英汉语言对比练习

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英汉语言对比与翻译练习

英汉语言对比与翻译练习注意事项：１．英汉语言句法／句式差别；２．体会英汉互译句式转换规律；Sentences:1.In praising the logic of the English language we must not lose sight of the fact that in mostcases where, so to speak, the logic of facts or of the exterior world is at war with the logic of grammar.2.邢夫人携了黛玉坐上，众老婆们放下车帘，方命小厮们抬起，拉至宽处，加上训骡，出了西脚门往东，过荣府正门，如一黑油漆大门内，至仪门前，方下了车。

3.When about three hundred men had been landed from these vessels and were marchingrapidly to camp, the Morini, who had been left by Caesar in a state of peace when he set out for Britain, were fired by the hope of booty, and surrounded the troops, at first with no very large number of folk, bidding them lay down their arms if they did not wish to be killed.4.I had spent a long day on a hired mule before the mail carrier who had been my guide pointedto a cabin on the far side of a stream, mutely refused the money I offered, and rode on.5.Mr. Kennedy apparently was hit by the first of what witness believed were three shots.6.And he knew how ashamed he would have been if she know had known his mother and thekind of place in which he was born, and the kind of people among whom he was born..7.The original members of the United Nations shall be the states which, having participated inthe United Nations conference on International Organization at San Francisco, or having previously signed the Declaration by United Nations of 1 January 1942, sign the present charter and ratify it in accordance with Article 110.8.After watching the fish for some time, they asked me for pairs of several different kinds,pointing them out as they walked down the row of tanks. I netted their choices into a traveling container and slipped it into an insulated bag for transport, handing it to the boy. “carry it carefully,” I cautioned.9.Sickness had robbed her of her confidence that she could carry the load.10.Loneliness held the great masses of immigrants together, and poverty kept them down.11.Starvation was a remote threat.12.There is a crying need for a new remedy.13.There was a mumbled conversation in the background. Then a man’s voice came on thephone.14.The whole devastating experience sharpened my appreciation of the world around me.15.She was always a crier any way.16.The car wound through the village and up a narrow valley, following a thaw-swollen stream.17.The boy, who was crying as if his heart would break, said, when I spoke to him, that he wasvery hungry because he had had no food for two days.18.A long course of poverty and humility, of daily privations and hard words, of kind office andno returns, had been her lot ever since womanhood almost, or since her luckless marriage with George Osborne.(Vanity Fair chapter 57)19.The isolation of the rural world because of distance and the lack of transport facilities iscompounded by the paucity of the information media.20.Petra had become the leader of the girls as soon as she snapped out of her original depressionat coming to Prague.21.Under these conditions there is a large store of energy available to maintain the pressure of theoil zone while production is taking place. This energy actually comes from the expansion of the aquifer water caused by the reduction in pressure resulting from the removal of oil from the reservoir.22.Two hundred pounds of muscle and sinew created by hard work and clean living had meltedto a hundred and sixty-odd; his senior clothing flagged about him.23.Because of the definite feeling in the country that the recession has bottomed out, only 31% ofthose surveyed now believe that the U.S. runs a risk of a major depression, down from 43% in February.24.The community of fowls to which Tess had been appointed as supervisor, purveyor, nurse,surgeon, and friend, made its headquarters in an old thatched cottage standing in an enclosure that had once been a garden, but was now a trampled and sanded square.( Tess of the D’urberville P60)25.By this time there had arisen a shout of laughter at the extraordinary appearance of Car’s back;which irritated the dark queen into getting rid of the disfigurement by the first sudden means available and independently of the help of the scoffers. She rushed excitedly into the field they were about to cross, and flinging herself flat on her back upon the grass began to wipe her gown as well as she could by spinning horizontally on the herbage and dragging herself over it upon her elbows. (Tess P70)26.The young girls formed, indeed, the majority of the band, and their heads of luxuriant hairreflected the sunshine every tone of gold, and black, and brown. Some had beautiful eyes, others a beautiful nose, others a beautiful mouth and figure: few, if any, had all. A difficulty of arranging their lips in this crude exposure to public scrutiny, an inability to balance their heads, and to dissociate self-consciousness from their features, was apparent in them, and showed that they were genuine country girls, unaccustomed to many eyes. (Tess of the D’urbervilles, Chapter II)27.林小姐这天从学校回来就撅起小嘴唇.她掼下书包,并不照例到镜台前梳头发搽粉,却倒在床上看着帐子出神.28.八一嫂正气得抱着孩子发抖，忽然见赵七爷满脸油汗，瞪着眼，准对伊冲过来，便十分害怕，不敢说完话，回身走了。

