空中英语教室2010年8月课文

Catalog
0802: VOLCANO BOARDING – A HOT NEW ACTION SPORT (2)
0803: BUSINESS JARGON_1 (4)
0804: BUSINESS JARGON_2 (6)
0805: HISTORY CREDITS THIS ASTRONOMER WITH MOVING THE EARTH_1 (8)
0806: HISTORY CREDITS THIS ASTRONOMER WITH MOVING THE EARTH_2 (10)
0807: HISTORY CREDITS THIS ASTRONOMER WITH MOVING THE EARTH_3 (12)
0809: BETTY BOOP (15)
0810: UNCOVERING THE MYSTERY OF FAMILY NAMES_1 (17)
0811: UNCOVERING THE MYSTERY OF FAMILY NAMES_2 (19)
0812: WORST CASE SCENARIO: HOW TO DEAL WITH TRA VEL DISASTERS _1 (22)
0813: WORST CASE SCENARIO: HOW TO DEAL WITH TRA VEL DISASTERS _2 (23)
0814: WORST CASE SCENARIO: HOW TO DEAL WITH TRA VEL DISASTERS _3 (26)
0816: THE MANY SIDES OF MATT DAMON_1 (29)
0817: THE MANY SIDES OF MATT DAMON_2 (30)
0818: WATER FOR THE WORLD_1 (33)
0819: WATER FOR THE WORLD_2 (35)
0820: DINNER IS SERVED_1 (37)
0821: DINNER IS SERVED_2 (39)
0823: TAINAN: THE HEART OF TAIWAN_1 (41)
0824: TAINAN: THE HEART OF TAIWAN_2 (43)
0825: IPHONE GAMES TAKE FLIGHT (46)
0826: SPEAK THROUGH WORDS AND PICTURES_1 (48)
0827: SPEAK THROUGH WORDS AND PICTURES_2 (50)
0828: LUKE’S BLOG (52)
0830: THE REAL WORLD OF REAL ESTATE_1 (53)
0831: THE REAL WORLD OF REAL ESTATE_2 (55)
0802:V o l c a n o B o a r d i n g–A H o t N e w A c t i o n S p o r t Travel to Nicaragua for new adventure ride
Flying down a 400-meter-long slide like Taichung’s Sky Pool provides plenty of excitement for most. But for those who like more extreme adventures, Nicaragua offers an even more exciting “slide” experience. Instead of sliding down water, people slide down volcanic ash (火山灰) on the side of an active volcano! Volcano boarding began in 2005 when a local tour company came up with the idea. Since then, over 10,000 people have traveled to Cerro Negro to give it a try. Cerro Negro is one of Nicaragua’s most active volcanoes. Riding down the side of a smoking volcano is an experience like no other.
How is it down?
After a 45-minute climb to the volcano’s rim, riders put on protective gear. They receive brief instructions and then try sliding down a short slope. After that, it’s time for the real thing! Sitting on a specially designed board, riders push off and fly straight down a 488-meter slope. The black volcano ash provides a dusty, dirty ride. But boarders usually arrive at the bottom with smiles on their faces. With riders reaching speeds up to 82 km/h, volcano boarding offers a
one-of-a-kind adventure ride!
[課文] …for those who like more extreme adventures, Nicaragua offers an even more exciting “slide” experience.
－＞…for the people who like more extreme adventures, Nicaragua offers an even more exciting “slide” experience.
[Tips] for those who ~ for the people who…
We use this phrase when we want to focus on how something it was or will be different for certain group of people compare to the rest.
*Every member in the tour group will get a sandwich and a drink for lunch; for those who want to have dessert, they just need to pay 52 dollars more.
*Most students have no trouble completing their assignments; but for those who need extra help, they could meet with the school counselor after school.
V olcanoes火山，可以分成三類，1.active volcano活火山，2.dormant volcano休眠火山，3.extinct volcano死火山。

Lava[ˈlɑːvə]岩漿。

An excerpt from the Bigfoot Adventure website reads: “After a 45-minute hike up the
mountain we are standing at the top, wondering how we’ll get down! However, after a lesson on boarding and a quick 5-meter practice run we are ready! At one moment we are sitting and waiting for a push, the next we are flying down the side of a volcano at 80km/hr! ”
Extreme (adj.) 極端的，激烈的，極度的。

