英语二2013年Text2
2013年英语二考研真题及答案精校版
2013 年考研英语（二）真题SectionⅠUse of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. 1 , a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been 2 for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon “revolutionize the very 3 of money itself,” only to 4 itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so 5 in coming?Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 8 form of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 9 receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of “float”—it takes several days 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuer’s account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth, electronic means of payment may 14 security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an 16 occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and 17 from someone else’s accounts. The18 of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to 19 security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a largeamount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1.[A] Moreover [B] However [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2.[A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3.[A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4.[A] reverse [B] resist [C] resume [D] reward5.[A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6.[A] for [B] against [C] with [D] on7.[A] expensive [B] imaginative [C] sensitive [D] productive8.[A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9.[A] collect [B] copy [C] provide [D] print10.[A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11.[A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12.[A] kept [B] borrowed [C] withdrawn [D] released13.[A] Unless [B] Because [C] Until [D] Though14.[A] hide [B] express [C] ease [D] raise15.[A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16.[A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] unclear [D] uncommon17.[A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18.[A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19.[A] call for [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] cope with20.[A] chunk [B] chip [C] trail [D] pathSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1In an essay entitled “Making It in America,” the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill has only two employees today, “a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that h ave recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job, could earn an average lifestyle. But, today, average is officially over. Being average just won’t earn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra—their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there’s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes, “In the 10 years ending in 2009, U.S. factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs—about 6 million in total—disappeared.”There will always be changed—new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I. T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G. I. Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to post-high schooleducation.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate _______.[A] the impact of technological advances [B] the alleviation of job pressure[C] the shrinkage of textile mills [D] the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to _______.[A] work on cheap software [B] ask for a moderate salary[C] adopt an average lifestyle [D] contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that _______.[A] gains of technology have been erased[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C] factories are making much less money than before[D] new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is _______.[A] to accelerate the I. T. revolution [B] to advance economic globalization[C] to ensure more education for people [D] to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] New Law Takes Effect [B] Technology Goes Cheap[C] Average Is Over [D] Recession Is BadText 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and who would make some money and then go home. Between 1908 and 1915, about 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio,” birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or brand them as aliens to be kicked out. That framework has contributed mightily to our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need morecategories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas. They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them. They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle. Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes, including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26. “Birds of passage” refers to those who _______.[A] stay in a foreign country temporarily [B] leave their home countries for good[C] immigrate across the Atlantic [D] find permanent jobs overseas27. It is implied in Paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US _______.[A] needs new immigrant categories [B] has loosened control over immigrants[C] should be adapted to meet challenges [D] has been fixed via political means28. According to the author, today’s birds of passage want _______.[A] financial incentives [B] a global recognition[C] the freedom to stay and leave [D] opportunities to get regular jobs29. The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated _______.[A] as faithful partners [B] with legal tolerance[C] with economic favors [D] as mighty rivals30. The most appropriate title for this text would be _______.[A] Come and Go: Big Mistake [B] Living and Thriving: Great Risk[C] With or Without: Great Risk [D] Legal or Illegal: Big MistakeText 3Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing. Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases—or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marriage expert, explai ns that we quickly “thin slice” information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in “thick sliced” long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation: two days, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals: dogs can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technology might change the way we react, it hasn’t changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.31. The time needed in making decisions may _______.[A] predetermine the accuracy of our judgment[B] prove the complexity of our brain reaction[C] depend on the importance of the assessment[D] vary according to the urgency of the situation32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snap decisions _______.[A] can be associative [B] are not unconscious[C] can be dangerous [D] are not impulsive33. To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions, we should _______.[A] trust our first impression [B] think before we act[C] do as people usually do [D] ask for expert advice34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reactions are based on _______.[A] critical assessment [B] “thin sliced” study[C] adequate information [D] sensible explanation35. The author’s attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is _______.[A] tolerant [B] optimistic [C] uncertain [D] doubtfulText 4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family-friendly until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe’s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male. Indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on European corporate boards.The European Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women—up to 60 percent. This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last year, European Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a callto voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goals of 40 percent female board membership. But her appeal was considered a failure: only 24 companies took it up.Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate ladder fairly as they balance work and family?“Personally, I don’t like quotas,” Reding said recently. “But I like what the quotas do.” Quotas get action: they “open the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling,” according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.I understand Reding’s reluctance—and her frustration. I don’t like quotas either; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, governance by the capable. But, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered.After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as well as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top position—no matter how much “soft pressure” is put upon them. When women do break through to the summit of corporate power—as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook—they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.If appropriate public policies were in place to help all women—whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers—and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.36. In the European corporate workplace, generally _______.[A]women take the lead[B] men have the final say[C] corporate governance is overwhelmed[D] senior management is family-friendly37. The European Union’s intended legislation is _______.[A] a reflection of gender balance [B] a response to Reding’s call[C] a reluctant choice [D] a voluntary action38. According to Reding, quotas may help women _______.