefore18、A. moon B. star C. man-made D. natural19、A. lights B. resources C. channels D. pollutions20、A. of B. on C. with D. for21、A. to B. on C. for D. fromPart ⅢTranslationDirections: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.22、As the course becomes more difficult and demanding, there is usually ______ (出勤率相应下降)。
四级分类法
四级分类法是一种常用的层次分类方法，通常用于组织和整理大量的信息、数据或对象。
它将事物按照不同的特征或属性进行层次化划分，分为四个层级。
以下是四级分类法的常见表示方式：
第一级分类：将事物按照最大的区别或共同特征进行分类，形成一级分类。
这一级别通常是大的类别或领域。
例如，在动物分类中，第一级分类可以是动物界、植物界等。
第二级分类：在第一级分类的基础上，按照更具体的特征或属性进行分类，形成二级分类。
这一级别通常是第一级分类的子类别。
例如，在动物分类中，第二级分类可以是哺乳动物纲、鸟纲等。
第三级分类：在第二级分类的基础上，按照更具体的特征或属性进行分类，形成三级分类。
这一级别通常是第二级分类的子类别。
例如，在动物分类中，第三级分类可以是猫科、犬科等。
第四级分类：在第三级分类的基础上，按照更具体的特征或属性进行分类，形成四级分类。
这一级别通常是第三级分类的子类别或具体类别。
例如，在动物分类中，第四级分类可以是虎、狮、豹等。
四级分类法可以根据实际情况进行调整和灵活运用，具体的分类标准和层次可以根据需求和目的进行设置。
它可以帮助组织和管理信息，使得分类更加有条理和易于理解。
12月英语四级分数分配及比例「详解」优选份
12月英语四级分数分配及比例「详解」优选份12月英语四级分数分配及比例「详解」1【总分：710分】一、英语四级作文说明：写作部分占整套试卷的15% =106.5分在这部分你要达到63.9分为及格。
时间：30分钟二、听力部分=248.5分1、听力部分占整套试题的35%，每个题都是7.1分。
2 、短对话8% 8个题目每小题7.1分。
3、长对话7% 分为2段，每段3-4个题，共7小题，每小题7.1份。
4、短文理解10% 共10个小题，每小题7.1份。
5、短文听写10%共10个小题，每小题7.1份。
三、综合部分35% =248.5分说明：1、选词填空5%10个题，每小题3.55分2、长篇阅读10% 10个题，每小题7.1份。
3、仔细阅读20% 共2篇，一篇5个题，每小题7.1份。
四、翻译部分汉译英15% 30分钟=106.5分预测还是段落翻译，106.5分。
阳光大学生网祝您顺利通过英语四级考试！有时候你必须硬着头皮，朝着你坚持的东西走下去！加油！同学们！12月英语四级分数分配及比例「详解」2===总分：710分===一、英语四级作文说明：写作部分占整套试卷的15% =106.5分在这部分你要达到63.9分为及格。
时间：30分钟二、英语四级听力部分=248.5分1、听力部分占整套试题的35%，每个题都是7.1分。
2 、短对话8% 8个题目每小题7.1分。
3、长对话7%。
分为2段，每段3-4个题，共7小题，每小题7.1份。
4、短文理解10% 共10个小题，每小题7.1份。
5、短文听写10% 共10个小题，每小题7.1份。
三、英语四级综合部分35% =248.5分说明：1、选词填空5% 10个题，每小题3.55分2、长篇阅读10% 10个题，每小题7.1份。
3、仔细阅读20% 共2篇，一篇5个题，每小题7.1份。
四、英语四级翻译部分汉译英15% 30分钟=106.5分预测还是段落翻译，106.5分。
12月英语四级分数分配及比例「详解」31、学单词单词不必照单词本背，效果不好，背单词的目的是会用，不会用等于白背。
大学英语四级考试综合分类模拟试题(含答案)
大学英语四级考试综合分类模拟试题Part ⅠWritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Cooperation and Competition. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.1、有人认为人生最好的准备，就是学会与他人合作。
有些人则持相反意见，认为只有竞争中有成功。
谈谈你的看法，并说明原因。
Part ⅡError correctionDirections: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧)in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (—)in the blank.One of the three major commercial networks, CBS were 1. ______organized in 1928 when its founder William Paley acquiredownership of a group of radio station. 2. ______As the Columbia Broadcasting System expanded itsoperations, soon become the largest radio network in the United 3. ______States, it precociously recognized the potential for the rapidlyevolved television broadcasting technology. On July 13th, 1931, 4. ______ it began experimentally television broadcasting in New York, 5. ______ and ten years later began regular black and white week 6. ______ broadcasts over its WCBW TV station in the same city, that 7. ______ became WCBS TV in November 1946. With Television City inHollywood, CBS launched the industry's first full scaleproduction studio.Today CBS owns television stations, radio stations, andhome video productions and distribution interests. The CBSBroadcasting Group composed of six divisions: television 8. ______ network, entertainment, sports, news, local television stations,andradio.For most of commercial television history, CBS has beenthe leader in prime time ratings, having the highest ratedshows in almost every year from the mid-1950s through themid-1914s. During the late 1914s, however, CBS lost its topposition from NBC. 9. ______CBS has traditionally been strong in the TV news area. Thenetwork began the first regular TV news program in 1948 withDouglas Edwards as anchor. Journalism legends such as EdwardR. Murrow and Walter Cronkite gave CBS its reputation asquality news broadcaster. 10. ______Part ⅢTranslationDirections: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.12、The Beijing 2008 Olympics will be noted for ____________________ (注入文化、科技元素).13、Things are back to normal since we ____________________ (还清所有债务).14、The regulation will ____________________ (同样适用于) men and women except when in case of maternity leave(产假).15、The schoolmaster's smiling face ____________________(让我放松下来).16、____________________ (不论是什么建议), he will turn a deaf ear to them.答案:Part ⅠWriting1、Cooperation and CompetitionAs we proceed through life, we are faced with many types of situations. Each situation requires us to behave in different ways. We may be faced with a large project which, in order to be accomplished efficiently, demands the cooperation of each person. In this instance, we must be flexible, supportive, and be willing to compromise. Each person is only a small part of a much larger machine.Being competitive also plays a role in life. The desire for success inspires us to work harder. If there was no competition, a sports meeting will never be exciting and successful; we could never have champions.To succeed in life, we must learn to be both cooperative and competitive. The most important thing to learn in life is to know when to be cooperative and when to be competitive.Part ⅡError correction2、were→was3、station→stations4、become→becoming5、evolved→evolving6、experimentally→experimental7、week →weekly8、that→which9、Group ∧composed→is 10、from→to 11、as ∧quality→aPart ⅢTranslation12、its injection of culture and technology elements 13、paid off all our debts 14、apply equally to 15、put/made me at ease 16、whatever the suggestion is。