英汉语言对比-习题·+答案

英汉语言对比-习题·+答案预览说明:预览图片所展示的格式为文档的源格式展示,下载源文件没有水印,内容可编辑和复制英汉语言对比Synthetic vs. AnalyticⅠ. Answer QuestionsDirections: Answer the Questions in English briefly, with examples if necessary. 1.What are synthetic languages(综合语)? How are they characterized?According to Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary, A synthetic language is “Characterized by frequent and systematic use of inflected forms to express grammatical relationship s”2.What are analytical languages（分析语）? How are they characterized?According to The Random House College Dictionary, An analytic language is “Characterized by a relatively frequent use of function words, auxiliary verbs and changes in words order to expr ess syntactic relations, rather than of inflected forms”.3.Why English language is more flexible in word order（语序）? Why is it not so inChinese?Because word order is more connected with the formal changes. If the form change is more flexible, the word order is more flexible. Chinese language is an analytic language, the word order cannot be change at random, in which the relationship between the words are closely related with word order and function words.4.What is the usual word order in English sentences? Whatare the nine types ofinversion in English sentences?The usual word order in English sentence is Subject-Verb-Object. The nine types of inversion in English sentences include: interrogative inversion, imperative inversion, exclamatory inversion, hypothetical inversion, balance inversion, link inversion, signpost inversion, negative inversion, metrical inversion.1. 5.What are the E—C differences in formal words（形式词）?English language is featured in its abundant function words, of which is article. Articles are frequent employed. To use an article or not, and to use a definite one or an indefinite one, makes great difference in expression of meaning. Auxiliary are more frequently used in Chinese. Chinese language contains auxiliary for tense, structural and mood. This last category is especially unique in the language for the richness for delineation of emotions, like the letters 呀、啦、哦、嘛、呢，and others.6.How many kinds of formal words （形式词）are there in English language?2.There are five types of formal words, that is:i.article, including a, an, and the;ii.preposition, like on, in, to, for, as, at, of, with, from, across, etc.;iii.auxiliary verb, like will, do, have;iv.coordinator, including and, but, or;subordinator, like unless, after, for, due to, etc.7.Why Chinese is called Tone Language（声调语言）?Chinese tone can be used for indicating the change of meaning and is not suitable for expressing the certainty, completeness, independence or finality.Ⅱ. Fill in the BlanksDirections: Fill in the blanks with the best answer you have found in the textbook.1.11.综合语的特征是经常性、系统性的运用曲折形式来表现语法关系为特征的语言，分析语的特征是分析语的特征是相对频繁地使用功能词，助词和改变词序来表达句法关系，而不用曲折形式来表达。

英汉对比研究练习题

1.小妹心地善良，性情温和，对她朋友这种没有心肝的行为实在看不顺眼。

2.打肿脸充胖子，吃亏是自己。

3.不到黄河心不死。

4.虽然一部分是真的，但不见得全部都如此。

5.万一有紧急情况，请按红色按钮以切断电源。

6.他深信这件事正确可靠，因此坚持己见。

7.她说话时，泪水长流。

8.他还没有交赎金ransom，我们就把他放了。

1、他拉过一把椅子放在客人的后面。

2、第二天早上，他到镇上借钱买茶叶。

3、他解开大襟上的纽扣，又抓着衣角扇了几下，站起来回家去。

4、她抱住女儿的头痛哭着。

5、她腋下夹着几本书回来了。

6、我要带着孩子到街上走走。

7、暑假里他乘火车到西安去参观。

8、他打发儿子到城里去买些酒来。

1.Xiaomei’s kindly and gentle nature could not but revolt at her friend’s callous behavior.2.If you get beyond your depth , you’ll suffer.3.Until all is over , ambition never dies.4.While this is true of some , it is not true of all.5.Should there be an urgent situation, press the red button to switch off the electricity.6.Because he was convinced of the accuracy of the fact, he stuck to his opinion.7.While she spoke , the tears were running down.8.They set him free when his ransom had not yet been paid.1. He drew up a chair and put it behind the guest.2. The next morning he went into town to borrow money for buy ing tea.3. He unfastened his jacket and swung its opened edges back and forth a few minutes to fan himself.4. Then he stood up and started for home.5. Hugging her daughter, she broke down completely.6. He came back home with some books under his arm.7. I’ll take my child to the street for a walk.8. He went to Xi’an for a visit during the summer vocation. 9. He sent his son to town to buy some wine.。

