中国财政经济出版社大学英语(2010年修订版)大学英语(B)9套模拟试卷及答案和解析

2010年12月高等学校英语应用能力考试B级真题及完整解析

Part I Listening ComprehensionSection A1. A. Here you are. B. That’s nice.C. Don’t worry.D. It doesn’t matter.2. A. No, you can’t. B. Yes, I am.C. Please don’t.D. Fine, thanks.3. A. No, it isn’t. B. Yes, it is.C. Quite well.D. Thanks a lot.4. A. Hurry up. B Take it easy.C. No problem.D. Mind your steps.5. A. After you ,please. B. Take care.C. This way, please.D. Sure, I will.Section B6. A. A writer. B. A musician.C. An engineer.D. A doctor.7. A. Very interesting. B. Rather difficult.C. Too simple.D. Quite good.8. A. She hasn’t got the job. B. She hasn’t pass the exam.C. She has got a headache.D. She has lost her bag.9. A. On the television. B. In the newspaper.C. On the Internet.D. From a friend.10. A. Training. B. Sales.C. Service.D. Quality.Section CGood morning, Mr. Black. Take a seat, please.Welcome to the 11 . Before we start, let me give you some idea of what I’d like to talk about you today. 12 , you’ll be given a few minutes to introduce yourself. You ca n tell us about your education, job 13 , interests, hobbies, or anything else you’d like to tell us. After that, I’ll give you some information about our company and the job you are 14 . If you have any question about the job, 15 to a sk me. I’ll be happy to answer them. Now, let’s start.Part II Vocabulary & StructureSection A16. The report gives a picture of the company’s future development.A. centralB. cleanC. clearD. comfortable17. The company has been producing this model of machine tool 2008.A. sinceB. afterC. forD. before18. Please your report carefully before you hand it in to me.A. turn toB. bring aboutC. go overD. put up19. The next board meeting will focus the benefits for the employees.A. byB. forC. withD. on20. Breakfast can be to you in your room for an additional charge.A. eatenB. servedC. usedD. made21. If more money had been invested, we a factory in Asia.A. will set upB. have set upC. would have set upD. had set up22. Even in small companies, computers are a(n) tool.A. naturalB. essentialC. carefulD. impossible23. We were excited to learn that the last month’s sales by 30%.A. had increasedB. increaseC. are increasingD. have increased24. your name and job title, the business card should also include your telephone number and address.A. As far asB. In addition toC.In spite ofD.As a result of25. Have you read our letter of December 18, in we complained about the quality of your product?A. thatB. whereC. whatD. whichSection B26. Could you tell me the (different) between American and British English in business writing?27. John is the (good) engineer we have ever hired in our department.28. The people there were really friendly and supplied us with a lot of (use) information.29. You’d better (give) me a call before you come to visit us.30. Greenpeace is an international (organize) that works to protect the environment.31. The final decision (make) by the team leader early next week.32. Have you ever noticed any (improve) in the work environment of our factory?33. We can arrange for your car to (repair) within a reasonable period of time.34. It was only yesterday that the chief engineer (email) us the details information about the project.35. We have received your letter of May 10th, (inform) us of the rise of the price.2008年12月说明：假定你是JKM公司的Thomas Black, 刚从巴黎（Paris）出差回来，请给在巴黎的Jane Costa小姐写一封感谢信。

2010年考研英语真题(含答案解析)

2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In 1924 America's National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting大1家workers' productivity. Instead, the studies ended 大2家giving their name to the "Hawthorneeffect", the extremely influential idea that the very 大3家to being experimented upon changed subjects' behavior.The idea arose because of the 大4家behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to 大5家of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not 大6家what was done in the experiment; 大7家something was changed, productivity rose. A(n) 大8家that they were being experimented upon seemed to be 大9家to alter workers' behavior 大10家itself.After several decades, the same data were 大11家to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments hasanother surprise store 大12家the descriptions on record, no systematic 大13家was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to 大14家interpretation of whathapped. 大15家, lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output大16家rose compared with the previous Saturday and 17 to rise for the next couple of days. 大18家, a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers 大19家to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case, before 大20家 a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged "Hawthorne effect" is hard to pin down.1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restored2. [A] at [B] up [C] with [D] off3. [A] truth [B] sight [C] act [D] proof4. [A] controversial [B] perplexing [C] mischievous [D] ambiguous5. [A] requirements [B] explanations [C] accounts [D] assessments6. [A] conclude [B] matter [C] indicate [D] work7. [A] as far as [B] for fear that [C] in case that [D] so long as8. [A] awareness [B] expectation [C] sentiment [D] illusion9. [A] suitable [B] excessive [C] enough [D] abundant10. [A] about [B] for [C] on [D] by11. [A] compared [B] shown [C] subjected [D] conveyed12. [A] contrary to [B] consistent with [C] parallel with [D] peculiar to13. [A] evidence [B] guidance [C] implication [D] source14. [A] disputable [B] enlightening [C] reliable [D] misleading15. [A] In contrast [B] For example [C] In consequence [D] As usual16. [A] duly [B] accidentally [C] unpredictably [D] suddenly17. [A] failed [B] ceased [C] started [D] continued18. [A] Therefore [B] Furthermore [C] However [D] Meanwhile19. [A] attempted [B] tended [C] chose [D]intended20. [A] breaking [B] climbing [C] surpassing [D] hittingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to w riters who are.’”Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lif etime, though, he was also one of England’s foremost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that[A] arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers.[B] English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.[C] high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.[D] young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.22. Newspaper reviews in England before World War II were characterized by[A] free themes.[B] casual style.[C] elaborate layout.[D] radical viewpoints.23. Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on?[A] It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals.[B] It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.[C] Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.[D] Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.24. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs?[A] His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.[B] His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.[C] His style caters largely to modern specialists.[D] His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.25. What would be the best title for the text?[A] Newspapers of the Good Old Days[B] The Lost Horizon in Newspapers[C] Mournful Decline of Journalism[D] Prominent Critics in MemoryText 2Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods. received one for its "one-click" online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.Now the nation's top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S. court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski, as the case is known , is "a very big deal", says Dennis D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It "has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents." Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court's judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should "reconsider" its state street Bank ruling. The Federal Circuit's action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example the justices signaled that too manypatents were being upheld for "inventions" that are obvious. The judges on the Federal circuit are "reacting to the anti-patent trend at the Supreme Court", says Harold C. Wegner, a patent attorney and professor at George Washington University Law School.26. Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of[A] their limited value to business[B] their connection with asset allocation[C] the possible restriction on their granting[D] the controversy over authorization27. Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?[A] Its ruling complies with the court decisions[B] It involves a very big business transaction[C] It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuit[D] It may change the legal practices in the U.S.28. The word "about-face" (Line 1, Para 3) most probably means[A] loss of good will[B] increase of hostility[C] change of attitude[D] enhancement of dignity29. We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents[A] are immune to legal challenges[B] are often unnecessarily issued[C] lower the esteem for patent holders[D] increase the incidence of risks30. Which of the following would be the subject of the text?[A] A looming threat to business-method patents[B] Protection for business-method patent holders[C] A legal case regarding business-method patents[D] A prevailing trend against business-method patentsText 3In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected. The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn't explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the "two step flow of communication": Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else. Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selected people will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks, brands, or neighborhoods. In many such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing, promoting, or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention. Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trendsIn their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact, they don't seem to be required of all.The researchers' argument stems from a simple observing about social influence, with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others. Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who, according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics by influencing their friends and colleagues directly. For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected, must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant, for example from the initial influential prove resistant, for example the cascade of change won't propagate very far or affect many people. Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence, the researchers studied the dynamics of populations manipulating a number of variables relating of populations, manipulating a number of variables relating to people's ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced. Our work shows that the principal requirement for what we call "global cascades"– the widespread propagation of influence through networks – is the presence not of a few influentials but, rather, of a critical mass of easily influenced people, each of whom adopts, say, a look or a brand after being exposed to a single adopting neighbor. Regardless of how influential an individual is locally, he or she can exert global influence only if this critical mass is available to propagate a chain reaction.31. By citing the book The Tipping Point, the author intends to[A] analyze the consequences of social epidemics[B] discuss influentials' function in spreading ideas[C] exemplify people's intuitive response to social epidemics[D] describe the essential characteristics of influentials.32. The author suggests that the "two-step-flow theory"[A] serves as a solution to marketing problems[B] has helped explain certain prevalent trends[C] has won support from influentials[D] requires solid evidence for its validity33. What the researchers have observed recently shows that[A] the power of influence goes with social interactions[B] interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media[C] influentials have more channels to reach the public[D] most celebrities enjoy wide media attention34. The underlined phrase "these people" in paragraph 4 refers to the ones who[A] stay outside the network of social influence[B] have little contact with the source of influence[C] are influenced and then influence others[D] are influenced by the initial influential35. what is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?[A] The eagerness to be accepted[B] The impulse to influence others[C] The readiness to be influenced[D] The inclination to rely on othersText 4Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public. Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else: the accounting standard-setters. Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to report enormous losses, and it's just not fair. These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.Unfortunately, banks' lobbying now seems to be working. The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers, reviving the banking system will be difficult.After a bruising encounter with Congress, America's Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) rushed through rule changes. These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term assets in their income statement. Bob Herz, the FASB's chairman, cried out against those who "question our motives." Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobby group politely calls "the use of judgment by management."European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) do likewise. The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning, but the pressure to fold when it completes it reconstruction of rules later this year is strong. Charlie McCreevy, a European commissioner, warned the IASB that it did "not live in a political vacuum" but "in the real word" and that Europe could yet develop different rules. It was banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets. Today they argue that market prices overstate losses, because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets, not the likely extent of bad debts. The truth will not be known for years. But bank's shares trade below their book value, suggesting that investors are skeptical. And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.To get the system working again, losses must be recognized and dealt with. America's new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive. Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters. The FASB and IASB have been exactly that, cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions, for example, against hostility from special interests. But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions.36. Bankers complained that they were forced to[A] follow unfavorable asset evaluation rules[B] collect payments from third parties[C] cooperate with the price managers[D] reevaluate some of their assets.37. According to the author , the rule changes of the FASB may result in[A] the diminishing role of management[B] the revival of the banking system[C] the banks' long-term asset losses[D] the weakening of its independence38. According to Paragraph 4, McCreevy objects to the IASB's attempt to[A] keep away from political influences.[B] evade the pressure from their peers.[C] act on their own in rule-setting.[D] take gradual measures in reform.39. The author thinks the banks were "on the wrong planet" in that they[A] misinterpreted market price indicators[B] exaggerated the real value of their assets[C] neglected the likely existence of bad debts.[D] denied booking losses in their sale of assets.40. The author's attitude towards standard-setters is one of[A] satisfaction.[B] skepticism.[C] objectiveness[D] sympathyPart BDirections:For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraph E has been correctly placed. There is one paragraph which does not fit in with the text. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)[A] The first and more important is the consumer's growing preference for eating out; the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about 32 percent of total consumption in 1995 to 35 percent in 2000 and is expected to approach 38 percent by 2005. This development is boosting wholesale demand from the food service segment by 4 to 5 percent a year across Europe, compared with growth in retail demand of 1 to 2 percent. Meanwhile, as the recession is looming large, people are getting anxious. They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative.[B] Retail sales of food and drink in Europe's largest markets are at a standstill, leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow. Most leading retailers have already tried e-commerce, with limited success, and expansion abroad. But almost all have ignored the big, profitable opportunity in their own backyard: the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.[C] Will such variations bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drink market? Definitely not. The functioning of the market is based on flexible trends dominated by potential buyers. In other words, it is up to the buyer, rather than the seller, to decide what to buy .At any rate, this change will ultimately be acclaimed by an ever-growing number of both domestic and international consumers, regardless of how long the current consumer pattern will take hold.[D] All in all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their scale, existing infrastructure and proven skills in the management of product ranges, logistics, and marketing intelligence. Retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profits thereby. At least, that is how it looks as a whole. Closer inspection reveals important differences among the biggest national markets, especially in their customer segments and wholesale structures, as well as the competitive dynamics of individual food and drink categories. Big retailers must understand these differences before they can identify the segments of European wholesaling in which their particular abilities might unseat smaller but entrenched competitors. New skills and unfamiliar business models are needed too.[E] Despite variations in detail, wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined—France, Germany, Italy, and Spain—are made out of the same building blocks. Demand comes mainly from two sources: independent mom-and-pop grocery stores which, unlike large retail chains, are two small to buy straight from producers, and food service operators that cater to consumers when they don't eat at home. Such food service operators range from snack machines to large institutional catering ventures, but most of these businesses are known in the trade as "horeca": hotels, restaurants, and cafes. Overall, Europe's wholesale market for food and drink is growing at the same sluggish pace as the retail market, but the figures, when added together, mask two opposing trends.[F] For example, wholesale food and drink sales come to $268 billion in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom in 2000—more than 40 percent of retail sales. Moreover, average overall margins are higher in wholesale than in retail; wholesale demand from the food service sector is growing quickly as more Europeans eat out more often; and changes in the competitive dynamics of this fragmented industry are at last making it feasible for wholesalers to consolidate.[G] However, none of these requirements should deter large retailers (and even some large good producers and existing wholesalers) from trying their hand, for those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gains.41→42→43→44→E→45Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it .We invert excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing. (46) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.It is painful to read these round about accounts today. We have no land ethic yet, (47) but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds. (48) Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on "worthless" species.Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale vale to pay as timber crops. (49) In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such,within reason.To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided. (50) It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. It assumes, falsely, I think, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts.Section Ⅲ WritingPart A51. Directions:You are supposed to write for the postgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization, you should conclude the basic qualification of applicant and the other information you think relative.You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "postgraduate association" instead.Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET 2. (20 points)2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案46.科学家们提出一些明显站不住脚的证据迅速来拯救，其大意是：如果鸟类无法控制害虫，那么这些害虫就会吃光我们人类。

