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国家开发大学管理英语3

国家开发大学管理英语3Unit 1 Organization StructureUnit 1 重难点分析，You need to understand your company well so that you can do things well. 对Unit 1听力部分，1. 判断题：Purchasing Manager 属于Finance Dept. 错Unit 1口语部分，1.“正装”的英语表达为_________. formal clothesUnit 1 阅读部分，1.Understanding yourself means knowing well about your strengths, weaknesses, your values, how you learn, how you do with others and so on. 错(课文原文：To do those things well, you'll need to have a deep understanding of yourself —not only what your strengths and weaknesses are, but also how you learn, how you work with others what your values are, and where you can make the greatest contribution because only when you operate from strength can you achieve true excellence.)Unit 1 Self-test1. —How many departments do we have? _—We have three major divisions: Operations, Sales and Marketing, Finance and Administration.2. —Didn't you punch in this morning, Wendy?— No, sorry, I didn't know the rule about punching in.—5.6. The key to successful implementation is clearly communicating the strategy to the whole company.7. This is the man whom I saw last night.8. Leave the reference books behind, __or__ you won't be able to think12. The programme gives students the _opportunity to learn more about15. —— The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the—I’m full.Unit 2 Human ResourcesUnit 2 重难点分析，在英语中，条件句有真实条件句和非真实( 虚拟) 条件句两种。

total quality management (tqm) 管理英语3

total quality management (tqm) 管理英语3 Total Quality Management (TQM) and Its Importance in English ManagementIntroductionIn the competitive business environment of today, organizations strive to achieve continuous improvement and provide products and services that meet or exceed customer expectations. Total Quality Management (TQM) is a management approach that focuses on achieving customer satisfaction by involving every employee in the organization. This article explores the concept of TQM and its importance in English management.1. Understanding Total Quality Management (TQM)Total Quality Management (TQM) is a comprehensive management philosophy aimed at continuously improving the quality of products and services. TQM emphasizes the involvement of all employees in the quality improvement process. It requires a culture of continuous learning and improvement, as well as a commitment to meeting customer expectations.2. Principles of Total Quality ManagementThere are several key principles that form the foundation of Total Quality Management:2.1 Customer FocusTQM places a strong emphasis on understanding and meeting customer needs and expectations. By focusing on the customer, organizations canidentify areas for improvement and develop strategies to enhance customer satisfaction.2.2 Continuous ImprovementTQM requires organizations to continuously evaluate their processes and seek ways to enhance them. This involves the systematic identification of areas for improvement, setting improvement goals, and implementing measures to achieve those goals.2.3 Employee Involvement and EmpowermentTQM recognizes that employees are a valuable resource and encourages their active participation in the improvement process. It promotes a culture of teamwork, collaboration, and open communication. Employees are empowered to suggest improvements, make decisions, and take ownership of their work.2.4 Process ApproachTQM adopts a process-oriented approach to management. It focuses on understanding and improving the interrelationships between various processes within an organization. Emphasis is placed on streamlining processes and eliminating inefficiencies.2.5 Measurement and AnalysisTQM emphasizes the use of data and statistical techniques to measure and analyze performance. By collecting and analyzing data, organizations can identify trends, make informed decisions, and implement changes to enhance quality.3. The Importance of TQM in English Management3.1 Enhancing Customer SatisfactionTQM is instrumental in improving customer satisfaction. By involving employees at all levels and focusing on meeting customer needs, organizations can deliver high-quality products and services that exceed customer expectations. This leads to customer loyalty and repeat business.3.2 Building a Culture of QualityTQM helps organizations establish a culture of quality throughout the organization. It promotes a sense of ownership and accountability among employees, fostering a commitment to delivering excellence in every aspect of the business.3.3 Driving Continuous ImprovementTQM encourages organizations to continually evaluate and improve their processes. By seeking opportunities for improvement and implementing changes, organizations can enhance efficiency, reduce waste, and achieve better business outcomes.3.4 Empowering EmployeesTQM empowers employees by involving them in decision-making and improvement processes. This leads to greater job satisfaction, increased motivation, and a higher level of employee engagement. Empowered employees are more likely to take ownership of their work and strive for excellence.ConclusionTotal Quality Management (TQM) is a management approach that emphasizes continuous improvement and customer satisfaction. By adopting TQM principles, organizations can enhance their performance, build a culture of quality, and create a competitive advantage. In the context of English management, TQM is vital for organizations to excel in the global market and provide superior products and services. Implementing TQM requires strong leadership, employee involvement, and a commitment to continuous learning and improvement.。