*The extreme weather conditions made the desert journey really difficult.
極端的天候讓這趟沙漠之旅非常艱辛。

*Always use extreme caution when you take medication.
服用藥物的時候總是要特別謹慎。

Come up with (idiom) 想出，突出某想法、計畫或答案。

*The students came up with several options for their new club’s name.
學生們想出了幾個新社團可以選用的名字。

*After several hours, we finally came up with the correct answer to the difficult math problem.
經過幾個小時我們終於想出這很難的數學題的正確答案。

Rim (n.) 邊緣。

*The rim of the glass was broken.
這個玻璃杯的邊緣破掉了。

*The basketball bounced back from the rim.
籃球從球框彈回來。

*The rims of the tires are rusted and need to be replaced.
輪胎邊緣的鋼圈已經生鏽需要更換。

Gear (n.)[U] equipment, clothing, etc needed for an expedition, a sport, etc（遠征、運動等）需用的設備、裝備、衣物等。

*All his camping gear was packed in the rucksack.
他的野營物品全都放在背囊裡了。

*We’re only going for two days; you don’t need to bring so much gear!
我們只去兩天，你不用帶那麼多東西!
Excerpt (n.) (= extract)書、電影、樂曲等的節錄。

*excerpts from a novel 一部小說的節錄。

*I’ve seen a short excerpt from the film on TV.
我在電視上看過這部電影的片段。

0803:B u s i n e s s J a r g o n_1
Understanding confusing business conversations
Have you ever attended a meeting only to leave wondering what it was about? If so, you may be a victim of business jargon. Jargon – words used by a group of people that aren’t generally understood – has both advantages and disadvantages. Many professionals use specialized terms that help them communicate specific ideas that are hard to describe in simple language. Unfortunately, the use of jargon can result in confusion. This is especially true when speakers use terms that their listeners misunderstand or don’t understand at all.
These examples of commonly used business jargon may help you figure out what’s going on. But use them carefully – don’t leave your audience struggling to interpret what you are talking about.
Water under the bridge
This phrase refers to events of the past. Generally, the term suggests that the past should be forgotten and people should move forward. Last year’s mistakes are water under the bridge.
Touch base
When people touch base, they get in contact with each other. The term is often used in reference to meetings. Let’s touch base on Thursday afternoon.
[課文] Have you ever attended a meeting only to leave wondering what it was about? [Tip] only to ~ however or but
*Jessica thought she was late for the party only to discover that she was actually the first one to arrive.
*Paulo’s family moved to the city for better job opportunities only to find themselves in poverty.
In deep water指陷入困境、有麻煩了。

Keep your head above water(尤用於經濟上)指不欠債、維持生計、避免挨餓或破產。

Throw the baby out with the bathwater通常用在否定句，Don’t throw the baby out with the bathwater.意思是不要把好東西連同壞東西一起拋棄。

Beware of silent dog and still water警惕無聲之狗會咬人，平靜之水會覆舟。

You can lead a horse to water, but you can’t make him drink. 師傅引進門，修行在個人。

All water runs to his mill.好事都讓他碰上了。

(指某人走運)
Bring water to someone’s mouth (or make someone’s mouth water)使某人垂延、流口水、羨慕。

Carry fire in one hand and water in the other口是心非，施展兩面手法。

Come hell or high water無論碰到什麼困難。

*I’ll get you to the airport by noon, come hell or high water!
Draw water to one’s (own) mill事事為自己打算，抓住每個利己的機會。

Draw water with (or in) a sieve (= pour water into a sieve)白費力氣。

Fish in troubled (or muddy) waters混水摸魚。

*He often buys up stock in companies declaring bankruptcy; fishing in troubled waters generally pays off.
Wade not in unknown waters不知水深淺，千萬莫輕涉。

We never know the value of water till the well is dry井枯方知水之可貴。

Written in water 曇花一現。

Disadvantage (n.) 不利條件，弱點。

*The disadvantage of international travel is the extremely high cost.
國際旅遊的缺點就是費用極度的高。