2010版辅导用书《大学英语B》模拟试卷及答案3

2010版辅导用书《大学英语B》模拟试卷及答案3《大学英语B》模拟试卷Test 3第一部分：交际用语(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. ---Could you help me with my physics, please?---________.A. No, no way.B. No, I couldn’t.C. No, I can’tD. Sorry I can’t. I have to go to a meeting right now.---请问你能帮我做物理作业吗？---很抱歉不行。

我马上要去开会。

2. ---Could I speak to Don Watkins, please?---________.A. Speaking, please.B. Oh, how are you?C. I’m listening.D. I’m Don---我能和唐·沃特金斯说话吗？---我就是。

3. ---Could I borrow your car for a few days?---________.A. Yes, you may borrow.B. Yes, go on.C. Sure, here is the key. Enjoy your journey.D. It doesn’t matter.---我能借你的车用几天吗？---当然可以。

给你钥匙。

祝你旅途愉快。

4. ---Thank you for inviting me.---________.A.I really had a happy time.B. Oh, it’ s too late.C. Thank you for coming.D. Oh, so slowly?---感谢您的邀请。

2010年大学英语B级统考模真题

2010年9月大学英语B－英译汉部分题库真题1. In Foreign Language Department, a checking machine is used to correct the student’s test papers.外语教研部用阅卷机给学生批卷。

2. They sold the old house yesterday.他们昨天把老房子卖了。

3. Hi. What can I get for your dinner, sir?您好，先生，请问您晚餐点什么吃？4. Without water, there is no life on the earth.没有水，地球上就没有生命。

5. When I was young, I’d listen to the radio, waiting for my favorite songs.在我年轻的时候，我总是听收音机，等候我最喜欢的歌曲。

6. I came here at least once a month.我至少每月来这里一次。

7. She looks lovely when she is happy.当她快乐的时候她看上去很可爱。

8. Our library is as big as theirs.我们的图书馆和他们的一样大。

9. Tom likes playing basket-ball but he can’t play well.汤姆喜欢打篮球，但他打得不好。

10. Yeah, I’m anxious to hear all the songs from her new album.是啊，我急切地想要听她新专辑的所有歌曲。

11. She is used to living in the countryside.她习惯于住在农村。

12. How long have you collected your stamps?你集邮有多久了？13. I expect she will have changed her mind by tomorrow.我估计她明天会改变主意。

大学英语三级(B)模拟试题及答案

大学英语三级（B）模拟试题及答案-卷面总分：60分答题时间：50分钟试卷题量：14题一、单选题（共9题，共18分）1.Anewplaneisgoingto______byus.A.makeB.bemakeC.madeD.bemade正确答案：D您的答案：本题解析：暂无解析2.XiaoLingworksveryhard.She______bytheteachers.A.isalwayspraisedB.praisesC.havebeenpraisedD.alwaysispraised正确答案：A您的答案：本题解析：暂无解析3.Thepatient______now______carefully.A.is;beinglookedafterB.is;lookingafterC.being;lookedafterD.been;lookingafter正确答案：A您的答案：本题解析：暂无解析4.Hamlet______byShakespeare.A.iswrittenB.haswrittenC.hasbeenwrittenD.waswritten正确答案：D您的答案：本题解析：暂无解析5.MiddleSchoolstudents______nottosmoke.A.alwaystellB.aretoldalwaysC.arealwaystoldD.isalwaystold正确答案：C您的答案：本题解析：暂无解析6.Theteacher,ratherthanthestudents,isresponsibleforthismatter.A.这位老师和学生们与这件事情都有关系。

B.应该为这件事负责任的是这位老师，而不是学生们。

C.这位老师和学生们应共同承担这件事情的责任。

正确答案：B您的答案：本题解析：暂无解析7.Asearlyasinthedevelopmentofagriculture,mendiscoveredhowtomake alcoholicdrinksfromgrapesandcorn.A.在农业发展的早期，人类就找到了用葡萄和玉米酿酒的方法。

2010版辅导用书《大学英语B》模拟试卷及答案3

2010版辅导用书《大学英语B》模拟试卷及答案3《大学英语B》模拟试卷Test 3第一部分：交际用语(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. ---Could you help me with my physics, please?---________.A. No, no way.B. No, I couldn’t.C. No, I can’tD. Sorry I can’t. I have to go to a meeting right now.---请问你能帮我做物理作业吗？---很抱歉不行。

我马上要去开会。

2. ---Could I speak to Don Watkins, please?---________.A. Speaking, please.B. Oh, how are you?C. I’m listening.D. I’m Don---我能和唐·沃特金斯说话吗？---我就是。

3. ---Could I borrow your car for a few days?---________.A. Yes, you may borrow.B. Yes, go on.C. Sure, here is the key. Enjoy your journey.D. It doesn’t matter.---我能借你的车用几天吗？---当然可以。

给你钥匙。

祝你旅途愉快。

4. ---Thank you for inviting me.---________.A.I really had a happy time.B. Oh, it’ s too late.C. Thank you for coming.D. Oh, so slowly?---感谢您的邀请。

大学英语b级试题及答案

大学英语b级试题及答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. 根据所听对话，选择正确答案。

A. 他正在图书馆。

B. 他正在公园。

C. 他正在超市。

D. 他正在电影院。

答案：A2. 根据所听短文，选择正确答案。

A. 她喜欢游泳。

B. 她喜欢跑步。

C. 她喜欢篮球。

D. 她喜欢足球。

答案：B3. 根据所听对话，选择正确答案。

A. 他们计划去海滩。

B. 他们计划去爬山。

C. 他们计划去野餐。

D. 他们计划去博物馆。

答案：C二、阅读理解（共30分）1. 阅读以下短文，回答问题。

（短文内容）根据短文内容，回答以下问题。

A. 短文主要讨论了什么？B. 作者的观点是什么？C. 短文中提到了哪些例子？答案：A. 短文主要讨论了环境保护的重要性。

B. 作者认为每个人都应该采取行动来保护环境。

C. 短文中提到了减少塑料使用和回收利用的例子。

2. 阅读以下短文，回答问题。

（短文内容）根据短文内容，回答以下问题。

A. 短文的作者是谁？B. 短文的写作目的是什么？C. 短文中提到了哪些关键信息？答案：A. 短文的作者是John Smith。

B. 短文的写作目的是介绍一种新的学习方法。

C. 短文中提到了学习效率和记忆技巧的关键信息。

三、词汇与语法（共20分）1. 根据句子意思，选择正确的词汇填空。

A. AlthoughB. BecauseC. IfD. Unless答案：A2. 根据句子结构，选择正确的语法形式填空。

A. have beenB. haveC. had beenD. had答案：A3. 根据句子意思，选择正确的词汇填空。

A. HoweverB. ThereforeC. MoreoverD. Besides答案：B四、翻译（共15分）1. 将以下句子从英语翻译成中文。

"The weather forecast predicts heavy rain for tomorrow."答案：天气预报预测明天有大雨。

《大学英语(B)》模拟试题6及参考答案

《大学英语（B）》模拟试题6及参考答案第一部分：交际用语（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）此部分共有10个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并用铅笔将答案题卡上的相应字母涂黑。