[A] get top business positions [B] see through the glass ceiling[C] balance work and family [D] anticipate legal results39. The author’s attitude toward Reding’s appeal is one of _______.[A] skepticism [B] objectiveness [C] indifference [D] approval40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of _______.[A] more social justice [B] massive media attention[C] suitable public policies [D] greater “soft pressure”Part BDirections：Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subtitle from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph (41-45). There are two extra subtitles which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Live like a peasant[B] Balance your diet[C] Shopkeepers are your friends[D] Remember to treat yourself[E] Stick to what you need[F] Planning is everything[G] Waste not, want notThe hugely popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Tony balances his love of good food with living on benefits. After bills, Tony has ￡60 a week to spend, ￡40 of which goes on food, but 10 years ago he was earning ￡130,000 a year working in corporate communications and eating at London’s best restaurants at least twice a we ek. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious. “The community mental health team saved my life. And I felt like that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gave me the validation and confidence that I’d lost. But it’s still a day-by-day thing.” Now he’s living in a council flat and fielding offers from literaryagents. He’s feeling positive, but he’ll carry on blogging—not about eating as cheaply as you can—“there are so many people in a much worse state, with barely any money to spend on food”—but eating well on a budget. Here’s his advice for economical foodies.41. _______________________Impulsive spending isn’t an option, so plan your week’s menu in advance, making shopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for a week of breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: it’s not just cost effective but helps you balance your diet. It’s also a good idea to shop daily instead of weekly, becau se, being human, you’ll sometimes change your mind about what you fancy.42. _______________________This is where supermarkets and their anonymity come in handy. With them, there’s not the same embarrassment as when buying one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if you plan properly, you’ll know that you only need, say, 350g of shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever weight is pre-packed in the supermarket chiller.43. _______________________You may proudly claim to only have frozen peas in the freezer—that’s not good enough. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Planning ahead should eliminate wastage, but if you have surplus vegetables you’ll do a vegetable soup, and all fruits threatening to “go off” will be coo ked or juiced.44. _______________________Everyone says this, but it really is a top tip for frugal eaters. Shop at butchers, delis and fish-sellers regularly, even for small things, and be super friendly. Soon you’ll feel comfortable asking if they’v e any knuckles of ham for soups and stews, or beef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often than not, they’ll let you have for free.44. _______________________You won’t be eating out a lot, but save your pennies and once ev ery few months treat yourself to a set lunch at a good restaurant—￡1.75 a week for three months gives you ￡21—more than enough for a three-course lunch at Michelin-starred Arbutus. It’s ￡16.95 there—or ￡12.99 for a large pizza from Domino’s: I know which I’d rather eat.Section ⅢTranslation46. Directions：In this section there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2. (15points)I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was, what happened in the news and even the day of the week. I’ve been able to do this since I was four.I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs. My mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away neatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everyone does—try to put it to one side. I don’t think it’s harder for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acute or vivid. I can recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the day before. I also remember that the musical play Hair opened on the Broadway on the same day—they both just pop into my mind in the same way.Section ⅣWritingPart A47. Directions：Suppose your class is to hold a charity sale for kids in need of help. Write your classmates an email to1) inform them about the details, and2) encourage them to participate.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name. Use “Li Ming” inste ad.Do not write your address. (10 points)Part B48. Directions：Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)2013年考研英语（一）真题答案解析Section Ⅰ Use of English1.【答案解析】正确答案是B。
2013考研英语二真题及答案详解
慕课考研
4. [A] reward 5. [A] silent 6. [A] for [B] resist [B] sudden [B] against [C] resume [C] slow [C] with [D] reverse [D] steady [D] on [C] sensitive [D] productive
Use of English
பைடு நூலகம்
Fourth, electronic means of payment may 14 security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an 16 occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and 17 from someone else's accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to 19 security issues. A further concern is that the use of e lectronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy. 1. [A] However 2. [A] off 3. [A] power [B] Moreover [B] back [B] concept [C] over [C] history [C] Therefore [D] around [D] role [D] Otherwise
考研英语 2013 Text 2
2013 Text 2An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted—the trouble is, no one knows which half. In the internet age, at least in theory,this fraction can be much reduced. By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim“behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy.In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of suchfine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Cornm ission (FTC) proposed adding a “do not track ”(DNT) option to internet browsers,so that users could tell advertisers that they did not want to be followed.Microsoft’s Internet Explorer and Apple’s Safari both offer DNT; Google’s Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digital Advertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responding to DNT requests.On May 31st Microsoft set off the row. It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version dueto appearwith windows 8, would have DNT as a default.Advertisers are horrified. Human nature being what it is, most people stick with default settings. Few switch DNT on now, but if tracking is off it will stay off. Bob Liodice, the chief executive of the Association of National Adertisers, says consumers will be worse off if the industry cannot collect information about their preferences. People will not get fewer ads, he says. “They’ll get less meaningful, less targeted ads.”It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Geting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. After all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on advertising, it has chosen an indirect method: there is no guarantee that DNT by default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8—though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google’s on that count b efore. Brendon Lynch, Microsoft’s chief privacy officer, bloggde:“we believe cons umers should have more control.” Could it really be that simple? [433 words]26. It is suggested in P aragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to ______.[A] provide better online services[B] ease competition among themselves[C] avoid complaints from consumers[D] lower their operational costs27. “the industry” (Line 6,Para.3) refers to ______.[A] internet browser developers[B] digital information analysts[C] e-commerce conductors[D] online advertisers28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default ______.[A] may cut the number of junk ads[B] fails to affect the ad industry[C] will not benefit consumers[D] goes against human nature29. which of the following is ture according to Paragraph6?[A] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT.[B] DNT may not serve its intended purpose.[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers.[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads.30. The author’s attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of______.[A] indulgence[B] understanding[C] appreciaction[D] skepticism。
2013年考研英语二真题原文及答案解析
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise
2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around
3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role
4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse
Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecornmunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 8 form of payment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 9 receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float" - it takes several days 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuer's account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic payments arc immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.
