专有名词翻译

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专有名词的翻译

专有名词的翻译
专有名词的翻译
专有名词(proper names),主要包括人名, 地名,组织机构,作品名,商标品名,地名最主要的一种方 法。 • 直译或意译法:报纸,杂志,机关,团体等 含有明显意义的名称易用意译法。 • 半音半译法:既含有英文的音又含有中 文的意。
翻译的原则
英美主要报纸
• • • • • • •
Times 美 时代周刊 The Times 英 泰晤士报 The Daily Mail 每日邮报 The Daily Express 每日快报 New York Post 纽约邮报 New Weekly 新闻周刊 Reader’s Digest 读者文摘
半音半译译法
约定俗成(名字名称)
• 英美人姓名的汉译应尊重他们的传统习 俗,先名后姓。选字时应该用“洋名 ” 避免“汉化” • Eden艾登不译伊登 • Shelly 雪莱不译谢利
约定俗成(名字名称)
• 中国人姓名的英译一般应遵守先姓后名 的原则。 • 如:外交部长唐家璇译写为 • Tang Jiaxuan ,Minister of Foreign Affairs. • 已为国内外译者和学者所认可和接受的 译名,应尊重历史加以沿用。 • 如:孔子-Confucius; • 孙中山-Sun Yat-sen
• 名从主人:专有名词的音译和转写按照 专有名词指称对象所属国家或民族的读 音和写法。 • 约定俗成:使用范围较广的专有名词应 使用人民已经普遍接受的译名。 • 按实求名:根据专有名词指称对象的具 体内容来确定名称。
音译
• 在保持原发音的同时,具有某种含义, 与产品发生联系。 • 1.名从主人:Johnson 强生 • 2.标准读音:Portland 波特兰 ; Shakespeare 莎士比亚; Washington华盛顿;Nike耐克

政治类专有名词翻译

政治类专有名词翻译

一、政治类:1. 日益昌盛become increasingly prosperous2. 快速发展develop rapidly3. 隆重集会gather ceremoniously4. 热爱和平love peace5. 追求进步pursue progress6. 履行权利和义务perform the responsibilities and obligations7. 回顾奋斗历程review the course of struggle8. 展望伟大征程look into the great journey9. 充满信心和力量be filled with confidence and strength10. 必胜be bound to win11. 主张各国政府采取行动urge governments of all countries to take action12. 和平共处coexist peacefully13. 对内开放和对外开放open up both externally and internally14. 经历两个不同时期experience two different periods15. 战胜无数的困难overcome numerous difficulties16. 赢得一个又一个胜利win one victory after another17. 完全意识到be fully aware that18. 迈出重要的一步make an important step19. 采取各种措施adopt various measures20. 得出结论,告一段落draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion21. 实现民族独立realize national independence22. 追求真理seek the truth23. 建立社会主义制度establish a socialist system24. 根除(防止,消除)腐败root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption25. 响应号召respond to the call26. 进入新时期enter a new period27. 实行新政策practice new policies28. 展现生机和活力display one’s vigor and vitality29. 增强综合国力enhance comprehensive(overall) national strength and和国际竟争力international competitiveness30. 进入世界先进行列edge into the advanced ranks in the world31. 解决温饱问题solve the problem of food and clothing32. 吸收各国文明的先进成果absorb what is advanced in other civilizations33. 与日俱增increase every day34. 实现夙愿fulfill the long-cherished wishes35. 必将实现be bound to come true36. 锻造一支人民军队forge a people’s army37. 建立巩固的国防build a strong national defense38. 进行和谈hold peace talks39. 修改法律amend the laws40. 在...中起(至关)play a major的(crucial, an important ) role in重要作用41. 对...做出重要(巨大)贡献make important (great, major )contributions to42. 遵循规则follow the principles43. 把理论和实际结合起来integrate theory with prac tice …44. 把...作为指导take… as the guide45. 缓和紧张状况ease the tension46. 高举伟大旗帜hold high the great banner47. 解决新问题resolve new problems48. 观察当今世界observe the present-day world49. 开拓前进open up new ways forward50. 增强凝聚力enhance the rally power51. 结束暴力,开始和平谈判end the violence and resume peace talks52. 进行战略性调整make strategic readjustment53. 开始生效go into effect / enter into force54. 就...接受妥协accept a compromise on55. 接受...的采访be interviewed by56. 把……看成社会公敌look upon … as a threat to society57. 把……捐给慈善机构donate …to charities58. 维护世界和平maintain world peace59. 摆脱贫穷落后get rid of poverty and backwardness60. 实现发展繁荣bring about development and prosperity61. 反对各种形式的恐怖主义be opposed to all forms of terrorism62. 宣布。

专有名词汉译英

专有名词汉译英

专有名词英文翻译保险业The insurance industry保证重点支出Ensure funding for priority areas被兼并或挤掉annexed or forced out of business补发拖欠的养老金Clear up pension payments in arrears不良贷款Non—performing loan层层转包和违法分保Multi-level contracting and illegal subcontracting产值output value城乡信用社Credit Cooperative in both urban and rural areas城镇居民最低生活保障A minimum standard of living for city residents城镇职工医疗保险制度The system of medical insurance for urban workers抽样调查data from the sample survey出口信贷Export credit初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。

to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.贷款质量Loan quality贷款质量五级分类办法The five-category assets classification for bank loans第二产业secondary industry第三产业tertiary industry第一产业primary industry独资企业wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise发电量electric energy production发挥市场的调节作用to give play to the regulatory role of the market发展过快excessive growth防范和化解金融风险Take precautions against and reduce financial risks防洪工程Flood-prevention project非法外汇交易Illegal foreign exchange transaction非公有成分non-public sectors非贸易收汇Foreign exchange earnings through non trade channels非银行金融机构Non-bank financial institutions费改税Transform administrative fees into taxes分配形式forms of distribution风险资金risk funds副业sideline production改革是社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展。

英语专有名词翻译

英语专有名词翻译

全国人民代表大会 National People's Congress (NPC)主席团 Presidium常务委员会 Standing Committee办公厅General Office秘书处Secretariat代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee法律委员会Law Committee财政经济委员会Finance and Economy Committee外事委员会Foreign Affairs Committee教育、科学、文化和卫生委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee法制工作委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs特定问题调查委员会Commission of Inquiry into Specific Questions宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution2、中华人民共和国主席 President of the People's Republic of China3、中央军事委员会 Central Military Commission4、最高人民法院 Supreme People's Court5、最高人民检察院 Supreme People's Procuratorate6、国务院State Council(1)国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Defence国家发展和改革委员会National Development and Reform Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology国防科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National De-fence国家民族事物委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部Ministry of Public Security国家安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources建设部Ministry of Construction铁道部Ministry of Railways交通部Ministry of Communications信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行People's Bank of China国家审计署State Auditing Administration(2)国务院办事机构Offices under the State Council国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council侨务办公室Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs港澳台办公室Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office台湾事物办公室Taiwan Affairs Office法制办公室Office of Legislative Affairs经济体制改革办公室Office for Economic Restructuring国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council新闻办公室Information Office10、新闻出版 News media总编辑 Editor-in-chief高级编辑 Full Senior Editor主任编辑 Associate Senior Editor编辑 Editor助理编辑 Assistant Editor高级记者 Full Senior Reporter主任记者 Associate Senior Reporter记者 Reporter助理记者 Assistant Reporter编审 Professor of Editorship编辑 Editor助理编辑 Assistant Editor技术编辑 Technical Editor技术设计员 Technical Designer校对 Proofreader11、翻译 Translation译审 Professor of Translation翻译 Translator/Interpreter助理翻译 Assistant Translator/Interpreter 电台/电视台台长 Radio/TV Station Controller 播音指导 Director of Announcing主任播音员 Chief Announcer播音员 Announcer电视主持人 TV Presenter电台节目主持人 Disk Jockey12、工艺、美术、电影 Arts,crafts and movies导演 Director演员 Actor画师 Painter指挥 Conductor编导 Scenarist录音师 Sound Engineer舞蹈编剧 Choreographer美术师 Artist制片人 Producer剪辑导演 Montage Director配音演员 Dabber摄影师 Cameraman化装师 Make-up Artist出品:Presented by联合出品:Co-presented联合摄制:Co-produced出品人:Executive Producers总策划:Planning Directors总监制:Production Supervisors行政监制:Administrative Supervisor 制片人:Producers执行制片人:Associate Producer艺术总监:Art Supervisor领衔主演:Starring特别出演:Special Starring编剧:Screenwriter导演:Director最佳男/女配角:best supporting actor/actress最佳创作短片:best short film最佳美术设计:best art direction最佳剪辑:best film editing最佳音效:best sound effects最佳纪录片:best documentary最佳视觉效果:best visual effects最佳摄影:best cinematography最佳新演员:best new performer最佳改编剧本:best adapted screenplay最佳原著剧本:best original screenplay最佳原创电影音乐:best original film score最佳原创电影歌曲:best original film song最佳导演:best director最佳男主角:best leading actor最佳女主角:best leading actress最佳剧情片:best feature film。

中国专有名词翻译

中国专有名词翻译

1、中国意念词(Chinesenesses)八卦trigram阴、阳yin, yang道Dao(cf. logo)江湖(世界)the jianghu World (the traits’world)e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’world. (人在江湖,身不由己)道Daoism(Taoism)上火excessive internal heat儒学Confucianism红学(《红楼梦》研究)redology世外桃源Shangri-la or Arcadia开放kaifang (Chinese openness to the outside world)大锅饭getting an equal share regardless of the work done伤痕文学scar literature or the literature of the wounded不搞一刀切no imposing uniformity on …合乎国情,顺乎民意to conform with the national conditions and the will of the peopl-e 乱摊派,乱收费imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge铁交椅iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post脱贫to shake off poverty; anti-poverty治则兴,乱则衰Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline2 、中华民族的喜庆节日(Chinese Festivial)国庆节National Day中秋节Mid-Autumn Day/Festival 春节Spring Festival元宵节Lantern Festival儿童节Children’s Day端午节Dragon Boat Festival妇女节Women’s Day泼水节Water-Splashing Day教师节Teachers’Day五四青年节Youth Day。

