2020学年高中英语Unit1Womenofachievement2SectionⅡWarmingUp (1)

Section ⅡWarming Up & Reading—Language Points
achievement n．[C]成就；功绩
(经典例句)In the last few years，China has made great achievements in environmental protection.
在过去的几年里，中国在环保方面取得了巨大成就。

(1)a sense of achievement 成就感
make an achievement 取得成就
(2)achieve vt. 完成；达到
vi. 成功
achieve one’s success 获得成功
achieve one’s goal 达到目标
①Even a small success can give you a sense of achievement.
即便是小小的成功也能给你一种成就感。

②His laziness makes it impossible for him to achieve his goal.
他的懒惰使他不可能达到他的目标。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The woman scientist was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics for those great achievements(achieve) made by her.
②We’ve had a good start, but more work needs to be done to__achieve(achieve) the final success.
connection n．[C]关系，联系；[C，U]连接，接通
(教材P1)Her research showed the connections between chimps and human beings.
她的研究表明了黑猩猩与人类之间的关系。

(1)There is a connection between A and B.
A与B之间有关系/联系。

have a connection with/to 与……有联系
(2)connect vt.& vi. (把……)连接；(将电话)接通
be connected with 与……有关系/联系
①As is known to us, there is a direct connection between smoking and heart trouble.
众所周知，吸烟与心脏病之间有直接的关系。

②Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits.
健康问题与不良的饮食习惯密切相关。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①As far as I know, he has no connection(connect) with the accident.
②People all over the world usually connect China with silk and good food.
campaign n．运动；战役vi.作战；参加运动
(教材P1)Jody Williams helped found an international campaign to stop the making of landmines.
乔迪·威廉斯协助发起了一场停止制造地雷的国际运动。

(1)a campaign for/against 一场争取/反对……的运动
a campaign to do... 一场为了做……而开展的运动
start a campaign 发起一场运动
(2)campaign to do... 为了做……而参加运动
①Some wealthy citizens were planning to start a campaign to protect the environment.
一些富有的市民正在筹划发起一场运动来保护环境。

②They are campaigning to prevent the wild animals being hunted. 他们正在开展一场阻止猎杀野生动物的运动。

[能力提升]——微写作
首相发起了一场反对在公共场合吸烟的运动。

The Prime Minister started__a__campaign__against__smoking__in__public．behave vt. & vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现
(教材P2)Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.
简研究这些黑猩猩家族已经很多年了，她帮助人们了解了黑猩猩的行为跟人类的行为是多么相似。

(1)behave well/badly to/towards sb. 对某人表现良好/糟糕
behave oneself 守规矩，表现得体
(2)well－behaved adj. 表现好的
badly－behaved adj. 表现差的
(3)behavio(u)r n. 行为；举止；习性
①Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and behave themselves.
应当鼓励学生养成良好的习惯，行为规矩。

②He told his pupils to behave well and not to chat while listening to a lecture.
他告诉他的学生们要举止得体，听讲座时切勿聊天。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①They behaved badly to/towards the guests, which made us very disappointed.
②In a word, I was quite pleased with his behavio(u)r (behave) at the party.
[能力提升]——微写作
③(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)就我个人而言，我们大家都应该注意公共场所的举止。

As far as I’m concerned, all of us should mind__our__behaviour__in__public__places.
worthwhile adj.值得的；值得做的
(教材P2)However, the evening makes it all worthwhile.
不过到傍晚时分我们觉得这一切都是值得的。

(1)It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.
做某事是值得的。

(2)worth adj. 有……的价值，值得……的
be worth doing 值得去做
①I’d like to spend the money on a worthwhile career.
我想把钱花在有价值的事业上。

②It is worthwhile to spend/spending two hours reading the book.
花两小时读这本书很值。

[能力提升]——一句多译
就我个人而言，这本书很值得读。

①As far as I’m concerned, the book is__well__worth__reading．(worth)
②In my opinion, it__is__worthwhile__reading/to__read__the__book．(worthwhile)
observe vt.观察；观测；遵守；庆祝；注意到
(教材P2)She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.
她花了多年时间观察并记录黑猩猩的日常活动。

observe sb. do sth. 观察到某人做了某事
observe sb. doing sth. 观察到某人正在做某事
observe sb./sth. done 观察到……被……
observe＋that从句发现……
[一词多义]——写出下列句中observe的含义
①(江苏卷)Therefore, rules should be worked out and strictly observed.遵守
②It is a tradition for the people here to observe the Spring Festival.庆祝
③The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behaviour of the chimps.观察
④The thief was observed to open the window and run away.注意
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
⑤On the top of Mountain Tai, people excitedly observed the sun rising(rise) from the sea.
⑥The woman was observed to__follow(follow) him closely.
⑦Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe(observe) the traditional customs.
respect vt.& n．尊敬；尊重；敬意；方面
(教材P2)For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.
40年来，简·古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。