*After weighing the advantages and disadvantages, we decided to move to the suburbs.
經過一番優缺點的考量之後，我們決定要搬到郊區。

Interpret (v.) 1. 詮釋，說明，解釋。

2. 口頭的翻譯。

*Few people can accurately interpret confusing stock market figures.
只有少數的人才能夠正確解讀令人迷惑的股市統計數字。

*The non-native speaking audience member had to ask someone to interpret the speech for him.
這位不會說當地話的聽眾得請別人翻譯演講的內容給他聽。

Reference (n.) 有關，涉及。

In reference to (phrase) 有關某個對象。

*The CEO made no reference to the possible bank merger in the meeting.
執行長在會中並未提及可能與銀行合併的事情。

*What should we do in reference to Richard’s tardiness?
關於Richard遲到的問題我們該怎麼做呢？
Jargon (n.) [U] 術語。

*technical, scientific, legal, medical etc jargon
*She uses so much jargon I can never understand her explanations.
她用的術語太多，我怎麼也聽不懂她的講解。

Specialize (v.) 1. {+ in something}be or become a specialist成為專家，專門從事，專攻。

2. give particular attention to (a subject, product, etc); be well-known for 專注
於(某項目、產品等)，以…聞名。

Specialized (adj.) 專門的，專業的。

Specialization (n.) 專業化，特殊化。

Specialty (n.) 專長，擅長。

Specialist (n.) (= expert) {+ in subject}專家。

*In collage I specialize in organic chemistry.
在學院裡我主修有機化學。

*A secondary area of specialized academic study, requiring fewer courses and credits than a major.
輔修專業學術研究的第二個特定領域，其要求的課程和學分比主修課還少。

*Technological change may undermine a country’s basis for specialization.
技術上的變化會無形中摧毀一國專業化的根基。

*His specialty is ancient French.
他專門研究的領域是古法語。

*A specialist in English linguistics. 英語語言學專家。

0804:B u s i n e s s J a r g o n_2
CONTENT：
Tee up
People use this term to describe making preparations for something. It is often used to describe preparing technical support for presentations. Can you tee up the DVD player while I get the projector working?
Take it to the next level
When you take something to the next level, you are improving or intensifying it. Let’s take this project to the next level and improve our sales.
The ball is in your court
People say this when it is someone else’s turn to do something or make a decision. It often suggests the speaker is waiting for someone else to act. I’ve done all I can. Now the ball is in Matthew’s court.
Apples and oranges
This term is often used when arguing that two things are too different to be compared. Comparing the new arena to the new hospital is like comparing apples and oranges.
Strike while the iron is hot
To strike while iron is hot is to proceed while you have the chance. The term is often used to encourage people to take action quickly. If we want to make this sale, we need to strike while the iron is hot!
CHAT：
大型的戶外球場稱field，但是棒球除了可以用field也可以用ballpark來稱棒球場，內野球場稱diamond。

較小型室內球場，尤其牽涉到網子的，我們會用court，ex: basketball court，tennis court，volleyball court。

而曲棍球是在溜冰場比賽，所以用另一個字rink，ex: hockey rink曲棍球場。

保齡球場稱做bowling alley，而球道稱做lane。

Arena原本是指古羅馬競技場，現在表示室內的運動場，而stadium 是指戶外大型體育場。

Projector (n.) 投影機，放映機。

Slide projector幻燈片機
*You need to focus the projector to make the images clear.
要讓畫面更清楚你要調整投影機的焦聚。

Intensify (v.) 加強，增強，使強化。

*Tension between the two parties has recently intensified due to controversial proposal.
這個具爭議性的提案造成兩黨間最近緊繃的情勢升高。

*The couch intensified the team’s training by adding more time to practice.
教練增加球隊練習的時間來加強訓練。

Proceed (v.) pro有向前的意思，ceed有走的意思。

進行，開展。

Proceed to do something表示進行下一件事情。

*Preparations for the wedding banquet are proceeding very smoothly.
婚宴的預備進行得非常順利。