中国专有名词的英语翻译

中国专有名词的英语翻译

1. 素质教育:Quality Education2. EQ:分两种,一种为教育商数Educational quotient,另一种情感商数Emotional quotient3. 保险业:the insurance industry4. 保证重点指出:ensure funding for priority areas5. 补发拖欠的养老金:clear up pension payments in arrears6. 不良贷款:non-performing loan7. 层层转包和违法分包:mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting8. 城乡信用社:credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas9. 城镇居民最低生活保障: a minimum standard of living for city residents10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度:the system of medical insurance for urban wor kers11. 出口信贷:export credit12. 贷款质量:loan quality13. 贷款质量五级分类办法:the five-category assets classification for bank loans14. 防范和化解金融风险:take precautions against and reduce financial risks15. 防洪工程:flood-prevention project16. 非法外汇交易:illegal foreign exchange transaction17. 非贸易收汇:foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels18. 非银行金融机构:non-bank financial institutions19. 费改税:transform administrative fees into taxes20. 跟踪审计:foolow-up auditing21. 工程监理制度:the monitoring system for projects22. 国有资产安全:the safety of state-owned assets23. 过度开垦:excess reclamation24. 合同管理制度:the contract system for governing projects25. 积极的财政政策:pro-active fiscal policy26. 基本生活费:basic allowance27. 解除劳动关系:sever labor relation28. 金融监管责任制:the responsibility system for financial supervision29. 经济安全:economic security30. 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设:to increase the deficit to spend more on development31. 扩大国内需求:the expansion of domestic demand32. 拉动经济增长:fuel economic growth33. 粮食仓库:grain depot34. 粮食收购企业:grain collection and storage enterprise35. 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行:closed operation of grain purchase funds36. 粮食销售市场:grain sales market37. 劣质工程:shoddy engineering38. 乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款:arbitrary charges, fund-raising, quotas and fines39. 骗汇、逃汇、套汇:obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage40. 融资渠道:financing channels41. 商业信贷原则:the principles for commercial credit42. 社会保险机构:social security institution43. 失业保险金:unemployment insurance benefits44. 偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税:tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes45. 外汇收支:foreign exchange revenue and spending46. 安居工程:housing project for low-income urban residents47. 信息化:information-based; informationization48. 智力密集型:concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive49. 外资企业:overseas-funded enterprises50. 下岗职工:laid-off workers51. 分流:reposition of redundant personnel52. 素质教育:education for all-round development53. 豆腐渣工程:jerry-built projects54. 社会治安情况:law-and-order situation55. 民族国家:nation state56. “台独”:"independence of Taiwan"57. 台湾当局:Taiwan authorities58. 台湾同胞:Taiwan compatriots59. 台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分:Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chine se territory.60. 西部大开发:Development of the W est Regions61. 可持续性发展:sustainable development62. 风险投资:risk investment63. 通货紧缩:deflation64. 扩大内需:to expand domestic demand65. 计算机辅助教学:computer-assisted instruction ( CAI )66. 网络空间:cyberspace67. 虚拟现实:virtual reality68. 网民:netizen ( net citizen )69. 电脑犯罪:computer crime70. 电子商务:the e-business71. 网上购物:shopping online72. 应试教育:exam-oriented education73. 学生减负:to reduce study load74. “厄尔尼诺”:(EL Nino)75. “拉尼娜”:(La Nina)76. “智商”:(IQ)77. “情商”:(EQ)78. “第三产业”:(third/tertiary industry,service sector,third sequence of enterprises)79.“第四产业”:(quaternary/inFORMation industry)79. “军嫂”:(military spouse)80. “峰会”(香港译“极峰会议”)”:summit(conference)81. “克隆”:clone82. “冰毒”:ice83. “摇头丸”:dancing outreach84. “传销”:multi level marketing85. “(计算机)2000年问题”:Y2K problem(y for year, k for kilo or thousand)86. “白皮书”:white paper(不是white cover book)87. “傻瓜相机”:Instamatic(商标名,焦距、镜头均固定,被称为foolproof相机);88. “白条”:IOU note(IOU:债款、债务,由I owe you 的读音缩略转义而来)89. “巡回招聘”:milk round(一种招聘毕业生的方式,大公司走访各大学及学院,向求职者介绍本公司情况并与报名者晤谈)。

专有名词的翻译

专有名词的翻译

Sound and Fury: 《声音与愤怒》、 《喧哗 与骚动》
3. 文化内涵的传达
Bridges Of Madison County: 《麦迪逊县的 桥》、《廊桥遗梦》
中国意念词
上火 excessive internal heat 姻缘 prefixed fate of marriage 宣纸 rice paper 三纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son, husband guides wife
新闻周刊
每日电讯报 每日邮报
读者文摘
好管家
三、 商标的翻译
商标的翻译既要保留原文的精华,又要符 合消费者的商标心理。这就需要运用语 言,营销以及美学方面的综合知识。 在翻译的过程中可通过音译与意译相结合 的方法,注意选择音色与意义都与原文 较为贴近的字词以达到满意的效果。
NIKE:英文原意指希腊胜利女神。NIKE是 全球著名的体育用品品牌,中文译为耐克。 但若按音译为“奈姬”或是“娜基’’之 类,就会产生误解。 Sprite(饮料) :音译 “斯必莱特”(拗口) 直译“妖精”(不吉利),译成“雪碧”,用 意如出一辙。 Colgate:高露洁(牙膏)
英,美 主要报纸
Times The Times The Daily Mail The Daily Express The Daily Telegraph New York Post News Weekly 英 泰晤士报
美 时代周刊
纽约邮报
每日快报
Reader’s Digest Good Manager
凯迪拉克
Rolls-Royce劳斯莱斯