(1)show respect for sb. 尊重某人
out of respect (for...) 出于(对……的)尊敬；顾及
(2)respect sb.for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人
(3)give/send one’s respects to sb.
向某人表示敬意
in all/many respects 在各个方面/在许多方面
①I hope airlines can show more respect for passengers and improve service.
我希望航空公司能多尊重乘客并提高服务水平。

②She is respected for her kindness and broad knowledge.
她因心地善良和知识广博而受到尊重。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①China is developing very rapidly in all respects(respect) and we’re all proud of our motherland.
②Out of respect, we’d better ask him for advice on this matter.
[能力提升]——微写作
③(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)在中国，我们认为尊敬长辈是很重要的。

In China, we attach great importance to__respecting/showing__respect__for__the__elderly.
argue vt.& vi.讨论；辩论；争论；说服，劝告
(教材P2)She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.
她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不能用于娱乐或广告。

(1)argue with sb.(over/about sth.)
(就某事)与某人争 (辩)论 argue for/against sth.
据理赞成/反对…… (2)argue sb.into doing sth.
说服某人做某事 argue sb.out of doing sth.
说服某人不做某事 argue that...
主张/认为…… (3)argument n . 争论；争辩；争吵
①It ’s no use arguing with him about the question for he won’t change his mind.
和他争论这个问题是没有用的，他不会改变主意。

②He argued against the plan while his partner argued for it.
他反对这个计划，而他的搭档则支持这项计划。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空/写出标记部分的含义
①As far as I know, they argue for the right to vote. ②After a long time of discussion, they accepted the agreement without argument(argue)．
③It is our task to argue them into leading a low ­carbon life.
④I argue that every one of us should try to help those in need.主张
inspire vt.鼓舞；激发；启示
(教材P 2)She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women. 她激励着那些想为女性的成就而欢呼喝彩的人。

(1)inspire ⎩
⎪⎨⎪⎧sb.to do sth. 激励某人做某事sb.with sth. 激起某人某种情感 (2)inspiration n ．
激励；灵感；鼓舞；启示 inspired adj .
得到灵感的；受到鼓舞的 inspiring adj .
激励人心的；启发灵感的； 令人鼓舞的
①He inspired many young people to carry on volunteer work. 他激励了很多年轻人继续进行志愿者工作。

②The beauty of the West Lake inspired a lot of poets to write their great poetry. 西湖美景激发了许多诗人的灵感，从而创作出他们伟大的诗篇。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Believe it or not, the good news inspired us with hope.
②Let’s give support and inspiration(inspire) to each other.
③The boy became inspired (inspire) when he thought that what he was doing could help those in trouble.
④I was impressed by his__inspiring(inspire) words, and I decided to cooperate with him.
support n．& vt.支持；拥护；供养；资助；支撑
(教材P3)Jane was permitted to begin her work after her mother came to support her.
简的妈妈来帮助她之后她才被允许开始工作。

(1)support sb.in sth. 在某方面支持某人
support oneself 自食其力
(2)in support of 支持
come to one’s support 来支持某人
①(2019·天津卷)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion unless he wants their support.
汤姆如此独立，以至于他从不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。

②When he was about to give up the plan, his companions came to his support.
正当他要放弃计划时，他的同伴们来支持他了。

[能力提升]——微写作
①从早到晚，他必须努力工作养活家人。

From dawn to dusk, he has to work hard to__support__his__family．
②只有几个人表示支持这项提议，这使他很伤心。

Only a few people spoke in__support__of the proposal, which made him very upset.
“only＋状语”位于句首时的部分倒装
(教材P2)Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.
她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。

当only置于句首修饰作状语的副词、介词短语或从句时，句子要用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语前面。

①Only then did he realize that he was not fit for the job.
到那时他才意识到他不适合做这项工作。

②Only by studying hard will you make progress in your study. 只有通过努力学习你才能在学习上取得进步。

[能力提升]——微写作
直到那时他才知道，吸烟于人于己都有害。

Only__then__did__he__know that smoking was not only harmful to him but also harmful to others. (倒装句)
once引导时间状语从句
(教材P2)Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.
一旦我停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。

once此处用作连词，意为“一旦……就……”，用于引导时间状语从句，类似于as soon as。

①You will be successful in the interview once you have confidence.
一旦你有自信心，在面试中你会成功的。