示例[A] [B] [C] [D]1. —I wonder if I could use your computer tonight?—____A___ I’m not using it right now.A. Sure, go ahead.B. I don’t know.C. It doesn’t matter.D. Who cares?2. —Excuse me, could you show me the way to the nearest post office?—___D____ Oh yes! Two blocks away from here at the Green A venue. Y ou can’t miss it.A. I beg your pardon?B. What do you mean?C. Y ou’re welcome.D. Mm, let me think.3. —Wow! This is a marvelous room! I’ve never known you’re so artistic.—____C___A. Great, I am very art-conscious.B. Don’t mention it.C. Thanks for your compliments.D. It’s fine.4. —Is it possible for you to work late tonight?—___D____A. I like it.B. I’ll do that.C. I’d love to.D. I think so.5. —Unbelievable! I have failed the driving test again!—___B____ This is not the end of the world.A. Good luck.B. Cheer up.C. Go ahead.D. No problem.6. —Would you like another slice of Christmas cake?—___B____ I’m full.A. Y es, please.B. No more, thanks.C. Why not?D. Nothing more.7. —Susan is absent from today’s class.—____A___ As far as I know, she has never missed a class.A. How come?B. So what?C. Why?D. What for?8. —If you like I can mail this letter for you.—___A____.A. That’s very kind of youB. Y ou are so kindC. Please give me a handD. Y ou are great9. —I’m terribly sorry that I’ve spilled some coffee on the carpet.—___B____A. Sorry.B. It doesn’t matter.C. That’s right.D. Don’t mention it.10. —Doctor, I don’t feel well.—___C____A. Y ou are fine.B. It doesn’t matter.C. What’s the matter?D. Don’t take it seriously.1-5: ADCDB 6-10: BAABC第二部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）此部分共有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5个问题。

大学英语b级试题及答案解析

大学英语b级试题及答案解析一、听力理解（共20分）1. What is the man doing?A) Reading a book.B) Cooking dinner.C) Watching TV.【答案】C【解析】对话中提到了电视节目的内容，可以判断出男子正在看电视。

2. How much did the woman pay for the ticket?A) $10.B) $15.C) $20.【答案】B【解析】女人提到了她支付了15美元，因此正确答案是B。

3. What is the weather like today?A) Sunny.B) Rainy.C) Cloudy.【答案】A【解析】对话中提到了阳光明媚，因此天气是晴朗的。

二、阅读理解（共30分）4. According to the passage, what is the main cause of pollution?A) Industrial waste.B) Traffic congestion.C) Deforestation.【答案】A【解析】文章中明确指出工业废物是污染的主要原因。

5. What does the author suggest as a solution to the problem?A) Recycling.B) Using public transportation.C) Planting more trees.【答案】B【解析】作者建议使用公共交通作为解决问题的方法。

6. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using public transportation?A) Reduces traffic congestion.B) Decreases air pollution.C) Increases personal income.【答案】C【解析】文章中提到使用公共交通可以减少交通拥堵和空气污染，但并没有提到会增加个人收入。

大学英语B统考模拟试卷及参考答案2

大学英语B统考模拟试卷及参考答案2第一部分交际英语此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请你从A, B, C, D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1.―Here we are, sir, Tian'an Men Square.―_____A. Where is it?B. You are tired.C. Thank you.D. Terrific! I finally get to see the real Tian'an Men.正确答案：D题目解析：译文：我们到天安门广场了，先生。

解析：答案A这在哪儿。

答案B你太累了。

答案C 谢谢。

答案D太棒了，我终于看到真正的天安门了。

正确答案选D。

2.―What would you like to drink?―_____A. I'll have a Coke, please.B. T hank you.C. Soft drink.D. I don't like drink.正确答案：A题目解析：译文：你想喝什么？解析：答案A我想要一杯咖啡。

答案B谢谢。

答案C苏打水。

答案D我不喜欢饮料。

正确答案选A。

3.―_____―Next Saturday.A. What is your ideal?B. When will your holidays begin?C. Where will you want to spend your holiday?D. When is it now?正确答案：B题目解析：译文：下周六。

解析：答案A你的建议是什么？答案B你的假日什么时候开始？答案C 你想到哪儿去度假？答案C现在是什么时候了？正确答案选B。

4. Li: Hello. I' m ringing about the flat advertised in today's STAR. _____Mrs. Green: Yes, it is. Two or three people have rung up about it, but nobody's been to see it yet.A. Is it still available?B. Is it still empty?C. Is it still free?D. Is it still blank?正确答案：A题目解析：译文：李：你好，请问在今日之星杂志上面登广告的那个公寓，……？格林女士：是的，还有，两三个人已经打电话询问它了，但是还没有人来看。

2010版辅导用书统考《大学英语B》模拟试卷及答案4

2010版辅导用书统考《大学英语B》模拟试卷及答案4统考《大学英语B》模拟试卷Test 4第一部分：交际用语(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. ---Please help yourself to the seafood.---___________A. No, I can’t.B. Sorry, I can’t help.C. Well, seafood don’ t suit her.D. Thanks, but I don’t like the seafood.---请吃点海鲜。

---谢谢，我不吃海鲜。

2. ---Would you like to go to the concert with usthis evening?---__________A. No, I already have plans.B. I’d love to, but I’m busy ton ight.C. No, I already don’t like being with you.D. I’m ill, so I shouldn’t go out.---今晚你能和我们一起去听音乐会吗? ---我很高兴去，但今晚我很忙。

3. ---Congratulations! You won the first prize in today’ s speech contest---__________A. Yes, I beat the others.B. No, no, I didn’t do it well.C. Thank you.D. It’s a pleasure.---祝贺你在今天的演讲比赛中获得冠军。

---谢谢你。

4. ---Must I take a taxi?---No, you _______________. You can take my car.A. had better toB. don’tC. must notD. don’t have to---我必须坐出租车吗？---不必。