会计 专有名词 英语翻译

会计 专有名词 英语翻译

一、资产类Assets流动资产Current assets货币资金Cash and cash equivalents1001现金Cash1002 银行存款Cash in bank1009 其他货币资金Other cash and cash equivalents'100901 外埠存款Other city Cash in bank'100902 银行本票Cashier's cheque'100903 银行汇票Bank draft'100904 信用卡Credit card'100905 信用证保证金L/C Guarantee deposits'100906 存出投资款Refundable deposits1101 短期投资Short-term investments'110101 股票Short-term investments - stock'110102 债券Short-term investments - corporate bonds'110103 基金Short-term investments - corporate funds'110110 其他Short-term investments - other1102 短期投资跌价准备Short-term investments falling price reserves应收款Account receivable1111 应收票据Note receivable银行承兑汇票Bank acceptance商业承兑汇票Trade acceptance1121 应收股利Dividend receivable1122 应收利息Interest receivable1131 应收账款Account receivable1133 其他应收款Other notes receivable1141 坏账准备Bad debt reserves1151 预付账款Advance money1161 应收补贴款Cover deficit by state subsidies of receivable库存资产Inventories1201 物资采购Supplies purchasing1211 原材料Raw materials1221 包装物Wrappage1231 低值易耗品Low-value consumption goods1232 材料成本差异Materials cost variance1241 自制半成品Semi-Finished goods1243 库存商品Finished goods1244 商品进销差价Differences between purchasing and selling price1251 委托加工物资Work in process - outsourced1261 委托代销商品Trust to and sell the goods on a commission basis 1271 受托代销商品Commissioned and sell the goods on a commission basis 1281 存货跌价准备Inventory falling price reserves1291 分期收款发出商品Collect money and send out the goods by stages 1301 待摊费用Deferred and prepaid expenses长期投资Long-term investment1401 长期股权投资Long-term investment on stocks'140101 股票投资Investment on stocks'140102 其他股权投资Other investment on stocks1402 长期债权投资Long-term investment on bonds'140201 债券投资Investment on bonds'140202 其他债权投资Other investment on bonds1421 长期投资减值准备Long-term investments depreciation reserves股权投资减值准备Stock rights investment depreciation reserves债权投资减值准备Bcreditor's rights investment depreciation reserves1431 委托贷款Entrust loans'143101 本金Principal'143102 利息Interest'143103 减值准备Depreciation reserves1501 固定资产Fixed assets房屋Building建筑物Structure机器设备Machinery equipment运输设备Transportation facilities工具器具Instruments and implement1502 累计折旧Accumulated depreciation1505 固定资产减值准备Fixed assets depreciation reserves房屋、建筑物减值准备Building/structure depreciation reserves机器设备减值准备Machinery equipment depreciation reserves1601 工程物资Project goods and material'160101 专用材料Special-purpose material'160102 专用设备Special-purpose equipment'160103 预付大型设备款Prepayments for equipment'160104 为生产准备的工具及器具Preparative instruments and implement for fabricate 1603 在建工程Construction-in-process安装工程Erection works在安装设备Erecting equipment-in-process技术改造工程Technical innovation project大修理工程General overhaul project1605 在建工程减值准备Construction-in-process depreciation reserves1701 固定资产清理Liquidation of fixed assets1801 无形资产Intangible assets专利权Patents非专利技术Non-Patents商标权Trademarks, Trade names著作权Copyrights土地使用权Tenure商誉Goodwill1805 无形资产减值准备Intangible Assets depreciation reserves专利权减值准备Patent rights depreciation reserves商标权减值准备trademark rights depreciation reserves1815 未确认融资费用Unacknowledged financial charges待处理财产损溢Wait deal assets loss or income1901 长期待摊费用Long-term deferred and prepaid expenses1911 待处理财产损溢Wait deal assets loss or income191101待处理流动资产损溢Wait deal intangible assets loss or income 191102待处理固定资产损溢Wait deal fixed assets loss or income二、负债类Liability短期负债Current liability2101 短期借款Short-term borrowing2111 应付票据Notes payable银行承兑汇票Bank acceptance商业承兑汇票Trade acceptance2121 应付账款Account payable2131 预收账款Deposit received2141 代销商品款Proxy sale goods revenue2151 应付工资Accrued wages2153 应付福利费Accrued welfarism2161 应付股利Dividends payable2171 应交税金Tax payable'217101 应交增值税value added tax payable'21710101 进项税额Withholdings on VAT'21710102 已交税金Paying tax'21710103 转出未交增值税Unpaid VAT changeover'21710104 减免税款Tax deduction'21710105 销项税额Substituted money on VAT'21710106 出口退税Tax reimbursement for export'21710107 进项税额转出Changeover withnoldings on VAT'21710108 出口抵减内销产品应纳税额Export deduct domestic sales goods tax '21710109 转出多交增值税Overpaid VAT changeover'21710110 未交增值税Unpaid VAT'217102 应交营业税Business tax payable'217103 应交消费税Consumption tax payable'217104 应交资源税Resources tax payable'217105 应交所得税Income tax payable'217106 应交土地增值税Increment tax on land value payable'217107 应交城市维护建设税Tax for maintaining and building cities payable '217108 应交房产税Housing property tax payable'217109 应交土地使用税Tenure tax payable'217110 应交车船使用税Vehicle and vessel usage license plate tax(VVULPT) payable '217111 应交个人所得税Personal income tax payable2176 其他应交款Other fund in conformity with paying2181 其他应付款Other payables2191 预提费用Drawing expense in advance其他负债Other liabilities2201 待转资产价值Pending changerover assets value2211 预计负债Anticipation liabilities长期负债Long-term Liabilities2301 长期借款Long-term loans一年内到期的长期借款Long-term loans due within one year一年后到期的长期借款Long-term loans due over one year2311 应付债券Bonds payable'231101 债券面值Face value, Par value'231102 债券溢价Premium on bonds'231103 债券折价Discount on bonds'231104 应计利息Accrued interest2321 长期应付款Long-term account payable应付融资租赁款Accrued financial lease outlay一年内到期的长期应付Long-term account payable due within one year一年后到期的长期应付Long-term account payable over one year2331 专项应付款Special payable一年内到期的专项应付Long-term special payable due within one year一年后到期的专项应付Long-term special payable over one year2341 递延税款Deferral taxes三、所有者权益类OWNERS' EQUITY资本Capital3101 实收资本(或股本) Paid-up capital(or stock)实收资本Paicl-up capital实收股本Paid-up stock3103 已归还投资Investment Returned公积3111 资本公积Capital reserve'311101 资本(或股本)溢价Cpital(or Stock) premium'311102 接受捐赠非现金资产准备Receive non-cash donate reserve'311103 股权投资准备Stock right investment reserves'311105 拨款转入Allocate sums changeover in'311106 外币资本折算差额Foreign currency capital'311107 其他资本公积Other capital reserve3121 盈余公积Surplus reserves'312101 法定盈余公积Legal surplus'312102 任意盈余公积Free surplus reserves'312103 法定公益金Legal public welfare fund'312104 储备基金Reserve fund'312105 企业发展基金Enterprise expension fund'312106 利润归还投资Profits capitalizad on return of investment利润Profits3131 本年利润Current year profits3141 利润分配Profit distribution'314101 其他转入Other chengeover in'314102 提取法定盈余公积Withdrawal legal surplus'314103 提取法定公益金Withdrawal legal public welfare funds'314104 提取储备基金Withdrawal reserve fund'314105 提取企业发展基金Withdrawal reserve for business expansion'314106 提取职工奖励及福利基金Withdrawal staff and workers' bonus and welfare fund'314107 利润归还投资Profits capitalizad on return of investment'314108 应付优先股股利Preferred Stock dividends payable'314109 提取任意盈余公积Withdrawal other common accumulation fund'314110 应付普通股股利Common Stock dividends payable'314111 转作资本(或股本)的普通股股利Common Stock dividends change to assets(or stock) '314115 未分配利润Undistributed profit四、成本类Cost4101 生产成本Cost of manufacture'410101 基本生产成本Base cost of manufacture'410102 辅助生产成本Auxiliary cost of manufacture4105 制造费用Manufacturing overhead材料费Materials管理人员工资Executive Salaries奖金Wages退职金Retirement allowance补贴Bonus外保劳务费Outsourcing fee福利费Employee benefits/welfare会议费Coferemce加班餐费Special duties市内交通费Business traveling通讯费Correspondence电话费Correspondence水电取暖费Water and Steam税费Taxes and dues租赁费Rent管理费Maintenance车辆维护费Vehicles maintenance油料费Vehicles maintenance培训费Education and training接待费Entertainment图书、印刷费Books and printing运费Transpotation保险费Insurance premium支付手续费Commission杂费Sundry charges折旧费Depreciation expense机物料消耗Article of consumption劳动保护费Labor protection fees季节性停工损失Loss on seasonality cessation4107 劳务成本Service costs五、损益类Profit and loss收入Income业务收入OPERATING INCOME5101 主营业务收入Prime operating revenue产品销售收入Sales revenue服务收入Service revenue5102 其他业务收入Other operating revenue材料销售Sales materials代购代售包装物出租Wrappage lease出让资产使用权收入Remise right of assets revenue返还所得税Reimbursement of income tax其他收入Other revenue5201 投资收益Investment income短期投资收益Current investment income长期投资收益Long-term investment income计提的委托贷款减值准备Withdrawal of entrust loans reserves 5203 补贴收入Subsidize revenue国家扶持补贴收入Subsidize revenue from country其他补贴收入Other subsidize revenue5301 营业外收入NON-OPERATING INCOME非货币XXX收益Non-cash deal income现金溢余Cash overage处置固定资产净收益Net income on disposal of fixed assets 出售无形资产收益Income on sales of intangible assets固定资产盘盈Fixed assets inventory profit罚款净收入Net amercement income支出Outlay业务支出Revenue charges5401 主营业务成本Operating costs产品销售成本Cost of goods sold服务成本Cost of service5402 主营业务税金及附加Tax and associate charge营业税Sales tax消费税Consumption tax城市维护建设税Tax for maintaining and building cities资源税Resources tax土地增值税Increment tax on land value5405 其他业务支出Other business expense销售其他材料成本Other cost of material sale其他劳务成本Other cost of service其他业务税金及附加费Other tax and associate charge费用Expenses5501 营业费用Operating expenses代销手续费Consignment commission charge运杂费Transpotation保险费Insurance premium展览费Exhibition fees广告费Advertising fees5502 管理费用Adminisstrative expenses职工工资Staff Salaries修理费Repair charge低值易耗摊销Article of consumption办公费Office allowance差旅费Travelling expense工会经费Labour union expenditure研究与开发费Research and development expense福利费Employee benefits/welfare职工教育经费Personnel education待业保险费Unemployment insurance劳动保险费Labour insurance医疗保险费Medical insurance会议费Coferemce聘请中介机构费Intermediary organs咨询费Consult fees诉讼费Legal cost业务招待费Business entertainment技术转让费Technology transfer fees矿产资源补偿费Mineral resources compensation fees排污费Pollution discharge fees房产税Housing property tax车船使用税Vehicle and vessel usage license plate tax(VVULPT)土地使用税Tenure tax印花税Stamp tax5503 财务费用Finance charge利息支出Interest exchange汇兑损失Foreign exchange loss各项手续费Charge for trouble各项专门借款费用Special-borrowing cost5601 营业外支出Nonbusiness expenditure捐赠支出Donation outlay减值准备金Depreciation reserves非常损失Extraordinary loss处理固定资产净损失Net loss on disposal of fixed assets出售无形资产损失Loss on sales of intangible assets固定资产盘亏Fixed assets inventory loss债务重组损失Loss on arrangement罚款支出Amercement outlay5701 所得税Income tax以前年度损益调整Prior year income adjustment现金Cash in hand银行存款Cash in bank其他货币资金-外埠存款Other monetary assets - cash in other cities其他货币资金-银行本票Other monetary assets - cashier‘s check其他货币资金-银行汇票Other monetary assets - bank draft其他货币资金-信用卡Other monetary assets - credit cards其他货币资金-信用证保证金Other monetary assets - L/C deposit其他货币资金-存出投资款Other monetary assets - cash for investment 短期投资-股票投资Investments - Short term - stocks短期投资-债券投资Investments - Short term - bonds短期投资-基金投资Investments - Short term - funds短期投资-其他投资Investments - Short term - others短期投资跌价准备Provision for short-term investment长期股权投资-股票投资Long term equity investment - stocks长期股权投资-其他股权投资Long term equity investment - others长期债券投资-债券投资Long term securities investemnt - bonds长期债券投资-其他债权投资Long term securities investment - others长期投资减值准备Provision for long-term investment应收票据Notes receivable应收股利Dividends receivable应收利息Interest receivable应收帐款Trade debtors坏帐准备- 应收帐款Provision for doubtful debts - trade debtors预付帐款Prepayment应收补贴款Allowance receivable其他应收款Other debtors坏帐准备- 其他应收款Provision for doubtful debts - other debtors其他流动资产Other current assets物资采购Purchase原材料Raw materials包装物Packing materials低值易耗品Low value consumbles材料成本差异Material cost difference自制半成品Self-manufactured goods库存商品Finished goods商品进销差价Difference between purchase & sales of commodities委托加工物资Consigned processiong material委托代销商品Consignment-out受托代销商品Consignment-in分期收款发出商品Goods on instalment sales存货跌价准备Provision for obsolete stocks待摊费用Prepaid expenses待处理流动资产损益Unsettled G/L on current assets待处理固定资产损益Unsettled G/L on fixed assets委托贷款-本金Consignment loan - principle委托贷款-利息Consignment loan - interest委托贷款-减值准备Consignment loan - provision固定资产-房屋建筑物Fixed assets - Buildings固定资产-机器设备Fixed assets - Plant and machinery固定资产-电子设备、器具及家具Fixed assets - Electronic Equipment, furniture and fixtures 固定资产-运输设备Fixed assets - Automobiles累计折旧Accumulated depreciation固定资产减值准备Impairment of fixed assets工程物资-专用材料Project material - specific materials工程物资-专用设备Project material - specific equipment工程物资-预付大型设备款Project material - prepaid for equipment工程物资-为生产准备的工具及器具Project material - tools and facilities for production在建工程Construction in progress在建工程减值准备Impairment of construction in progress固定资产清理Disposal of fixed assets无形资产-专利权Intangible assets - patent无形资产-非专利技术Intangible assets - industrial property and know-how 无形资产-商标权Intangible assets - trademark rights无形资产-土地使用权Intangible assets - land use rights无形资产-商誉Intangible assets - goodwill无形资产减值准备Impairment of intangible assets长期待摊费用Deferred assets未确认融资费用Unrecognized finance fees其他长期资产Other long term assets递延税款借项Deferred assets debits应付票据Notes payable应付帐款Trade creditors预收帐款Adanvances from customers代销商品款Consignment-in payables其他应交款Other payable to government其他应付款Other creditors应付股利Proposed dividends待转资产价值Donated assets预计负债Accrued liabilities应付短期债券Short-term debentures payable其他流动负债Other current liabilities预提费用Accrued expenses应付工资Payroll payable应付福利费Welfare payable短期借款-抵押借款Bank loans - Short term - pledged短期借款-信用借款Bank loans - Short term - credit短期借款-担保借款Bank loans - Short term - guaranteed一年内到期长期借款Long term loans due within one year一年内到期长期应付款Long term payable due within one year长期借款Bank loans - Long term应付债券-债券面值Bond payable - Par value应付债券-债券溢价Bond payable - Excess应付债券-债券折价Bond payable - Discount应付债券-应计利息Bond payable - Accrued interest长期应付款Long term payable专项应付款Specific payable其他长期负债Other long term liabilities应交税金-所得税Tax payable - income tax应交税金-增值税Tax payable - VAT应交税金-营业税Tax payable - business tax应交税金-消费税Tax payable - consumable tax应交税金-其他Tax payable - others递延税款贷项Deferred taxation credit股本Share capital已归还投资Investment returned利润分配-其他转入Profit appropriation - other transfer in利润分配-提取法定盈余公积Profit appropriation - statutory surplus reserve利润分配-提取法定公益金Profit appropriation - statutory welfare reserve利润分配-提取储备基金Profit appropriation - reserve fund利润分配-提取企业发展基金Profit appropriation - enterprise development fund利润分配-提取职工奖励及福利基金Profit appropriation - staff bonus and welfare fund利润分配-利润归还投资Profit appropriation - return investment by profit利润分配-应付优先股股利Profit appropriation - preference shares dividends利润分配-提取任意盈余公积Profit appropriation - other surplus reserve利润分配-应付普通股股利Profit appropriation - ordinary shares dividends利润分配-转作股本的普通股股利Profit appropriation - ordinary shares dividends converted to shares 期初未分配利润Retained earnings, beginning of the year资本公积-股本溢价Capital surplus - share premium资本公积-接受捐赠非现金资产准备Capital surplus - donation reserve资本公积-接受现金捐赠Capital surplus - cash donation资本公积-股权投资准备Capital surplus - investment reserve资本公积-拨款转入Capital surplus - subsidiary资本公积-外币资本折算差额Capital surplus - foreign currency translation资本公积-其他Capital surplus - others盈余公积-法定盈余公积金Surplus reserve - statutory surplus reserve盈余公积-任意盈余公积金Surplus reserve - other surplus reserve盈余公积-法定公益金Surplus reserve - statutory welfare reserve盈余公积-储备基金Surplus reserve - reserve fund盈余公积-企业发展基金Surplus reserve - enterprise development fund盈余公积-利润归还投资Surplus reserve - return investment by investment主营业务收入Sales主营业务成本Cost of sales主营业务税金及附加Sales tax营业费用Operating expenses管理费用General and administrative expenses财务费用Financial expenses投资收益Investment income其他业务收入Other operating income营业外收入Non-operating income补贴收入Subsidy income其他业务支出Other operating expenses营业外支出Non-operating expenses所得税Income tax。