英汉语言对比作业

The ST:The Real Audrey"My career is a complete mystery to me. It's been a total surprise since the first day. I never thought I was going to be an actress; I never thought I was going to be in movies. I never thought it would all happen the way it did."The real Audrey Hepburn story begins with a little girl who experienced the cruelty and consequences of World War II and who never forgot what liberation felt like or the images of aid arriving to her and thousands like her in Holland.Although she had dreamed of becoming a prima ballerina since childhood, the war rendered her physically incapable of it. Instead, Audrey turned a lost dream into the next best thing; she took modeling jobs where she learned to work in front of the camera, used her training to compete with 4,000 dancers for one of ten spots in a chorus line and, eventually, found herself in front of a motion picture camera. Within three years, the whole world would come to know Audrey as Princess Anne in Roman Holiday. And that is how we came to know her, be captivated by her, and why we are still in love with her.With over 25 movies to her credit, there is no doubt that Audrey achieved a rarefied position as beloved actress and icon of style. Yet, Audrey always considered her work as a UNICEF International GoodwillAmbassador her greatest role. And that is the beauty of Audrey's legacy; that we have the opportunity to know and appreciate her gifts, both as an actress and devoted humanitarian.〈280字，来源：赫本官方网站〉The TT:我们的公主“对我来说,我的事业一直是以一个我不知道下一步会发生什么的形式，在我面前展开成一个世界。

英汉对比单元测试题及答案

英汉对比单元测试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 在英语中，“book”一词的意思是：A. 书B. 笔C. 桌子D. 椅子答案：A2. 英语中的“happy”和汉语中的“快乐”在意义上：A. 完全不同B. 部分相似C. 完全相同D. 部分相反答案：C3. 汉语中的“苹果”在英语中对应的词是：A. appleB. orangeC. bananaD. grape答案：A4. 英语中的“she”指的是：A. 他B. 她C. 它D. 他们答案：B5. 以下哪个词组在英语和汉语中意义相同？A. 看医生B. 看门狗C. 看电影D. 看风景答案：C二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）6. 英语中的“family”在汉语中通常翻译为_。

答案：家庭7. 汉语中的“学习”在英语中可以翻译为_。

答案：study 或 learn8. 英语中的“thank you”在汉语中通常翻译为_。

答案：谢谢9. 汉语中的“老师”在英语中对应的词是_。

答案：teacher10. 英语中的“good morning”在汉语中翻译为_。

答案：早上好三、翻译题（每题5分，共30分）11. 将下列英语句子翻译成汉语：- "What's your name?"答案：你叫什么名字？12. 将下列汉语句子翻译成英语：- 我喜欢吃苹果。

答案：I like eating apples.13. 将下列英语句子翻译成汉语：- "Where are you going?"答案：你要去哪里？14. 将下列汉语句子翻译成英语：- 她是一名医生。

答案：She is a doctor.四、简答题（每题5分，共20分）15. 英语和汉语在语法结构上有哪些主要差异？答案：英语和汉语在语法结构上的主要差异包括：英语使用主谓宾结构，而汉语则更倾向于主谓宾或主宾谓；英语中动词时态和语态的变化较为复杂，汉语则通过时间词和上下文来表达；英语中有明确的冠词使用规则，而汉语中则没有冠词。

英汉语言对比及翻译作业

英汉语言对照与翻译作业1.It is flattering to believe that they are too profound to be expressedso clearly that all who run may read, and very naturally it does notoccur to such writers that the fault is with their own minds which have not the faculty of precise reflection.翻译：以为自己的思想高深，不行能表达得很清楚，让任何人都能理解，这是一种虚荣的念想。

这样的作家产然不会想到，问题仍是出在自己脑子缺少精准思虑的能力。

2. He had a disconcerting habitof expressing contradictory ideas in rapid succession.翻译：他有一种令人不安的习惯：一会儿一个见解，自相矛盾，变化无常。

3．While the present century was in its teens, and on one sunshiny morning in June, there drove up to the great iron gate of MissPinkerton ’ s academy for young ladies, on Chiswick Mall, a large family coach, with two fat horses in blazing harness,driven by a fat coachman in a three-cornered hat and wig, at the rate of four miles an hour. (Thackeray)翻译： (当时 )这个世纪刚过了十几年。

英汉语言对比_华中科技大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年

英汉语言对比_华中科技大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年1.How are you Lennox? Good to see you ______ and about.参考答案:up2.英语的句子书面上以句号、问号或感叹号结尾，句子的界限非常清晰。