2013年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析
2013 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文主要分析了无现金社会为何迟迟不来的原因。
第一段是文章的中心段落，指出真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来。
第二、三段从电子支付设备昂贵、纸质支票提供收据、使用纸质支票能获得浮存利息以及电子支付方式存在的安全隐私问题四个方面分析纸币系统得以继续存在的理由。
二、试题解析1．【答案】A （However）【解析】空前作者讲到“鉴于电子货币的优势,你也许会认为,我们将快速步入无现金社会,实现完全电子支付。
”而空后说“真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来”，两者之前出现了明显的转折关系，因此答案A。
B. moreover 表递进C.therefore 表结果D. Otherwise 表对比2．【答案】D （around）【解析】由空格所在句的“but”得知，句子前后是转折关系。
事实上,这样的预测已经二十年了,但迄今还没有实现。
A. off 停止; B. back 返回; C. over 结束，与后文均不构成转折，故答案选D. around 出现。
3．【答案】B （concept）【解析】空格所在的句子意思为例如, 1975 年《商业周刊》预测电子支付手段不久将“彻底改变货币本身的____”将四个选项带入，能够彻底改变的对象只能是金钱的概念（定义），而A“力量”,C“历史”,D “角色”，语义都不恰当，并且如果选择role 的话，应该是复数roles, 因为是金钱的作用不止一个，故答案选B。
4．【答案】D （reverse）【解析】空格填入的动词跟前面的动词revolutionize （变革）意思上应该是同义替换的，要选择含有变革，彻底改变意思的词汇，四个选项中A. reward 奖励B. 抵抗C. resume 重新开始，继续，都不合适，只有D 选项reverse“颠覆”最为贴切，本句译为“电子支付方式不久将改变货币的定义,并将在数年后颠覆货币本身。
2013text2英语二
2013text2英语二摘要：一、引言二、2013年英语二考试概述三、考试各部分内容分析1.阅读理解2.完形填空3.翻译4.写作四、考试难度及特点五、应对策略六、总结正文：一、引言2013年的英语二考试对于许多考生来说是极具挑战性的。
本篇文章将针对这一年的英语二考试进行详细的分析，并提供一些应对策略，希望能对考生有所帮助。
二、2013年英语二考试概述2013年的英语二考试继续遵循着我国高考改革的方向，注重考查考生的实际英语运用能力。
整张试卷的结构和题型设置与往年大致相同，分为阅读理解、完形填空、翻译和写作四个部分。
三、考试各部分内容分析1.阅读理解2013年英语二阅读理解部分共有20个小题，涉及各种题型，如细节题、推断题、主旨题等。
文章内容丰富，涉及文化、科技、社会等多个领域，要求考生具备一定的词汇量和阅读理解能力。
2.完形填空完形填空部分共有20个小题，要求考生在理解文章的基础上，从所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。
2013年的完形填空文章主题多样，考生需要通过上下文推断出最佳选项。
3.翻译翻译部分共有10个小题，要求考生将中文句子翻译成英文或英文句子翻译成中文。
题目涉及日常生活、文化、社会等多个方面，要求考生具备较强的英汉互译能力。
4.写作2013年英语二写作部分要求考生根据所给的图画材料写一篇150词左右的短文。
题目具有一定的开放性，要求考生能运用一定的语言表达能力和逻辑思维能力进行创作。
四、考试难度及特点整体来说，2013年英语二考试难度适中，但题目设置较为灵活，考查考生的实际英语运用能力。
考生需要在备考过程中注重提高自己的阅读理解、英汉互译和写作能力。
五、应对策略针对2013年英语二考试的特点，考生在备考过程中应注重以下几点：1.提高词汇量，扩大阅读范围，增强阅读理解能力；2.多做翻译练习，提高自己的英汉互译能力；3.积累写作素材，提高自己的写作能力；4.注重实际英语运用能力的提高，而不仅仅是应试技巧。
2013考研英语二真题及答案(详细版)
2013考研英语二真题及答案(详细版)为您提供2013考研英语二真题及答案(详细版)，希望大家喜欢。
2013考研英语二真题及答案(详细版)Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. ___1___, a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions of such a society have been ___2___ for twodecades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon revolutionize the very ___3___ of money itself, only to ___4___ itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so ___5___ in coming?Although e-money might be more convenient and may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work __6___ the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very ___7___ to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the ___8___ form of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantage that they ___9___ receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to ___10___. Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of float -it takes several days ___11___ a check is cashed and funds are ___12___ from the issuer s account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime. ___13___ electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer. Fourth, electronic means of payment ___14___ security and privacy concerns. We oftenhear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information ___15___ there.Because this is not an ___16___ occurrence, unscrupulous persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and ___17___ funds by moving them from someone else s accounts into their own. The ___18___ of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a whole new field of computer science has developed to ___19___ security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic ___20___ that contains a large amount of personal data on buying habits. There are worries that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby encroaching on our privacy.1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C]with [D] on7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10. [A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D]ease15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19. [A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for20. [A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trail答案：1-5: ADBDC6-10: BBDBA11-15: ADCCC 16-20: CABAD[考点分析] 本题考察逻辑关系[选项分析] 因为考察逻辑关系，所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：填空之后的信息为a true cashless society isprobably not around the corner . (一个无现金社会不太可能马上出现)，而文章之前的信息都是在说我们可能马上就进入一个无现金社会，两者之间出现了明显的转折关系，因此只有however符合题意。
英语二2013年text2
英语二2013年text2在准备英语考试的过程中，历年真题的文章是我们了解出题规律、提高阅读能力的重要资料。
下面，我将为大家详细解析2013年英语二考试的text2。
一、文章概述2013年英语二考试的text2主题为“美国水资源管理”，主要讲述了美国在水资源管理方面所面临的挑战以及应对策略。
文章选自The New York Times（《纽约时报》）。
二、文章结构及内容解析1.导语部分（第1段）文章开头提到了美国水资源管理面临的问题：水资源的稀缺和基础设施的老化。
这为下文展开讨论提供了背景。
2.主体部分（第2-4段）第2段：介绍了美国水资源管理的主要措施，包括提高水资源利用效率、加强水资源保护和开展水资源教育。
第3段：分析了美国水资源管理面临的挑战，如气候变化、人口增长和城市化进程等。
第4段：讨论了美国政府及民间组织在应对水资源管理挑战方面的举措，如加大基础设施投资、推广水资源节约技术等。
3.结尾部分（第5段）文章结尾强调了水资源管理的重要性，并提出美国需要采取更多措施来应对未来的水资源挑战。
三、文章亮点及难点1.亮点：文章用词地道，表达准确，为大家提供了丰富的词汇和表达方式。
2.难点：文章中涉及了一些专业词汇，如“水循环”、“基础设施”等，需要大家在阅读过程中注意积累。
四、备考建议1.熟悉文章结构和内容，提高阅读速度。
2.积累文章中的重点词汇和表达，提高自己的语言水平。
3.了解文章背景，拓宽知识面。
4.学会分析文章的论点、论据和论证方法，提高自己的思辨能力。
通过以上分析，相信大家对2013年英语二考试的text2有了更深入的了解。
英语二2013年text2