专有名词的翻译

专有名词的翻译
• 如:外交部长唐家璇译写为 • Tang Jiaxuan ,Minister of Foreign
Affairs. • 已为国内外译者和学者所认可和接受的
译名,应尊重历史加以沿用。 • 如:孔子-Confucius; • 孙中山-Sun Yang certain meaning(组织,机构, 书,电影,标题,地名等。)
半音半译译法
• 当音译、直译或意译均不适合翻译原文 时,可将音译、直译或意译结合起来组 合成汉语词组。
• 把音加在词尾或词头,如: • Neon sign 霓虹灯 • Jeep 吉普车 • Sardine 沙丁鱼 • Hamburger 汉堡包
AP美联社 (associated press) The Great Gatsby《了不起的盖茨比》 • 注意意思改变 Secretary of State 大臣(英)国务卿(美) Chairman主席,总裁,会长,理事长等
英美主要报纸
• Times 美 时代周刊 • The Times 英 泰晤士报 • The Daily Mail 每日邮报 • The Daily Express 每日快报 • New York Post 纽约邮报 • New Weekly 新闻周刊 • Reader’s Digest 读者文摘
• 名从主人:专有名词的音译和转写按照 专有名词指称对象所属国家或民族的读 音和写法。
• 约定俗成:使用范围较广的专有名词应 使用人民已经普遍接受的译名。
• 按实求名:根据专有名词指称对象的具 体内容来确定名称。
音译
• 在保持原发音的同时,具有某种含义, 与产品发生联系。
• 1.名从主人:Johnson 强生 • 2.标准读音:Portland 波特兰 ;
Shakespeare 莎士比亚; Washington华盛顿;Nike耐克

专有名词翻译及名词解释

专有名词翻译及名词解释

1.厌氧-缺氧-好氧A2/O A-anaerobic--厌氧A-anoxic—缺氧O-oxic—好氧2.BAF—曝气生物滤池B-biological A—aerated F—filter3.MBR—膜生物反应器Membrane Bio-Reactor4.质量单位,NG-纳克1千克=1000克1克=1000毫克1毫克=1000微克1微克=1000纳克1纳克=1000皮克1皮克=1000飞克1飞克=1000啊克5.SBR是序列间歇式活性污泥法(Sequencing Batch Reactor Activated Sludge Process)的简称,是一种按间歇曝气方式来运行的活性污泥污水处理技术,又称序批式活性污泥法。

是用来驯化活性污泥的。

6.MLSS(mixed liquid suspended solids)、SVI(污泥体积指数)7.“aerobic–anoxic–anaerobic–anoxic–aerobic” 好氧-缺氧-厌氧-缺氧-好氧厌氧、缺氧、好氧本质差别:厌氧:无分子氧,无具备氧化性的化合态氧(H2O例外,下同),<0.2mg/L释放磷,进行部分有机物的氨化,同时也降解了COD,缺氧:无分子氧,<0.5mg/L有具备氧化性的化合态氧(如硝酸根、亚硝酸根离子等),反硝化生成N2脱氮;好氧:分子氧和化合态氧都可以有,但至少要有分子氧。

COD降解,氨氮硝化成硝酸盐氮,聚磷菌过度吸收磷。

厌氧是厌氧菌参与的生化处理过程,厌氧环境中绝大多数细菌是严格厌氧的,氧气的存在抑制它们的生存和活性,因此要求系统内溶解氧接近于零同时厌氧环境中也有1%左右的兼性厌氧菌,它们能保护甲烷菌这样的严格厌氧菌免受氧的损害与抑制,这是最大的特点,另外,厌氧反应需要较高、较稳定的温度,厌氧反应需要严格控制pH值。

0.2和0.5的区别,是控制操作上的经验区别,并不是区分厌氧、缺氧工艺不同的指标。

实际工程中远远达不到理论上的要求,故溶解氧小于0.2即可认为达到厌氧,溶解氧小于0.5即可达到缺氧。

中国专有名词的英语翻译

中国专有名词的英语翻译

1. 素质教育:Quality Education2. EQ:分两种,一种为教育商数Educational quotient,另一种情感商数Emotional quotient3. 保险业:the insurance industry4. 保证重点指出:ensure funding for priority areas5. 补发拖欠的养老金:clear up pension payments in arrears6. 不良贷款:non-performing loan7. 层层转包和违法分包:mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting8. 城乡信用社:credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas9. 城镇居民最低生活保障: a minimum standard of living for city residents10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度:the system of medical insurance for urban wor kers11. 出口信贷:export credit12. 贷款质量:loan quality13. 贷款质量五级分类办法:the five-category assets classification for bank loans14. 防范和化解金融风险:take precautions against and reduce financial risks15. 防洪工程:flood-prevention project16. 非法外汇交易:illegal foreign exchange transaction17. 非贸易收汇:foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels18. 非银行金融机构:non-bank financial institutions19. 费改税:transform administrative fees into taxes20. 跟踪审计:foolow-up auditing21. 工程监理制度:the monitoring system for projects22. 国有资产安全:the safety of state-owned assets23. 过度开垦:excess reclamation24. 合同管理制度:the contract system for governing projects25. 积极的财政政策:pro-active fiscal policy26. 基本生活费:basic allowance27. 解除劳动关系:sever labor relation28. 金融监管责任制:the responsibility system for financial supervision29. 经济安全:economic security30. 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设:to increase the deficit to spend more on development31. 扩大国内需求:the expansion of domestic demand32. 拉动经济增长:fuel economic growth33. 粮食仓库:grain depot34. 粮食收购企业:grain collection and storage enterprise35. 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行:closed operation of grain purchase funds36. 粮食销售市场:grain sales market37. 劣质工程:shoddy engineering38. 乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款:arbitrary charges, fund-raising, quotas and fines39. 骗汇、逃汇、套汇:obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage40. 融资渠道:financing channels41. 商业信贷原则:the principles for commercial credit42. 社会保险机构:social security institution43. 失业保险金:unemployment insurance benefits44. 偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税:tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes45. 外汇收支:foreign exchange revenue and spending46. 安居工程:housing project for low-income urban residents47. 信息化:information-based; informationization48. 智力密集型:concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive49. 外资企业:overseas-funded enterprises50. 下岗职工:laid-off workers51. 分流:reposition of redundant personnel52. 素质教育:education for all-round development53. 豆腐渣工程:jerry-built projects54. 社会治安情况:law-and-order situation55. 民族国家:nation state56. “台独”:"independence of Taiwan"57. 台湾当局:Taiwan authorities58. 台湾同胞:Taiwan compatriots59. 台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分:Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chine se territory.60. 西部大开发:Development of the W est Regions61. 可持续性发展:sustainable development62. 风险投资:risk investment63. 通货紧缩:deflation64. 扩大内需:to expand domestic demand65. 计算机辅助教学:computer-assisted instruction ( CAI )66. 网络空间:cyberspace67. 虚拟现实:virtual reality68. 网民:netizen ( net citizen )69. 电脑犯罪:computer crime70. 电子商务:the e-business71. 网上购物:shopping online72. 应试教育:exam-oriented education73. 学生减负:to reduce study load74. “厄尔尼诺”:(EL Nino)75. “拉尼娜”:(La Nina)76. “智商”:(IQ)77. “情商”:(EQ)78. “第三产业”:(third/tertiary industry,service sector,third sequence of enterprises)79.“第四产业”:(quaternary/inFORMation industry)79. “军嫂”:(military spouse)80. “峰会”(香港译“极峰会议”)”:summit(conference)81. “克隆”:clone82. “冰毒”:ice83. “摇头丸”:dancing outreach84. “传销”:multi level marketing85. “(计算机)2000年问题”:Y2K problem(y for year, k for kilo or thousand)86. “白皮书”:white paper(不是white cover book)87. “傻瓜相机”:Instamatic(商标名,焦距、镜头均固定,被称为foolproof相机);88. “白条”:IOU note(IOU:债款、债务,由I owe you 的读音缩略转义而来)89. “巡回招聘”:milk round(一种招聘毕业生的方式,大公司走访各大学及学院,向求职者介绍本公司情况并与报名者晤谈)。