②Once he makes up his mind, he will never change it.
一旦他下定决心，他将不会改变。

[能力提升]——微写作
我敢肯定一旦你在这儿交了新朋友，你就会很愉快。

I’m sure you’ll be very happy once__you__make__new__friends__here.
Ⅰ品句填词
1．The boy behaves(表现) so rudely to his classmates that no one wants to make friends with him.
2．If the research is successful, it will be a great achievement(成就) in the history of science.
3．The organization(组织) which was set up last year aims to help those disabled children to finish their studies.
4．The campaign(运动) against food waste launched online might make you think twice about being so wasteful.
5．Several builders are resting in the shade(阴凉处), talking about their kids’studies.
6．Although I was very tired, the smile on my mother’s face made what I did
worthwhile(值得的)．
7．At the meeting, Mr.Brown was outspoken(直言的) about some mistakes in his work.
8．You can’t imagine how many people crowded(挤满) into the cinema on the New Year.
9．These sports are not only intended for entertainment(娱乐)．They are of great value to character training.
10．Unless you respect(尊重) other people’s religions，horrible mistakes will occur.
Ⅱ单句改错
1．Only if you eat the correct foods you be able to stay healthy.在第二个you 之前加will
2．Once (it is) seeing ，the beautiful scenery can never be forgotten.seeing→seen
3．She has tried hard to do everything which should be done.which→that
4．It is worth to finish the project in such a short time.worth→worthwhile 5．His words are quite inspired，which have inspired us much.第一个inspired→inspiring
Ⅲ完成句子
1．一旦你制订了计划，你应该马上执行它。

Once__you__have__made__the__plan,__you should carry it out at once.
2．结果证明他与这件事情有着密切的关系。

It turned out that__he__had__a__close__connection__with the matter.
3．专家主张我们应该尊重动物的生活。

The__expert__argued__that we should respect the life of animals.
4．实现了目标给了他很大的信心，他工作更努力了。

Having__achieved__his__goal has given him much confidence, and he works even harder.
5．因他倾其一生来造福人类，他受到了人们的高度评价。

Since he had__devoted__his__whole__life__to__mankind,__he was highly thought of.
6．他那时想要的是过一种简单的生活。

What he wanted then was to__lead__a__simple__life．
Ⅳ课文语法填空
For a whole day, our group follow Jane Goodall’s way of studying chimps and watch a family of chimps’ daily activities. We realize the bond 1.between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family. Below is Jane Goodall’s story.
Jane Goodall had wanted to work with animals in their own environment since her childhood. However, this was not easy, because it was unusual for a woman 2.to__live(live) in the forest. With her mother’s help, she 3.was__allowed(allow) to begin her project. She made some 4.valuable(value) discoveries in the end. 5.What she discovered about chimps were that they hunt and eat meat besides fruit and nuts, that they have their own social system, and that they can communicate with each other.
For forty years, Jane has been outspoken about 6.making(make) the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. She has argued that wild animals should be left in 7.the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. She has also helped to build special places where they can live 8.safely(safe). Now Jane 9.is__leading(lead) a busy but happy life.
Jane Goodall has achieved everything she wanted to do and she also inspires those who want to cheer the 10.achievements(achieve) of women.
Ⅰ单句语法填空
1．After work I relax myself by watching TV, listening to the radio or taking part in other forms of entertainment(entertain)．
2．If you want to make great achievements(achieve), you should devote almost all your life.
3．Greatly inspired(inspire), Jane made up her mind to work at her lessons even harder.
4．The photos reminded me of my childhood(child), when I stayed with my grandparents.
5．Don’t forget to pay attention to your own behaviour/behavior(behave) on a formal occasion.
6．At that time，Lin Qiaozhi was one of the most famous medical specialists(special) in China.
7．International Committee of the Red Cross is one of the biggest international organizations(organize) in the world.
8．He spent two nights under close observation(observe) in hospital.
9．There is a connection(connect) between pollution and the death of trees.
10．The old scientist is__respected(respect) by many people because he has devoted almost his whole life to research.
Ⅱ阅读理解
People who have seen Trisha Seifried Woodall with her cats say that
she has a magic touch. Most people don’t know anyone who can order
a cat to jump on a table, sit for two minutes, and then jump to the
floor and walk backward.
Ms. Seifried Woodall has taught her cats to do all these tricks—and many more. At her training center, Got Pet­ential, cats learn tricks for TV and magazine ads. Some of her cats have appeared on bags of cat food.
When Ms. Seifried Woodall gets a cat, she first learns what that cat likes and doesn’t like. “Some cats like to stay close to the ground, so I’ll teach them how to stand behind me, and walk with me，” she says. “Other cats like high places, so they’ll learn how to jump on my bent knee and then safely leap to my shoulder.”
Ms. Seifried Woodall grew up in a family with many pets, and she was first paid to work with animals when she was 18. At a summer job at an amusement park, she learned how to train a few of the animals for performances. She continued to train and learn about animals for 20 years before starting her own animal­training center.
Ms. Seifried Woodall is proud of the skills her cats have learned, but she is also proud that her center’s cats are healthy and social. She believes her c ats enjoy learning new tricks.
In Ms. Seifried Woodall’s experience, no breed(品种) of cat is easier to train than others. All of her cats came from shelters. They have become pets in her home.
Like most animal trainers, Ms. Seifried Woodall uses a reward system. Cats that are successful during training can get food or a new toy. A cat that doesn’t enjoy eating or playing will probably not be interested in being trained. She never scolds(责骂) them. “Cats need a lot of encouragement when they are performing，”she says. “I say ‘good job’ or ‘that’s right’ several times during a single minute.”
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