十级分类划分标准
十级分类划分标准摘要：一、引言二、十级分类划分标准的概念与背景三、十级分类划分标准的具体内容1.一级分类：综合2.二级分类：哲学、社会科学3.三级分类：自然科学总论4.四级分类：医药、卫生5.五级分类：农业科学6.六级分类：工业技术7.七级分类：交通运输8.八级分类：环境科学、安全科学9.九级分类：语言文字10.十级分类：艺术四、十级分类划分标准在学术研究和实际应用中的意义五、结语正文：一、引言在我国，图书资料的分类体系采用了十级分类划分标准，这一标准对于整理、归纳和研究各类知识具有重要作用。
本文将对这一划分标准进行详细解读，以期帮助大家更好地了解和应用这一标准。
二、十级分类划分标准的概念与背景十级分类划分标准，是我国在图书分类领域长期实践的基础上，总结经验，不断改进和完善而形成的一种科学的分类方法。
这一标准将图书资料分为十个层次，从综合到具体，从抽象到具象，涵盖了各个学科领域，有利于对知识进行精细化管理。
三、十级分类划分标准的具体内容1.一级分类：综合一级分类主要包括综合性图书，如字典、百科全书等。
2.二级分类：哲学、社会科学二级分类包括哲学、宗教、社会科学总论、政治、法律、军事等学科。
3.三级分类：自然科学总论三级分类涵盖自然科学的各个领域，如数学、物理学、化学、地球科学、天文学等。
4.四级分类：医药、卫生四级分类主要涉及医学、药学、卫生学等领域的图书。
5.五级分类：农业科学五级分类包括农学、林学、畜牧兽医、水产、农业工程等农业科学领域的图书。
6.六级分类：工业技术六级分类涵盖了工程技术、电子技术、通信技术、自动化技术、计算机技术等领域的图书。
7.七级分类：交通运输七级分类主要涉及铁路、公路、水路、航空等交通运输领域的图书。
8.八级分类：环境科学、安全科学八级分类包括环境科学、安全科学、灾害防治等领域的图书。
9.九级分类：语言文字九级分类涵盖语言学、文字学、语音学、修辞学等语言文字领域的图书。
四级作文分类介绍
１）有些人认为某些数字会带来好运 ２）我认为好运和数字无关，．．．
１９９９年１月
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: Don’t Hesitate to Say “No”. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline below:
１）越来越多的人喜欢过“洋节日” ２）对于中国人过“洋节日”的做法，有人 赞 同，有人反对 ３）你的观点是什么，说明理由．
２．问题解决题型
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: How to Solve the Housing Problem in Big Cities. You should write at least 120 words based on the outline given below in Chinese.
２００２年１月
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: A Letter to the University President about t he Canteen Service on Campus. You should write at least 100 words and base your composition on the outline below: 假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一 封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、 服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼 而有之。
初中综合素质评价思想品德四级指标
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10分
2.能正确认识自己，爱惜自己的身体，有 良好的生活习惯，不吸烟、不喝酒。 3.能主动向周围的同学、朋友宣传生命的 意义与价值。
1.具有基本的环保常识和意识，了解保护
保护环境 10分
环境的重要性和必要性。 2.积极参加班级、学校、社区组织的垃圾 分类及其他环保活动。
3.爱惜花草树木，自觉维护环境卫生。
1.尊老爱幼、孝敬父母，主动分担家务， 自己的事自己做。 2.宽以待人，与同学友好相处，不欺凌侮 仁爱友善 辱同学。 10分 3.心胸开阔，有正常的人格，有爱心，主 动传递善举。 4.在公共场合能主动给老弱病残孕幼让座 。
大学英语四级分类模拟题488
大学英语四级分类模拟题488(总分：217.50，做题时间：90分钟)一、Part Ⅰ Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Suppose you are going to choose your major. Will you choose the one that promises you a better job or the one that you are more interested in?（分数：20.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：()解析：[参考范文]Millions of college students graduate every year in China. However, news about "job crisis faced by college graduates" has begun to hit the headline. As picking the right college major is of great importance to secure a future job, what standard should we apply to the selection of a major? In my opinion, interest is the best teacher. Your campus life won"t be fruitful if you choose a major that you don"t like but is highly recommended by your parents. It is true that you have to factor in the job prospect because the major of your choice determines the spectrum of employment opportunities. But how can you be qualified for any job when you don"t even like it? On the contrary, a major of your interest will motivate you to hone your skills and enable you to land an ideal job.All in all, I prefer to choose a major of my interest. Only by doing what I like can I enjoy the happiness of life, which is what we live for. Doesn"t it make sense?二、Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Just one extra year of schooling makes someone 10% less likely to attend a church, mosque or temple, pray alone or describe himself as religious, concludes a paper published on October 6th that looks at the relationship between religiosity and the length of time spent in school. It uses changes in the compulsory school-leaving age in 11 European countries between 1960 and 1985 to tease out the impact of time spent in school on belief and practice among respondents to the European Social Survey, a long-running research project.By comparing people of similar backgrounds who were among the first to stay on longer, the authors could be reasonably certain that the extra schooling actually caused religiosity to fall, rather than merely being correlated with the decline. During those extra years mathematics and science classes typically become more rigorous, points out Naci Mocan, one of the authors—and increased exposure to analytical thinking may weaken the tendency to believe.Another paper, published earlier this year, showed that after Turkey increased compulsory schooling from five years to eight in 1997, women"s propensity(倾向，习性) to identify themselves as religious, cover their heads or vote for an Islamic party fell by 30 - 50%. And a study published in 2011 that looked at the rise in the school-leaving age in Canadian provinces in the 1950s and 1960s found that each extra year of schooling led to a decline of four percentage points in the likelihood of identifying with a religious tradition. Longer schooling, it reckoned, explains most of the increase in non-affiliation to any religion in Canada between 1971 and 2001, from 4% of the population to 16%.The most recent paper also showed that each extra year in the classroom led to a drop of 11 percentage points in superstitious practices, though these remain common. Two-fifths of respondents said they consulted horoscopes (星象算命), and a quarter thought that lucky charms could protect them. Other research has shown that religious beliefs and practices seem to make people happier, and in some circumstances healthier and wealthier, too. But to argue that such benefits more than offset the gains from extra education would require a leap of faith.（分数：71.00）(1).What"s the passage mainly about?（分数：14.20）cation makes people committed to religion.B.Schooling reduces people"s superstitious practices.C.Researches are conducted on schooling and religion.D.Extra schooling makes people less religious and superstitious. √解析：[解析] 主旨大意题。