专有名词翻译

专有名词翻译

1、月份(month)一月January (Jan.) ;二月February(Feb.) ;三月March(Mar.)四月April(Apr.) ;五月May ;六月June(Jun.)七月July(Jul.) ;八月August(Aug.) ;九月September(Sept.) 十月October(Oct.) ;十一月November(Nov.) ;十二月December(Dec.)2、季节[Season]春天spring;夏天summer;秋天autumn; fall;冬天winter3. 星期[Week]星期日Sunday;星期一Monday;星期二Tuesday;星期三Wednesday 星期四Thursday;星期五Friday;星期六Saturday4、七大洲(Seven greatest continent)、四大洋(Four oceans)亚洲Asia;欧洲Europe;非洲Africa;北美洲North America;南美洲South America;大洋洲Oceania;南极洲Antarctica ;北极Arctic 太平洋Pacific;大西洋Atlantic;印度洋the Indian Ocean;北冰洋the Arctic Ocean5、数字(figure)1.one ;2.two ;3.three ;4.four ;5.five ;6.six ;7.seven ;8.eight ;9.nine ;10.ten ;11.eleven ;12.twelve ;13.thirteen ;20.twenty ;21.twenty-one ;30.thirty;31.thirty-one一百one hundred;一千one thousand;一万ten thousand;十万one hundred thousand;百万million;千万millions and millions;亿a hundred million;十亿one billion6、学科(subject)社会学sociology;历史学history;哲学Philosophy;逻辑学Logic;伦理学Ethics;美学Aesthetics;宗教学Science of Religion;经济学Economics;法学Law / Science of Law/ Legal Science;政治学Political Science;政治制度Political Institution;外交学Diplomacy;人口学Demography;人类学Anthropology;海洋科学Marine Sciences;教育学Education/ Education Science;心理学Psychology;文学Literature;管理学Management Science;数学Mathematics;声学Acoustics;光学Optics;化学Chemistry;天文学Astronomy;气象学Meteorology;地质学Geology;生物学Biology;生理学Physiology;生态学Ecology;医学Medicine;通用前缀:比较-comparative ;应用-applied;临床-clinic;后-post相关:广义general 狭义restricted/ special辩证法/辩证法的,辩证的dialectic悖论paradox 谬论fallacy边缘学科/交叉学科interdisciplinary 跨学科cross-disciplinary实地研究/现场研究field study 理论研究theoretical study文献研究literary study/research评论criticism方法论methodology女权主义feminism现代主义modernism 后现代主义post-modernism现实主义realism 唯物主义materialism 唯心主义idealism (有时为理想主义)内涵connotation(文化内蕴)/ intension 外延denotation(字面意义)/extension归纳induction 演绎deductionhumanism 人本主义,人文主义humanitarianism 人道主义,博爱主义relativism 相对主义(注意不等于物理学中的“相对论”!) 这学名词A theory that conceptions of truth and moral values are not absolute but are relative to the persons or groups holding them.相对主义:认为真理的概念及道德价值不是绝对的而是相对于持有它们的人或集团的理论relativity 相对论(物理学名词)Encyclopedia 百科全书Renaissance 文艺复兴(时期的)。

专有名词翻译

专有名词翻译

1.科学发展观the Outlook of Scientific Development2.倡导公正、合理的新秩序观call for the establishment of a new just and equitable order3.以平等互利为核心的新发展观new thinking on development based on equality and mutual benefit4.推动树立以互信、互利、平等和协作为主要内容的新安全观foster a new thinking on security featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination5.主张形成以尊重多样性为特点的新文明观foster a new thinking on civilization that respects diversity6.新能源观new thinking on energy development有关先进文化的词汇1.古为今用、洋为中用旧译let the ancient serve the present, let the foreign serve the national 现译draw from past and foreign achievements2.文艺工作cultural and art work; work in the cultural field3.牢牢把握先进文化的前进方向firmly keep to the direction of an advanced culture/cultural advancement4.文化与经济和政治互相交融interaction between cultural work, and economic and political activitiescultural elements/factors intermingle with economic and political factors5.民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化a socialist culture that is distinctly Chinese, pro-science and people-oriented6.弘扬主旋律,提倡多样化promote mainstream values and uphold cultural diversity7.以科学的理论武装人,以正确的舆论引导人,以崇高的精神塑造人,以优秀的作品鼓舞人Equip/empower people with scientific theories, guide them with correct opinions/ convey to them right messages/provide them with correct media guidance, imbue them with a noble spirit and inspire them with excellent/fine works8.具有中国气派的社会主义文化Chinese-style socialist culture; socialist culture with Chineseappeal9.越是民族的,越是世界的The pride of a nation is also the pride of the world.What's unique for a nation is also precious for the world.When you are unique, the world comes to you.10.文艺应当贴近群众,贴近生活,贴近实际。

英语专有名词互译

英语专有名词互译

全国人民代表‎大会 Nation‎a l People‎'s Congre‎s s (NPC)主席团 Presid‎i um常务委员会 Standi‎n g Commit‎t ee办公厅Genera‎l Office‎秘书处Secret‎a riat代表资格审查‎委员会Creden‎t ials Commit‎t ee提案审查委员‎会Motion‎s Examin‎a tion Commit‎t ee民族委员会Ethnic‎Affair‎s Commit‎t ee法律委员会Law Commit‎t ee财政经济委员‎会Financ‎e and Econom‎y Commit‎t ee外事委员会Foreig‎n Affair‎s Commit‎t ee教育、科学、文化和卫生委‎员会Educat‎i on, Scienc‎e, Cultur‎e and Public‎Health‎Commit‎t ee内务司法委员‎会Commit‎t ee for Intern‎a l and Judici‎a l Affair‎s华侨委员会Overse‎a s Chines‎e Affair‎s Commit‎t ee法制工作委员‎会Commis‎s ion of Legisl‎a tive Affair‎s特定问题调查‎委员会Commis‎s ion of Inquir‎y into Specif‎i c Questi‎o ns宪法修改委员‎会Commit‎t ee for Revisi‎o n of the Consti‎t ution‎2、中华人民共和‎国主席 Presid‎e nt of the People‎'s Republ‎i c of China3、中央军事委员‎会Centra‎l Milita‎r y Commis‎s ion4、最高人民法院‎S uprem‎e People‎'s Court5、最高人民检察‎院Suprem‎e People‎'s Procur‎a torat‎e6、国务院State Counci‎l(1)国务院部委Minist‎r ies and Commis‎s ions Direct‎l y under the State Counci‎l外交部Minist‎r y of Foreig‎n Affair‎s国防部Minist‎r y of Nation‎a l Defenc‎e国家发展和改‎革委员会Nation‎a l Develo‎p ment and Reform‎Commis‎s ion国家经济贸易‎委员会State Econom‎i c and Trade Commis‎s ion教育部Minist‎r y of Educat‎i on科学技术部Minist‎r y of Scienc‎e and Techno‎l ogy国防科学技术‎工业委员会Commis‎s ion of Scienc‎e, Techno‎l ogy and Indust‎r y for Nation‎a l De-fence国家民族事物‎委员会State Ethnic‎Affair‎s Commis‎s ion公安部Minist‎r y of Public‎Securi‎t y国家安全部Minist‎r y of State Securi‎t y监察部Minist‎r y of Superv‎i sion民政部Minist‎r y of Civil Affair‎s司法部Minist‎r y of Justic‎e财政部Minist‎r y of Financ‎e人事部Minist‎r y of Person‎n el劳动和社会保‎障部Minist‎r y of Labour‎and Social‎Securi‎t y国土资源部Minist‎r y of Land and Resour‎c es建设部Minist‎r y of Constr‎u ction‎铁道部Minist‎r y of Railwa‎y s交通部Minist‎r y of Commun‎i catio‎n s信息产业部Minist‎r y of Inform‎a tion Indust‎r y水利部Minist‎r y of Water Resour‎c es农业部Minist‎r y of Agricu‎l ture对外贸易经济‎合作部Minist‎r y of Foreig‎n Trade and Econom‎i c Cooper‎ation文化部Minist‎r y of Cultur‎e卫生部Minist‎r y of Public‎Health‎国家计划生育‎委员会State Family‎Planni‎n g Commis‎s ion中国人民银行‎P eople‎'s Bank of China国家审计署State Auditi‎n g Admini‎s trati‎o n(2)国务院办事机‎构Office‎s under the State Counci‎l国务院办公厅‎G enera‎l Office‎of the State Counci‎l侨务办公室Office‎of Overse‎a s Chines‎e Affair‎s港澳台办公室‎H ong Kong and Macao Affair‎s Office‎台湾事物办公‎室Taiwan‎Affair‎s Office‎法制办公室Office‎of Legisl‎a tive Affair‎s经济体制改革‎办公室Office‎for Econom‎i c Restru‎c turin‎g国务院研究室‎R esear‎c h Office‎of the State Counci‎l新闻办公室Inform‎a tion Office‎10、新闻出版 News media总编辑 Editor‎-in-chief高级编辑 Full Senior‎Editor‎主任编辑 Associ‎a te Senior‎Editor‎编辑 Editor‎助理编辑 Assist‎a nt Editor‎高级记者 Full Senior‎Report‎e r主任记者 Associ‎a te Senior‎Report‎e r记者 Report‎e r助理记者 Assist‎a nt Report‎e r编审 Profes‎s or of Editor‎s hip编辑 Editor‎助理编辑 Assist‎a nt Editor‎技术编辑 Techni‎c al Editor‎技术设计员 Techni‎c al Design‎e r校对 Proofr‎e ader11、翻译 Transl‎a tion译审 Profes‎s or of Transl‎a tion翻译 Transl‎a tor/Interp‎r eter助理翻译 Assist‎a nt Transl‎a tor/Interp‎r eter 电台/电视台台长 Radio/TV Statio‎n Contro‎l ler 播音指导 Direct‎o r of Announ‎c ing主任播音员 Chief Announ‎c er播音员 Announ‎c er电视主持人 TV Presen‎t er电台节目主持‎人Disk Jockey‎12、工艺、美术、电影 Arts,crafts‎and movies‎导演 Direct‎o r演员 Actor画师 Painte‎r指挥 Conduc‎t or编导 Scenar‎i st录音师 Sound Engine‎e r舞蹈编剧 Choreo‎g raphe‎r美术师 Artist‎制片人 Produc‎e r剪辑导演 Montag‎e Direct‎o r配音演员 Dabber‎摄影师 Camera‎m an 化装师 Make-up Artist‎。

