虚拟语气在If条件句中的使用(精)

合集下载

虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法(if条件句)

在写作中的应用
创作文学作品中
在创作小说、诗歌等文学作品时，虚拟语气可以用来表达虚构的情节和角色情感，增强作品的情感
色彩和艺术效果。
撰写学术论文
在撰写学术论文时，使用虚拟语气可以表达假设的情景或条件，例如在讨论不同政策或方案的影
响时。
写邮件和信件
在写邮件或信件时，使用虚拟语气可以表达礼貌和尊重，例如在
在撰写商务广告和宣传材料时，使用虚拟语气可以增强语言的感染力和说服力，例如“假如您正在寻找更好的产品，那么您来对了地方。”
感谢您的观看
THANKS
if条件句中的虚拟语气与时间状语从句的时态不一致
总结词
当if条件句中的虚拟语气与时间状语从句的时态不一致时，通常是为了强调或表达与时间状语从句相反的情况。
详细描述
在英语语法中，当if条件句中的虚拟语气与时间状语从句的时态不一致时，通常是为了强调或表达与时间状语从句相反的情况。这种用法能够使句子更加生动和富有表现力，突出说话者对某个特定时间点的态度或情感。例如，在句子"If I had known the answer yesterday, I would have told you."中，虚拟语气"had known" 与时间状语从句的时态"yesterday"不一致，强调了说话者对过去的遗憾或后悔。
虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法(if条件句)
目录
CONTENTS
• 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的基本结构 • 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 • 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的特殊情况 • 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的实际应用
01 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的基本结构

if虚拟语气的用法归纳

if虚拟语气的用法归纳IF虚拟语气是英语中的一种重要语法现象，主要用于表示与现实相反的假设、愿望、建议等。

它分为两种形式：if条件句和if非条件句。

以下是对IF虚拟语气用法的详细介绍：一、if条件句1. 表示与现在事实相反的假设：If + 主语+ 过去时态，主语+ would/could/might/should + 动词原形。

例如：If I were you, I would go to the party.（如果我处在你的位置，我会去参加派对。

）2. 表示与过去事实相反的假设：If + 主语+ had done，主语+ would/could/might/should + have done。

例如：If he had come to the meeting, he would have known the plan.（如果他参加了会议，他就会知道这个计划。

）二、if非条件句1. 表示建议、劝告：主语+ should/would/might/ought to + 动词原形。

例如：You should go to the party.（你应该去参加派对。

）2. 表示愿望：主语+ could/would/might + 动词原形。

例如：I wish I were a bird.（我希望我是一只鸟。

）3. 表示假设：If + 主语+ 动词过去式，主语+ would/could/might + 动词原形。

例如：If I had time, I would go to the park.（如果我有时间，我会去公园。

）三、if虚拟语气的特殊结构1. 省略if，将were、had、should等词置于主语之前：主语+ were/had/should + 动词原形。

例如：She were here, she would meet him.（如果她在这里，她会见到他。

）2. 使用倒装结构：were/had/should + 主语+ 动词原形。

if的虚拟语气的用法例句

if的虚拟语气的用法例句一、if的虚拟语气简介虚拟语气是英语中一种特殊的语法现象，常用于表示假设情况、与实际情况相反的条件或无法实现的愿望等。

if引导的条件句中，根据其所表示的条件类型和时间性质，使用不同形式的虚拟语气。

二、与现在事实相反的虚拟语气1. 假设条件：如果+动词过去式（be动词用were）例句：If I were a bird, I would fly high in the sky.2. 假设条件：如果+动词过去完成时（had + 过去分词）例句：If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.三、与现在事实相反但可能实现的虚拟语气1. 假设条件：如果+动词过去式（be动词用were）结果：主将从现例句：If it rained tomorrow, I would stay at home.2. 假设条件：如果+动词过去完成时（had + 过去分词）结果：主将从现完成例句：If he had invited me, I would have gone to the party.四、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气1. 假设条件：如果+主语+had + 动词过去分词结果：主语+would/could/might + have + 过去分词例句：If I had known the truth, I would have made a different decision.2. 假设条件：如果+主语+had not +过去分词形式，结果也用一般过去时态例句：If we hadn't missed the train, we would have arrived on time.五、与将来事实相反的虚拟语气1. 假设条件：如果+动词过去式（be动词用were）结果：主将从现（应该+动词原形）例句：If they were here, they would help us.2. 假设条件：如果+should/were to/might/could/would + 动词原形结果：主将从现（应该+动词原形）例句：If he should call, please ask him to wait.六、虚拟语气中常用的连词和引导短语1. if: 引导条件状语从句，表示假设情况。

虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法

虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法在if 引导的虚拟条件句中，若表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语用“动词过去式（be 的过去式用were ）,主句谓语用“would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词”；若表示与将来事实相反，从句谓语用“动词过去式（were to +动词原形，should+动词原形）”，主句谓语用“would(should, could, might)+动词原形”。

若把从句中were, should 或had移到句首，可省略从句的连词 if 并使用倒装语序.① If my lawyer ___here last Saturday ,he ____me from going.(NMET’89)A. had been ;would have preventedB. had been ; would preventC. were ;would preventD. were;would have prevented②---If he ____,he ____that food.--Luckily he was sent to the hospital imme diately.(MET’93)A. was warned ;would not takeB. had been warned ;would not have takenC. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken③I didn’t see your sister at the meeting .If she ___,she would have met my brother.(NMET’94)A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come④____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.(1994,上海)A. WereB. shouldC. WouldD. Will2．考查通过上下文或介词短语表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气的用法在英语中，有时假设的条件不是通过if 条件句表达出来，而是通过上下文或without, but for 等介词构成的短语表达，其谓形式要根据所假设的时间，与if 从句所表达的时间对应，确定主句谓语形式。

(完整版)if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气

if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。

该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。

一、if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断1、可以把条件句分为两类：1).真实条件句（Sentences of Real Condition）：凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大，就是真实条件句。

例如：⑴、If I have time , I will help you with this work.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。

(2)、If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有时间的话，我们就一起去钓鱼。

）2).虚拟条件句（Sentences of Unreal Condition）：当假设是不大可能实现时，就是虚拟条件句。

例如：⑴、If I were you , I would have attended the meeting. 如果我是你的话，就去参加会议了。

⑵、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话，就会看见他的老朋友。

⑴、If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.（如果昨天下雨的话，我们就会留在家里。

）2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。

只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。

通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。

判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。

通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反。

②与现在事实相反。

③与将来事实可能相反。

3、“后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后，按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。

if 条件句虚拟语气

if 条件句虚拟语气虚拟语气是英语语法中的一种特殊语气，用来表示与事实相反或假设的情况。

在if条件句中，虚拟语气通常用来表达非真实的、假设的情况。

本文将列举10个以if条件句虚拟语气为主题的例子，并对其进行详细解释。

1. If I were rich, I would travel around the world.如果我很富有，我会环游世界。

解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设，暗示说我并不富有，因此无法实现环游世界的愿望。

2. If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.如果我学得更努力，我就能通过考试了。

解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表示对过去情况的假设，暗示说我没有努力学习，所以没有通过考试。

3. If I had a time machine, I would go back to the past and change some things.如果我有一台时间机器，我会回到过去改变一些事情。

解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设，暗示说我没有时间机器，因此无法改变过去的事情。

4. If I were the president, I would make education free for all.如果我是总统，我会让教育对所有人免费。

解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设，暗示说我并不是总统，所以无法实现让教育免费的目标。

5. If it didn't rain tomorrow, we could go hiking.如果明天不下雨，我们可以去远足。

解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对未来情况的假设，暗示说明天可能会下雨，所以无法去远足。

6. If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared a meal for you.如果我知道你要来，我会为你准备一顿饭。

if虚拟语气

If虚拟语气一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法If引导出的条件句中使用虚拟语气时，表示所说的话是非真实的，是一种假设。