*He put on his glasses and proceeded to read the novel.
他戴上眼鏡之後然後讀小說。

0805:H i s t o r y c r e d i t s t h i s a s t r o n o m e r w i t h m o v i n g t h e E a r t h_1
Nicolaus Copernicus Moving Astronomy Forward
Nicolaus Copernicus (1473- 1543) changed the world by challenging the common beliefs of his time. He completely altered the way people thought about their world and the universe. Thanks to Copernicus’ theories, the entire Western world began to shift its perspective from an Earth-centered universe to a
sun-centered system.
The broadly educated student
Copernicus was born into a wealthy merchant family in Poland in 1473. When his father died, 10-year-old Copernicus moved in with his uncle, who later became a Roman Catholic bishop (天主教主教). While raising Copernicus, his uncle directed both the boy’s advancement in the church and his education. Copernicus began his university studies at the University of Cracow where mathematics, astronomy and astrology sparked his interest. But he left before finishing his degree, as was common at the time, and went to work for the church in Frombork. Then he followed in his uncle’s footsteps by studying at the University of Bologna. While there, he lived with Domenico Maria Novara, the school’s chief astronomy professor. Novara was probably the first person Copernicus had ever met who dared to challenge the 1,400-year-old conclusions of the era’s paramount astronomer: Ptolemy.
When you study history, not everything is neat and orderly. Copernicus’ nationality, for example, has been hotly debated for many years. It stems from the fact that Copernicus was living in a German speaking territory, which happened to belong to Poland. This is why some encyclopedias state Copernicus was Polish but others say Copernicus was a child of a German family under the authority of the Polish king.
Follow someone’s steps表示步上某人的後塵。

另一個片語take after someone通常用在家人之間，表示遺傳到某人的長相或個性意思，ex: That girl takes after her mother. 那個女孩遺傳到媽媽。

A chip off the old block指同一個模子印出來的，這通常用來讚美某人的言行舉止像父親或母親，
Perspective (n.) spect字根表示看的意思。

看法，觀點。

*The award-winning movie looks at the Civil War from a slave’s perspective.
這部獲獎電影用一個黑奴的角度來詮釋南北戰爭。

*The new manager brought a fresh perspective to our department.
這位新的經理替我們部門帶來新的觀點。

Astrology (n.) aster字根表示星星，logy字根表示某種學理。

占星學。

Astronomy (n.) 天文學。

*People study astrology because they believe the stars influence their futures.
人們研究占星學因為他們相信星星會影響他們的未來。

Paramount[ˈpærəmaunt] (adj.) para字首有超越的意思，mount字根是指山。

至
高無上的，最重要的。

*There are many important factors in running a school, but providing outstanding teaching is paramount.
建一所學校有許多重要的因素，但是提供優良的教學是最重要的。

Merchant (n.) 批發商，經營某貨物的商人。

Merchant bank (n.) 商業銀行。

*an import-export merchant 進出口批發商。

*a coal-merchant 煤商，a wine-merchant 酒商。

Neat (n.) 1. (of things) arranged in an orderly way, done carefully, tidy (指事物)安排有序的，細心完成的，整齊的。

2. (指人)喜歡整齊的，細心的。

2. [口] fine, splendid 好的，絕妙的。

*neat work, writing, etc 精心的作品，寫的勻整的字。

*She has a neat figure. 她身材勻稱。

*He gave a neat summary of the financial situation.
他對財務狀況作了簡要的概括。

*a neat movie, idea, car 好的電影，主義，汽車。

Encyclopedia[ɪnˌsaɪkləˈpiːdiə] (n.) 百科全書。

Encyclopedic (adj.) 百科全書的，學識淵博的。

[USAGE]comprehensive, comprehensible, understanding
comprehensive ~ including all the necessary facts, details, or problems that need to be dealt with 廣泛的，全面的，綜合的。

comprehensible ~ possible to understand 易於理解的。

understanding ~ sympathetic about people's problems 體諒的，通情達理的。

*a comprehensive description, account, report, etc 全面的描述，敘述，報導等。

*She has a comprehensive grasp of the subject.
*His report was barely comprehensible. 他的報告很難理解。