2010英语真题B卷

第四部分外语运用能力测试(英语)(50题，每题2分，满分100分)Part One Vocabulary and StructureDirections:There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1 I cannot _____________ your plan, for I see no money return for the pursuit.A. approve ofB. argue withC. turn downD. give up2 The thief was so ___________ by the bright lights and barking dogs that he left hastily.A. frightenedB. annoyedC. puzzledD. disappointed3 Making energy use completely harmless to the environment ____________ very difficult and usually economically expensive.A. areB. isC. have beenD. shall be4 ___________ no gravity, there would be no air around the earth, hence no life.A. If there had beenB. If there wasC. Were thereD. Had there been5 Some members of the committee suggested that the meetingA. being postponedB. to be postponedC. postponedD. be postponed6 .Is there anything else ___________ you want to get ready for the party this evening?A. whichB. whoC. whatD. that7 Since any answer may bring ____________ to his government, the spokesman tried to avoid the question.A. embarrassmentB. commitmentC. failureD. benefit8 It is possible for a person to ___________ negative attitudes and gain healthy confidence needed to realize his or her dreams.A. get away withB. get rid ofC. get out ofD. get along with9.By the end of this term, the girls ____________ the basic rules of dinner party conversation.A. will have learnedB. will learnC. have learnedD. are learning10 you miss the cultural references ______________ a word, you're very likely to miss its meaning.A. belowB. beforeC. behindD. beyond2010GCT真题B卷第四部分外语运用能力测试(英语)Part Two Reading ComprehensionDirections:In this part there are three passages and one table, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Questions 11-15 are based on the following table:FIVE-DAY WEATHER11. Which day is best for a picnic based on the information in the table?A. Friday.B. Saturday.C. Monday.D. Sunday.12. What does "POP" probably mean?A. Places of presence.B. Patterns of presence.C. Probability of presence.D. Period of presence.13. Disastrous weather may occur onA. FridayB. SaturdayC. TuesdayD. Monday14. What trend can be found from the information given in the table?A. The nights are getting longer.B. The days are becoming longer.C. The days are growing wanner.D. The weather is turning better.15. What day has the greatest temperature difference between day and night?A. Tuesday.B. Monday.C. Saturday.D. Sunday.Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage:Firefighters are often asked to speak to school and community groups about the importance of fire safety, particularly fire prevention and detection. Because smoke detectors reduce the risk of dying in a fire by half, firefighters often provide audiences with information on how to install these protective devices in their homes. Specifically, they tell them these things: A smoke detector should be placed on each floor of a home. While sleeping, people are in particular danger of an emergent fire, and there must be a detector outside each sleeping area. A good site for a detector would be a hallway that runs between living spaces and bedrooms.Because of the dead-air space that might be missed by hot air bouncing around above a fire, smoke detectors should be installed either on the ceiling at least four inches from the nearest wall, or high on a wall at least four, but no further than twelve, inches from the ceiling.Detectors should not be mounted near windows, entrances, or other places where drafts (过堂风) might direct the smoke away from the unit. Nor should they be placed in kitchens and garages, where cooking and gas fumes are likely to cause false alarms.16. One responsibility of a firefighter is to ______________.A. install smoke detectors in residents' homesB. check if smoke detectors are properly installedC. speak to residents about how to prevent firesD. develop fire safety programs for schools17. Compared with homes without smoke detectors, homes with them give their owners a 50% better chance of ____________.A. preventing a fireB. surviving a fireC. detecting a hidden fireD. not getting injured in a fire18. A smoke detector must always be placed ____________.A. outside all bedrooms in a homeB. on any level of a homeC. in all hallways of a homeD. in kitchens where fires are most likely to start19. The passage implies that dead-air space is most likely to be found_______________.A. on a ceiling four inches away from a wallB. near an open windowC. in kitchens and garagesD. close to where a wall meets a ceiling20. What is the focus of this passage?A. The proper installation of home smoke detectors.B. How firefighters carry out their responsibilities.C. The detection of dead-air space on walls and ceilings.D. How smoke detectors prevent fires in homes.Questions 21-25 are based on the following passage:Watch out! Here comes London Mayor Boris Johnson riding a bicycle from his new bike hire plan. "What we've put in is a new form of public transport. These bikes are going to belong to everybody."More than 12,000 people have signed up for the plan. They each receive a key at a cost of three pounds, with costs at one pound for a 24-hour membership, five pounds for seven days, and 45 pounds for an annual membership.John Payne, a London teacher who cycles a lot, is among the first to use the system. "It's very comfortable. For people who don't cycle much I think it'll be very useful. But for people who cycle regularly, they are possibly a bit slow. But they're perfect for London streets, very strong. I think they'll be very widely used."And Johnson says it's of good value. "I think it's extremely good value. The first half hour is free. If you cycle smart and you cycle around London--most journeys in London take less than half an hour, you can cycle the whole day free." Some 5,000 bikes are currently available at over 300 docking stations (租车点) in central London. Johnson says the city will gradually expand the system. "Clearly one of our ambitions is to make sure that in 2012 when the world comes to London, they will be able to use London hire bikes to go to the Olympic stadiums."21. Mayor Boris Johnson is riding a bicycle to __________.A. go to workB. attend a competitionC. show his love for cyclingD. promote his bike hire plan22. The author mentions John Payne as an example of people who ____________.A. support the bike hire planB. oppose the bike hire planC. don't cycle muchD. cycle regularly23. According to Boris Johnson, one can cycle around London the whole day free ________.A. because most journeys take less than half an hourB. because the bike hire is free for the f'n'st timeC. if one is physically strong enoughD if one can arrange his London tour in a smart way24. The bike hire system will ____________.A. be provided free for the 2012 Olympic athletesB. be expanded to serve the 2012 Olympic GamesC. benefit from the 2012 Olympic GamesD. be free of charge for the 2012 Olympic visitors25. Mayor Boris Johnson is __________ about the future of his bike hire plan.A. concernedB. optimisticC. uncertainD. excitedQuestions 26-30 are based on the following passage:Tony Huesman, a heart transplant recipient (接受者) who lived a record 31 years with a single donated organ has died at age 51 of leukemia (白血病), but his heart still going strong. "He had leukemia," his widow Carol Huesman said, "His heart—believe it or not—held out. His heart never gave up until the end, when it had to."Huesman got a heart transplant in 1978 at Stanford University. That was just 11 years after the world's first heart transplant was performed in South Africa. At his death, Huesman was listed as the world's longest survivor of a single transplanted heart both by Stanford and the Richmond, Virginia-based United Network for Organ Sharing."I'm a living proof of a person who can go through a life-threatening illness, have the operation and return to a productive life," Huesman told the Dayton Daily News in 2006.Huesman worked as marketing director at a sporting-goods store. He was found to have serious heart disease while in high school. His heart, attacked by a pneumonia (肺炎) virus, was almost four times its normal size from trying to pump blood with weakened muscles.Huesman's sister, Linda Huesman Lamb, also was stricken with the same problem and received a heart transplant in 1983. The two were the nation's first brother and sister heart transplant recipients. She died in 1991 at age 29.Huesman founded the Huesman Heart Foundation in Dayton, which seeks to reduce heart disease by educating children and offers a nursing scholarship in honor of his sister.26. Tony Huesman died from ____________.A. heart failureB. heart transplantC. non-heart-related diseaseD. pneumonia27. The phrase "held out" (Para. 1) probably means" _____________.A. functioned properlyB. failed suddenlyC. expanded graduallyD. shrank progressively28 After his heart transplant, Tony Huesman ____________.A. received another donated organB. lived a normal lifeC. couldn't go back to workD. didn't live as long as expected29 Tony Huesman died in the year of ____________.A. 1983B. 1991C. 2009D. 200630. Huesman had to receive a heart transplant because ____________.A. he had an inherited heart diseaseB. he was born with heart disabilityC. his heart was injured in an accidentD. his heart was infected by a virusPart Three ClozeDirections:There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.I have been very lucky to have won the Nobel Prize twice. It is, of course, very exciting to have such an important 31 of my work, but the real pleasure was in the work itself.Scientific research is like an exploration of a voyage of discovery. Youare 32 trying out new things that have not been done before. Many of them will lead 33 and you have to try something different, but sometimes an experiment does 34 and tells you something new and that it is really exciting. 35 small the new finding may be, it is great to think "I am the only person who knows this" and then you will have the fun of thinking what this finding will 36 and of deciding what will be the 37 experiment.One of the best things about scientific research is that you are always doing something different and it is never38 . xThere are good times when things go well and bad times when they 39 . Some people get discouraged at the difficult times, but when I have a failure my policy has always been not to worry but to start planning the next experiment, 40 is always fun.31. A. acknowledgement B. recognitionC. realizationD. assessment32. A. presently B. repeatedly C. periodically D. continually33. A. nowhere B. anywhere C. everywhere D. somewhere34. A. fail B. work C. begin D. end35. A. Somewhat B. So C. How D. However36. A. result from B. lie in C. lead to D. rely on37. A. next B. coming C. future D. last38. A. amusing B' boring C. confusing D. exciting39. A. will B. do C. don't D. won't40. A. that B. which C. as D. whatPart Four Dialogue CompletionDirections:In this part, there are ten short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that most appropriately suits the conversational context and best completes the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.41 SpeakerA: Peter, I'm awfully sorry. I won't be able to come this Friday.Speaker B: What's the matter? _____________.A. I'm really sorry for that B Nothing wrong, I hopeC. It's all right with meD. You can come some other time42. Speaker A: Ten dollars for this brand?Speaker B: ____________. I got it in a second-hand store.A. Oh, yes, wonderfulB. Do me a favorC. Use your headD. No kidding43. SpeakerA: I saw your boss was angry with you. What happened?Speaker B: __________. He was just in a bad mood.A. You said itB. Nothing in particularC. Here you goD. I'm quite surprised44. Speaker A: We have a booking for tonight. The name's Cliff.Speaker B: ___________. ... Yes, that was two single rooms with bath.A. Just a moment pleaseB. I'll take care of youC. Thank you for comingD. Nice to meet you45. Speaker A: We're having a few people over for dinner Saturday.