人力资源管理师四级综合复习资料
人力资源管理师(四级）综合复习资料第一章人力资源规划1、简述企业组织信息采集和处理的方法？答：信息采集的方法：1、询问法，包括当面调查询问法、电话调查法、会议调查询问法、邮寄调查询问法、问卷调查询问法。
2、观察法，包括直接观察法、行为记录法简述工作岗位写实的步骤方法？答:工作岗位写实分为三个阶段.1)根据岗位写实的目的，确定写实对象.2）进行初步岗位调查。
3)制定出写实工作计划，规定好具体的写实程序何步骤，设计出写实调查表，做好书写板、计时器等所需仪器的准备工作，明确规定划分工作事项的标准，以及各类工时消耗的代号、编码，以便于登记记录数据资料. 4）培训写实人员，使其熟练掌握岗位写实的技术和技巧。
5)写实人员要把写实的意图和要求向写实对象讲清楚，以便取得他们的积极配合.从上班开始，一直到下班结束，将整个工作日的活动情况毫无遗漏地记录下来，以保证写实的完整性。
(1)计算各活动事项消耗的时间.（2)对所有观察事项进行分类,通过汇总计算出每一类工时的合计数。
(3)编制岗位写实汇总表，在分析、研究各类人力资源规划的内容:战略规划、组织规划、制度规划、人员规划、费用规划企业信息采集和处理的基本原则：准确性、系统性、针对性、及时性、适用性、经济性简述企业组织信息采集的程序？,确定调研的主题内容和范围。
初步情况分析;非正式调研；确定调研目标。
采集资料信息的来源和方法；设计调查问卷和抽样方法;实地调查，又称现场调查。
企业组织信息的分析：可靠性分析、数理统计分析、经济学分析 (swot)。
调研报告的撰写必须坚持真实完整客观和适用的原则,应注意：必须明确说明调研资料的来源、必须说明对资料进行统计分析的方法、必须说明被调查对象的具体情况、必须对企业组织信息进行分类企业组织信息的应用：企业组织信息的传输、存储、检索2、现代企业组织结构的类型:（1)直线型：最简单的集权式组织结构形式，领导关系按垂直系统建立，不设立专门的职能机构，自上而下形成垂直领导与被领导关系.优点：结构简单、责任关系明确、横线联系少、内部协调容易、信息沟通迅速、管理效率高；缺点：组织结构缺乏弹性、组织内部缺乏横向交流、缺乏专业化分工不利于管理水平的提高、要求领导必须是经营管理人才.适用范围：只适用于那些规模较小或业务活动简单稳定的企业。
大学英语-大学英语四级分类模拟题47.doc
大学英语四级分类模拟题47Listening ComprehensionSection AQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.1> A. Suggestions for the global village.B.The increased melting of icecap in North Pole.C.The explorer's exploring into the Arctic.D.The scientific research in Cambridge University.2、 A. People maintain the harmony between the human and the earth.B.People in the global village do something to stop ice from melting.C.The researchers in Cambridge University do more researches.D.There is more and more concern and attention on global community. Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.3、 A. 57. B. 54. C. 3. D. 1.4、 A. Died B. Being captured. C. Being imprisoned. D. Survived.Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.5、 A. The Paris of the West.B.The heroism of the survivors.C.100th anniversary of the Great Earthquake.D.The immense destruction.6、 A. The earthquake began at 5:00 am.B.The first small shock lasted for one minute.C.Historian Eileen Keremitsis survived the earthquake.D.The earthquake center was in the ocean.7、 A. The massive shaking degree.B.The uncontrolled three-day fires.C.The panic of men, women and children.D.The flood caused by the quake.Section BConversation OneQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8、 A. Make phone calls to promote sales.B.Arrange business negotiations.C• Take orders over the phone.D. Handle complaints from customers.9、 A. Customers' questions could not be answered on the same day.B.Conflicts between them could not be properly solved.C.Customers often mistook one for the other.D.They had different business strategies.10> A. He answers it all by himself.B.He asks them to call back in the afternoon.C.He has the question answered.D.He tells them that he can't offer any help.11> A. They are given two weeks each.B.They like to spend it together.C.They have to take it by turns.D.They each take a week.Conversation TwoQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 12> A. At a road crossing.B.Near a school.C.Outside a police station.D.In front of a kindergarten.13> A. He did not notice it.B.He drove too fast to read it.C.It says 45 miles an hour.D.It is not clearly visible.14、 A. It should have been renewed two months ago.B.It actually belongs to somebody else.C.It is no longer valid.D.It is not genuine.15> A. He was fined $35.B.He got a ticket.C.He had his driver's license canceled.D.He had to do two weeks' community service.Section CPassage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16> A. They behave as if their memories have failed totally.B.They grab whatever they think is a good bargain.C.They become excited as if they had never been there.D.They care more about an item's price than its use.17、 A. Those with a VIP card.B.Those paying in cash.C.Those needing assistance.D.Those with 15 items or less.18> A. Change the items they have picked up.B.Go back and pick up more items.C.Take out some unwanted purchases.D.Calculate the total cost of the groceries.19> A. It requires tolerance.B.It calls for carefulness.C.It involves communication skills.D.It needs a good knowledge of math.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard. 20、 A. A short presentation clearly delivered.B. A package of ideas formally presented.C. A clever use of visual aids in presentation.D. A natural and spontaneous style of speech.21> A. The skillful use of gestures and facial expressions.B.Differences in style between writing and speaking.C.The importance of preparation.D.Different preferences of audiences.22、 A. The key to becoming a good speaker.B.The increasing importance of public speaking.C.The significance of cross-cultural communication.D.The differences between American and Asian cultures.