英语二2013年text2Title: An Analysis of English II 2013 Text 2Introduction:English II 2013 Text 2 is an important reading material that requires a comprehensive analysis. This article aims to provide a detailed and professional examination of the text. It will be structured into an introduction, main body, and conclusion. The main body will consist of five major points, each containing 3-5 sub-points, to thoroughly explore the content of the text.Main Body:1. Background Information1.1 Historical Context1.2 Author's Background1.3 Purpose of the Text1.4 Target Audience1.5 Key Concepts Introduced2. Content Analysis2.1 Main Idea of the Text2.2 Supporting Arguments2.3 Evidence and Examples Presented2.4 Logical Structure of the Text2.5 Tone and Style Used3. Language Usage3.1 Vocabulary and Terminology3.2 Sentence Structure and Grammar 3.3 Rhetorical Devices Employed3.4 Figurative Language3.5 Use of Citations and References4. Critical Analysis4.1 Strengths of the Text4.1.1 Clear and Coherent Arguments 4.1.2 Well-supported Claims4.1.3 Effective Use of Evidence4.2 Weaknesses of the Text4.2.1 Lack of Counterarguments4.2.2 Overgeneralizations4.2.3 Biased Language4.3 Overall Impression and Evaluation5. Relevance and Impact5.1 Connection to Real-World Issues 5.2 Implications for Society5.3 Influence on Academic Discourse 5.4 Potential for Further Research5.5 Lasting Impact on the FieldConclusion:In conclusion, the English II 2013 Text 2 provides valuable insights into its subject matter. Through the analysis of its background information, content, language usage, critical evaluation, and relevance, we have gained a comprehensive understanding of the text. Despite some weaknesses, the text contributes to the academic discourse and has the potential to inspire further research. Its impact on society and the field cannot be underestimated. Overall, this analysis highlights the significance of English II 2013 Text 2 and its relevance in the context of English education.。
2013text2英语二
2013text2英语二
随着全球工业化、城市化的加速发展，环境问题日益严重。
空气污染、水资源短缺、土地沙化等问题不仅威胁着人类的生存环境，还对经济发展造成了巨大压力。
因此，解决环境问题、实现可持续发展已成为全球范围内的迫切任务。
可持续发展理念起源于20世纪80年代，旨在实现人类与自然环境的和谐共生。
这一理念强调在保护环境、满足人们基本需求的基础上，实现经济、社会和环境的协调发展。
在我国，可持续发展战略已得到高度重视，并纳入国家发展战略的重要组成部分。
可持续发展理念在不同领域有着广泛应用。
在能源领域，发展清洁能源、提高能源利用效率成为趋势；在农业领域，推广绿色农业、生态农业成为发展方向；在城市规划方面，强调绿色出行、低碳生活等。
这些措施为实现可持续发展目标奠定了基础。
为了进一步推动可持续发展，本文提出以下建议：
1.提高公众环保意识，倡导绿色生活，鼓励大家参与到环保行动中来。
2.加强政策法规制定，确保环保政策的落地生根，严厉打击环境违法行为。
3.创新环保技术，加大科研投入，推广绿色科技成果。
4.加强国际合作，共同应对全球性环境问题，实现可持续发展目标。
总之，2013text2英语二文章围绕环保和可持续发展主题，分析了当前环境问题的严重性，以及可持续发展理念在各个领域的应用。
通过提出一系列建
议，为我们实现可持续发展目标提供了有益指导。
2013英语二text2
2013英语二text2The American Dream: A Collective Aspiration and a Personal Journey.The American Dream is a deeply ingrained concept in the collective psyche of the United States, embodying the aspirations and ideals of generations past and present. While it lacks a definitive definition, the Dream is characterized by a belief in opportunity, equality, and the pursuit of happiness. It is intertwined with the nation's history and has evolved over time, reflecting the changing demographics and aspirations of its people.At its core, the American Dream is a belief in the possibility of upward mobility and economic success. It isa conviction that individuals have the power to shape their own destinies, regardless of their socioeconomic background. The Dream encourages hard work, determination, and innovation as pathways to prosperity. It fosters a spiritof optimism and a belief in the transformative power ofindividual action.Beyond material wealth, the American Dream encompassesa broader notion of personal fulfillment and well-being. It is a desire for a meaningful life, characterized by freedom, security, and the ability to pursue one's passions. Education, family, and community play vital roles inshaping the Dream, providing individuals with the knowledge, support, and connections necessary to achieve their aspirations.The American Dream has been a driving force in thenation's history, inspiring immigrants and citizens aliketo strive for a better life. It has fueled westward expansion, economic growth, and social progress. However,the Dream has also been criticized for being elusive and unattainable for many Americans. Critics argue that economic inequality, systemic racism, and other social barriers have made it increasingly difficult forindividuals to achieve their full potential.In recent decades, the American Dream has undergone atransformation, reflecting the changing social and economic landscape of the country. While the pursuit of material wealth remains a significant aspect of the Dream, there has been a growing emphasis on work-life balance, sustainability, and social responsibility. The Dream is no longer solely defined by the accumulation of possessions but rather by the quality of life and the contributions one makes to society.Despite its complexities and challenges, the American Dream continues to resonate with Americans from all walks of life. It is a symbol of hope, aspiration, and the belief in a better future. The Dream may evolve over time, but its fundamental message of opportunity, equality, and personal fulfillment remains timeless.As we navigate the ever-changing landscape of the 21st century, it is crucial to re-examine the American Dream and ensure that it remains accessible to all. By addressing systemic barriers, promoting education and economic mobility, and fostering a spirit of unity and inclusivity, we can create a society where every individual has theopportunity to achieve their full potential.The American Dream as a Personal Journey.For each individual, the American Dream takes on a unique form, shaped by their personal experiences, aspirations, and values. It is a journey of self-discovery, resilience, and the pursuit of a meaningful life.For some, the American Dream may be realized through professional success, financial security, and the ability to provide for their families. Others may define the Dream in terms of artistic expression, intellectual growth, or service to their communities. For many immigrants, the American Dream is synonymous with the opportunity to build a new life for themselves and their families, free from the constraints of their homelands.The journey towards the American Dream is not without its challenges. Individuals face obstacles such as economic hardship, discrimination, and personal setbacks. However,it is through adversity that resilience and determinationare forged. The pursuit of the Dream often requires sacrifice, perseverance, and a willingness to adapt and overcome challenges.Along the way, individuals draw inspiration and support from mentors, family members, and friends. They learn from their mistakes, embrace setbacks as opportunities for growth, and never lose sight of their aspirations. The journey towards the American Dream is not linear but rather a winding path, filled with both triumphs and tribulations.The American Dream is not merely a destination but rather an ongoing pursuit. It is a belief in the power of human potential, the importance of hard work, and the possibility of creating a better future for oneself and for generations to come. As individuals navigate the complexities of the 21st century, they continue to redefine and pursue the American Dream in their own unique ways, contributing to the collective tapestry of a nation built on hope and aspiration.。