动物训练师Seifried Woodall创办了教授宠物学习才艺技能的训练中心Got Pet­ential，经她训练的猫会为电视和杂志拍摄广告。

1．What are the cats trained by Ms.Seifried Woodall mainly used to do?
A．Work for amusement parks.
B．Act in TV and magazine ads.
C．Become people’s family pets.
D．Set a good example to other cats.
B解析：细节细解题。

由第二段中的At her training center, Got Pet­ential, cats learn tricks for TV and magazine ads.可知，Ms.Seifried Woodall所训练的猫主要是为电视和杂志拍摄广告。

2．What can we learn about Ms. Seifried Woodall and h er cat­training job?
A．She usually trains cats at her home.
B．She prefers training cats that are active.
C．She trains cats according to their characters.
D．She can train any cat to be well­behaved.
C解析：细节理解题。

由第三段中的she first learns what that cat likes and doesn’t like可知，Ms. Seifried Woodall根据猫的不同性格来训练它们。

3．What did Ms. Seifried Woodall do before becoming a cat trainer?
A．She took care of pets for families.
B．She performed at an amusement park.
C．She worked in an animal shelter.
D．She worked with animals for years.
D解析：细节理解题。

由第四段内容可知，Ms. Seifried Woodall在成为一位训猫师之前，训练动物长达20多年。

4．Which of the following can best describe Ms. Seifried Woodall?
A．Brave and strong.
B．Polite and friendly.
C．Caring and patient.
D．Humorous and talkative.
C解析：推理判断题。

由倒数第二段中的All of her cats came from shelters.可推测她富有同情心；再由最后一段中的Cats need a lot of encouragement...during a single minute.可知，训练猫的过程中，她要很有耐心地给予它们很多鼓励。

Ⅲ完形填空
Sarah waited a long time to see her son, Preston, smile. Five years to be exact.
When he was __1__ three days old, Preston was diagnosed(诊断) with Moebius syndrome, a type of inborn weakness of the facial muscles that control facial expression and eye movement. The __2__ left the boy unable to smile, eat properly, and also __3__ speech problems. He was also born with a deformed(畸形的) right hand.
“There was __4__， of course，” Sarah said. “When you’re a new mom, you
__5__ to see your baby smile.”
“Drinking from a bottle was __6__ for him because he couldn’t make h is mouth come to the bottle. So we __7__ a way to hold the bottle with our hands while pushing his cheeks(脸颊) in a little bit to help him __8__. You just do what you have got to do and make it __9__．”
As he grew, Preston __10__ to push up the corners of his mouth with his hands to “smile”， but was __11__ able to do so on his own—until this year.
In February, Preston __12__ a facial surgery(手术) at St. Louis Children’s Hospital. Just three months after the surgery, two weeks before his 6th __13__，Preston was able to smile a wide smile. Sarah said she’d never __14__ seeing her son smile for the first time.
“There was a birthday party and his cousin said, ‘Preston, let me take a picture of you.’ And Preston turned around and he __15__ at us，” Sarah said. “It was amazing. I __16__ and cried. I knew he was happy. He is still a good, __17__ kid and it was nice to be able to see it on his __18__ now.”
Sarah is working to make people __19__ more about the condition. She said she was happy to share her son’s __20__ to get the word out about the syndrome.
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