通常有三种情况，与现在事实相反；与过去的事实相反；与将来的事实相反。

1[/B]、[/B]if从句表示与想在的事实相反的假设时，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时（[/B] be一般用[/B]were），主句用[/B]would/should/could/might+[/B]动词原形[/B][/B] If we had enough money, we would buy a computerIf I were you,I would take her advice.If places were a like,there would be little need for geographers.如果各个地方都一样，就不需要地理学家了。

Our life would be better if there were no examination.2[/B]、[/B]if[/B]从句表示与过去事实相反的假设时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时，主语用[/B]would/should/could/might+have+[/B]过去分词[/B][/B]If I had worked harder at school,I would have got a better job.If he had know your address yesterday,he would have telephoned you.We might have arrived here eariler if we had taken a taxi.If it had not been for you help, I would have failed again.3[/B]、[/B]If[/B]从句表示与将来事实可能相反的假设时，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，[/B]were to do[/B]或[/B]should+[/B]动词原形，主句用[/B]would/should/could/ might+[/B]动词原形[/B][/B]If it rained tomorrow,we would put off the sports meet.If he were to leave today,he would get there by Friday.If she should fail again,we would not blame her.【注】（1）有时从句假设过去，而主句假设现在，这时从句用过去完成时，而主句用would/sh ould/could/might+动词原形。

虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法

to the boss. 假如他不是那么粗鲁地跟老板说话,他就不会被解雇了. 〔事实：他已经被解雇
错综条件句
虚拟条件句中,结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整.这种条件句叫错综条件句.
①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符.〔假如过去... 现在就会... 过去和现在都是与实际不符的 eg：
表示对将来情况的虚拟
▪ 从句：①if+主语+were to do
▪
②if+主语+should+do
▪
③if+主语+过去式〔be动词用were
▪ 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+动词原形

▪ 1．If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.
▪ 如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈.〔事实：来的可能性很小,不可能
▪ 2．If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go
skating.
▪ 如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了.〔事实：下雪可能性很小,不可能
▪ 3．If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the
matter.
▪ 如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末.〔事实：来的可能性很小,不可能
表示对过去情况的虚拟
▪ 从句：If+主语+过去完成时 ▪ 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done ▪ 1． If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her. 如果我早

if虚拟语气的用法造句

if虚拟语气的用法造句一、if虚拟语气的基本用法if从句中的虚拟语气是英语中常见的一种语法现象，表示对未实现或假设情况的想象和假设。

它通常用在条件句中，表达与事实相反或不可能实现的情况。

下面将分别介绍 if虚拟语气在三种主要情况下的用法，并给出相关造句。

1. 表示与现在事实相反的情况使用if引导条件从句时，主句常使用过去时态来表示与现在事实相反的情况。

构成形式为：如果（If）+ 主语 + 过去式（动词原形），主句+would/could/should/might + 动词原形。

示例：If I were rich, I would travel around the world.如果我富有，我会周游世界。

注解：这个例子表达了一个现在事实相反的假设情况，即说话者并非富有，因此无法进行世界旅行。

2. 表示对过去情况的虚拟推测当我们谈论对过去某个具体情况进行猜测或假设时， if从句中需要使用过去完成时态来表示这种虚拟推测。

构成形式为：如果（If）+ 主语 + had + 过去分词，主句+ would/could/should/might + have + 过去分词。

示例：If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.如果她学习更努力，就能通过考试。

注解：在这个例子中，if从句描述了一个过去的事实："她没有努力学习"，而主句则表示对过去的虚拟结果："她没有通过考试"。

3. 表示与将来事实相反的假设使用if引导条件从句时，若我们想表达与将来事实相反的虚拟情况，则需要结合一些特定的情态动词来表示。

构成形式为：如果（If）+ 主语 + should/were to +动词原形，主句+ would/could/should/might + 动词原形。

示例：If it should rain, we would stay at home.如果下雨了，我们会待在家里。

虚拟语气if的用法

虚拟语气if的用法虚拟语气是英语中一个重要的语法现象，通过使用if引导的虚拟条件句来表达假设、愿望、建议或者表示与现实相反的情况。

以下是虚拟语气if的几种常见用法：1. 表达假设和假设的结果：使用虚拟语气if来表达假设和假设的结果，通常形如“If + 主语+ 动词过去式，主语 + would/could/might/could have + 动词过去分词”。