管理英语3

【句子】I should have told you earlier. 【译文】我应该早点儿告诉你。【难点】should have done 表示假设，用于谈论过去的情况，指本该发生而实际上未发生或与过去事实不符的情况，是虚拟语气的一种形式，有时带批评之意。
Listening and Speaking——Task 4
管理英语 3 English for Administration 3
Contents
Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5 Unit 6 Unit 7 Unit 8
Organization Structure Human Resources Financial Budget Urban Traffic Food Safety Community Service Quality Control Emergency Management
Language Notes
【句子】But you can’t go out on a sales call if you are dressed in jeans. 【译文】如果你穿牛仔裤，你就不能去拜访客户。【难点】sales call 销售，业务拜访。sales call 还有另一个含义，即“电话促销”。例如： For any sales call, you have only 15 seconds before the other party realizes it is another sales call and hangs up the receiver. 对任何电话促销来说，在对方意识到这只是另一个促销电话并挂上听筒前，你只有15 秒时间。
Listening and Speaking——Task 3

国家开放大学管理英语3（作业答案）

国家开放大学管理英语3（作业答案）国家开放大学管理英语3（作业答案）视频題H：1、Purchasing Manager 属J- Finance Dept. 错2、"正装"的英语表达为formal clothes .3、She had been saving every cent she could for months, but twenty dollars a week —which was the totalof their income_.4、Let us go for a picnic, _will you_?5、Why is Mike late for work?--- He is caught up in a traffic jam.16、Please find __out_ when the train leaves.7^ What is the product they are talking about in this dialogue? Shirts8,Emergency numbers in different countries 奸9、So far the contaminated baby milk hasn't caused any deaths yet. 对10、请为该词组选择正确的意思：blocking or defacing license plates 遮挡、污损号牌11、They agreed with_ this idea12、bachelor的意思为：学士；单身汉对13、Understanding yourself means knowing well about your strengths, weaknesses, your values, how you learn,how you do with others and so on. 错14、According to research by Top Employers, many corporations have enough talents for their development.对15、You have to pay for the credit card loans by the end of each month. 铛16、被动语态句指谓语动词表示的动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子。