______________. Speaker B: Oh, thank you. That would be great.A. Are you doing anything then?B. It'll be a lot of fun.C. We'd love to have you around.D. Have you heard about it?46. Man: Do you have any check-in luggage?Woman: ____________. They're heavy. I hope they're not overweight.Man: They're just under the maximum weight.A. Yes, two piecesB. Yes, I'll show youC. Yes, there you areD. Yes, not many47. Man: How long does the journey take if I go by bus?Woman: ____________. I think the Airport Express is your best bet.Man: Many thanks.A. It depends on the trafficB. I don't know yetC. Let me seeD. You'll consider the distance48. Nurse: Mr. White, how about Friday at 9:30?Patient: Would you have anything in the afternoon?Nurse: Hmm..., we do have an opening at 4:00.____________.A. See you then.B. Would that be good for you?C. Hope you'll like it.D. Are you sure you can make it?49.SpeakerA: Could you break a 100-dollar bill for me?Speaker B: ___________.A. OK. How much do you want?B. How can I do it, Miss?C. Oh, that's inconvenient for me.D. Sure. How do you want it?50 Speaker A: I'm sorry. The brand of camera you want is not available now. Speaker B: ____________.A. No use saying sorry. That's a real let down.B. I'm truly grateful for your help.C. It's just as I've expected.D. That's a pity. Thank you anyway.。

《大学英语》模块9-16 B 卷及答案

试卷编号：001《大学英语》试卷（闭卷）(B卷)（课程代码）班级_____________姓名学号本试卷共8 页，满分100分；考试时间120分钟。

Ⅰ’*20=40’)1.Read the notes. Then listen to four conversations and complete thenotes.(2’*15=30’)Conversation 1Request: go on a private tour of the 1)__________Time: 2)_________Conversation 2Request: book a ticket for 3)__________Time: 4)_________Offer: get a ticket for 5)_________Conversation 3Request: rent a boat for about 6)______people down the River Thames for about 7）___________ days.8)____________it for themTime: 9)_________Offer: get a boat with a cook and 10)__________Conversation 4Request: recommend some 11)__________food for 12)_______ in 13)________ Give14)____________Offer: 15)____________the restaurant2.Listen to five short conversations and choose the best answer to each question you hear.(2’*5=10’)1.A She wanted to tell her fans at a special timeB She was too happy to keep It a secret.C She was too excited to share it with others.D She wanted her fans to respect her more.2A She slapped a 20-year-old actress.B She was no longer admired by teenagers.C She was not used to being admired by her fans.D She gave no reasons for what she did last year.3.A Because they have beaten a 46year-old Russian pair.B Because they have practiced figure skating for 10 years.C Because they have made grear efforts to achieve success.D Because they won the first gold medal at the OlympicGames.4.A ShockedB Approving.C FascinatedD Critical5A He should not have yielded to public pressure.B He has been compelled to take drugs by other swimmers.C He should do more than just issuing a public apology.D He has more than once failed to meet public expectations.Ⅱ. Dialogue . (10’)Directions:Write a dialogue to role-play the following situation. Use the skills for making and responding to complaints.SituationThe fridge doesn't workA You are a hotel guest. You find that the fridge in your room doesn'twork. Call the receptionist to make a complaint.B You are a hotel receptionist. Listen to what the guest says and respond tohis\her complaint.Ⅲ’*10=20’)Directions: There are 2 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Sixty-eight percent of American's wealth is generated by manufacturing (制造业). If the United States hopes to continue to keep a position of prestige (威望) and remain competitive in the global economy, it must have strong manufacturing.What has been done to maintain the competitive position of the United States as a major manufacturing nation? Unfortunately, it would appear too little has been done. While spending about $150 billion per year on research and development－more than that of the UK, France and Japan combined－the United States has not paid enough attention to manufacturing. The NSF (National Science Foundation) spends only 13 percent of its budget on engineering and only 1.2 percent on manufacturing. In Germany, 30 percent of the research funding goes to engineering and 15 percent to manufacturing. The US Department of Commerce (商务) has only five government-run technology centers while Japan has 170 government-run technology centers bringing new manufacturing techniques to business.In terms of scientific research, the United States has done very well. About one third of the world's scientific papers are produced by the United States. The nearest competitors are the United Kingdom with 8.2 percent, and Japan with 7.7 percent. Almost 50 percent of all references cited in other scientific papers are American; the nearest competitors are all below 10 percent.Some of the problems of American industry can be shown by a few examples. The number of hours it takes to build an automobile in the United States has increased; in Japan it has decreased (by 60 percent between the years of 1970 and 1981 alone). It now takes half as much time to assemble (组装) a Japanese car as to assemble an American car. It took nine years for the United States to go from research to production of numerically controlled machine tools (数控机床); in Japan it took only two years. The accuracy and repeatability of typical Japanese machine tools are better than US machine tools. The use of robots in the United States also develops more slowly than other industrialized nations.1. W hich of the following countries spends the biggest amount of money on research and development?A. Japan.B. The United States.C. France.D. The United Kingdom.2. I n which field is the United States doing well?A. Engineering.B. Manufacturing.C. Scientific research.D. Robot production.3. W hat is the main problem with American manufacturing industry?A. The US has not shown enough concern about manufacturing.B. The US is spending too much money on research and development.C. The US has not built enough government-owned technology centers.D. The US produces only about one-third of the world's scientific papers.4. I n the last paragraph, the author cites several examples to show that ________.A. Japanese cars are much easier to assemble than American carsB. Japan is a leading country with strong manufacturing technologyC. the US is not using many robots in its manufacturing like some other countriesD. the US manufacturing is not doing as well as some other countries in some aspects5. A ccording to the passage, which of the following statement is NOT true?A. The United States has done very well in scientific research.B. It takes less time now for the US to assemble an automobile.C. The NSF spends too little money on developing manufacturing.D. A bit over two-thirds of the US' wealth comes from manufacturing.Passage 2What are baseball fans? Baseball fans wear their official team T-shirts and jackets everywhere, sometimes even to work. Then, whenever the team offers a free item, the fans rush to get it. In addition, baseball fans cover the walls of their rooms with their favorite players' pictures. When they go to a game, which they do as often as possible, the true baseball fans put on their team colors, grab their team flags, pin on their team buttons. At the game, these fans form a section, constantly encouraging their favorite players and enthusiastically responding to every cheer flashed on the electronic scoreboard.Baseball fans, in addition to behaving crazily, are also extremely interested in things of small importance. Every day, they turn to the sports page of the newspaper and study last night's statistics. Their bookshelves are full of books and newspapers with information of their team. They delight in remembering such unimportant facts as who is left-handed and what food their favorite player likes.Last of all, baseball fans are extremely loyal to the team of their choice. This strong loyalty makes fans dangerous, for anyone who dares to say to a loyal fan that some other team is better could be risking physical damage. Incidents of violence on the baseball field have increased in recent years and are a matter of growing concern.From mid-October through March, baseball fans are like any other human beings. They pay their taxes, take out the garbage, and complain about the high cost of living or the latest home repair. But when April comes, the colors and radios go on, the record books come off the shelves, and the devotion returns. For the true baseball fan, another season of craziness has begun.6. A ccording to the passage, which of the following behaviors do baseball fans have?A. Covering their walls with their team's flags.B. Going to their team's games as early as they can.C. Wearing their team's official T-shirts and jackets.D. Knowing the favorite colors of their team players.7. A ccording to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. Baseball fans react passionately when their team gets a score.B. Baseball fans of a team try to sit together in one area at a game.C. Baseball fans can remember all the important facts of their favorite players.D. Baseball fans will go immediately to get a free item that the team gives out.8. W hat does the word "loyal" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. crazyB. devotedC. friendlyD. reasonable9. W hat is the writer's attitude toward "baseball fans are extremely loyal to the team of their choice"?A. Worried.B. Delighted.C. Enthusiastic.D. Disappointed.10. According to the passage, when is the baseball season in the year?A. From March to April.B. From March to October.C. From mid-October to March.D. From April to mid-October.’)Directions:Your little brother James has won the first prize at the English Speech Competition, and it is pleasure to write a congratulation. Write it under the following guide lines:1)express your congratulations,2)express your hope for his English study,3)a present to him is necessary.You should write about 150 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address.出卷：试卷编号：001《大学英语》试卷（闭卷）(B卷)（课程代码）班级______________姓名学号本试卷共8 页，满分100分；考试时间120分钟。