例句1: If I were rich, I would travel around the world.（假如我很有钱，我会环游世界。

）例句2: If it had rained, we could have stayed at home.（如果下雨的话，我们本来可以待在家里。

）2. 表达愿望：使用虚拟语气if来表达愿望，通常形如“If only + 主语 + 动词过去式”。

例句：If only I could speak fluent French.（要是我能流利地说法语就好了。

）3. 表达建议：使用虚拟语气if来表达建议，通常形如“If I were you, I would + 动词原形”。

例句：If I were you, I would take a break and relax.（如果我是你，我会休息放松一下。

）4. 表达对现在和过去不可能实现的条件：使用虚拟语气if来表达对现在和过去不可能实现的条件，通常形如“If + 主语 + had/could + 动词原形”。

例句1: If I had wings, I could fly in the sky.（如果我有翅膀，我就能在天空中飞翔。

）例句2: If I could play the piano, I would perform at the concert.（如果我会弹钢琴，我将会在音乐会上表演。

）总结起来，虚拟语气if的用法包括表达假设和假设的结果、愿望、建议以及对现在和过去不可能实现的条件。

if 的虚拟语气的用法

if 的虚拟语气的用法在英语中，虚拟语气是一种表达假设、愿望、建议等非现实情况的语法结构。

其中，if 引导的虚拟条件句是最常见和重要的虚拟语气形式之一。

if 从句中使用了虚拟语气，而主句则会采用一个相应的情态动词来表示可能性、不可能性或者必然性。

本文将详细介绍 if 的虚拟语气用法，并以具体案例进行说明。

一、表示现在或未来的条件1. 表示对现在事实的怀疑：如果 if 引导的条件从句与现实相反，则主句常使用与过去时间相关的情态动词（could, would, might），尽管从句所描述的情况是目前存在或未来发生的。

例子：If I were rich, I would travel around the world. （I'm not rich now, and maybe I won't be in the future, but this is just a hypothetical situation.）2. 表示对将来事件的假设：如果 if 引导条件从句描述某种假设，主句通常会采用与未来相关的情态动词（will, shall）。

例子：If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. （We don't know if it will rain tomorrow or not, so this is just a hypothetical situation.）二、表示过去的条件1. 表示对过去情况的虚拟：如果 if 引导条件从句描述了过去某个时间的事实情况，但与事实相反，那么主句通常会使用与过去相关的情态动词（could have, would have, might have）。

例子：If she had studied harder, she could have passed the exam. （She didn't study hard enough, so she failed the exam. This is a hypothetical situation that didn't happen in reality.）2. 表示无法改变的过去情况：如果 if 引导条件从句表达了对以往事件的遗憾、怀念或不同寻常反事实假设，主句通常会使用与过去相关的情态动词（could/would/should/might + 过去完成时）。

if条件句虚拟语气

有关英语if条件句虚拟语气用法
if的虚拟语气用法：
1、现在时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反时，主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加动词原形，条件从句中的谓语用过去式。

2、过去时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反时，主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加have再加动词原形，
3、将来时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与将来事实相反时，主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加动词原形，条件从句中的谓语用过去式。

虚拟语气中，表条件的状语从句的if可以省略，但主语必须与动词易位（也就是倒装）：
If it were not for his illness, he could do better.
=Were it not for his illness, he could do better.
如果不是因为他生病，他可以做得更好。

If he had money, he would buy that villa.
= Had he money, he would buy that villa.
对将来情况的虚拟：
主句：主语＋would/should/might/could＋动词原形从句：should＋动词原形/were to＋动词原形。

对现在情况的虚拟：
主句：主语＋would/should/might/could＋动词原形从句：动词过去式
对过去情况的虚拟：
主句：主语＋would/should/might/could have＋动词过去分词从句：had＋动词过去分词。