参考答案:正确3.古英语词汇在现代英语词汇中无足轻重。

参考答案:错误4.______进入英国，使得英语越来越规范。

参考答案:印刷术5.声母和韵母相同的字、词，其意义往往靠不同的______来区别。

参考答案:声调6.I cannot care less about the result of the interview. 该句的译文是______?参考答案:我一点也不在乎这次面试的结果。

7.汉语的被动式所表达的一般是不如意或不企望的事情参考答案:正确8.I'd do it with pleasure, only that I am too busy. 该句的译文是______?参考答案:我很高兴去做这件事，只是我太忙了做不了。

9.隐喻类似于传统意义上修辞学中的暗喻，指人们用一个具体的概念来理解另一个抽象概念的方式。

参考答案:正确10.英语的结构被动句要比汉语结构被动使用频率高得多。

参考答案:正确11.汉语中的婚姻表达比英语中包含更多的容器隐喻。

参考答案:正确12.“他最近情绪很低落。

"该句的译文是 He's been so ______ lately.参考答案:down13.“望子成龙”的译文是“to hope one's children will ______”。

参考答案:have a bright future14.“pull one's leg”的译文是______?参考答案:开玩笑15.“喜结连理，百年好合。

”该句中包含的婚姻隐喻是______？参考答案:婚姻是连接16.连动结构中所有动词与同一主语构成主谓关系。

英汉语言对比

主语与主题
英汉语言对比
静态与动态
形合与意合
树状与竹状
主语与主题

试比较以下的汉英句子，你有什么发现？
只要用功读书，就能提高成绩。 If one studies hard enough, one will … 国庆节七天我们第一天全家人北京路购物。 On the first day of the seven-day National Day holiday, our whole family … 刮风了，下雨了。 It is windy and rainy.
主语与主题

现在请大家通过翻译一下的简单句子掌握这一技巧。 1.I would not believe what he said. 他的话，我可不信。 2.I did not remember a single point discussed at the meeting. 会上讲了什么，我一点也没记住。 3.He is the best singer. 唱歌，他是最棒的。

形合与意合
思考：汉语也和英语一样具有基本句型吗？
形合与意合

在不同语言中，句子内部连接或者外部连接几乎都是用三中手段：句法手段（Syntactic），词汇手段（Lexical equivalence)和语义手段（Semantic connection)。用前两种手段连接成为形合（hypotaxis），用后一种手段连接成为意合（parataxis）。英语句法结构重形合，句中各个成分的相互结合常用适当的连接词语，以表示其结构关系。汉语句法结构重意合，句中各个成分的相互结合多依靠语义的贯通，语境的映衬，少用连接词语。

英汉语言对比练习答案2

1．翻译下列句子，注意调整语序1）A reader’s perception of the loose, slangy, colloquial, shirt-sleeved quality of much modern prose will be sharpened if he has experienced the conscious elegance of eighteenth-century writers and the solemn lecture-hall pronouncements of the Victorians. （按照逻辑顺序译）【译文】如果一位读者读过18世纪作家的作品，体会到其刻意追求典雅的语言风格，又读过维多利亚女王时代的人在演讲大厅上所作的庄严的发言，他定能更深刻地理解很多现代散文作品那种结构松散、口语色彩浓、好用俚语、不拘形式的语言风格。

2）He felt a qualm in his stomach, and it was more in memory of his own loneliness than anticipation of hers.（按照信息中心译）【译文】他感到一阵心酸，与其说是预见了她的凄凉，倒不如说是想到了他自己的孤独。

3）Based on national realities and taking reasonable aspects of foreign economies, Chinese economists are working to establish socialist market economy, which ensures economic activities follow the requirements of the law of value and the changing relationship between supply and demand. （按照搭配需要译）【译文】在立足本国实际和借鉴海外经济合理成分的基础上，中国经济学者正致力于建立社会主义市场经济，要保证经济活动遵循价值规律的要求，适应供求关系的变化。

英汉语言对比练习

班级：姓名：学号：序号：
根据相关英汉语言对比知识回答下列问题：
1.英汉语动词在语法意义和造句作用方面有什么差异？此种差异对翻译和第二
语言习得有什么借鉴意义？
2.如何理解英语重形合、汉语重意合？英汉语此种特征对翻译有什么指导意
义？
3.什么是异化和归化？在语际转换过程中，异化原则和归化原则可用于解决那
些问题？
4.英汉语合成构词有什么区别？其各自的特点对于翻译实践有何意义？
5.英汉语语序有何差异？
6.为什么说英语是树状结构语言而汉语是竹状结构语言？此种差异对英汉互译有什么样
的启示？
7.如何理解英语是静态语言而汉语是动态语言？举例说明此种差异对翻译的指导意义。