2010版辅导用书《大学英语B》模拟试卷及答案

《大学英语B》模拟试卷Test 8第一部分：交际用语(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. ---May I use your bike for a moment?---__________A. It’s well.B. It doesn’t matter.C. By all means.D. I have no idea.---我可以用一会你的自行车吗？---当然可以。

2. ---How do you do? Glad to meet you.---__________A. Fine. How are you?B. How do you do? Glad to meet you, too.C. How are you? Thank you!D. Nice. How are you?---你好，很高兴认识你。

---你好，我也很高兴认识你。

3. ---Hi, is Mary there, please?---___________A. Hold on. I’ ll get her.B. No, she isn’ t here.C. Yes, she lives here.D. Yes, what do you want?---请问，玛丽在吗？---请稍等，我去叫她。

4. ---Would you mind changing seats with me?---___________A. Yes, you can.B. Of course, I like to.C. No, I don’t mind.D. Certainly, please do.---你介意和我换个位置吗？---不介意。

5. ---Shall we sit up here on the grass or down there near the water?---_________.A. I’ d rather stay here if you don’t mind.B. Sorry, I don’t like neither.C. Certainly, why not?D. Yes, we like these two places.---我们在这儿的草地上坐呢，还是去那儿的河边坐？---如果你不介意的话，我想在这儿坐。

2010年考研英语真题(含答案解析)

2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In 1924 America's National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting大1家workers' productivity. Instead, the studies ended 大2家giving their name to the "Hawthorneeffect", the extremely influential idea that the very 大3家to being experimented upon changed subjects' behavior.The idea arose because of the 大4家behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to 大5家of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not 大6家what was done in the experiment; 大7家something was changed, productivity rose. A(n) 大8家that they were being experimented upon seemed to be 大9家to alter workers' behavior 大10家itself.After several decades, the same data were 大11家to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments hasanother surprise store 大12家the descriptions on record, no systematic 大13家was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to 大14家interpretation of whathapped. 大15家, lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output大16家rose compared with the previous Saturday and 17 to rise for the next couple of days. 大18家, a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers 大19家to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case, before 大20家 a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged "Hawthorne effect" is hard to pin down.1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restored2. [A] at [B] up [C] with [D] off3. [A] truth [B] sight [C] act [D] proof4. [A] controversial [B] perplexing [C] mischievous [D] ambiguous5. [A] requirements [B] explanations [C] accounts [D] assessments6. [A] conclude [B] matter [C] indicate [D] work7. [A] as far as [B] for fear that [C] in case that [D] so long as8. [A] awareness [B] expectation [C] sentiment [D] illusion9. [A] suitable [B] excessive [C] enough [D] abundant10. [A] about [B] for [C] on [D] by11. [A] compared [B] shown [C] subjected [D] conveyed12. [A] contrary to [B] consistent with [C] parallel with [D] peculiar to13. [A] evidence [B] guidance [C] implication [D] source14. [A] disputable [B] enlightening [C] reliable [D] misleading15. [A] In contrast [B] For example [C] In consequence [D] As usual16. [A] duly [B] accidentally [C] unpredictably [D] suddenly17. [A] failed [B] ceased [C] started [D] continued18. [A] Therefore [B] Furthermore [C] However [D] Meanwhile19. [A] attempted [B] tended [C] chose [D]intended20. [A] breaking [B] climbing [C] surpassing [D] hittingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to w riters who are.’”Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lif etime, though, he was also one of England’s foremost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that[A] arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers.[B] English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.[C] high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.[D] young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.22. Newspaper reviews in England before World War II were characterized by[A] free themes.[B] casual style.[C] elaborate layout.[D] radical viewpoints.23. Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on?[A] It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals.[B] It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.[C] Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.[D] Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.24. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs?[A] His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.[B] His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.[C] His style caters largely to modern specialists.[D] His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.25. What would be the best title for the text?[A] Newspapers of the Good Old Days[B] The Lost Horizon in Newspapers[C] Mournful Decline of Journalism[D] Prominent Critics in MemoryText 2Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods. received one for its "one-click" online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.Now the nation's top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S. court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski, as the case is known , is "a very big deal", says Dennis D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It "has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents." Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court's judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should "reconsider" its state street Bank ruling. The Federal Circuit's action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example the justices signaled that too manypatents were being upheld for "inventions" that are obvious. The judges on the Federal circuit are "reacting to the anti-patent trend at the Supreme Court", says Harold C. Wegner, a patent attorney and professor at George Washington University Law School.26. Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of[A] their limited value to business[B] their connection with asset allocation[C] the possible restriction on their granting[D] the controversy over authorization27. Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?[A] Its ruling complies with the court decisions[B] It involves a very big business transaction[C] It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuit[D] It may change the legal practices in the U.S.28. The word "about-face" (Line 1, Para 3) most probably means[A] loss of good will[B] increase of hostility[C] change of attitude[D] enhancement of dignity29. We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents[A] are immune to legal challenges[B] are often unnecessarily issued[C] lower the esteem for patent holders[D] increase the incidence of risks30. Which of the following would be the subject of the text?[A] A looming threat to business-method patents[B] Protection for business-method patent holders[C] A legal case regarding business-method patents[D] A prevailing trend against business-method patentsText 3In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected. The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn't explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the "two step flow of communication": Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else. Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selected people will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks, brands, or neighborhoods. In many such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing, promoting, or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention. Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trendsIn their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact, they don't seem to be required of all.The researchers' argument stems from a simple observing about social influence, with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others. Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who, according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics by influencing their friends and colleagues directly. For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected, must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant, for example from the initial influential prove resistant, for example the cascade of change won't propagate very far or affect many people. Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence, the researchers studied the dynamics of populations manipulating a number of variables relating of populations, manipulating a number of variables relating to people's ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced. Our work shows that the principal requirement for what we call "global cascades"– the widespread propagation of influence through networks – is the presence not of a few influentials but, rather, of a critical mass of easily influenced people, each of whom adopts, say, a look or a brand after being exposed to a single adopting neighbor. Regardless of how influential an individual is locally, he or she can exert global influence only if this critical mass is available to propagate a chain reaction.31. By citing the book The Tipping Point, the author intends to[A] analyze the consequences of social epidemics[B] discuss influentials' function in spreading ideas[C] exemplify people's intuitive response to social epidemics[D] describe the essential characteristics of influentials.32. The author suggests that the "two-step-flow theory"[A] serves as a solution to marketing problems[B] has helped explain certain prevalent trends[C] has won support from influentials[D] requires solid evidence for its validity33. What the researchers have observed recently shows that[A] the power of influence goes with social interactions[B] interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media[C] influentials have more channels to reach the public[D] most celebrities enjoy wide media attention34. The underlined phrase "these people" in paragraph 4 refers to the ones who[A] stay outside the network of social influence[B] have little contact with the source of influence[C] are influenced and then influence others[D] are influenced by the initial influential35. what is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?[A] The eagerness to be accepted[B] The impulse to influence others[C] The readiness to be influenced[D] The inclination to rely on othersText 4Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public. Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else: the accounting standard-setters. Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to report enormous losses, and it's just not fair. These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.Unfortunately, banks' lobbying now seems to be working. The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers, reviving the banking system will be difficult.After a bruising encounter with Congress, America's Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) rushed through rule changes. These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term assets in their income statement. Bob Herz, the FASB's chairman, cried out against those who "question our motives." Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobby group politely calls "the use of judgment by management."European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) do likewise. The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning, but the pressure to fold when it completes it reconstruction of rules later this year is strong. Charlie McCreevy, a European commissioner, warned the IASB that it did "not live in a political vacuum" but "in the real word" and that Europe could yet develop different rules. It was banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets. Today they argue that market prices overstate losses, because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets, not the likely extent of bad debts. The truth will not be known for years. But bank's shares trade below their book value, suggesting that investors are skeptical. And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.To get the system working again, losses must be recognized and dealt with. America's new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive. Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters. The FASB and IASB have been exactly that, cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions, for example, against hostility from special interests. But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions.36. Bankers complained that they were forced to[A] follow unfavorable asset evaluation rules[B] collect payments from third parties[C] cooperate with the price managers[D] reevaluate some of their assets.37. According to the author , the rule changes of the FASB may result in[A] the diminishing role of management[B] the revival of the banking system[C] the banks' long-term asset losses[D] the weakening of its independence38. According to Paragraph 4, McCreevy objects to the IASB's attempt to[A] keep away from political influences.[B] evade the pressure from their peers.[C] act on their own in rule-setting.[D] take gradual measures in reform.39. The author thinks the banks were "on the wrong planet" in that they[A] misinterpreted market price indicators[B] exaggerated the real value of their assets[C] neglected the likely existence of bad debts.[D] denied booking losses in their sale of assets.40. The author's attitude towards standard-setters is one of[A] satisfaction.[B] skepticism.[C] objectiveness[D] sympathyPart BDirections:For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraph E has been correctly placed. There is one paragraph which does not fit in with the text. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)[A] The first and more important is the consumer's growing preference for eating out; the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about 32 percent of total consumption in 1995 to 35 percent in 2000 and is expected to approach 38 percent by 2005. This development is boosting wholesale demand from the food service segment by 4 to 5 percent a year across Europe, compared with growth in retail demand of 1 to 2 percent. Meanwhile, as the recession is looming large, people are getting anxious. They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative.[B] Retail sales of food and drink in Europe's largest markets are at a standstill, leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow. Most leading retailers have already tried e-commerce, with limited success, and expansion abroad. But almost all have ignored the big, profitable opportunity in their own backyard: the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.[C] Will such variations bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drink market? Definitely not. The functioning of the market is based on flexible trends dominated by potential buyers. In other words, it is up to the buyer, rather than the seller, to decide what to buy .At any rate, this change will ultimately be acclaimed by an ever-growing number of both domestic and international consumers, regardless of how long the current consumer pattern will take hold.[D] All in all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their scale, existing infrastructure and proven skills in the management of product ranges, logistics, and marketing intelligence. Retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profits thereby. At least, that is how it looks as a whole. Closer inspection reveals important differences among the biggest national markets, especially in their customer segments and wholesale structures, as well as the competitive dynamics of individual food and drink categories. Big retailers must understand these differences before they can identify the segments of European wholesaling in which their particular abilities might unseat smaller but entrenched competitors. New skills and unfamiliar business models are needed too.[E] Despite variations in detail, wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined—France, Germany, Italy, and Spain—are made out of the same building blocks. Demand comes mainly from two sources: independent mom-and-pop grocery stores which, unlike large retail chains, are two small to buy straight from producers, and food service operators that cater to consumers when they don't eat at home. Such food service operators range from snack machines to large institutional catering ventures, but most of these businesses are known in the trade as "horeca": hotels, restaurants, and cafes. Overall, Europe's wholesale market for food and drink is growing at the same sluggish pace as the retail market, but the figures, when added together, mask two opposing trends.[F] For example, wholesale food and drink sales come to $268 billion in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom in 2000—more than 40 percent of retail sales. Moreover, average overall margins are higher in wholesale than in retail; wholesale demand from the food service sector is growing quickly as more Europeans eat out more often; and changes in the competitive dynamics of this fragmented industry are at last making it feasible for wholesalers to consolidate.[G] However, none of these requirements should deter large retailers (and even some large good producers and existing wholesalers) from trying their hand, for those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gains.41→42→43→44→E→45Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it .We invert excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing. (46) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.It is painful to read these round about accounts today. We have no land ethic yet, (47) but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds. (48) Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on "worthless" species.Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale vale to pay as timber crops. (49) In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such,within reason.To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided. (50) It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. It assumes, falsely, I think, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts.Section Ⅲ WritingPart A51. Directions:You are supposed to write for the postgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization, you should conclude the basic qualification of applicant and the other information you think relative.You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "postgraduate association" instead.Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET 2. (20 points)2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案46.科学家们提出一些明显站不住脚的证据迅速来拯救，其大意是：如果鸟类无法控制害虫，那么这些害虫就会吃光我们人类。