虚拟语气if条件句的运用

1定义：当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法（愿望，假想，猜测，怀疑或建议）而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。

If he doesn't hurry up，he will miss the bus.如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。

( 真实)If he is free，he will ask me to tell stories.如果他有空，他会要求我讲故事。

（真实）If I were you，I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。

（我不可能是你。

非真实，虚拟语气，与现在事实相反）If there were no air，people would die.如果没有空气，人就会死亡。

（不可能没有空气。

非真实，虚拟语气，与现在事实相反）1、l would/should/could/might主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后；would表示结果还表示过去经常常常做某事，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性。

比较：If you tried again ，you would succeed. 要是你再试一试，你就会成功的。

(would表结果) If you tried again，you might succeed. 要是你再试一试，你可能会成功的。

(might表可能) If you tried again ，you could succeed. 要是你再试一试，你就能成功了。

(could表能力)现在If I were you，I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。

（事实：我不可能是你）If I knew his telephone number，I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。

（事实：不知道）If there were no air or water，there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。

英语语法虚拟语气用法(if)

虚拟语气虚拟语气用来表达说话人的愿望、请求、建议、假想等不能实现的情况。

1.虚拟语气用于条件句（1）if条件句与现在相反：If I had had a car, I would drive it to Beijing by myself.与将来相反：If I were to do it, I should do it at once.（2）省略if的条件句如果虚拟条件句中含有were\had\should时，if可以省略，这时从句要用倒装语序，把were\had\should移到主语前面。

如Had I known it, I wouldn’t had made such a silly mistake.注意：如果if引导的条件句谓语动词是否定形式，省略if,否定词not 不提前如：Were it not for rain, I would go shopping now.（3）含蓄条件句有是虚拟条件句不一定要用if条件句的形式表达，而是借助介词、介词短语等，常见形式有：without\thanks to\but for\or\otherwise等。

如：But for your help,I could not get home.2.虚拟语气用于名词性从句（1）主语从句It is important\require...+主语从句在这里表示建议，必要，命令等意思的结构中，要用should +动词原形，should可以省略。

这类形容词和分词有：advised\advisable\better\desired\demand\imperative\important\natural\neces sary\ordered\proposed\possible\required\recommended\suggested\urgent\str ange等。

如： It is important (that)we (should) finish the work.（2）宾语从句A: suggest,require,order...+宾语从句在一些表示建议、愿望、要求、请求、劝告、意志、欲望、命令、安排、决定等动词引导的宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气。

if引导虚拟语气的用法

1、表示与现在事实相反的情况：从句：If 主语+过去时(Be动词用were)主句：主语+should/would/could/might+doeg：1．If I were you,I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。

（事实：我不可能是你）2．If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。

（事实：不知道）3．If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。

(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)4．If I had any money with me,I could lend you some.如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。

（事实：没有带钱）5．If he studied harder,he might pass the exam.如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。

（事实：没有努力）6．she looked at me as if I had been a stranger.她看我的样子好像我是一个陌生人。

（事实：我并非陌生人）2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：If 主语+had+done主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have doneeg：1． If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。

（事实：去晚了）2．If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。

（事实：没有听我的话）3、表示对将来情况的主观推测主句：主语+should+do从句：①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should/would/could/might+do③if+主语+did（动词过去式）/wereeg：1．If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。

虚拟语气

虚拟语气用于Байду номын сангаас从 1.wish
2. demand, order, require, insist, suggest, advise. (建议,命令) (建议命令) 建议,命令 3. would rather
1.在动词wish后的宾语从句中表示不可能实现的愿望，常译为“但愿…… 就好了” ;“真希望…”
as if /as though, even if /even though 在虚拟语气中的使用
He often scolds me as if he were my father. （同时）同时）他经常责怪我，就像是我父亲似的。他经常责怪我，就像是我父亲似的。 She talked about the city as though she had been there. （先于）先于）她谈论那个城市，就好像去过似的。她谈论那个城市，就好像去过似的。 He learns English so hard as if he would go to the U.S.A（后于）（后于）
I would come too if I had time to spare. 如果我抽得出时间，我也会去的。如果我抽得出时间，我也会去的。她还不知道你做了什么。她要是知道了，她还不知道你做了什么。她要是知道了，会发疯的。会发疯的。 She hasn’t know what you’ve done yet. If she knew, she would be mad. If the hurricane had happened at night, there might have been less deaths.如果飓风发生在晚上,死亡人数如果飓风发生在晚上, 如果飓风发生在晚上也许会少些。也许会少些。