2013年考研英语二真题及答案(完整版) 2
2013年研究生入学考试英语二真题与解析英语二完型Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically.___1___, a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions of such a society have been ___2___ for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment “would soon revolutionize the very ___3___ of money itself,” only to ___4___ itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so ___5___ in coming?Although e-money might be more convenient and may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work __6___ the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very ___7___ to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the___8___ form of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantage that they___9___ receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to ___10___. Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float"-it takes several days ___11___ a check is cashed and funds are ___12___ from the issuer's account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime. ___13___ electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer. Fourth, electronic means of payment ___14___ security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information ___15___ there.Because this is not an ___16___ occurrence, unscrupulous persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and ___17___ funds by moving them from someone else‟s accounts into their own. The ___18___ of thistype of fraud is no easy task, and a whole new field of computer science has developed to ___19___ security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic ___20___ that contains a large amount of personal data on buying habits. There are worries that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby encroaching on our privacy.1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C]with [D] on7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10. [A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D]ease15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19. [A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for20. [A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trail英语二阅读原文及出处：Text 1In an essay, entitled “Making It in America,”in the latest issue of The Atlantic, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country aboutjust how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill has only two employees today, “a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines。
2013考研英语二真题及答案
2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. __1__, a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been __2__ for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon “revolutionize the very __3__ of money itself,” only to __4__ itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so __5__ in coming?Although electronic means of payment might be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work __6__ the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very __7__ to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the __8__ form of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantage that they __9__ receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to __10__. Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of “float”—it takes several days __11__ a check is cashed and funds are __12__ from the issuer’s account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. __13__ electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumers.Forth, electronic means of payment may __14__ security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information __15__ there. The fact that this is not an __16__ occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and __17__ from someone else’s accounts. The __18__ of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to __19__ security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic __20__ that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C]with [D] on7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10. [A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D]ease15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19. [A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for20. [A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trailSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In an essay entitled “Making It in America,”, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill has only two employees today, “a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man aw ay from the machines.”Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job, could earn an average lifestyle. But, today, average is officially over. Being average just won’t earn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra — their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there’s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes, “In the 10 years ending in 2009, U.S. factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs — about 6 million in total —disappeared.”There will always be change — new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G. I. Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to post-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_______.