中国专有名词的英语翻译

中国专有名词的英语翻译

1. 素质教育素质教育 :Quality Education 2. EQ:分两种,一种为教育商数Educational quotient,另一种情感商数Emotional quotient 3. 保险业:the insurance industry 4. 保证重点指出:ensure funding for priority areas 5. 补发拖欠的养老金:clear up pension payments in arrears 6. 不良贷款:non-performing loan 7. 层层转包和违法分包:mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting 8. 城乡信用社:credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas 9. 城镇居民最低生活保障:a minimum standard of living for city residents kers 10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度:the system of medical insurance for urban wor11. 出口信贷:export credit 12. 贷款质量:loan quality 13. 贷款质量五级分类办法:the five-category assets classification for bank loans 14. 防范和化解金融风险:take precautions against and reduce financial risks 15. 防洪工程:flood-prevention project 16. 非法外汇交易:illegal foreign exchange transaction 17. 非贸易收汇:foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels 18. 非银行金融机构:non-bank financial institutions 19. 费改税:transform administrative fees into taxes 20. 跟踪审计:foolow-up auditing 21. 工程监理制度:the monitoring system for projects 22. 国有资产安全:the safety of state-owned assets 23. 过度开垦:excess reclamation 24. 合同管理制度:the contract system for governing projects 25. 积极的财政政策:pro-active fiscal policy 26. 基本生活费:basic allowance 27. 解除劳动关系:sever labor relation 28. 金融监管责任制:the responsibility system for financial supervision 29. 经济安全:economic security 30. 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设:to increase the deficit to spend more on development 31. 扩大国内需求:the expansion of domestic demand 32. 拉动经济增长:fuel economic growth 33. 粮食仓库:grain depot 34. 粮食收购企业:grain collection and storage enterprise 35. 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行:closed operation of grain purchase funds 36. 粮食销售市场:grain sales market 37. 劣质工程:shoddy engineering 38. 乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款:arbitrary charges, fund-raising, quotas and fines 39. 骗汇、逃汇、套汇:obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage 40. 融资渠道:financing channels 41. 商业信贷原则:the principles for commercial credit 42. 社会保险机构:social security institution 43. 失业保险金:unemployment insurance benefits 44. 偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税:tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes 45. 外汇收支:foreign exchange revenue and spending 46. 安居工程:housing project for low-income urban residents 47. 信息化:information-based; informationization -intensive 48. 智力密集型:concentration of brain power; knowledge49. 外资企业:overseas-funded enterprises 50. 下岗职工:laid-off workers 51. 分流:reposition of redundant personnel 52. 素质教育:education for all-round development 53. 豆腐渣工程:jerry-built projects 54. 社会治安情况:law-and-order situation 55. 民族国家:nation state 56. “台独”:"independence of Taiwan" 57. 台湾当局:Taiwan authorities 58. 台湾同胞:Taiwan compatriots se 59. 台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分:Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chine territory. 60. 西部大开发:Development of the W est Regions 61. 可持续性发展:sustainable development 62. 风险投资:risk investment 63. 通货紧缩:deflation 64. 扩大内需:to expand domestic demand 65. 计算机辅助教学:computer-assisted instruction ( CAI ) 66. 网络空间:cyberspace 67. 虚拟现实:virtual reality 68. 网民:netizen ( net citizen ) 69. 电脑犯罪:computer crime 70. 电子商务:the e-business 71. 网上购物:shopping online 72. 应试教育:exam-oriented education 73. 学生减负:to reduce study load 74. “厄尔尼诺”:(EL Nino)75. “拉尼娜”:(La Nina)76. “智商”:(IQ)77. “情商”:(EQ)78. “第三产业”:(third/tertiary industry,service sector,third sequence of enterprises)79.“第四产业”:(quaternary/inFORMation industry)79. “军嫂”:(military spouse)80. “峰会”(香港译“极峰会议”)”:summit(conference) 81. “克隆”:clone 82. “冰毒”:ice 83. “摇头丸”:dancing outreach 84. “传销”:multi level marketing 85. “(计算机)2000年问题”:Y2K problem(y for year, k for kilo or thousand) 86. “白皮书”:white paper(不是white cover book) 87. “傻瓜相机”:Instamatic(商标名,焦距、镜头均固定,被称为foolproof相机);88. “白条”:IOU note(IOU:债款、债务,由I owe you 的读音缩略转义而来)89. “巡回招聘”:milk round(一种招聘毕业生的方式,大公司走访各大学及学院,向求职者介绍本公司情况并与报名者晤谈)。

专有名词翻译

专有名词翻译
23、 劳动力投入行为分析: Input Analysis on Labor
24、 资本投入行为分析:Input Analysis on Capital
25、 粮食生产要素; Other Grain Production Factors
26、 粮食生产规模化:Scale Economy of Grain Production或Large-scale of Grain Production
35、 粮食储el of Grain Reserves
36、 最佳粮食储量估计:Optimal Level Grain Reserve
37、 国际化战略思考: A Strategic Thinking on Internationalization
38、 户籍制度: Household-Registration-System
39、 城中村: Urban Villages
40、 粮食生产的市场化选择:Marketization of Grain Production
41、 粮食生产流通市场化路线图: Route Map of Marketization of Grain Production and Distribution
6、 土地兼并:Land Annexation
7、 农民起义:Peasants Revolts
8、 农业改良思想:Agricultural Improvement Ideas
9、 农村改造运动:the Rural Construction Movement
10、 中国近现代:in Modern China
20、 粮食产量的行为分析: An Analysis on Behavior of Grain Output

专有名词翻译

专有名词翻译

世界贸易组织(简称“世贸组织”,World Trade Organization -- WTO)总部设在瑞士日内瓦莱蒙湖畔国际奥林匹克委员会(International Olympic Committee -- IOC) 简称“国际奥委会” 总部设在瑞士洛桑欧洲联盟(简称欧盟,European Union -- EU)总部设在比利时首都布鲁塞尔北大西洋公约组织(North Atlantic Treaty Organization -- NATO),简称北约, 总部设在比利时布鲁塞尔石油输出国组织(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries -- OPEC) ,简称“欧佩克”,欧佩克总部设在维也纳东南亚国家联盟(简称东盟,Association of Southeast Asian Nations -- ASEAN),东盟秘书处(无总部称呼)设在印尼首都雅加达。

美洲国家组织(Organization of American States -- OAS;Organizacion de los Estados Americanos -- OEA) 总部设在美国华盛顿非洲联盟(African Union -- AU,简称“非盟”)总部设在埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴阿拉伯国家联盟简称“阿盟” (League of Arab States -- LAS) 总部位于埃及开罗FDA Food and Drug Administration 美国食品及药物管理局CE or COE Council of Europe 欧洲理事会GRAS Generally Recognized as Safe 一般认为安全ADI Acceptable Daily Intake 日允许摄入量ADB Asian Development Bank 亚洲开发银行ADB African Development Bank 非洲开发银行APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚太经济合作组织ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations 东南亚国家联盟公约BFA Boao Forum for Asia 博鳌亚洲论坛BIE Bureau of International Expositions 国际展览局BIS Bank for International Settlements 国际清算银行CSD Commission on Sustainable Development 联合国可持续发展委员会G 8 Summit Group of Eight Summit 八国集团首脑会议FBI---FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION 联邦调查局NBA---National Basketball Association (美国)国家篮球协会CIA---CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY 中央情报局FIFA 国际足球联合会International Federation of Association FootballIRC 国际红十字会International Red CrossISO 国际标准化组织International Organization for StandardizationOECD 经济合作与发展组织Organization for Economic Cooperation and DevelopmentOPEC 石油输出成员国Organization of Petroleum Exporting CountriesUNCITRAL 联合国国际贸易法委员会United Nations Commission on International Trade LawUNCTAD 联合国贸易与发展会议United Nations Conference on Trade and DevelopmentUNDP 联合国开发计划署United Nations Development ProgramUNEP 联合国环境规划署United Nations Environment ProgramUNESCO 联合国教科文组织United Nations Commission on International TradeUNIDO 联合国工业发展组织United Nations Industrial DevelopmentWEC 世界能源理事会World Energy CouncilWFC 世界粮食理事会World Food CouncilWFDSA 世界直销协会联盟World Direct Selling AssociationsWFP 世界粮食计划署World Food ProgramWIPO 世界知识产权组织World Intellectual Property OrganizationWTCA 世界贸易中心协会World Trade Centers AssociationWTO-OMT 世界旅游组织World Tourism OrganizationWWF 世界自然基金会 World Wide Fund for NatureSix-party talks on the Korean Peninsula nuclear issue (六方会谈)Non-Aligned Movement -- NAM (不结盟运动)FAO(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)?(联合国)粮食及农业组织?UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)?联合国教科文组织?UNCF(United Nations Children's Fund,其前身是United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund)?联合国儿童基金会? UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization)联合国工业发展组织?EEC (European Economic Communities)?欧洲经济共同体?ICRC (International Committee of the Red Cross)?红十字国际委员会UNFCCC(United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)联合国气候变化框架公约Kyoto Protocol 京都议定书UN Climate Change Conference 联合国世界气候大会。

专有名词翻译及名词解释

专有名词翻译及名词解释

1.厌氧-缺氧-好氧A2/O A-anaerobic--厌氧A-anoxic—缺氧O-oxic—好氧2.BAF—曝气生物滤池B-biological A—aerated F—filter3.MBR—膜生物反应器Membrane Bio-Reactor4.质量单位,NG-纳克1千克=1000克1克=1000毫克1毫克=1000微克1微克=1000纳克1纳克=1000皮克1皮克=1000飞克1飞克=1000啊克5.SBR是序列间歇式活性污泥法(Sequencing Batch Reactor Activated Sludge Process)的简称,是一种按间歇曝气方式来运行的活性污泥污水处理技术,又称序批式活性污泥法。