大学英语B级考试模拟试题与答案解析(共六套)

大学英语B级考试模拟试题与答案解析大学英语(B)模拟试题1Part I Use of English (20 points)Directions:In this part there are 10 incomplete dialogues. For each dialogue there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the dialogue. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. --- Hello, may I talk to the headmaster now?--- __________ .A. Sorry, he is busy at the momentB. No, you can’tC. Sorry, you can’tD. I don’t know2. --- Do you think I could borrow your dictionary?--- __________ .A. Yes, you may borrowB. Yes, go onC. Yes, help yourselfD. It doesn’t matter3. --- Is that Mr Robert Lee?--- __________ .A. Yes, Lee speakingB. Hello, what do you wantC. Sorry, speakingD. I don’t know4. --- Excuse me, sir. Where is Dr. Brown’s office?--- __________ .A. You can’t ask meB. Pardon? I have no ideaC. Please don’t say soD. Sorry I don’t know, but you can ask the man over there5. --- Mary, your dress is really beautiful. How is John?--- __________ .A.Thank you very muchB.No, no, John is not badC.Thank you. He is fineD.Don’t say that. It’s ugly. John is good6. --- What can I do for you, madam?--- __________ .A. I want a kilo of applesB. You can go your own wayC. ThanksD. Excuse me. I’m busy7. --- I’d like to take you to the coffee house on the corner.--- __________ .A. Thank you. You shouldn’t’ do thatB. Thanks, I’d like to go with youC. No, you can’t say soD. No, no, You can’t do that8. --- Do you mind telling me where you’re from?--- __________ .A. Certainly. I’m from LondonB. Sure. I was born in LondonC. Not really, you can do itD. Certainly not. I’m from London9. --- May I see the menu, please?--- __________ .A. That is the menu, sirB. Yes, please go onC. Here you are, sirD. Of course, sir10. --- I was worried about chemistry, but Mr Brown gave me an A!--- __________ .A.Don’t worry about itB.Congratulations! That’s a difficult courseC.Mr Brown is very goodD.Good luck to you!Part ⅡReading Comprehension (40 points)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage1There are stories about two U.S. presidents, Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren, which attempt to explain the American English term OK. We don’t know if either story is true, but they are both interesting.The first explanation is based on the fact that President Jackson had very little education. In fact, he had difficulty reading and writing. When important papers came to Jackson, he tried to read them and then had his assistants explain what they said. If he approved of a paper, he would write “all correct” on it. The problem was that he didn’t know how spell, so what he really wrote was “ol korekt”. After a while, he shortened that term to “OK”.The second explanation is based on the place where President Van Buren was born, Kinderhook, New York. Van Buren’s friends organized a club to help him become President. They called the club the Old Kinderhook Club, and anyone who supported Van Buren was called “OK”.11. The author_______________.A. believes both of the storiesB. doesn’t believe a word of the storiesC. is not sure whether the stories are trueD. is telling the stories just for fun12. According to the passage, President Jackson________________.A. couldn’t draw up any documents at allB. didn’t like to read important papers by himselfC. often had his assistants sign documents for himD. wasn’t good at reading or spelling13. According to the first story, the term “OK”________________.A. was approved of by President JacksonB. was the title of some official documentsC. was first used by President JacksonD. was an old way to spell “all correct”14. According to the second story, the term “OK”______________.A. was the short way to say “Old Kinderhook Club”B. meant the place where President Van Buren was bornC. was the name of Van Buren’s clubD. was used to call Van Buren’s supporters in the election15. According to the second story, the term “OK” was first used____________.A. by Van BurenB. in a presidential electionC. to organize the Old Kinderhook ClubD. by the members of the “Old Kinderhook Club”Passage2Although the United States covers so much land and the land produces far more food than the present population needs, its people are by now almost entirely an urban society. Less than a tenth of the people are engaged in agriculture and forestry(林业), and most of the rest live in or around towns, small and large. Here the traditional picture is changing: every small town may still be very like other small towns, and the typical small town may represent a widely accepted view of the country, but most Americans do not live in small towns any more. Half the population now lives in some thirty metropolitan areas (large cities with their suburbs) of more than a million people each — a larger proportion than in Germany or England, let alone France. The statistics (统计) of urban and rural population should be treated with caution because so many people who live in areas classified as rural travel by car to work in a nearby town each day. As the rush to live out of town continues, rural areas within reach of towns are gradually filled with houses, so that it is hard to say at what moment a piece of country becomes a suburb. But more and more the typical American lives in a metropolitan rather than a small town environment.16. If now America has 250 million people, how many of them are engaged in agricultureand forestry ____________A. About 25 million.B. More than 25 million.C. Less than 25 million.D. Less than 225 million.17. Which of the following four countries has the smallest proportion of people living inmetropolitan areas _____________A. United States.B. Germany.C. France.D. England.18. What’s the meaning of the word “metropolitan” in the middle of the passage _________A. Of a large city with its suburbs.B. Of small and large towns.C. Of urban areas.D. Of rural areas.19. According to the passage, what can we learn about small towns in the United States_________A. Most small towns become gradually crowded.B. Small towns are still similar to each other.C. As the traditional picture is changing, towns are different.D. Small towns are turning into large cities.20. Why is it hard to say when a piece of country becomes a suburb __________A. Because they are the same.B. Because the rush takes place too quickly.C. Because the process is gradual.D. Because more and more Americans live in metropolitan areas.Passage3If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago, we should probably have to say that we could not remember. But if we had kept a book and had written in it an account of what we did each day, we should be able to give an answer to the question.It is the same in history. Many things have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them. Sometimes men did keep a record of the most important happenings in their country, but often it was destroyed by fire or in a war. Sometimes there was never any written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know how to write. For example, we know a good deal about the people who lived in China 4,000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for those who lived after them. But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa, because they had not learned to write.Sometimes, of course, even if the people cannot write, thy may know something of the past. They have heard about it from older people, and often songs and dances and stories have been made about the most important happenings, and these have been sung and acted and told for many generations. For most people are proud to tell what their fathers did in the past. This we may call’ remembered history’. Some of it has mow been written down. It is not so exact or so valuable to us as written history is, because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in writing. But where there are no written records, such spoken stories are often very helpful.21. Which of the following ideas is not suggested in the passage ______A. “Remembered history”, compared with written history, is less reliable.B. Written records of the past play the most important role in our learning of thehuman history.C. A written account of our daily activities helps us to be able to answer manyquestions.D. Where there are no written records, there is no history.22. We know very little about the central Africa 200 years ago because _______ .A. there was nothing worth being written down at that timeB. the people there ignored the importance of keeping a recordC. the written records were perhaps destroyed by a fireD. the people there did not know how to write23. “Remembered history” refers to ___________ .A. history based on a person’s imaginationB. stories of important happenings passed down from mouth to mouthC. songs and dances about the most important eventsD. both B and C24. “Remembered history” is regarded as valuable only when __________ .A. it is written downB. no written account is availableC. it proves to be trueD. people are interested in it25. The passage suggests that we could have learned much more about our past than we donow if the ancient people had ___________ .A. kept a written record of every past eventB. not burnt their written records in warsC. told exact stories of the most important happeningsE.made more songs and dancesPassage 4‘Mum, can we go to McDonald’s, please?’ Some people might ask, ‘Where would we be today if we did not have fast food?’ and ‘Where would parents take their children out to eat?’ It has been reported that approximately 30% of meals consumed by families in the USA are eaten at one of the big chains like Burger King and Taco Bell, though probably none is more famous than McDonald’s. The distinctive ‘golden arch’ can now be seen in most major cities in the world. In 2002, McDonald’s had approximately 25,000 restaurants in over 120 countries and served 29 million people a day.Apparently, the secret of their success is a marketing strategy of ‘think global, act local’. McDonald’s learnt that if they adapted their ‘Mac’ meals to different cultures, it was more successful than having a standardised set of products that taste the same everywhere. So now, around 80% of McDonald’s restaurants are franchised to local people who serve food with a ‘local’ flavour. For example, in Hong Kong, food called ‘Shake Shake Fries’ and ‘Red BeanSunday’ can be found on the menu, while in Switzerland, ‘Vegi Macs’ are served.However, fast food is not popular with everyone. It is often called ‘junk’ food because it is said to be unhealthy and full of fat. Furthermore, many people claim that fast food chains produce enormous amounts of waste, while millions of people in developing countries go hungry. At the same time, more and more people no longer cook fresh food at home. ‘Convenience’ food is just too convenient! It is so easy for people with busy working lives to call into their local branch of Marks and Spencer, or some other supermarket chain, to buy ready-made meals on their way home from work. It is even easier to buy a ‘take-away’ from a local restaurant or pick up the phone and order a pizza to be delivered to your home.26. The ‘golden arch’ in the second paragraph refers to ______________.A) Burger King B) Taco Bell C) McDonald’s D) all the fast food restaurants27. According to the passage, McDonald’s is successful mainly because __________________.A)It has a standardized set of products all over the worldB)It is not ‘junk’ foodC)Its’ food is convenientD)It adapted its meals to different cultures.28. In the passage, which of the following terms has/ have the same meaning with fast food.A) ‘junk’ food B) ‘convenience’ food C) ‘take-away’ D) all of the above29. Fast food is often called ‘junk food’ because _____________.A)some people think it is unhealthy and full of fatB)fast food chains produce enormous amounts of wasteC)it is no longer fresh foodD) Both A and B.30. The main idea of this passage is ____________.A)fast food todayB)the successful secret of McDonald’s.C)why fast food is thought as ‘junk’ foodD)different opinions toward fast foodPart ⅢVocabulary and Structure(25 points)Section ADirections: In this section there are 15 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet with a single line through the center.31. Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy __________for her examination.A. to prepareB. to be preparedC. preparingD. being prepared32. The computer doesn’t work well, so something _________ wrong.A. can have goneB. should have goneC. must have goneD. ought to have gone33. Although Mary is satisfied with her success, she wonders __________ will happen to heprivate life.A. howB. whoC. whatD. that34. The concert usually takes place at the People’s Square, with the audience__________on the ground.A. seatingB. seatedC. be seatingD. to seat35. If the whole program __________ beforehand, a great deal of time and money wouldhave been lost.A. was not plannedB. were not plannedC. would not be plannedD. had not been planned36. Isn’t it about the time you __________ to do morning exercises?A. beganB. beginC. should beginD. have begun37. I am very grateful to you for what you’ve given me and __________ you have done forme.A. whichB. thatC. all whatD. all that38. It was not until she had arrived home __________ remembered her appointment withthe doctor.A. when sheB. that sheC. and sheD. she39. Determined to __________ as if everything were normal, he responded with a kind ofindifference.A. carry onB. account forC. bring upD. get through40. He __________ to arrange a loan through a finance company.A. triedB. succeededC. managedD. endeavored41. Jack is good, kind, hard working and intelligent. __________, I can’t speak too highlyof him.A. As a resultB. In a wordC. By the wayD. On thecontrary42. I __________ going to the doctor, but I wish I hadn’t.A. pick outB. make outC. give offD. put off43. Young children often can’t __________ between TV programs and commercials.A. separateB. distinguishC. compareD. contrast44. The morning paper __________ a story about demonstrations in New York andWashington D.C.A. carriedB. extendedC. broughtD. took45. And what we got to __________ is a disgrace.A. come up withB. catch up withC. put up withD. keep up with Section BDirections:There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are r choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE answer that best completes the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line though the center.You will find that college classes are very different from high school classes. You will have more work and responsibilities without being pushed as much. ____46____ , you will have more freedom – freedom to choose what to study, when to study, or ____47___ to study. You will need to exercise maximum self – imposed (志愿的) , and you have only yourself to ____48____. The decisions you make ____49___ your study habits will be a ____50____ factor in your success, or lack of success in college.____51____ , you will discover that your instructors ____52____ the ones you have had previously. They will expect you to ____53___ more ____53____ in your study habits and time management. Remember that much of your learning takes place outside the classroom. Your instructor will give you additional help outside of class if there is evidence that you are putting maximum effort into the course.____54___ your abilities and skill mastery, you will need to manage your time effectively in order to succeed in college. A schedule ____55___ efficient use of time will enable you to include both work and play. When you get a job, you will soon discover that you do not work only when you wish and as you wish. (221 words)46. A. On the other hand B. ON the on handC. NeverthelessD. Therefore47. A. if B. whether C. why D. who48. A. turn to B. answer to C. respond to D. act as49. A. of B. to C. towards D. concerning50. A. determining B. demanding C. deciding D. depending51. A. However B. Nevertheless C. In addition D. Except that52. A. differ from B. are similar to C. differ in D. are alike53. A. take … part B. throw … yourselfC. plunge … yourselfD. take … initiative54. A. In spite of B. ConcerningC. Regardless ofD. On the condition of55. A. related to B. carried on C. relied on D. based onPartⅣWriting (15 points)Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write an E-mail to one of your former classmates. You should write at least 80 words, and base your E-mail on the Chineseoutline below:1.了解对方毕业后的情况.2.你的近况.3.邀请对方方便时来访.大学英语B模拟题1答案及部分注解Part I Use of English (20 points)1.从本题的对话可看出，第一句话人想见校长，但校长此时列法见他，礼貌的回答需表示歉意，并说明理由，因此最佳答案是A。