*My parents are very understanding. 我父母親很通情達理。

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From Bologna, Copernicus went on to the University of Padua to study medicine, which at the time closely linked to astrology. While studying how the movements of heavens’ spheres affected a person’s health, Copernicus became an expert on the night sky.
Setting at the University of Ferrara, his fourth and final university, Copernicus obtained his first and only degree: a doctorate in canon law (教會法規). With his broad education complete, Copernicus returned to Frombork in 1510 to resume his duties with the church.
The revolutionary astronomer
In Copernicus’ day, Europe believed the Earth sat motionless at the center of the universe. People were convinced the sun, moon and planets revolved around the Earth, and the second-century Greek astronomer Ptolemy had “proven” it with mathematics.
Although busy with church work, Copernicus made time for his scientific work, finding several problems with Ptolemy’s Earth-centered model. More significantly, Copernicus found that a sun-centered model with a revolving Earth fit the data much better. Although centuries of tradition and superstition suggested otherwise, mathematical calculations convinced Copernicus that Earth was not fixed at the universe’s center. Instead, he realized Earth moved with the other planets in yearly revolutions around the sun.
博士和醫生都叫doctor，而博士的學位是a doctor’s degree也可以叫做是a doctorate或是用縮寫Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy)，其中philosophy是哲學但並不是說所有科系的學位都是拿哲學科系的學位，當中的philosophy來自希臘文，表示愛好及智慧，所以任何科系的最高學位都如此稱之，ex: a Doctor of Philosophy in Literature文學博士，a Doctor of Philosophy in Physics物理學博士，a Doctor Philosophy in Philosophy哲學博士。

[課文] Although busy with church work, Copernicus made time for his scientific work…
－＞Although Copernicus was busy with various priestly responsibilities, he made time for his scientific work.
[句型] Although + subject + be +adjective, subject + verb
Shorten it －＞Although + adjective, subject + verb.
*Although Andy was angry at his younger brother, he still helped him clean his room.－＞Although angry at his younger brother, Andy still helped him clean his room.
*Although Kathy was confused with the man, she didn’t want to stop and ask someone for directions.
－＞Although confused with the map, Kathy didn’t want to stop and ask someone for directions.
Resume [rɪˈzuːm] (v.) 重新開始，停頓後再繼續。

*The manager resumed job right after his surgery.
手術之後經理就立刻恢復上班。

*Bobby resumed reading after he answered the phone.
Bobby接電話以後又開始閱讀。

Revolve (v.) 旋轉，運轉。

Revolve around someone or something指以某個對象為中心。

*There are many satellites revolving around the Earth.
地球周圍有很多人造衛星繞著運轉。

*The Earth revolves around the Sun once a year.
地球每年繞太陽公轉一次。

*Our lives revolve around our kids.
我們的生活以孩子為中心。

Superstition (n.) 迷信，迷信的行為。

*Few people still believe in the old superstition that the number 13 is unlucky.
很少人仍相信數字十三是不吉利的這個以前的迷信。

*Superstition and ignorance kept the tribes people from communicating with the outside world.
迷信和無知讓這些部落的居民不和外界溝通。

Sphere [sfɪr] (n.) 球體，球形。

Cube立方體，cylinder圓柱體，cone圓錐體，pyramid角錐體。

The Pyramid埃及金字塔(P大寫)。

Canon[ˈkænən] (n.) 1. general rule, standard or principle by which sth is judged 總
的規則，標準，原則。