国家开放大学《管理英语3》机考题题库

交际用语（单选题）1、-Don't take too long at the coffee shop. It's 14:15.-_______________________________________正确选项1.I see. We have 30 minutes left.2、-Have you been to Paris?-_____________________正确选项1.No, it was a long time ago.3、-Have you ever been to Tokyo?-_________________正确选项1.No, but I hope to go there next year.4、-Hello, I'm Harry Potter.-Hello, my name is Charles Green, but____________________正确选项1.call me Charles5、-How are you feeling now?- _________________正确选项1.Much better.6、-I'm terribly sorry that I've spilled some coffee on the table. -_________________正确选项1.It doesn't matter.7、-I've started my own software company.-________________正确选项1.No kidding! Congratulations!8、-It's getting dark. I'm afraid I must be off now.-OK. _________________正确选项1.See you.9、-Let me introduce myself. I'm Steward．-_______________________________________正确选项1.Pleased to meet you.10、-Let's go to the library this afternoon.-_______________________________________正确选项1.That's a good idea.11、-Lily complains that she has never got any mail.-______________. I will write her right away.正确选项1.That's too bad12、-Nice weather, isn't it?-_______________________________________正确选项1.Yes, it is,13、-So sorry to trouble you.-_________________正确选项1.It's a pleasure.14、-What's the weather like in that area?-________________正确选项1.It's rainy.15、-What's wrong with you,dear?-_________________________正确选项1.I have a terrible headache.词汇与结构（单选题）1、_____ of Professor Smith's have arrived here.正确选项1.Two students2、_____, some quality management system failures do make headlines. 正确选项1.Unluckily3、_________ you change your mind, I won't be able to help you.正确选项1.Unless4、A car hit her when she was walking ______ the road.正确选项1.across5、A recent _______ showed 68% of citizens were in favour of the plan.正确选项1.survey6、Are these shoes ____ for you?正确选项rge enough7、Community workers come to _______ rice, vegetables, and other food.正确选项1.distribute8、Even in small companies, computers are an ______ tool.正确选项1.essential9、He used to ______ very hard when he was young.正确选项1.work10、He was the first person to _______ the construction of the bridge.正确选项1.propose11、I bought a new car last month, but I ______ my old car yet.正确选项1.have not sold12、I took it for _______ that you wouldn't come here again.正确选项1.granted13、I was trying to get into the ____ bus when I heard a voice from behind.正确选项1.crowded14、I've read _____ today.正确选项1.something special15、It is one of the best concerts I ____________.正确选项1.have ever been to16、It was in Johnson's hotel _____ the business meeting was held last year.正确选项1.that17、Mary's father is very pleased ____ her.正确选项1.with18、Mike is ______ an honest worker ______ we all believe him.正确选项1.such…that19、Normally, the price ____________ be marked on the shelf.正确选项1.is supposed to20、On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, _______ some bananas and visited her friend.正确选项1.bought21、Such events _______ only when the external conditions are favourable.正确选项1.occur22、That dinner was the most expensive meal we __________.正确选项1.had ever had23、The _______ store has recently installed a new booking system.正确选项1.chain24、The book _____ Mike's. It has his name on it.正确选项1.must be25、The box was _______ heavy for me to lift.正确选项1.too26、The child ______ fluent French.正确选项1.speaks27、The company made a _______ of $309,000 last year.正确选项1.profit28、The government _____ do something about these companies especially when food safety is concerned.正确选项1.should29、The machine _____this morning for no reason.正确选项1.broke down30、The news _____ we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.正确选项1.that31、The underground connection system is _______ two levels.正确选项1.made up of32、There are _____ flowers in the garden.正确选项1.two little yellow33、They _____ leave next Friday.正确选项1.decided to34、They set up a branch in Chongqing to _________ air conditioners.正确选项1.manufacture35、This was the first time she saw him ____________.正确选项1.in person36、Ultimately, marketing is designed to _____ extra revenue.正确选项1.bring in37、While I was skiing, I _______ and broke my wrist.正确选项1.fell38、You can of course help the local school by giving them a ________ directly.正确选项1.donation阅读理解（单选题）Human Resource Management (HRM) is the process of managing people and their relationships in an organization. These two processes are important in the success and growth of a business. In manag 省略...1、____________ is NOT mentioned in the text about the success of HRM.正确选项1.Training2、____________is / are important in the success of a business.正确选项1.The process of managing people and their relationships3、According to the passage, it is important for the employees to know the career path, pay, training and other opportunities through _________.正确选项1.policies4、The most important component of HRM is_________.正确选项1.staffing5、We can use _________ to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases.正确选项1.performance managementI'm Michael Bush, Managing Director of Hoogle Engineering. I am pleased to welcome you here to our website and I'd like to tell you a little about the company and its organization. Hoogle Engineering 省略...1、Hoogle Engineering was set up in ________.正确选项1.the twentieth century2、People in a flat structure usually work in ________.正确选项1.teams3、There are many different ________ of management in a tall structure.正确选项1.levels4、Which is the best title for the passage？正确选项anization Structure in Hoogle Engineering5、Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage？正确选项1.the author thinks the two structures have the same functionsUncle Li and Uncle Wang are good friends. They live next to each other and their farms are bothat the foot of the mountain. So they can help each other. But neither of them likes to use his head. The省略...1、The two farmers carried the apples to the city to _________.正确选项1.make a profit2、The two farmers had to sell their apples at a low price because ________.正确选项1.a lot of apples had been already carried to the city3、Uncle Li and Uncle Wang live in the low and broken houses because _________.正确选项1.they're both poor4、Uncle Li and Uncle Wang were unhappy because _________.正确选项1.they had sustained losses in business5、Which of the following is true?正确选项1.Neither of the farmers is clever.阅读理解（判断题）English is spoken as a native language by around 377 million people, and as a second language by around 375 million speakers in the world. Speakers of English as a second language will soon outnumber 省略...1、American explorers sailed all over the world and took English to many places.正确选项1.F2、English is the most widely used language in the world according to the second paragraph. 正确选项1.T3、English will maintain its dominance because of its language advantage.正确选项1.F4、The first paragraph shows that English has the largest population of native speakers in the world.正确选项1.F5、The Hollywood films flooded the market because people in the world love English films.正确选项1.FI think the most terrible thing in life for my little brother is getting up in the morning. He is almost sick when my mother calls, "Herbert! It's seven o'clock! Get up!"Herbert answers, "I'm 省略...1、My mother often has to go upstairs and pull Herbert out of bed as he refuses to get up. 正确选项1.T2、Sometimes we have to send for a military band to wake Herbert up.正确选项1.F3、The most terrible thing in life for my little brother is going to school.正确选项1.F4、The writer thinks some day Herbert will learn to get up on time.正确选项1.F5、When mother calls, Herbert doesn't answer and remains in bed.正确选项1.FTo save money, you simply need to spend less than you earn. It is easy to say, but why is it so difficult to do? To answer this question, you need to study the factors that keep you spending all the t省略...1、Always pay attention to your budget while spending.正确选项1.T2、For most people, easy access to credit is the biggest reason for overspending.正确选项1.T3、Using a credit card to pay is spending free money.正确选项1.F4、Using credit card is an effective way to get your spending under control.正确选项1.F5、You have to pay for the credit card loans by the end of each month.正确选项1.T。