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23、 A. By being given constant praise.B.By observing what their teachers do.C.By being repeatedly corrected by adults.D.By comparing his performance with others'.24、 A. All children should have equal opportunities.B.It is only natural for children to make errors.C.Children cannot detect their own mistakes.D.The best students are usually smart by nature.25、 A. It is unhelpful to students' learning.B.It is unhealthy to students' upbringing.C.It is beneficial to independent children.D.It is favorable to knowledge accumulation.答案：Listening ComprehensionSection A1、B［听力原文］Research into the icecap of North Pole has found that it is melting so quickly that the Arctic Ocean could lose most of its ice during summeT time in as little as ten years. Scientists of Cambridge University say recent explorationto the Arctic led by explorer Pen Hadow found ice was much thinner than expected andless dense, subject to rapid melting. Mr. Hadow said the finding should act as a wake-up call.The long-term view for the global community, this is definitely not good news . But if we can see this for what it is which is the biggest visual cue that we are going to get to manage OUT relationship with the planet better, then that is a good thing.What is this news item mainly about?［解析］主旨大意题。
大学英语四级分类模拟题347
大学英语四级分类模拟题347Reading ComprehensionSince early colonial times American people have shown a great concern for education. There were a very high proportion of educated men among the first settlers. In the Massachusetts colony in the early 1600s, there was an average of one university man to every 40 or 50 families—much higher than in England. Some of these men, many of whom graduated from Cambridge, came together and founded Harvard College in 1636, 140 years before American Independence. Before the Revolution in 1776, nine colleges had already been opened in the colonies, and most of them later became universities.Within thirty years of the first settlement in Massachusetts, all towns were required to hire a schoolmaster at public expense. Other colonies also prepared for flee public schools. Throughout the 17th century, for instance, free schools had been established in a number of places. In 1787 the Continental Congress asked every new township to reserve one plot of land for public schools. By 1900, there were almost a thousand institutions of higher education in the U.S. Among them were law and medical schools and hundreds of small, four-year liberal art colleges. One of the latter, Oberlin College, which was founded in 1837 in Ohio, was the first to admit women on an equal basis with men.Today, about 43 million pupils and students attend public elementary and secondary schools, which do not charge tuition but rely on local and state taxes for funding. And another 6 million attend private schools, for which their parents pay tuition. Four out of five private schools are run by religious groups, where religious instruction is part of the curriculum. There are also a small but growing number of parents who educate their children themselves at home, a practice known as home schooling. Every year, about 12 million Americans are enrolled in the over 3,000 colleges and universities of every type. Nearly 80 percent of the college students attend public institutions, while a little over 20 percent are enrolled in privately supported universities and colleges. The early emphasis given to education remains today. United Nations figures 1 show that in the amount spent on education per capita, the U.S. is in the ninth place in the world.1、 Who founded Harvard College?A. Many Cambridge graduates.B. Some men who graduated from universities.C. Some first settlers who were educated in Massachusetts.D. Many Americans with a great concern for education.2、 What was every new town required to do in the late 18th century?A. To establish flee schools in many places.B. To prepare for teachers at public expense.C. To keep one plot of land for public schools.D. To make provisions for free public schools.3、 What types of parents are small but growing in number?A. Parents who educate their children themselves at home.B. Parents rich enough to send their children to private schools.C. Parents who pay tuition for schools run by religious group.D. Parents who don't like to practice home schooling.4、 Why don't parents need to pay tuition for public elementary and secondary schools?A. The schools are run by rich religious groups.B. The schools have about 43 million pupils and students.C. The schools are free from taxes and can save a lot of money.D. The schools depend on local and state taxes for funding.5、 Which of the following statements is true?A. It was not until American Independence that the first college was founded in America.B. Oberlin College was the first law school to admit women on an equal basis with men.C. About 20 percent of the American college students are enrolled in privately supported universities and colleges every year.D. The United States is in the ninth place in amount of time spent on education a year.So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that "reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible."Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity: It can be seen and observed.Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the word of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny. If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest (追求) for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. "Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children."When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.6、 The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that ______.A. it is one of the most difficult school coursesB. students spend endless hours in readingC. reading tasks are assigned with little guidanceD. too much time is spent on teaching about reading7、 The teaching of reading will be successful if ______.A. teachers can improve conditions at school for the studentsB. teachers can enable students to develop their own way of readingC. teachers can devise the most efficient system for readingD. teachers can make their teaching activities observable8、 The word "scrutiny" (Line 3, Para.3) most probably means "______".A. inquiryB. observationC. controlD. suspicion9、 According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ______.A. children become highly motivatedB. teacher and learner roles are interchange ableC. teaching helps children in the search for knowledgeD. reading enriches children's experience10、 The main idea of the passage is that ______.A. teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to readB. teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possibleC. reading ability is something acquired rather than taughtD. reading is more complicated than generally believedThoreau said education often made straight-cut ditches out of twisting small streams. But not at the EcoDorm, which houses 36 undergraduates and is the spiritual heart of Warren Wilson College, a liberal-arts school of fewer than 1,000 students in Swannanoa, N.C.In recent years, colleges like Warren Wilson took a leading role in the sustainability movement, which seeks to develop a durable human relationship with the environment. More than 600 U.S. colleges and universities have signed up for a pledge to become carbon neutral. Ninety dorms are now LEED certified, the most widely accepted national standard for green design. The EcoDorm is one of only two student residences that have LEED's highest rating.Two Warren Wilson students first proposed the dorm a decade ago. Undergraduates on the planning committee initially suggested that it be built with corncobs or straw. The design, by Asheville-based Samsel Architects, required compromises—as well as a number of creative solutions. The wood used for building the walls was harvested from campus trees that were suffering from a certain disease. The kitchen cabinets were made from recycled fence posts. Rainwater is collected into a disused railway tanker car and pumped back into the house to clean the low-flow toilets. Two toilets, which convert decaying organic matter to fertilizer, are also available on the second floor; students shovel in wood chips after they use them. The EcoDorm consumes nearly two-thirds less electricity than would a conventional building of the same size.Margo Flood, the executive director of Warren Wilson's Environmental Leadership Center, says those who apply to live there "see an integration between their actions and their values." They pledge not to use hair dryers. Their music does not have its sound made louder electronically. The residents plant and harvest scores of fruits and vegetables in their garden.The EcoDorm's residents speak of the comfort of finding a home where their values are shared. "I didn't have to worry about paper towels being wasted or feeling bad about drying my clothes outside," Jeremy Lekich, a senior who oversees the dorm's garden, says. "Basically, it has made my life easier."11、 What is the aim of the sustainability movement?A. To persuade university to become carbon neutral.B. To develop durable dorms for undergraduates.C. To boost harmonious human-environment relationship.D. To play a leading role in protecting environment.12、 What do we learn about Warren Wilson College?A. It has ninety LEED certified student residences.B. It has one of the most sustainable dorms.C. It established the first green student residences.D. It can provide dorms for only a few students.13、 The design by Asheville-based Samsel Architects required compromises in ______.A. the electricity provided for the dormB. the means of collecting rainwaterC. the appearance design of the buildingD. the building materials of the dorm14、 What do the EcoDorm's residents have in common?A. Their desire for comfort.B. Their belief in the importance of actions.C. Their values on the environment.D. Their ways of fulfilling their ideals.15、 What is allowed to do in the EcoDorm?A. Use hair dryers.B. Dry clothes outdoors.C. Play music loudly with electronic equipment.D. Use electricity in the day time.College-bound American high school students usually have some combination of parents, teachers, guidance counselors, or peers to support them in the tough process of applying to and beginning college. Unfortunately, adults who want to go to college—particularly adults who have been out of school for a long time—generally have no such support system. "Adults have a much harder time starting out in college because, unlike regular students, they have adult obligations—raising children and working full time—that often