四六级翻译题(书法、水墨画、剧曲)

四六级翻译题（书法、水墨画、剧曲）Calligraphy and Painting书法calligraphy硬笔书法pen calligraphy表音成分phonetic component表形成分symbolic component汉字偏旁components of Chinese characters线条艺术the art of lines汉字书写（体）Chinese script汉字从图画和符号演变而来，中国书法艺术自然而然衍生于这一特殊的书写体系（绝大多数汉字由表音和表形成分构成），因此中国书法也被称作线条艺术。

Chinese characters evolved from pictures and signs, and the Chinese art of calligraphy developed naturally from this special writing system (most Chinese characters consist of several phonetic and symbolic components), so Chinese calligraphy is also called the art of lines.尽管中国书法以汉字为表达工具，但要欣赏中国书法之美，不一定非要懂得汉语。

Although Chinese calligraphy uses Chinese words as its vehicle of expression, one does not have to know the language to appreciate its beauty.书法的目的在于保持自然之美，突显人类精神之美。

Calligraphy’s purpose is to retain the beauty of nature and illuminate man’s spiritual beauty.受到青睐to find favor in汉学圈the circle of Chinese language learning汉学Sinology笔画stroke点、横、竖、撇、折、勾dot stroke, horizontal stroke, vertical stroke, curved stroke, angular stroke, hooked stroke部首，独立成字radical, standalone character篆书，隶书，草书，楷书，行书the seal form, the official form, the cursive form, the regular form, the running form像“字如其人”这样的中国古语与书法是直接相关的。

The Chinese saying like “The handwriting reveals the writer” is directly related to calligraphy.人们认为，书写中运用的力度表露人的性情，而书写的文字则能彰显书法家对生活和艺术的理解。

It is believed that the force used in writing betrays one’s disposition and the written characters reveals the calligrapher’s understanding of life and arts.另外，书法作为一门中国传统艺术，很早便为邻国所青睐。

On the other hand, being a Chinese traditional art, Chinese calligraphy also found favor in the neighboring countries from the early times.汉字笔画有24多种，分为六大类：点、横、竖、撇、折、勾。

Strokes within Chinese characters can have more than 24 varieties of shapes that fall into six basic categories: dian (dot stroke), heng (horizontal stroke), shu (vertical stroke), pie (curved stroke), zhe (angular stroke) and gou (hooked stroke).汉字字体通常分为五种形式：篆书、隶书、草书、楷书和行书。

Chinese scripts are generally divided into five forms: the seal form, the official form, the cursive form, the regular form, and the running form.小篆small seal script象形文字pictography大楷、小楷、中楷、行楷、行草larger regular form, smaller regular form, medium regular form, running regular form, running cursive form楷书四大家four masters of the regular form篆书笔画柔美，形体方正，更近似象形文字。

（柔美的笔画和方正的形体，使得篆书更接近象形文字。

）Soft lines of strokes and upright rectangular shapes keep the seal form characters more close to pictography.此种样式的书法笔画流畅，字字相连，所以平滑、生动。

This style of calligraphy is smooth and lively with strokes flowing and characters linking together. 前字最后一笔常顺入后字第一笔中，因此字与字常常连接一起。

The characters are often joined, with the last stroke of one merging into the initial stroke of the next.草书行笔自如而迅疾，所以字的某些部分看起来十分夸张。

It is executed freely and rapidly so that parts of the character appear exaggerated.即使在同一幅作品中，字体也会大小各异，好像一切皆由书写者的一时兴致所支配。

They may vary in size in the same piece of writing, all seemingly dictated by the whims of the writer.线条的流畅和毛笔的节奏创造出一种整体的抽象美。

The flow of the lines and the rhythm of the brush create an abstract beauty of the whole.如要学习书法，以楷书开始大有裨益，因为这种结构很有规律，易于掌握和临摹，When learning calligraphy, it is helpful to begin with the regular form because the structure is regular and easy to handle and copy.行书介于楷书和草书之间，可使书写更加简练、快速。

The running form is somewhere between the regular and the cursive forms, allowing simpler and faster writing.如果书写严谨、笔画分明，行书会很接近楷书，称作“行楷”。

When carefully written with distinguishable strokes, the running form characters will be very close to the regular style, called “the running regular form”.如果书写急速，行书会接近草书，称作“行草”。

When swiftly executed, they will approach the cursive form, called “the running cursive form”.书圣the Sage of Chinese Calligraphy (Wang Xizhi, Linyi)碑刻（刻字石碑）carved stone tablet拓片stone rubbing《兰亭（集）序》The Preface to the Lanting Collection of Calligraphy (Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection) 唐太宗Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty水墨画ink-wash painting东晋时期王羲之，人称“书圣” ，是中国历史上最著名的书法家之一。

Wang Xizhi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the “Sage of Chinese Calligraphy”, is one of the mo st famous calligraphers in Chinese history.从这些刻石上印制的拓片被广泛复制和印刷，并被用作学习和练习书法艺术的范本，为世世代代的学习者所研习。

Stone rubbings taken from them have been reproduced and reprinted widely and studied by generations of students, used as models to learn and practice the art of calligraphy.唐太宗得到了《兰亭集序》的真迹。

The original The Preface to the Lanting Collection of Calligraphy was acquired by Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.他爱不释手，于是命令宫廷书法家对其进行描摹。