[A] the impact of technological advances[B] the alleviation of job pressure[C] the shrinkage of textile mills[D] the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to______.[A] work on cheap software[B] ask for a moderate salary[C] adopt an average lifestyle[D] contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that ______.[A] gains of technology have been erased[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C] factories are making much less money than before[D] new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_____.[A] to accelerate the I.T. revolution[B] to ensure more education for people[C] to advance economic globalization[D] to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] New Law Takes Effect[B] Technology Goes Cheap[C] Average Is Over[D] Recession Is BadText 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, "uccelli di passaggio," birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don't need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today's birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas. They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them. They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. Weneed them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle. Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26. “Birds of passage” refers to those who____.[A] immigrate across the Atlantic[B] leave their home countries for good[C] stay in a foreign temporarily[D]find permanent jobs overseas27. It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US____.[A] needs new immigrant categories[B] has loosened control over immigrants[C] should be adopted to meet challenges[D]has been fixed via political means28. According to the author, today’s birds of passage want___.[A] financial incentives[B] a global recognition[C] opportunities to get regular jobs[D]the freedom to stay and leave29. The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated __.[A] as faithful partners[B] with economic favors[C] with legal tolerance[D]as mighty rivals30 which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] Come and Go: Big Mistake[B] Living and Thriving: Great Risk[C] With or Without: Great Risk[D]Legal or Illegal: Big MistakeText 3Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But weneed more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of perso nality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing. Subjects exposed t o fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases — or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “thin slice” information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in “thick sliced” long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation: two days, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals: dogs can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technology might change the way we react, it hasn’t changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.31. The time needed in making decisions may____.[A] vary according to the urgency of the situation[B] prove the complexity of our brain reaction[C] depend on the importance of the assessment[D] predetermine the accuracy of our judgment32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snap decisions____.[A] can be associative[B] are not unconscious[C] can be dangerous[D] are not impulsive33. To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions, we should____.[A] trust our first impression[B] do as people usually do[C] think before we act[D] ask for expert advice34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reactions are based on____.[A] critical assessment[B] ‘‘thin sliced’’ study[C] sensible explanation[D] adequate information35. The author’s attitu de toward reversing the high-speed trend is____.[A] tolerant[B] uncertain[C] optimistic[D] doubtfulText 4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family—friendly until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe’s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male. Indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on Europe corporate boards.The Europe Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women—up to 60 percent. This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last year, Europe Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goal of 40 percent female board membership. But her appeal was considered a failure: only 24 companies took it up.Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate Ladder fairy as they balance work and family?“Personally, I don’t like quotas,” Reding said recently. “But I like what the quotas do.” Quotas get action: they “open the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling,” according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.I understand Reding’s reluctance and her frustration. I don’t like quotas either; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, government by the capable. But, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered.After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top position— no matter how much “soft pressure” is put upon them. When women do break through to the summit of corporate power--as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook—they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.If appropriate pubic policies were in place to help all women---whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers--and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.36. In the European corporate workplace, generally_____.[A] women take the lead[B] men have the final say[C] corporate governance is overwhelmed[D] senior management is family-friendly37. The European Union’s intended legislation is ________.[A] a reflection of gender balance[B] a reluctant choice[C] a response to Reding’s call[D] a voluntary action38. According to Reding, quotas may help women ______.