工程管理专业英语(3)

Rights and obligations of Employer
Appoint the Engineer[3] Give the Contractor right of access to the site[2.1] Permits, Licences or Approvals[2.2] Financial arrangements[2.4] Employer’s claims[2.5] Termination by employer[15]
If the Employer intends to make any material change to his financial arrangements, the Employer shall give notice to the Contractor with detailed particulars.
to the extent (that)在法律文件中的用法: 只要，如果; 在…范围/限度内; 就……来说; 在……方面，在这个意义上
Permits, Licences or Approvals[2.2]
The Employer shall (where he is in a position to do so) provide reasonable assistance to the Contractor at the request of the Contractor:
这一金额可在合同价格和付款证书中列为扣减额。雇主应仅有权按照本款，从付款证书确认的金额中抵消或扣除，或另外向承包商提出索赔。
Termination by Employer[15]
(a) fails to comply with Sub-Clause 4.2 [Performance Security] or with a notice under Sub-Clause 15.1 [Notice to Correct], (b)abandons the Works or otherwise plainly demonstrates the intention not to continue performance of his obligations under the Contract, (c) without reasonable excuse fails: to proceed with the Works and to comply with a notice (d) subcontracts the whole of the Works or assigns the Contract without the required agreement, (e) becomes bankrupt or insolvent (f) gives or offers to give (directly or indirectly) to any person any bribe, gift, gratuity, commission or other thing of value, as an inducement or reward: any action in relation to the Contract, or any person in relation to the Contract

《学术英语(管理)》Unit 3

《学术英语（管理）》Unit 3 TextA《沃尔玛的外国扩张》1沃尔玛，世界上最大的零售商，它的成功来自于它的天天低价策略，来自它的高效的运作水平、物流水平和信息系统，这些能让它的保持最低的库存和保证避免存货过剩（overstocking）和存货不足(understocking )。

这家公司雇佣了将近2.1百万位员工，在美国运行着4200家店，而在美国以外的国家运行着3600家店，产生的销售额将近$4000亿元（截止至2008财年）。

大约有$910亿元的销售额是产生在美国以外的15个国家的。

面对美国的经济衰退（slowdown），沃尔玛在20世纪90年代开始了它的国际扩张，那时候，它进入了墨西哥，和墨西哥最大的零售商奇弗拉（cifra）作为合资公司进行合作，它们开了一系列大型超市，这些超市既销售食品杂货（groceries）又销售一般的商品（merchandise）。