8.什么是话题和评论？如何理解汉语多话题-评论型句式而英语多主语-谓语型句式？举例
说明。

9.英汉名词的语法功能之间的差异是什么？
10.为什么有些语言学家认为英语是综合-分析语？
11.试从英汉思维差异说明说明为什么英语多物称主语，而汉语多人称主语？
12.英汉定语的位置和词序有何差异？
13.“祈使句+陈述”能表示哪些意义？
14.什么情况下英语要使用被动句？
15.英汉社会差异有何差异？。

英汉语言对比与翻译练习

英汉语言对比与翻译练习英汉语言对比与翻译练习注意事项：１．英汉语言句法／句式差别；２．体会英汉互译句式转换规律；Sentences:1.In praising the logic of the English language we must not lose sight of the fact that in mostcases where, so to speak, the logic of facts or of the exterior world is at war with the logic of grammar.2.邢夫人携了黛玉坐上，众老婆们放下车帘，方命小厮们抬起，拉至宽处，加上训骡，出了西脚门往东，过荣府正门，如一黑油漆大门内，至仪门前，方下了车。

3.When about three hundred men had been landed from these vessels and were marchingrapidly to camp, the Morini, who had been left by Caesar in a state of peace when he set out for Britain, were fired by the hope of booty, and surrounded the troops, at first with no very large number of folk, bidding them lay down their arms if they did not wish to be killed.4.I had spent a long day on a hired mule before the mail carrier who had been my guide pointedto a cabin on the far side of a stream, mutely refused the money I offered, and rode on.5.Mr. Kennedy apparently was hit by the first of what witness believed were three shots.6.And he knew how ashamed he would have been if she know had known his mother and thekind of place in which he was born, and the kind of people among whom he was born..7.The original members of the United Nations shall be the states which, having participated inthe United Nations conference on International Organization at San Francisco, or having previously signed the Declaration by United Nations of 1 January 1942, sign the present charter and ratify it in accordance with Article 110.8.After watching the fish for some time, they asked me for pairs of several different kinds,pointing them out as they walked down the row of tanks. I netted their choices into a traveling container and slipped it into an insulated bag fo r transport, handing it to the boy. “carry it carefully,” I cautioned.9.Sickness had robbed her of her confidence that she could carry the load.10.Loneliness held the great masses of immigrants together, and poverty kept them down.11.Starvation was a remote threat.12.There is a crying need for a new remedy.13.There was a mumbled conversation in the background. Then a man’s voice came on thephone.14.The whole devastating experience sharpened my appreciation of the world around me.15.She was always a crier any way.16.The car wound through the village and up a narrow valley, following a thaw-swollen stream.17.The boy, who was crying as if his heart would break, said, when I spoke to him, that he wasvery hungry because he had had no food for two days.18.A long course of poverty and humility, of daily privations and hard words, of kind office andno returns, had been her lot ever since womanhood almost, or since her luckless marriage with George Osborne.(Vanity Fair chapter 57)19.The isolation of the rural world because of distance and the lack of transport facilities iscompounded by the paucity of the information media.20.Petra had become the leader of the girls as soon as she snapped out of her original depressionat coming to Prague.21.Under these conditions there is a large store of energy available to maintain the pressure of theoil zone while production is taking place. This energy actually comes from the expansion of the aquifer water caused by the reduction in pressure resulting from the removal of oil from the reservoir.22.Two hundred pounds of muscle and sinew created by hard work and clean living had meltedto a hundred and sixty-odd; his senior clothing flagged about him.23.Because of the definite feeling in the country that the recession has bottomed out, only 31% ofthose surveyed now believe that the U.S. runs a risk of a major depression, down from 43% in February.24.The community of fowls to which Tess had been appointed as supervisor, purveyor, nurse,surgeon, and friend, made its headquarters in an old thatched cottage standing in an enclosure that had once been agarden, but was now a trampled and sanded square.( T ess of the D’urberville P60)25.By this time there had arisen a shout of laughter at the extraord inary appearance of Car’s back;which irritated the dark queen into getting rid of the disfigurement by the first sudden means available and independently of the help of the scoffers. She rushed excitedly into the field they were about to cross, and flinging herself flat on her back upon the grass began to wipe her gown as well as she could by spinning horizontally on the herbage and dragging herself over it upon her elbows. (Tess P70)26.The young girls formed, indeed, the majority of the band, and their heads of luxuriant hairreflected the sunshine every tone of gold, and black, and brown. Some had beautiful eyes, others a beautiful nose, others a beautiful mouth and figure: few, if any, had all. A difficulty of arranging their lips in this crude exposure to public scrutiny, an inability to balance their heads, and to dissociate self-consciousness from their features, was apparent in them, and showed that they were genuine country girls, unaccustomed to many eyes. (Tess of the D’urbervilles, Chapter II)27.林小姐这天从学校回来就撅起小嘴唇.她掼下书包,并不照例到镜台前梳头发搽粉,却倒在床上看着帐子出神.28.八一嫂正气得抱着孩子发抖，忽然见赵七爷满脸油汗，瞪着眼，准对伊冲过来，便十分害怕，不敢说完话，回身走了。