是用来驯化活性污泥的。

6.MLSS(mixed liquid suspended solids)、SVI(污泥体积指数)7.“aerobic–anoxic–anaerobic–anoxic–aerobic”好氧-缺氧-厌氧-缺氧-好氧厌氧、缺氧、好氧本质差别:厌氧:无分子氧,无具备氧化性的化合态氧(H2O例外,下同),<0.2mg/L释放磷,进行部分有机物的氨化,同时也降解了COD,缺氧:无分子氧,<0.5mg/L有具备氧化性的化合态氧(如硝酸根、亚硝酸根离子等),反硝化生成N2脱氮;好氧:分子氧和化合态氧都可以有,但至少要有分子氧。

COD降解,氨氮硝化成硝酸盐氮,聚磷菌过度吸收磷。

厌氧是厌氧菌参与的生化处理过程,厌氧环境中绝大多数细菌是严格厌氧的,氧气的存在抑制它们的生存和活性,因此要求系统内溶解氧接近于零同时厌氧环境中也有1%左右的兼性厌氧菌,它们能保护甲烷菌这样的严格厌氧菌免受氧的损害与抑制,这是最大的特点,另外,厌氧反应需要较高、较稳定的温度,厌氧反应需要严格控制pH值。

0.2和0.5的区别,是控制操作上的经验区别,并不是区分厌氧、缺氧工艺不同的指标。

实际工程中远远达不到理论上的要求,故溶解氧小于0.2即可认为达到厌氧,溶解氧小于0.5即可达到缺氧。

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* 专有名词翻译*Ⅰ.常见职位、职务英文译名Accounting Assistant会计助理Accounting Clerk记帐员Accounting Manager会计部经理Accounting Stall会计部职员Accounting Supervisor会计主管Administration Manager行政经理Administration Staff行政人员Administrative Assistant行政助理Administrative Clerk行政办事员Advertising Staff广告工作人员Airlines Sales Representative航空公司定座员Airlines Staff航空公司职员Application Engineer应用工程师Assistant Manager副经理Bond Analyst证券分析员Bond Trader证券交易员Business Controller业务主任Business Manager业务经理Buyer采购员Cashier出纳员Chemical Engineer化学工程师Civil Engineer土木工程师Clerk/Receptionist职员/接待员Clerk Typist/Secretary文书打字兼秘书Computer Data Input Operator计算机资料输入员Computer Engineer计算机工程师Computer Processing Operator计算机处理操作员Computer System Manager计算机系统部经理Copywriter广告文字撰稿人Deputy General Manager副总经理Economic Research Assistant经济研究助理Electrical Engineer电气工程师Engineering Technician工程技术员English Instructor/Teacher英语教师Export Sales Manager外销部经理Export Sales Staff外销部职员Financial Controller财务主任Financial Reporter财务报告人F.X.(Foreign Exchange)Clerk外汇部职员F.X.Settlement Clerk外汇部核算员Fund Manager财务经理General Auditor审计长General Manager/President总经理General Manager Assistant总经理助理General Manager…s Secretary总经理秘书Hardware Engineer计算机)硬件工程师Import Liaison Staff进口联络员Import Manager进口部经理Insurance Actuary保险公司理赔员International Sales Staff国际销售员Interpreter口语翻译Legal Adviser法律顾问Line Supervisor生产线主管Maintenance Engineer维修工程师Management Consultant管理顾问Manager经理Manager for Public Relatio公关部经理Manufacturing Engineer制造工程师Manufacturing Worker生产员工Market Analyst市场分析员Market Development Manager市场开发部经理Marketing Manager市场销售部经理Marketing Staff市场销售员Marketing Assistant销售助理Marketing Executive销售主管Marketing Representative销售代表Marketing Representative Manager市场调研部经理Mechanical Engineer机械工程师Mining Engineer采矿工程师Music Teacher音乐教师Naval Architect造船工程师Office Assistant办公室助理Office Clerk职员Operational Manager业务经理Package Designer包装设计师Passenger Reservation Staff乘客票位预订员Personnel Clerk人事部职员Personnel Manager人事部经理Plant/Factory Manager厂长Postal Clerk邮政人员Private Secretary私人秘书Product Manager生产部经理Production Engineer产品工程师Professional Staff专业人员Programmer电脑程序设计师Project Staff(项目)策划人员Promotional Manager推销部经理Proof-reader校对员Purchasing Agent采购(进货)员Quality Control Engineer质量管理工程师Real Estate Staff房地产职员Recruitment Coordinator招聘协调人Regional Manger地区经理Research&Development Engineer研究开发工程师Restaurant Manager饭店经理Sales and Planning Staff销售计划员Sales Assistant销售助理Sales Clerk店员、售货员Sales Coordinator销售协调人Sales Engineer销售工程师Sales Executive销售主管Sales Manager销售部经理Salesperson销售员Seller Representative销售代表Sales Supervisor销售监管School Registrar学校注册主任Secretarial Assistant秘书助理Secretary秘书Securities Custody Clerk保安人员Security Officer安全人员Senior Accountant高级会计Senior Consultant/Adviser高级顾问Senior Employee高级雇员Senior Secretary高级秘书Service Manager服务部经理Simultaneous Interpreter同声传译员Software Engineer(计算机)软件工程师Supervisor监管员Systems Adviser系统顾问Systems Engineer系统工程师Systems Operator系统操作员Technical Editor技术编辑Technical Translator技术翻译Technical Worker技术工人Telecommunication Executive电讯(电信)员Telephonist/Operator电话接线员、话务员Tourist Guide导游Trade Finance Executive贸易财务主管Trainee Manager培训部经理Translation Checker翻译核对员Translator翻译员Trust Banking Executive银行高级职员Typist打字员Word Processing Operator文字处理操作员Ⅱ. 公共标志和说明表达100例1、Business Hours 营业时间2、Office Hours 办公时间3、Entrance 入口4、Exit 出口5、Push 推6、Pull 拉7、Shut 此路不通8、On 打开(放)9、Off 关10、Open 营业(多用于商店等营业场所)11、Pause 暂停12、Stop 关闭13、Closed 下班、打烊(注:同10)14、Menu 菜单15、Fragile 易碎16、This Side Up 此面向上17、Introductions 说明18、One Street 单行道19、Keep Right/Left 靠左/右20、Buses Only 只准公共汽车通过21、Wet Paint 油漆未干22、Danger 危险23、Lost and Found 失物招领处24、Give Way 快车先行25、Safety First 安全第一26、Filling Station 加油站27、No Smoking 禁止吸烟28、No Photos 请勿拍照29、No Visitors 游人止步30、No Entry 禁止入内31、No Admittance 闲人免进32、No Honking 禁止鸣喇叭33、Parking 停车?BR>34、Toll Free 免费通行35、F.F. 快进(注:Fast Forward)36、Rew. 倒带(注:Re-Wind)37、EMS (邮政)特快专递38、Insert Here 此处插入39、Open Here 此处开启40、Split Here 此处撕开41、Mechanical Help 车辆修理42、“AA”Film 十四岁以下禁看电影43、Do Not Pass 禁止超车44、No U-Turn 禁止掉头45、U-Turn Ok 可以U形转弯46、No Cycling in the School校内禁止骑车47、SOS 紧急求救信号48、Hands Wanted 招聘49、Staff Only 本处职工专用50、No Litter 勿乱扔杂物51、Hands Off 请勿用手摸52、Keep Silence 保持安静53、On Sale 削价出售、打折54、No Bills 不准张贴55、Not for Sale 恕不出售56、Pub 酒馆57、Cafe 咖啡馆、小餐馆58、Bar 酒巴59、Laundry 洗衣店60、Travel Agency 旅行社61、In Shade 置于阴凉处62、Keep in Dark Place 避光保存63、Poison 有毒/毒品64、Guard against Damp 防潮65、Beware of Pickpocket 谨防扒手66、Complaint Box 意见箱67、For Use Only in Case of Fire 灭火专用68、Bakery 面包店69、Keep Dry 保持干燥70、Information 问讯处71、No Passing 禁止通行72、No Angling 不准垂钓73、Shooting Prohibited 禁止打猎74、Seat by Number 对号入座75、Protect Public Property爱护公共财物76、Ticket Office(or :Booking Office)售票处77、Visitors Please Register 来宾登记78、Wipe Your Shoes And Boots请擦去鞋上的泥土79、Men's/Gentlemen/Gents Room 男厕所80、Women's/Ladies/Ladies' Room女厕所81、Occupied (厕所)有人82、Vacant (厕所)无人83、Commit No Nuisance 禁止小便84、Net(Weight) 净重85、MAN:25032002 生产日期:2002年3月25日86、EXP:25032002 失效期:2002年3月25日87、Admission Free免费入场88、Bike Park(ing) 自行车存车处89、Children and Women First 妇女、儿童优先90、Save Food 节约粮食91、Save Energy 节约能源92、Handle with Care 小心轻放93、Dogs Not Allowed 禁止携犬入内94、Keep Away From Fire 切勿近火95、Reduced Speed Now 减速行驶96、Road Up. Detour 马路施工,请绕行97、Keep Top Side Up 请勿倒立98、Take Care Not to Leave Things Behind 当心不要丢失东西99、Please Return the Back After Use 用毕放回架上100、Luggage Depository 行李存放处Ⅲ. 政府部门常见英语词汇The People‟s Republic of China (P. R. China) 中华人民共和国Province (Hebei Province) 省Prefecture (Cangzhou Prefecture) 区Municipality (Beijing Municipality) 市City (Cangzhou City) 市County (Cangxian County) 县Autonomous 自治(Autonomous District [ Prefecture/ County])Capital (Provincial Capital) 省会Communist Party of China 中国共产党National Party Congress 全国代表大会Fifteenth National Congress 第十五次全国代表大会(十五大)First Plenary Session 第一届中央全会(一中全会)Central Committee 中央委员会member of the Central Committee 中央委员alternate member of the Central Committee 候补中央委员Political Bureau 政治局member of the Political Bureau 政治局委员alternate member of the Political Bureau 政治局候补委员Standing Committee of the Political Bureau 政治局常务委员会member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau 政治局常委Secretariat of the Central Committee 中央书记处General Secretary 总书记Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 中央纪律检查委员会Military Commission of the Central Committee 中央军事委员会International Liaison Department对外联络部Organization Department 组织部United Front Work Department 统战部Propaganda Department 宣传部State President 国家主席President of PRC 中华人民共和国主席Vice President of PRC中华人民共和国副主席National People's Congress 全国人民代表大会Standing Committee 常务委员会Chairman 委员长Vice Chairpersons 副委员长Members of the NPC Standing Committee 常务委员会委员Central Military Committee 中央军事委员会Chairman 主席Vice Chairman 副主席CMC Members 委员Supreme People's Court 最高人民法院President 最高人民法院院长Supreme People's Procuratorate 最高人民检察院Procurator-General 最高人民检察院检察长State Council 国务院Premier 总理Vice Premier 副总理State Councillors 国务委员Ministry of Foreign Affairs 外交部Ministry of National Defense 国防部State Development Planning Commission 国家发展计划委员会State Economic and Trade Commission 国家经济贸易委员会Ministry of Education 教育部Ministry of Science and Technology 科学技术部Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense 国防科学技术工业委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission 国家民族事务委员会Ministry of Public Security 公安部Ministry of State Security 安全部Ministry of Supervision 监察部Ministry of Civil Affairs 民政部Ministry of Justice 司法部Ministry of Finance 财政部Ministry of Personnel 人事部Ministry of Labor and Social Security 劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Land and Natural Resources 国土资源部Ministry of Construction 建设部Ministry of Railways 铁道部Ministry of Communications 交通部Ministry of Information Technology and Telecommunications 信息产业部Ministry of Water Resources 水利部Ministry of Agriculture 农业部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Co-operation 对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Culture 文化部Ministry of Health 卫生部State Family Planning Commission 国家计划生育委员会People's Bank of China 中国人民银行Auditing Administration 审计署Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference 中国人民政治协商会议National Committee 全国委员会Standing Committee 常务委员会Chairman 主席Vice-Chairpersons 副主席democratic party 民主党派Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang 中国国民党革命委员会(民革)China Democratic League 中国民主同盟(民盟)China Democratic National Construction Association 中国民主建国会(民建)Ⅳ. 