2最初沃尔玛零售商在墨西哥受到了逆风的打击。

沃尔玛很快地发现购物的习惯不一样。

很多喜欢在当地的商店买新鲜的产品，特别是肉、墨西哥米饼、和甜面包，这些食物都不能保存一整晚的（很多墨西哥人都是没有大冰箱的）。

很多的顾客也没有车，也不会像美国顾客一样一次买大量的商品。

沃尔玛调整它的战略去迎合当地的条件，雇佣了当地了解墨西哥文化的经理，让这些经理去控制产品陈列策略（merchandising strategy），开一些小商店方便人们能步行过去，也提供更多的新鲜产品。

同时，沃尔玛相信它能逐渐改变墨西哥的购物文化，通过展现美国商品文化的便利性来引导顾客。

终究，沃尔玛的经理们说，人们在美国曾经也是在小商店里购物，但从20世纪50年代开始，他们逐渐被像沃尔玛这样的大超市所吸引（gravitated,v.被吸引）。

当沃尔玛在墨西哥建立了配送系统，它就能够降低它的成本，然后它就能把（这种好处）以低价的形式传递给顾客。

定制、坚持不懈和低价是会有回报的。

工程管理专业英语3

各具特色。
8
Compaction and Grading 压实和平整场地 19. The function of compaction equipment is to produce higher density in soil mechanically. 压实设备旳作用就是经过机械使土产生跟高旳密度。 20.The basic forces used in compaction are static weight, kneading, impact and vibration. 在压实过程中使用旳基本力是静重力、捏合力、冲击力和震动力。 21. The degree of compaction that may be achieved depends on the properties of soil, its moisture content, the thickness of the soil layer for compaction and the method of compaction. 可能到达旳压实度取决于土质、土旳含水量、所压实土层旳厚度以及压实旳措施。
26. The degree of difficulty depends on physical characteristics of the rock type to be excavated, such as grain size, planes of weakness, weathering, brittleness and hardness. 这项工作旳难以程度依赖于要开挖旳岩石类型旳物理性质。例如粒径大小、软弱位面、风化度、脆度和硬度。
反铲挖土机
铲Байду номын сангаас/正铲
打桩机
6

学术英语(管理) Unit 3

1 Growth strategy plays an important role in determining whether a company is selling new products in a new or existing market. 2 Consumer preferences are no doubt dependent upon culture, education, joint venture and individual tastes among other factors. 3 In a , two or more “parent” companies agree to share capital, technology, human resources, profits and losses for the purpose of executing a particular business undertaking. international expansion 4 The benefits of are obvious in that foreign suppliers can help cut costs, opening a new office overseas can boost revenue, and inking a contract with a foreign partner can bring Shopping behaviors expertise and contacts to the business at minimal cost as well. 5 are changing in troubled times and now people need to control their impulses for shopping. Merchandising strategies 6 play an important role in retail sales by attracting attention through the physical display of products.

管理英语 Unit3

or dependency on foreign resources is involved, international forces will increase in importance in the future.
The social context in which corporate and managerial
To succeed, an organization must take effective moves and countermoves that maintain or advance the company’s position in the marketplace and that cannot be easily nullified by competitor’s responses.
First: technological development can influence an organization’s use of knowledge and techniques in producing a product or service and in performing other work of the organization.
Reason:
The society supports business by allowing it to exist, business is obligated to repay society for that right by making profits
Businesses are accountable for their shareholders. Socially responsible activities such as social