英汉对比试题及答案

英汉对比试题及答案一、选择题1. 下列哪个选项是英语中“书”的对应词？A. ChairB. BookC. DeskD. Pen答案：B2. 在汉语中，“红色”对应的英语单词是什么？A. BlueB. RedC. GreenD. Yellow答案：B3. 英语中表示“学习”的动词是什么？A. PlayB. LearnC. WorkD. Rest答案：B4. “老师”在英语中怎么说？A. TeacherB. StudentC. DoctorD. Nurse答案：A5. 下列哪个短语在英语中表示“在周末”？A. At weekendB. On weekendC. In weekendD. During the weekend答案：D二、填空题6. 英语中“早上好”是 _______。

答案：Good morning7. “谢谢你的帮助”在英语中可以表达为 _______。

答案：Thank you for your help8. “我来自中国”用英语怎么说？答案：I come from China / I am from China9. “他喜欢游泳”在英语中的正确表达是 _______。

答案：He likes swimming10. “明天见”的英文表达是 _______。

答案：See you tomorrow三、翻译题11. 将下列汉语句子翻译成英语。

“他每天骑自行车上班。

”答案：He rides his bike to work every day.12. 将下列英语句子翻译成汉语。

“She is a teacher at the university.”答案：她是大学里的一位老师。

13. 翻译下列英语短语。

“Take care of yourself.”答案：照顾好自己。

14. 将下列汉语句子翻译成英语。

“这个周末我们打算去爬山。

”答案：We plan to go hiking this weekend.15. 翻译下列英语句子。

英汉语言对比(二)练习答案

英汉语言对比(二)课后练习答案一、翻译下列谚语和惯用语1.All good things come to an end.天下没有不散的宴席。

2.Help a lame dog over a stile. 雪中送炭。

3.It is good fishing in troubled waters.浑水摸鱼。

4.Every dog has his day.十年河东，十年河西。

5.Constant dripping wears away the stone. 滴水穿石。

6.Customs make things easy.习惯成自然。

7.城门失火，殃及池鱼。

A fire on the city wall brings disaster to the fishin the boat.8.路遥知马力，日久见人心。

As a long road tests a horse’s strength, so along task proves a person’s heart.9.情人眼里出西施。

Beauty lies in the lover’s eyes.10.谋事在人，成事在天。

Man proposes, God disposes.11.无风不起浪There is no smoke without fire.12.隔墙有耳。

Walls have ears.二、翻译以下句子1.里根刚上台时在做法上跟执政时期的卡特别无二致。

Early Reagan was a mirror image of early Carter.2.其重要性无论怎样夸大其词也不为过。

We cannot exaggerate its importance.3.人的思想形成了语言，而语言又形成了人的思想。

Language is shaped by, and shapes human thought.4.人非圣贤，孰能无过；过而能改，善莫大焉。

To err is human and to mend is a supreme merit.5.明年我们不应再给农民打白条了。

英汉语言对比作业及答案

1. Not knowing her telephone number, I can not contact her immediately. 【译文】由于不知道她的电话号码，我无法立刻与她联系。

2. Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration.【译文】无知是恐惧的根源，也是敬佩的根源。

3. With all his achievements he remains modest and prudent.【译文】她虽有很多成就，但还是谦虚谨慎。

4. Everything considered, your essay seems better written.【译文】如果各方面都考虑到，你的论文似乎会写得更好些。

5. We maintain that no peace situation is permanent which does not take into account the legitimate wishes of the majority of the people of any country.【译文】我们认为，如果不尊重一个国家大多数人民的正当愿望，任何和平局面都不会是持久的。

6.。

A reader’s perception of the loose, slangy, colloquial, shirt-sleeved quality of much modern prose will be sharpened if he has experienced the conscious elegance of eighteenth-century writers and the solemn lecture-hall pronouncements of the Victorians. （按照逻辑顺序）【译文】如果一位读者读过18世纪作家的作品，体会到其刻意追求典雅的语言风格．又读过维多利亚女王时代的人在演讲大厅上所作的庄严的发言，他定能更深刻地理解很多现代散文作品那种结构松散、口语色彩浓、好用俚语、不拘形式的语言风格。