2. 真經，真作。

3. 大教堂教士。

*This film offends against all the canons of good taste.
這部影片違反了審美的一切準則。

*the canon of Holy Scripture <聖經>的真經。

*the Shakespeare canon 莎士比亞真本。

[Daily Usage] 圓括弧()用法
1.補充說明：
*OK－＞Sales revenue of the company dropped sharply (by 10 percent) in only week.
*Better－＞Sales revenue of the company dropped by a sharp 10 percent sharply in only week.
2.舉例說明：
*OK－＞Many factors can affect one student’s learning (interest, family, friendship, etc.).
*Better－＞Many factors can affect one student’s learning such as interest, family and friendship.
3.表示縮寫：
*The CEO (chief executive officer) is the person with the most authority in a large company.
4.句子中插入連續編號：
*According to shape People are divided into four categories: (1) tall, (2) low, (3) fat, and (4) thin.
= According to shape People are divided into four categories: 1. tall, 2. low, 3. fat, and 4. thin.
Warning: not to use 1), 2), 3)
5.無法確定單複數形：
*Make sure you give the ticket(s) to Bill. <想表示不確定是一張還是多張的感覺> *Make sure you give all tickets to Bill. <一般說法>
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While his conclusions would answer astronomers’ questions, Copernicus was well aware that “moving the Earth” would shake the foundations of everyone else’s worldview (世界觀). So sometime before 1514, he carefully revealed his conclusions, gradually introducing them in an essay he sent only to various colleagues in philosophy and astronomy. Over the next several years, he refined his results while his theory circulated around Europe, spreading his reputation as a remarkable astronomer.
In 1539, a young mathematician named Georg Rheticus came to study under the seasoned 66-year-old astronomer. Fascinated by his conclusion, Rheticus worked with Copernicus to publish an introduction to his sun-centered universe model.
Its success pushed Copernicus to complete and publish his entire, massive
six-volume work, On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres (天體運行論), at the end of his life. Legend holds that Copernicus held a published copy of his life’s work on his deathbed on May 24, 1543.
In subsequent year, astronomers built upon Copernicus’ conclusion, continuing to challenge the previous perspective. By the 1700s, it was nearly impossible to find an astronomer who wasn’t convinced of the Copernican model’s accuracy. Copernicus’ impact on both astronomy and how pursue knowledge today has truly been astronomical.
Essay指一篇文章，另一個同義字是paper，但是paper尤其是research paper比較長的報告，另外在美國申請大學也要寫一篇college essay通常是一篇可以自由發揮的文章或者是自傳，為的是讓招生委員會更認識申請人。

在報章雜誌上也有essay是指短文或是評論，他通常是用在報紙的Op-Ed Section專欄版，其中Op-Ed (Opinion and Editorial)。

Season (v.) 1. (食物)調味。

2. (木頭)風乾後適用。

In season (指食物)當令的，在旺季＜－＞out of seaso n。

The season’s greeting用於聖誕節問候語。

Season-ticket長期票。

Seasoned (adj.) 經驗豐富的。

*Season the chicken with pepper.
*Mix the ingredients and season to taste (= add the amount of salt etc that you think tastes right). 混合材料與適當的調味料。

*Strawberries are cheaper when they’re in season. 草莓當令時便宜些。

*well-seasoned oak, birch, etc 充分風乾可用的橡木，樺木等。

*The seasoned traveler eventually became a writer and recorded all of his experiences in a book.
這位經驗豐富的旅行家後來成為一位作者而且在書中記錄了他所有的經歷。

*The seasoned real-estate agent has many faithful clients.
這個老經驗的房地產仲介有許多忠實的客戶。

Hold (v.) 認為，相信，持有。

Legend holds that傳說中相信或認為某件事是真的。

*The little girl still holds the belief that her mom will come back.
這個小女孩仍然相信她媽媽會回來。

*Legend holds that Mozart could compose music spontaneously.
傳說中相信莫札特可以即興作曲。

Astronomical [ˌæstrəˈnɑmɪkəl] (adj.) 原指天文學的，天文的。

引申為龐大的，極大的。

*The new computer system can process astronomical amount of data in a very short period of time.
這個新的電腦處理系統可以在短時間內處理大量的資料。

Subsequent (adj.) [文] later, following後來的，隨後的。

Subsequently (adv.) Subsequent to (prep) 在…之後。

Consequent (adj.) [文] (+ on/upon) happening as a result of a particular event or situation 有某事物引起的，隨之發生的。

Consequently (adv.) [USAGE] sequent指接續而來的，sub- 指在…之後。

Con指一起。

*The first and all subsequent visits were kept secret.
第一次及隨後的各次訪問均嚴守秘密。

*He confessed to other crimes subsequent to the bank robbery.
他供認搶劫銀行後，又坦白了其他罪刑。

*His resignation and the consequent public uproar affect employees’ moods.
他的辭職而引起的公眾譁然影響員工們的心情。