国开电大本科《管理英语3》机考真题

国开电大本科《管理英语3》机考真题Management English 3 Machine ExamPart One: Reading comprehension (50 points)Read the following passages and answer the questions.Passage 1The Importance of Effective Communication in ManagementEffective communication in management is critical to the success of any organization. Within companies, communication is used to inform employees about company goals and objectives, as well as provide feedback on performance. Effective communication can also help build trust and improve employee morale.Good communication skills enable managers to provide clear, concise instructions and feedback to employees. Managers who communicate well can also motivate employees by showing their interest and concern for them. A manager who shows concern for an employee can help build a sense of loyalty and commitment to the company.Effective communication also helps managers build relationships with employees. Managers who take the time to listen to the concerns and issues of their employees can create a healthy work environment that is more productive and efficient. Communication can also help managers identify potential problems and address them before they become serious issues.Ultimately, effective communication in management contributes to the overall success of a company. By providing clear, concise information, managers can make informed decisions that will benefit the company and its employees.Questions:1. What is the importance of effective communication in management?2. What are some benefits of effective communication for employees?3. How can effective communication help identify potential problems in a company?4. How does effective communication contribute to the success ofa company?Passage 2Strategies for Human Resource Management in Small BusinessesHuman resource management (HRM) is becoming increasingly important in small businesses, as it is essential for the development and growth of these organizations. HRM can benefit small business owners by providing them with the necessary tools to manage their employees more efficiently, maintain a positive work environment, and hire the right people for the job.One strategy for HRM in small businesses is to make sure that employees have clear job descriptions and responsibilities. Byproviding clear job descriptions, employees will know exactly what is expected of them, which can help increase productivity and job satisfaction. This can also help prevent misunderstandings between employees and managers.Another important strategy for HRM in small businesses is to establish a company culture that values employee motivation and participation. By creating a work environment that fosters employee motivation and participation, businesses can reduce employee turnover and increase productivity. A positive company culture can also contribute to the overall success of a business by attracting and retaining talented employees.Finally, successful HRM in small businesses often involves developing effective recruitment and selection strategies. Small businesses should prioritize attracting the right employees with the necessary skills and experience to help the business grow.Questions:1. Why is HRM becoming increasingly important in small businesses?2. How can clear job descriptions benefit employees and managers?3. How does a positive company culture contribute to the successof a small business?4. What is the importance of effective recruitment and selection strategies for small businesses?Part Two: Vocabulary and Phrases (25 points)Match the words or phrases from column A with their definitions in column B.A B1. Leadership a. Resulting in a lot of waste2. Organization b. Causing no harm or damage3. Risk management c. The ability to direct a group of people4. Efficient d. The process of planning and arranging things5. Productive e. The process of identifying and assessing risks6. Harmless f. Producing a lot of things or goods7. Wasteful g. Achieving maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expensePart Three: Grammar (25 points)Complete each sentence with the appropriate word(s) or phrase. 1. Management _______ responsible for making decisions that will benefit the company and its employees.2. Good communication skills _______ managers to provide clear, concise instructions and feedback to employees.3. _______ managers take the time to listen to the concerns and issues of their employees, they can create a healthy work environment that is more productive and efficient.4. One strategy for HRM in small businesses _______ establishinga company culture that values employee motivation andparticipation.5. Small businesses should prioritize attracting the right employees _______ the necessary skills and experience to help the business grow.Part Four: Writing (50 points)Write an email to your supervisor discussing the benefits of effective communication in management, including how it can contribute to the overall success of your company. Include specific examples, such as how clear communication has improved employee morale and productivity in your department.Dear Supervisor,I wanted to take a moment to discuss the importance of effective communication in management and how it can contribute to the overall success of our company.As you know, effective communication is critical to the success of any organization. It enables managers to provide clear, concise instructions and feedback to employees, which can lead to increased productivity and job satisfaction. In our department, we have seen firsthand how clear communication can improve employee morale and productivity.For example, when we implemented a new project management system last year, we made sure to communicate clearly with our team about what was expected of them and how the system would work. As a result, we were able to complete the project on timeand within budget, and our team felt more confident and satisfied with their work.Effective communication can also help build trust and improve employee morale. By showing concern for our employees and taking the time to listen to their concerns and issues, we have created a healthy work environment that is more productive and efficient.Ultimately, effective communication in management contributes to the overall success of our company. By providing clear, concise information, we can make informed decisions that benefit the company and its employees. I look forward to continuing to work with you to improve communication within our department and across the company.Best regards,[Your Name]。

2018最新国家开放大学《管理英语(3)》形成性考核册参考资料1

最新国家开放大学《管理英语（3）》形成性考核册参考资料《管理英语（3）》是国家开放大学2017年春季新开的课程之一，对国家开放大学的管理专业学生进行统一考试。

该资料对学生完成学习任务起着一定的辅助作用。

本文库还有国家开放大学其他课程的参考资料，可以参考。

作业1一、交际用语（共计 10 分，每小题 2 分）1-5 题：阅读下面的小对话，选择恰当的答语。

1. - I’m leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.一A. See you later.B. Have a pleasant trip!C. Let’s go out for a drink.2. - Could I help you with the heavy box? You look so-fired.－ I can manage it.A. No, thanks.B. Yes, please.C. All right.3. - Is it possible for you to expand business there?一A. I like it.B. I’d love to.C. Yes，I think so.4. - Would you like some more beer?一，please.A. Just a littleB. No moreC. I’ve had enough5. - Are you going on holiday for a long time?一A. It was a long time.B. Two weeks ago.C. No. Only a couple of days.二、词汇与结构（共计 30 分, 每小题 2 分）6-20 题：阅读下面的句子，从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。