英汉对比翻译练习

英汉对比翻译练习
19. 吃苦在前，享受在后。 20. 聪明一世，糊涂一时。 21. 有饭大家吃。 22. 不到黄河心不死。 23. 问遍千家成行家。 24. 不打不相识。 25. 敌进我退，敌驻我扰，敌疲我打，敌退我追。
英汉对比翻译练习
19. Be the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts. 20. Smart as a rule, but this time a fool. 21. Let everybody share the food if there is any. 22. Until all is over, ambition never dies. 23. Learn from numerous advisers, and you will be a master. 24. Out of blows friendship grows. / No discord, no concord. 25. The enemy advances, we retreat; the enemy camps, we harass; the enemy tires, we attack; the enemy retreats, we pursue.
英汉对比翻译练习
6. When Chou En-lai’s door opened they saw a slender man of more than average height with gleaming eyes and a face so striking that it bordered on the beautiful. 7. To err is human, to forgive divine. 8. 天高云淡。 9. 请勿酒后驾车。 10. 烤羊肉 11. 两个乡干部 12. 鸡不吃了

英汉对比考试题库及答案

英汉对比考试题库及答案一、选择题1. 英语中，表示“和”的词是：A. AndB. OrC. ButD. So答案：A2. 汉语中，表示“但是”的词是：A. 但是B. 并且C. 然而D. 所以答案：A3. 在英语中，以下哪个词组表示“无论如何”？A. In any caseB. In any wayC. In any placeD. In any time答案：A4. 在汉语中，“无论如何”可以翻译为：A. 无论如何B. 无论如何都要C. 无论如何都不要D. 无论何时答案：A5. 英语中，表示“因为”的词是：A. BecauseB. SinceC. AlthoughD. If答案：A6. 汉语中，表示“因为”的词是：A. 因为B. 所以C. 尽管D. 然而答案：A二、填空题1. 英语句子 "I love you" 在汉语中可以翻译为 "________"。

答案：我爱你2. 汉语句子“他很聪明” 在英语中可以翻译为 "He is very________."。

答案：smart3. 英语中的 "Good morning" 在汉语中可以翻译为“________”。

答案：早上好4. 汉语中的“晚安” 在英语中可以翻译为 "________"。

答案：Good night三、翻译题1. 将下列英语句子翻译成汉语：- "I have a dream."答案：我有一个梦想。

2. 将下列汉语句子翻译成英语：- “她正在学习英语。

”答案：She is studying English.四、简答题1. 请简述英语和汉语在语法结构上的一个主要差异。

答案：英语和汉语在语法结构上的主要差异之一是英语强调词序和形态变化，而汉语则依赖于语序和语境来表达语法关系。

2. 请解释英语中的“虚拟语气”是什么，并给出一个例句。

英汉语言对比

汉语句子结构呈竹节状，逐节（短语或小句
）展开。汉语的句子可以在同一施事或主题语之下按逻辑顺序铺陈，虽然小句间有逗号隔开，但语句的联系仍是紧密的。这样，汉译时经常由英语的树状转化为汉语的竹节状。
例如：The boy, who was crying as if his heart would break, said, when I spoke to him, that he was very hungry because he had had no food for two days. [译文] 男孩哭得心都快碎了，当我问及他时，他说饿极了，有两天没吃了。从上例可看出，英语十分注重句子的形式和结构的完整，上面英语句子主干为The boy said ，有5个从句，who, as if, when, that, because等多个连接成分，形成一个空间构架，犹如“枝叶繁茂的参天大树”，呈树状。而相应的汉语节节展开,言简意赅，语意连贯，结构紧凑，呈竹状。
汉：意合无形态语词的内蕴体现语法和语义信息；句法结构不完备汉语以名词为中心，只要表达语义，不管句子是否完备；无须使用过多连接词等衔接手段，只要达意即可。
比较以下英汉句子

1. Even if the monk can run away, his temple cannot run with him. 跑得了和尚，跑不了庙。 2. Even if I were to be beaten to death, I will not tell. 打死我也不说。 3. Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. 谦虚使人进步，骄傲使人落后。 4. If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？ 5. We will not attack unless we are attacked. 人不犯我，我不犯人。