conflict with the demands of school," says Deepa Rao, a World Education expert. "Also, adults who have been out of school for a long time may not be academically prepared for college level work. Some have little exposure to technologies like email and Internet research, which are an increasing part of college communication and courses. They may be unaware of available resources, such as financial aid, tutoring centers or mentoring programs, and may be unfamiliar with terms such as 'bursar' and 'prerequisite.' And if you don't know where to begin or what to do once you do get there, it's easy to get overwhelmed and simply give up."The challenges that working adults face when going to college inspired Deepa to develop a web page and website as part of World Education's National College Transition Network (NCTN), an online forum for technical assistance, news, and helpful resources for educators, policy makers, and others interested in adult learning. The new website is a counterpart (对应物) to the NCTN, set up to guide adults who are considering college through the process of applying to and succeeding in school. The website is arranged like a college campus, with "buildings" representing the sort of departments and classrooms housed on a college campus. Each building contains "classes" that describe the admissions process, where to look for grants and scholarships, and lists resources, where an out-of-practice student can review reading, writing, and math. There are also lists of advice and resources to help students with their college life. Another helpful aspect of this interactive, multimedia site is its audio capacity: all texts can be read to the visitor. This particular feature is especially helpful for people with visual problems or learning disabilities.The cycle of learning runs from cradle to grave, and World Education works to break down barriers to education for people of all ages, all over the world.16、 According to the passage, working adults find it difficult to start their college education because ______.A. they are too busy and academically unpreparedB. they have been out of school for quite a long timeC. tutoring resources in college are unavailable to themD. they do not have enough money for further education17、 The comparison between adult students and regular students shows that ______.A. the latter are less prepared than the formerB. the latter have more problems than the formerC. the former have more problems than the latterD. the former are no less prepared than the latter18、 The purpose of the website is to ______.A. help adult students edit web pagesB. provide adult students with guidanceC. solve financial problems of adult studentsD. enable students to repair computers by themselves19、 The newly created website provides programs ______.A. for regular college students onlyB. for students interested in websitesC. for students including the disabledD. for educators interested in adult learning20、 The last paragraph shows that learning ______.A. involves difficultiesB. starts at ones birthplaceC. requires repeated effortsD. is a lifelong processHousing officials say that lately they are noticing something different: students seem to lack the will, and skill, to address these ordinary conflicts. "We have students who are mad at each other and they text each other in the same room," says a teacher. "So many of our roommate conflicts are because kids don't know how to negotiate a problem."And as any pop psychologist will tell you, bottled emotions lead to silent seething (不满) that can boil over into frustration and anger. At the University of Florida, emotional outbursts occur about once a week, the university's director of housing and residence education says. "It used to be: 'Let's sit down and talk about it,'" he says, "Over the past five years, roommate conflicts have intensified. The students don't have theperson-to-person discussions and they don't know how to handle them." The problem is most dramatic among freshmen; housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation, but some never seem to catch on, and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college.Administrators speculate that reliance on cell phones and the Internet may have made it easier for young people to avoid uncomfortable encounters. Why express anger in person when you can vent in a text? Facebook creates even more friction as complaints go public. "Things are posted on someone's wall on Facebook: 'Oh, my roommate kept me up all night studying,'" says Dana Pysz, an assistant director in the office of residential life at the University of California, Los Angeles. "It's a different way to express their conflict to each other." In recent focus groups at North Carolina State University, dorm residents said they would not even confront noisy neighbors on their floor.Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children's problems their entire lives. Now in college, the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts. Some parents continue to intervene on campus.21、 What does the word "address" (Line 2, Para.1) mean?A. To speak to.B. To deal with.C. To make a formal speech.D. To mark with a destination.22、 What is the main reason of roommate conflicts?A. Students text each other in the same room.B. Students are always mad at each other.C. Director of housing is responsible for that.D. Students are not good at negotiating.23、 According to the passage, we can conclude that cell phones and theInternet ______.A. make our life more convenientB. make it easier to have person-to-person communicationsC. make it easier to take frustration outD. enable students to avoid uncomfortable meetings24、 What should parents do according to the passage?A. They should intervene in their children's life on campus.B. They should cultivate the independence of their children.C. They should deal with their children's problems their whole lives.D. They should teach their children how to deal with the smallest conflicts.25、 The best title for the passage is ______.A. Student's Life in CollegeB. Student's Failure to CommunicateC. Parent's Intervention in Their Children's LifeD. Teacher's Concern about Students答案:Reading Comprehension1、B[解析] 细节题。
大学英语四级分类模拟题361
大学英语四级分类模拟题361(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Translation(总题数：10，分数：100.00)1.天安门广场(Tian"anmen Square)位于北京市中心，是世界上最大的广场。
整个广场东西宽500米，南北长880米，总面积达44万平方米。
矗立在广场中央的人民英雄纪念碑(Monument to the People"s Heroes)是新中国诞生后在广场修建的第一座建筑。
天安门广场与其周围的建筑，被称为中国的心脏，是举行重大庆典的神圣之地。
天安门广场还是著名的旅游景点，每天都有大量的中外游客到此参观。
（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Located at the center of Beijing City, Tian"anmen Square is the largest square in the world. It covers a total area of 440000 square meters, measuring 880 meters north to south, and 500 meters east to west. Monument to the People"s Heroes, the first architecture built on the square after the founding of New China, stands upright in the center. Tian"anmen Square, together with the surrounding architectures, can be called the heart of China. It is the holy place where grand ceremonies are held. Tian" anmen Square is also a famous tourist attraction with a large amount of visitors from home and abroad every day.2.在中国参观兵马俑(Terracotta Warriors and Horses)时，很多人都会兴趣盎然。
[大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题464
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6．第六句中，注意句子衔接，除 because 外，还可选用 as 或 since 来表示原因。“对……至关重要”可译为 be vital for...，“努 力”可译为 try to do 或 make an effort to do，“取得平衡”可译 为 strike a balance。 问题:4. 中国是文明古国、礼仪之邦。凡来了客人，沏茶敬茶的 礼仪必不可少。中国人饮茶注重一个“品”(savoring)字。“品茶” 不仅鉴别茶的优劣，也为了领略饮茶情趣。百忙之中泡上一壶浓茶， 择雅静之处，自斟自饮，可以消除疲劳、振奋精神，达到美的享受。 品茶环境(ambience)一般由建筑物、园林、摆设、茶具等因素组成。 饮茶讲究安静清新、舒适干净。 答案:China is a country with a time-honored civilization and a land of ceremony and propriety. Whenever guests visit, it is necessary to make and serve tea to them. The Chinese people, in their drinking of tea, attach great importance to the act of "savoring". "Tea savoring" is not only a way to discern quality tea from the mediocre, but also a way to take delight in the actual process of drinking.
Snatching a bit of leisure from a busy schedule, making a kettle of strong tea, securing a serene / peaceful space and and serving and drinking tea by yourself, you may find your fatigue banished and spirit lifted, and achieve an aesthetic appreciation. Buildings, gardens, ornaments and tea sets are
四级综合分类
四级综合（翁华）sophia整理词汇：*为超纲词⒈场景类词汇（名词、动词、形容词）（一）经济类currency通货currency inflation通货膨胀home/foreign currency 本国／外国货币order订单，订购指示claim根据自身的条件提出要求，索赔，赔偿purchase成批，大批量地购买fare公共交通费fee 学生学费，医生出诊费，律师出庭费tip小费pay工资，支出wage一天／一周的工资salary 一月／一年的工资expense花费，日常花销，零花钱expenditure支出revenue收入，税收income收入和所得banking银行业banker银行家accounting会计学accountant会计open account开账户balance 余额deposit 存款，存折，抵押款pension 养老金bonus 红利，奖金commission 委员会，佣金，回扣，手续费（二）法律类charge sb. with doing sth.accuse sb. of sth.sue sb. for sth. 控告，起诉prosecute sb. for sth.indict* sb. for sth.indictee 被告indicter 原告be sentenced to (12 years) 被判刑commit a crime 犯罪guilty 有罪的innocent 无罪的，清白的，无辜的lawyer <美>律师attorney <美>律师，商业事务中的代理律师，法定代理人barrister <英>律师，高级法庭中的辩护律师（三）能力，能量，力量strength 力气，力量at length 最终，最后；详细，详尽人潜在的发展能力capacity 存储，包容能力交易量，交易额possibility 可能性小probability 可能性大likelihood 可能性大potential （人／物）潜在的能力和能量power权势，权力ability实际的操作能力和应用能力be (un)able to do 没有能力做某事disable (vt.) 使…失去工作能力，使…（物）停止工作，使…（人）残废inability 无能力和无才能的状况be capable of 有（融会贯通、学习、接受、理解、交流）能力做某事（四）点、标点、标记、记号、物点、特点时间点、地点、观点、要点、小数点、指点to the point where到…的程度上feature 面部特征和特点、地貌特征mark 标记、记号signal 信号sign 迹象，象征，征兆，属相symbol 象征P74T63syndrome <医>综合症label 标签spot 大而醒目的，圆或椭圆的污点on the spot 当场，立即，马上stain 一片或好几处污点pimple （永陪选项）痘痘dimple （永陪选项）酒窝diagram （永陪选项）平面示意图symptom <医>症状P70T55 P45T59track 轨道，路，跑道trace 比喻意，事物在发展过程中留下的痕迹P40T47（五）事情、问题thing 指一切事物event 重大的历史、政治事件matter vi.有关系，有所谓，重大且紧急紧迫之事，不解决会带来后果case 案例，病例，例子business 生意，商业not of your business不关你的事issue 重大的社会问题引起人们的普遍关系question 小问题，要求直接给予回答problem 抽象，综合的问题，但每个人都有的问题incident 特殊的、非凡的、不同寻常之事、蓄谋已久的事件incidence*发生的几率，比率accident 意外事故，偶然、偶发事件accidence*基础知识，词尾的变化coincidence*巧合，巧合之事it is no coincidence绝非巧合affairs 事物（国内、国外、个人风流）（六）情感、脾气、态度feeling 人的具体情怀／情感I have feelings for you. 我已经对你有了感情。
四级试题分类
四级试题分类
四级试题分类
四级作为大学英语考试的一个重要组成部分，是衡量学生英语水平的重要标准之一。
四级试题通常包括听力、阅读、写作和翻译等多个方面。
下面将四级试题按照分类进行详细介绍。
听力部分
四级听力通常包括听力理解和听力填空两个部分，其中听力理解占据了较大的比例。
听力理解部分包括短对话和长对话，短文听力和听力填空等题型，要求考生根据所听到的内容，选择正确的答案或填写正确的单词。
阅读部分
四级阅读部分包括阅读理解和阅读填空两个部分，其中阅读理解占据了较大的比例。
阅读理解部分通常包括短篇和长篇阅读，要求考生通过阅读理解文章的内容，回答问题或选择正确的答案。
阅读填空部分则需要考生根据文章的内容，填写正确的单词或短语。
写作部分
四级写作部分通常包括短文写作和作文写作两个部分，其中作文写作
占据了较大的比例。
短文写作一般要求考生根据所给题目，以约200-250个单词的篇幅，描述一个人、地点、事件或问题等。
作文写作则要求考生就某一个话题，写一篇约400-450个单词的文章，并对话题进行综合分析和论述。
翻译部分