[A] get top business positions[B] see through the glass ceiling[C] balance work and family[D] anticipate legal results39. The author’s attitude toward Reding’s appeal is one of _________.[A] skepticism[B] objectiveness[C] indifference[D] approval40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of ______.[A] more social justice[B] massive media attention[C] suitable public policies[D] greater “soft pressure”Part BDirections:You are going to read a list of headings and a text. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph (41-45).Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)[A] Live like a peasant[B] Balance your diet[C] Shopkeepers are your friends[D] Remember to treat yourself[E] Stick to what you need[F] Planning is everything[G] Waste not, want notThe hugely popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Tony balances his love of good food with living on benefits. After bills, Tony has £60 a week to spend, £40 of which goes on food, but 10 years ago he was earning £130,000 a year working in corporate communications and eating at London's best restaurants at least twice a week. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious. "The community mental health team saved my life. And I feltlike that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gave me the validation and confidence that I'd lost. But it's still a day-by-day thing." Now he's living in a council flat and fielding offers from literary agents. He's feeling positive, but he'll carry on blogging - not about eating as cheaply as you can - "there are so many people in a much worse state, with barely any money to spend on food" - but eating well on a budget. Here's his advice for economical foodies.41._____________________Impulsive spending isn't an option, so plan your week's menu in advance, making shopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for a week of breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: it's not just cost effective but helps you balance your diet. It's also a good idea to shop daily instead of weekly, because, being human, you'll sometimes change your mind about what you fancy.42________________________This is where supermarkets and their anonymity come in handy. With them, there's not the same embarrassment as when buying one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if you plan properly, you'll know that you only need, say, 350g of shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever weight is pre-packed in the supermarket chiller.43____________________________You may proudly claim to only have frozen peas in the freezer - that's not good enough. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Planning ahead should eliminate wastage, but if you have surplus vegetables you'll do a vegetable soup, and all fruits threa tening to “go off” will be cooked or juiced.44_______________________Everyone says this, but it really is a top tip for frugal eaters. Shop at butchers, delis and fish-sellers regularly, even for small things, and be super friendly. Soon you'll feel comfortable asking if they've any knuckles of ham for soups and stews, or beef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often than not, they’ll let you have for free.45______________________You won't be eating out a lot, but save your pennies and once every few months treat yourself to a set lunch at a good restaurant —£1.75 a week for three months gives you £21 - more than enough for a three-course lunch at Michelin-starred Arbutus. It's £16.95 there - or £12.99 for a large pizza from Domino's: I know which I'd rather eat.Section III Translation46. Directions:Translate the following text from English to Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2. (15 points)I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was, what happened in the news and even the day of the week. I’ve been able to do this since I was 4.I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs. My mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away neatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everybody does – try to put it to one side. I don't think it's harder for me just because mymemory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn't make my emotions any more acute or vivid. I can recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the day before. I also remember that the musical play Hair opened on Broadway on the same day – they both just pop into my mind in the same way.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose your class is to hold a charity sale for kids in need of help. Write your classmates an e-mail to1) inform them about the details, and2) encourage them to participate.You should write about 100 words.Don’t use your own name. U se “Li Ming” instead. Don't write your address. (10 points)Part B48. Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should(1) interpret the chart, and(2) give your commentsYou should write about 150 words.Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题Section I: Use of English (10 points)1 - 5: ADBDC6 - 10: BBDBA11-15: ADCCC16-20: CABADSection II: Reading Comprehension (50 points)21-25: ADBBC26-30: CCDCD31-35: DACDC36-40: BAADC41-45: FEGCDSection III :Translation (15 Points)从过去的53年中任选一天，我都能立刻知道当时自己在哪里，新闻中发生了什么事情，甚至那天是周几。
2013text2英语二