英汉语言对比练习

Chapter 1Ⅰ. Answer QuestionsDirections: Answer the Questions in English briefly, with examples if necessary.1. What are synthetic languages(综合语)? How are they characterized?2. What are analytical languages（分析语）? How are they characterized?3. How man formal changes are possible to English words? Is there any formal change（形态变化）in Chinese language?4. Why English language is more flexible is word order（语序）? Why is it not so in Chinese?5. What is the usual word order in English sentences? Which are the nine types of inversion in English sentences?6. What are the E—C differences in formal words（形式词）?7. How many kinds of formal words （形式词）are there in English language?8. How is English phonological system(语音系统) formed? How is Chinese one?9. Does Chinese phonological and characteristic system have any advantage in literary forms?10. Why Chinese is called Tone Language（声调语言）?Ⅱ. Fill in the BlanksDirections: Fill in the blanks with the best answer you have found in the textbook.11.综合语的特征是，分析语的特征是。

英汉互译英汉语言对比练习2

英汉互译英汉语言对比练习2英语语言对比练习分析句子内部结构和关系，翻译时注意母语的迁移现象：1. 人到齐就开会。

2.不要人云亦云。

3. 帐单撕碎了。

4. 问题解决了。

5.你再说一个字，我马上走6. 你死了，我去当和尚。

7. 人在阵地在。

8. 人无远虑，必有近忧。

9. 病来如山倒，病去如抽丝。

10. 我来他已去。

11. 他人老心不老。

12. He wore dark glasses, and thick jersey, and stopped up his ears with cotton wool.13. Some Americans pop across the border simply to fuel up on flavorful Mexican food and beer.14. But his attack was always repulsed击退by a kick or blow from a stick.15. Kino hurrying towards to his house, felt a surge of exhilaration.分析观察汉语的句式并翻译：1. 他决定去拉车，/就拉车去了。

/赁了辆破车，/他先练练腿。

/第一天没拉着什么钱。

/第二天的生意不错，/可是躺了两天，/他的脚脖子肿得像两条瓠子似的，/再也抬不起来。

2. 原来这婆娘自从药死武大，/哪那里肯带孝，/每日只是浓妆艳抹，/和西门庆作一处取乐。

/听得武松叫声“武二归来了”，/慌忙去面盆里洗落了脂粉，/剥去了首饰钗环，/蓬松挽了个髻，/脱去了红裙绣袄，/旋穿上孝群孝衫，/便从楼上哽哽咽咽假哭下来。

//3. 武松沉吟了半晌，/便出门去，/径投县里来；/开了锁，/去房里换了一身素净衣服，/便叫士兵打了一条麻绦，/系在腰里；/身边藏了一把尖长柄短背厚刃薄的解腕刀，/取了些银两带在身边。

翻译时注意英汉两种语言之间修饰语的差异：姑娘北京姑娘漂亮的北京姑娘年轻漂亮的北京姑娘身材苗条年轻漂亮的北京姑娘两个身材苗条年轻漂亮的北京姑娘正看着我们的两个身材苗条年轻漂亮的北京姑娘正面带笑容看着我们的两个身材苗条年轻漂亮的北京姑娘翻译下面句子，注意英汉两种语言形合与意合的差异：5.All was cleared up some time later when news came froma distant place that an earthquake was felt the very day the little copper ball fell.6.When I try to understand what it is that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes, of which one goes much deeper than the other.7. It has been a fine, golden autumn, a lovely farewell to those who would close their youth, and some of them their lives, before the leaves turned again in a peacetime fall.8. The many colors of a rainbow range from red on the outside to violet on the inside.9. He had a disconcerting habit of expressing contradictory ideas in rapid succession.10. Power can be transmitted over a great distance with practically negligible loss if it is carried by an electric current.11. The present onslaught猛攻/猛击of vehicles poses a serious threat to urban life and pedestrian peace of mind.12.He boasts that a slave is free the moment his feet touch British soil and he sells the children of the poor at six years of age to work under the lash in the factories for sixteen hours a day.13.They would have had to live the rest of their lives under the stigma耻辱/瑕疵that they had recklessly precipitated an action which wrecked the Summit Conference and conceivably could have launched a nuclear war.14. Could any spectacle, for instance, be more grimly可怕whimsical荒谬than that of gunners using science to shatter men’s bodies while, cl ose at hand, surgeons use it to restore them?15. There is nothing more disappointing to a hostess who has gone to a lot of trouble or expense than to have her guest so interested in talking politics or business with her husband that he fails to notice the flavor of the coffee, the lightness of the cake, or the attractiveness of the house, which may be her chief interest and pride.1.说是说了，没有结果。

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