四级翻译部分通常包括汉译英和英译汉两个部分，要求考生将所给的中文或英文翻译成另一种语言。
翻译部分要求考生在掌握基本语法和词汇的基础上，能够准确地传递所给原文的含义和思想。
翻译部分的难度通常相对较高，需要考生在考前做好充分的准备。
综上所述，四级考试是考察学生多方面英语技能的重要考试，包括听力、阅读、写作和翻译等多个方面。
考生需要根据各个部分的特点，制定相应的备考策略，并在考试前进行充分准备，以保证取得好的成绩。
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四级综合（翁华）sophia整理词汇：*为超纲词⒈场景类词汇（名词、动词、形容词）（一）经济类currency通货currency inflation通货膨胀home/foreign currency 本国／外国货币order订单，订购指示claim根据自身的条件提出要求，索赔，赔偿purchase成批，大批量地购买fare公共交通费fee 学生学费，医生出诊费，律师出庭费tip小费pay工资，支出wage一天／一周的工资salary 一月／一年的工资expense花费，日常花销，零花钱expenditure支出revenue收入，税收income收入和所得banking银行业banker银行家accounting会计学accountant会计open account开账户balance 余额deposit 存款，存折，抵押款pension 养老金bonus 红利，奖金commission 委员会，佣金，回扣，手续费（二）法律类charge sb. with doing sth.accuse sb. of sth.sue sb. for sth. 控告，起诉prosecute sb. for sth.indict* sb. for sth.indictee 被告indicter 原告be sentenced to (12 years) 被判刑commit a crime 犯罪guilty 有罪的innocent 无罪的，清白的，无辜的lawyer <美>律师attorney <美>律师，商业事务中的代理律师，法定代理人barrister <英>律师，高级法庭中的辩护律师（三）能力，能量，力量strength 力气，力量at length 最终，最后；详细，详尽人潜在的发展能力capacity 存储，包容能力交易量，交易额possibility 可能性小probability 可能性大likelihood 可能性大potential （人／物）潜在的能力和能量power权势，权力ability实际的操作能力和应用能力be (un)able to do 没有能力做某事disable (vt.) 使…失去工作能力，使…（物）停止工作，使…（人）残废inability 无能力和无才能的状况be capable of 有（融会贯通、学习、接受、理解、交流）能力做某事（四）点、标点、标记、记号、物点、特点时间点、地点、观点、要点、小数点、指点to the point where到…的程度上feature 面部特征和特点、地貌特征mark 标记、记号signal 信号sign 迹象，象征，征兆，属相symbol 象征P74T63syndrome <医>综合症label 标签spot 大而醒目的，圆或椭圆的污点on the spot 当场，立即，马上stain 一片或好几处污点pimple （永陪选项）痘痘dimple （永陪选项）酒窝diagram （永陪选项）平面示意图symptom <医>症状P70T55 P45T59track 轨道，路，跑道trace 比喻意，事物在发展过程中留下的痕迹P40T47（五）事情、问题thing 指一切事物event 重大的历史、政治事件matter vi.有关系，有所谓，重大且紧急紧迫之事，不解决会带来后果case 案例，病例，例子business 生意，商业not of your business不关你的事issue 重大的社会问题引起人们的普遍关系question 小问题，要求直接给予回答problem 抽象，综合的问题，但每个人都有的问题incident 特殊的、非凡的、不同寻常之事、蓄谋已久的事件incidence*发生的几率，比率accident 意外事故，偶然、偶发事件accidence*基础知识，词尾的变化coincidence*巧合，巧合之事it is no coincidence绝非巧合affairs 事物（国内、国外、个人风流）（六）情感、脾气、态度feeling 人的具体情怀／情感I have feelings for you. 我已经对你有了感情。
emotion 包括喜怒哀乐的抽象的词emotional 感情用事的，情绪化的（贬）attitude 人的心态，姿势mood 情绪in no mood / in a good moodpassion 激情，热情passionate 激情飞扬的，热情洋溢的compassion 同情心compassionate 富有同情心的sentiment 怀旧的，温柔的，伤感的，浪漫的，细腻的，难以察觉的，高尚的，高级的情感和情操sentimental 多愁善感的temper 脾气lo se one’s temper / hold or keep one’s temper（七）看view 美丽的风景和景色，人的观点sight 看到的内容和对象look 面部表情，神色scene 场景，布景，场面vision 人的视力look at 看一眼glare at 怒目而视stare at 因为迷惑不解、好奇、惊讶而盯着或瞪着某人glance at 快速而有目标地看，而且往往看清了目标catch a glimpse of 匆匆一瞥，往往没看清（八）破坏spoil√宠坏，对氛围的破坏hurt 肉体的，心灵的，情感的伤害harm 客观事物对主体的危害（强光对皮肤，吸烟对身体）injure 皮外伤，轻伤wound 刀伤，剑伤，战争中受伤damage 部分的破坏，且往往可以修复destroy 彻底地毁坏，不可修复wreck√海难事件，船只受损crash √空难事件，飞机坠毁collide 火车相撞，两个运动物体相撞crush 揉碎，挤碎，压碎tear√撕碎，扯碎ruin 对园林，建筑物造成毁坏，以及留下的遗址smash 砸碎，粉碎，捣碎clash 刀光剑影，刀剑相碰发出的铿锵之声clash with 和…有冲突，与…有矛盾slash 猛砍，猛剁（九）坚持stick to +观点，原则hold to +观点，原则hold on to 牢牢地抓住，固守自己的原则和理念keep to +原则，理念+ oneself 不与外人交流，孤僻；不透露秘密给别人adhere to + principles 遵守，遵照comply with 遵守日常行为规范conform to 顺从，依然，不敢改革（微贬）＋风土人情，风俗习惯reform改革（十）忍受bear 精神、心灵、肉体上承受了巨大的压力而忍受着stand 不屈不挠，顽强地忍耐stand up to 勇敢地抵住，经得住，耐得住tolerate 宽容，对不喜欢的人或事的一种不予理会endure 长时间的忍耐put up with <口>忍受live with <口>同居；忍耐（十一）适应adapt oneself to 使某人适应；改编自( be adapt at ) 擅长于( adopt ) vt.收养，抚养；采纳，采取，后接建议acclimate 适应当地的气候accustom 适应当地的风俗accommodate oneself to 容纳，为某人提供住宿（十二）取消cancelcall offP10T64 P57T21 P28T50 P79T41（十三）空P51T49 P74T60 P81T62bare 光秃秃的，不长草的，裸露的blank 空白处，空白纸blank face 茫然，无表情go blank 变得一片空白hollow 内部中空，人内部空虚vacant 空缺的（职位等）vacancy 空缺的职位empty 空荡荡的，屋子里没有人vast 因太大，而显得空荡荡的nothingness*虚无缥缈的状态，不存在的状态barren 贫瘠的，不肥沃的（土地）（十四）大P31T41considerable 相当大的，非凡的，值得考虑的enormous 巨大的，但不超出想象gigantic 悬殊的比例，构成的巨大，巨人一般的大titanic 巨大的，神秘的numerous 数量巨大，巨多monumental 巨大的价值，不朽的价值，具有纪念碑的价值的immense 大的无法测量，无穷无尽的（十五）永恒永久永远lasting√持久的（印象impression）permanent√长期地定居在某个地方不离开perpetualeternaleverlasting 一直持久的（十六）方式方法method 有计划性，已被人规划好的，系统性的方式方法way 有特殊的个人的方法means 手段tactics 战术，具体的technique 个人化的技巧和技能⒉押头韵押尾韵词汇押头韵：trans- (12个) P24T65a+双写辅音字母-con/m/l/r-im/n/l/r-ex-re-transform 进行，演化；神秘地变化；激烈的变化，彻底的变化，往往给人以耳目一新的感觉transfuse 输血transmute （永陪选项）物质内部结构发生变化transfer 地点的转移，职位的调动，财产、账户、权力的转移transit 过渡transact 交易，贸易translate 翻译transplant 移植transport 传送transgress 跨过边境、边界，侵略transmit 声音的传播，疾病的传播，货物的传送transcend 超载transparent*透明的transcultural*跨文化的company 公司；陪伴，伴侣compel 强迫，迫使compile 编写comply with 后接法律法规押尾韵：（P38T51 P55T48 P63T60 P70T54）-tion-ty-ious-ible-able-ive√（表主动意义）-erior-fy-ize√-izationintensive 精密的，强烈的，特别的或重病的护理extensive 延伸的，扩展的，覆盖的，广博的expensive 昂贵的expansive 膨胀的，肿胀的，（人）豪放的destructive 极具破坏性的descriptive 描绘性的，描述的instructive 指导性的，指示性的，具有教育意义的constructive 富有建设性的abusive 诽谤的，诋毁的altitude 海拔，高度attitude 态度，姿势amplitude 丰富，大量，宽度，振幅aptitude 天才，才能，天资⒊异形近义usual 频率高，通常ordinary 无特别之处general 普遍common 经常见到／听到average (family/height)普通⒋近形近义assure (+sb. of sth./ that从句) 向某人保证某事insure给…上保险，以免受到损失ensure接单宾语，保证某事reassure使某人放心，使某人不担心（物做主语）reserve (保护，保留，保存)preserveconserveobserve⒌词组短语句型习惯表达法at stake （木桩，赌注）利害攸关，危在旦夕at random 随机地抽取at large 在未被逮捕的过程中逍遥法外at interval 每隔一段时间at a loss 茫然不知所措，亏损at a profit 盈利at length 最后，最终call in 邀请某人进来参加call out 大声呼吁，号召call after 在某人后面大声招唤而引起注意call up 召集起来，动员起来，打电话call for√要求call off √取消call at 拜访某地call on 拜访某人break up 关系的破裂break down 抛锚；精神崩溃；物质分解和瓦解break of 关系的中断，断绝了供应的来源break away 摆脱了…的束缚break in 插嘴，插话，突然打断break out 大火或瘟疫的爆发break into 破门而入，突然…起来（tears）break through 打破，突破短文改错：名词：（一）基本问题1．单复数（主谓一致）：3000 dollars are (is) a big money for a person like me,金钱、价值、重量、距离、时间的名词形式是复数，谓语是单数。