2013text2英语二2013 Text 2 英语二In 2013, the English II exam, also known as Text 2, presented a thought-provoking passage that discussed the importance of storytelling and its impact on individuals and society. This essay aims to delve into the key points of the passage and explore the significance of storytelling in a clear and comprehensive manner.The passage begins by emphasizing the universality of storytelling, suggesting that it is an innate human trait that is present in every culture and plays a crucial role in shaping our understanding of the world. Stories are not mere entertainment, but rather, serve as vehicles for conveying meaning, values, and beliefs. They create a shared experience, serving as a medium through which cultures pass down their history and knowledge from one generation to another.Furthermore, storytelling has the power to enhance empathy and understanding among individuals. Through stories, we are able to immerse ourselves in the lives of others, gain insight into their experiences, and develop a deeper sense of compassion. This ability to connect on an emotional level fosters a sense of community and helps to bridge the gaps between different cultures and perspectives.Additionally, storytelling serves as a tool for personal growth and self-reflection. By engaging with different narratives, we are able to explore different perspectives and question our own assumptions. This introspection allows us to develop a broader understanding of ourselves and the worldaround us. It encourages critical thinking and helps us to challenge societal norms and preconceived notions.Moreover, storytelling has been proven to have cognitive benefits. Research suggests that reading or listening to stories activates various parts of the brain, enhancing our cognitive abilities and improving our overall mental health. Stories encourage imagination, creativity, and problem-solving skills. They stimulate our minds and provide an escape from the stresses of everyday life.On a societal level, storytelling has the potential to shape public opinion and influence social change. Historically, stories have played a pivotal role in shaping political movements and challenging injustices. They have the power to amplify marginalized voices and shed light on important issues. By sharing our own experiences and perspectives through storytelling, we can contribute to a more inclusive and equitable society.In conclusion, the passage from the 2013 English II exam highlights the significance of storytelling and its profound impact on individuals and society. By allowing us to connect with others, fostering personal growth, improving cognitive abilities, and driving social change, storytelling serves as a powerful tool for communication and understanding. It is an essential aspect of our human experience and deserves our attention and appreciation.(Note: The word count of the essay is 421. To meet the requirement of 1800 words, additional expansion and development of each point discussed in the essay is necessary.)。
2013 考研英语阅读真题Text 2(英语二)
2013 Text 2（英语⼆）设想⼀个新的移⺠政策A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners.Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and who would make some money and then go home.Between 1908 and 1915, about 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed.About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to for good.They even had an affectionate nickname, "uccelli di passaggio," birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants.We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad.We hail them as Americans in the making or brand them as aliens to be kicked out.That framework has contributed mightily to our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it.⼀个世纪前，来⾃⼤⻄洋的移⺠包括定居者和旅居者。
2013考研英语2答案解析
Section I Use of English1.However2.around3.concept4.reverse5.slow6.against7.expensive8.dominant9.provide10.give up11.before12.withdrawn13.Because14.raise15.stored16.uncommon17.steal18.prevention19.cope with20.trail【点评】2013考研英语二完形填空文章节选自论文The Root of All Evil，原文名称Are we moving to a Cashless Society?文章探讨电子金融的发展会否使社会走向无现金化。
文章首先指出无现金流通暂时还不会实现并对其不能实现的原因进行了说明。
第一个原因是电脑、读卡系统、电子流通网络等使得电子金融得以顺畅的基础设施太贵；二是纸质支票本身有许多便利；三是纸质支票目前给客户提供一个兑现的周期。
文章重点讲了第四个原因是电子金融可能导致个人隐私安全问题。
本次完形文章难度及题目难度与往年持平，考察对英语文章上下文逻辑关系的把握能力以及对词汇的理解和辨析能力。
完形填空是考研英语各题型中难度较大的题型，也是能够考察考生英语综合能力的题型。
对于14年考生老说，平时要养成良好的做题习惯，多加训练，切勿因为完形填空分值低而放弃这一题型，这样才能保证总分高。
Section II Reading ComprehensionPart AText121.the impact of technological advances22.contribute something unique23.job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed24.to ensure more education for people25.Average is Over【点评】文章来自《纽约时报》，文章名为Average is over。
2013考研英语二真题全文翻译答案解析超详细讲解析
2012 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文是一篇关于人物介绍的说明性文章，主要讲述了G. I. Joe 由普通人成长为英雄，是美国特种兵敢死队的象征。
二、试题解析1．【答案】B【解析】本段开篇提出主题：G. I. Joe 这个名字对于参加过第二次世界大战的人来说意义非凡。
空格中需要填动词，在定语从句中做谓语，其主语是who（指代men and women），动作发生的地点是in World War II；空后的句子“the people they liberated”中they也指代men and women，他们有liberate的动作，由此推断“the men and women”指的应该是参加了第二次大战的男人和女人，即服役的军人。
只有serve 有“服兵役”的意思，所以选B。
A 项perform 意为“表现；执行；表演”；C 项rebel 意为“造反，反抗”；D 项betray 意为”背叛，出卖”，皆不符合文意，为干扰项。
2．【答案】B【解析】空格处所指的人与下文的the poor farm kid 和the guy 在含义上呼应，同时与空格后的“grown intohero”逻辑含义应保持一致，因此空内信息应该是与hero“英雄”意思相对，后面的分句说他背井离乡，经历了很多苦难，显然这里应该是说由普通人平凡人（common man）成长为英雄，所以选B。
A 项actual 意为“实际上，事实上的”；C 项special 意为“特殊的，专门的”；D 项normal 意为“正常的，常态的”；皆不符合上下文语意，为干扰项。
3．【答案】A【解析】本题考查的是词语的搭配关系，需要填入动词在定语从句中做谓语，先行词是who（the guy），宾语是all the burdens of battle，要表达“承担战争带来的负担，应该用动词bear 或shoulder，所以这里选A，bore。
2013考研英语二text2新航道
2013考研英语二text2新航道2013年考研英语（二）阅读理解第二篇文章（Text 2）在新航道的解读中，体现了高考英语的出题趋势及解题技巧的应用。
本文将对该文章进行深入解析，帮助考生更好地理解和应对类似的题目。
文章内容概述2013年考研英语（二）Text 2的文章主要探讨了一个涉及社会变革与科技发展的主题。
文章的中心思想围绕着科技进步对社会各个方面的影响，包括经济、文化和人际关系等。
通过对一些具体案例的描述，文章揭示了科技如何改变我们的生活方式，以及这些变化对社会结构产生的深远影响。
主题分析文章开头引入了科技发展的背景，指出科技进步对社会的推动作用。
接着，作者通过一些实例详细阐述了科技在不同领域的应用及其带来的变化。
文中提到的案例不仅包括技术在商业领域的应用，还涉及到教育、医疗等方面。
这些例子具体而生动，使得文章的论述更加有力和可信。
结构分析重要观点科技对经济的影响：文章详细介绍了科技进步如何推动经济增长，提升了生产效率。
科技的应用使得企业能够更好地满足市场需求，提高了生产力，并创造了新的商业机会。
这一观点通过对具体企业案例的分析得到了验证。
科技对文化的影响：科技的发展改变了人们的文化交流方式，使得文化的传播更加迅速和广泛。
文章指出，科技不仅改变了传统文化的传播路径，也促进了全球化进程，使得不同文化之间的交流变得更加频繁和深入。
科技对人际关系的影响：文章探讨了科技如何改变人际交往的方式。
科技的进步使得人与人之间的沟通变得更加便捷，但也带来了信息过载和隐私泄露的问题。
作者通过具体的数据和调查结果，展示了这些变化对社会关系的影响。
解题技巧把握主旨：解答Text 2的题目时，要把握文章的主旨和中心思想。
文章讨论了科技对社会的影响，因此在回答相关问题时，应重点关注科技发展的具体表现及其带来的变化。
注意细节：在做题时，需要特别注意文章中的细节信息。
例如，关于科技对不同领域影响的具体例子，常常是考题的重点。