6. Leave the reference books behind, you won’t be able to think inde pendent ly.A. orB. andC. so7. A bus driver is responsible the safety of his passengers.A. inB. forC. to8. This is the man last night.A. whom I saw himB. whom I sawC. who I saw him9. I took it for that you wouldn’t come here again.A. grandB. tameC. granted10. It’s to point to or talk about strangers in public.A. impoliteB. possibleC. please11. important it is for kids to imagine freely!A. WhatB. HowC. What an12. 一 father took part in the charity activity in the neighborhood yesterday?- Peter’s.A. WhoseB. WhatC. Which13. Under no circumstance to tell lies to parents.A. children are allowedB. are children allowedC. will children allow14. Let’s discuss these problems at the meeting, ?A. do weB. shall weC. will you15. John as well as Mike just been back from an important meeting.A. haveB. hasC. had16. You can go out， you promise to be back before 12 o’clock.A. so far asB. as far asC. as long as17. They recommended that the amusement parkA. was extendedB. will be extendedC. he extended18. A number of boys absent some time during the term.A. have beenB. has beenC. will19. If you need further information, please our office.A. constantB. constructC. contact20. - When do we have to pay the bill?一 December 30.A. ByB. OnC. During三、阅读理解（共 40 分，每小题 4 分）21-25 题：阅读短文，根据短文内容从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个正确答案。

国家开放大学《管理英语3》

出考场。监考人收完考卷和答题纸后才可离开考场。
二、仔细读懂题目的说明，并按题目要求答题。答案一定要写在答
题纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。
三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。
四、考试时间为60分钟。
试卷代号：1378
国家开放大学（中央广播电视大学）2017年秋季学期“开放本科”期末考试
出考场。监考人收完考卷和答题纸后才可离开考场。
一、仔细读懂题目的说明，并按题目要求答题。答案一定要写在答
题纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。
三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。
四、考试时间为60分钟。
(2)各档次的给分范围和要求。
1075
试卷代号：1 378
国家开放大学2 0 1 9年春季学期期末统一考试
三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。
四、考试时间为60分钟。
管理英语3 试题
试卷代号：1 378
国家开放大学（中央广播电视大学）2017年春季学期“开放本科”期末考试
管理英语3 试题答案及评分标准
（供参考）
2017年6月
一、交际用语（共计10分，每小题2分）
1-5题：选择正确的语句完成下面对话，并将答案序号写在答题纸上。
试卷代号：1378
国家开放大学2 0 2 0年秋季学期期末统一考试
管理英语3 试题答案及评分标准
(2)各档次的给分范围和要求。
试卷代号：1378
国家开放大学2019年秋季学期期末统一考试
管理英语3 试题
注意事项
2020年1月
一、将你的学号、姓名及分校（工作站）名称填写在答题纸的规定栏
内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带

管理学专业英语3

• Heuristics 捷径思维
Using “rules of thumb（经验）” to simplify decision making.
• Overconfidence Bias
Holding unrealistically positive views of one’s self and one’s performance.
Seeking out information that reaffirms（重申） past choices and discounting contradictory information.
Decision-Making Biases and Errors (cont’d)
• Framing Bias取景或框架 Selecting and highlighting certain aspects of a situation while ignoring other aspects.
Exhibit 2
Assessed Values of Laptop Computers Using Decision Criteria
Exhibit 3 Evaluation of Laptop Alternatives Against Weighted Criteria
Step 6: Selecting an Alternative
Step 8: Evaluating the Decision’s Effectiveness
• The soundness of the decision is judged by its outcomes. How effectively was the problem resolved by outcomes resulting from the chosen alternatives? If the problem was not resolved, what went wrong?