if条件句中的虚拟语气讲解

虚拟语气(一)一、考点聚焦1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中If I were a boy, I would join the army.If she had time, she should go with you.If h e had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.If i t were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.If I had time, I would attend the meeting.If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train.If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America如果我是你，我就会努力学习If I were you, I would work harder at my lessons.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就给他打电话了If I had known his telephone number, I would have called him.如果明天下雨的话，我们会取消比赛．If it should \were to rain, we would call off the match.使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点：１．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整．If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了．If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.如果你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了．If they had worked hard, they would be very tired now.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)２．省略句在条件句中，可省略if，把were ,had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式．If I were at school again, I would study harder.Were I at school again, I would study harder.If you had come earlier, you would have met him.Had you come earlier, you would have met him.If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.Were I a boy, I would join the army.Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句（1）虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。

if 条件句虚拟语气

If条件状语从句虚拟语气三种时态1、对现在情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用一般过去式，主句用“would/should/might/could+动词原形”形式，表示对现在不可能实现情况的假想。

If I were you,I would choose to work in a small town.如果我是你，我会选择在小城镇工作。

（事实上我不是你）注意：在条件从句中，如果谓语动词是be的形式，不管主语是单数还是复数，书面语中用were,而口语中如果是单数，也可以用was,不过在if I were...中一般用were.2、对过去情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用过去完成式，主语用“would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词”形式。

If it had not been for your help yesterday,I could not have caught the bus.如果昨天没有你的帮助，我不会赶上公交车。

（事实是你昨天已经帮助了我，所以我赶上了车)3、对将来情况的虚拟在表示与将来事实相反的条件从句中，谓语动词可用should do,were to do或动词的过去式三种形式表示，但意义略有不同。

should表示的可能性最大，动词过去式的可能性次之，were to do 的可能性最小。

If things were to be twice，all would be wise.假如凡事都可以重新做一次，人人皆可成为聪明人。

（事实是并不是所有的事都可以重新做一次)注意：在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。

if的虚拟语气用法总结

if的虚拟语气用法总结虚拟语气是指根据说话人的主观意愿、假设、推测等来表示假设、愿望、命令等情态的一种语气。

在条件句中，常用虚拟语气来表示与事实相反的情况。

总结if的虚拟语气用法如下：1. 虚拟条件句：- 类型1：表示可能实现的条件- If + 主语+ 动词(简单现在时)，主语+ will + 动词原形。

- 例句：If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我会呆在家里。

）- 类型2：表示与事实相反的条件- If + 主语+ 动词的过去式，主语+ would/could + 动词原形。

- 例句：If I had money, I would buy a new car.（如果我有钱，我会买一辆新车。

）- 类型3：表示与过去事实相反的条件- If + 主语+ had + 过去分词，主语+ would/could + have + 过去分词。

- 例句：If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.（如果我学得更努力，我就能通过考试。

）2. 虚拟表达愿望：- 类型1：表示对现在或将来的愿望- 希望、愿望等动词+ (that) + 主语+ (should) + 动词原形。

- 例句：I wish (that) I could speak fluent English.（我希望我能说一口流利的英语。

）- 类型2：表示对过去的愿望- 希望、愿望等动词+ (that) + 主语+ (should) + have + 过去分词。

- 例句：I wish (that) I had studied abroad when I was younger.（我希望我年轻时出国留学了。

）3. 虚拟表达建议、命令等：- 动词原形+ (that) + 主语+ (should) + 动词原形。

- 例句：I suggest (that) you should take a break.（我建议你应该休息一下。