2010年9月大学英语(B)网考真题

2010年9月大学英语（B）网考真题一. Man has always wanted to fly. Even as long as eight hundred years ago, an Englishman had tried. He made a pair of 1 from chicken feathers and fixed them to his 2. Then he jumped from a tall building. As you can imagine, he did not fly very far 3, he fell to the ground and broke several bones. The first real attempt at flying 4 place in France in 1783. The two Mongolian brothers knew that hot air rose. 5 they could fill a large balloon with hot air, they thought it would rise into the air and 6 . They were right. They made a very large hot air balloon of cloth and paper. It measured ten meters in diameter. They filled it with hot air and the balloon got two hundred meters into the air. It 7 to earth about three kilometers 8 .At the next attempt, they arranged for a balloon to carry passengers. We do not know 9 the passengers felt about the trip as they were a cock, a duck, and a sheep. But we 10 know that the trip lasted eight minutes and the animals landed safely.(1)A. sticks B. fans C. wings D. flags(2).A. hands B. feet C. head D. shoulders(3).A. Well B. Differently C. Instead D. Hopefully(4).A. had B. made C. took D. got(5).A. If B. When C. After D. Since(6).A. go B. fly C. blow D. flow(7). A. went B. fell C. jumped D. blew(8).A. far B. long C. away D. high(9). A. which B. that C. who D. what(10).A. should B. can C. will D. do二. One day a woman got into her car and started driving home after work. Suddenly,1 saw a yell car behind her.2 was a man. When she turned left, the yellow car turned left. When she turned right, the yellow car turned right,3 . When she stopped4 the traffic lights, the yellow car stopped behind her. The woman was afraid, so she drove5 to the police station. She was very6 when she found the car stopped behind her. At that time, a young man was standing outside the police station. The woman was very happy to see him. She knew that he was a policeman7 he was wearing a police uniform. She jumped8 her car and ran to the policeman. She asked him to arrest the man in the yellow car, so the policeman walked to the man.The man 9 to run away when he saw the policeman. He just smiled 10 said to the woman, "I want to give this purse back to you, madam. I think you dropped it on the street."(1).A. he B. her C. she D. we(2).A. The worker B. The driver C. The man D. The policeman(3).A. also B. either C. too D. slowly(4).A. in B. on C. to D. at(5).A. quickly B. easily C. happily D. casually(6).A. exciting B. excited C. surprised D. surprising(7). A. when B. because C. after D. with(8).A. open B. locked C. out of D. out(9).A. refused B. didn't try C. tried in vain D. failed(10).A. but B. so C. or D. and三. Last night, a fire broke out in Ann's house in Manchester.Ann's 1 were out of town for the weekend when something wrong in the room caused the fire to start in the middle of the night. The 2 was waken up by the family dog, Danny, who was barking loudly in the back garden. Ann smelled something 3 _. She 4 and 5 ran through the smoke-filled house to wake her old brother, Frank.When Frank would not wake up, Ann got some help from the dog. Frank's unconscious body was far too 6 for the little girl to move alone , but the 7 girl brought the dog 8 and tied the dog's lend（牵狗的皮带）to Frank's left ankle. She then held her brother's right ankle, and together the girl and the dog 9 Frank to safety.The 10-year-old girl, Ann, 10 her big brother from death.(1).A. parents B. brother and sister C. friends D. classmates(2).A. child B. boy C. girl D. dog(3).A. delicious B. bad C. burn D. burning(4).A. stood up B. woke up C. got up D. put up(5).A. at once B. at first C. at last D. at that moment(6).A. big B. small C. light D. heavy(7).A. careless B. busy C. clever D. careful(8).A. inside B. outside C. back D. near(9).A. pushed B. pulled C. carded D. made(10).A. was received B. got C. was saved D. saved四. Modern zoos are very different from zoos that were built fifty years 1 . At that time, zoos were places 2 people could go to see animals from many parts of the world. The animals lived in cages that were made 3 concrete with iron bars, cages that were easy to keep clean.4 for the animals, the cages were small and impossible to hide in. The zoo environment was5 natural.6 the zoo keepers took good care of the animals and fed them well, many of the animals did not thrive; they behaved in strange ways, and they often became ill.In modern zoos, people can see animals in more natural habitats. The animals are given more 7 in large areas so that they can live more 8 as they would in nature. Even the appearance of zoos has changed. Trees and grass grow in the cages, and streams of water flow 9 the areas 10 animals live in.(1).A. later B. ago C. before D. after(2).A. which B. that C. when D. where(3).A. up of B. into C. of D. for(4).A. Unfortunately B. Successfully C. luckily D. Unusually(5).A. only B. anything only C. but D. anything but(6).A. Despite B. Since C. Now that D. Although(7).A. freedom B. food C. drink D. dependence(8).A. silently B. comfortably C. difficultly D. independently(9).A. over B. through C. for D. below(10).A. that B. where C. when D. these五. Fire can help people in many ways. Fire can heat water, 1 your house, give light and cook food. But fire can burn things too. Nobody knows 2 people began to use fire. One story from Australia tells about a man a very long time ago. He 3 the sun by a rope and brought fire down.Today people know how to 4 a fire with matches. Children sometimes like to play with them. But matches can be very 5 .Fire kills people every year. So you must be careful 6 matches. You should also learn to 7 fires. Fires need oxygen. Without oxygen they die. There is 8 in the air. Cover a fire with water, sand, or in an emergency, with your coat or a blanket. This keeps the air 9 a fire and kills it.Be careful with fire, and it will help you. Be careless with fire, and it might 10 you.(1).A. brighten B. warm C. beautify D. lighten(2).A. where B. when C. what D. how(3).A. watched B. got up to C. went up to D. discovered(4).A. set B. make C. cause D. catch(5).A. dangerous B. bright C. unusual D. common(6).A. about B. to C. on D. after(7).A. lay out B. put out C. put away D. do away with(8).A. fire B. moisture C. oxygen D. substance(9).A. in B. on C. away D. from(10).A. injure B. hurt C. destroy D. spoil六. Paris, which is the capital of the European nation of France, is one of the most beautiful and 1 cities in the world.Paris is called the City of Light. It is also an international fashion center. What stylish women are wearing in Paris will be worn by women 2 the world. Paris is also a famous world center of education. For instance, it is the headquarters of UNESCO（联合国教科文化组织）.The Seine River（塞纳河） 3 the city into two parts. Thirty-two bridges 4 this scenic river. The oldest and perhaps most well known is the Pont Neuf, 5 was built in the sixteen century. The Sorbonne（索帮大学）, a famous university, 6on the Left Bank of the river.There are many other famous places in Paris, 7 the famous museum the Louvre（卢浮宫）as well as the cathedral of Notre Dame（巴黎圣母院）. However, the most famous landmark in this city must be the Eiffel Tower(艾菲尔铁塔).Paris is named 8 a group of people called the Parisii. They 9 a small village on an island in the middle of the Seine River about two thousand years ago. This island, called the Ile de la Cite, is 10 Notre Dame is located. Today around eight million people live in the Paris area.(1).A. famousest B. most famous C. famouser D. more famous(2).A. all over B. over all C. whole over D. over whole(3).A. divides B. breaks C. arranges D. classifies(4).A. pass B. cover C. cross D. lie(5).A. it B. that C. where D. which(6).A. is locating B. locates C. is located D. located(7).A. as such B. such as C. such like D. like such(8).A. behind B. about C. after D. concerning(9).A. have built B. built C. had built D. build(10).A. in which B. which C. where D. that七. Scientists have studied consumer behavior recently and found 1 the look of the package has a great effect 2 the"quality" of the product and on how well it 3 , because "Consumers generally cannot 4 between a product and its package. Many products are packages and many packages are products," as Louis Cheskin, the first social scientist studying consumers' feeling for packaging, noticed. Colors are one of the best tools in packaging. Studies of eye movement have shown that colors draw human 5 quickly. Take V8 for example. For many years, the bright red color of tomatoes and carrots on the thin bottle makes you feel that it is very good for your body. And the word"green" today can keep food prices 6 .7 are another attraction. Circles often suggest happiness and peacefulness, because these shapes are 8 to both the eye and the heart. That's 9 the round yellow M signs of McDonald's are inviting to both young and old.This new consumer response to the colors and shapes of packages reminds producers and sellers that people 10 to satisfy both body and soul.(1)A. that B. what C. such D. as(2).A. with B. of C. at D. on(3).A. buys B. sells C. offers D. works(4).A. show B. display C. tell D. differ(5).A. attention B. eye C. presence D. perception(6).A. to go up B. to go down C. going up D. going down(7).A. Packages B. Shapes C. Tools D. Products(8).A. pleasantly B. pleasing C. pleased D. pleasure(9)A. how B. because C. where D. why(10).A. sell B. make C. buy D. produce八. For the first time in our marriage, I had decided to 1 my holiday alone, without my wife. We had not 2 . My common sense told me that all habits ---- even good ones ---- should be 3 from time to time. Doing everything together with my wife had become very much of a habit with me. So I had gone off to Italy 4 my own to spend three weeks at a hotel at the seaside. I had hoped it would be nice and warm. But actually it was hot in the shade, 5 enough to roast an ox. I walked about in shorts, my bald head 6 with a handkerchief, sweating and thirsty. And all the time I had to 7 my wife, who had gone to the mountains of North Wales and was doubtless 8 herself very much. Why had I, with my sensitive English skin, gone to Italy of all places? At night, I was kept 9 by two bands 10 like mad in the bar downstairs.(1).A. take B. spend C. cost D. use(2).A. debated B. approved C. agreed D. quarreled(3).A. broken B. taken C. separated D. formed(4).A. with B. for C. at D. on(5).A. cool B. warm C. cold D. hot(6).A. touching B. touched C. covered D. covering(7).A. talk to B. discuss with C. hear of D. think of(8).A. enjoying B. favoring C. liking D. loving(9).A. asleep B. awake C. astonished D. alike(10).A. play B. compose C. composing D. playing九. Nowadays most people decide quite early what kind of work they would do. When I was at school, we had to choose 1 when we were fifteen. I chose scientific subjects. " 2 , scientists will earn a lot of money," my parents said. For three years I tried to learn physics and chemistry, but in the 3 I decided that I would never be a scientist. It was a long time 4 I told my parents that I wasn't happy at school. So my father said, "Well, the best thing to do now is to look for a job."I 5 about it with my friends Frank and Lesley. 6 of them could suggest anything, but they promised that they would ask their friends. A few days later 7 I was still in bed, someone phoned, "Is that Miss Jenkins?" a man's voice asked. "I know your hobby is photography and I've got a job that might interest you in my clothes factory. My name is Mr. Thomson." I decided to see him. I was so excited that I almost forgot 8 goodbye to my mother.I arrived a bit early and when Mr. Thomson came he asked me if I 9 waiting a long time. I replied,"No, not long." After talking to me for about 20 minutes he offered me a job - not as a photographer 10 a model!(1).A. what should study B. what he studied C. what to study D. what studied(2).A. For the future B. In the future C. For future D. In future(3).A. close B. last C. end D. final(4).A. before B. as C. when D. while(5).A. told B. asked C. talked D. said(6).A. Both B. Neither C. Nor D. Not all(7).A. since B. whereas C. while D. before(8).A. saying B. to say C. speaking D. to speak(9).A. had been B. would be C. was D. might be(10).A. being B. as C. to be D. but十. Rumor is the most 1 way of spreading stories-by passing them on from mouth to mouth. But civilized countries in normal times have better 2 of news than rumor. They have radio, television, and newspapers. In times of stress and confusion, 3 , rumor emerges and becomes widespread. At such 4 the different kinds of news are in competition, the press, television, and radio versus the grapevine. Especially 5 rumors spread when war requires censorship（审查，检查）on many important matters. The customary news sources no longer give out enough information. Since the people cannot learn 6 legitimate（合法的，正规的）channels all that they are anxious to learn, they pick up "news" 7 they can and when this happens, rumor thrives.Rumors are often repeated 8 by those who do not believe the tales. There is a fascination about them. The reason is that the cleverly designed rumor gives expression to something deep in the hearts of the victims-the fears, suspicions, forbidden hopes, or daydreams which they hesitate to 9 directly. Pessimistic（悲观的）rumors about defeat and disasters show that the people who repeat them are worried and anxious. 10 rumors about record production or peace soon coming point to complacency（满足，自得）or confidence-and often to overconfidence.(1).A. primitive B. important C. impossible D. outstanding(2).A. means B. ways C. sources D. resource(3).A. and B. however C. so D. therefore(4).A. time B. the times C. times D. the time(5).A. do B. did C. are D. were(6).A. through B. by C. in D. across(7).A. wherever B. where C. whatever D. what(8).A. ever B. even C. forever D. much(9).A. act B. voice C. behave D. do(10).A. Bad B. Pessimistic C. Optimistic D. Good十一. Many people would agree that stress is a major problem 1 modern life. It is certainly true that worry and quarrel can cause all kinds of illnesses, 2 backache to severe headaches, or even more serious complaints such as high blood pressure.Many of us think 3 stress as 4 that other people impose 5 us. We often complain about how other people put us 6 pressure. But we should try not to let such pressure 7 us. We should not forget that we are largely responsible for some of the stress ourselves. We sometimes take 8 more work than our bodies and our minds can handle. We should learn to 9 our limitations.We should 10 of which things are really important and which are not.(1).A. on B. in C. with D. under(2).A. from B. for C. in D. of(3).A. about B. of C. out D. in(4).A. some thing B. anything C. something D. any thing(5).A. for B. in C. of D. on(6).A. under B. in C. of D. for(7).A. effect B. affect C. to effect D. to affect(8).A. out B. on C. off D. in(9).A. get B. receive C. accept D. obtain(10).A. be aware B. know C. understand D. notice。

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