*the rise in prices consequent upon the failure of the crops
由於農作物歉收而引起的物價上漲。

0809:B e t t y B o o p
This 1930s character is still stealing hearts today
With her dark curly hair and big eyes, Betty Boop “boop-oop-a-dooped” her way into everyone’s heart. “Born” on August 8, 1930, Betty actually started “life” as a dog. But soon her dog ears changed into big gold earrings, and she became all girl. By 1932, she was American’s first multi-talented animated female star. She could do drama, comedy and musicals. Betty appeared in more than 100 cartoons as well as several films. In addition, she appeared in newspaper comic strips (報紙連載漫畫) from 1934 to 1937. Betty last appeared in a film in 1939. Then she disappeared. But she reappeared in the 1980s and gained a new generation of fans.
Today, Betty’s image is everywhere. She even has a rose and a perfume named for her. Young people buy merchandise with her picture on it, including cell phone covers, clothing, calendars and clocks. Most likely they know very little about her film days but lover her sweet face. While her little girl voice is a thing of the past, her image lives on. No one can take her “boop-oop-a-doop” away.
[課文] With her dark curly hair and big eyes, Betty Boop “boop-oop-a-dooped” her way into everyone’s heart.
[Tips] boop-oop-a-dooped ~ This word is a noun, but here use it to be verb, verbification (動詞化). Always in informal situations
*She likes to sing on her way to school.
－＞She likes to “la-la-la” her way to school.
*Let me Google that information and see what I can find.
microwave ~ To microwave food or drink means to cook or heat it in a microwave oven.
*Bob microwaves his lunch.
Name當動詞就是取名或命名，name for就是(某東西)以某人的名字命名，而如果命名的對像是人介系詞會用after，ex: My sister was named after my grandmother.我的妹妹是以我祖母的名字命名的。

Name from是以事物的名字命名，ex: 某條街是named from a Beatles song。

Something was named for someone
Someone was named after someone
Something was named from something
Multi-talented (adj.) 多才多藝的。

Multi-colored多種顏色的。

Multilingual 使用多種語言的。

*Will Smith is a multi-talented actor who plays a variety of characters in his movie roles.
威爾史密斯是為多才多藝的演員在電影中飾演各式各樣的角色。

Animated (adj.) 1. 動畫的。

2. 活潑的，活躍的。

*”Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs” is one of Disney’s classic animated cartoons. 白雪公主和七個小矮人是迪士尼的經點動畫之一。

*”Shrek” is my favorite animated character.
史瑞克是我最喜歡的動畫人物。

*We had an animated discussion about our Christmas plans.
我們討論聖誕節的計畫討論的非常熱烈。

Merchandise (n.) [U] 商品，貨物。

(v.) 販賣，推銷產品。

*The store’s merchandise is mostly imported from China.
這家店販售的商品大多數是由大陸進口的。

*The product is merchandised through online websites.
這個商品是透過網路的網站販買的。

Curly (adj.) 捲曲的。

＜－＞straight直的。

[USAGE] SALON: long, medium, short 長，中，短髮。

Wavy hair 波浪髮。

Curly 很鬈。

Thinning 打薄。

Hair shampoo洗頭。

Permanent燙髮。

Hair coloring 染髮。

Hair treatment護髮。

Hair setting整髮。

Nail care指甲保養。

Pedicure修腳指甲。

Earring (n.) 耳環。

*She was wearing a pair of beautiful diamond earrings.
她帶一副很漂亮的鑽石耳飾。

Musical (n.) 音樂劇，歌舞片。

*Webber had three musicals playing in London at one time.
Webber一次在倫敦有三齣音樂劇的演出。

Most likely (adv.) 很可能，多半，大概。

*This information will most likely topple the leader in our government.
這份資料很可能推翻政府的領導人。