政府部门常见英语China Association Promoting Democracy 中国民主促进会(民进)Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party 中国农工民主党China Zhi Gong Dang 中国致公党Jiu San Society 九三学社Taiwan Democratic self-government 台湾民主自治同盟(台盟)people's organization 人民团体All-China Federation of Trade Unions 中华全国总工会(全总)Communist Youth League of China 中国共产主义青年团(共青团?All-China Federation of Youth 中华全国青年联合会(全国青联)All-China Students' Federation 中华全国学生联合会(全国学联)China Young Pioneers 中国少年先锋队(少先队)All-China Women's Federation 中华全国妇女联合会(全国妇联)China Association for Science and Technology 中国科学技术协会(中国科协)China Federation of Literary and Art Circles 中国文学艺术界联合会(文联)All-China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese 中华全国归国华侨联合会(全国侨联)China Welfare Institute 中国福利会Red Cross Society of China 中国红十字会Chinese People's Liberation Army 中国人民解放军Headquarters of the General Staff 总参谋部General Political Department 总政治部General Logistics Department 总后勤部General Armament Department 总装备部Ⅴ. 中国国家机关名称China’s State Organs全国人民代表大National People‟s Congress (NPC)主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing Committee办公厅General Office秘书处Secretariat代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee 提案审查委Motions Examination Committee 民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee法律委员会Law Committee财务经济委员会Finance Affairs Committee 外事委员会Foreign and Economy Committee 教育,科学,文化委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs华侨委Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee 法制委员Commission of Legislative Affairs 特定问题委员会Committee of Inquiry into Special Questions宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution中华人民共和国主President of the People‟s Republic of China中央军事委员Central Military Commission 最高人民法院Supreme People‟s Court最高人民检Supreme People‟s Procuratorate 国务院State Council(1)国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Deference国家发展计划委State Development Planning Commission国家经济贸易委员State Economic and Trade Commission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术Ministry of Science and Technology 国家科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Deference国家民族事务委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部Ministry of Public Security国家安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources 建设部Ministry of Construction铁路部Ministry of Railways交通部Ministry of Communications信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry 水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission 中国人民银行People‟s Bank of China国家审计署State Auditing Administration(2)国务院办事机构Offices under that State Council国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council侨务办公厅Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs港澳办公厅Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office台湾办公厅Taiwan Affairs Office法制办公厅Office of Legislative Affairs经济体制办公厅Office for Economic Restructuring国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council新闻办公室Information Office(3)国务院直属机构Departments Directly under the State Council海关总署General Administration of Customs 国家税务总局State Taxation Administration 国家环境保护总局State Environmental Protection Administration中国民用航空总局Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)国家广播电影电视总局State Administration of Radio, Film and Television国家体育总局State Physical Cultural Administration国家统计局State Statistics Bureau国家工商行政管理局State Administration of Industry and Commerce新闻出版署Press and Publication Administration国家版权局State Copyright Bureau国家林业局State Forestry Bureau国家质量技术监督局State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision国家药品监督管理局State Drug Administration (SDA)国家知识产权State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO)国家旅游局National Tourism Administration 国家宗教事务局State Bureau of Religious Affairs国务院参事室Counselors‟ Office of the State Council国务院机关事务管理局Government Offices Administration of the State Council(4)国务院直属事业单位Institutions Directly under the State Council新华通讯社Xinhua News Agency中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering 国务院发展研究中心Development Research Centre of the State Council国家行政学院National School of Administration中国地震局China Seismological Bureau中国气象局China Meteorological Bureau中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRS)(5)部委管理的国家局State Bureau Administration by Ministration or Commission)国家粮食储备局(国家发展计划委员会) State Bureau of Grain Reserve (Under the State Development Planning Commission)国家国内贸易局State Bureau of Internal Trade国家煤炭工业局State Bureau of Coal Industry国家机械工业局State Bureau of Machine Building Industry国家冶金工业局State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry国家石油和化学工业局State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industry国家轻工业局State Bureau of Light Industry 国家纺织工业局State Bureau of Textile Industry国家建筑材料工业局State Bureau of Building Materials Industry 国家烟草专卖局State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau国家有色金属工业局State Bureau of Nonferrous Metal Industry(以上由国家经贸委管理above are all under the State Economic and Trade Commission)国家外国专家局(人事部) State Bureau of Foreign Experts Affairs (under the Ministry of Personnel)国家海洋局(国土资源部) State Bureau of Oceanic Administration (under the Ministry of Land and Resources)国家测绘局(国土资源部) State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping (ditto)国家邮政局(信息产业部) State Post Bureau (under the Ministry of Information Industry)国家文物局(文化部) State Cultural Relics Bureau (under the Ministry of Culture) 国家中医药管理局(卫生部) State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (under the Ministry of Public Health)国家外汇管理局(中国人民银行总行) State Administration of Foreign Exchange (under the People‟s Bank of China)国家出入境检验检疫局(海关总署) State Administration for Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine (under the General Administration of Customs)中国人民团体People‟s Organiza tions of China测绘学会Society of Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography地震学会Seismological Society国际金融学会International Finance Society 国际战略问题学会Institute for International Strategic Studies海洋学会Society of Oceanography科普学会Popular Science Society全国少年儿童文化艺术委员会N at‟l Council on Cultural and Art Work for Children全国少年儿童工作协调委员会Nat‟lChildren‟s Work Coordination Committee全国史学会China Society of History宋庆龄基金会Song Ching Ling Foundation 中国奥林匹克委员会Chinese Olympic Committee中国笔会中心Chinese Pen Centre中国标准化协会China Association for Standardization中国残疾人福利基金会China Welfare Fund for the Handicapped中国出版协会Chinese Publishers Association 中国道教协会Chinese Taoist Association中国电视艺术家协会Chinese Television Artists Association中国电影家协会China Film Association中国法律质询中心Chinese Legal Consultancy Centre中国法律会China Law Society中国翻译工作者协会Translators Association of China中国佛教协会Chinese Buddhists Association 中国福利会China Welfare Institute中国歌剧研究会Chinese Opera Research Institute中国共产主义青年团Communist Youth League of China中国国际法学会Chinese Society of International Law中国国际交流协会Association for Int‟l Understanding of China中国红十字会总会Red Cross Society of China中国会计学会China Accounting Society中国基督教“三自”爱国运动委员会Three-Self Patriotic Movement Committee of the Protestant Churches of China中国基督教协会China Christian Council中国计量测试学会Chinese Society for Measurement中国金融学会Chinese Monetary Society中国考古协会Archaeological Society of China中国科学技术史学会Chinese Society of Science and Technology History 中国科学技术协会China Society and Technology Association中国联合国教科文组织全国委员会Nat‟l Commission of The People‟s Republic of China for UNESCO中国联合国协会United Nations Association of the People‟s Republic of China中国美术家协会Chinese Artists Association 中国民间文艺家协会China Society for the Study of Folk Literature and Art中国企业管理协会China Enterprise Management Association中国曲艺家协会Chinese Ballad Singers Association中国人民保卫儿童基金会Chinese People‟s National Committee for Defence of Children 中国人民对外友好协会Chinese People‟s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries中国少年儿童基金会Children‟s Foundation of China中国少年先锋队China Young Pioneers中国摄影家协会Chinese Photographers Society中国书法家协会Chinese Calligraphers Association中国天主教爱国会Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association中国天主教教务委员会Nat‟l Administrative Commission of the Chinese Catholic Church 中国天主教主教团Chinese Catholic Bishops College中国文学艺术界联合会China Federation of Literary and Art Circles中国舞蹈家协会Chinese Dancers Association中国戏剧家协会Chinese Dramatists Association中国伊斯兰教协会Chinese Islamic Association中国音乐家协会Chinese Musicians Association中国杂技艺术家协会Chinese Acrobats Association中国政法学会China Society of Political Science and Law中国作家协会Chinese Writers Association中化全国妇女联合会All-China Women‟s Federation中华全国工商联合会All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce中华全国归国华侨联合会All-China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese中华全国青年联合会All-China Youth Federation中华全国世界语联合会All-China Esperanto League中华全国台湾同胞联谊会All-China Federation of Taiwan Compatriots中华全国体育总会All-China Sports Federation中华全国新闻工作者协会All-China Journalists‟ Association中华全国总工All-China Federation of Trade Unions中华医学会Chinese Medical Association。

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