Sarah的儿子患有莫比乌斯综合征。

她等了整整五年，终于看到儿子脸上的笑容。

1．A.also B．just
C．even D．already
B解析：结合语境，此处表示Preston出生“才(just)”三天，就被诊断出患有莫比乌斯综合征。

2．A.decision B．treatment
C．condition D．experience
C解析：由上文中的Preston was diagnosed(诊断) with Moebius syndrome...control facial expression and eye movement以及本句中的left the boy unable to smile, eat properly可知，空处指代Moebius syndrome，表示“疾病(condition)”。

这种病还会“造成(resulted in)”语言障碍。

3．A.resulted in B．put forward
C．dealt with D．thought about
A解析：参见上题解析
4．A.tiredness B．sadness
C．loneliness D．sickness
B解析：由上文中的Sarah waited a long time to see her son, Preston, smile. Five years to be exact.可知，Sarah说当然自己心里会“难过(sadness)”。

每一位新妈妈都非常“想(want)”看到自己的孩子笑。

5．A.choose B．manage
C．remember D．want
D解析：参见上题解析。

6．A.difficult B．unsafe
C．important D．possible
A解析：由上文中的left the boy unable to smile, eat properly和本段中的because he couldn’t make his mouth come to the bottle可知，对Preston来说，使用奶瓶是件很“困难的(difficult)”事。

于是，我们“想了(developed)”一种方法来帮助他“喝(d rink)”(奶)。

7．A.changed B．developed
C．continued D．expected
B解析：参见上题解析。

8．A.see B．speak
C．drink D．move
C解析：参见上题解析。

9．A.work B．appear
C．stop D．stay
A解析：由上文中的So we...hold the bottle with our hands while pushing his cheeks(脸颊) in a little bit to help him...可知，我们想尽办法来帮助Preston并使它“奏效(work)”。

10．A.dreamed B．promised
C．learned D．planned
C解析：由上文中的He was also born with a deformed(畸形的) right hand.以及本句中的but可知，随着Preston慢慢长大，他“学着(learned)”用手拉起嘴角来笑，但他靠一己之力做“不(never)”到。

11．A.still B．quite
C．only D．never
D解析：参见上题解析。

12．A.had B．refused
C．understood D．imagined
A解析：由下文中的Just three months after the surgery可知，Preston“接受了
(had)”一次面部手术。

13．A.grade B．holiday
C．birthday D．weekend
C解析：下文中的There was a birthday party是提示。

14．A.regret B．mind
C．avoid D．forget
D解析：由上文可知，Sarah等了整整五年，终于看到儿子会笑了。

再结合下文的描述可知，她将永远不会“忘记(forget)”第一次看到儿子会笑时的情景。

15．A.pointed B．shouted
C．looked D．smiled
D解析：由上文中的Preston was able to smile a wide smile.可知，Preston转过身来，朝我们“笑(smiled)”。

16．A.shut up B．broke down
C．gave in D．got up
B解析：由设空处后的and cried可知，Sarah再也“控制不住(broke down)”自己了。

17．A.happy B．careful
C．brave D．clever
A解析：由上文可知，在他的生日聚会上，Preston第一次笑了。

结合上文中的I knew he was happy.以及still可知，Sarah说儿子以前很快乐，现在仍然很“快乐(happy)”。

看到儿子“脸上(face)”的笑容让她感到很开心。

18．A.hand B．phone
C．bottle D．face
D解析：参见上题解析。

19．A.tell B．know
C．worry D．show
B解析：由下文中的get the word out about the syndrome可知，Sarah想让人们能够更“了解(know)”莫比乌斯综合征。

因此，她很乐意分享儿子的“故事(story)”。

20．A.opinion B．hobby
C．story D．courage
C解析：参见上题解析。

Ⅳ短文改错
My aunt told me a great story today. There were a big old tree in her yard. She was afraid of that it would fell on her house. It was in badly shape and she knew
it had to cut down. However, she was worried about the cost. Two day ago, a young man appeared at his door ready to cut the tree down for her. When she asked what it would cost, the young man replies, “I want neither money or the wood. All I ask is that you pay it forward ！” Heard that, she was very moved and encouraged.
答案：
My aunt told me a great story today. There were
was a big old tree in her yard. She
was afraid of ＼ that it would fell fall on her house. It was in badly
bad shape and she knew
it had to ∧be cut down. However, she was worried about the cost. Two day
days ago, a young
man appeared at his
her door ready to cut the tree down for her. When she asked what
it would cost, the young man replies replied ， “I want neither money or
nor the wood. All I
ask is that you pay it forward ！” Heard
Hearing that, she was very moved and encouraged.。