0810:U n c o v e r i n g t h e M y s t e r y o f F a m i l y N a m e s_1 Where do English family names come from?
Go to America, and you’re certain to find people with the last names Smith, Johnson, Williams, Jones and Brown. That’s because these surnames are the five most common in the nation. Over 300 million people living in America today use around 152,000 last names. And while some of these names are common and others are unique, all of them have a story to tell.
Surnames begin to surface
Throughout much of history, surnames were not considered necessary. For thousands of years, people only used first, or given, names. The world was less populated, and because everyone knew their neighbors, one title of address was enough. When two people living in the same area shared the same first name, a simple solution was developed. A second name was adopted to distinguish one individual from the other, but these names were seldom passed on. When the French conquered England in 1066, they brought the practice of using surnames with them. This practice slowly became popular, and by 1400, most people were using surnames they inherited from their families.
When Europeans began immigrating to America their surnames often took on different spellings and pronunciations. After reaching their new name, millions of immigrants volunteered to have their family names changed so that they would be easier for others to pronounce. Many immigrants found it easier to adjust to American culture with American-sounding names, so they gladly took on their new names.
Address可以讀[ˈædres]，也可以讀[əˈdres]，讀[ˈædres]只可以代表地址且是美國人的發音，ex: What’s your address?，但是英國人會發[əˈdres]。

除了代表地址，也可以帶別對人的稱呼、演說、致詞，而這時候就要讀[əˈdres]，ex: 課文中的One title of address was enough. 一個頭銜的稱呼就足夠了。

Surname (n.) sur字首有”在…之上”的意思。

姓氏，也可以叫做last name。

*I thought John was French because his surname is Dupont.
我認為John是法國人，因為他的姓氏是Dupont。

*Don’t forget to write down your surname on your test.
考試卷上別忘了寫上你的姓。

Distinguish (v.) (+ from/between)分辨，區別。

*It’s hard to distinguish Sean from his twin brother Simon. They look exactly alike. 要分辨Sean和他雙胞胎弟弟Simon很困難。

他們看起來完全一樣。

Pass on (ph. v.) 傳承，傳遞下去。

Pass as (= pass for)被當作，被看作…。

Pass around分發，傳送。

Pass away (婉轉)死的意思，避開die的用詞。

Pass by sth/sb走過，經過，從旁經過。

Pass sb by擦身而過，冷落某人。

Passer-by (n.) (複數－＞passers-by) 過路人。

Pass down (尤用被動)將某物一代傳下一代。

Pass off (指事情)發生於某狀態。

Pass sb/sth off 冒充(某人/某物)。

Pass out失去知覺，昏倒。

Pass sb over (尤用被動)不被考慮提升，另外提升較年輕的或職位較低的。

Pass over sth忽略或不理會某事物。

Pass up放棄，放過機會。

Pass through 穿過，經歷。

*Kevin’s family’s beautiful antique ring was passed on to me when we got engaged. Kevin家族中這個美麗的傳家古董戒指在我們訂婚的時候傳給了我。

*Please make sure this message gets passed on to your supervisor.
請確定這個口信有傳達給你的老闆。

*His French is so good that he can pass as a Frenchman.
他法文很好以致於可能被當成法國人。

*Pass the cookies around, would you? 將蛋糕分下去好嗎？
*His mother passed away last year. 他母親去年過世。

*Will you be passing by supermarket on your way home? 你回家會經過超市嗎？
*She felt that life was passing her by. 她感覺生活從他身邊溜走。

*knowledge which has been passed down over the centuries 世代相傳的知識。

*The demonstration passed off without incident. 遊行自始自終未發生意外。

*He escaped by passing himself off as a guard. 他冒充警察逃走了。

*I nearly passed out when I saw all the blood. 當我看到全部的血我幾乎是昏厥了。

*He was passed over in favor of a younger man. 沒考慮提升他提升了一個小伙子。

*Sex is a subject he prefers to pass over. 關於性的問題他盡量迴避。

(因使他尷尬) *I don’t think you should pass up the opportunity to go to university.
我不認為你應該放棄這個上大學的機會。

*She passed through a difficult period after her marriage failed.
她婚姻破裂後一度十分困難。

Inherit [ɪnˈherɪt] (v.) 1. receive (property, a title, etc) as a result of the death of the。