EVs and Smart Grids

Sustainable Mobility Challenges

Fuel‐and Powertrain Strategy

Success of EV/PHEV ‐ Goodness Factor :
Good Products; Good Infrastructure; Good Business Model

Good Products: High Performance @ Reasonable Cost
I: Integration & Optimization of Automotive & Electrical Technologies A: Alliance of OEM & Key Components Suppliers
Powertrain Technology
I+A
Chasis & Body Technology Energy Storage Technology

Innovative EV/PHEV Business Model

By 2020, EVs would be about 7‐12% of total volumes
T h o u san d s 2,400 2,000 1,600 1,200 800 400 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Global Electric Vehicle Market (Sales): Scenario Analysis, 2008‐2015
U n it S h ip m en ts
Optimistic Scenario
F&S Scenario
Conservative Sceanrio
Scenario's
2008
2009
2015
2020 (% of total car sales) 12% 7% 4%
Optimistic Scenario F&S Scenario Conservative Scenario
5,103 5,103 5,103
17,475 8,911 7,550
2,266,450 1,226,607 520,953

Market Breakdown By Region – China and Japan to be biggest markets for EVs in Asia Pacific
Electric Vehicle Market: Market Breakdown By Region (APAC), 2015
80000 70000 60000 50000 40000 30000
169,000 21%
75%
650
20000 10000 0
2008
Japan
China
India NEVs CEVs
Korea PHEVs
Australia
Others
4% 2015
Others include Malaysia, Singapore
NEV CEV eREV/PHEV
Neighbourhood Electric Vehicle City Electric Vehicles Extended Range/ Plug in Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Source: Frost & Sullivan

保有量
25000万辆
美国
8000万辆 中国
2010
2020
2030
2040
2050 时间

产量
ICE
HEV
BEV
2010 2020
FCV
2030 2040 2050 时间

Vehicle Technology Assessment
Zero emissions
~100%
H2 Fuel Cell
Fuel Economy Gain
Hybrid Electric Vehicles Advanced Powertrains
Emission Reduction
H2 ICE
y od a T
Hydrogen Infrastructure
2005
2010
2020

Ethanol

The First Electric Cars
1893
1910
1899

Characteristics of BEV, HEV and FCV
Types of vehicles
Propulsion
BEV
• Electric motor drives • • • • • •
HEV
Electric motor drives Internal combustion engines Battery Supercapacitor Gasoline stations Electric grid charging facilities (for Plug In Hybrid) Low local emission High fuel economy Long driving range Dependence on crude oil Higher cost than ICE vehicles Commercially available •
FCV Electric motor drives
Energy storage subsystem (ESS)
• •
Battery Supercapacitor Electric grid charging facilities
• • •
Need battery / supercapacitor to enhance power density. Hydrogen Hydrogen production and transportation infrastructure Zero low local emission High energy efficiency from crude oil (if not using gasoline to produce H2) High cost Under development
Energy source & • infrastructure
Characteristics
• • • • • •
Zero local emission High energy efficiency on crude oils Relatively short range High initial cost Commercially available
• • • • • •
• • • • •
Major issues
• • •
sizing and management • Charging facilities • Cost
sizing and management Control, optimization and management of multiple energy sources.
• • •
Fuel cell cost, life cycle and reliability Hydrogen infrastructure Cost